CN108605805A - A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108605805A CN108605805A CN201710046142.5A CN201710046142A CN108605805A CN 108605805 A CN108605805 A CN 108605805A CN 201710046142 A CN201710046142 A CN 201710046142A CN 108605805 A CN108605805 A CN 108605805A
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- herb
- hipeastrum vittalum
- amaryllisvittata ait
- fertilizer
- bulb
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulbs to produce dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof.A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate consists of the following compositions：Perlite, peat soil, vermiculite, mushroom residue, bagasse, cow dung, peanut press pulp, starter fertilizer, polyacrylic acid potassium and bio-fertilizer function bacterium.A kind of the characteristics of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate of the present invention manurial-philous according to Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait fertile loose sandy loam, configures, and raw material sources are extensive, cheap；Performance is stable, the content of organic matter is abundant, retain water and nutrients performance is good；Production procedure is simple, short preparation period；It is environmentally safe, be convenient for large-scale production.The Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate of the present invention can be used for the industrialization production of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait commodity bulb, is especially suitable for absorption and utilization of the Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait seedling to fertilizer, bulb is promoted to expand rapidly, shorten the Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait production cycle to 2 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical fields, and in particular to and a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb produces dedicated substrate, and espespecially one
Kind import Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling shortens the commodity bulb production cycle to the preparation method of 2 years dedicated substrates.
Background technology
Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait large flower and brilliant color, ornamental value is high, is world-renowned tropical flowering bulb.In recent years, the countries such as Holland
Many great Hua Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Aits kinds are cultivated in succession, these kinds are propagated rapidly in China, at high price, domestic flowers industry also land
It is continuous to introduce these Hybrids, expanding propagation.Currently, the group culturation rapid propagating technology of some import Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait kinds has been captured, and
The cultivation technique of commodity bulb waits to study, and in order to make Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait commodity bulb quality reach developed country's level, realizes Zhu top
Red industrialization production is badly in need of improving production fining degree, and the matrix used in planting process is extremely important.It is excellent by weather
Gesture, in the case where temperature, light, water, fertilizer control are proper, matrix is using proper, it can be achieved that shortening the commodity bulb production cycle to two
Year, than shortening 1 year with the developed countries such as Holland of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait knowhow for many years.
Currently, it is domestic relatively broad to the cultivation technique research of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, however it is inadequate for the attention rate of matrix formulations,
The matrix formulations that major part is mentioned in can consulting reference materials are the conventional flower planting base such as common garden mould, peat soil, perlite, vermiculite
Matter is specifically applied to accelerate Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait growth cycle without one kind, improves the nutrient matrix achievement in research of bulb production quality.
In addition, the patent in terms of having individual published Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait dedicated fertilizers, raw material sources are complicated, and type is various, is unfavorable for popularizing
Production.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, present invention aims at provide a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate formula, this hair
Improving eyesight also resides in the preparation method and application effect for providing the dedicated substrate.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate, is prepared by the ingredient of following mass percent：
Perlite：10~15%
Peat soil：20~45%
Vermiculite：10~20%
Mushroom residue：15~20%
Bagasse：10~15%
Cow dung：3~8%
Peanut press pulp：2~5%
Starter fertilizer：0.5~2.5%
Polyacrylic acid potassium：0.5~1.5%
Bio-fertilizer function bacterium：0.5~1%
The peat soil is without silt class impurity, and porosity is more than 93%, and saturation moisture content is more than 85%, and grain size is small
In 5mm, the eriophorum peat of even thickness.
The vermiculite grain size is not less than 4mm.The cow dung moisture content is no more than 20%, and pH value is no more than 8.5.It is described
Peanut press pulp be shelled peanut oil expression after residue, smash to pieces it is spare, fragment grain size be no more than 2cm.
The mushroom residue is the Chinese medicine slag that edible fungus culturing is used as matrix in the process, structure composition after fully decomposing
It tends towards stability, in the granular texture of similar soil granular.It is blue that its constituent usually contains Radix Glycyrrhizae, beggar-ticks, railway beggarticks herb, plate
One or several kinds in the herbal medicine such as root, Radix Astragali, scutellaria, Schisandra chinensis, Chinese ephedra, Siraitia grosvenorii.
The starter fertilizer is fertilizer decomposing agent, bio-fertilizer starter, one kind in fertilizer amendments preparation or number
Kind.
The bio-fertilizer function bacterium is compounded by the multiple beneficials bacterium such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, effectively living
Bacterium number is no less than 50 × 108A/gram.
Above-mentioned starter fertilizer and bio-fertilizer function bacterium be all disclose it is public.
A kind of preparation flow of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate, includes the following steps：
(1) according to mass percent, by 10~15% perlite, 20~45% peat soil, 10~20% vermiculite,
15~20% mushroom residue, 10~15% bagasse, 3~8% cow dung, 2~5% peanut press pulp and 0.5~2.5% fertilizer
Material leavening be sufficiently mixed, stir evenly, survey pH value, control pH value between 6.0~8.0, when necessary use calcium lime powder or
Acetic acid is adjusted.Mixture is stacked 1-2 weeks using aerobic stack retting mode；
(2) after the bio-fertilizer function bacterium of 0.5~1.5% polyacrylic acid potassium and 0.5~1% being added to above-mentioned fermentation
In substrate mixture, mixing is mixed thoroughly, stacks fermentation, primary every turning in 5-8 days, can be used within about 15-20 days.
(3) above-mentioned composting process is preferably completed in greenhouse-environment, avoids drenching with rain, and finished substrate water content is about 12~
20%.
Big to fertilizer demand amount in Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait growth course, fertilising determines the size and quality of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait flower and blade.
Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait plant is probably divided into three need fertile stage, white silk seedling stage respectively not high to fertilizer nutrient, to having from hardening to harvest
The rapid expanding stage of the big bulb of machine inorganic fertilizer demand and, phosphorus, potash fertilizer demand big flower bud differentiation period slightly smaller to nitrogenous fertilizer demand.
According to these features of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, the present invention is by selecting perlite, peat soil, vermiculite, mushroom residue, bagasse, cow dung, peanut
Bran, starter fertilizer, polyacrylic acid potassium or ammonium polyacrylate, bio-fertilizer function bacterium are mixed according to certain mass percent, and
Pay attention to the optimization of matrix physicochemical structure, ensures the loose air permeability effect of matrix, to develop dedicated substrate.The characteristic of each constituent
It is as follows with primary efficacy：
Perlite stable in physicochemical property, resolution is low, and heat absorption power is strong, for adjusting the size void ratio of matrix to 1: 1.5
Between~4, ventilating slit and water holding hole ratio is made to reach the state most beneficial for plant growth.It is cheap, it is easy to obtain；
Peat soil is loose porous, retention ability is strong, ventilating permeable is good, for fixing Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait plant, retain water and nutrients.
Vermiculite contains various trace elements, graininess, and high-temperature calcination, sterile harmless, total porosity are passed through in preparation process
In 90%-95% or more.Porosity for increasing matrix keeps matrix more loose, is conducive to plant root growth.
Metabolite including crude protein, crude fat and nitrogen-free extracts containing edible mushroom in mushroom residue, containing calcium, phosphorus,
The minerals such as potassium, silicon, with substantial amounts microbiologic population and remaining mycelium, containing abundant organic matter, full nitrogen and
Available nitrogen.For improving matrix fertility, sufficient nutrition is provided for the growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb.
Bagasse derives from a wealth of sources, cheap, loose, is conducive in deodorization and kills pathogen.
Cow dung is of close texture, and decomposes slow, nutrient content height, the content of organic matter and fertility for improving matrix, conditioned soil
Earth structure improves matrix physicochemical environment and microbial environment.
The peanut press pulp content of organic matter accounts for about 75%, and wherein N content accounts for about 60%, P and K contents are total accounts for about 30%, in addition
Containing there are many trace elements.Be conducive to increase the matrix content of organic matter, improve matrix fertility.
Starter fertilizer is used to complicated organic material decomposition shorten the compost time, in fermentation process at concentrated fertilizer
In with various functions microorganism collective effect, complete to being deodorized of organic materials, decomposed, desinsection, sterilization treatment and Nutrient Transformation
Process.
Polyacrylic acid potassium is as a kind of water-retaining agent, the water-absorbing-retaining ability for improving matrix.
Bio-fertilizer function bacterium is used for activated substrate, increases matrix fertility, enhancing Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait is planted for producing microbial manure
The disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of strain, improves bulb quality.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art and effect：
(1) a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb of the invention produces dedicated substrate, and the content of organic matter is abundant, and nutrition is comprehensive, then matches
The application of Hefei material, disclosure satisfy that Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait grows demand of each period to nutrient.
(2) a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb of the invention produces dedicated substrate, with short production cycle, and it is wide to prepare raw material sources
It is general, cheap, easy to obtain.
(3) a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb of the invention produces dedicated substrate, has the function of stronger bacteriostatic and disease prevention, can
The generation of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait summer leaf spot is effectively reduced, the number of fertilising laxative is reduced, it is environmentally safe, be conducive to Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait kind
Ball fast-growth.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb of the present invention produces dedicated substrate preparation method flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof, includes the following steps (as shown in Figure 1)：
(1) in XiaoJinKou Town, Huizhou City, GuangDong Province Lingnan Landscape Co., Ltd. nursery greenhouse, by 100kg perlites
(10kg/ bags totally 10 bags), 320kg peat soils (German Klasmann-Deilmann peat 200L/ packets about 4 wrap), 150kg vermiculites
(grain size is more than 4mm, is purchased from Guangdong Gaoyao City new bridge Zhenghai hair peat soil processing space), 200kg mushroom residues (are collected in Guangdong Province's favour
The neighbouring mushroom grower in little Jin mouthfuls of state city town), 100kg bagasse, 80kg cow dungs, 20kg peanut press pulps, 10kg starter fertilizers (originate from Shandong
Lv Long Bioisystech Co., Ltd, 500g/ bags with 20 bags) it puddles uniformly, water spray 300L brings the mixture to certain wettability, surveys
PH value is about 7.0, aerobic stack retting 10 days.
(2) polyacrylic acid potassium (originating from Shandong Hao Yao new materials Co., Ltd) and bio-fertilizer function bacterium (are originated from into Zhengzhou base
Industry bioengineering Co., Ltd) respectively 10kg pour into stack retting matrix, puddle uniformly, carry out stack retting, it is primary every turning in 1 week,
It is packed after about 15 days for use.
Matrix of the present invention and conventional flower seedling raising matrix are made into application effect contrast test, little Jin mouthfuls in Huizhou
Town《Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait industrialization production is demonstrated and promotion applied research》Implement in project base.Three processing, processing 1 are set altogether：Zhu pushes up
Red Indian race ball produces dedicated substrate, processing 2：Peat soil, perlite, vermiculite three mass ratio be 2: 1: 1, processing 3：Garden mould, corruption
Both ripe chicken manures mass ratio 3: 1.Respectively as matrix, for the Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait sprigging that 100 plants of bulbs are 8mm.After three months,
Front and back comparison is carried out to plant bulb, blade length and width, blade quantity average value, every increment is obtained, counts leaf spot
Rate, as a result such as table 1：
Table respectively handles growth increment data after 1 three months
It is shown according to experimental result, 1 pair of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb of processing expands and the facilitation of the size of blade, quantity growth
And other processing, the dedicated substrate tool that matrix of the present invention is produced as Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb are significantly better than to the resistant function of leaf spot
There is good effect.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb produces dedicated substrate, it is characterised in that be prepared by the ingredient of following mass percent：
Perlite：10~15%
Peat soil：20~45%
Vermiculite：10~20%
Mushroom residue：15~20%
Bagasse：10~15%
Cow dung：3~8%
Peanut press pulp：2~5%
Starter fertilizer：0.5~2.5%
Polyacrylic acid potassium：0.5~1.5%
Bio-fertilizer function bacterium：0.5~1%.
2. a kind of preparation flow of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate described in claim 1, includes the following steps：
(1) mass percent described in accordance with the claim 1, by river sand, peat soil, vermiculite, mushroom residue, bagasse, cow dung, flower
Raw bran and starter fertilizer are sufficiently mixed, and are stirred evenly, and survey pH value, control pH value is between 6.0~8.0, when necessary using life
Pulverized limestone or acetic acid are adjusted.Mixture is stacked 1-2 weeks using aerobic stack retting mode；
(2) polyacrylic acid potassium and bio-fertilizer function bacterium are added in the substrate mixture after above-mentioned fermentation, mixing is mixed thoroughly, is stacked
Fermentation, it is primary every turning in 5-8 days, it can be used within about 15-20 days.
(3) it should avoid drenching with rain in above-mentioned composting process.
3. a kind of application mode of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate described in claim 1~2, including following want
Point：
(1) during nutrient growth, supplement nutrition needed for the growth of enough cauline leafs, use N: P: K ratio be 20: 20: 20 it is water-soluble
Property inorganic fertilizer, concentration of fertilizer is maintained at 0.8 ‰~1.2 ‰, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is every 7~15 days primary；
(2) during bulb bud differentiation, stress to provide enough energy to bloom, it is 20: 20: 20 water to use N: P: K ratio
The KH of 1: 1 mass is added in insoluble inorganic fertilizer2PO4Mixing application, concentration of fertilizer are maintained at 0.8 ‰~1.2 ‰, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is
Every 7~10 days primary.
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| CN201710046142.5A CN108605805A (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201710046142.5A CN108605805A (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait bulb production dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109247156A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-22 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | A kind of South China's Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait florescence control method |
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