CN113998788A - Pond bottom material modifier and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pond bottom material modifier and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113998788A CN113998788A CN202011564027.5A CN202011564027A CN113998788A CN 113998788 A CN113998788 A CN 113998788A CN 202011564027 A CN202011564027 A CN 202011564027A CN 113998788 A CN113998788 A CN 113998788A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000589597 Paracoccus denitrificans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241001509286 Thiobacillus denitrificans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013828 hydroxypropyl starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108090000145 Bacillolysin Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108091005507 Neutral proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019626 lipase activity Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001125889 Micropterus salmoides Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009818 secondary granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pond bottom material modifier which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of zeolite powder, 30-55 parts of sodium humate, 10-20 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme, 10-20 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 5-10 parts of protective agent and 5-15 parts of stabilizing agent; wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder; the pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the pond bottom material modifying agent and application of the pond bottom material modifying agent in the field of aquaculture. The pond bottom modifier can decompose organic matters at the bottom of the pond, reduce the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide, and improve the transparency of water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a pond bottom material modifying agent, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, a high-density intensive culture mode becomes a mainstream culture mode, the culture yield of a unit water body is higher and higher, and the phenomenon that feed is excessively input into a culture pond is very common, so that a large amount of organic matters such as residual bait, biological debris, animal excrement and the like are enriched at the bottom of the fish pond and are mixed with sediment and the like at the bottom of the fish pond to form bottom mud. The sediment with a certain thickness can play the roles of fertilizer supply, fertilizer preservation, regulation and pond water quality mutation buffering, but the excessive thickness of the sediment not only reduces the living space of aquatic animals, but also accumulates a large amount of organic matters, and a large amount of oxygen is consumed during decomposition, so that the oxygen debt is increased, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, methane, hydrogen sulfide and the like are too high, the water quality is deteriorated, the acidity is increased, and a large amount of germs are propagated. In order to fully exert the active ecological functions of the sediment and inhibit the negative effects of the sediment, the sediment of the pond must be periodically improved.
The methods for improving the substrate mainly include physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. The physical method mainly comprises the steps of dredging and drying the pond, applying zeolite powder, charcoal and the like to absorb harmful substances; the chemical method mainly comprises the steps of using quicklime and a chemical modifier mainly containing calcium peroxide; the biological method mainly aims at applying corresponding strains on the bottom of the pond to decompose or absorb organic matters and toxic and harmful substances accumulated in the pond. Most of the existing pond bottom material modifying agents combine a biological method and a physical and chemical method to achieve a better effect, but have the defects that: the added strains have weak degradation capability on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide at the bottom of the pool, poor bottom changing effect and slow rise of dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pool.
Therefore, there is a need to find a novel pond bottom modifier composition for application in the field of aquaculture, so as to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention discloses a composition for changing the bottom of an aquaculture pond, which can decompose organic matters at the bottom of the pond, reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide, and improve the transparency of a water body.
The invention aims to provide a pond bottom material modifying agent, which is realized by the following technical means:
a pond bottom material modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of zeolite powder, 30-55 parts of sodium humate, 10-20 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme, 10-20 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 5-10 parts of protective agent and 5-15 parts of stabilizing agent;
wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder;
the pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure;
the inner layer contains paracoccus denitrificans powder and thiobacillus denitrificans powder, and the outer layer contains bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder.
Further, the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder to the bacillus licheniformis powder to the paracoccus denitrificans powder to the thiobacillus denitrificans powder is 2:2:1:1-8:4:1: 1.
Further, the complex enzyme comprises protease.
Further, the protease is one or two of a neutral protease or an acidic protease.
Specifically, the bacillus subtilis powder is a strain with protease activity; the bacillus licheniformis is a bacterial strain with cellulase and lipase activities; the paracoccus denitrifican is a bacterial strain which can carry out denitrification in both aerobic and anaerobic environments; the thiobacillus denitrificans is a strain capable of decomposing sulfide in aerobic and anaerobic environments.
Further, the water content of the pond bottom material modifier is less than or equal to 10%.
Further, the component of the protective agent is selected from one or more of glycerol, sorbitol, butyric acid and lactic acid.
Further, the stabilizing agent is selected from one or two of magnesium stearate and argil.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the pond bottom material modifying agent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and sieving sodium humate and a part of zeolite powder; adding a part of the complex enzyme to form a mixture A;
s2, mixing paracoccus denitrificans powder, thiobacillus denitrificans powder, a mixture A, a protective agent and a part of hydroxypropyl starch, stirring to prepare a mixed material A, mixing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder, the other part of complex enzyme, the other part of zeolite powder and the other part of hydroxypropyl starch, and stirring to prepare a mixed material B;
s3, humidifying the mixed material A to prepare wet particles, and drying the wet particles at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 3-6h to form an inner layer;
s4, mixing and granulating the inner layer and the mixed material B in the step S3 to form an outer layer;
s5, adding a stabilizer into S4 to obtain a crude product; and drying the crude product to obtain the pond bottom material modifier.
The invention also aims to provide application of the pond bottom modifying agent in the field of aquaculture.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the substrate is used as an energy bank in the pond and is an important factor influencing the regulation and control of water quality.
1. The composition of the invention greatly improves the efficiency of improving the pond bottom material by compounding heterotrophic bacteria (namely bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis) and autotrophic bacteria (namely paracoccus denitrificans and thiobacillus denitrificans) powder and simultaneously assisting with high-activity complex enzyme, sodium humate, zeolite powder and the like. Specifically, the sodium humate and the zeolite powder in the composition have strong adsorption effect, can adsorb ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide and the like in the bottom water body, and the substances are settled at the bottom of the pool and are rapidly degraded by the composite bacteria, so that the decomposition efficiency of the composite bacteria on harmful substances is enhanced, and the product effect is improved; meanwhile, the net-shaped and porous structure of the sodium humate can loosen soil, improve the air permeability of the substrate and contribute to the field planting and growth of thalli. The compound enzyme in the composition can decompose macromolecular protein into micromolecular substances, degrade organic matters, provide nutrients for thalli at the initial growth stage of the thalli, shorten the delay period of the thalli and improve the survival rate of the thalli.
2. The composite bacteria in the composition are separated by an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer is autotrophic bacteria, the glycerol is taken as a protective agent, the stability of the bacteria is improved, and the outer layer is heterotrophic bacteria which are preferentially released in a water body to decompose organic substances. Bilayer structure makes the inlayer thallus obtain better protection, the inlayer thallus survival rate has been improved, and simultaneously, compare in outer thallus, the inlayer thallus release is slower, can keep certain granularity in the water, the field planting rate of inlayer thallus in the bed mud has been improved, because the inlayer thallus has the characteristic that homoenergetic degraded ammonia nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide under aerobic and anaerobic condition, the dissolved oxygen environment of pond bottom is agreed with very much, make it can decompose accumulational hydrogen sulfide in the bed mud well, matters such as nitrite and ammonia nitrogen, and then thoroughly improve the bed mud problem. Harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like and accumulated macromolecular nutrient substances are decomposed under the combined action of autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, a bottom mud layer with balanced aerobic bacteria is established, and normal carbon circulation, nitrogen circulation, oxygen exchange and trace element circulation are realized. Meanwhile, the selected strains have the characteristics of strong stress resistance, easy growth and stable properties, and the stability of the strains in the storage and transportation processes is ensured.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention ensures that the bacteria have excellent degradation effect on the degradation capability of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide at the bottom of the pool, the bottom changing effect is good, and the dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pool can be increased to a more ideal level.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention but not to limit it further.
The complex enzyme provided by the embodiment of the invention is obtained by mixing neutral protease and acidic protease according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 1
A pond bottom material modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of zeolite powder, 30 parts of sodium humate, 10 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5 parts of composite enzyme, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 5 parts of protective agent and 5 parts of stabilizing agent;
wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder; the mass ratio of the four is 4: 3: 1.
The bacillus subtilis is a high-yield neutral protease active strain; the bacillus licheniformis is a bacterial strain with cellulase and lipase activities; the paracoccus denitrifican is a bacterial strain which can carry out denitrification in both aerobic and anaerobic environments; the thiobacillus denitrificans is a strain capable of decomposing sulfide in aerobic and anaerobic environments.
The pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure.
The protective agent is glycerol and sorbitol (mass ratio is 1:1), and the stabilizing agent is magnesium stearate and argil (mass ratio is 1: 2).
The water content of the pond bottom material modifier is 8%.
The preparation method of the pond bottom material modifying agent comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and sieving 30 parts of sodium humate and 5 parts of zeolite powder according to parts by weight; adding 2 parts of complex enzyme to form a mixture A;
s2, putting paracoccus denitrificans powder, thiobacillus denitrificans powder, a mixture A, 5 parts of a protective agent and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl starch into a stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, stirring to prepare a mixed material A, mixing 5 parts of bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder, 3 parts of complex enzyme, 5 parts of zeolite powder and hydroxypropyl starch, putting into the stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, and stirring to prepare a mixed material B;
s3, humidifying the mixed material A to prepare wet particles, and drying the wet particles at 40 ℃ for 3 hours to form an inner layer;
s4, carrying out secondary granulation on the inner layer and the mixed material B in the step S3 in a disc granulator to form an outer layer;
s5, adding a stabilizer into S4 to obtain a crude product; and drying the crude product to obtain the pond bottom material modifier.
Example 2
A pond bottom material modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of zeolite powder, 55 parts of sodium humate, 10 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5 parts of composite enzyme, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 10 parts of protective agent and 15 parts of stabilizing agent;
wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder; the mass ratio of the four is 3: 2: 1.
The bacillus subtilis is a high-yield neutral protease active strain; the bacillus licheniformis is a bacterial strain with cellulase and lipase activities; the paracoccus denitrifican is a bacterial strain which can carry out denitrification in both aerobic and anaerobic environments; the thiobacillus denitrificans is a strain capable of decomposing sulfide in aerobic and anaerobic environments.
The pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure: the protective agent is glycerol and sorbitol (mass ratio is 1:1), and the stabilizing agent is magnesium stearate and argil (mass ratio is 1: 2).
The water content of the pond bottom material modifier is 9%.
The preparation method of the pond bottom material modifying agent comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing 55 parts of sodium humate and 7 parts of zeolite powder according to parts by weight, and sieving; adding 2 parts of complex enzyme to form a mixture A;
s2, putting paracoccus denitrificans powder, thiobacillus denitrificans powder, a mixture A, 10 parts of a protective agent and 10 parts of hydroxypropyl starch into a stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, stirring to prepare a mixed material A, putting bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder, 3 parts of complex enzyme, 8 parts of zeolite powder and 10 parts of hydroxypropyl starch into the stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, and stirring to prepare a mixed material B;
s3, humidifying the mixed material A to prepare wet particles, and drying the wet particles at 60 ℃ for 6 hours to form an inner layer;
s4, carrying out secondary granulation on the inner layer and the mixed material B in the step S3 in a disc granulator to form an outer layer;
s5, adding a stabilizer into S4 to obtain a crude product; and drying the crude product to obtain the pond bottom material modifier.
Example 3
A pond bottom material modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of zeolite powder, 50 parts of sodium humate, 15 parts of composite bacteria powder, 7 parts of composite enzyme, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 8 parts of protective agent and 5 parts of stabilizing agent;
wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder; the mass ratio of the four is 7: 4: 1.
The bacillus subtilis is a high-yield neutral protease active strain; the bacillus licheniformis is a bacterial strain with cellulase and lipase activities; the paracoccus denitrifican is a bacterial strain which can carry out denitrification in both aerobic and anaerobic environments; the thiobacillus denitrificans is a strain capable of decomposing sulfide in aerobic and anaerobic environments.
The pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure: the protective agent is glycerol and sorbitol (mass ratio is 1:1), and the stabilizing agent is magnesium stearate and argil (mass ratio is 1: 2).
The water content of the pond bottom material modifier is 7%.
The preparation method of the pond bottom material modifying agent comprises the following steps:
s1, 50 parts of sodium humate and 7 parts of zeolite powder are crushed and sieved according to parts by weight; adding 3 parts of complex enzyme to form a mixture A;
s2, putting paracoccus denitrificans powder, thiobacillus denitrificans powder, a mixture A, 8 parts of a protective agent and 7 parts of hydroxypropyl starch into a stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, stirring to prepare a mixed material A, putting bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder, 4 parts of complex enzyme, 8 parts of zeolite powder and 8 parts of hydroxypropyl starch into the stirrer, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 400 revolutions per minute, and stirring to prepare a mixed material B;
s3, humidifying the mixed material A to prepare wet particles, and drying the wet particles at 50 ℃ for 4 hours to form an inner layer;
s4, carrying out secondary granulation on the inner layer and the mixed material B in the step S3 in a disc granulator to form an outer layer;
s5, adding a stabilizer into S4 to obtain a crude product; and drying the crude product to obtain the pond bottom material modifier.
Comparative example 1
The only difference between comparative example 1 and example 1 is that the composite bacterial powder only contains bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder, but does not contain paracoccus denitrificans powder and thiobacillus denitrificans powder. Therefore, in comparative example 1, paracoccus denitrifican powder used in example 1 was replaced with bacillus subtilis powder of equal mass; the used denitrogenation thiobacillus powder is replaced by bacillus licheniformis powder with equal mass.
Comparative example 2
The only difference between comparative example 2 and example 1 is that the composite powder only contains paracoccus denitrificans powder and thiobacillus denitrificans powder, but does not contain bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder. Thus, in comparative example 2, the Bacillus subtilis powder used in example 1 was replaced with an equal mass of Paracoccus denitrificans powder; the used bacillus licheniformis powder is replaced by denitrogenated thiobacillus powder with equal mass.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the embodiment 1, the only difference of the comparative example 3 is that the paracoccus denitrificans powder and the thiobacillus denitrificans powder are arranged on the outer layer of the pond bottom material modifier, and the bacillus subtilis powder and the bacillus licheniformis powder are arranged on the inner layer of the pond bottom material modifier. Therefore, in comparative example 3, the ratio of the bacterial powders was unchanged, and the bacterial powder added in the mixture A of example 1 was replaced with the bacterial powder of Bacillus subtilis and the bacterial powder of Bacillus licheniformis, and the bacterial powder added in the mixture B of example 1 was replaced with the bacterial powder of Paracoccus denitrificans and the bacterial powder of Thiobacillus denitrificans.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is different from example 1 only in that the modifier has a single-layer structure. Therefore, in comparative example 4, the zeolite powder, sodium humate, composite bacteria powder (including Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus licheniformis powder, Paracoccus denitrificans powder and Thiobacillus denitrificans powder; the mass ratio of the four is 4: 3: 1), composite enzyme, hydroxypropyl starch, protective agent and the like in example 1 are mixed together and granulated, and then the stabilizing agent is added.
Test example
The micropterus salmoides compound feeds prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to a growth experiment of micropterus salmoides in a high temperature period. The specific embodiment is as follows:
the experimental example was carried out in a micropterus salmoides farm, and 8 fish ponds were selected for the experiment, namely, the example 1 group, the example 2 group, the example 3 group, the comparative example 1 group, the comparative example 2 group, the comparative example 3 group, the comparative example 4 group and the blank control group (the pond of the blank control group, the composition was not added, and other conditions were consistent with those of the examples and the comparative example). The average depth of each pond is about 2 mu, the average horizontal depth is 1.3-1.6 m, and the phenomena that ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like in water quality exceed standards and bottom mud is black and smelly appear in each pond.
The compositions for bottom modification prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were uniformly fed to 7 experimental ponds at a feed rate of 1kg/2 mu, a blank control group was not treated, and dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L) and ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in each pond before and after the test were measured3mg/L), Nitrite (NO)2mg/L) and sulfide (H)2S, mg/L), and the like. The results are shown in Table 1.
The water body indexes are detected by sampling water bodies at the bottom layers of different water areas of the pond, wherein the detection of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is carried out by adopting a multi-channel portable water quality analyzer (model: SL1000), and the detection of sulfide is carried out by adopting a portable sulfide detector (model: LHW-2A)
TABLE 1 Change in dissolved oxygen, Ammonia Nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide in ponds before and after the experiment
As shown in Table 1, after the composition disclosed by the invention is put into a pond for 1 day, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and sulfide are obviously reduced, the ecological environment of the pond is improved, and the dissolved oxygen in a water body is obviously increased. The ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide and dissolved oxygen of the control group have no obvious change.
As can be seen from example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, the bottom materials of the ponds can be obviously improved by the autotrophic bacteria combination (paracoccus denitrificans powder and thiobacillus denitrificans powder) and the heterotrophic bacteria combination (bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder). The heterotrophic bacteria combination has a better degradation effect on ammonia nitrogen, the autotrophic bacteria combination has a better degradation effect on nitrite and sulfide, and when the two compositions act together, the improvement effect on the bottom material of the pond is the best, so that the two bacteria powder compositions have a synergistic effect. It can be seen from the results of examples 1 and 3-4 that the double-layer structure of comparative example 3 and the single-layer structure of comparative example 4 have similar effects on improving the bottom of the pond, which indicates that the structure itself does not have the effect of improving the bottom improving effect, and in combination with example 1, the heterotrophic bacteria combination is placed in the inner layer, and the autotrophic bacteria combination is placed in the outer layer, so that the bottom improving effect is good. The composition can be used for keeping the bottom material of the pond in a good state for 17-23 days after one-time use.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that; the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, and the essence of the corresponding technical solutions does not depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The pond bottom material modifying agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 10-15 parts of zeolite powder, 30-55 parts of sodium humate, 10-20 parts of composite bacteria powder, 5-10 parts of composite enzyme, 10-20 parts of hydroxypropyl starch, 5-10 parts of protective agent and 5-15 parts of stabilizing agent;
wherein the composite bacterium powder comprises bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, bacillus licheniformis bacterium powder, paracoccus denitrificans bacterium powder and thiobacillus denitrificans bacterium powder;
the pond bottom modifier has a double-layer structure;
the inner layer contains paracoccus denitrificans powder and thiobacillus denitrificans powder, and the outer layer contains bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder.
2. The pond bottom material modifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder, the bacillus licheniformis powder, the paracoccus denitrificans powder and the thiobacillus denitrificans powder is 2:2:1:1-8:4:1: 1.
3. The pond substrate modifying agent of claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme comprises a protease.
4. The pond substrate modifier of claim 1, wherein the protease is one or both of a neutral protease and an acidic protease.
5. The pond substrate modifier of claim 1, wherein the pond substrate modifier has a water content of less than or equal to 10%.
6. The pond substrate modifier of claim 1, wherein the protectant composition is selected from one or more of glycerol, sorbitol, butyric acid and lactic acid.
7. A pond substrate modifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizing agent is selected from one or both of magnesium stearate and china clay.
8. A method of preparing a pond substrate modifying agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, crushing and sieving sodium humate and a part of zeolite powder; adding a part of the complex enzyme to form a mixture A;
s2, mixing paracoccus denitrificans powder, thiobacillus denitrificans powder, a mixture A, a protective agent and a part of hydroxypropyl starch, stirring to prepare a mixed material A, mixing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus licheniformis powder, the other part of complex enzyme, the other part of zeolite powder and the other part of hydroxypropyl starch, and stirring to prepare a mixed material B;
s3, humidifying the mixed material A to prepare wet particles, and drying the wet particles at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 3-6h to form an inner layer;
s4, mixing and granulating the inner layer and the mixed material B in the step S3 to form an outer layer;
s5, adding a stabilizer into S4 to obtain a crude product; and drying the crude product to obtain the pond bottom material modifier.
9. Use of a pond substrate modifying agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the field of aquaculture.
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