CN111406524A - Cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111406524A CN111406524A CN202010342057.5A CN202010342057A CN111406524A CN 111406524 A CN111406524 A CN 111406524A CN 202010342057 A CN202010342057 A CN 202010342057A CN 111406524 A CN111406524 A CN 111406524A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
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Abstract
The application discloses a cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus, which comprises the following steps: controlling the illumination intensity, relative humidity and temperature of the greenhouse with grown seedlings; preparing a cutting medium, wherein the cutting medium comprises sandy soil, peat soil, garden soil and organic fertilizer, and sterilizing the medium, wherein the sandy soil comprises: peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (0-4): 1-5 in sequence, and the prepared cutting is obtained after the cutting of the seedling; disinfecting the base part of the prepared cutting, soaking in a rooting agent, and cutting; compacting the matrix around the cutting slips after cutting; after management after cutting, the cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus is convenient in material obtaining, short in seedling raising period, large in propagation coefficient, fast in growth, strong in resistance, capable of keeping excellent characters of trees, and capable of enabling the rooting rate of cutting slips to reach more than 95.5% and enabling the number of adventitious roots to reach 9-12 per plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant propagation method, in particular to a cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus.
Background
Euonymus fortunei cv. gold, genus Euonymus, family Euonymus, genus evergreen broadleaf bush. The plants mainly grow under the inter-mountain miscellaneous trees, at forest edges or in the brush, and are distributed to Jilin in various provinces and downstream of the Yangtze river, and cultivation is carried out in various regions. The winglets of euonymus japonicus are peculiar, the leaves are golden in the growing season, the leaves turn red in the resting season, the plant height is 30-50cm, the crown width is 60-80cm, the plant crown is low, the stem sprouting capacity is strong, and the management is extensive. The garden is mainly used for garden greening, and can also be planted beside rockery stone for matching planting or ground cover foundation planting and pattern flower bed. Along with the increasing demand of people on the euonymus alatus, the reproduction of the euonymus alatus is more and more emphasized, and the problem of producing euonymus alatus seedlings with stable characters and good quality at present needs to be solved urgently. The euonymus alatus propagation method mainly comprises seed propagation and cutting propagation. Although the seed propagation method is simple and the propagation coefficient is large, the variation of plant characters is easily caused. At present, many reports on the cutting propagation of euonymus plants exist, but the literature on the cutting propagation of euonymus aurantiaca is almost blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus, which comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the illumination intensity, relative humidity and temperature of the greenhouse with grown seedlings;
(2) preparing a cutting medium: the composition of cuttage matrix is sand soil, peat soil, garden soil and fertilizer, carries out sterilization to the matrix, wherein sand soil: peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (0-4): 1-5 in sequence, and the prepared cutting is obtained after the cutting of the seedlings in the step (1);
(3) cuttage: disinfecting the base part of the cutting shoot prepared in the step (2), soaking in a rooting agent, and cutting; and compacting the matrix around the cutting slips after cutting.
Preferably, the illumination intensity in the step (1) is controlled to be 40-70%; the relative humidity of the air is controlled to be 60-80%, and the temperature is controlled to be 22-28 ℃.
Further, the illumination intensity in the step (1) is controlled to be 50-60%; the relative humidity of the air is controlled to be 70-80%, and the temperature is controlled to be 26-28 ℃.
Further, the seedling in the step (1) is planted for 3 years in a field with a planting distance of 20 × 30 cm.
Preferably, the seedling in the step (1) is cultivated from 5 to 6 ten days.
Preferably, the method for controlling the illumination intensity in step (1) may be to cover the plastic film at the top, and further, the plastic film may be provided with a double-layer sunshade net.
Preferably, the humidity control in step (1) can adopt an agricultural or commercial intermittent automatic spraying device; the method of controlling humidity may be by using an agricultural or commercial greenhouse water curtain system.
Preferably, the sandy soil in the step (2): peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (2-4) to (1-3) in sequence.
Further, the sandy soil in the step (2): peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (3-4): (2-4): (1-2): 2-3).
Preferably, the step (2) of sterilizing and disinfecting the substrate is to sterilize and disinfect the substrate by using a potassium permanganate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4%, the disinfection time is 30-60 min, and the substrate is placed for 1-3 days and then subjected to cuttage.
Preferably, the step (2) of preparing the scion is to cut the collected euonymus alatus branches into cutting slips, cut an upper cut of each cutting slip into a flat opening, and cut a lower cut into an oblique opening.
Preferably, the euonymus japonicus branches are semi-lignified branches of the current year, the branches are strong and healthy, free of diseases and insect pests and uniform in thickness, and collected branches are placed in clear water for moisturizing.
Further, the length of the cutting is 5-8 cm; the distance between the flat openings is 0.5-0.6 cm; the distance between the upper part of the bevel opening and the joint is 0.2-0.3 cm.
Specifically, the ear preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting collected euonymus japonicus branches into cuttings with the length of 5-8cm, cutting the cuttings into flat openings, keeping 1/2 the number of blades near the upper cut opening, cutting the lower cut opening into oblique openings, keeping the upper part of the oblique openings at the distance of 0.2-0.3cm, and removing the blades near the lower cut opening.
Further, the disinfection in the step (3) is carried out by putting the carbendazim wettable powder diluted by 500-800 times into liquid medicine of 50-60% and soaking for 30-40 min.
Preferably, the rooting agent in the step (3) is prepared by respectively dissolving 50-70mg of naphthylacetic acid and 50-30mg of indoleacetic acid in 10ml of 95-97% ethanol, then mixing the naphthylacetic acid and the indoleacetic acid, adding water to 1L, uniformly mixing, and then adding 5-8 g of vitamin B12, wherein the soaking time is 10-20 min.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the cuttage is carried out according to the plant row spacing (3.5-4.5) cm × (5.5-6.5) cm, and the cuttage depth is 1/3-1/2 of the cutting shoot and is inserted into the cuttage matrix.
Preferably, the cuttage in the step (3) adopts a direct cutting method, and water is timely poured to keep the cuttage bed moist.
Preferably, the steps further comprise post-insertion management: spraying for 1 time every 30-40 min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 1-2 h at night within 6-8 days after cuttage; spraying for 1 time every 1-2 h in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 3-4 h at night within 7-15 days after cuttage; spraying for 2-3 times in the daytime within 15-30 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 7:00-8:00 in the morning and 3:00-4:00 in the afternoon respectively; spraying for 1-2 times at a ratio of 9:00-10:00 in the daytime within 30-60 days after cuttage; spraying 50-60% carbendazim wettable powder once every 6-7 days after cuttage, diluting with 800-fold liquid medicine and sterilizing.
Further, the spraying amount and the spraying frequency are adjusted by combining the weather condition, the base part of the cutting shoot grows into an indefinite root, and the spraying frequency is gradually reduced.
Preferably, the management after the cutting also comprises timely cleaning the browning and rotting cuttings in the cutting bed to prevent the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests.
Has the advantages that: the cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus disclosed by the application has the advantages of convenient material acquisition, short seedling raising period, large propagation coefficient, fast growth, strong resistance and capability of keeping excellent properties of trees, the rooting rate of cutting shoots reaches more than 95.5%, and the number of adventitious roots reaches 9-12 per plant.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparing a female parent ear garden, namely planting seedlings in a field with a row spacing of 20 × 30cm and planting the seedlings for 3 years.
(2) Cutting time and place: cutting in a greenhouse of the agriculture Bo garden of Jiangsu province from 5 months and 1 day, covering the top of the greenhouse by a plastic film, controlling the illumination intensity to be 50% and the relative humidity of air to be 70% by adopting an intermittent automatic spraying device, and ventilating and cooling by utilizing a greenhouse water curtain system to maintain the temperature at 22 ℃.
(3) Preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium is sandy soil: peat soil: garden soil: after the organic fertilizer is fully and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:2:1:2, the substrate is sterilized and disinfected for 60min by 0.2% potassium permanganate solution, and the cuttage is carried out after the substrate is placed for 2 days.
(4) Preparing rooting agent by dissolving naphthylacetic acid (NAA)50mg and indoleacetic acid (IAA)30mg in ethanol 10ml 95%, mixing, adding water to 1L, mixing, and adding vitamin B125g for standby.
(5) Preparing a cutting shoot: collecting the annual semi-lignified branches of euonymus alatus, wherein the branches are strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and uniform in thickness, and the collected branches are placed in clear water for moisturizing. Preparing ears: cutting collected euonymus japonicus branches into cutting slips with the length of 5cm, cutting the upper cuts of the cutting slips into flat openings with the distance of 0.5cm from the joint, reserving 1/2 leaves near the upper cut, cutting the lower cuts into oblique openings with the distance of 0.2cm from the upper part of the oblique openings, and removing the leaves near the lower cut.
(6) And (3) cutting treatment and cuttage, namely, a direct cutting method is adopted, the prepared base part of the cutting is placed in 50% carbendazim wettable powder to be diluted by 500 times of liquid medicine to be soaked for 40min for disinfection, then the base part is soaked in the prepared rooting agent for 10min, the cutting is inserted into a cuttage matrix according to the plant-row spacing of 4cm × 6cm, the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the cutting, the matrix around the cutting is compacted after cuttage, water is watered in time, and the cutting bed is kept moist.
(7) Managing after the insertion: the humidity of the substrate is checked every day, and the spraying amount and the spraying times are adjusted according to the weather conditions. Spraying for 1 time every 30min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 1h at night within 7 days after cuttage. Within 7 days after cuttage, adventitious roots grow out from the base of the cutting, the spraying frequency is gradually reduced, 1 time is sprayed every 1 hour in the day, and 1 time is sprayed every 3 hours at night. Spraying for 2 times in the daytime within 15 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 7:00 in the morning and 3:00 in the afternoon; spraying for 1 time at 9:00 day within 30 days after cuttage. Spraying 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1 time every 7 days after cuttage to dilute 800 times of the liquid medicine for sterilization, and simultaneously cleaning browning and rot cuttings appearing in the cutting bed in time to prevent the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. After 60 days, the euonymus alatus cutting shoots basically and uniformly root, the rooting rate reaches 95.5 percent, and the number of adventitious roots is 9-10 roots per plant.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a female parent ear garden, namely planting seedlings in a field with a row spacing of 20 × 30cm and planting the seedlings for 3 years.
(2) Cutting time and place: cutting in a greenhouse of agriculture Bo garden in Jiangsu province from 1 day 6 month, covering the top of the greenhouse with a plastic film, arranging a double-layer sunshade net on the plastic film, controlling the illumination intensity to be 50%, adopting an intermittent automatic spraying device, controlling the relative humidity of air to be 80%, and ventilating and cooling by using a greenhouse water curtain system to maintain the temperature at 28 ℃.
(3) Preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium is sandy soil: peat soil: garden soil: after the organic fertilizer is fully and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 4:4:2:3, the substrate is sterilized and disinfected for 30min by 0.4% potassium permanganate solution, and the cuttage is carried out after the substrate is placed for 2 days.
(4) Preparing rooting agent by dissolving naphthylacetic acid (NAA)70mg and indoleacetic acid (IAA)50mg in ethanol 10ml 95%, respectively, mixing, adding water to 1L, mixing, and adding vitamin B128g for standby.
(5) Preparing a cutting shoot: collecting the annual semi-lignified branches of euonymus alatus, wherein the branches are strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and uniform in thickness, and the collected branches are placed in clear water for moisturizing. Preparing ears: cutting collected euonymus japonicus branches into cuttings with the length of 8cm, cutting the upper cuts of the cuttings into flat openings with the distance of 0.6cm from the cut, reserving 1/2 leaves near the upper cut, cutting the lower cuts into oblique openings with the distance of 0.3cm from the upper portions of the oblique openings, and removing the leaves near the lower cut.
(6) And (3) cutting treatment and cuttage, namely, a direct cutting method is adopted, the prepared base part of the cutting is placed in a liquid medicine diluted by 500 times of carbendazim wettable powder with the concentration of 60% for soaking for 30min for disinfection, then the base part is soaked in a prepared rooting agent for 10min, the cutting depth is 1/2 of the cutting to be inserted into a cuttage matrix according to the plant-row spacing of 4cm × 6cm, the matrix around the cutting is compacted after cuttage, water is watered in time, and the cutting bed is kept moist.
(7) Managing after the insertion: the humidity of the substrate is checked every day, and the spraying amount and the spraying times are adjusted according to the weather conditions. Spraying for 1 time every 40min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 2h at night within 7 days after cuttage. Within 15 days after cuttage, adventitious roots grow out from the base of the cutting, the spraying frequency is gradually reduced, the spraying is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours in the day, and the spraying is carried out for 1 time every 4 hours at night. Spraying for 2 times in the daytime within 30 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 8:00 in the morning and 4:00 in the afternoon; spraying for 1 time at 10:00 day within 60 days after cuttage. Spraying 60% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 time every 7 days after cuttage to dilute 800 times of the liquid medicine for sterilization, and simultaneously cleaning browning and rotting cuttings appearing in a cutting bed in time to prevent breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. After 60 days, the euonymus alatus cutting shoots basically and uniformly root, the rooting rate reaches 95.8 percent, and the number of adventitious roots is 9-11 roots per plant.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a female parent ear garden, namely planting seedlings in a field with a row spacing of 20 × 30cm and planting the seedlings for 3 years.
(2) Cutting time and place: cutting in a greenhouse of the agriculture Bo garden of Jiangsu province from 30 days after 5 months, covering the top of the greenhouse by a plastic film, controlling the illumination intensity to be 55 percent, controlling the relative humidity of air to be 75 percent by adopting an intermittent automatic spraying device, and ventilating and cooling by utilizing a greenhouse water curtain system to keep the temperature at 25 ℃.
(3) Preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium is sandy soil: peat soil: garden soil: after the organic fertilizer is fully and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3.7:2.5:1.3:2.5, the substrate is sterilized and disinfected for 40min by 0.3 percent potassium permanganate solution, and the substrate is placed for 2 days and then is subjected to cuttage.
(4) Preparing rooting agent by dissolving naphthylacetic acid (NAA)65mg and indoleacetic acid (IAA)45mg in ethanol 10ml 95%, respectively, mixing, adding water to 1L, mixing, and adding vitamin B126g for standby.
(5) Preparing a cutting shoot: collecting the annual semi-lignified branches of euonymus alatus, wherein the branches are strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and uniform in thickness, and the collected branches are placed in clear water for moisturizing. Preparing ears: cutting collected euonymus japonicus branches into cutting slips with the length of 6.5cm, cutting the upper cuts of the cutting slips into flat openings with the distance of 0.5cm from the joints, reserving 1/2 leaves near the upper cut, cutting the lower cuts into oblique openings with the distance of 0.3cm from the upper parts of the oblique openings, and removing the leaves near the lower cut.
(6) And (3) cutting treatment and cuttage, namely, a direct cutting method is adopted, the prepared base part of the cutting is placed in 55% carbendazim wettable powder diluted by 600 times of liquid medicine to be soaked for 35min for disinfection, then the base part is soaked in the prepared rooting agent for 15min, the cutting is inserted into a cuttage matrix according to the plant-row spacing of 4cm × 6cm, the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the cutting, the matrix around the cutting is compacted after cuttage, water is watered in time, and the cutting bed is kept moist.
(7) Managing after the insertion: the humidity of the substrate is checked every day, and the spraying amount and the spraying times are adjusted according to the weather conditions. Spraying for 1 time every 35min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 1.5h in the nighttime within 7 days after cuttage. Within 14 days after cuttage, adventitious roots grow out from the base of the cutting, the spraying frequency is gradually reduced, and the cutting is sprayed for 1 time every 1.5h in the day and for 1 time every 3.5h in the night. Spraying for 2 times in the daytime within 25 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 7:30 in the morning and 3:30 in the afternoon; spraying for 1 time at the ratio of 9:30 in the day after cuttage within 45 days. Spraying 55% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 time and 900 times of liquid medicine for sterilization every 7 days after cuttage, and simultaneously cleaning browning and rotting cuttings appearing in a cutting bed in time to prevent breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. After 60 days, the euonymus alatus cutting shoots basically and uniformly take root, the rooting rate reaches over 96.7 percent, and the number of adventitious roots is 10-12 per plant.
Example 4
(1) Preparing a female parent ear garden, namely planting seedlings in a field with a row spacing of 20 × 30cm and planting the seedlings for 3 years.
(2) Cutting time and place: cuttage is carried out in a greenhouse of the agriculture Bo garden in Jiangsu province in 6 months and 10 days, the top of the greenhouse is covered by a plastic film, a double-layer sunshade net is arranged on the plastic film, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 60%, an intermittent automatic spraying device is adopted, the relative humidity of air is controlled to be 78%, and a greenhouse water curtain system is used for ventilating and cooling, so that the temperature is maintained at 25 ℃.
(3) Preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium is sandy soil: peat soil: garden soil: after the organic fertilizer is fully and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3.2:2.4:1.8:2.6, the substrate is sterilized and disinfected for 50min by 0.3 percent potassium permanganate solution, and the substrate is placed for 2 days and then is subjected to cuttage.
(4) Preparing rooting agent by dissolving naphthylacetic acid (NAA)60mg and indoleacetic acid (IAA)45mg in ethanol 10ml 95%, mixing, adding water to 1L, mixing, and adding vitamin B127g, ready for use.
(5) Preparing a cutting shoot: collecting the annual semi-lignified branches of euonymus alatus, wherein the branches are strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and uniform in thickness, and the collected branches are placed in clear water for moisturizing. Preparing ears: cutting collected euonymus japonicus branches into cutting slips with the length of 7cm, cutting the upper cuts of the cutting slips into flat openings with the distance of 0.6cm from each joint, reserving 1/2 leaves near the upper cut, cutting the lower cuts into oblique openings with the distance of 0.3cm from the upper parts of the oblique openings, and removing the leaves near the lower cut.
(6) And (3) cutting treatment and cuttage, namely, a direct cutting method is adopted, the prepared base part of the cutting is placed in a liquid medicine diluted by 58 percent of carbendazim wettable powder and 700 times of the carbendazim wettable powder to be soaked for 35min for disinfection, then the base part is soaked in the prepared rooting agent for 15min, the cutting is inserted into a cutting medium according to the plant row spacing of 4cm × 6cm, the cutting depth is 1/2 of the cutting, the medium around the cutting is compacted after cuttage, water is watered in time, and the cutting bed is kept moist.
(7) Managing after the insertion: the humidity of the substrate is checked every day, and the spraying amount and the spraying times are adjusted according to the weather conditions. Spraying for 1 time every 35min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 1.5h in the nighttime within 7 days after cuttage. Within 10 days after cuttage, adventitious roots grow out from the base of the cutting, the spraying frequency is gradually reduced, the cutting is sprayed for 1 time every 2 hours in the day, and the cutting is sprayed for 1 time every 3.5 hours at night. Spraying for 2 times in the daytime within 20 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 7:30 in the morning and 3:30 in the afternoon; spraying for 1 time at the ratio of 9:30 in the day after cuttage within 45 days. Spraying 55% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 time and 900 times of liquid medicine for sterilization every 7 days after cuttage, and simultaneously cleaning browning and rotting cuttings appearing in a cutting bed in time to prevent breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. After 60 days, the euonymus alatus cutting shoots basically and uniformly root, the rooting rate reaches 97.2%, and the number of adventitious roots is 11-12 per plant.
Claims (10)
1. A cutting propagation method of euonymus alatus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) controlling the illumination intensity, relative humidity and temperature of the greenhouse with grown seedlings;
(2) preparing a cutting medium: the composition of cuttage matrix is sand soil, peat soil, garden soil and fertilizer, carries out sterilization to the matrix, wherein sand soil: peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (0-4): 1-5 in sequence, and the prepared cutting is obtained after the cutting of the seedlings in the step (1);
(3) cuttage: disinfecting the base part of the cutting shoot prepared in the step (2), soaking in a rooting agent, and cutting; and compacting the matrix around the cutting slips after cutting.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: controlling the illumination intensity to be 40-70% in the step (1); the relative humidity of the air is controlled to be 60-80%, and the temperature is controlled to be 22-28 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: controlling the illumination intensity to be 50-60% in the step (1); the relative humidity of the air is controlled to be 70-80%, and the temperature is controlled to be 26-28 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the sandy soil in the step (2): peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (2-4) to (1-3) in sequence.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the sandy soil in the step (2): peat soil: garden soil: the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer is (3-4): (2-4): (1-2): 2-3).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the substrate is sterilized and disinfected by using a potassium permanganate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4%, the disinfection time is 30-60 min, and cuttage is performed after the substrate is placed for 1-3 days; and (3) the disinfection is carried out by putting the mixture into liquid medicine which is diluted by 500-800 times and is 50-60% of carbendazim wettable powder, and soaking for 30-40 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: cutting collected euonymus alatus branches into cutting slips in the step (2), cutting an upper cut of the cutting slips into a flat opening, and cutting a lower cut into an oblique opening; the length of the cutting is 5-8 cm; the distance between the flat openings is 0.5-0.6 cm; the distance between the upper part of the bevel opening and the joint is 0.2-0.3 cm.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rooting agent in step (3) is prepared by dissolving 50-70mg of naphthylacetic acid and 50-30mg of indoleacetic acid in 10ml of 95-97% ethanol respectively, mixing the naphthylacetic acid and the indoleacetic acid, adding water to 1L, uniformly mixing, and then adding 5-8 g of vitamin B12, wherein the soaking time is 10-20 min.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the cuttage is carried out according to the plant row spacing (3.5-4.5) cm × (5.5-6.5) cm, and the cuttage depth is 1/3-1/2 of the cutting shoot.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: the steps further include post-insertion management: spraying for 1 time every 30-40 min in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 1-2 h at night within 6-8 days after cuttage; spraying for 1 time every 1-2 h in the daytime and spraying for 1 time every 3-4 h at night within 7-15 days after cuttage; spraying for 2-3 times in the daytime within 15-30 days after cuttage, wherein the spraying is not carried out at night when the time is 7:00-8:00 in the morning and 3:00-4:00 in the afternoon respectively; spraying for 1-2 times at a ratio of 9:00-10:00 in the daytime within 30-60 days after cuttage; spraying 50-60% carbendazim wettable powder once every 6-7 days after cuttage, diluting with 800-fold liquid medicine and sterilizing.
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