CN110833011A - Method for cultivating cortex moutan - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for cultivating cortex moutan comprises the following steps of 1, soil preparation: firstly, removing weeds, and then spreading 100 kilograms of granular organic compound fertilizer per mu on the ground; mechanical deep ploughing; 2. and (3) nursery stock treatment: trimming roots before planting; disinfecting root systems; 3. plant row spacing: 80 x 100 cm; 4. the planting adopts a semi-pulping planting method: in order to prevent root rot caused by gaps between root systems on the inner sides of root crowns and soil during planting of peony seedlings, firstly 2-3 kilograms of water is poured into dug Wai, half Wai of the water is pulped to form slurry, the ratio of the soil to the water is 3-4: 1, then the peony seedlings are placed, the root systems on the lower portions of the peony seedlings are immersed into the slurry to be tightly combined with the soil without gaps, the upper portions of the peony seedlings are covered with soil and are compacted, the planting depth is 3-5cm higher than the original soil mark, and the specification of Wai is 40 cm. According to the invention, the problem of low head and face covering of the peony is solved by locally using the plant growth regulator at the stem of the peony and managing and cultivating at the later stage, so that the quality of the peony is improved, the ornamental effect of a peony garden is improved, and the requirements of numerous tourists are met.

Description

Method for cultivating cortex moutan

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant culture methods, in particular to a method for cultivating cortex moutan.

Background

Through the two-year observation and research, when some peony varieties bloom, flowers are large, the colors are bright, petals are overlapped and regular layer by layer, the peony tree is very beautiful and elegant, the diameter of some flowers can reach 30 cm, but the defects in beauty are that some varieties of flowers are opened once, even when the flower buds are large, the problem of head lowering and face covering is caused, some droops are serious, the ornamental effect of peony plants is influenced, tourists also put forward the problem for many times, many measures are taken aiming at the problem, some flowers are manually straightened and pulled by lines, some flowers are supported by wooden sticks, but the effect is not good, time and labor are wasted, and the stems are easily broken. In the maintenance work, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied additionally, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, so that the purposes of strengthening trees and increasing the flower stem supporting force are achieved, but the effect is not obvious, so that the problem of the head lowering and covering of individual varieties of the peony is not caused by the characteristics of the varieties.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating golden pavilion peonies, aiming at the defects in the prior art.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to realize a golden pavilion peony cultivation method by adopting the following technical scheme, and the specific cultivation method is as follows:

(I) planting time: middle and last ten days of 8 months to middle and last ten days of 9 months, the period being 20-30 days;

(II) planting method

1. Land preparation: firstly, removing weeds, then spreading 100 kilograms of granular organic compound fertilizer per mu on the ground, and uniformly mixing the soil and the fertilizer; mechanically deep ploughing to 50cm depth;

2. and (3) nursery stock treatment: before planting, trimming roots, and cutting off and trimming the overlong, diseased, disabled and withered roots of the peony roots; disinfecting root systems, and dipping the roots with 1000 times of carbendazim solution for treatment;

3. plant row spacing: 80 x 100 cm;

4. the planting adopts a semi-pulping planting method: in order to prevent root rot caused by gaps between root systems on the inner sides of root crowns and soil during planting of peony seedlings, firstly 2-3 kilograms of water is poured into dug Wai, half Wai of the water is pulped to form slurry, the ratio of the soil to the water is 3-4: 1, then the peony seedlings are placed, the root systems on the lower portions of the peony seedlings are immersed into the slurry to be tightly combined with the soil without gaps, the upper portions of the peony seedlings are covered with soil and are compacted, the planting depth is 3-5cm higher than the original soil mark, and the specification of Wai is 40 cm;

(III) burying soil for cold protection after planting

1. Ridging, earthing and strip drawing-proof

On the basis of the original ridging and ridging, soil covers are buried in time to prevent air drying and water loss stripping;

2. watering, preserving soil moisture and survival

The frozen water is poured, when the water content of the soil is lower than 60%, the soil is more in coagulated blocks, the soil is cracked and dry, the frozen water is poured to preserve soil moisture, and the safe overwintering is facilitated;

3. mulching film

When the soil temperature is lower than 18-23 ℃, the peony seedlings need to be covered with a mulching film, the ground temperature is increased, and the roots are promoted to grow;

the requirement of the mulching film is as follows: the color is earthy or black, and the thickness is 0.02-0.05 mm;

the film coating method comprises the following steps: covering the peony ridges, firstly picking up sundry branches on the clean ridges, then arranging the ridges and covering with mulching films to improve the ground temperature, leaving top bud branches on the upper parts of the peony nursery stock soil piles without covering with the films, pulling the mulching films open, then covering with soil and sealing, and completely covering the edges of other mulching films to preserve heat and prevent cold; (IV) cultivation management

1. In the stage of germination

Removing the mulching film of the peony in the first ten days of 3 months, adjusting the water content of the root system soil of the peony, increasing the permeability of the soil, slowly digging the soil for 2-3 times after 8-10 days, slightly digging the soil without damaging main lateral buds of branches, cutting off dry and dead branches, thin and weak branches and dense branches, reserving 6-12 strong branches for each plant, reserving 1-2 main lateral buds at the top, removing the bud tillers and the lateral buds to concentrate nutrition, promoting the growth of the terminal buds, and then backfilling the fine soil to preserve soil moisture;

topdressing 100 jin of organic compound fertilizer particles per mu, wherein the fertilization method is inter-row fertilization, two ditches are arranged in each row, the distance between every two ditches and the peony plant is 20 cm, and the depth of each ditch is 8-10 cm; after fertilization, sprinkling irrigation, micro-sprinkling and flood irrigation are adopted for watering, and the watering depth is 10-15 cm;

2. bud showing period, bud standing period and bud warping period

Treating with 15% paclobutrazol 100 times, 150 times and 200 times in the middle ten days of 4 months; the treatment time is divided into three times, wherein the first treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 30 cm, the second treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 35 cm, and the third treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 40 cm; during treatment, the buds are well sleeved by a plastic bag so as to avoid influencing the growth and development of the buds after being dipped in the medicament;

performing second pruning on the peony in the period, and removing tillering buds and lateral buds; simultaneously, removing weeds in the field by hands;

3. small aeolian bells-large aeolian bells period-round buds period-flat buds period-color-transparent period

Leaving 2-3 well-developed buds per plant, and removing the rest buds when leaves grow to 7-9 pieces, leaves are unfolded and the bud diameter reaches 2-3 centimeters;

when the peony plants reach the color-permeable period to the large mouth-holding period, spraying water, and adding 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate or an Aiduo foliar fertilizer for spraying;

4. initial blooming period, full blooming period, late flowering period, and initial fruiting period

In the middle and late 4 months to 5 months, peony flowers successively and is shaded properly before flowering. Therefore, proper shading measures are adopted during the flowering period of the peony to enable the peony to receive light before 9 am and after 5 pm;

after flowers are withered, flowers, abortive flowers and fruits which are bloomed on peony branches are all removed, so as to save nutrients and promote nutrient accumulation of plants, then the ploidy Bordeaux mixture is sprayed for 2-3 times to protect leaves, and meanwhile, the three medicaments, namely the pesticide, the bactericide and the leaf fertilizer are respectively mixed into a container according to the proportioning concentration to form liquid medicine and are uniformly sprayed on the leaves and the branches of the plants in combination with leaf surface fertilization;

5. dozing period

And 6-8 months, before rainy season, the root of the peony is subjected to soil heap drought resistance and soil moisture preservation, and in rainy season, water accumulation is prevented, and intertillage and weeding are performed in time. The rainy season is also the high incidence period of plant diseases and insect pests,

the specific control method comprises the following steps: and (3) pest control: spraying 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 600 times of 50% captan by using a protective agent or a bactericide once every 10 to 15 days and continuously spraying for three times;

6. cold-proof management

In the middle and last ten days of 10 months, after the peony leaves, the dead branches and fallen leaves are removed, so that cleanness and sanitation in the garden are achieved, and the pathogenic bacteria sources are reduced;

and (4) before the soil is frozen in the middle and last ten days of 11 months, cultivating a soil pile of 10 cm for cold protection.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the problem of low head and face covering of the peony is solved by locally using the plant growth regulator at the stem of the peony and managing and cultivating at the later stage, so that the quality of the peony is improved, the ornamental effect of a peony garden is improved, and the requirements of numerous tourists are met.

Detailed Description

A cultivation method of Paeonia ostii comprises the following specific cultivation methods:

(I) planting time: middle and late 8 months to middle and upper 9 months.

(II) planting method

(1) Land preparation: firstly, removing weeds, then spreading 100 kilograms of granular organic compound fertilizer per mu on the ground, and uniformly mixing the soil and the fertilizer; mechanically deep ploughing to 50cm depth.

(2) And (3) nursery stock treatment: before planting, trimming roots, cutting off and trimming the roots of the peony, such as overlong roots, diseases and disabilities, withered roots and the like; disinfecting root system, dipping the root with 1000 times of carbendazim solution.

(3) Plant row spacing: 80 x 100 cm

(4) The planting adopts a semi-pulping planting method: in order to prevent root rot caused by gaps between root systems on the inner side of root crowns and soil during planting of peony seedlings, firstly 2-3 kg of water is poured into dug Wai, half Wai of the water is pulped, (the mixture is in a porridge shape, the ratio of the soil to the water is 3-4: 1), then the peony seedlings are placed, the root systems on the lower portions of the peony seedlings are immersed into slurry and tightly combined with the soil without gaps, and the upper portions of the peony seedlings are covered with soil and compacted. The planting depth is slightly higher than the original ground mark by 3-5cm, and the specification of the planting is Wai, 40 x 40 cm.

(III) burying soil for cold protection after planting

1. Ridging, earthing and strip drawing-proof

In order to ensure the survival rate of the tree peony seedlings, the planted tree peony seedlings are required to be frequently checked on the basis of the original ridge culture and ridging, and the phenomena of soil ridge cracks, soil blocking and branch exposure need to be timely found, so that the tree peony seedlings are tightly buried in soil, and air drying, water loss and strip drawing are strictly prevented.

2. Watering, preserving soil moisture and survival

And (3) pouring the frozen water, wherein the frozen water is poured in the land blocks lacking moisture according to the large difference of factors such as the standing conditions, soil moisture, underground water level and soil texture: if the water content of the soil is lower than 60 percent, the soil is too much to be blocked, the soil is cracked and dry, the frozen water is poured to preserve the soil moisture, and the safe overwintering is realized.

3. Mulching film

According to the characteristics of the peony (autumn rooting, spring germination, summer napping and winter dormancy), the autumn rooting of the peony is the key for survival, the optimal ground temperature is 18-23 ℃, the wound callus generation is fast, the rooting is more, and the survival rate is high. Because the time for planting the peony in some fields is late, the ground temperature can not reach the proper temperature for rooting of the peony, the growth of new roots is inhibited, and all seedlings after 9 months and 25 days for planting the peony are covered with a mulching film, so that the ground temperature is improved, and the roots are promoted to grow.

The requirement of the mulching film is as follows: the color is earthy or black, and the thickness is 0.02-0.05 mm;

the film coating method comprises the following steps: covering the peony ridges, firstly picking up sundry branches on the clean ridges, then arranging the ridges and covering with mulching films to improve the ground temperature, leaving top bud branches on the upper parts of the peony nursery stock soil piles uncovered, pulling the mulching films open (breathable), covering with soil and sealing, and completely covering the edges of other mulching films to preserve heat and prevent cold;

(IV) cultivation management

1. In the stage of germination

Removing the mulching film of the peony in the last ten days of 3 months, adjusting the water content of the root system soil of the peony, and increasing the permeability of the soil. After 8-10 days, slowly digging soil for 2-3 times according to weather conditions, wherein the soil needs to be lightly raked without damaging main lateral buds of branches, dry and dead branches, thin and weak branches and dense branches are cut off, 6-12 strong branches are left in each plant, 1-2 main lateral buds are reserved at the top, the tillering buds and the lateral buds are removed to concentrate nutrition, the growth of the top buds is promoted, and then, fine soil is backfilled to preserve soil moisture.

Applying 100 jin of organic compound fertilizer particles per mu before and after Qingming festival, wherein the application method is applying fertilizer between rows, each row is provided with two ditches, the distance between the ditches and the peony plants is 20 cm, and the depth of the ditches is 8-10 cm. After fertilization, sprinkling irrigation, micro-sprinkling and flood irrigation are adopted for watering, and the watering depth is 10-15 cm. 2. Bud period-bud period (using paclobutrazol in this period)

Treating with 15% paclobutrazol 100 times, 150 times and 200 times in the middle ten days of 4 months; the treatment time is divided into three times, wherein the first treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 30 cm, the second treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 35 cm, and the third treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 40 cm; during treatment, the buds are well sleeved by a plastic bag so as to avoid influencing the growth and development of the buds after being dipped in the medicament.

Performing second pruning on the peony in the period, and removing tillering buds and lateral buds; simultaneously, removing weeds in the field by hands;

the plant growth regulator is paclobutrazol, and is a systemic and wide plant growth retarding regulator and bactericide. Can be absorbed by the roots, stems and leaves of plants, the absorption of the roots and the stems acts on the whole plants, and the absorption of the leaf surfaces only acts on local parts. Can inhibit growth of root system and nutrient, increase chlorophyll content, inhibit growth of terminal bud, promote formation of lateral bud and flower bud, increase bud number, increase fruit setting rate, improve fruit quality, and improve cold resistance. The paclobutrazol is a bactericide with high activity and wide bactericidal spectrum and is a herbicide for inhibiting various monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.

Aeolian belling period-round bud period-flat bud period-color-transparent period

According to the growth vigor of the plants, 2-3 well-developed buds are remained in each plant, and the rest buds are removed when the leaves grow to 7-9 pieces, the leaves are unfolded and the bud diameter reaches 2-3 centimeters.

When the peony plants reach the color-permeable period to the large mouth-holding period (initial opening period), water is sprayed according to the weather condition, and 0.3 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or foliage fertilizers such as Aiduoshou and the like can be added for spraying.

4. Initial blooming period, full blooming period, late flowering period, and initial fruiting period

In the middle and late 4 months to 5 months, peony flowers successively, and proper shading is required before flowering, although peony prefers light but is not exposed to the sun, and peony grows best under weak shade when blooming. In the full-bloom period of the peony, if proper shading is not carried out, the temperature is too high, buds can generate the phenomenon of 'bag burning', flowers can not bloom, the blooming period can be shortened, flowers which bloom in the full-bloom period can lose luster easily, and the ornamental value is reduced. Therefore, during the flowering period of the peony, proper shading measures are adopted, so that the peony receives light before 9 am and after 5 pm. Therefore, the peony flower is bright in color, the flowering phase is prolonged, and the phenomena of blade sunburn, burnt edges and the like caused by sunlight can be effectively avoided.

After the flowers are withered, the flowers, the abortive flowers and the whole-length fruits on the peony branches are all removed, so that the nutrients are saved, and the nutrient accumulation of the plants is promoted. Then spraying the boldo liquid for 2-3 times to protect the leaves. Meanwhile, by combining foliar fertilization, the pesticide, the bactericide and the foliar fertilizer are respectively blended into a container according to respective proportioning concentration to form liquid medicine (the liquid medicine is dissolved by adopting a secondary dilution method during medicine blending) and are uniformly sprayed on leaves and branches of plants.

5. Dozing period

And 6-8 months, drought resistance and soil moisture preservation are performed on the peony root soil heap (standard, the seedling base soil heap is 10 cm higher than the ground) before rainy season, water accumulation is prevented in rainy season, intertillage and weeding are performed in time, and no wasteland is realized in the garden. The rainy season is also a high disease and insect pest period, and frequent inspection is needed to achieve prevention, early discovery and prevention are achieved, and healthy growth of plants is ensured. The specific control method comprises the following steps:

firstly, pest control: the protective agent or the bactericide can be used, namely 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000-time liquid or 50% captan 600-time liquid (see the medicament specification for details) is sprayed once every 10 to 15 days and is continuously sprayed for three times, so that diseases such as brown spot, anthracnose, rust disease, powdery mildew and the like are prevented and treated; the tree peony underground pests include grub, wireworm, cutworm, etc. the control method is to take off soil under root of tree peony, each plant is used by 5-7 g, also can use phoxim granules, 3 kg per mu, add 15 kg of fine sandy soil, mix them uniformly, then spread them on the ground, then intertill, mix them with surface soil and uniformly kill pests, or use 300 times of 50% phoxim emulsifiable solution to irrigate, each basin (plant) is irrigated with 3-5 kg of liquid medicine, and the irrigation is based on basin (dibble) soil. The contact insecticide or stomach poison for growing season is prepared from 1000 times liquid of beta-cypermethrin or 2000 times liquid of 2.5% beta-cyhalothrin (detailed in the description of the pesticide) for preventing and controlling cotton bollworm, cabbage caterpillar, fall webworm, chafer (black tortoise shell, Aerugo tortoise shell), weevil, borer, red spider, ladybug and other aboveground pests. Second, other management: the planted peony needs to be intertillage and weed in time, and the use of herbicide is forbidden. In the period, compound fertilizer is applied for 1-2 times, 5-10 g is applied in a pot, and 100 jin is applied per mu.

6. Cold-proof management

In the middle and last ten days of 10 months, after the peony leaves, the dead branches and fallen leaves are removed, so that cleanness and sanitation in the garden are achieved, and the source of pathogenic bacteria is reduced.

And (4) before the soil is frozen in the middle and last ten days of 11 months, cultivating a soil pile of 10 cm for cold protection.

The biological characteristics of peony: peony is a small shrub of perennial deciduous leaf in Paeoniaceae and Paeonia, and has slow growth, small plant type and plant height of 0.5-2.0 m. The root is fleshy, thick and long, the center is lignified, the length is generally 0.5-0.8 m, and the length of few roots can reach more than 2 m. The color of root bark and root pulp is different from variety to variety in white, yellow-white, purple, etc. The branches are upright, crisp and round, the branches are bushy from the root and stem, the branches are smooth, herbaceous and yellow brown in the current year, lignification is started in the second year, and the trunk is generated after autumn. Perennial branches have brown skins which often crack and peel off. The leaves are intertidal, the leaves usually have two-fold and three-fold compound leaves, the upper parts of branches are usually single leaves, the small leaves have the shapes of needle, oval, ellipse and the like, the terminal small leaves are usually 2-3 cracks, the upper parts of the leaves are dark green or yellow, and the lower parts of the leaves are grayish green, smooth or hairy. The total petiole is 8-20 cm long and has grooves on its surface. The flower grows on the top of the current-year branch, and has amphiprotic property, the flower diameter is 10-30 cm, and the flower has nine colors of white, yellow, pink, red, purple, black, blue, green and compound color. The stamens and the stamens are frequently subjected to the petal formation phenomenon, the natural increase of petals and the stamens and the petals formation degree are related to the product cultivation environmental conditions, the growth period and the like, most of the stamens and the stamens of normal flowers are strong in seed setting force, the seed maturity is high, the stamens and the petals formation degree of the stamens and the stamens are high, and the seeds are few and not solid or seed setting; complete flower stamens are abscissed, the carpels are generally 5, but less 8, each has a chamber of a bottle-shaped ovary, a marginal placenta and a plurality of ovules. Gu whole-length fruit pentagon, each fruit horn bears 7-13 seeds, the seeds are nearly circular, the mature seeds become yellow, the old seeds become black brown, the diameter of the mature seeds is 0.6-0.9 cm, and the thousand seeds weigh about 400 g.

Ecological habit of peony: the peony has the growth characteristics that the roots which are like to be dry, afraid of moisture and seeper are fleshy roots, and the peony can be planted in neutral or slightly alkaline soil or sandy loam which has high terrain, good drainage, deep soil layer, loose and fertile property, and the roots are deep and leafy, and the flowers are large and bright. Saline-alkali, waterlogged or shallow soil is not suitable for planting. The peony is particularly afraid of water accumulation, and even in summer with high temperature and heavy rain, serious damage can be caused by water accumulation in a short period, the root and the leaf of a light person are injured to be yellow, and the root of a heavy person is rotten, and branches and leaves are withered. Peony, which grows in plots with a large amount of water in the soil for a long time, is mediocre in color.

The growth characteristics of peony: 1. bud, stem, etc. start to move: when the temperature is stabilized above 4 ℃ in spring, the bud coated with the scaly sheet begins to sprout and expand, the top end cracks, and the leaf tip is exposed or the flower bud appears. And (3) stem drawing and leaf releasing of leaf buds above 6 ℃, flower stem drawing of flower buds, leaf growing on stems, top flowering, and bud differentiation starting again at leaf axillary after blossom withering. The annual growth amount is 10-30 cm, the flower stem cannot be lignified all the year round, and the flower stem can only be withered to the bulbil from top to bottom before winter comes, and the actual survival is only one fourth of the annual growth amount, namely, the growth is one-inch long and eight-inch short. After the peony buds germinate, the scales begin to fall off to leave bud scale marks, so that the tree age of the peony can be identified according to the scale bud marks.

2. Flower bud differentiation characteristics: when the peony blooms, the fruit and the seed develop, and the new flower bud also begins to differentiate. The time for differentiating the single petal flower buds is short, the differentiation can be completed only by three months, namely, from late 8 months to late 9 months, the differentiation of the double petal flower buds is slow, and the differentiation can be completed only by eleven months.

3. Flowering characteristics: in normal years, before and after 2 months (rain) every year, the bulbil begins to sprout and expand, the top ends before and after frightened hibernation are broken and show buds, the stems are drawn out before and after spring equinox, the leaves are unfolded, the buds rapidly increase on the left and right sides of Qingming, and the buds begin to bloom before and after grain rain.

4. Growth characteristics of the roots: stopping growth at a temperature lower than 4 ℃ and presenting a semi-dormant state until the temperature is higher than 4-5 ℃ in the last 1 or 2 months of the next year, wherein the underground root also starts to grow while seedlings start to germinate, and then the growth is accelerated along with the rise of the temperature. The growth of the seeds at high temperature (30-35 ℃) in summer falls into a semi-dormant state. Before and after 8 months in autumn, the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃, particularly in the period of 25-18 ℃, the root grows fastest, and then the growth activity of the root is gradually weakened along with the continuous reduction of the temperature until the temperature of the ground is reduced to below 4 ℃ and the growth is stopped.

According to the invention, the problem of low head and face covering of the peony is solved by locally using the plant growth regulator at the stem of the peony and managing and cultivating at the later stage, so that the quality of the peony is improved, the ornamental effect of a peony garden is improved, and the requirements of numerous tourists are met.

Finally, the embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the patent disclosure, and are not intended to be limited to the details shown. Modifications and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A cultivation method of Paeonia ostii is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific cultivation method comprises the following steps:

(I) planting time: middle and last ten days of 8 months to middle and last ten days of 9 months, the period being 20-30 days;

(II) planting method

1. Land preparation: firstly, removing weeds, then spreading 100 kilograms of granular organic compound fertilizer per mu on the ground, and uniformly mixing the soil and the fertilizer; mechanically deep ploughing to 50cm depth;

2. and (3) nursery stock treatment: before planting, trimming roots, and cutting off and trimming the overlong, diseased, disabled and withered roots of the peony roots; disinfecting root systems, and dipping the roots with 1000 times of carbendazim solution for treatment;

3. plant row spacing: 80 x 100 cm;

4. the planting adopts a semi-pulping planting method: in order to prevent root rot caused by gaps between root systems on the inner sides of root crowns and soil during planting of peony seedlings, firstly 2-3 kilograms of water is poured into dug Wai, half Wai of the water is pulped to form slurry, the ratio of the soil to the water is 3-4: 1, then the peony seedlings are placed, the root systems on the lower portions of the peony seedlings are immersed into the slurry to be tightly combined with the soil without gaps, the upper portions of the peony seedlings are covered with soil and are compacted, the planting depth is 3-5cm higher than the original soil mark, and the specification of Wai is 40 cm;

(III) burying soil for cold protection after planting

1. Ridging, earthing and strip drawing-proof

On the basis of the original ridging and ridging, soil covers are buried in time to prevent air drying and water loss stripping;

2. watering, preserving soil moisture and survival

The frozen water is poured, when the water content of the soil is lower than 60%, the soil is more in coagulated blocks, the soil is cracked and dry, the frozen water is poured to preserve soil moisture, and the safe overwintering is facilitated;

3. mulching film

When the soil temperature is lower than 18-23 ℃, the peony seedlings need to be covered with a mulching film, the ground temperature is increased, and the roots are promoted to grow;

the requirement of the mulching film is as follows: the color is earthy or black, and the thickness is 0.02-0.05 mm;

the film coating method comprises the following steps: covering the peony ridges, firstly picking up sundry branches on the clean ridges, then arranging the ridges and covering with mulching films to improve the ground temperature, leaving top bud branches on the upper parts of the peony nursery stock soil piles without covering with the films, pulling the mulching films open, then covering with soil and sealing, and completely covering the edges of other mulching films to preserve heat and prevent cold;

(IV) cultivation management

1. In the stage of germination

Removing the mulching film of the peony in the first ten days of 3 months, adjusting the water content of the root system soil of the peony, increasing the permeability of the soil, slowly digging the soil for 2-3 times after 8-10 days, slightly digging the soil without damaging main lateral buds of branches, cutting off dry and dead branches, thin and weak branches and dense branches, reserving 6-12 strong branches for each plant, reserving 1-2 main lateral buds at the top, removing the bud tillers and the lateral buds to concentrate nutrition, promoting the growth of the terminal buds, and then backfilling the fine soil to preserve soil moisture;

topdressing 100 jin of organic compound fertilizer particles per mu, wherein the fertilization method is inter-row fertilization, two ditches are arranged in each row, the distance between every two ditches and the peony plant is 20 cm, and the depth of each ditch is 8-10 cm; after fertilization, sprinkling irrigation, micro-sprinkling and flood irrigation are adopted for watering, and the watering depth is 10-15 cm;

2. bud showing period, bud standing period and bud warping period

Treating with 15% paclobutrazol 100 times, 150 times and 200 times in the middle ten days of 4 months; the treatment time is divided into three times, wherein the first treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 30 cm, the second treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 35 cm, and the third treatment is carried out when the scape grows to 40 cm; during treatment, the buds are well sleeved by a plastic bag so as to avoid influencing the growth and development of the buds after being dipped in the medicament;

performing second pruning on the peony in the period, and removing tillering buds and lateral buds; simultaneously, removing weeds in the field by hands;

3. small aeolian bells-large aeolian bells period-round buds period-flat buds period-color-transparent period

Leaving 2-3 well-developed buds per plant, and removing the rest buds when leaves grow to 7-9 pieces, leaves are unfolded and the bud diameter reaches 2-3 centimeters;

when the peony plants reach the color-permeable period to the large mouth-holding period, spraying water, and adding 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate or an Aiduo foliar fertilizer for spraying;

4. initial blooming period, full blooming period, late flowering period, and initial fruiting period

In the middle and late 4 months to 5 months, peony flowers successively and is shaded properly before flowering. Therefore, proper shading measures are adopted during the flowering period of the peony to enable the peony to receive light before 9 am and after 5 pm;

after flowers are withered, flowers, abortive flowers and fruits which are bloomed on peony branches are all removed, so as to save nutrients and promote nutrient accumulation of plants, then the ploidy Bordeaux mixture is sprayed for 2-3 times to protect leaves, and meanwhile, the three medicaments, namely the pesticide, the bactericide and the leaf fertilizer are respectively mixed into a container according to the proportioning concentration to form liquid medicine and are uniformly sprayed on the leaves and the branches of the plants in combination with leaf surface fertilization;

5. dozing period

And 6-8 months, before rainy season, the root of the peony is subjected to soil heap drought resistance and soil moisture preservation, and in rainy season, water accumulation is prevented, and intertillage and weeding are performed in time. The rainy season is also the high incidence period of plant diseases and insect pests,

the specific control method comprises the following steps: and (3) pest control: spraying 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 600 times of 50% captan by using a protective agent or a bactericide once every 10 to 15 days and continuously spraying for three times;

6. cold-proof management

In the middle and last ten days of 10 months, after the peony leaves, the dead branches and fallen leaves are removed, so that cleanness and sanitation in the garden are achieved, and the pathogenic bacteria sources are reduced;

and (4) before the soil is frozen in the middle and last ten days of 11 months, cultivating a soil pile of 10 cm for cold protection.