CN114806959A - Microbial preparation and culture water purification method - Google Patents
Microbial preparation and culture water purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114806959A CN114806959A CN202210521910.9A CN202210521910A CN114806959A CN 114806959 A CN114806959 A CN 114806959A CN 202210521910 A CN202210521910 A CN 202210521910A CN 114806959 A CN114806959 A CN 114806959A
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- ferrous
- water
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a microbial preparation and a culture water body purification method. The microbial preparation comprises a composite bacterial fixing agent and a ferrous stabilizer, and the preparation method of the composite bacterial fixing agent comprises the following steps: (1) adding composite carrier into water, stirring to obtain premixed solution, wherein the composite carrier comprises sodium alginate, zeolite powder and CaCO 3 (ii) a (2) Adding the compound bacterial liquid into the premixed liquid, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; (3) dropping the mixed solution into CaCl 2 Standing and crosslinking in the solution to obtain gel spheres; (4) washing the gel balls to obtain the composite bacterial fixative; the ferrous stabilizer is activated carbon loaded with ferrous particles. The aquaculture water purification method adopts the microbial preparation to reduce the nitrite and/or nitrate content of the aquaculture water. The microbial preparation and the culture water purification method can obtain a more rapid and efficient nitrite degradation rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a microbial preparation and a culture water body purification method.
Background
Fishery production has important significance in production and life. A large amount of bait is put into the aquaculture water body to cause the accumulation of a large amount of nitrogen, and the nitrogen is converted into ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate through the action of various microorganisms, on one hand, the nitrogen is absorbed by algae and aquatic plants, and on the other hand, the nitrate converts the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through denitrification when the conditions are mature. If the water body reaches a certain self-cleaning balance state and no external force interference exists, the nitrogen circulation in the water body is normal, and the nitric acid nitrogen is always maintained in a stable state. However, in the culture water body, the disinfectant used regularly can lead harmful and beneficial bacteria to be passed through and killed, so that the oxygen supply is insufficient, the nitrification process is blocked, and finally the content of nitrite is high.
Once nitrite in the water body is enriched, the nitrite can not only cause harm to the aquaculture water environment, but also enable the water body to be in a eutrophication state, so that plankton can grow rapidly in the water, the transparency of the water body is reduced, and the water ecosystem is seriously deteriorated; the nitrite absorbed by the cultured animals can cause the change of the hydrolytic activity of in vivo enzymes, and can also destroy the stability of cell membranes, so that adverse reactions such as difficult feeding, unsmooth breathing, reduced immunity and the like can be caused, and even a great amount of the nitrite can die. Nitrite is absorbed by human body, and can react with hemoglobin in blood to form high hemoglobin, thus affecting the oxygen transmission capability in blood, and when the nitrite content in human body is high, nitrosamine and nitrosamide, which are highly carcinogenic and mutagenic substances, can be formed, and they can induce the generation of tumor diseases of brain, intestinal tract, nervous system, bone and skin, etc.
The degradation of probiotics, which is considered as a new effective biological treatment method for reducing or eliminating the pollution of harmful compounds in aquaculture water, has been widely studied and applied in water pollution treatment. The probiotics in the microecological preparation can utilize nutrient substances (pollutants) provided by the environment to grow and reproduce, and change the nutrient substances into self substances, and simultaneously decompose a large amount of pollutants in the water body into harmless substances such as water, nitrogen and the like to be released into the environment, thereby achieving the effect of purifying the water body. The Luoxiu needle and the like find that pseudomonas JN1 screened from bottom mud of a submarine culture pond has good capability of degrading nitrite, and the degradation rate reaches more than 35%. Before the beam, etc. to research the degradation efficiency of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis on nitrite nitrogen in a water body in a single microbial agent feeding mode and a composite microbial agent feeding mode, and the result shows that the composite microbial agent can degrade nitrite nitrogen more efficiently than the single microbial agent. The culture water is purified by the composite proportioning of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus natto and nitrobacteria in the Shida forest, and the like, and the nitrite removal rate reaches 80 percent after 5 days of treatment. CN104118945A discloses a composite microecological preparation for degrading nitrite in aquaculture water and application thereof, wherein the weight ratio of streptococcus faecalis, photosynthetic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria is 20: 5: 5, combining auxiliary materials of zeolite powder, bentonite and talcum powder, wherein the weight ratio of the zeolite powder to the bentonite to the talcum powder is 35: 21: 14, the degradation rate of nitrite can reach 63.53% at most when the microecological preparation is prepared to treat aquaculture water. CN109536190B discloses a composite microbial inoculum for water quality purification, which is prepared by mixing lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus caldovelox in a ratio of 2: 1, the prepared composite microbial inoculum treats the aquaculture water body, and the degradation rate of nitrite can reach 93 percent at most. The microorganism treatment of the aquaculture wastewater has the characteristics of low cost and quick response, but is greatly influenced by the environment, the treatment effect is unstable, the survival rate and the content of beneficial bacteria in the composite microbial inoculum are low, the biological activity and the adaptability are poor, and the degradation effect on nitrite is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that microorganisms are greatly influenced by the environment, the survival rate and the content of beneficial bacteria in the compound microbial inoculum are low, the biological activity and the adaptability are poor, and the degradation effect of nitrite is unstable, the invention provides a microbial preparation and a purification method of aquaculture water.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a microbial preparation, which comprises a composite bacterial fixative and a ferrous stabilizer, wherein the preparation method of the composite bacterial fixative comprises the following steps:
(1) adding composite carrier into water, stirring to obtain premixed solution, wherein the composite carrier comprises sodium alginate, zeolite powder and CaCO 3 ；
(2) Adding the compound bacterial liquid into the premixed liquid, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) dropping the mixed solution into CaCl 2 Standing and crosslinking in the solution to obtain gel spheres;
(4) washing the gel balls to obtain the composite bacterial fixative;
the ferrous stabilizer is activated carbon loaded with ferrous particles.
Furthermore, the adding amount of the composite bacterial liquid is 2-4 wt% of the composite carrier.
Furthermore, the compound bacteria contained in the compound bacteria liquid comprise pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis. The pseudomonas stutzeri has denitrification effect and has the function of inhibiting aquatic pathogenic bacteria in a high broad spectrum; lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis are gram-positive facultative anaerobes, and can produce nitrite reductase with high yield, and nitrite can be subjected to denitrification reaction NO 2- →NO→N 2 O→N 2 To degrade or to degrade to form ammonia.
Further, the preparation method of the compound bacterial liquid comprises the following steps:
respectively inoculating activated pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis into a liquid culture medium, and culturing at a constant temperature of 33 ℃ until logarithmic growth phase to obtain four single bacterial suspensions;
(II) suspending single bacterial suspension of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis according to the ratio of 2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2, and then preparing the mixture to obtain the active bacteria with the viable count of more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10 9 cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid.
Further, the single bacterial suspension of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis is prepared according to the following ratio of 2: 1: 2: 2 in a mass ratio.
Further, the preparation method of the ferrous stabilizer comprises the following steps:
(a) washing activated carbon with distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment, taking out, boiling with electric furnace, repeatedly changing water, boiling until water is completely removed, and drying;
(b) taking FeSO 4 ·3H 2 Placing the activated carbon treated in the step (a) and O in a beaker, adding distilled water and uniformly stirring, and placing the beaker in a drying oven for soaking after sealing;
(c) and after soaking, washing the graphene with distilled water until the water is clear, and then drying for later use.
Further, the mass ratio of the composite bacterial fixing agent to the ferrous stabilizer is 2: 1.
in a second aspect, the invention provides a method for purifying aquaculture water, which adopts the microbial preparation to reduce the content of nitrite and/or nitrate in the aquaculture water.
Further, in order to improve the utilization rate of the composite bacterial fixing agent and the ferrous stabilizer, after the culture water body is purified by using a microbial preparation, the composite bacterial fixing agent and the ferrous stabilizer are respectively recycled and regenerated, the composite bacterial fixing agent is stored in a wort liquid culture medium for regeneration so as to stabilize the biological activity of the composite bacteria, and the wort liquid culture medium can provide growth factors such as a carbon source, a nitrogen source and the like required by the growth of the composite bacteria; placing ferrous stabilizer in H 2 SO 4 Regenerating in solution, and replacing Fe obtained by oxidation on activated carbon by using the principle that H proton can replace metal ions connected with carboxyl and amino under acidic condition 3+ By means of H 2 SO 4 Eluting ferrous stabilizer with eluent to re-soak FeSO 4 ·3H 2 And O washes the ferrous stabilizer to realize the regeneration of the ferrous stabilizer, thereby improving the utilization rate of the ferrous stabilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes sodium alginate, zeolite and CaCO 3 The formed composite carrier can immobilize the composite bacteria, and has the advantages of no toxic and harmful effect on bacteria, good permeability of matrix, stable mass transfer performance, difficult microbial transformation and decomposition, high mechanical strength, long service time, low price, easy obtainment, high reuse rate, no secondary pollution and the like. When the fixing agent obtained by loading the composite bacteria on the composite carrier is used for treating sewage, the density of the bacteria in the water body is high, the quality is excellent, the effective time is long, the nitrite in the sewage can be effectively degraded, and the effect of purifying the water quality is achieved; the ferrous stabilizer prepared by adsorbing ferrous iron with activated carbon is combined to purify the aquaculture water, so that the nitrite in the aquaculture water can be degraded more quickly and efficiently.
In particular, the sodium alginate used by the composite carrier is a natural polymer carrier material formed by connecting B-D-mannonate and alpha-L-gulonate,the sodium alginate has the characteristics of no immunogenicity and no toxicity to organisms, can play a role of promoting cross-linking between each solid carrier and bacteria to form a solid granular adsorbent when used for a bacterial adsorbent, has the good characteristics of high water-soluble viscosity and difficult degradation by most microorganisms, contains carboxyl and hydroxyl in the structure of the sodium alginate, can generate chelation with metal ions, achieves the purpose of embedding the bacteria and simultaneously increasing the adsorption capacity of the bacteria, and does not generate any toxic action on aquaculture objects. The zeolite powder is a powdery crystalline ore formed by grinding zeolite rock, is a porous adsorption material, has large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb bacteria in surface or internal gaps, immobilize the microorganisms, can play the activity of efficient bacteria while keeping the pollution reduction performance, efficiently degrade phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the aquaculture water body, and does not generate any toxic action on aquaculture objects. CaCO 3 Belongs to an inorganic carrier, can slowly dissolve and release calcium ions to the periphery when preparing the composite carrier, and uniformly forms a crosslinked gel network, so that the crosslinking density of the whole gel sphere is more uniform, the mechanical strength of the whole gel sphere is increased, and meanwhile, CaCO 3 The pore forming agent can increase the pore space on the surface of the gel ball, is beneficial to conveying nutrient substances into the gel ball for bacteria in the gel ball to utilize, and thus increases the mass transfer performance of the gel ball. The composite bacteria are solidified and loaded on the composite carrier, so that various bacteria can sleep in the composite carrier in advance, and a proper environment is provided for the composite bacteria, so that the content, the survival rate and the effective survival time of the composite bacteria are improved.
The activated carbon has large surface area, good porosity and strong adsorption force, can adsorb and remove nitrite in the water body when treating the aquaculture water body, but has limited treatment effect, and the treatment effect is influenced by various factors, including initial concentration of nitrite, solution temperature and the like. The invention enhances the adsorption effect by increasing the positive charges on the surface of the activated carbon, has large ferroelectric negativity and strong reducibility, can replace metal ions with low electrode potential and can also perform redox reaction with ions and compounds with stronger oxidizability. According to the invention, the activated carbon is preferably loaded with ferrous ions to prepare the ferrous stabilizer for degrading the nitrite in the aquaculture water, compared with the limitations that the zero-valent iron treated aquaculture water has large zero-valent iron particles, few surface active sites, low nitrite reducing and degrading speed and a passive film is formed on the surface of the zero-valent iron treated system after long-term operation, the ferrous activity is better and the treatment effect is better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the variation of nitrite concentration in aquaculture water treated with different microbial agents of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of nitrate concentration in the culture water treated by different microbial agents in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of nitrite concentration in a culture water body treated with the microbial preparation of example 2 at different times.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of nitrate concentration in the case of treating the culture water with the microbial preparation of application example 2 at different times.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Reagents, consumables and the like used in the following examples can be commercially obtained, unless otherwise specified, generally under the conventional conditions or under the conditions recommended by the reagent company, if the specific conditions of the experiment not specified in the examples. Wherein:
LB medium (g/L): 10.0g of tryptone, 5.0g of yeast extract powder, 10.0g of sodium chloride, water and constant volume to 1000mL, wherein the pH value before sterilization is 6.9-3.1.
MRS medium (g/L): 10.0g of peptone, 5.0g of beef extract powder, 5.0g of yeast extract, 801.0 mL of tween, 2g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 20.0g of glucose, 5.0g of sodium acetate and K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O 2.0g，MgSO 4 ·3H 2 O 0.2g，MnSO 4 ·4H 2 0.1g of O, adding water to a constant volume of 1000mL, and adjusting the pH value to 6.2-6.6 before sterilization.
The wort liquid culture medium is prepared according to the following steps:
s1, cleaning a plurality of barley or wheat with distilled water, soaking in the distilled water for 6-12 h, placing in the shade at 15 ℃ for germination, covering with a piece of gauze, sprinkling water once every day in the morning, in the middle and at night, stopping germination when the wheat root is stretched to twice of the wheat grain, spreading and drying;
s2, grinding dry malt, adding four parts of water (generally, 50g of malt powder with the volume of 100mL and 400mL of water) into one part of malt, saccharifying the mixture in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 55-60 ℃ for 3-4 hours, and boiling the mixture after the saccharification is finished;
s3, filtering the boiled saccharified liquid by using 4-6 layers of gauze, placing the filtrate in a centrifuge, centrifuging for 10min at 4000r/min, and taking supernatant;
s4, diluting the wort supernatant to 5-6 Baume degrees, namely obtaining the wort liquid culture medium, wherein the pH value before sterilization is 6.2-6.6.
The water used for preparing each culture medium is deionized water, and the culture medium is sterilized by moist heat at 115 ℃ for 20min after preparation.
Example 1
A microbial preparation, comprising, by mass, 2: 1, the bacteria used in the composite bacterial fixative are pseudomonas stutzeri (the strain number is CGMCC1.3184), lactobacillus rhamnosus (the strain number is CGMCC1.533), lactobacillus plantarum (the strain number is CGMCC1.16089) and lactobacillus brevis (the strain number is CGMCC1.3258), and the four bacteria can be purchased from the China general microbiological preservation management center.
The preparation method of the composite bacterial fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) under the stirring state, mixing sodium alginate and zeolite powder according to the ratio of 1: 1, the adding mode is favorable for avoiding agglomeration, after the sodium alginate and the zeolite powder are added, the mixture is magnetically stirred for 12 hours, and then CaCO is added 3 Continuously stirring the mixture evenly to obtain a premixed solution, CaCO 3 The adding amount is 0.1 percent by weight of the total mass of the sodium alginate and the zeolite powder, and CaCO 3 The addition of the gel balls can ensure that the mechanical property and the mass transfer performance of the gel balls are better, and the nutrient substances can be transported into the gel balls to be utilized by bacteria in the gel balls;
(2) activated bacterial strain
Activating pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis respectively, preparing LB and MRS solid culture mediums, coating a flat plate, culturing at a constant temperature of 33 ℃, selecting a single colony, streaking on the LB or MRS solid culture medium, and further purifying until the colony is uniform and free of foreign bacteria;
(3) propagation of bacterial
Picking single bacterial colony from the activated bacteria by using an inoculating loop, inoculating the single bacterial colony in an LB or MRS liquid culture medium, culturing at constant temperature of 33 ℃ to logarithmic phase to obtain four single bacterial suspensions, and washing with distilled water for 2-3 times;
(4) preparation of composite bacterial liquid
Single bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number of 2.26 × 10 9 cfu/mL；
(5) Preparation of the Mixed solution
Adding the compound bacterial liquid into the premixed liquid according to the addition of 3 wt%, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(6) preparation of gel beads
Using a syringe needle tube with the specification of 1mL, and mixing the solutionSlowly and evenly dripping 0.2mol/L CaCl 2 Standing the solution for 12h at normal temperature, and crosslinking to obtain gel beads with diameter of 2-3mm and uniform size;
(3) post-treatment
And after the crosslinking reaction is finished, filtering and separating the generated gel spheres, washing the gel spheres with distilled water, and removing residual solvent and the like on the surfaces of the gel spheres to obtain the composite bacterial fixing agent.
The preparation method of the ferrous stabilizer comprises the following steps:
(a) activated carbon treatment
Weighing appropriate amount of active carbon, washing with distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, taking out, boiling with electric furnace fire, repeatedly changing water, boiling until water is completely free of floating substances, and drying in a 110 deg.C oven to constant volume;
(b) infiltration of
10g of activated carbon and 12g of FeSO per 100mL of distilled water 4 ·3H 2 And O, after being uniformly stirred, sealing the mixture by using aluminum foil paper, and soaking the sealed mixture in a 110 ℃ oven for 24 hours.
(c) Post-treatment
And taking out the material soaked for 24 hours, washing the material with distilled water, and putting the material into an oven for drying and storing after a supernatant is clear to obtain the ferrous stabilizer.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the ratio of four single bacterial suspension in the composite bacterial liquid is different when the composite bacterial fixative is prepared, and the composite bacterial liquid of example 2 is prepared according to the following method:
bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 2, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number to be 2.63 × 10 9 cfu/mL。
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the ratio of four single bacterial suspension in the composite bacterial liquid is different when the composite bacterial fixative is prepared, and the composite bacterial liquid of example 3 is prepared according to the following method:
bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1: 2: 1, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number to be 2.33 × 10 9 cfu/mL。
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the suspension ratio of four single bacteria in the composite bacteria solution is different when the composite bacteria fixative is prepared, and the composite bacteria solution of example 4 is prepared according to the following method:
bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number to be 2.09 × 10 9 cfu/mL。
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that the ratio of the suspension of four single bacteria in the composite bacterial liquid is different when the composite bacterial fixative is prepared, and the composite bacterial liquid of example 5 is prepared according to the following method:
bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 2: 2: 1, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number of 3.22 × 10 9 cfu/mL。
Example 6
Example 6 differs from example 1 in that the ratio of the suspension of four single bacteria in the composite bacterial liquid is different when the composite bacterial fixative is prepared, and the composite bacterial liquid of example 6 is prepared according to the following method:
bacterial suspensions of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis were mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1: 2: 2, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min, mixing with sterile water, making into suspension, counting viable bacteria by microscope, and calculating viable bacteria number to be 3.12 × 10 9 cfu/mL。
Application example 1
Simulated aquaculture water with initial nitrite concentration of 0.40mg/L and initial nitrate concentration of 5.29mg/L is prepared, the simulated aquaculture water environment is taken as a research environment, the degradation effect of the microbial agents in examples 1-6 on the nitrite in the water body is examined, and the addition amount of the microbial agents is 1.5 kg/mu. The nitrite content and the nitrate content in the simulated aquaculture water body are measured after microbial preparation is added for 1h, 2h, 4h, 10h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 72h, 96h and 120h respectively, and the results are shown in figure 1-2 and table 1-2.
TABLE 1 nitrite concentration in aquaculture water at different time periods (unit: mg/L)
| Time | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| 1h | 0.396±0.011 | 0.385±0.008 | 0.376±0.013 | 0.385±0.010 | 0.390±0.011 | 0.361±0.011 |
| 2h | 0.366±0.010 | 0.345±0.005 | 0.342±0.012 | 0.358±0.010 | 0.343±0.011 | 0.316±0.010 |
| 4h | 0.307±0.011 | 0.242±0.008 | 0.262±0.009 | 0.318±0.010 | 0.252±0.012 | 0.213±0.012 |
| 10h | 0.129±0.008 | 0.130±0.004 | 0.106±0.011 | 0.189±0.014 | 0.198±0.011 | 0.089±0.009 |
| 24h | 0.098±0.009 | 0.118±0.010 | 0.086±0.008 | 0.137±0.015 | 0.176±0.010 | 0.060±0.010 |
| 36h | 0.081±0.010 | 0.105±0.010 | 0.066±0.007 | 0.104±0.008 | 0.157±0.009 | 0.053±0.013 |
| 48h | 0.076±0.011 | 0.105±0.011 | 0.063±0.009 | 0.088±0.010 | 0.134±0.008 | 0.042±0.009 |
| 72h | 0.075±0.011 | 0.108±0.014 | 0.060±0.013 | 0.086±0.011 | 0.138±0.008 | 0.042±0.009 |
| 96h | 0.074±0.011 | 0.105±0.010 | 0.059±0.007 | 0.086±0.012 | 0.134±0.007 | 0.040±0.008 |
| 120h | 0.074±0.009 | 0.105±0.010 | 0.059±0.010 | 0.086±0.011 | 0.134±0.009 | 0.040±0.006 |
Combining fig. 1 and table 1, it can be seen that example 6 has the best effect on nitrite degradation compared to the other examples. Therefore, when the ratio of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis in the microbial preparation is 2: 1: 2, the degradation rate of nitrite in the aquaculture water is highest and stable, the nitrite concentration is reduced to (0.060 +/-0.010) mg/L after 24 hours of treatment, the degradation rate is 84.9%, the nitrite degradation concentration is slightly reduced after 48 hours, the nitrite concentration is reduced to (0.042 +/-0.009) mg/L, the degradation rate is 89.6%, and then the degradation rate tends to be stable.
TABLE 2 nitrate concentration in aquaculture water at different time periods (unit: mg/L)
| Time | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| 1h | 5.180±0.081 | 5.174±0.028 | 5.132±0.010 | 5.175±0.061 | 5.274±0.021 | 5.046±0.062 |
| 2h | 4.866±0.021 | 4.777±0.095 | 4.524±0.080 | 4.508±0.092 | 4.877±0.011 | 4.271±0.083 |
| 4h | 3.943±0.012 | 3.911±0.061 | 3.034±0.071 | 3.164±0.081 | 3.111±0.012 | 2.777±0.072 |
| 10h | 2.185±0.022 | 2.324±0.021 | 1.296±0.080 | 2.063±0.091 | 2.424±0.105 | 1.069±0.075 |
| 24h | 1.855±0.012 | 2.063±0.011 | 1.063±0.087 | 1.115±0.002 | 1.963±0.088 | 0.704±0.092 |
| 36h | 1.304±0.013 | 1.678±0.011 | 0.862±0.081 | 0.935±0.021 | 1.478±0.088 | 0.630±0.081 |
| 48h | 0.985±0.021 | 1.184±0.011 | 0.741±0.097 | 0.867±0.071 | 1.344±0.077 | 0.407±0.057 |
| 72h | 0.988±0.061 | 1.184±0.010 | 0.735±0.081 | 0.856±0.051 | 1.344±0.067 | 0.407±0.057 |
| 96h | 0.988±0.062 | 1.124±0.090 | 0.730±0.084 | 0.856±0.061 | 1.324±0.064 | 0.401±0.058 |
| 120h | 0.988±0.061 | 1.124±0.090 | 0.725±0.084 | 0.856±0.052 | 1.324±0.065 | 0.401±0.052 |
Combining fig. 2 and table 2, it can be seen that example 6 has the best effect on nitrate degradation compared to the other examples. Therefore, when the ratio of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis in the microbial preparation is 2: 1: 2, the degradation rate of the nitrate in the aquaculture water body is highest and stable, the concentration of the nitrate is reduced to (0.704 +/-0.092) mg/L after 24 hours of treatment, the degradation rate reaches 86.7%, the degradation concentration of the nitrate is slightly reduced after 48 hours, the concentration of the nitrate is reduced to (0.407 +/-0.057) mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 92.3%, and then the degradation rate tends to be stable.
Application example 2
The degradation of nitrite in aquaculture waters was examined using the bacterial fixative alone and the ferrous stabilizer alone according to the conditions of application example 1, wherein the bacterial fixative was added at 1.0 kg/mu and the ferrous stabilizer was added at 0.5 kg/mu, and the results of the treatment were compared with the microbial preparation (example 6), and the results are shown in tables 3-4.
TABLE 3 nitrite concentration in aquaculture water at different time periods (unit: mg/L)
| Time | Composite bacterial fixing agent | Ferrous stabilizer | Example 6 |
| 1h | 0.395±0.009 | 0.391±0.008 | 0.361±0.011 |
| 2h | 0.367±0.010 | 0.362±0.007 | 0.316±0.010 |
| 4h | 0.303±0.011 | 0.299±0.009 | 0.213±0.012 |
| 10h | 0.269±0.005 | 0.278±0.010 | 0.089±0.009 |
| 24h | 0.251±0.008 | 0.255±0.010 | 0.060±0.010 |
| 36h | 0.244±0.010 | 0.249±0.010 | 0.053±0.013 |
| 48h | 0.227±0.013 | 0.244±0.010 | 0.042±0.009 |
| 72h | 0.219±0.013 | 0.242±0.007 | 0.042±0.009 |
| 96h | 0.219±0.012 | 0.242±0.005 | 0.040±0.008 |
| 120h | 0.219±0.012 | 0.242±0.007 | 0.040±0.006 |
As can be seen from Table 3, when the composite bacterial fixer and the ferrous stabilizer are used independently, compared with the microbial preparation, the microbial preparation has the best effect on degrading nitrite in the aquaculture water body, the degradation rate of the composite bacterial fixer on nitrite can reach up to 45.3%, and the nitrite concentration is reduced to (0.219 +/-0.012) mg/L; the degradation rate of the ferrous stabilizer can reach 39.5 percent when the ferrous stabilizer is singly used, and the nitrite concentration is reduced to (0.242 +/-0.007) mg/L; the degradation rate of the microbial preparation on nitrite can reach 89.6 percent, and the nitrite concentration is reduced to (0.040 +/-0.006) mg/L.
TABLE 4 nitrate concentration in aquaculture water at different time periods (unit: mg/L)
| Time | Composite bacterial fixing agent | Ferrous stabilizer | Example 6 |
| 1h | 5.184±0.055 | 5.244±0.061 | 5.046±0.062 |
| 2h | 4.685±0.047 | 4.717±0.071 | 4.271±0.083 |
| 4h | 3.895±0.037 | 4.265±0.045 | 2.777±0.072 |
| 10h | 3.566±0.046 | 4.006±0.046 | 1.069±0.075 |
| 24h | 3.129±0.057 | 3.612±0.059 | 0.704±0.092 |
| 36h | 2.957±0.085 | 3.385±0.081 | 0.630±0.081 |
| 48h | 2.717±0.062 | 3.121±0.057 | 0.407±0.057 |
| 72h | 2.717±0.056 | 3.121±0.052 | 0.407±0.057 |
| 96h | 2.712±0.059 | 3.122±0.059 | 0.401±0.058 |
| 120h | 2.712±0.066 | 3.121±0.058 | 0.401±0.052 |
As can be seen from Table 4, when the composite bacterial fixing agent and the ferrous stabilizer are used independently, compared with the microbial preparation, the microbial preparation has the best effect on degrading nitrate in the aquaculture water body, the degradation rate of the composite bacterial fixing agent used independently on the nitrate can reach 48.3%, and the concentration of the nitrate is reduced to (2.312 +/-0.066) mg/L; the degradation rate of the nitrite stabilizer can reach 41.0 percent when the nitrite stabilizer is used alone, and the nitrate concentration is reduced to (3.121 +/-0.058) mg/L; the highest degradation rate of the microbial preparation on the nitrate can reach 92.3 percent, and the concentration of the nitrate is reduced to (0.401 +/-0.052) mg/L.
Application example 3
The microbial preparation after the culture wastewater is treated by the corresponding example 1 is recovered, and the recovered composite bacterial fixing agent is stored in a malt wort liquid culture medium for regeneration for 12 hours; putting the ferrous stabilizer after the culture wastewater treatment into H with the concentration of 10mmol/L 2 SO 4 Eluting in solution for 6h, and then again in FeSO 4 ·3H 2 Soaking in O solution and cleaning. After regeneration, the same simulated aquaculture water is purified continuously according to the conditions of the application example 1.
FIG. 3 is the effect of the microbial preparation of example 6 on nitrite degradation in a simulated aquaculture water after five reuses. The highest degradation rate of the nitrite after the first use is 89.6%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrite after the second use is 83.3%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrite after the third use is 86.1%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrite after the fourth use is 81.9%, and the highest degradation rate of the nitrite after the fifth use is 80.3%.
FIG. 4 is the effect of the microbial preparation of example 6 on the degradation of nitrate in a simulated aquaculture water after five reuses. The highest degradation rate of the nitrate after the first use is 92.3%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrate after the second use is 90.1%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrate after the third use is 86.1%, the highest degradation rate of the nitrate after the fourth use is 84.5%, and the highest degradation rate of the nitrate after the fifth use is 82.1%.
Compared with the situation that nitrite and nitrate in the aquaculture water are degraded by treating the aquaculture water for the first time, the effect of degrading nitrite and nitrate by the microbial preparation after the second repeated use is still stable, and the degradation rate of nitrite and nitrate is reduced after the second repeated use, but the degradation rate can still be maintained to be more than 80%. The experimental results show that the microbial preparation provided by the invention can effectively reduce the content of nitrite and nitrate in the aquaculture water body within a certain time, and improve the water quality of the aquaculture water body.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A microbial preparation is characterized by comprising a composite bacterial fixing agent and a ferrous stabilizer, wherein the preparation method of the composite bacterial fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding composite carrier into water, stirring to obtain premixed solution, wherein the composite carrier comprises sodium alginate, zeolite powder and CaCO 3 ；
(2) Adding the compound bacterial liquid into the premixed liquid, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) dropping the mixed solution into CaCl 2 Standing and crosslinking in the solution to obtain gel spheres;
(4) washing the gel balls to obtain the composite bacterial fixative;
the ferrous stabilizer is activated carbon loaded with ferrous particles.
2. The microbial preparation according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the composite bacterial liquid added is 2-4 wt% of the composite carrier.
3. The microbial preparation according to claim 1, wherein the complex bacteria contained in the complex bacterial solution include Pseudomonas stutzeri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus brevis.
4. The microbial preparation according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the compound bacterial liquid comprises the following steps:
respectively inoculating activated pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis into a liquid culture medium, and culturing at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ until logarithmic growth phase to obtain four single bacterial suspensions;
(II) suspending single bacterial suspension of pseudomonas stutzeri, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis according to the ratio of 2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2, and then preparing the mixture to obtain the active bacteria with the viable count of more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10 9 cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid.
5. The microbial preparation of claim 3, wherein a single bacterial suspension of Pseudomonas stutzeri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis is present in a ratio of 2: 1: 2: 2 in a mass ratio.
6. The microbial formulation of claim 1, wherein the ferrous stabilizer is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(a) washing activated carbon with distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment, taking out, boiling with electric furnace, repeatedly changing water, boiling until water is completely removed, and drying;
(b) taking FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O, placing the activated carbon treated in the step (a) in a beaker, adding distilled water, uniformly stirring, sealing the beaker, and placing the beaker in an oven for soaking;
(c) and after soaking, washing the graphene with distilled water until the water is clear, and then drying for later use.
7. The microbial preparation of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the composite bacterial fixative to the ferrous stabilizer is 2: 1.
8. a method for purifying a culture water body, characterized in that the microbial preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for reducing the nitrite and/or nitrate content of the culture water body.
9. The method for purifying a culture water body according to claim 8, wherein the composite bacterial immobilizing agent and the ferrous stabilizing agent are separately recovered after purifying the culture water body using the microbial preparationRegenerating, storing the compound bacteria fixative in wort liquid culture medium, and placing ferrous stabilizer in H 2 SO 4 Eluting in the solution and then soaking FeSO again 4 ·7H 2 And (4) regenerating the O.
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