CN110980856A - Composition for bottom modification of special fish culture pond and application thereof - Google Patents

Composition for bottom modification of special fish culture pond and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110980856A
CN110980856A CN201910998553.3A CN201910998553A CN110980856A CN 110980856 A CN110980856 A CN 110980856A CN 201910998553 A CN201910998553 A CN 201910998553A CN 110980856 A CN110980856 A CN 110980856A
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powder
composition
culture pond
improving
special fish
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CN110980856B (en
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齐振雄
李小梅
王蔚淼
肖岚
张家学
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Qingyuan Haibei Biological Technology Co ltd
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Qingyuan Haibei Biological Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/166—Nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality and substrate improvement in aquaculture, and particularly relates to a composition for improving a substrate of a special fish culture pond, which comprises 35-45 parts of activated carbon, 25-35 parts of zeolite powder, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme and 3-5 parts of a binder. In addition, the composition is prepared into a small-particle product form, so that the product can directly reach the bottom of the aquaculture pond and directly contact with the bottom mud, and the effect of the product is better realized.

Description

Composition for bottom modification of special fish culture pond and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality substrate improvement in aquaculture, and particularly relates to a composition for improving a substrate of a special fish culture pond and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing improvement of living standard, the consumption of aquatic products of people is more diversified and advanced, so that the cultivation of special fishes is developed to a certain extent, and common cultivated special fishes mainly comprise grouper, micropterus salmoides, pseudobagrus fulvidraco, mandarin fish, turbot and the like.
At present, under the influence of highly-intensive culture concepts and culture technology progress, the culture yield of a unit water body is higher and higher, and the phenomenon that feed is excessively input into a culture pond is very common, so that a large amount of organic matters such as residual bait, biological debris and animal excrement are enriched at the bottom of the fish pond. The enrichment of pond feed, residual bait or excrement can increase organisms in the bottom mud, increase the oxygen consumption of water and even cause serious oxygen deficiency; the enrichment of organic matters at the bottom of the pond can release toxic ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3) Sulfides and nitrites, etc., worsen the culture environment and prevent the healthy growth of fishes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond, which can reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide, increase the dissolved oxygen content of water, improve the bottom environment of the special fish pond, improve the transparency of water quality and ensure the growth and health of the special fish.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a composition for changing bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
35-45 parts of activated carbon, 25-35 parts of zeolite powder, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme and 3-5 parts of adhesive.
The active carbon is prepared by pyrolyzing and activating carbon-containing raw materials such as wood, coal, petroleum coke and the like, has a developed pore structure, a larger specific surface area and abundant surface chemical groups, can adsorb ammonia, heavy metal ions, suspended particulate matters, toxic gases, dissolved organic matters and the like in water, and is an ideal material for treating and purifying water.
Zeolite is a type of molecular sieve, a family of hydrous alkali or alkaline earth aluminosilicate minerals, consisting of SiO4And AlO4The tetrahedral units are staggered to form a three-dimensional frame structure, the surface area is large, the content of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus enriched in the water body can be reduced, the dissolved oxygen in the water body can be increased, and the dissolved oxygen level in the water meets the requirement of fish growth; can rapidly eliminate organic corrosion substances and harmful gases, purify water quality and clean sludge at the bottom of the pool, and prevent diseases; the zeolite is non-toxic, cheap, non-mildew and moderate in pH value, and can regulate the pH value of water, so that it is a cheap and good water quality cleaning agent.
The bentonite is a non-metal mineral product with montmorillonite as a main mineral component, can adsorb and coagulate suspended matters (including dissolved organic matters) in water, and enables the suspended matters to be precipitated and cover the bottom of the pool, thereby playing the roles of reducing the eutrophication degree of the pool water, reducing the oxygen consumption of a water layer and controlling the dissolution speed of nutritive salt.
Preferably, the composite bacterium powder comprises enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder, and the mass ratio of the enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder to the pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder is 2: 1.
more preferably, said enterococcus faecalisThe powder has viable bacteria content of 1-3 × 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 5-8 × 108CFU/g。
Preferably, the complex enzyme comprises acid protease and neutral protease, and the mass ratio of the acid protease to the neutral protease is 3: 1.
preferably, the binder is povidone K30.
Preferably, the preparation method of the composition comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with water to prepare 5-10% povidone K30 aqueous solution for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials by a sieve of 90 to 100 meshes;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the composite bacteria powder and the composite enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 10-15 minutes at the rotating speed of 300-500 rpm, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 500-800 rpm, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.5-2.0mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 50-60 ℃ for 24-36 h to obtain dry granules, and packaging to obtain the composition.
Preferably, the use method of the composition for pond bottom modification comprises the following steps: the composition is uniformly put into a special fish culture pond once every 15 to 20 days, and the putting amount is 1 to 3 kg/mu each time.
In addition, the invention also provides application of the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond in water quality improvement of the special fish culture pond.
An application experiment for changing the bottom of a micropterus salmoides culture pond shows that the composition can reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide, increase the dissolved oxygen of a water body and improve the transparency of the water body; meanwhile, the compound bacteria powder and the compound enzyme have a synergistic effect on improving the water quality of the aquaculture pond in the formula of the invention; in the aspect of using the bacterium powder, the effect of the combined use of the enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and the pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder is better; the combination of the acidic protease and the neutral protease is more effective in the use of the protease.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the organic matter content at the bottom of the special fish culture pond is high, ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like are easily generated by anaerobic decomposition, and the growth and health of fish are hindered. Therefore, the invention provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which is prepared by scientifically compounding active carbon, zeolite powder, bentonite, composite bacteria powder, composite enzyme and an adhesive. The composite bacteria component in the composition is facultative anaerobe, and organic matters such as residual bait, excrement, animal and plant corpses and the like in the bottom mud can be timely decomposed into inorganic nutrients under the anaerobic condition at the bottom of the aquaculture pond, so that the generation or enrichment of toxic gases such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like is prevented; the compound enzyme in the composition can rapidly decompose protein components in the bottom mud into micromolecular organic matters, so that the load of organic matters at the bottom of the pool can be reduced, nutrients for absorbing and utilizing can be provided for the compound bacteria, the growth and the propagation of the compound bacteria are promoted, the decomposition function of the compound bacteria is enhanced, and the sludge treatment efficiency is improved; the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite in the composition have strong adsorption effect, can directly adsorb toxic substances such as ammonia nitrogen, sulfide and nitrite, and the like, and can play a role together with the composite bacteria and the composite enzyme, so that the transparency of water quality can be improved, the contents of the ammonia nitrogen, the nitrite and the sulfide are reduced, the dissolved oxygen of a water body is increased, the water environment of a special fish pond is improved, and the growth and the health of the special fish are guaranteed. In addition, the composition is prepared into a small-particle product form, so that the product can directly reach the bottom of the aquaculture pond and directly contact with the bottom mud, and the product can play a role.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of composite bacteria powder, 7.5kg of composite enzyme and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g; the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the compound bacteria powder and the compound enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
35kg of active carbon, 25kg of zeolite powder, 15kg of bentonite, 10kg of composite bacteria powder, 5kg of composite enzyme and povidone K303 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g; the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the compound bacteria powder and the compound enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
45kg of active carbon, 35kg of zeolite powder, 25kg of bentonite, 15kg of composite bacteria powder, 10kg of composite enzyme and povidone K305 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g; the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the compound bacteria powder and the compound enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of enterococcus faecalis powder, 7.5kg of complex enzyme and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g; the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with purified water to prepare povidone K30 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the enterococcus faecalis powder and the complex enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 1 compared to example 1, the formulation contained only a single powder of enterococcus faecalis.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of pediococcus acidilactici powder, 7.5kg of complex enzyme and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 × 108CFU/g; the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with purified water to prepare povidone K30 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the pediococcus acidilactici powder and the complex enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 2 compared to example 1, the formulation contained only a single powder of pediococcus acidilactici.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 7.5kg of complex enzyme and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein the compound enzyme is prepared from acidic protease and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 3: 1, and the components are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder and the compound enzyme in the step S2 into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 rpm, adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the step S1, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 rpm, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 3 compared to example 1, the formulation did not contain composite bacterial powder.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of composite bacteria powder, 7.5kg of acid protease and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder material in the S2 step, the compound bacterial powder and the acid protease into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 4 compared to example 1, the formulation contained only a single acid protease.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of compound bacteria powder, 7.5kg of neutral protease and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the povidone K30 with pure water to prepare a povidone K30 water solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder material in the S2 step, the compound bacterial powder and the neutral protease into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 5 compared to example 1, the formulation contained only a single neutral protease.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite, 12.5kg of composite bacteria powder and povidone K304 kg.
Wherein, the composite bacterium powder is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis bacterium powder and pediococcus acidilactici bacterium powder according to the ratio of 2: 1 by mass ratio;
the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 6.5 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with purified water to prepare povidone K30 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder material and the compound bacterial powder in the step S2 into a stirrer together, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the step S1, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 revolutions per minute, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Comparative example 6 compared to example 1, the formulation did not contain a complex enzyme component.
Comparative example 7
The comparative example provides a composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond, which comprises the following components in kg by mass:
40kg of active carbon, 30kg of zeolite powder, 20kg of bentonite and povidone K304 kg.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the composition, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with purified water to prepare povidone K30 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 7.5% for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials with a 95-mesh sieve;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step into a stirrer, stirring for 12.5 minutes at the rotating speed of 400 rpm, adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 25 minutes at the rotating speed of 650 rpm, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.8mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 55 ℃ for 30h to obtain dry granules, and packaging the dry granules to obtain the composition for improving the bottom of the special fish culture pond.
Compared with the example 1, the formula of the comparative example 7 does not contain compound bacterial powder and compound enzyme components.
Experimental example 1 bottom-changing experiment of Micropterus salmoides culture pond
The experimental example is carried out in a special fish farm, 9 experimental ponds and 1 control pond (namely, an example 1 group, an example 2 group, an example 3 group, a comparative example 1 group, a comparative example 2 group, a comparative example 3 group, a comparative example 4 group, a comparative example 5 group, a comparative example 6 group, a comparative example 7 group and a control group) are selected, the size of each experimental pond is about 1 mu, the average water depth is 1.5m, Micropterus salmoides is cultivated in the pond, fresh bait fish is fed every day, each pond is turbid in water color, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like in water exceed standards, and the bottom quality is black and smelly. The compositions for bottom modification prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were uniformly fed into 10 experimental ponds at a feed rate of 2 kg/mu, the control pond was not treated, and the transparency (cm), dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), ammonia Nitrogen (NH) and ammonia nitrogen (DO, mg/L) of each pond were measured before and after the test day3mg/L), Nitrite (NO)2mg/L) and sulfide (H)2S, mg/L), and the like. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Change in clarity, dissolved oxygen, Ammonia Nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide in ponds before and after the test
Figure BDA0002240549030000091
As shown in the results in Table 1, after the composition disclosed by the invention is put into a water body for 1 day, the water body becomes clear, the transparency reaches 35.3-40.6 cm, the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide is obviously reduced after the composition is used for 1 day, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is also obviously increased. The transparency, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide and dissolved oxygen of the control pond have no obvious change.
As can be seen from the group of the embodiment 1, the group of the comparative example 3 and the group of the comparative example 6, the composite bacteria powder and the composite enzyme have the synergistic effect on the aspect of improving the water quality of the aquaculture pond; as can be seen from the groups of comparative examples 1-3, the combined use effect of the enterococcus faecalis powder and the pediococcus acidilactici powder is better in the use of the powder; as can be seen from the groups of comparative examples 4 to 6, the combined use of the acidic protease and the neutral protease is more effective in the use of the protease; as can be seen from the group of the embodiment 1 and the group of the comparative example 7, the physical method of combining the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite has certain effect on improving the water quality of the aquaculture pond, but the effect is not obvious, the physical improvement method can obtain more obvious bottom improvement effect by reasonably adding the composite bacteria powder and the composite enzyme, and the use efficiency of the composition is greatly improved; in addition, repeated tests show that the composition can keep a water body in a better state for 15-20 days after 1 time of use.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The composition for changing the bottom of the special fish culture pond is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
35-45 parts of activated carbon, 25-35 parts of zeolite powder, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme and 3-5 parts of adhesive.
2. The composition for improving bottom of special fish culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacteria powder comprises enterococcus faecalis powder and pediococcus acidilactici powder, and the mass ratio of the enterococcus faecalis powder to the pediococcus acidilactici powder is 2: 1.
3. the composition for improving bottom of special fish culture pond according to claim 2, wherein the viable bacteria content of the enterococcus faecalis powder is 1-3 x 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the pediococcus lactis powder is 5-8 × 108CFU/g。
4. The composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme comprises acid protease and neutral protease, and the mass ratio of the acid protease to the neutral protease is 3: 1.
5. the composition for improving bottom of special fish culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the binder is povidone K30.
6. The composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composition comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing povidone K30 with water to prepare 5-10% povidone K30 aqueous solution for later use;
s2, crushing the activated carbon, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, and sieving the crushed materials by a sieve of 90 to 100 meshes;
s3, putting the powder in the S2 step, the composite bacteria powder and the composite enzyme into a stirrer together, stirring for 10-15 minutes at the rotating speed of 300-500 rpm, then adding the povidone K30 aqueous solution in the S1 step, stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 500-800 rpm, and making the mixture into a soft material;
s4, preparing the soft material in the step S3 into wet granules under the action of a 1.5-2.0mm ring die, drying the wet granules at 50-60 ℃ for 24-36 h to obtain dry granules, and packaging to obtain the composition.
7. The composition for improving the bottom of a special fish culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the use method of the composition comprises the following steps: the composition is uniformly put into a special fish culture pond once every 15 to 20 days, and the putting amount is 1 to 3 kg/mu each time.
8. Use of the composition for improving the bottom of a special fish aquaculture pond of any one of claims 1 to 7 for improving the water quality of a special fish aquaculture pond.
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