Efficient oxygen increasing agent used in aquaculture and application thereof
Technical Field
A formula of an efficient oxygen increasing agent for aquaculture and a manufacturing process thereof, belonging to the field of aquaculture.
Technical Field
With the development of national economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of people for fresh and live aquatic products is more and more large, so that the artificial cultivation of the fresh and live aquatic products is developed quickly, and in the production process and the process of supplying to the market, an oxygen increasing technology is required to be used for ensuring the yield and the quality of the fresh and live products.
The existing oxygen increasing agents are large in using amount and multiple in variety, such as hydrogen peroxide-carbon amide difunctional oxygen increasing agents and carbonic acid amide high-efficiency oxygen increasing agents, and the oxygen increasing agents are prepared by reacting organic matters with untreated hydrogen peroxide produced by an anthraquinone method, so that the oxygen increasing agents contain organic matters, heavy metal ions and other harmful substances and have certain pungent smell, certain harm can be caused to a human body in aquaculture and oxygen absorption health care, and the oxygen increasing agents are not beneficial to the health of the human body; moreover, the stability of the oxygen increasing agent is poor, and when the temperature is higher or the storage time is longer, the oxygen increasing agent is easy to decompose, and the active oxygen amount is reduced and the effect is reduced when the oxygen increasing agent is used.
For example, CN 101759271A discloses a composition of the oxygen increasing agent, wherein the composition comprises 1: H2O 2: Ca (OH)2 (1.2-1.25): 1 (molar ratio), 2: FeCl 3: Na3PO4 (1: 1.05-1.10) (molar ratio), the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the four raw materials according to the molar ratio, preparing 11202 in the composition 1 into a 10-15% aqueous solution, adding another component into a reaction kettle, adding Ca (0H)2 into ice cubes, controlling the reaction temperature to be 35 ℃ at 2 ℃, keeping the reaction for 20 minutes, filtering and drying the mixture to obtain yellow powder to obtain a finished product of the component 1, adding water into the FeC L3 of the component 2 to prepare a 15-20% aqueous solution, adding water into the Na3P04 to prepare a 10-15% aqueous solution, mixing the two aqueous solutions to obtain a solution, controlling the ra value to be 7, filtering and drying the obtained water to obtain a large amount of the oxygen increasing agent, and crushing the finished product to obtain a large amount of the oxygen increasing agent, and the oxygen increasing agent.
CN 102531072A discloses an oxygen increasing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 130 parts of refined salt, 700 parts of edible soda ash, 1000 parts of 27% hydrogen peroxide solution, 50 parts of a coating agent, 3 parts of a stabilizer and 200 parts of an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is dextrin, the stabilizer is sodium silicate, and the coating agent is a high-molecular film forming agent. The oxygen increasing agent is prepared from edible soda ash, a hydrogen peroxide solution purified to reach the food industry standard, a stabilizer and a coating agent, has good stability and active oxygen content higher than 13%, does not contain harmful substances such as organic matters and heavy metal ions, and does not have pungent smell. The compound fertilizer is applied to aquaculture, does not harm human health, and does not pollute the surrounding environment.
CN 104671435A discloses an environment-friendly culture water body slow-release oxygen-increasing agent and a preparation method thereof. The oxygen increasing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of zeolite; 15-20 parts of chlorite; 10-15 parts of acidic potassium sulfate; 10-20 parts of a mixture of powdery bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and EM (effective microorganisms); 10-15 parts of proteolytic enzyme; 5-10 parts of organic modified expanded vermiculite; 20-30 parts of sodium perborate; 10-15 parts of quicklime; 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate; 10-12 parts of a slow release agent; 10-20 parts of a protective agent. The product can deeply permeate into the bottom of the pool, quickly decompose sludge at the bottom of the pool, degrade residual baits, feces, animal and plant corpses and organic broken shoulders at the bottom of the pool, and the used compound microorganism bacteria can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, algal toxins and the like at the bottom of the pool, thereby improving the oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pool.
CN 103435111A discloses a calcium peroxide oxygen increasing agent granule, which comprises 60-77% of calcium peroxide mixture, 15-25% of bentonite, 5-8% of crospovidone, 2-5% of dry starch and 1-2% of benzalkonium bromide by mass percentage; the calcium peroxide mixture contains calcium peroxide and calcium hydroxide, and the percentage content of the calcium peroxide is 65-75%. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing calcium peroxide mixture powder, bentonite, crospovidone and dry starch to obtain an oxygen increasing agent mixture; adding water and benzalkonium bromide into the mixed oxygen increasing agent to obtain a mixed wet oxygen increasing agent material; and granulating and polishing the mixed wet material of the oxygenation agent to obtain the calcium peroxide oxygenation agent particles. The calcium peroxide oxygen increasing agent particles disclosed by the invention can quickly sink to the bottom of the pool and quickly disintegrate to form calcium peroxide suspended matters, and then gradually release oxygen to be absorbed by water. The manufacturing method has the characteristics of simple process, low production cost and the like.
CN106186150A discloses an attapulgite adsorption oxygen increasing agent and a production method, the key point of the technical proposal is that the production method of the attapulgite adsorption oxygen increasing agent is as follows: the ingredients of the attapulgite adsorption oxygen increasing agent are mixed and crushed, the fineness of the crushed particles is less than or equal to 0.15 mm, and the crushed particles are packaged into finished products. The attapulgite adsorption oxygen increasing agent comprises attapulgite clay, natural mineral adsorbent, sodium percarbonate, quicklime and ferrous sulfate. After the attapulgite adsorption oxygen increasing agent is scattered into the aquaculture water, free oxygen which can be dissolved in water is gradually released, the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water is increased, floating heads and ponds of aquaculture animals such as fish, shrimps and crabs caused by oxygen deficiency are relieved and removed, and harmful toxins such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and algae in the aquaculture water can be effectively adsorbed.
However, the above oxygen increasing agent is either complex in preparation process, high in cost or inconvenient to use, and has poor effect, so that the oxygen increasing agent is convenient and quick, the cost is low, the existing oxygen increasing agent technology generally has the defects of low oxygen production, short use time, high cost and the like, and the similar Chinese patent applications are not few, so that the improvement is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a culture oxygenation agent which can make up the adverse effect caused by a water quality environment and greatly improve the survival rate of organisms in a culture water body.
The invention provides an improved oxygenation agent, which comprises, by weight, 30-50 parts of sodium peroxide sulfate, 25-40 parts of ferrous chloride, 6-10 parts of magnesium stearate, 6-10 parts of sodium cellulose, 8-12 parts of mica sulfate and 3-8 parts of span.
Specifically, the invention provides an improved oxygenation agent, which comprises, by weight, 45 parts of sodium peroxide sulfate, 30 parts of ferrous chloride, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 5 parts of sodium cellulose, 10 parts of mica sulfate and 5 parts of span.
The invention also provides an improved oxygen increasing agent which comprises, by weight, 40-50 parts of sodium percarbonate, 25-35 parts of ferrous chloride, 3-8 parts of magnesium stearate, 3-8 parts of sodium cellulose, 8-12 parts of mica sulfate and 3-8 parts of span.
The invention also provides an improved oxygenation agent which comprises 45 parts by weight of sodium percarbonate, 30 parts by weight of ferrous chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium stearate, 5 parts by weight of sodium cellulose, 10 parts by weight of mica powder and 5 parts by weight of span.
The use method of the culture oxygenation agent comprises the following steps: the water consumption is 10-20 g per 10m3 water.
A preparation method of an improved oxygen increasing agent for rapidly increasing oxygen in water bodies comprises the following steps:
a. weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, crushing the sodium peroxide sulfate into particles with the particle size of less than 20 meshes, and crushing the other raw materials into particles with the particle size of less than 80 meshes;
b. adding a formula amount of each component into a mixer, and mixing evenly;
c. pressing the mixed raw materials into tablets, blocks, balls or rods with the monomer mass of more than 0.2g, controlling the humidity to be less than 45% R.H., and controlling the pressure to be 2.1-4.2T/cm2And packaging to obtain the finished product.
The invention also provides an improved oxygen increasing agent with slow release effect, which realizes the slow release effect of the oxygen increasing agent by combining the oxygen increasing agent with an immobilized carrier.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the immobilized carrier, which comprises the steps of crushing straw, sieving with 30-80 meshes, performing steam explosion, and carbonizing at 250 ℃ to obtain the immobilized carrier.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the oxygen increasing agent with slow release effect, wherein the oxygen increasing agent prepared by the method comprises the following steps of: 5-15, taking out the carrier, quickly immersing the carrier into 1.0-2% of chitosan, taking out the carrier and immediately drying the carrier to obtain the immobilized oxygenation agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: 1. the oxygen increasing agent provided by the invention is simple in component, and the oxygen production amount is higher through optimization of each component. 2. The immobilized carrier provided by the invention is convenient in material acquisition and low in price, the prepared carrier has proper pore size for slow release, the carrying capacity is higher, and the prepared carrier has a longer slow release effect. 3. A large number of experiments of the oxygen increasing agent in a farm show that the survival rate and the growth rate of fishes are at least improved by more than 15 percent, and the economic benefit is obvious. Is a culture oxygen increasing agent with strong practicability.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of oxygen enhancer 1
The formula comprises 45 parts by weight of sodium peroxide sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ferrous chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium stearate, 5 parts by weight of sodium cellulose, 10 parts by weight of mica powder and 5 parts by weight of span. Weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, crushing the sodium peroxide sulfate into particles with the particle size of less than 20 meshes, and crushing the other raw materials into particles with the particle size of less than 80 meshes; adding a formula amount of each component to the mixer, and mixing evenly; pressing the mixed raw materials into a ball preparation with the monomer mass of more than 0.2g, controlling the humidity to be less than 45% R.H., and controlling the pressure to be 2.1-4.2T/cm2And packaging to obtain the finished product.
Example 2 preparation of oxygen increasing agent 2
The formula comprises 40 parts by weight of sodium percarbonate, 30 parts by weight of ferrous chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium stearate, 5 parts by weight of sodium cellulose, 10 parts by weight of mica powder and 5 parts by weight of span. Weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, crushing the sodium percarbonate into particles with the particle size smaller than 20 meshes, and crushing the other raw materials into particles with the particle size smaller than 80 meshes; adding the components in the formula ratio into a mixer, and uniformly mixing; pressing the mixed raw materials into a ball preparation with the monomer mass of more than 0.2g, controlling the humidity to be less than 45% R.H., and controlling the pressure to be 2.1-4.2T/cm2And packaging to obtain the finished product.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of sustained Release vehicle
Taking straw, drying, pulverizing, 30-80 mesh, steam blasting at 121 deg.C for 5s, and carbonizing at 250 deg.C to obtain immobilized carrier.
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of sustained Release formulation of oxygenator 1
The formula comprises 45 parts by weight of sodium peroxide sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ferrous chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium stearate, 5 parts by weight of sodium cellulose, 10 parts by weight of mica powder and 5 parts by weight of span. Weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, crushing the sodium peroxide sulfate into particles with the particle size of less than 20 meshes, and crushing the other raw materials into particles with the particle size of less than 80 meshes; adding a formula amount of each component to the mixer, and mixing evenly; the above mixed raw materials are pressed into a pellet formulation with a monomer mass of more than 0.2g, humidity controlled to be less than 45% R.H., and pressure 2.1T/cm2And packaging to obtain the finished product.
EXAMPLE 5 preparation of sustained Release formulation of oxygenator 2
The formula comprises 40 parts by weight of sodium percarbonate, 30 parts by weight of ferrous chloride, 5 parts by weight of magnesium stearate, 5 parts by weight of sodium cellulose, 10 parts by weight of mica powder and 5 parts by weight of span. Weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, crushing the sodium percarbonate into particles with the particle size smaller than 20 meshes, and crushing the other raw materials into particles with the particle size smaller than 80 meshes; adding a formula amount of each component to the mixer, and mixing evenly; then adding the sustained-release carrier prepared in the example 3 with equal mass, pressing the mixed raw materials into a ball preparation with the monomer mass of more than 0.2g, controlling the humidity to be less than 45% R.H. and the pressure to be 2.1T/cm2, and packaging to obtain a finished product.
Example 6 Water oxygenation experiment
The formulation prepared in example 1/2/4/5 was compared with a prior art oxygen increasing agent A prepared by combining 45g of sodium carbonate, 98g of sodium bicarbonate and 7g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and an oxygen increasing agent B disclosed in example 1 of CN 100584772C; and (2) respectively putting various oxygen increasing agents with the same mass into the same water body, wherein the oxygen increasing agents are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 g: 1m3The dissolved oxygen in the water body is measured in 5h, 2d and 5d respectively, and the water body conditions are the same. The results are as follows:
oxygen increasing agent
|
Dissolved oxygen amount of 5h (mg/L)
|
2d dissolved oxygen amount (mg/L)
|
5d dissolved oxygen (mg/L)
|
Example 1 oxygen increasing agent
|
9.36
|
8.10
|
7.97
|
EXAMPLE 2 oxygen increasing agent
|
9.40
|
8.02
|
7.89
|
Example 4 oxygen increasing agent
|
6.23
|
6.30
|
6.34
|
Example 5 oxygen increasing agent
|
6.20
|
6.25
|
6.29
|
Oxygen increasing agent A
|
8.02
|
7.11
|
4.35
|
Oxygen increasing agent B
|
7.87
|
6.21
|
4.82
|
Blank control water body
|
4.21
|
4.20
|
4.23 |
In addition, in a fish culture test, under the same condition, the average growth speed of the fish adopting the oxygen increasing agent of the invention is 10-8% faster than that of the oxygen increasing agent A and B of a control, and the oxygen increasing agent has a better function of promoting the growth of the fish.
The results show that the oxygen increasing agent prepared by the invention has better oxygen increasing effect, particularly the sustained-release oxygen increasing agent can keep continuous and stable release effect, and has better application prospect.