CN108821412A - A kind of improver of water quality and preparation method thereof for aquaculture - Google Patents

A kind of improver of water quality and preparation method thereof for aquaculture Download PDF

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CN108821412A
CN108821412A CN201810720813.6A CN201810720813A CN108821412A CN 108821412 A CN108821412 A CN 108821412A CN 201810720813 A CN201810720813 A CN 201810720813A CN 108821412 A CN108821412 A CN 108821412A
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grams
improver
water quality
extract
water
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CN108821412B (en
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李新正
张潇
王文棣
何显杰
刘晓晓
黄好强
吴太谦
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Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
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Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56Macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/101Sulfur compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/18Cyanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The improver of water quality and preparation method thereof that the invention discloses a kind of for aquaculture, the raw material composition including following weight:150-200 grams of molasses, 0-50 grams of catalase-3,20-30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 50-70 grams of DL-malic acid, 60-80 grams of citric acid, 80-100 grams of urea, 60-100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50-70 grams of chitosan, 50-80 grams of zeolite powder, 140-170 grams of humic acid, 50-70 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 30-50 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.Improver of water quality of the invention can speed up pond substance circulation, water pH value is inhibited to increase, change harmful ammonia nitrogen, the chemical processes that nitrite is formed, reduce the generation of water layer and substrate ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, improve bottom of pond mud chemical oxygen consumption (COC), health hazard of the toxic and harmful substance to aquatic livestock is reduced, promotes aquatic livestock growth, there is good social and economic benefit.

Description

A kind of improver of water quality and preparation method thereof for aquaculture
Technical field
The improver of water quality and preparation method thereof that the present invention relates to a kind of for aquaculture belongs to aquaculture technology neck Domain.
Background technique
Modern aquaculture intensive degree is higher and higher, and high-density breeding mode certainly will will lead to a large amount of high-protein feedings Material is fed, therefore has a large amount of itrogenous organic substances to be entered in water body, and the pollution of aquatic livestock discharged waste, accelerates in addition The middle and later periods of the deterioration degree of breeding water body, especially aquaculture management, cultivating pool are in high temperature cultivation season, in dissolved oxygen deficiency In the case where, above-mentioned itrogenous organic substance and residual bait consume a large amount of water body dissolved oxygen, cause the deficiency of water body dissolved oxygen, seriously endanger water Produce the existence and growth of animal.
In addition, often applying disinfectant, antibiotic etc. during aquatic animal disease prevention and treatment, also seriously destroying water The good flora system of body and the algae balance for generating oxygen.As many years of cultivating pool accumulate, residual bait, excrement, death are dynamic Necron and disinfectant, antibiotic etc. cause pool bottom sludge to deposit, and organic matter rich in, anaerobe is predominantly The sludge of position consumes a large amount of oxygen in water gas, finally because the incomplete oxidation of organic matter caused by dissolved oxygen deficiency generate total ammonia nitrogen, The poisonous and hazardous reducing substances such as nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, the water such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved oxygen amount in water body Matter index is difficult to regulation and administration, influences the normal growth and development, health and survival of aquatic livestock.Therefore, in order to improve cultivation water Environmental quality ensures that breeding production is gone on smoothly, and aquaculture water quality improving agent is just used and given birth to.
At present the mechanism of action of aquaculture water quality improving agent be usually by way of physics, chemistry or biology directly with Harmful substance interaction (such as redox reaction, absorption and coagulation precipitating, microorganism, which absorb, decomposes) in water body, removing has Evil substance reduces its concentration, achievees the purpose that improve water environment.But it finds in application process, existing improver of water quality holds Easy application effect is bad, it is difficult to be effectively improved water quality, and there is destructive raw material in modifying agent, secondary dirt can be caused to water body Dye, influences the balance of microorganism and algae in water environment, the growth that also will affect cultivated animals causes adverse effect.Therefore it is badly in need of Water quality condition can be effectively improved by researching and developing one kind, completely remove water body organism and poisonous and harmful reducing substances, safety and environmental protection Improver of water quality.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture and its Preparation method, the improver of water quality safety and environmental protection, and water water body organic matter used for aquiculture can be made to reduce, ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid Salt, hydrogen sulfide content and bottom of pond mud chemical oxygen consumption (COC) are greatly reduced, and accelerate the growth and breeding of beneficial microbe and algae and right The decomposition of organic pollutant promotes pond substance circulation, increases pond dissolved oxygen, improves breeding water body environment.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture, the raw material composition including following weight:150-200 grams of molasses, mistake 30-50 grams of hydrogen oxide enzyme, 20-30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 50-70 grams of DL-malic acid, 60-80 grams of citric acid, urea 80-100 Gram, 60-100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50-70 grams of chitosan, 50-80 grams of zeolite powder, 140-170 grams of humic acid, Radix Dipsaci extract 50-70 grams, 30-50 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
The viable count of bacillus subtilis is 1 × 1010Cfu/g, the enzyme activity of catalase are 1 × 107U/g。
The preparation method of Radix Dipsaci extract is:Teasel root was ground into the coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, is added 10 times of teasel root coarse powder The petroleum ether of weight, refluxing extraction 1-2h, degreasing discard petroleum ether extract;The teasel root dregs of a decoction volatilize petroleum ether, add teasel root 70% ethyl alcohol of 10 times of weight of the dregs of a decoction impregnates 1-2h, refluxing extraction 1-2h, and filtering obtains first time filtrate;The dregs of a decoction add 10 times again 70% ethyl alcohol of weight, refluxing extraction 1-2h, filtering obtain second of filtrate, merge filtrate twice, ethyl alcohol is recovered under reduced pressure to nothing Alcohol taste is freeze-dried, and is crushed, is obtained Radix Dipsaci extract.
The preparation method of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract is:The water of 10 times of weight is added in radix polygonati officinalis, impregnates 2-3h, decocts 1-2h, mistake Filter, obtains first time filtrate;The water of 10 times of weight is added in the dregs of a decoction, decocts 1-2h, filtering obtains second of filtrate, merges Filtrate twice is freeze-dried, and crushes, obtains Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
A kind of preparation method of the improver of water quality for aquaculture, all raw materials are uniformly mixed, are made with tablet press machine Grain to get.
The effect and effect that above-mentioned raw materials have:
Bacillus subtilis is can absorb during the growth process using COD, ammonia nitrogen, the nitrite etc. in cultivation water, is had Preferable purifying water effect;Bacillus subtilis can secrete a large amount of withered grass elements, polymyxins, mildew making during thalli growth Element, gramicidins, protease, amylase and lipase isoreactivity substance can occupy flora space advantage, inhibit harmful bacteria, disease The growth and breeding of the harmful microbes such as opportunistic pathogen, and the larger molecular organics such as residual bait and excrement in water body can be decomposed, it reduces Water body eutrophication degree;Bacillus subtilis can stimulate the growth and development of aquatic animal, improve immunoglobulin and antibody water It is flat, enhance cellular immunity and humoral immune function, improves herd immunity.
The raw material of molasses, chitosan and catalase as improver of water quality has flocculation, clear effect, can The effect of water quality improvement, purification is improved, and molasses can provide carbon source for bacillus subtilis, promote the fast of bacillus subtilis Speed activation breeding, chitosan and catalase can be improved the activity of microorganism in modifying agent and original inhabitants, and three compounds energy The function of probiotics is enough given full play to, inhibits disinfect pathogen, effectively absorbs and decompose toxic contaminants substance in water, improve modifying agent To the clean-up effect of water body, good breeding environment is maintained, reduces the generation of disease, reduces cultivation risk.
The raw materials such as humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea not only can adjust water to water body getting fat, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water Matter pH value, moreover it is possible to adsorb harmful heavy metal ion and cyanide, be released beneficial metal ion, remove ammonia in water removal Nitrogen promotes algal grown and photosynthesis, increases the dissolved oxygen of water body, improves sediment.
Zeolite has unique mineral skeleton structure, has porous channel and cavity, keeps its surface area huge, 1 gram of zeolite Surface area up to 500~1000m2, this structure determines it with powerful adsorptivity, adsorbable ammonia, carbon dioxide and sulphur Change the harmful substances such as hydrogen, therefore can purify water, reduces that water body is toxic and harmful substance contents.Furthermore it is dynamic to contain aquatic products for zeolite Object whole macroelements needed for growth and development and most of microelement.These elements all exist with ionic condition, can be by water Animal is produced to be utilized.
Malic acid and citric acid can inhibit certain micro-organisms using acidity using acid-base neutralization principle solution ammonia poison alkali poison, Such as breeding of cyanobacteria, bacterium, virus endangers small, safety and environmental protection to the Small side effects of aquatic animal.
Radix Dipsaci extract and Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract can promote the breeding of probiotics, inhibit the breeding of germ, effectively prevent arc The germs such as bacterium infect aquatic animal, and water body environment is made to be in the good ecological balance;Meanwhile Radix Dipsaci extract and radix polygonati officinalis mention It takes object to discharge in water body, can be absorbed and utilized by aquatic animal, the growth and development of aquatic animal can be promoted, improve water The immunity of raw animal body, provides the digestibility of aquatic animal, pollution of the aquatic animal excrement to water body is reduced, with animal body Interior probiotics and enzyme plays a role jointly.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages that:
(1) improver of water quality of the invention can speed up pond substance circulation, and water pH value is inhibited to increase, and change harmful ammonia The chemical processes that nitrogen, nitrite are formed, reduce the generation of water layer and substrate ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, improve bottom of pond and become silted up Mud chemical oxygen consumption (COC) reduces health hazard of the toxic and harmful substance to aquatic livestock, promotes aquatic livestock growth.
(2) improver of water quality of the invention promotes the growth and breeding of aerobic microbiological and beneficial algae, inhibits disinfect pathogen Growth improves the decomposition efficiency to organic pollutant, increases pond dissolved oxygen content, improves water body dissolved oxygen situation, improves cultivation water Body environment improves water body dissolved oxygen content, improves the survival rate of aquatic livestock, reduces disease incidence, increases economic benefit.
(3) improver of water quality of the invention is environmentally protective, without side-effects to aquatic animal, and raw material is easy to get, easy to use, New approach is provided for the purification of aquaculture system, there is good social and economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
The preparation method of Radix Dipsaci extract is:Teasel root was ground into the coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, is added 10 times of teasel root coarse powder The petroleum ether of weight, refluxing extraction 1h, degreasing discard petroleum ether extract;The teasel root dregs of a decoction volatilize petroleum ether, add teasel root medicine 70% ethyl alcohol of 10 times of weight of slag impregnates 2h, refluxing extraction 1h, and filtering obtains first time filtrate;The dregs of a decoction add 10 times of weight again 70% ethyl alcohol, refluxing extraction 1h, filtering obtain second of filtrate, merge filtrate twice, ethyl alcohol are recovered under reduced pressure to no alcohol taste, cold Jelly dry, pulverize, and obtain Radix Dipsaci extract.
The preparation method of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract is:The water of 10 times of weight is added in radix polygonati officinalis, impregnates 2h, decocts 1h, filtering obtains To first time filtrate;The water of 10 times of weight is added in the dregs of a decoction, decocts 1h, filtering obtains second of filtrate, and merging is filtered twice Liquid is freeze-dried, and is crushed, is obtained Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
The viable count of bacillus subtilis is 1 × 1010Cfu/g, the enzyme activity of catalase are 1 × 107U/g。
Embodiment 1
A kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture, the raw material composition including following parts by weight:150 grams of molasses, peroxide 50 grams of hydrogen enzyme of change, 30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 70 grams of DL-malic acid, 60 grams of citric acid, 90 grams of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100 Gram, 50 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 170 grams of humic acid, 50 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 30 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
Preparation method is to be uniformly mixed all raw materials, with granulation machine be granulated to get.
Embodiment 2
A kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture, the raw material composition including following parts by weight:160 grams of molasses, peroxide 30 grams of hydrogen enzyme of change, 20 grams of bacillus subtilis, 60 grams of DL-malic acid, 80 grams of citric acid, 100 grams of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 70 Gram, 70 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 140 grams of humic acid, 70 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 50 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture, the raw material composition including following parts by weight:200 grams of molasses, peroxide 40 grams of hydrogen enzyme of change, 30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 50 grams of DL-malic acid, 70 grams of citric acid, 80 grams of urea, 60 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 60 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 170 grams of humic acid, 50 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 40 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect
Zhengzhou Gongyi cultivates the pond of mandarin fish, and 10 mu of area, 1.5 meters of the depth of water, water colour is bad, water quality deterioration, and application is originally Afterwards (200 grams/acre), water colour improves the improver of water quality (embodiment 1) of invention, and transparency increases, each breeding water body in application front and back Chemical index variation see the table below.Simultaneously according to illustrating to apply certain commercially available brand water quality improvement in the pond of another same specification Agent, water colour has a little improvement for 24 hours after application, and transparency is improved, and overall effect is unobvious.
As can be seen from the table, after applying improver of water quality of the invention for 24 hours, the pH value of breeding water body, ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid Salt, hydrogen sulfide and bed mud COD are remarkably decreased, and dissolved oxygen amount is significantly increased, and illustrate that improver of water quality of the invention plays well Improvement water quality effect.
The foregoing is merely the optimal embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have Various modifications and variations.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all It is included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of improver of water quality for aquaculture, which is characterized in that the raw material composition including following weight:Molasses 150- 200 grams, 0-50 grams of catalase-3,20-30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 50-70 grams of DL-malic acid, 60-80 grams of citric acid, urine Plain 80-100 grams, 60-100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50-70 grams of chitosan, 50-80 grams of zeolite powder, 140-170 grams of humic acid, continue Disconnected 50-70 grams of extract, 30-50 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
2. improver of water quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material composition including following weight:Molasses 150 Gram, 50 grams of catalase, 30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 70 grams of DL-malic acid, 60 grams of citric acid, 90 grams of urea, biphosphate 100 grams of potassium, 50 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 170 grams of humic acid, 50 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 30 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
3. improver of water quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material composition including following weight:Molasses 160 Gram, 0 gram of catalase-3,20 grams of bacillus subtilis, 60 grams of DL-malic acid, 80 grams of citric acid, 100 grams of urea, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate 70 grams of hydrogen potassium, 70 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 140 grams of humic acid, 70 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 50 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
4. improver of water quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material composition including following weight:Molasses 200 Gram, 40 grams of catalase, 30 grams of bacillus subtilis, 50 grams of DL-malic acid, 70 grams of citric acid, 80 grams of urea, biphosphate 60 grams of potassium, 60 grams of chitosan, 50 grams of zeolite powder, 170 grams of humic acid, 50 grams of Radix Dipsaci extract, 40 grams of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
5. improver of water quality according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the viable count of bacillus subtilis is 1×1010Cfu/g, the enzyme activity of catalase are 1 × 107U/g。
6. improver of water quality according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the preparation of the Radix Dipsaci extract Method is:Teasel root was ground into the coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, the petroleum ether of 10 times of weight of teasel root coarse powder, refluxing extraction 1- is added 2h, degreasing discard petroleum ether extract;The teasel root dregs of a decoction volatilize petroleum ether, add 70% ethyl alcohol of 10 times of weight of the teasel root dregs of a decoction 1-2h, refluxing extraction 1-2h are impregnated, filtering obtains first time filtrate;The dregs of a decoction add 70% ethyl alcohol of 10 times of weight, refluxing extraction again 1-2h, filtering obtain second of filtrate, merge filtrate twice, and ethyl alcohol is recovered under reduced pressure to no alcohol taste, is freeze-dried, crushes, obtain Radix Dipsaci extract.
7. improver of water quality according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the preparation of the Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract Method is:The water of 10 times of weight is added in radix polygonati officinalis, impregnates 2-3h, decocts 1-2h, filtering obtains first time filtrate;In the dregs of a decoction The middle water that 10 times of weight is added decocts 1-2h, and filtering obtains second of filtrate, merges filtrate twice, is freeze-dried, and crushes, obtains To Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
8. a kind of preparation method of improver of water quality according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that by all raw materials Be uniformly mixed, with tablet press machine be granulated to get.
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CN112624250A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-09 天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司 Water quality regulator for aquaculture

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