CN111223768B - 低压cmos器件的制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低压CMOS器件的制作方法,包括以下步骤:在半导体基片上形成衬底区;在半导体基片上制作STI;在衬底区的上表面制作闸极;在半导体基片的上表面设置光胶,以形成透射区和阻挡区,透射区与低压阱的位置相对应;低能量注入第一掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成表面超导层;大角度注入第二掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成低压LDD晕环;高能量注入第二掺杂离子,使第二掺杂离子穿透闸极和STI,以在衬底区形成低压阱。本发明采用Halo注入结合高能注入,使用同一光罩实现低压阱和LDD晕环的制作,减少了光罩的数量,节省了成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于半导体器件制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种低压CMOS(ComplementaryMetal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体)器件的制作方法。
背景技术
Halo注入(晕环注入,一种半导体器件制造工艺)广泛应用于0.18微米低压(例如,1.8伏)CMOS器件的制作,主要原理是在LDD(轻掺杂漏区)注入中加入相反类型的掺杂以抑制短沟道效应。
在采用Halo注入工艺制作低压CMOS器件的过程中,以图1所示的低压CMOS器件为例,为了制作低压p阱101和第一LDD晕环103,需要分别设置相对应的光罩。同样地,为了制作低压n阱102和第二LDD晕环104,也需要分别设置对应的光罩。
图2-6示出了制造图1所示的低压CMOS器件的部分结构的制作流程。如图2所示,在半导体基片上形成p型衬底11,并制作STI(浅沟槽隔离)12。然后,如图3所示,沿箭头所示方向向p型衬底中注入杂质离子,形成低压p阱101。其中第一光胶13用于阻挡硼注入。该步骤需要设置阱光罩。然后,如图4所示,形成氧化层14和闸极15。接下来,参照图5,低能量注入杂质离子,形成表面超导层17,然后,沿箭头所示方向大角度注入杂质离子,形成第一LDD晕环103。该步骤中需要设置LDD光罩。低压n阱102、第二LDD晕环104等结构的制作也类似,在此不再赘述。
而每一块光罩都需要较高的成本。现有技术的低压CMOS器件的制造流程中,需要分别设置阱光罩和LDD光罩,以图1所示的低压CMOS器件为例,为制作低压p阱、第一LDD晕环、低压n阱、第二LDD晕环,需要4块光罩,成本较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中的低压CMOS器件的制造流程中,需要分别设置阱光罩和LDD光罩,成本较高的缺陷,提供一种能够减少光罩数量进而降低成本的低压CMOS器件的制作方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题:
本发明提供了一种低压CMOS器件的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
在半导体基片上形成衬底区;
在半导体基片上制作STI;
在衬底区的上表面制作闸极;
在半导体基片的上表面设置光胶,以形成透射区和阻挡区,透射区与低压阱的位置相对应;
低能量注入第一掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成表面超导层;
大角度注入第二掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成低压LDD晕环;
高能量注入第二掺杂离子,使第二掺杂离子穿透闸极和STI,以在衬底区形成低压阱。
较佳地,光胶的厚度与低压阱的深度相适应。
较佳地,第二掺杂离子为硼离子。
较佳地,在大角度注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,第二掺杂离子的掺杂浓度为1.8E13/立方厘米~2.4E13/立方厘米,注入深度为0.15~0.21微米。
较佳地,在高能量注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,第二掺杂离子的掺杂浓度为3.8E12/立方厘米~4.2E12/立方厘米,注入深度为0.8~1.2微米。
较佳地,第一掺杂离子为砷离子。
较佳地,砷离子的掺杂浓度为5.5E14/立方厘米~6.1E14/立方厘米,注入深度为0.021~0.031微米。
较佳地,在大角度注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,注入角度为27~33度。
较佳地,在高能量注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,注入角度为5~9度。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明采用Halo注入结合高能注入,使用同一光罩实现低压阱和LDD晕环的制作,减少了光罩的数量,降低了成本。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的一种低压CMOS器件的结构示意图。
图2为现有技术的一种低压CMOS器件的制造流程中制作STI的步骤的示意图。
图3为现有技术的一种低压CMOS器件的制造流程中制作低压p阱的步骤的示意图。
图4为现有技术的一种低压CMOS器件的制造流程中制作闸极的步骤的示意图。
图5为现有技术的一种低压CMOS器件的制造流程中制作第一LDD晕环的步骤的示意图。
图6为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的流程图。
图7为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作STI的步骤的示意图。
图8为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作闸极的步骤的示意图。
图9为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的设置改进的光胶的步骤的示意图。
图10为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作表面超导层的步骤的示意图。
图11为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作第一LDD晕环的步骤的示意图。
图12为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作改进的低压p阱的步骤的示意图。
图13为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作n型重掺杂区并进行电极合金化的步骤的示意图。
图14为本发明的一较佳实施例的低压CMOS器件的制作方法的制作该低压CMOS器件的剩余部分的步骤的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过一较佳实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
本实施例提供一种低压CMOS器件的制作方法,参照图6,该制作方法包括以下步骤:
步骤S301、在半导体基片上形成衬底区;在半导体基片上制作STI。具体如图7所示,在半导体基片上形成p型衬底11(衬底区),并制作STI12。
步骤S302、在衬底区的上表面制作闸极。具体如图8所示,在p型衬底11的上表面形成氧化层14和闸极15。与现有技术不同,本实施例在制作STI之后,直接制作闸极,不进行低压p阱的制作,因此,省略了制作低压p阱所需要的阱光罩,降低了成本;并且省略了根据阱光罩的图形设置光胶的步骤,节省了工时。
步骤S303、在半导体基片的上表面设置光胶,以形成透射区和阻挡区,透射区与低压阱的位置相对应。具体参照图9,根据第一光罩的图形,在半导体基片的上表面设置改进的光胶161,以形成透射区和阻挡区,阻挡区为设置有改进的光胶161的区域。图中以虚线表征了透射区的范围与将要制作的低压p阱的范围相对应。改进的光胶161的厚度D1与将要制作的低压p阱的深度D2相适应,改进的光胶161能够避免杂质离子进入半导体基片中与阻挡区相对应的STI的下方的区域。本领域技术人员根据该低压CMOS器件的性能要求和所采用的光胶的阻挡系数能够对D1与D2的数值进行合理设置。
步骤S304、低能量注入第一掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成表面超导层。如图10所示,沿箭头所示方向p型衬底11低能量注入砷离子(第一掺杂离子),以在p型衬底11形成表面超导层17。低能量注入是本领域技术术语,本领域技术人员清楚低能量注入所采用的能量范围。在本实施例中,低能量注入砷离子时,掺杂浓度为5.8E14/立方厘米,注入深度为0.025微米,注入角度为7度。在其他可选的实施方式中,在步骤304中,掺杂浓度可选范围为5.5E14/立方厘米~6.1E14/立方厘米,注入深度可选范围为0.021~0.031微米,注入角度可选范围为5~9度。
步骤S305、大角度注入第二掺杂离子,以在衬底区形成低压LDD晕环。具体参照图11,沿箭头所示方向大角度注入硼离子(第二掺杂离子),形成第一LDD晕环103。大角度注入是本领域技术术语,本领域技术人员清楚大角度注入所采用的角度的范围。在本实施例中,大角度注入硼离子时,掺杂浓度为2.1E13/立方厘米,注入深度为0.18微米,注入角度为30度。在其他可选的实施方式中,在步骤305中,掺杂浓度可选范围为1.8E13/立方厘米~2.4E13/立方厘米,注入深度可选范围为0.15~0.21微米,注入角度可选范围为27~33度。
步骤S306、高能量注入第二掺杂离子,使第二掺杂离子穿透闸极和STI,以在衬底区形成低压阱。参照图12,沿箭头所示方向向p型衬底中注入硼离子,使硼离子穿透闸极15、氧化层14和STI的与透射区相对应的区域,以在p型衬底中形成改进的低压p阱111。高能量注入是本领域技术术语,本领域技术人员清楚高能量注入所采用的能量范围。在本实施例中,高能量注入硼离子时,掺杂浓度为4.0E12/立方厘米,注入深度为1微米,注入角度为7度。在其他可选的实施方式中,在步骤306中,掺杂浓度可选范围为3.8E12/立方厘米~4.2E12/立方厘米,注入深度可选范围为0.8~1.2微米,注入角度可选范围为5~9度。
因为改进的光胶161的厚度D1与将要制作的低压p阱的深度D2相适应,所以,高能量注入硼离子时,硼离子被改进的光胶161阻挡,不会进入半导体基片中与阻挡区相对应的STI的下方的区域,也即,不会进入半导体基片中处于改进的光胶161下方的区域。另外,由于闸极15、氧化层14的阻挡,改进的低压p阱111中与闸极15、氧化层14的区域相对应的区域的深度稍小,但不影响该低压CMOS器件的性能。
然后,参照图13,制作n型重掺杂区18,并进行电极合金化。
在前述步骤中,只需要一块光罩(第一光罩),即可完成表面超导层17、第一LDD晕环103、改进的低压p阱111的制作。相比于现有技术,省略了一块光罩,降低了成本。
接下来,参照图14,制作该低压CMOS器件的剩余部分,剩余部分包括第二LDD晕环104、改进的低压n阱112。具体制作流程可以参照前述步骤,此处不再赘述。在剩余部分的制作流程中,也能够节省一块光罩,降低成本。
本实施例采用Halo注入结合高能注入,使用同一光罩实现低压阱和LDD晕环的制作,减少了光罩的数量,降低了成本。
本实施例以一个具体的低压CMOS器件为例,对本发明的低压CMOS器件的制作方法进行了说明。但本发明的低压CMOS器件的制作方法并不限于该具体的低压CMOS器件的制造,本发明的低压CMOS器件的制作方法还可以适用于具有类似结构的低压CMOS器件的制造。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,这些仅是举例说明,本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下,可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改,但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在半导体基片上形成衬底区;
在所述半导体基片上制作STI;
在所述衬底区的上表面制作闸极;
在所述半导体基片的上表面设置光胶,以形成透射区和阻挡区,所述透射区与低压阱的位置相对应;
低能量注入第一掺杂离子,以在所述衬底区形成表面超导层;
大角度注入第二掺杂离子,以在所述衬底区形成低压LDD晕环;
高能量注入所述第二掺杂离子,使所述第二掺杂离子穿透所述闸极和所述STI,以在所述衬底区形成所述低压阱;
其中,所述光胶的厚度与所述低压阱的深度相适应。
2.如权利要求1所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,所述第二掺杂离子为硼离子。
3.如权利要求2所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述大角度注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,所述第二掺杂离子的掺杂浓度为1.8E13/立方厘米~2.4E13/立方厘米,注入深度为0.15~0.21微米。
4.如权利要求2所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述高能量注入所述第二掺杂离子的步骤中,所述第二掺杂离子的掺杂浓度为3.8E12/立方厘米~4.2E12/立方厘米,注入深度为0.8~1.2微米。
5.如权利要求1所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,所述第一掺杂离子为砷离子。
6.如权利要求5所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,所述砷离子的掺杂浓度为5.5E14/立方厘米~6.1E14/立方厘米,注入深度为0.021~0.031微米。
7.如权利要求3所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述大角度注入第二掺杂离子的步骤中,注入角度为27~33度。
8.如权利要求4所述的低压CMOS器件的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述高能量注入所述第二掺杂离子的步骤中,注入角度为5~9度。
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