CN111264271A - Planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera - Google Patents
Planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing base soil: collecting the waste material of selenium-rich agricultural products, crushing, mixing with slurry, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, drying and crushing; then, screening seedlings and land parcels, digging holes, filling soil, planting, paving a degradable film in the side wall of each hole, and paving base soil on the film for planting; then carrying out planting management, applying growth fertilizer to the roots of the planted seedlings, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when the seedlings have flower bud differentiation, and waiting for the seedlings to flower and bear fruits; and finally, picking the fruits, naturally drying for 2-5 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, drying to obtain tea seeds, and treating the tea seeds for oil pressing. The planting method can plant the camellia oleifera with higher selenium content, can recover the selenium which is possibly wasted in selenium-rich agricultural products, and realizes efficient and cyclic conversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera.
Background
Camellia oleifera, (latin character camellia oleifera abel.) alternative name: tea tree, tea oil tree, and white flower tea; camellia oleifera belongs to Theaceae, and is a evergreen small arbor. Its seed can be used for extracting oil (tea oil) for eating, so its name is. The tea oil is clear in color, delicious, rich in nutrition and long in storage life, is high-quality edible oil, and the fruit peel is a raw material for extracting tannin extract.
Selenium is a trace element necessary for the growth and development of human bodies, and has important significance for preventing and treating diseases, promoting health and preventing aging. Selenium element can not be synthesized in human body, and the total content of selenium in human body is 6-20 mg. Selenium is distributed throughout tissues, organs and body fluids, and has the highest concentration in kidneys, so that the selenium-enriched kidney-nourishing tea is very important for improving immunity and preventing cancers. When selenium is deficient, the immune ability of human body is easily reduced, more than forty diseases threatening human health and life are related to selenium deficiency of human body, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, cataract, pancreatic disease, diabetes, reproductive system disease and other symptoms. Normally, the total daily requirement of each person is that Chinese adults supplement more than 25 micrograms of selenium with food every day, so that the Chinese adults have a health-care effect; the selenium-deficient adults can supplement more than 75 micrograms of selenium with food every day.
Therefore, it is necessary to find a planting method capable of planting the selenium-rich camellia oleifera.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the planting problem of the selenium-rich camellia oleifera, the selenium-rich camellia oleifera can be planted with high selenium content, is convenient to plant, and has the advantages of simple operation, high yield and good economic benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, crushing, adding the crushed waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully and uniformly stirring, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously and uniformly stirring, drying and crushing to obtain dry substrate soil;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning the land loose and drying in the sun for later use;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of base soil prepared in the step (1) on the film, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, mixing the base soil and the common soil, and backfilling the mixture to plant the seedlings;
(4) planting management: applying growth fertilizer to the roots of the planted seedlings, keeping watering and planting, properly thinning branches when the branches and buds of the seedlings are differentiated so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when the seedlings are differentiated, and dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering until the soluble selenium blooms and fruits;
(5) harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 2-5 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at low temperature to crack the fruits naturally, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, and independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction.
Further, in the step (1), the waste of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprises oil residues and fruit peels of the selenium-rich camellia oleifera, fruit peels and fruit kernels of the selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of the selenium-rich paddy rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of the fish pond.
Further, in the step (2), the selected plots have the humus content of more than 25 percent, the soil layer thickness of 35-50cm, and the pH value of the soil is 5.5-6.5.
Further, in the step (3), the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, all the holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb vertexes, each hole is in an inverted cone shape, the base soil is laid on the side wall, the bottoms of the holes are hollowed, and the bottoms of the films are also left empty.
Further, the depth of the dug hole is 30-50cm, the thickness of the soil on the substrate is 3-10cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film.
Further, in the step (4), watering is carried out once a day before field planting, watering is carried out once every 3-5 days after field planting, the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil.
Furthermore, the growth fertilizer contains 0.25kg of nitrogenous fertilizer per plant, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.3kg of potash fertilizer per plant, 0.25kg of nitrogenous fertilizer per plant in the fruit setting fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.2kg of potash fertilizer per plant and 1-2kg of organic selenium fertilizer per plant.
Further, in the step (5), the drying temperature is 40-70 ℃, the drying time of the fruits is 6-20 hours, and the drying time of the tea seeds is 10-24 hours.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the selenium content in the planting of the selenium-rich products of the traditional method is slowly absorbed, and the selenium in the wastes of the selenium-rich agricultural products can not be fully recycled, so that the method is relatively wasteful. The selenium-rich content of the camellia oleifera planted by the planting method is high, selenium in wastes of selenium-rich agricultural products is fully recycled and used as a fertilizer, the camellia oleifera is absorbed again and enters the camellia oleifera, and the selenium is recycled, so that a grower can obtain the best economic benefit.
(2) The planting method of the invention is characterized in that the prepared substrate soil is filled into the bottom of the planting pit, and the fertilizer is prepared by mixing sludge at the bottom of the fish pond with selenium-rich waste materials, so that a good fertilizer substrate can be formed, the fertilizer is rich in microorganisms and organic matters, and a degradable film is arranged around the pit to prevent peripheral weed bottom roots from absorbing the fertilizer, thereby ensuring that all the fertilizer and water are absorbed by the tea-oil trees within the range of pouring all the fertilizer and water in the film enclosure.
(3) The planting method can plant the camellia oleifera with higher selenium content, can recover the selenium which is possibly wasted in selenium-rich agricultural products, realizes efficient and cyclic conversion, has simple operation steps, is easy to plant and can be widely popularized.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting and crushing waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, adding the waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully stirring the waste materials and the slurry uniformly, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously stirring the mixture uniformly, drying and crushing the mixture to obtain dry substrate soil, wherein the waste materials of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprise oil residues and fruit peels of selenium-rich oil tea, fruit peels and fruit kernels of selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of selenium-rich rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of a fishpond;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 35cm, and the pH value of the soil is 5.5;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of base soil prepared in the step (1) on the film, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, backfilling the mixture of the base soil and the common soil, planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, the distribution of all the holes is honeycomb-shaped, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb-shaped vertexes, each hole is inverted cone-shaped, the base soil is paved on the side wall, the bottom of each hole is hollowed, the bottom of the laid film is also left empty, the depth of each dug hole is 30cm, the thickness of the base soil is 3cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film;
(4) planting management: applying growth fertilizer to the roots of the planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, properly thinning branches when the branches and buds of the seedlings are differentiated so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when the seedlings are differentiated, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when the seedlings blossom and bear fruits, and watering once every 3 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer and 1-2kg of organic selenium fertilizer. (ii) a
(5) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 2 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 40 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 6 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 10 hours.
Example 2
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting and crushing waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, adding the waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully stirring the waste materials and the slurry uniformly, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously stirring the mixture uniformly, drying and crushing the mixture to obtain dry substrate soil, wherein the waste materials of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprise oil residues and fruit peels of selenium-rich oil tea, fruit peels and fruit kernels of selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of selenium-rich rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of a fishpond;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 50cm, and the pH value of the soil is 6.5;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of base soil prepared in the step (1) on the film, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, backfilling the mixture of the base soil and the common soil, planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, the distribution of all the holes is honeycomb-shaped, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb-shaped vertexes, each hole is inverted cone-shaped, the base soil is paved on the side wall, the bottom of each hole is hollowed, the bottom of the laid film is also hollow, the depth of each dug hole is 50cm, the thickness of the base soil is 10cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film;
(4) planting management: the method comprises the steps of applying growth fertilizer to roots of planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, properly thinning branches when branch bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when flower bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when flowering and fruiting are performed, and watering once every 5 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer per plant, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer per plant, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer per plant in the fruit setting fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer per plant and 2kg of organic selenium fertilizer per plant. (ii) a
(5) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 5 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 70 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 20 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 24 hours.
Example 3
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting and crushing waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, adding the waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully stirring the waste materials and the slurry uniformly, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously stirring the mixture uniformly, drying and crushing the mixture to obtain dry substrate soil, wherein the waste materials of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprise oil residues and fruit peels of selenium-rich oil tea, fruit peels and fruit kernels of selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of selenium-rich rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of a fishpond;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 45cm, and the pH value of the soil is 6;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of base soil prepared in the step (1) on the film, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, backfilling the mixture of the base soil and the common soil, planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, the distribution of all the holes is honeycomb-shaped, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb-shaped vertexes, each hole is inverted cone-shaped, the base soil is paved on the side wall, the bottom of each hole is hollowed, the bottom of the laid film is also left empty, the depth of each dug hole is 40cm, the thickness of the base soil is 6cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film;
(4) planting management: the method comprises the steps of applying growth fertilizer to roots of planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, properly thinning branches when branch bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when flower bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when flowering and fruiting are performed, and watering once every 4 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer and 2kg of organic selenium fertilizer. (ii) a
(5) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 4 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 12 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 18 hours.
Example 4
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 44cm, and the pH value of the soil is 6;
(2) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in a selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of soil on the film, putting seedlings, mixing the soil, backfilling and planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the holes is equal, the holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb vertexes, each hole is in an inverted cone shape, the bottom of each hole is hollowed, the bottom of the film is reserved with a hollow space, the depth of each hole is 40cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film;
(3) planting management: the method comprises the steps of applying growth fertilizer to roots of planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, properly thinning branches when branch bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when flower bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when flowering and fruiting are performed, and watering once every 4 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer and 2kg of organic selenium fertilizer. (ii) a
(4) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 4 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 12 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 18 hours.
Example 5
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting and crushing waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, adding the waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully stirring the waste materials and the slurry uniformly, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously stirring the mixture uniformly, drying and crushing the mixture to obtain dry substrate soil, wherein the waste materials of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprise oil residues and fruit peels of selenium-rich oil tea, fruit peels and fruit kernels of selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of selenium-rich rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of a fishpond;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 45cm, and the pH value of the soil is 6;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a layer of prepared base soil in the holes, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, mixing the base soil and the common soil, backfilling and planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, the distribution of all the holes is in a honeycomb shape, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb vertexes, each hole is in an inverted cone shape, the base soil is laid on the side wall, the bottoms of the holes are hollowed, the dug depth is 40cm, and the thickness of the base soil is 8 cm;
(4) planting management: the method comprises the steps of applying growth fertilizer to roots of planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, appropriately thinning branches when branch bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when flower bud differentiation occurs on the seedlings, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when flowering and fruiting are achieved, and watering once every 3-5 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer in the growth fertilizer, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer in each plant, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer in each plant, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer in the fruit setting fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer in each plant, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer in each plant, and 2kg of organic selenium fertilizer in each plant. (ii) a
(5) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 4 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 12 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 18 hours.
Example 6
A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning and drying the land for later use, wherein the humus content of the selected land block exceeds 25%, the thickness of the soil layer is 45cm, and the pH value of the soil is 6;
(2) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, putting seedlings, backfilling and planting the seedlings, wherein the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, all the holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape, the holes are distributed at the central points of six vertexes of the honeycomb shape, each hole is in an inverted cone shape, and the depth of the dug hole is 40 cm;
(4) planting management: applying growth fertilizer to the roots of the planted seedlings, keeping watering and field planting, properly thinning branches when the branches and buds of the seedlings are differentiated so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when the seedlings are differentiated, dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering, watering once a day before field planting when the seedlings blossom and bear fruits, and watering once every 4 days after field planting, wherein the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.3kg of potassium fertilizer, 0.25kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.2kg of potassium fertilizer and 1-2kg of organic selenium fertilizer. (ii) a
(5) Harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 4 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at a low temperature to naturally crack the fruits, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, the baking time of the fruits is 12 hours, and the baking time of the tea seeds is 18 hours.
In each of examples 1 to 6, the same camellia seeds planted in the same species were randomly selected and weighed after being harvested, and the seed content after supporting the camellia oil was detected, and the specific data is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 data for the plant products in the examples
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the high-yield selenium-rich camellia oleifera can be obtained by planting in examples 1, 2 and 3 completely according to the steps of the present application, while the high-yield selenium-rich camellia oleifera can be obtained by planting in examples 4 without preparing and using substrate soil, without using a thin film in example 5, and without using substrate soil or laying a thin film in example 6, so that the yield and the selenium content in the camellia oleifera are low, and therefore, the high-yield selenium-rich camellia oleifera can be obtained only by planting completely according to the method of the present application.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing base soil: collecting waste materials of selenium-rich agricultural products, crushing, adding the crushed waste materials and slurry into a stirring barrel, fully and uniformly stirring, adding a small amount of compound fertilizer, continuously and uniformly stirring, drying and crushing to obtain dry substrate soil;
(2) and (3) screening seedlings and plots: screening healthy and strong oil tea seedlings, selecting a land block with deep soil, looseness, good drainage, sufficient sunlight and gradient of less than 30 ℃, turning the land loose and drying in the sun for later use;
(3) digging holes and filling soil for planting: digging holes in the selected land, paving a degradable film on the side wall of each hole, paving a layer of base soil prepared in the step (1) on the film, paving a layer of common soil, putting seedlings, mixing the base soil and the common soil, and backfilling the mixture to plant the seedlings;
(4) planting management: applying growth fertilizer to the roots of the planted seedlings, keeping watering and planting, properly thinning branches when the branches and buds of the seedlings are differentiated so as to keep ventilation, applying fruit setting fertilizer and adding soluble selenium when the seedlings are differentiated, and dissolving a small amount of soluble selenium in water when watering until the soluble selenium blooms and fruits;
(5) harvesting: picking fruits, naturally drying for 2-5 days, transferring the fruits into an oven, baking at low temperature to crack the fruits naturally, taking out the fruits, filtering to obtain tea seeds, and independently baking the tea seeds to be completely dry for oil extraction.
2. The method for efficiently planting passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region in summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (1), the waste of the selenium-rich agricultural products comprises oil residues and fruit peels of the selenium-rich camellia oleifera, fruit peels and fruit stones of the selenium-rich fruits and bran coats of the selenium-rich paddy rice, and the slurry is sludge slurry at the bottom of the fishpond.
3. The method for efficiently planting passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region in summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (2), the selected plots have the humus content of more than 25 percent, the soil layer thickness of 35-50cm, and the pH value of the soil is 5.5-6.5.
4. The method for efficiently planting passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region in summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (3), the distance between two adjacent holes in the dug holes is equal, all the holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape, the holes are distributed at the central points of six honeycomb vertexes, each hole is in an inverted cone shape, the base soil is laid on the side wall, the bottoms of the holes are hollowed, and the bottoms of the films are also left empty.
5. The efficient summer planting method for passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the depth of the dug hole is 30-50cm, the thickness of the soil on the substrate is 3-10cm, and the film is a polyethylene degradable film.
6. The method for efficiently planting passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region in summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (4), watering is carried out once a day before field planting, watering is carried out once every 3-5 days after field planting, the growth fertilizer and the soluble fertilizer are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the soluble selenium is selenium or organic selenium fertilizer extracted from natural selenium-rich soil.
7. The efficient summer planting method for passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region according to claim 6, is characterized in that: 0.25kg of nitrogenous fertilizer per plant, 0.1kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.3kg of potash fertilizer per plant, 0.25kg of nitrogenous fertilizer per plant, 0.3kg of phosphate fertilizer per plant, 0.2kg of potash fertilizer per plant and 1-2kg of organic selenium fertilizer per plant in the fruit setting fertilizer.
8. The method for efficiently planting passion fruit in southwestern osmanthus region in summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (5), the drying temperature is 40-70 ℃, the drying time of the fruits is 6-20 hours, and the drying time of the tea seeds is 10-24 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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