CN101376877A - Compound microecological preparation for purifying cultivation water, preparation formulation thereof and preparation processes of the preparation and the preparation formulation - Google Patents
Compound microecological preparation for purifying cultivation water, preparation formulation thereof and preparation processes of the preparation and the preparation formulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compound microecological preparation used to purify aquaculture water in the field of aquiculture, a preparation form and a preparation process thereof; the preparation is composed of photosynthetic bacterium, bacillus subtilis, denitrifying bacterium, coagulant aid and auxiliary components; the preparation form is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein, the outer layer comprises bacillus subtilis, denitrifying bacterium and coagulant aid, and the inner layer comprises solid photosynthetic bacterium particles. The invention breaks through the prior theory that people keeps using nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria to solve the problem of the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water in the control of aquaculture water, introduces an advanced SHARON theory in wastewater treatment, integrates the characteristics of the aquaculture water quality, purifies the aquaculture water with denitrifying bacteria strains as the main bacteria strains, can quickly and effectively reduce the content of NH3 and NO2- in the aquaculture water, is not inhibited by the concentration of the NO2-, and effectively reduces the oxygen consumption in the aquaculture water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, especially a kind of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water, formulation and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
At present along with the increase of people to the fishery products demand, many breed factory takes the high-density breeding method to improve unit output, but often this high-density breeding method can not reach corresponding fishes and shrimps output, and its reason mainly is the output that quality problem has limited fishes and shrimps.The quality problem of aquaculture water mainly comes from the organic influences such as residual bait that fish excretory ight soil and fishes and shrimps fail to ingest, and larger molecular organics is decomposed into micromolecular peptide in the aquaculture water, is oxidized into ammonia nitrogen (NH through Ammonifying bacteria
3-N), the nitrosification through nitrite bacteria forms NO again
2-, the nitrification through nitrobacteria changes NO at last
3-by plant utilization, the NH that wherein in decomposition course, produces
3-and NO
2-be toxic substance, can directly poison fishes and shrimps, reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of fishes and shrimps blood, make fishes and shrimps be in stress situation, finally cause the generation of fishes and shrimps disease, so it is extremely urgent to solve the conversion and the elimination problem of nitrogen in the aquaculture water.
The conversion and the elimination problem that solve nitrogen in the water body in the prior art are finished by some probioticses, and their activeconstituents mainly contains:
1. photosynthetic bacterium: it is a kind of bacterium commonly used, and characteristics are to have photosynthetic pigments in thalline, can carry out photosynthesis under anaerobism, illumination condition, utilizes sunlight to obtain energy.Photosynthetic bacterium utilizes hydrogen sulfide or small organic molecule as hydrogen donor in aquaculture water, with ammonia salt, amino acid etc. as nitrogenous source, the while small organic molecule also can be used as carbon source and is used, therefore photosynthetic bacterium is discharged behind aquaculture water, can eliminate objectionable impuritiess such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and organic acid rapidly, improve water body, stabilizing water quality, its water body potential of hydrogen of balance.
2. Bacillus subtillis: it is a kind of aerobic bacteria, its can secretion activity in process of growth proteolytic enzyme, lipase, amylase decompose organism in the water body very doughtily, as fishes and shrimps ight soil, residual bait and the vegeto-animal corpse etc. that swims, also can secrete simultaneously a kind of subtilin that suppresses and kill other microorganism that has, aquaculture water is further purified.
3. nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria: they all are chemoautotrophic bacterias, and obligate is aerobic, and the organism in the aquaculture water decomposes the back and generates NH
3, NH
3Under aerobic conditions, be converted into NO by nitrite bacteria
2-, NO
2-under the effect of nitrobacteria, generate NO
3-back is utilized by plant plankton.
Though above-mentioned three kinds of main probiotics activeconstituentss are used separately and can play NH in certain reduction aquaculture water
3-and NO
2-content, balance aquaculture water potential of hydrogen is eliminated the effect of objectionable impurities, but they are used separately and still have following defective:
1. photosynthetic bacterium carries out photosynthesis and does not produce oxygen under anaerobism, illumination condition, and photosynthetic bacterium can't be decomposed utilization for the larger molecular organics that enters aquaculture water such as residual bait, movement and planktonic residual body etc., moreover after using photosynthetic bacterium, the quantity of wheel animalcule heightens in the aquaculture water, cause the biological anoxic in high-density breeding pond, cause the mass mortality of fishes and shrimps.
2. breeding of Bacillus subtillis and secretion all be unable to do without oxygen, prior micro-ecological preparation adopts the raw material with strong adsorption function as carrier or make tablet and use, make Bacillus subtillis when dispensing, sink to the bottom of aquaculture water easily, and the bottom anaerobic environment of aquaculture water can not provide breeding necessary oxygen for Bacillus subtillis, so effect is not remarkable.
3. after nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria are applied in the aquaculture water simultaneously, the speed of growth of nitrite bacteria will be far longer than nitrobacteria (a 18-20 hour breeding generation), nitrobacteria is subjected to the inhibition of nitrite, ammonia nitrogen and other water-quality guideline easily, so cause the cultivation water nitrite accumulation especially easily, especially the high-density breeding water body can form nitrite poisoning, and the nitrite that produces in the breeding process just becomes the principal element that hinders aquaculture development.
Except the activeconstituents of above-mentioned three kinds of main probioticses, the bacterium or the fungi that also have some to have nitrification need organic carbon to obtain energy, and ammonification speed is also slower than nitrite bacteria, can not become the main body of nitrification; Milk-acid bacteria and yeast can not use as the beneficial microorganism main body because the restriction of its breeding condition can not effectively be bred growth in aquaculture water.
In sum, present stage fishery products the key constraints of high-density breeding be NO
2-, and probiotics commonly used and using method can not satisfy the needs that reduce nitrite in the aquaculture water.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water, this probiotics can effectively decompose larger molecular organics in the aquaculture water, ammonia nitrogen in the reduction aquaculture water (content of NH 3-N) and nitrous acid nitrogen (NO2-), and can also effectively reduce COD value in the aquaculture water.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of formulation of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water.
Three of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of preparation technology of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water, its activeconstituents and weight percent thereof are:
Photosynthetic bacterium 13-17%;
Subtilis 22.5-26.5%;
Denitrifying bacterium 33-37%;
Coagulant aids 0.3-0.7%;
Auxiliary material 23-27%.
And, the activeconstituents of described compound micro-ecological preparation and optimum weight percent thereof:
Photosynthetic bacterium 15%;
Subtilis 24.5%;
Denitrifying bacterium 35%;
Coagulant aids 0.5%;
Auxiliary material 25%.
And the raw material specification of described photosynthetic bacterium is 2.5 * 10
11Cfu/g, the raw material specification of subtilis is 1 * 10
11Cfu/g, the raw material specification of denitrifying bacterium is 6 * 10
8Cfu/g.
And described photosynthetic bacterium is adopted rhodospirillum; Denitrifying bacterium is that the intermittent aeration method through Robertson.L.A filters out.
And described coagulant aids is a modified polyacrylamide.
And, the composition of described auxiliary material and ratio of weight and number thereof:
Citric acid 38-42%;
Sodium bicarbonate 22-26%;
Xylo-Mucine 2-6%;
Starch 30-34%.
And, the composition of described auxiliary material and optimum ratio of weight and number thereof:
Citric acid 40%;
Sodium bicarbonate 24%;
Xylo-Mucine 4%;
Starch 32%.
A kind of formulation of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water is characterized in that: the formulation of compound micro-ecological preparation is made of inside and outside bilayer, and its mesectoderm comprises subtilis, denitrifying bacterium and coagulant aids, and internal layer is a solid photosynthetic bacterium particle.
And the described outer effervesce technology that adopts is made.
A kind of preparation technology of compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water is characterized in that:
Preparation technology's step is:
(1). photosynthetic bacterium is made solid particulate;
(2). carry out compoundly after Bacillus subtillis, denitrifying bacterium, coagulant aids, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate and Xylo-Mucine, starch mixed by proportioning, form compounding mixture;
(3). the compounding mixture back that stirs is added the solid particulate agent of photosynthetic bacterium, and the granulation of rolling is dried for 54 ℃, promptly gets compound micro-ecological preparation.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1. the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water has been broken past people for continue to use the theory that nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria are solved the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water, nitrite in the aquaculture water regulation and control always, introduce short distance nitration-denitrification theory of sewage disposal aspect advanced person, in conjunction with the water quality characteristics in the aquaculture water, utilize the denitrification bacterial strain aquaculture water to be carried out purifying treatment, can reduce NH in the aquaculture water fast and effectively as main bacteria seed
3And NO
2-content, be not subjected to NO
2The inhibition of-concentration, and effectively reduce oxygen-consumption in the aquaculture water.
The compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water with the denitrification bacterial strain as main bacteria seed compatibility Bacillus subtillis, utilize Bacillus subtillis can in growth and reproductive process, produce the characteristics of multiple extracellular enzyme, decompose larger molecular organics, decompose the small molecules product that obtains and to be used for keeping the growth of denitrifying bacterium, they promote mutually, better purifying aquatic water, and Bacillus subtillis decomposing organic matter has also reduced oxygen-consumption.
3. the another kind of compatibility bacterial classification of the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water is a photosynthetic bacterium, it plays a role in pond bottom, degradation of organic substances, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and other objectionable impurities, reduced the source of nitrogen, and the photosynthetic bacterium among the present invention is deposited to the bottommost of aquaculture water with the form of solid particulate agent, and breeding under anaerobic increases, and has avoided searching for food of wheel animalcule, reduce the quantity of wheel animalcule, improved the content of dissolved oxygen.
4. the Bacillus subtillis in the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water can produce the material with throwing out, add modified polyacrylamide, the two unites use, both reduced the usage quantity of polyacrylamide, prevent that aquaculture water toxicity is strong excessively, the potential hazard that polyacrylamide is not easy to degrade, strengthened the flocculation ability of microbial flocculant again, and when microbial flocculant reaches some amount, can form relatively large molecule particulate matter, or be deposited at the bottom of the pond, or eaten by filter-feeding fish, thereby play the effect that reduces aquaculture water COD.
5. the formulation of the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water adopts inside and outside double-layer structure, outer compound denitrifying bacterium, Bacillus subtillis and coagulant aids, adopt the moulding of effervesce technology, in use outer disintegration rate is fast, at aquaculture water is that disintegration is complete at the middle and upper levels, environment at the middle and upper levels is fit to the growth and the breeding of two kinds of bacterial classifications, farthest its effect of performance, the agglutinating matter that coagulant aids assists Bacillus subtillis to produce, play purifying aquatic water water quality, the effect of increasing transparency; Photosynthetic bacterium is adopted conventional granulation technique as kernel, can sink to the slowly dissolving of aquaculture water bottom, in anaerobism, growth and breeding under the longwave optical irradiation is arranged, brings into play the effect of its degraded objectionable impurities.
6. the biological inoculum rational division of work of the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water cooperation, greatly improved the efficient of purifying aquatic water, and can effectively decompose larger molecular organics in the aquaculture water, reduce (the content of NH 3-N) and nitrous acid nitrogen (NO2-) of ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water, can also effectively reduce COD value in the aquaculture water, be the compound micro-ecological preparation of the higher purifying aquatic water of a kind of creativeness.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples.Need to prove: following embodiment is illustrative, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with following embodiment.
Photosynthetic bacterium in following examples can be adopted rhodospirillum, capsula Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, be had a liking for sulphur rhodopseudomonas, Crimson rhodospirillum or yellowish-brown rhodospirillum; The false monospore bacillus of denitrification micrococci, denitrification, pseudomonas fluorescens, denitrification look bacillus or chromobacterium violaceum that denitrifying bacterium can adopt the intermittent aeration method through Robertson.L.A to filter out.
Embodiment 1
The compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water, wherein the activeconstituents of this compound micro-ecological preparation and weight thereof are:
Rhodospirillum 150g;
Subtilis 245g;
Denitrification micrococci 350g;
Modified polyacrylamide 5g;
Auxiliary material 250g.
Wherein auxiliary material comprises: citric acid 100g, sodium bicarbonate 60g, Xylo-Mucine 10g and starch 80g.
The raw material specification of rhodospirillum is 2.5 * 10 among the present invention
11Cfu/g; The raw material specification of subtilis is 1 * 10
11Cfu/g; The micrococcal raw material specification of denitrification is 6 * 10
8Cfu/g, above-mentioned mushroom all can purchase on market and obtain.
Wherein aerobic denitrifying bacteria can also obtain by the following method:
(1). take the low pond of nitrite content in breeding process, utilize the intermittent aeration method to carry out enrichment, the intermittent time is that 12h. utilizes Grignard reagent, pentanoic reagent colour development to detect the degraded situation of nitrate, cultivates a week;
(2). get supernatant liquid 0.5ml and be inoculated in (30 ℃ 120rpm) are cultivated one week of enrichment additional in good time fresh culture therebetween in the 100ml substratum.
(3). from sample enrichment liquid, draw the 2ml nutrient solution, add in the 100ml fresh liquid substratum 30 ℃ respectively, after the 120rpm shaking table is cultivated 2d, detect nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen.Get nitrate nitrogen and reduce by twice of the above operation of sample repetition many, that the nitrite nitrogen accumulation is few.The nitrate nitrogen reduction is more obvious, the diluted sample 10 that nitrite accumulation is few
7Doubly, diluent is moved in the fresh culture in 2% ratio, 30 ℃, the 120r/min shaking table is cultivated 2d.Detect ammonia nitrogen concentration, choose the most tangible sample of nitrous acid nitrogen reduction and coat the solid culture primary surface, cultivate 2d for 30 ℃, picking list bacterium colony is as the primary dcreening operation bacterium.
(4). the primary dcreening operation bacterium is inoculated in the bright liquid nutrient medium of 10mL, and 30 ℃, the 120r/min shaking table is cultivated 2d, carries out multiple sieve.Select ammonia nitrogen and reduce the most obvious and nitrite nitrogen, the few bacterium colony streak inoculation of nitrate nitrogen accumulation are cultivated on solid medium, sieve twice again, promptly obtain 4 strain aerobic denitrifying bacterias.
The formulation of the compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water is made of inside and outside bilayer, its mesectoderm comprises subtilis, denitrification micrococci and modified polyacrylamide, internal layer is a solid rhodospirillum particle, and its outer effervesce technology that adopts is made.
Step of preparation process of the present invention is:
(1) rhodospirillum is made solid particulate;
(2) carry out after Bacillus subtillis, denitrification micrococci, modified polyacrylamide, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate and Xylo-Mucine, starch are mixed by proportioning compoundly, form compounding mixture;
(3) compounding mixture is stirred back adds the solid particulate agent of rhodospirillum, and the granulation of rolling is dried for 54 ℃, promptly gets compound micro-ecological preparation.
Embodiment 2
The compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water, wherein the activeconstituents of this compound micro-ecological preparation and weight thereof are:
Rhodopseudomonas spheroides 130g;
Subtilis 265g;
Pseudomonas fluorescens 360g;
Modified polyacrylamide 7g;
Auxiliary material 238g.
Auxiliary material comprises: citric acid 95g, sodium bicarbonate 57g, Xylo-Mucine 9g and starch 77g.
Raw material specification in the present embodiment and manufacture craft are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The compound micro-ecological preparation of this purifying aquatic water, wherein the activeconstituents of this compound micro-ecological preparation and weight thereof are:
Rhodopseudomonas palustris 170g;
Subtilis 225g;
Denitrification look bacillus 370g;
Modified polyacrylamide 5g;
Auxiliary material 230g.
Auxiliary material comprises: citric acid 92g, sodium bicarbonate 55g, Xylo-Mucine 9g and starch 74g.
Raw material specification in the present embodiment and manufacture craft are with embodiment 1.
The present invention's (compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water is called for short compound micro-ecological preparation) purifying water body effect test:
1. test equipment: 60 * 35 * 70 (length * wide * height) 15 of glass jars are divided into 5 groups, and every group of three 1-4 group is test group, and the 5th, control group, in order to simulate pond environment, with the black cloth parcel, container is in random alignment under the window natural light and under the natural temperature around the cylinder.
2. test water body: excavate the black smelly bed mud of part from the natural fishpond of Tianjin Wuqing District, portion lays 10 centimetres at the experiment cylinder bottom, covers 60 centimetres of Chi Shui above, leaves standstill to begin test after 24 hours.
Test method: 1-4 group test jar add respectively compound micro-ecological preparation, photosynthetic bacterium and Bacillus subtillis (abbreviation composite bacteria), photosynthetic bacterium, Bacillus subtillis, 5 groups be the blank group.Addition manner and addition see the following form 1, every morning 10 mensuration and records that carry out dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, COD, continuous recording 7 days.
The usage quantity of the various biotechnological formulations of table 1 and using method
| Group | The preparation classification | Quantity | Mode |
| 1 | Compound micro-ecological preparation | 0.3g/m 3 | Tablet is directly thrown in |
| 2 | Composite bacteria | 0.5g/m 3 | Pulvis is splashed after being dissolved in brown sugar water |
| 3 | Photosynthetic bacterium | 1.5g/m 3 | Direct water-soluble splashing |
| 4 | Bacillus | 0.5g/m 3 | Being dissolved in the brown sugar water activation splashes |
| 5 | Blank |
4. measuring method:
(1) dissolved oxygen adopts iodimetry,iodometry to measure.
(2) ammonia nitrogen adopts the Nessler's reagent colorimetric method for determining.
(3) nitrite adopts Sulphanilic Acid and a-naphthylamines colorimetric method for determining.
(4) COD adopts the potassium permanganate method of masurement to measure.
5. result and analysis:
The trial sheet data see Table 2.
The various biotechnological formulations of table 2 are to the influence of the index of aquaculture water
(1) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of dissolved oxygen.
Compound micro-ecological preparation to the influence of dissolved oxygen by the dissolved oxygen of the visible blank group 5 of table 2 in seven days and initial value be about 3.8, some decline a little changes not quite, because be the analog culture water body, the increase of no external contaminant after on-test, dissolved oxygen does not further descend.The dissolved oxygen level of other four kinds of biotechnological formulations combinations all have in various degree raising (by the t check, p＜0.01, significant difference is the rising amplitude maximum of compound micro-ecological preparation wherein, the highlyest can reach 5.4mg/L.After adding biological bacteria, dissolved oxygen had decline in various degree in first day, and photosynthetic bacterium descends minimum, and Bacillus subtillis is maximum, is relevant with the biological nature of two kinds of dissimilar bacteriums, and Bacillus subtillis is the bacterium that aerobic gas could be bred.
(2) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water.
Blank group ammonia nitrogen content is compared significant difference (p＜0.01 with test group as can be seen from Table 2, wherein test 1 group of (compound micro-ecological preparation group) decline scope maximum, testing 1 group (compound micro-ecological preparation group) descends at most in higher level, descended 42.6%, composite bacteria has descended 24.6%, both obvious differences, and Bacillus subtillis has descended 36.4%, photosynthetic bacterium descended 34.3% and the control group comparing difference remarkable.
(3) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of nitrite.
Variation by the visible control group nitrite of table 2 is little, compound micro-ecological preparation group nitrite has obvious variation to drop to 0.14mg/L from 0.21mg/L, decrease by 33.3%, with other test group evident difference is arranged also, do not change and add the basic of Bacillus subtillis, the variation of photosynthetic bacterium is also little, and composite bacteria lowers to some extent, but degree is not as good as compound micro-ecological preparation.
(4) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of biochemical oxygen demand.
As can be seen from Table 2, the biochemical oxygen demand of compound micro-ecological preparation group has descended 2.21 in 7 days, reached 23.1%, tests 2 groups and has descended 1.87, reached 19%, test 3 groups and descended 1.75, reached 18%, test 4 groups and descended 2.05, reached 20%, the blank group has descended 0.5, has only 5.5%, and the biochemical oxygen demand effect that compound micro-ecological preparation reduces aquaculture water is remarkable.
The present invention's (compound micro-ecological preparation of purifying aquatic water is called for short compound micro-ecological preparation) tests the pond waters result of use.
1. test materials: adopt compound micro-ecological preparation, (specification is 1.0 * 10 to Bacillus subtillis
11The cfu/ gram), (specification is 2.5x10 to photosynthetic bacterium
11Cfu/g), three kinds of biotechnological formulations compare.
2. test pond: the experiment pond is that Tanghai County, Tangshan 11 farm United Nations assist exploitation standard piscinas, about 10 mu of each area, depth of water 1.8m, select wherein 10 for use as experiment pool, the main class of breeding fish in pond is a carp, breeding density is 1000 tail/mus, and stocking size is a 50-60 gram/tail, and collocation part flower silver carp amounts to 150 tails and a small amount of crucian.
3. test method: select for use a pond as the blank pond, compound micro-ecological preparation is used in the 2-4 pond, subtilis is adopted in the 5-7 pond, and photosynthetic bacterium is used in the 8-10 pond, is chosen in to use the fine morning, compound micro-ecological preparation is directly thrown in, usage quantity is 0.5g/m3, and Bacillus subtillis is thrown in brown sugar activation back, and usage quantity is 0.5g/m3, photosynthetic bacterium is directly thrown in, and injected volume is 1g/m3.Start oxygenating machine after the use, get underwater 50 centimeters water every day at 10 in the morning, measure the index of water quality, behind three groups of digital averages of experiment pool, compare, experimental period amounts to 15 days from 3 days～July 18 July in 2006.
4. test-results
Through 15 days test, detailed results data such as table 3.
Table 3 different process biotechnological formulation is to the influence (mg/L of unit) of aquaculture water water-quality guideline
(1) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of pond dissolved oxygen.
To the influence of the dissolved oxygen in the cultivating pool as can be seen from Table 3, the average 5.85mg/L of the dissolved oxygen of compound micro-ecological preparation group, compare with the 5.63mg/L of Bacillus subtillis group and the 5.66mg/L of photosynthetic bacterium group, the quantity that raises is not obvious, but and control group 5.28mg/L relatively, significant difference (p＜0.05) Bacillus subtillis and photosynthetic bacterium group and control group compare, and difference is remarkable (p＜0.05) also.
(2) compound micro-ecological preparation is to the influence of pond culture water nitrite.
As can be seen from Table 3, compound micro-ecological preparation to the influence of nitrite 0.172mg/L and control group 0.203mg/L comparing difference is remarkable and the Bacillus subtillis group relatively, significant difference; Not remarkable with photosynthetic bacterium group comparing difference.The phenomenon that nitrite raises is appearring 10-12 day suddenly in the Bacillus subtillis group, may be very fast with nitrosification process ratio, causes nitrite to suppress nitrifying process, causes the rising of nitrite.
The circulation that the present invention has broken through nitrogen in the past must rely on Ammonifying bacteria that N is converted into NH
3, be oxidized to NO by nitrite bacteria again
- 2, be converted into NO through nitrobacteria at last
- 3The theory of the conversion process of being utilized by plant plankton, the principal element of having found out the restriction nitrogen cycle in the aquaculture water is the restriction of the biological characteristics of dissolved oxygen and nitrobacteria itself, the reproduction speed of nitrobacteria is slow, to the environmental compatibility difference is main factor, the present invention mainly utilizes the theory and the method for the short distance nitration-denitrification biological denitrogenation in the sewage water technology, having found short distance nitration-denitrifying condition of compatibility is that temperature is at 20-35 ℃, free NH3 is below 5mg/L, PH is 7～8.5, the content of oxygen is more than 3mg/L, these conditions are very similar with the water surrounding of cultivating pool in summer, especially high-density is supported the shrimp pool, adopt short distance nitration-denitrification principle, promptly at NO
- 2Stage is just carried out denitrification process, finally is converted into nitrogen, gets rid of aquaculture water under the assistance of pool oxygenation machine aeration effect, reaches the purpose of denitrogenation.
The aerobic denitrifying bacteria speed of growth is than very fast, and 3-6h reaches increased logarithmic phase under laboratory condition, and 10～15h reaches the climax, and is more faster than the 18h breeding generation of nitrobacteria, and is subjected to the influence of external environment smaller.
Small organic molecule is the carbon source of denitrifying bacterium growth and breeding, so better growth for denitrifying bacterium, add Bacillus subtillis as one of compatibility bacterium, Bacillus subtillis can generate a large amount of extracellular enzyme (proteolytic enzyme in the process of growth, amylase, cellulase etc.), extracellular enzyme can decompose larger molecular organics (the residual bait of aquaculture water effectively, ight soil, the dead animals and plants that swim), make them resolve into the small organic molecule (alcohols that can be used by denitrifying bacterium, organic acid etc.), when reducing the water body biochemical oxygen demand, also provide energy derive for denitrifying bacterium.
The use of coagulant aids is can secrete the part agglutinating matter according to Bacillus subtillis in the process of growth, but the agent of coagulating of these agglutinating matters compares less, quantity is also few, add a small amount of polyacrylamide as coagulant aids, strengthen the microbial flocculant flocculation ability, when microbial flocculant reaches some amount, can form relative macromolecular particle thing, or be deposited at the bottom of the pond, or eaten by filter-feeding fish.Thereby play the effect that reduces culturing pool COD.
Photosynthetic bacterium is a kind of probiotics commonplace, that duration of service is long that uses, and price is also cheap.The effect of its decomposing organic matter, reduction ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide is unquestionable, but its characteristics have restricted its use, photosynthetic bacterium is to utilize the breeding that luminous energy under anaerobic could be fast, though some bacterial classification also can be grown at dark condition and aerobic conditions, its reproduction speed and function can not reach requirement.Traditional using method major part is to use the liquid photosynthetic bacterium simultaneously, full pool spilling head behind the dilute with water, photosynthetic bacterium on the surface is easy to become the high-quality bait of wheel animalcule, cause the quantity of wheel animalcule to heighten, wheel animalcule is the requisite foods of fishes and shrimps in the stage of growing seedlings, but support in the shrimp piscina in high-density, wheel animalcule is again to cause the pond anoxic, the important factor that fishes and shrimps are raised the nose above water to breathe, so the present invention adopts traditional particulate state photosynthetic bacterium, can directly sink to the bottom after the use, breeding under anaerobic increases, avoid searching for food of wheel animalcule, reduced the quantity of wheel animalcule.
Claims (10)
1. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a purifying aquatic water, it is characterized in that: the activeconstituents of compound micro-ecological preparation and weight percent thereof are:
Photosynthetic bacterium 13-17%;
Subtilis 22.5-26.5%;
Denitrifying bacterium 33-37%;
Coagulant aids 0.3-0.7%;
Auxiliary material 23-27%.
2. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the activeconstituents of described compound micro-ecological preparation and optimum weight percent thereof:
Photosynthetic bacterium 15%;
Subtilis 24.5%;
Denitrifying bacterium 35%;
Coagulant aids 0.5%;
Auxiliary material 25%.
3. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the raw material specification of described photosynthetic bacterium is 2.5 * 10
11Cfu/g, the raw material specification of subtilis is 1 * 10
11Cfu/g, the raw material specification of denitrifying bacterium is 6 * 10
8Cfu/g.
4. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described photosynthetic bacterium is rhodospirillum, capsula Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, have a liking for one of them of sulphur rhodopseudomonas, Crimson rhodospirillum or yellowish-brown rhodospirillum; Denitrifying bacterium is that the intermittent aeration method through Robertson.L.A filters out, and comprises denitrification micrococci, the false monospore bacillus of denitrification, pseudomonas fluorescens, denitrification look bacillus or chromobacterium violaceum.
5. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described coagulant aids is a modified polyacrylamide.
6. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the constituent and the weight percent thereof of described auxiliary material are respectively:
Citric acid 38-42%;
Sodium bicarbonate 22-26%;
Xylo-Mucine 2-6%;
Starch 30-34%.
7. the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the composition of described auxiliary material and optimum weight percent thereof are respectively:
Citric acid 40%;
Sodium bicarbonate 24%;
Xylo-Mucine 4%;
Starch 32%.
8. the formulation of the compound micro-ecological preparation of an a kind of purifying aquatic water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the formulation of compound micro-ecological preparation is made of inside and outside bilayer, its mesectoderm is that subtilis, denitrifying bacterium and coagulant aids constitute, and internal layer is a solid photosynthetic bacterium particle.
9. the formulation of the compound micro-ecological preparation of a kind of purifying aquatic water according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the described outer effervesce technology that adopts is made.
10. the preparation technology of the compound micro-ecological preparation of an a kind of purifying aquatic water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Preparation technology's step is:
(1). photosynthetic bacterium is made solid particulate;
(2). carry out compoundly after Bacillus subtillis, denitrifying bacterium, coagulant aids, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate and Xylo-Mucine, starch mixed by weight ratio, form compounding mixture;
(3). the compounding mixture back that stirs is added the solid particulate agent of photosynthetic bacterium, and the granulation of rolling is dried for 54 ℃, promptly gets compound micro-ecological preparation.
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