CN111296757A - 一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品及其制备方法。方法包括:将乌龙茶大叶进行粉碎处理,得到茶粉;得到茶粉水混合溶液,并密封;微波处理;将微波处理后的茶粉水混合溶液进行冷冻,然后解冻;将小麦粉、食盐和解冻后的茶粉水混合溶液混合均匀,打粉,得到面絮混合物;将所述面絮混合物挤压膨化,得到挤压面制品半成品;将所述挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、植物油混合均匀,得到挤压面制品。本发明改善了挤压面制品随着贮存时间的延长就会发生氧化,口感变硬,组织变得粗糙的问题;乌龙茶大叶粉颗粒在挤压膨化过程中不会产生膨化粘连,使产品形成了更多的微小孔洞,使产品的吸油率更好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,更具体地,涉及一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品及其制备方法。
背景技术
挤压面制品是一种即食食品,是中国发明且逐渐面向全球的一种休闲食品,目前,挤压面筋在市场上广受欢迎,产品品种类别繁多,味道鲜、咸、香、辣、油,口感十分丰富,价格低廉,从青少年儿童到成年人都喜爱购买食用。然而,新制作的挤压面制品会随着贮存时间的延长而产生氧化,口感变硬,内部组织也变得粗糙;挤压膨化度不够高的产品持油率低,紧实缺乏爆汁口感;单一的辛辣口感也不能更好的满足消费者的需求。因此,在不使用化学抗氧化剂的健康前提下,有必要提供一种有更好的抗氧化能力,更高的持油率,更丰富的食用口感的挤压面制品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决目前挤压面制品随着贮存时间的延长发生氧化现象,制品变硬,组织变得粗糙持油率降低,膨化程度低,口感单一的问题。提高挤压面制品的持油率,丰富挤压面制品的口感,提升挤压面制品产品质量。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的第一方面提供一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括:
(1)将乌龙茶大叶进行粉碎处理,过筛,得到茶粉;
(2)将茶粉与水混合,得到茶粉水混合溶液,并在惰性气体保护下密封;
(3)将密封后的茶粉水混合溶液进行微波处理;
(4)将微波处理后的茶粉水混合溶液进行冷冻,然后解冻;
(5)将小麦粉、食盐和解冻后的茶粉水混合溶液混合均匀,打粉,得到面絮混合物;
(6)将所述面絮混合物挤压膨化,得到挤压面制品半成品;
(7)将所述挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、植物油混合均匀,得到挤压面制品;
其中,所述乌龙茶大叶为乌龙茶叶经过选茶后不能用作茶叶的大叶部分。
作为优选方案,步骤(1)中,所述粉碎处理的转速为5000-6000r/min,进一步优选5200-5800r/min,时间为20-30s。
作为优选方案,步骤(1)中,所述茶粉的粒径为60-80目,进一步优选为65-75目。
作为优选方案,步骤(2)中,相对于1g茶粉,水的加入量为10-35mL,进一步优选为15-25mL,最优选为17-21mL。
根据本发明,所述水可以为本领域技术人员常规采用的实验用水,包括但不限于蒸馏水、去离子水、超纯水。
作为优选方案,步骤(2)中,所述在惰性气体保护下密封的步骤包括:在吹氮气环境下用不透气薄膜密封。该过程能有效减少茶粉混合溶液中的抗氧化物质流失。
作为优选方案,步骤(3)中,所述微波处理的微波功率为300-400W,时间为3-5min。在上述微波处理条件下,乌龙茶大叶中的细胞吸收能量,但其中活性成分不被破坏,部分茶多糖溶出,而大部分茶多糖还保存在细胞内。
作为优选方案,步骤(4)中,所述冷冻的温度为-20~-30℃。根据本发明,步骤(4)中,解冻可在常温下进行。冷冻再室温解冻的处理,能使茶粉混合溶液最大程度保存抗氧化物质,并在准备使用时解冻,细胞充分破碎溶出抗氧化物质。
作为优选方案,所述小麦粉为中筋小麦粉。所述中筋小麦粉优选为蛋白质的质量含量为8-11%,湿面筋值为25-35%的中筋小麦粉。
作为优选方案,步骤(5)中,以重量份数计,相对100份的小麦粉,茶粉水混合溶液的用量为30-40份,食盐的用量为4-8份。
根据本发明,通常采用单螺杆挤压膨化机进行挤压膨化。
根据本发明,步骤(7)中,挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、植物油的比例可根据需要进行调整。
作为优选方案,步骤(7)中,挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、植物油的重量比为50-120:10-15:8-12所述香辛料可选用本领域技术人员常规采用的香辛料,包括但不限于花椒、孜然、胡椒、香茅。
作为优选方案,所述香辛料各物质的质量比为花椒:孜然:胡椒:香茅=3-5:3-5:1-2:1-2。
本发明的第二方面提供由上述的制备方法制备得到的健康抗氧化挤压面制品。
作为优选方案,所述植物油包括但不限于花生油、大豆油、菜籽油。
本发明的技术方案具有如下有益效果:
1)本发明将乌龙茶大叶中溶出的茶多糖加以利用,茶多糖与小麦粉接触后消除了其中的活性自由基、消除非活性氧化因子、结合金属离子等,起到了一定的抗氧化作用。
2)本发明工艺使乌龙茶大叶粉在前期的处理中能最大程度保存好抗氧化物质,并在使用时最大程度释放抗氧化物质,还未溶出的抗氧化成分也能在挤压高温膨化的瞬间持续溶出,茶叶颗粒在后期拌料中持续缓慢溶出抗氧化成分,使产品具备抗氧化性。
3)本发明中,乌龙茶大叶粉颗粒在挤压膨化过程中不会产生膨化粘连,使产品形成了更多的微小孔洞,使产品的吸油率更好。
4)乌龙茶大叶在食用后会产生茶叶的回甘滋味,使挤压面制品口味更丰富乌龙茶叶粉中含有的膳食纤维,在经过挤压膨化后更容易被人体消化。
5)与传统挤压面制品相比,本发明的挤压面制品能够通过工艺使天然具备抗氧化性物质中的抗氧化成分溶出到产品中,改善了挤压面制品随着贮存时间的延长就会发生氧化,口感变硬,组织变得粗糙的问题,延缓了挤压面制品的老化,延长货架期,并提升产品质量。
6)本发明使用天然抗氧化性物质进行工艺设计,替代其中化学抗氧化添加剂的使用,有效降低挤压面制品加工工艺成本,使挤压面制品食用起来更健康。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
下面将更详细地描述本发明的优选实施方式。虽然以下描述了本发明的优选实施方式,然而应该理解,可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反,提供这些实施方式是为了使本发明更加透彻和完整,并且能够将本发明的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
本发明实施例中,采用的小麦粉为市售的蛋白质的质量含量为8-11%,湿面筋值为25-35%的中筋小麦粉。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品,具体制备方法如下:
(1)将乌龙茶大叶进行粉碎处理,过筛,得到粒径为65-75目的粉末状物质;
(2)将上述粉碎处理后的茶粉,加入蒸馏水,在吹氮气环境下用不透气薄膜密封;
(3)将密封后的茶粉水混合溶液进行微波处理;
(4)将微波处理后的茶粉水混合溶液放在低温下冷冻,再于室温解冻;
(5)将小麦粉和解冻后的茶粉水混合溶液、食盐混合均匀,进行打粉,得到面絮混合物;
(6)将面絮混合物用单螺杆挤压膨化机进行挤压膨化,得到挤压面制品半成品;
(7)将挤压面筋半成品、香辛料和菜籽油混合均匀,得到挤压面制品。
其中,步骤(1)中,粉碎转速为5500r/min,粉碎时间为25s。步骤(2)中,相对于1g茶粉,蒸馏水的加入量为18.75mL。步骤(3)中,微波功率为370W,微波时间为4min。步骤(4)中,冷冻低温为-25℃。步骤(5)中,以重量分数计,相对100份的小麦粉,茶粉水混合溶液的含量35份,食盐的含量为5份。步骤(7)中,挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、菜籽油的重量比为100:13:10,香辛料各物质的质量比为花椒:孜然:胡椒:香茅=3:3:1:1。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别为:步骤(2)中,相对于1g茶粉,蒸馏水的加入量为25mL。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1的区别为:步骤(2)中,相对于1g茶粉,蒸馏水的加入量为35mL。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种传统挤压面制品,具体制备方法如下:
(1)打粉:将水、食盐和单甘酯以一定比例搅拌混合均匀,加入到中筋小麦粉中进行打粉,得到面絮混合物;
(2)挤压熟化:将所述面絮混合物加入到单螺杆挤压机中进行挤压,得到面制品挤压半成品;
(3)将所述挤压面制品半成品、香辛料和植物油混合均匀,即可得到挤压面制品。
其中,步骤(1)中,以重量分数计,相对于140份的中筋小麦粉,水为30份,食盐为5份,单甘酯为1.2份。
对比例2
本对比例的挤压面制品的制备方法如下:
(1)打粉:将水、食盐和茶多糖以一定比例搅拌混合均匀,加入到中筋小麦粉中进行打粉,得到面絮混合物;
(2)挤压熟化:将所述面絮混合物加入到单螺杆挤压机中进行挤压,得到面制品挤压半成品;
(3)将所述挤压面制品半成品、香辛料和植物油混合均匀(比例与实施例1相同),即可得到挤压面制品。
其中,步骤(1)中,以重量分数计,相对于140份的中筋小麦粉,水为30份,茶多糖为4份,食盐为5份,单甘酯为2份。
测试例
将实施例和对比例进行品质分析,具体测试结果见表1。
其中,1.吸油率的测试方法为:称取2g挤压面制品半成品切分成若干个2-3cm的小段,再加入过量菜籽油,将挤压面制品半成品浸入菜籽油中,每10分钟振荡15s,待充分吸油半小时后,取出样品,放置在滤纸上吸出多余的菜籽油。将吸油后的样品放入15mL离心管中,以2000r/min的速度离心5min后称量样品质量。每种样品随机选取5根重复进行上述测量,取平均值。根据以下公式得到吸油率:
吸油率(%)=[离心后样品质量(g)-初始样品质量(g)]/[初始样品质量](g)
2.硬度得到测定方法为:随机选取挤压面制品半成品,取其中间段约30mm部分,将其放置于质构仪(P/5探头)下测定;试验参数设定如下:测前速度:1.5mm/s,测试速度:1.5mm/s,测后速度:1.5mm/s,压缩比:65%,触发力:5gf,两次压缩间隔时间:6.0s。
3.水分含量测定:参照GB/T 5009.3-2016标准中的直接干燥法。
表1
名称 | 吸油率/% | 硬度/gf | 水分含量/% |
实施例1 | 88 | 312 | 25.2 |
实施例2 | 83 | 340 | 24.8 |
实施例3 | 79 | 365 | 23.9 |
对比例1 | 70 | 427 | 22.6 |
对比例2 | 72 | 360 | 23.5 |
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例,上述说明是示例性的,并非穷尽性的,并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。
Claims (10)
1.一种健康抗氧化挤压面制品的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括:
(1)将乌龙茶大叶进行粉碎处理,过筛,得到茶粉;
(2)将茶粉与水混合,得到茶粉水混合溶液,并在惰性气体保护下密封;
(3)将密封后的茶粉水混合溶液进行微波处理;
(4)将微波处理后的茶粉水混合溶液进行冷冻,然后解冻;
(5)将小麦粉、食盐和解冻后的茶粉水混合溶液混合均匀,打粉,得到面絮混合物;
(6)将所述面絮混合物挤压膨化,得到挤压面制品半成品;
(7)将所述挤压面制品半成品与香辛料、植物油混合均匀,得到挤压面制品;
其中,所述乌龙茶大叶为乌龙茶叶经过选茶后不能用作茶叶的大叶部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(1)中,所述粉碎处理的转速为5000-6000r/min,时间为20-30s。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(1)中,所述茶粉的粒径为60-80目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)中,相对于1g茶粉,水的加入量为10-35mL。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)中,所述在惰性气体保护下密封的步骤包括:在吹氮气环境下用不透气薄膜密封。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(3)中,所述微波处理的微波功率为300-400W,时间为3-5min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(4)中,所述冷冻的温度为-20~-30℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,所述小麦粉为中筋小麦粉。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(5)中,以重量份数计,相对100份的小麦粉,茶粉水混合溶液的用量为30-40份,食盐的用量为4-8份。
10.由权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的健康抗氧化挤压面制品。
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