CN111196143B - 用于混合动力车辆的前舱的布局结构 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆的前舱的布局结构 Download PDF

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CN111196143B
CN111196143B CN201911042682.1A CN201911042682A CN111196143B CN 111196143 B CN111196143 B CN 111196143B CN 201911042682 A CN201911042682 A CN 201911042682A CN 111196143 B CN111196143 B CN 111196143B
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vehicle
pcu
layout structure
engine
ecu
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CN111196143A (zh
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丸川直起
岩田秀一
失口宽
岸本直之
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/082—Engine compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0411—Arrangement in the front part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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Abstract

提供一种用于混合动力车辆的前舱的布局结构。前舱设置有发动机、空气滤清器、散热器、储罐、马达单元、辅助电池和EFI‑ECU。发动机、储罐、马达单元和EFI‑ECU在车辆的宽度方向上对准。空气滤清器和辅助电池也在车辆的宽度方向上对准。空气滤清器位于马达单元的前方。马达单元包括电力控制单元和驱动桥。空气滤清器位于电力控制单元的前方。辅助电池位于马达单元的斜向左前方。

Description

用于混合动力车辆的前舱的布局结构
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开根据35U.S.C.§119要求于2018年11月19日申请的日本专利申请第2018-216667号的优先权。该申请的全部内容以引用方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及混合动力车辆(下文也称为“HV车辆”)的前舱的布局结构。
背景技术
JP2018-001810A公开了在HV车辆碰撞的情形下保护线束以免损坏的布局结构。线束连接电力控制单元(下文也称为“PCU”)和混合动力控制器(下文也称为“HV控制器”)。PCU包括使高压电池中的电流平滑的电容器。HV控制器在HV车辆碰撞的情形中将放电命令传输到PCU以使电容器放电。
线束和PCU在PCU的上表面上并且也在HV车辆的后侧上连接到彼此。通过在此位置中连接线束和PCU，能够在HV车辆碰撞的情形中防止线束受到损坏。
然而，上文所述的布局强调放电命令的可靠传输，并且不直接防止对作为高压部件的PCU的损坏。因此，从这个观点来说，需要改进。
本公开解决了上述问题，并且本公开的一个目的是提供一种能够在HV车辆碰撞的情形中防止PCU受到损坏的技术。
发明内容
第一方面是用于HV车辆的前舱的布局结构。
前舱设置有发动机、驱动桥(transaxle)、PCU、低压电池和车辆部件。
驱动桥被构造成容纳用于行驶的马达。
PCU设置在驱动桥的上表面上。
PCU被配置成控制用于行驶的马达与高压电池之间的电力的传输。
车辆部件的刚度低于PCU的刚度。
发动机和驱动桥在车辆的宽度方向上对准。
车辆部件和低压电池在车辆的宽度方向上在PCU的前方对准。
车辆部件位于PCU的前方。
低压电池相比车辆部件位于HV车辆的外侧。
第二方面进一步在第一方面中具有以下特征。
车辆部件是发动机的空气滤清器。
第三方面进一步在第一方面中具有以下特征。
车辆部件是用于冷却发动机和PCU的冷却剂的储罐。
第四方面进一步在第二方面中具有以下特征。
PCU在驱动桥的上表面上与驱动桥集成。
被配置成控制HV车辆和/或发动机的控制单元被设置在PCU的上表面上。
第五方面进一步在第三方面中具有以下特征。
PCU在驱动桥的上表面上与驱动桥集成。
被配置成控制HV车辆和/或发动机的控制单元设置在PCU的上表面上。
第六方面进一步在第一方面中具有以下特征。
车辆部件是用于控制HV车辆和/或发动机的控制单元。
根据第一方面，车辆部件布置在PCU的前方，而低压电池布置在PCU的前方并还布置在HV车辆的外侧。因此，在HV车辆的迎面碰撞中，碰撞能量由车辆部件吸收。在HV车辆的斜前方碰撞中，碰撞能量由低压电池吸收。此外，根据第一方面，车辆部件的刚度低于PCU的刚度。因此，即使吸收碰撞能量的车辆部件后退，也能够通过与车辆部件的接触而减小PCU所经受的冲击。因此，可以在HV车辆碰撞的情形中防止PCU受到损坏。
根据第二、第三或第六方面，在HV车辆碰撞的情形中，能够通过空气滤清器、储罐或控制单元防止PCU受到损坏。根据第三方面，能够减小储罐与PCU之间的距离。因此，能够缩短连接储罐和PCU的用于冷却的软管并降低其原始成本。根据第六方面，能够减小控制单元与PCU之间的距离。因此，能够缩短线束并降低其原始成本。
根据第四或第五方面，当空气滤清器或储罐布置在PCU的前方时，能够缩短控制单元与PCU之间的距离。因此，能够缩短线束并降低其原始成本。
附图说明
图1是应用有根据本公开的第一实施例的布局结构的前舱的示意性俯视图；
图2是马达单元的左侧面及其周围的示意图；
图3是应用有根据本公开的第二实施例的布局结构的前舱的示意性俯视图；
图4是马达单元的左侧面及其周围的示意图；
图5是应用有根据本公开的第三实施例的布局结构的前舱的示意性俯视图；
图6是马达单元的左侧面及其周围的示意图；
图7是应用有根据本公开的第四实施例的布局结构的前舱的示意性俯视图；以及
图8是马达单元的左侧面及其周围的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中，将参照附图来描述本公开的实施例。应注意的是，相同附图标记附加到相应附图中的相同元件，并且重复描述被省略。
1.第一实施例
首先，将参照图1和图2来解释第一实施例的布局结构。在附图中，坐标系的F轴表示HV车辆的车辆的长度方向(即，纵向方向)。坐标系的W轴表示车辆的宽度方向(即，水平方向)。坐标系的H轴表示竖直方向。
1.1HV车辆的主要部件的构造
图1是应用有根据第一实施例的布局结构的HV车辆1中的前舱的示意性俯视图。在图1中，仅描绘了与布局结构高度相关的主要部件。HV车辆1包括发动机10、空气滤清器12、散热器14、储罐16、马达单元20、高压电池30、辅助电池32、HV-ECU(混合动力电子控制单元)40和EFI-ECU(发动机的电子控制单元)42。
发动机10是内燃发动机，其中由燃烧混合气体产生的热能转化成用于例如活塞等移动体的动能，因此输出了HV车辆1的驱动力。混合气体由从空气滤清器12吸入的空气以及供应到发动机10的燃料构成。发动机10的燃料的示例包括汽油、轻质油和氢燃料。发动机10的输出轴(未示出)在车辆宽度方向上连接到驱动力分配机构(未示出)。
散热器14形成冷却发动机10和PCU的冷却剂的循环系统的一部分。散热器14与在循环系统中的流动的冷却剂交换热。随着冷却剂的温度上升并且其体积膨胀，过量冷却剂被递送到储罐16。随着冷却剂的温度下降并且其体积收缩，冷却剂从储罐16返回。
马达单元20具有机电一体结构，在该机电一体结构中PCU和驱动桥(下文也称为“T/A”)由螺杆直接紧固。图2是马达单元20的左侧面及其周围的示意图。如图2中所示，马达单元20包括PCU 22和T/A 24。T/A 24包括两个用于驱动的电动/发电机25和26、差速齿轮27和驱动力分配机构。在下文中，电动/发电机也称为“M/G”。
当从车辆宽度方向观察时，M/G 25的轴线25a、M/G 26的轴线26a以及差速齿轮27的轴线27a被布置成三角形。利用此布置，T/A 24的上表面24a向前降低。PCU 22固定在上表面24a上。PCU 22的底表面22a以与上表面24a的斜坡角度相同的角度倾斜。底表面22a与上表面24a之间不存在缝隙。不同于底表面22a，PCU 22的上表面22b基本上水平。PCU 22的正面22c基本上垂直。
PCU 22将高压电池30的DC电力转换成适用于驱动M/G 25和M/G 26的AC电力。驱动力分配机构适当地组合发动机10、M/G 25和M/G 26的输出转矩，并输出组合转矩。组合转矩经由差速齿轮27而传输到车轮。驱动力分配机构可以将发动机10的输出转矩分配到M/G 25和车轮。在此情形下，HV车辆1在通过发动机10的驱动力行驶的同时在M/G 25处产生电力。PCU 22将由M/G 25产生的AC电力转换成DC电力。转换成DC电力的再生电力用于对高压电池30充电。
辅助电池32将电力提供到各种辅助设备。“辅助”是用于由低压驱动的装置的通用术语。“低压”表示低于高压电池30的输出电压的电压。也就是说，辅助电池32的输出电压低于高压电池30的输出电压。辅助设备的示例包括分别实施在PCU 22、HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU42中的控制电路。
HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42是微型计算机，其中的每一个都包括中央处理单元(CPU)、存储器、输入/输出缓冲器等(全部都未示出)。HV-ECU 40接收由电力监视单元(未示出)检测的高压电池30的状态。HV-ECU 40基于所检测的结果来执行M/G 25和M/G 26的控制。
EFI-ECU 42从设置在在发动机10中的各种传感器接收的诸如吸入空气量和冷却剂温度等值，并将其传输到HV-ECU 40。EFI-ECU 42从HV-ECU 40接收基于所检测的结果的发动机10的输出命令值和目标发动机速度。
此处，马达单元20的外壳由铝压铸件制成，而空气滤清器12和储罐16由树脂制成。HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42的壳体也由树脂制成。也就是说，这些车辆部件的刚度低于马达单元20的外壳的刚度。
1.2布局结构
如图1中所示，前舱FC设置有发动机10、空气滤清器12、散热器14、储罐16、马达单元20、辅助电池32和EFI-ECU 42。高压电池30和HV-ECU 40设置在除前舱FC之外的舱室上。高压电池30设置在例如HV车辆1的后舱上。HV-ECU 40设置在例如HV车辆1的腔室中。
在前舱FC中，发动机10、储罐16、马达单元20和EFI-ECU 42在车辆宽度方向上对准。空气滤清器12和辅助电池32也在车辆宽度方向上对准。空气滤清器12和辅助电池32位于马达单元20的前方。更具体来说，空气滤清器12位于马达单元20的前方。马达单元20和辅助电池32在车辆宽度方向上不重叠。辅助电池32位于马达单元20的斜向左前方。也就是说，辅助电池32位于马达单元20的前方并在HV车辆1的外侧。
如图2中所示，空气滤清器12位于正面22c的前方。也就是说，空气滤清器12并不位于T/G 24的前方，而是位于PCU 22的前方。EFI-ECU 42也位于PCU 22的左侧面22d的向左方向上。也就是说，EFI-ECU 42并不位于T/G 24的向左方向上，而是位于PCU 22的向左方向上。
1.3有利效果
根据图1和图2中所示的布局结构，空气滤清器12布置在PCU 22的前方。因此，在HV车辆1的迎面碰撞的情形下，空气滤清器12相比于PCU 22更早受到撞击。因此，碰撞能量由空气滤清器12吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。并且，如上所述，空气滤清器12的刚度低于外壳的刚度。因此，即使被碰撞的空气滤清器12后退，也能够通过与空气滤清器12的接触而减小PCU 22所经受的冲击。
根据图1和图2中所示的布局结构，辅助电池32也相比于马达单元20位于HV车辆1的外侧。因此，即使被碰撞的辅助电池32在迎面碰撞的情形中后退，它也不干扰PCU 22。此外，在HV车辆1的斜前方碰撞中，辅助电池32相比于PCU 22更早受到撞击。因此，碰撞能量由辅助电池32吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。
此外，根据图1和图2中所示的布局结构，EFI-ECU 42也布置在PCU 22的向左方向上。如上所述，EFI-ECU 42的刚度低于外壳的刚度。因此，在HV车辆1的左侧面处的碰撞中，碰撞能量由EFI-ECU 42吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。
如上所述，根据图1和图2中所示的布局结构，能够在HV车辆1碰撞时防止PCU 22受到损坏。因此，可以确保作为高压部件的PCU 22中的安全性。
2.第二实施例
接着，将参照图3和图4来描述与本公开的第二实施例相关的布局结构。应注意的是，视需要省去与第一实施例重叠的描述。
2.1布局结构
图3是应用有根据第二实施例的布局结构的HV车辆2中的前舱的示意性俯视图。图4是马达单元20的左侧面及其周围的示意图。根据第二实施例的布局结构与根据第一实施例的布局结构的不同之处在于空气滤清器12和储罐16的位置。
也就是说，如图3中所示，空气滤清器12在车辆宽度方向上与发动机10和马达单元20对准。储罐16在车辆宽度方向上与辅助电池32对准。储罐16也位于马达单元20的前方。此外，如图4中所示，储罐16位于正面22c的前方。也就是说，储罐16并不位于T/G 24的前方，而是位于PCU 22的前方。
2.2有利效果
根据图3和图4中所示的布局结构，能够获得与根据第一实施例的布局结构所获得的有利效果等同的有利效果。也就是说，在HV车辆2的迎面碰撞的情形中，碰撞能量由储罐16吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。
此外，即使被碰撞的储罐16在迎面碰撞的情形中后退，也能够通过与储罐16的接触而减小PCU 22所经受的冲击。此外，在左侧面处的侧面碰撞中，碰撞能量由EFI-ECU 42吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。
此外，根据图3和图4中所示的布局结构，能够缩短储罐16与PCU 22之间的距离。因此，能够缩短连接储罐16与PCU 22的用于冷却的软管并降低软管的原始成本。
3.第三实施例
接着，将参照图5和图6来描述根据本公开的第三实施例的布局结构。应注意的是，视需要省去与第一实施例重叠的描述。
3.1布局结构
图5是应用有根据第三实施例的布局结构的HV车辆3中的前舱的示意性俯视图。图6是马达单元20的左侧面及其周围的示意图。根据第三实施例的布局结构与根据第一实施例的布局结构的不同之处在于空气滤清器12、HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42的位置。
也就是说，如图5中所示，空气滤清器12位于发动机10的斜向右前方。并且，HV-ECU40和EFI-ECU 42在车辆宽度方向上与辅助电池32对准。这些ECU也位于马达单元20的前方。如图6中所示，这些ECU位于正面22c的前方。也就是说，这些ECU并不位于T/G 24的前方，而是位于PCU 22的前方。
3.2有利效果
根据图5和图6中所示的布局结构，能够获得与根据第一实施例的布局结构所获得的有利效果等同的有利效果。也就是说，在HV车辆3的迎面碰撞的情形中，碰撞能量由HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42吸收，因此PCU 22受到保护。此外，即使被碰撞的HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU42在迎面碰撞的情形中后退，也能够通过与这些ECU的接触而减小PCU 22所经受的冲击。
此外，根据图5和图6中所示的布局结构，能够缩短EFI-ECU 42与发动机10之间的距离。此外，因为HV-ECU 40设置在前舱FC中，所以能够缩短两个ECU之间的距离以及HV-ECU40与PCU 22之间的距离。因此，能够缩短线束并降低线束的原始成本。
4.第四实施例
接着，将参照图7和图8来描述根据本公开的第四实施例的布局结构。应注意的是，视需要省去与第一实施例重叠的描述。
4.1布局结构
图7是应用有根据第四实施例的布局结构的HV车辆4中的前舱的示意性俯视图。图8是马达单元20的左侧面及其周围的示意图。根据第四实施例的布局结构与根据第一实施例的布局结构的不同之处在于HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42的位置。
也就是说，如图7中所示，HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42设置在马达单元20上方。如图8中所示，这些ECU在上表面22b上方对准。此布置通过由于马达单元20的结构(即，机电一体结构)而减小竖直长度来实现。
4.2有利效果
根据图7和图8中所示的布局结构，除了根据第一实施例的布局结构所获得的有利效果之外，还获得以下效果。也就是说，根据图7和图8中所示的布局结构，能够缩短EFI-ECU42与发动机10之间的距离。此外，因为HV-ECU 40设置在前舱FC中，所以能够缩短HV-ECU 40与EFI-ECU 42之间的距离以及HV-ECU 40与PCU 22之间的距离。因此，能够缩短线束并降低线束的原始成本。
5.其它实施例
在根据第一到第四实施例的布局结构中，采用具有机电一体结构的马达单元20。然而，在根据第一到第三实施例的布局结构中，PCU 22和T/A 24可经由支架而连接。
此外，在第三实施例中，HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42设置在PCU 22的前方。然而，仅HV-ECU 40可设置在PCU 22的前方，而EFI-ECU 42可设置在左侧面22d的向左方向上。仅EFI-ECU 42可设置在PCU 22的前方，而HV-ECU 40可设置在左侧面22d的向左方向上。当HV-ECU 40或EFI-ECU 42设置在左侧面22d的向左方向上时，预期了PCU 22在左侧面处的侧面碰撞中的保护效果。
6.实施例与方面之间的对应
在上述实施例中，空气滤清器12、储罐16、HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42中的任一个对应于第一方面的“车辆部件”。辅助电池32对应于第一方面的“低压电池”。HV-ECU 40和EFI-ECU 42对应于第四到第六方面的“控制单元”。

Claims (1)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆的前舱的布局结构，所述前舱设置有：
发动机；
驱动桥，所述驱动桥被构造成容纳用于行驶的马达；
电力控制单元，所述电力控制单元被设置在所述驱动桥的上表面上，所述电力控制单元被配置成控制所述用于行驶的马达与高压电池之间的电力的传输；
低压电池；以及
车辆部件，所述车辆部件的刚度低于所述电力控制单元的刚度，其中：
所述发动机和所述驱动桥在车辆的宽度方向上对准；
所述车辆部件和所述低压电池在所述电力控制单元的前方在所述车辆的宽度方向上对准；
所述车辆部件位于所述电力控制单元的前方；并且
在车辆的纵向方向上，整个所述低压电池都布置在所述电力控制单元的前方，并且，在所述车辆的宽度方向上，所述低压电池与所述车辆部件相比位于所述混合动力车辆的外侧，
其中，所述车辆部件是用于控制所述混合动力车辆和/或所述发动机的控制单元。
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