CN111108409A - 具有传感器的车辆用外装面板 - Google Patents

具有传感器的车辆用外装面板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111108409A
CN111108409A CN201880061345.4A CN201880061345A CN111108409A CN 111108409 A CN111108409 A CN 111108409A CN 201880061345 A CN201880061345 A CN 201880061345A CN 111108409 A CN111108409 A CN 111108409A
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China
Prior art keywords
vehicle
panel
sensor
exterior panel
lamp
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堤康章
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/862Combination of radar systems with sonar systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/0017Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function
    • B60Q1/0023Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function the element being a sensor, e.g. distance sensor, camera
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/0408Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights built into the vehicle body, e.g. details concerning the mounting of the headlamps on the vehicle body
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/0408Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights built into the vehicle body, e.g. details concerning the mounting of the headlamps on the vehicle body
    • B60Q1/0458Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights built into the vehicle body, e.g. details concerning the mounting of the headlamps on the vehicle body the front cover being directly mounted onto the vehicle body
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    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/06Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle
    • B60Q1/08Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/30Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces
    • B60Q1/302Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces mounted in the vicinity, e.g. in the middle, of a rear window
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R11/04Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • B60R19/483Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds with obstacle sensors of electric or electronic type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • B60R19/50Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds with lights or registration plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/52Radiator or grille guards ; Radiator grilles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • G01S13/865Combination of radar systems with lidar systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/867Combination of radar systems with cameras
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/93Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S15/931Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • G01S2013/93271Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/208Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

将在车体的不同部位设置的多个传感器的相对位置始终维持恒定,提高从车辆周边收集到的信息的精度。在车辆用外装面板的车体前表面装备的前部模块面板(11)中,用合成树脂材料将面板主体(12)一体成形,在其中央部设置前格栅部(13),在其下侧形成前保险杠部(14),在面板主体(12)的左右两端用透明树脂材料将前照灯(15)的透光罩部(16)双色成形。将摄像机内置于前照灯(15),将毫米波雷达(21)安装在标志(17),将LIDAR(22)内置于雾灯(18),将超声波传感器(23)配置在前保险杠部(14)的下缘附近。

Description

具有传感器的车辆用外装面板
技术领域
本发明涉及装饰车体外表面的车辆用外装面板,更详细而言,涉及具有用于收集车辆周边信息的传感器的车辆用外装面板。
背景技术
一般情况下,汽车根据驾驶员的正确的“认知-判断-操作”而安全地行驶。现有技术中,为了减少驾驶员的误认,提出了使用传感器收集车体周边的信息并根据收集到的信息来辅助汽车的安全驾驶的各种技术。另外,近年来,也提出了使用多个传感器来降低对驾驶员的依赖性,提高自动驾驶时的安全性的技术。
例如,专利文献1中记载的“物体检测装置”被构成为:将雷达发送接收部设置在车体前表面的前格栅部,并且将摄像机和信息处理部安装在车室内的室内后视镜部,将雷达发送接收部与信息处理部之间用传输线连接,根据雷达和摄像机收集到的信息,信息处理部检测周边物体相对于车体的距离或位置。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2011-99683号公报
发明内容
发明欲解决的技术问题
然而,根据现有技术,由于雷达、摄像机等多个传感器设置在车体上的不同部位,因此存在如下问题:例如伴随着车体的振动、变形,如果前格栅部与室内后视镜部的相对位置改变,则基于2个传感器的输出信号的距离或位置的测量结果发生变动,对前照灯的光轴、制动器的启动定时等的控制产生不良影响。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种车辆用外装面板,其能够将在车体的不同部位设置的多个传感器的相对位置始终维持恒定,从而提高从车辆周边收集到的信息的精度。
用于解决问题的技术手段
为了解决上述课题,本发明提供一种装饰车体外表面的车辆用外装面板。该外装面板具有由合成树脂材料一体成形的面板主体。而且,在面板主体的不同部位配设用于收集车体周边的信息的第1传感器和第2传感器。
本发明的车辆用外装面板未被限定在车体外表面的特定位置。例如,能够应用于将车体的前表面、后表面、左右两侧表面、上表面、底面各自的一部分区域或者整个区域覆盖的外装面板。外装面板的面板主体通过将熔融合成树脂材料向一组成形模的型腔内注射,从而能够将整体一体地成形。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,在面板主体的两端部固定安装有用于对车辆周边进行照明的车辆用灯具。在车辆用灯具的安装中,例如,能够在面板主体的两端部用透明合成树脂材料将车辆用灯具的透光罩部双色成形,将车辆用灯具的主体部和光源单元组装在该透明部分。另外,也可以将车辆用灯具的主体部一体成形在面板主体的两端部,将光源单元和透光罩部组装在主体部。或者,也可以在与面板主体的两端部一体成形的灯具安装部组装主体部和光源单元。
在本发明的若干个实施方式中,在车辆用灯具内置有电子控制装置(ECU),从而能够对多个传感器收集到的信息进行迅速处理。作为ECU的控制对象,可以示例车辆的加减速装置、制动装置、显示装置、报警器、车辆用灯具等。在优选实施方式中,构成为搭载于车辆用灯具的灯具ECU根据第1和第2传感器收集到的信息来控制车辆用灯具的点亮/熄灭、亮度、光轴的朝向等光输出。另外,构成为使用车辆用灯具在路面上进行描绘,或者同时在搭载的显示器上进行提醒行人注意的信息显示。
另外,车体的外装品即车辆用灯具由于具有高度防水和防尘性能,因此也能够将第1和第2传感器中的任一者内置在车辆用灯具的壳体内。如果是在车体的前表面或后表面设置的外装面板,则也可以将第1传感器和第2传感器分别内置于在面板主体的两端装备的左右一对前照灯或后组合灯。
需要说明的是,本发明中,作为第1、第2传感器,不限于特定种类,例如,可以使用检测车体周边的物体的位置、车体与物体的距离、物体的种类(人、动物、行李)、路面状况(凹凸、雨、雪、结冰)、车高、轮胎气压等的摄像机、毫米波雷达、激光雷达(LIDAR)、超声波传感器、磁传感器等。另外,可以将相同种类或者不同种类的2个传感器设置在面板主体的不同的两个位置,也可以将三个以上传感器分别设置在不同部位。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,将车辆用外装面板用作汽车用前部模块面板。该前部模块面板在面板主体中包括:覆盖车体前表面的前格栅部以及在前格栅部的下侧沿车宽方向延伸的前保险杠部。在本发明的别的实施方式中,将车辆用外装面板用作汽车用后部模块面板。该后部模块面板在面板主体中包括:以能够开闭的方式覆盖车体后表面的后门部;和透明的后窗部。
特别是,如果是后部模块面板,则优选在后窗部设置可见光的透过率相对高的第1区域和可见光的透过率相对低的第2区域,在第2区域的车室侧面安装第1传感器和第2传感器中的至少一者。这样,不仅能够利用第2区域的暗部从外观隐藏传感器,而且能够抑制由于太阳光而导致的第2区域的温度上升,使传感器的动作稳定。另外,为了提高在夜间等的传感器的灵敏度,也可以构成为使用光线透过率根据外部气温而变化的热致变色材料,外部气温越低,第2区域的光透过率越高。
发明效果
根据本发明的车辆用外装面板,至少2个传感器被配设在一体成形的面板主体的不同部位,因此,将各传感器的相对位置保持为始终恒定,具有能够提高从车辆周边收集到的信息的精度这样的效果。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的实施例1的前部模块面板的正视图。
图2是图1的面板的水平剖视图。
图3是示出在面板主体一体成形有前照灯的透光罩部的面板的剖视图。
图4是示出在面板主体一体成形有前照灯的主体部的面板的剖视图。
图5是示出在面板主体一体成形有前照灯安装框的面板的剖视图。
图6是示出本发明的实施例2的后部模块面板的立体图。
图7是示出在后窗部的第2区域设置有着色部的面板的立体图。
图8是图7的X-X线剖视图。
符号说明
11 前部模块面板(实施例1)
12 面板主体
13 前格栅部
14 前保险杠部
15 前照灯
16 透光罩部
20 摄像机
21 毫米波雷达
22 LIDAR
23 超声波传感器
29 灯具ECU
41 后部模块面板(实施例2)
42 面板主体
43 后门部
44 后窗部
48 后组合灯
49 透光罩部
52 摄像机
53 LIDAR
54 毫米波雷达
55 灯具ECU
具体实施方式
以下,根据附图,对本发明的实施方式进行说明。图1~图5示出将本发明具体化为汽车的前部模块面板的实施例1。图6~图8示出将本发明具体化为汽车的后部模块面板的实施例2。在各图中,对共用或类似的部件标注相同的附图标记。
[实施例1]
如图1所示,实施例1的前部模块面板11是装备在车体前表面的外装面板,具有树脂制的面板主体12。面板主体12由合成树脂材料一体成形,并且被形成为在其中央部设置有将车体的发动机室覆盖的前格栅部13,在前格栅部13的下侧,前保险杠部14沿车宽方向延伸。在前格栅部13的左右两侧设置前照灯15的透光罩部16,利用透明树脂材料而在面板主体12上进行双色成形。另外,在前格栅部13的中央设置有标志17,在前保险杠部14的左右两端部设置有雾灯18。
如图1、图2所示,在面板主体12的不同部位配设有用于收集车体前方的信息的多个传感器。在图示的例子中,作为拍摄车体前方的景象的第1传感器的摄像机20被内置于左右的前照灯15,作为检测前方的物体的第2传感器的毫米波雷达21被安装在标志17的背面,测量前方的物体与车体的距离的LIDAR 22被内置于雾灯18,检测路面状况、轮胎气压的超声波传感器23被安装在前保险杠部14的下缘附近。需要说明的是,传感器的个数、种类、安装部位不限于图示的例子,可根据需要而任意改变。另外,在自动驾驶车辆的情况下,也能够使标志17发光,作为通知自动驾驶的标识灯而发挥功能。
如图2、图3所示,在面板主体12的透光罩部16固定组装有前照灯15的主体部25。在主体部25的内侧容纳具有光源26和反射器27等的光源单元28并且设置灯具ECU 29,灯具ECU 29根据各传感器20~23收集到的信息来控制包括光源26的点亮/熄灭、亮度、光源单元28的朝向等在内的前照灯15的光输出。另外,传感器20~23收集到的信息的一部分被从灯具ECU 29向车辆ECU(省略图示)传送,利用车辆ECU来控制车辆的加减速装置、制动装置、显示装置、报警器等。
图4和图5示出前照灯15的不同的安装结构。对于图4示出的前照灯15,在成形面板主体12时,主体部25被一体成形在面板主体12的左右两端,在面板成形后,在主体部25的内侧牢固地设置光源单元28,并且在主体部25的前表面组装透光罩部16。对于图5所示的前照灯15,在成形面板主体12时,在其左右两端一体成形环状的灯安装框30,在面板成形后,灯具主体部25的凸缘部31经由衬垫32而牢固地安装在灯安装框30,透光罩部16经由灯安装框30的内侧开口部33而组装在主体部25。
根据如上地构成的实施例1的前部模块面板11,多个传感器20~23被配设在由树脂一体成形的面板主体12的不同部位,因此,不会发生伴随着车体的振动、变形而使传感器20~23的相对位置改变的情况。因此,提高多个传感器20~23收集到的信息的精度,根据这些信息的组合,灯具ECU 29和车辆ECU能够正确地判断车体前方的人、其他车辆、障碍物等的位置,能够准确地控制前照灯15的光输出乃至车辆的加减速度、制动器的启动定时。
特别是,由于将1个传感器例如摄像机20和灯具ECU 29内置于在面板主体12牢固地设置的前照灯15中,因此利用相同场所的灯具ECU 29对摄像机20拍摄到的影像进行瞬时处理,有助于高速行驶时的安全驾驶。另外,也能够利用在接近路面的前保险杠部14的下缘部设置的超声波传感器23正确地检测路面状况、轮胎气压,控制转向器、减震器,改善汽车的驾乘舒适性。
[实施例2]
如图6所示,实施例2的后部模块面板41是装备在车体后表面的外装面板,具有树脂制的面板主体42。在该面板主体42中包含以能够开闭的方式将车体后端的开放部覆盖的不透明的后门部43以及用于确保车体后方视野的透明的后窗部44,整体上由合成树脂材料一体成形。在后门部43的上端设置有高位制动灯45,在高位制动灯45的附近设置有作为拍摄车辆后方景象的第1传感器的摄像机52。在后门部43的下端设置有测量车辆后方的物体与车体的距离的LIDAR 53。
在面板主体42的高度方向中间位置设置有左右一对后组合灯48。后组合灯48的透光罩部49由透明树脂材料与面板主体42一体地双色成形,在面板主体42的与该透光罩部49对应的位置组装有后组合灯48的主体部50。而且,在主体部50的内侧容纳有光源单元51,并且设置有作为检测车体后方和侧方的障碍物的第2传感器的毫米波雷达54以及处理各传感器52~54的输出信号的灯具ECU 55。需要说明的是,在自动驾驶车辆行驶时,也可以使高位制动灯45以与停止时不同的颜色(例如绿色)发光,作为通知自动驾驶的标识灯而发挥作用。
根据实施例2的后部模块面板41,与实施例1同样地,多个传感器52~54被配设在一体成形的面板主体12的不同部位,因此,能够将各传感器20~23的相对位置始终维持恒定,根据从车辆后方收集到的精确的信息,能够利用灯具ECU 55和车辆ECU高精度地控制后组合灯48、显示装置等。特别是,由于2个传感器例如摄像机52和LIDAR53被配置在面板主体42的上下两端,因此能够正确测量位于车辆后方的对象物的高度,例如,在立体停车场等中,将车体顶棚部的剐蹭防患于未然。
在图7和图8所示的后部模块面板41中,在后窗部44划分为:可见光的透过率相对高的第1区域46和可见光的透过率相对低的第2区域47,在第2区域47的车室侧面设置有包括作为第1传感器的摄像机以及作为第2传感器的红外线传感器在内的多个传感器57~60。在第2区域47,为了使传感器57~60难以从车体后方看到,设置有使可见光的透过率为例如10%以下的着色层61。作为着色层61,可以使用含有ITO(氧化铟锡)、APO(非结晶聚烯烃)、ATO(三氧化锑)等粒子的膜、金属/氧化钛膜、电介质多层膜等使光的波长选择性地透过的薄膜。
这样,利用着色层61,能够从外观隐藏传感器57~60,提高后部模块面板41的美观性。通过使用使红外线向着色层61反射的原材料,能够抑制由太阳光导致的第2区域47的温度上升,使传感器长期稳定地动作。另外,通过使用使紫外线反射的原材料来延长传感器的寿命,或者使对于传感器而言成为噪声的波长反射,从而能够提高传感器的灵敏度。进一步地,在第2区域46的后窗部44中包含光线透过率根据外部气温而变化的氧化钒(VO2)等热致变色材料,在夜间、阴天时等外部气温低的情况下,也能够提高第2区域47的光透过率,提高传感器类的灵敏度。
需要说明的是,本发明不限于上述实施例,例如,也可以将多个传感器设置在车体的左右的门面板、将传感器设置在车体上表面的车顶面板的前后等,能够在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内,适当改变各部的形状、结构地实施。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.一种车辆用外装面板,其对车体外表面的一部分进行装饰,所述车辆用外装面板的特征在于,
在由合成树脂材料一体成形的面板主体的不同部位配设有用于收集车体周边的信息的第1传感器和第2传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体的两端部固定安装有用于对车辆周边进行照明的车辆用灯具。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述车辆用灯具的透光罩部由透明合成树脂材料一体成形在面板主体的两端部。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述车辆用灯具搭载有电子控制装置,所述电子控制装置根据所述第1传感器和第2传感器收集到的信息来控制车辆用灯具的光输出。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述车辆用灯具内置有所述第1传感器和第2传感器中的任一者。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体中,包括:前格栅部,所述前格栅部覆盖车体前表面;以及前保险杠部,所述前保险杠部在前格栅部的下侧沿车宽方向延伸。
7.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体中,包括:后门部,所述后门部覆盖车体后表面;以及透明的后窗部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述后窗部包含可见光的透过率相对高的第1区域和可见光的透过率相对低的第2区域,在第2区域的成为车室侧的面安装有所述第1传感器和第2传感器中的至少一者。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述第2区域含有使所述第2区域的光线透过率根据外部气温而变化的热致变色材料。

Claims (9)

1.一种车辆用外装面板,其对车体外表面的一部分进行装饰,所述车辆用外装面板的特征在于,
在由合成树脂材料一体成形的面板主体的不同部位配设有用于收集车体周边的信息的第1传感器和第2传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体的两端部固定安装有用于对车辆周边进行照明的车辆用灯具。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述车辆用灯具的透光罩部由透明合成树脂材料一体成形在面板主体的两端部。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述车辆用灯具搭载有电子控制装置,所述电子控制装置根据所述第1传感器和第2传感器收集到的信息来控制车辆用灯具的光输出。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述车辆用灯具内置有所述第1传感器和第2传感器中的任一者。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体中,包括:前格栅部,所述前格栅部覆盖车体前表面;以及前保险杠部,所述前保险杠部在前格栅部的下侧沿车宽方向延伸。
7.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
在所述面板主体中,包括:后门部,所述后门部覆盖车体后表面;以及透明的后窗部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述后窗部包含可见光的透过率相对高的第1区域和可见光的透过率相对低的第2区域,在第2区域的成为车室侧的面安装有所述第1传感器和第2传感器中的至少一者。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的车辆用外装面板,其中,
所述第2区域含有使所述第2区域的光线透过率根据外部气温而变化的热致变色材料。
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