CN111034945A - 一种糙海参的加工方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/13—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using water or steam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种糙海参的加工方法,包括去除内脏、盐水超声清洗、清水超声清洗、蒸煮、迅速冷却、杀菌和包装等步骤。本发明所提出的方法简单易行,所需劳动强度小,对糙海参本身的伤害也较小,经本发明方法加工得到的即食糙海参营养价值更高,口感更佳,适合在市场上推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,具体涉及一种糙海参的加工方法。
背景技术
糙海参属棘皮动物门海参纲,海参科,又叫象牙参、白参等,主要分布在我国的广西东兴、广东中部和西部以及南海等南方沿海地区,是国内一种重要的食用海参。海参体内富含蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和多种微量元素、胶质等成分,但不含胆固醇,因此位列于海产品“八珍宝”中的榜首。海参具有极高的营养价值,早在明代的《食物本草》中就描述海参有补元气,滋益五脏六腑的养生功能。近年来,随着人们的保健意识不断提高,其价值被逐步研究发掘,渐渐引起了大众的注意。据大量研究表明,海参中含有多糖、海参皂苷、脑苷脂等多种生物活性物质,对于提高人体免疫力、抗肿瘤等有着良好的药理活性。市场上的海参食品主要分为:海参干制品和即食海参两类。即食海参不仅避免了干海参食用前的多种加工工序,方便消费者的使用,而且减少了加工期间的营养物质的损失。有着这些优点,使得即食海参所占有的市场份额正被逐步的提高,呈现出良好的前景。
目前对于即食糙海参的加工方法还是较为传统,通常人工清洗后直接进行蒸煮制得,劳动强度大,营养成分流失较大且对于糙海参的伤害也较大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种糙海参的加工方法,具体通过以下技术方案实现:
一种糙海参的加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:将糙海参去除内脏,浸泡在盐水中超声5~10min,然后用水进行冲洗,然后置于水中超声5~8min;
S2:将糙海参置于温度为60~80℃的条件下,蒸煮20~30min;
S3:将蒸煮后的糙海参在20~30s内降至0~4℃;
S4:杀菌,包装。
本发明将糙海参先浸泡在盐水(盐度为20~30%)中,糙海参会自主排出沙粒等杂质,辅以超声可进行深层清洗,然后再置于纯水中进行超声;这两步的超声不仅具备清洗的作用,还使得糙海参体内组织紧密度增大,提高了糙海参的嫩度和弹性,有利于水分子渗透入蛋白质中,形成稳定的四面体氢键结构,留住了更多的营养物质。而在蒸煮过程中,发明人经过大量理论研究和实验验证发现,糙海参随着水煮温度和时间的上升,其硬度与黏性会加大,使咀嚼性增大,海参的品尝会变得更具口感,而糙海参的韧性与回复性则有稍微提高。但随着温度越高和加热时间越长,糙海参体壁的硬度反而会下降,从而影响口感,因此,本发明中选择在60~80℃的条件下,蒸煮20~30min,糙海参更具口感。此外,本发明在对糙海参进行蒸煮后,迅速冷却,可以使得糙海参内部的胶原蛋白重组,形成稳定的三维网状结构,进一步锁住更多的营养物质。
优选的,S1中,盐水的盐度为20~30%。
优选的,S1中,将糙海参放在盐水中超声8min;置于水中超声6min。
优选的,S2中,将糙海参置于温度为70℃的条件下,蒸煮25min。
优选的,S3中,将蒸煮后的糙海参在20s内降至2℃。
优选的,S4中,采用水浴式灭菌的方式进行杀菌,灭菌温度为100~110℃,灭菌时间为30~35min。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明所提出的方法简单易行,所需劳动强度小,对糙海参本身的伤害也较小,经本发明方法加工得到的即食糙海参营养价值更高,口感更佳,适合在市场上推广。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整的描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、方案和效果。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
材料的准备:新鲜糙海参购自湛江市美珍海参有限公司,平均重量为57.03±13.95g,用于以下的实施例1和实施例2。
实施例1:
一种糙海参的加工方法:
S1:将糙海参去除内脏,浸泡在盐水中进行超声清洗10min,糙海参在盐水(盐度为28%)中会自主排出沙粒等杂质;然后拿出用水进行冲洗,然后置于水中进行超声8min;
S2:将糙海参置于温度为70℃的条件下,蒸煮25min;
S3:水煮后,将糙海参30s内降至2℃,可以使得糙海参内部的胶原蛋白重组,形成稳定的三维网状结构;
S4:采用水浴式灭菌的方式进行杀菌,灭菌温度为110℃,灭菌时间为30min,然后包装。
实施例2:
一种糙海参的加工方法:
S1:将糙海参去除内脏,浸泡在盐水中进行超声清洗8min,糙海参在盐水(盐度为26%)中会自主排出沙粒等杂质;然后拿出用水进行冲洗,然后置于水中进行超声6min;
S2:将糙海参置于温度为60℃的条件下,蒸煮30min;
S3:水煮后,将糙海参20s内降至2℃,可以使得糙海参内部的胶原蛋白重组,形成稳定的三维网状结构;
S4:采用水浴式灭菌的方式进行杀菌,灭菌温度为100℃,灭菌时间为35min,然后包装。
实施例3:
对实施例1和实施例2中加工后的糙海参进行检测,同时也对传统方法(人工清洗后直接蒸煮,蒸煮时的温度为90℃,时间为40min)加工得到的糙海参进行检测,检测结果如表1所示,由表1可知,使用本发明的方法得到的加工后的糙海参口感好且营养价值更高。
表1加工后的糙海参的检测结果
Claims (6)
1.一种糙海参的加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:将糙海参去除内脏,浸泡在盐水中超声5~10min,然后用水进行冲洗,然后置于水中超声5~8min;
S2:将糙海参置于温度为60~80℃的条件下,蒸煮20~30min;
S3:将蒸煮后的糙海参在20~30s内降至0~4℃;
S4:杀菌,包装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于,S1中,盐水的盐度为20~30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于,S1中,在盐水中超声8min;置于水中超声6min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于,S2中,将糙海参置于温度为70℃的条件下,蒸煮25min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于,S3中,将蒸煮后的糙海参在20s内降至2℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于,S4中,采用水浴式灭菌的方式进行杀菌,灭菌温度为100~110℃,灭菌时间为30~35min。
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