CN110583262A - Cutting rooting method for shiny-leaved yellowhorn - Google Patents
Cutting rooting method for shiny-leaved yellowhorn Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583262A CN110583262A CN201911000723.0A CN201911000723A CN110583262A CN 110583262 A CN110583262 A CN 110583262A CN 201911000723 A CN201911000723 A CN 201911000723A CN 110583262 A CN110583262 A CN 110583262A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting rooting method of xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and shearing strips: selecting healthy and strong semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests in the current year, and carrying out strip shearing treatment; s2, soaking the cut branches in a rooting agent, cutting the branches into a pure perlite substrate, and spraying to keep the leaves moist; s3, carrying out rooting and seedling raising treatment on the branches subjected to cuttage by adopting a plant factory intelligent control system, and dividing the treatment into four stages: s31, an activation period, cutting until callus appears; s32, during the callus period, callus appears until the first-level root appears; s33, in the hardening seedling stage, the first-level roots to the second-level roots appear: s34, transplanting the secondary roots; in the four stages, the intelligent control system of the plant factory automatically controls the illumination time and the nutrient solution applying time, and automatically controls spraying according to the comparison of the collected environment temperature, the leaf water film storage amount and the leaf temperature with the system threshold value. The cuttage seedling cultivated by the method has no virus accumulation, developed root system, strong tree seedling and high survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant propagation, and relates to a cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge.
Background
Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge belongs to sapindaceae Xanthoceras deciduous trees or shrubs, also called pawpaw, wenge and shinyleaf eclipta, has high oil content of 50-70 percent, is mostly unsaturated fatty acid, mainly contains eicosenoic acid, palmitic acid, linolenic acid and the like, and is particularly suitable for preparing biodiesel. The content of unsaturated fatty acid is as high as 86-93.18%, the types of the unsaturated fatty acid are more than those of peanut oil and olive oil, the unsaturated fatty acid contains trace myristic acid and has a palmitic acid odor fragrance, and 11, 14-eicosadienoic acid is firstly found to exist, so that the unsaturated fatty acid has a good development prospect as high-grade edible oil. The xanthoceras sorbifolia leaf contains 19.8-23% of protein, which is higher than that of black tea. The caffeine content in the leaves is close to that of the flower tea, and the tea can be used as a beverage. The shell and the fruit shell can be used as chemical raw materials such as active carbon, furfural (the fruit shell contains about 12% of furfural), xylitol, alcohol and the like. The full trees of the shinyleaf yellowhorn are flowers, the flower colors are red, yellow and white, the flowers are double-petal flowers and single-petal flowers, the flowering period is as long as 20 days, and the shinyleaf yellowhorn full-flower tree has high gardening ornamental value and is also a good honey source plant.
The cutting propagation adopted at present needs a large amount of basic seedlings, and is easy to cause virus accumulation, thereby influencing the genetic characteristics of excellent seedlings. The survival rate of grafting propagation and plant division propagation is low, the rooting rate of branch cutting is low, and the tissue culture is difficult to root. Therefore, a cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, which has the advantages of excellent biological genetic characteristics, no virus accumulation, developed root system, robust saplings, high survival rate, simplicity in operation and high efficiency, is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, which is characterized in that the environmental parameters of cutting, including temperature, leaf water film storage capacity, illumination and the like, are monitored in real time through a plant factory intelligent control system, the illumination intensity, the spraying time and the spraying amount are automatically controlled, and finally, cutting seedlings with developed root systems, no viruses and high survival rate are cultivated.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a cutting rooting method of shiny-leaved yellowhorn specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and shearing strips:
selecting healthy and strong semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests in the current year, and carrying out strip shearing treatment;
s2, after the cut branches are soaked in a rooting agent, the cut branches are cut into a pure perlite substrate, and the cut branches and the substrate are kept wet by spraying;
s3, carrying out rooting and seedling raising treatment on the branches subjected to cuttage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s31, activation period, cutting until callus appears:
from the date of cuttage, controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomizing coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 300-2400 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at daytime to be 50% and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at night to be 40%, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval at daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the callus appears and has bulges;
s32, callus stage, wherein callus appears to the first-level root:
controlling the illumination time of the plant to be 10-12 hours from the callus of the branch, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 300-2400 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 5400-7200 seconds, and the time of each night spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value in the daytime to be 40% and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value in the nighttime to be 30%, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at nighttime is 5400-7200 seconds, and the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the first-level roots appear on the callus, the root system is white and healthy;
s33, in the hardening seedling stage, the first-level roots to the second-level roots appear:
controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 420-2400 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 7200-9000 seconds, and the time of each night of spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 30% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 20% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 420-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 7200-9000 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, carrying out spraying once every 300-420 seconds, wherein the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; until the secondary root grows out;
s34, secondary root transplanting:
controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 3-8 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 30-35 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 600-3600 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 9000-10800 seconds, and the time of each night of spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 20% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 10% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 600-3600 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 9000-10800 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the root system sends out and grows in large quantity, and then transplanting is carried out.
Preferably, in step S1, the strip shearing method includes: the upper cut is flat, the lower cut is oblique, the upper cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the petioles, the lower cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the eyes, the direction of the lower cut is opposite to the direction of the eyes, the angle of the lower cut is 45 degrees, two petioles are reserved, and 3-5 pairs of blades are reserved on each petiole; in the process of cutting the strips, spraying to keep the leaves of the branches moist, and soaking and shading the wounds.
Preferably, the time for soaking the rooting agent in the step S2 is 2 h.
Preferably, the rooting agent is Inethylnaphthalene acetic acid, Suanmianbao No. 1 or 3-indolebutyric acid.
Preferably, the concentration of the rooting agent in the step S2 is 200-400 PPM.
Preferably, in step S3, a plant factory intelligent control system is adopted to perform rooting and seedling raising processing on the branches after cuttage, the plant factory control system comprises a controller, an environmental factor acquisition module, a human-computer interaction module and an execution control module, the environmental factor acquisition module, the human-computer interaction module and the execution control module are respectively connected with the controller, the environmental factor acquisition module comprises an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor and a moisture sensing control device, the illumination sensor is used for monitoring the illumination intensity received by the branches, the temperature sensor comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environmental temperature, the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the leaf temperature, the moisture sensing control device is used for monitoring the water film storage capacity of the leaves, and the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor and the moisture sensing control device respectively upload the monitored values to the controller, the controller is pre-stored with a mist coefficient interval divided according to the environment temperature, and outputs a control command to the execution control module after comparing the received numerical value with a mist coefficient threshold value, a blade water film storage amount threshold value and a blade temperature threshold value which are pre-stored in the system respectively, wherein the execution control module comprises a light source, a spraying device and a fertilizing device.
Preferably, the human-computer interaction module is a smart phone, a computer or a visual display, and is used for reading data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition module and inputting a threshold control command.
Preferably, in step S3, the light intensity is (0-60). times.1000 Lu X.
Preferably, the nutrient solution is 0.2-1.5 wt% of urea solution.
Preferably, the moisture sensing control device is a dry and wet ball type moisture evaporation controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the cutting rooting method for the shinyleaf yellowhorn is simple and efficient, environmental parameters including leaf temperature, environmental temperature, leaf water film storage capacity, illumination and the like are monitored in real time through the intelligent control system of a plant factory, the illumination intensity, the spraying time and the spraying amount are intelligently controlled, manpower is saved, manual intervention is reduced, errors caused by manual experience are avoided, the environmental parameter control is more accurate, and the rooting rate is higher.
(2) The cutting seedling cultivated by the method has excellent biological genetic characteristics, no virus accumulation, developed root system, robust tree seedling and high survival rate.
(3) The invention adopts pure perlite as a substrate, reduces viruses and meets the requirements of wound healing on water, fertilizer, gas and temperature to the maximum extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent control system of a plant factory.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments, features and performance aspects of the invention are described in detail below.
According to the invention, the plant factory intelligent control system is adopted to monitor environmental parameters in real time, wherein the environmental parameters comprise leaf temperature, environmental temperature, leaf water film storage amount, illumination and the like, the illumination intensity, spraying time and spraying amount are intelligently controlled, manual control is omitted, and manpower is saved. As shown in fig. 1, the plant factory intelligent control system comprises a controller, an environmental factor collection module, a human-computer interaction module and an execution control module, wherein the environmental factor collection module, the human-computer interaction module and the execution control module are respectively connected with the controller, the environmental factor collection module comprises an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor and a moisture sensing control device, the illumination sensor is used for monitoring the illumination intensity received by branches, the temperature sensor comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environmental temperature, the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the leaf temperature, the moisture sensing control device is used for monitoring the water film storage amount of leaves, the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor and the moisture sensing control device respectively upload the monitored values to the controller, and a mist coefficient interval divided according to the environmental temperature is prestored in the controller, the mist coefficient interval changes in real time according to the change of temperature, the controller compares the received numerical value with a threshold value in a system and outputs a control command to the execution control module, the execution control module comprises a light source, a spraying device and a fertilizing device, the light source provides illumination with specified intensity according to the control command output by the controller, the spraying device sprays in a specified spraying interval, the spraying time is controlled by the controller, the fertilizing device applies fertilizer, a worker can check the environmental parameters collected by the environmental factor collecting module at any time through the human-computer interaction module, the worker can also input the control command in the human-computer interaction module to control the cuttage condition.
A fogging coefficient threshold value, a blade water film storage amount threshold value and a blade temperature threshold value are prestored in the system, and when the first temperature sensor monitors that the ambient temperature exceeds the fogging coefficient threshold value preset in the system, the controller controls the spraying device to spray; when the leaf water film storage amount monitored by the moisture sensing control device is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, the controller controls the spraying device to spray; when the second temperature sensor monitors that the temperature of the blade is higher than the temperature threshold value of the blade, the controller controls the spraying device to spray. An illumination intensity threshold value is also arranged in the system, and when the illumination sensor monitors that the illumination received by the blade is lower than the illumination intensity threshold value, the controller controls the light source to provide illumination with preset intensity.
Preferably, the moisture sensing control device is a dry and wet ball type evaporation control instrument, the dry and wet ball type evaporation control instrument utilizes the principle of moisture evaporation heat absorption, a sensor in the dry and wet ball type evaporation control instrument consists of two temperature-sensitive elements with the same parameters, one of the temperature-sensitive elements is covered with water-absorbing gauze, the lower end of the gauze is contacted with the blade, the other one is exposed, the two temperature-sensitive elements generate temperature difference due to heat brought away by moisture evaporation, the size of the temperature difference is in positive linear correlation with the size of evaporation intensity, the evaporation intensity and the evaporation capacity of the blade moisture can be accurately measured according to the principle, and the water film storage capacity of the blade.
The staff also can input the scheme that designs in advance to the human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module transmits the scheme for the controller, carries out environmental parameter's control through the controller, realizes intelligent cuttage rooting and growing seedlings, uses manpower sparingly, and easy and simple to handle.
Preferably, the human-computer interaction module is a smart phone, a computer or a visual display, and is used for reading the data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition module and inputting a threshold control command.
The invention provides a cutting rooting method of xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and shearing strips:
selecting healthy and strong semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests in the current year, and carrying out strip shearing treatment, wherein the strip shearing standard is as follows: the upper cut is flat, the lower cut is oblique, the upper cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the petioles, the lower cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the eyes, the direction of the lower cut is opposite to the direction of the eyes, the angle of the lower cut is 45 degrees, two petioles are reserved, and 3-5 pairs of blades are reserved on each petiole; in the process of cutting the branches, manually spraying at any time to keep the leaves of the branches moist, and soaking and shading the wounds;
s2, cutting the cut branches into a pure perlite substrate after being treated by a rooting agent, spraying to keep the branches and the substrate wet, and reducing viruses by adopting the pure perlite as the substrate, so that the requirements of the wound healing on water, fertilizer, gas and temperature are met to the greatest extent;
s3, carrying out rooting and seedling raising treatment on the branches subjected to cuttage by adopting a plant factory intelligent control system, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s31, activation period, cutting until callus appears:
from the date of cuttage, in an intelligent control system of a plant factory, controlling the illumination time of plants to be 10-12 hours, the illumination intensity to be (0-60) x 1000Lux, and the time for applying nutrient solution to be 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime mist coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, preferably 33-35 ℃, setting a nighttime mist coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, preferably 28-30 ℃, spraying when the ambient temperature monitored by the first temperature sensor exceeds the mist coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 300-2400 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a leaf water film storage threshold value at 50% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage threshold value at 40% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage monitored by a water sensing control device is lower than the leaf water film storage threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting the temperature threshold of the blades to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the temperature of the blades monitored by the second temperature sensor is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; in the step, three commands are covered, wherein one command is that the atomizing coefficient determines the frequency of the spraying time, the other command is that the water film accumulation amount of the blade determines the frequency of the spraying time, and the other command is that the temperature of the blade determines the frequency of the spraying time; the three commands operate simultaneously, which condition is achieved first, which command is executed, and the three commands are not affected mutually. About 10-15 days later, the callus appears and has obvious bulges;
s32, callus stage, wherein callus appears to the first-level root:
controlling the illumination time of the plant to be 10-12 hours from the callus of the branch in an intelligent control system of a plant factory, wherein the illumination intensity is (0-60) x 1000Lux, and the time for applying the nutrient solution is 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, preferably 33-35 ℃, setting a nighttime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, preferably 28-30 ℃, spraying when the ambient temperature monitored by the first temperature sensor exceeds the atomizing coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime atomizing interval is 300-2400 seconds, the time of each day is 10 seconds, the nighttime atomizing interval is 5400-7200 seconds, and the nighttime atomizing interval is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 40% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 30% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount monitored by a water sensing control device is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 5400-7200 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and when the second temperature sensor monitors that the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, carrying out spraying once every 300-420 seconds, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; about 5-10 days, first-grade roots begin to appear on the callus, and the root system is white and healthy;
s33, in the hardening seedling stage, the first-level roots to the second-level roots appear:
in an intelligent control system of a plant factory, controlling the illumination time of plants to be 10-12 hours, the illumination intensity to be (0-60) x 1000Lux, and the time for applying nutrient solution to be 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, preferably 33-35 ℃, setting a nighttime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, preferably 28-30 ℃, spraying when the ambient temperature monitored by the first temperature sensor exceeds the atomizing coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 420-2400 seconds, the spraying time in each daytime is 10 seconds, the spraying interval in each nighttime is 7200-9000 seconds, and the spraying time in each nighttime is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 30% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 20% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount monitored by a water sensing control device is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 420-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 7200-9000 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and when the second temperature sensor monitors that the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, carrying out spraying once every 300-420 seconds, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; around one week, secondary roots grow out;
s34, secondary root transplanting:
in an intelligent control system of a plant factory, controlling the illumination time of plants to be 10-12 hours and the time for applying nutrient solution to be 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 3-8 intervals, preferably 30-34 ℃, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 30-35 intervals, preferably 25-27 ℃, spraying when the ambient temperature monitored by the first temperature sensor exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 600-3600 seconds, the time of each day spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 9000-10800 seconds, and the nighttime spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage threshold value at 20% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage threshold value at 10% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage monitored by a water sensing control device is lower than the leaf water film storage threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 600-3600 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 9000-10800 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and when the second temperature sensor monitors that the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, carrying out spraying once every 300-420 seconds, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; about one week, the roots are sent out and grow in large quantity, and can be transplanted.
Preferably, the distance between the upper shearing mouth and the petiole is 0.5 cm. The distance between the lower shearing mouth and the eye is 0.5 cm.
Preferably, the nutrient solution is 0.2-1.5 wt% of urea solution, and can also be prepared into other nutrient solutions required for cutting rooting as long as the requirements of xanthoceras sorbifolia habit and rooting are met.
Preferably, the rooting agent in step S2 is Inethylnaphthalene acetic Acid (ABT), kubamao No. 1 (KFB) or 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA), the concentration of the rooting agent is 200-400 PPM, and the soaking time of the rooting agent is 2 h.
After the branches are soaked by the rooting agent, rooting and seedling raising are carried out by using a plant factory intelligent control system, and the obtained rooting rate and callus rate data of the cutting seedlings are as follows:
TABLE 1 rooting percentage and callus percentage of cuttage seedlings soaked with rooting agents of different concentrations
As can be seen from Table 1, the rooting rate of the cutting seedlings cultivated by the cutting rooting method can reach more than 60%, the callus rate can reach more than 90%, the survival rate of the transplanted cutting seedlings can reach more than 90%, and the seedlings are robust and virus-free.
As shown in fig. 1, the plant factory control system comprises a controller, an environmental factor collection module, a human-computer interaction module and an execution control module, wherein the environmental factor collection module, the human-computer interaction module and the execution control module are respectively connected with the controller, the environmental factor collection module comprises an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor and a moisture sensing control device, the illumination sensor is used for monitoring the illumination intensity received by branches, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of leaves, the moisture sensing control device is used for monitoring the water film storage amount of the leaves and respectively uploading the values to the controller, the controller compares the received values with a threshold value in the system and then outputs a control command to the execution control module, the execution control module comprises a light source, a spraying device and a fertilizing device, the light source provides illumination with specified intensity according to the control command output by the controller, and the spraying device sprays in a specified spraying interval, the time of each time of spraying is also controlled by the controller, the fertilizer applying device applies fertilizer, the working personnel can check the environmental parameters collected by the environmental factor collecting module at any time through the human-computer interaction module, and can also input a control command in the human-computer interaction module to control the cuttage conditions.
The dry and wet ball type water evaporation controller utilizes the principle of water evaporation heat absorption, a sensor in the dry and wet ball type water evaporation controller consists of two temperature-sensitive elements with the same parameters, one of the temperature-sensitive elements is covered with water absorption gauze, the lower end of the gauze is contacted with a blade, the other one is exposed, the heat taken away by water evaporation enables the two temperature-sensitive elements to generate temperature difference, the size of the temperature difference is in positive linear correlation with the size of evaporation strength, the water evaporation strength and the evaporation capacity of the blade can be accurately measured according to the principle, and the water film storage capacity of the blade is measured.
The staff also can input the scheme that designs in advance to the human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module transmits the scheme for the controller, carries out environmental parameter's control through the controller, realizes intelligent cuttage rooting and growing seedlings, uses manpower sparingly, and easy and simple to handle.
Preferably, the human-computer interaction module is a smart phone, a computer or a visual display, and is used for reading the data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition module and inputting a threshold control command.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cutting rooting method of shiny-leaved yellowhorn is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and shearing strips:
selecting healthy and strong semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests in the current year, and carrying out strip shearing treatment;
s2, after the cut branches are soaked in a rooting agent, the cut branches are cut into a pure perlite substrate, and the cut branches and the substrate are kept wet by spraying;
s3, carrying out rooting and seedling raising treatment on the branches subjected to cuttage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s31, activation period, cutting until callus appears:
from the date of cuttage, controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomizing coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomizing coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 300-2400 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at daytime to be 50% and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at night to be 40%, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval at daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 3600-5400 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the callus appears and has bulges;
s32, callus stage, wherein callus appears to the first-level root:
controlling the illumination time of the plant to be 10-12 hours from the callus of the branch, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 300-2400 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 5400-7200 seconds, and the time of each night spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value in the daytime to be 40% and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value in the nighttime to be 30%, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 300-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at nighttime is 5400-7200 seconds, and the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the first-level roots appear on the callus, the root system is white and healthy;
s33, in the hardening seedling stage, the first-level roots to the second-level roots appear:
controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 1-5 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 20-25 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 420-2400 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 7200-9000 seconds, and the time of each night of spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 30% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 20% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 420-2400 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 7200-9000 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, carrying out spraying once every 300-420 seconds, wherein the spraying time of each time is 10 seconds; until the secondary root grows out;
s34, secondary root transplanting:
controlling the illumination time of the plants to be 10-12 hours, and applying the nutrient solution for 30-50 seconds; setting a daytime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 3-8 intervals, setting a nighttime atomization coefficient threshold value to be 30-35 intervals, spraying when the ambient temperature exceeds the atomization coefficient threshold value, wherein the daytime spraying interval is 600-3600 seconds, the time of each day of spraying is 10 seconds, the nighttime spraying interval is 9000-10800 seconds, and the time of each night of spraying is 10 seconds; setting a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 20% in the daytime and a leaf water film storage amount threshold value at 10% at night, and spraying when the leaf water film storage amount is lower than the leaf water film storage amount threshold value, wherein the spraying interval in the daytime is 600-3600 seconds, the spraying interval at night is 9000-10800 seconds, and the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; setting a blade temperature threshold value to be 35 ℃, and spraying once every 300-420 seconds when the blade temperature is higher than 35 ℃, wherein the spraying time is 10 seconds each time; until the root system sends out and grows in large quantity, and then transplanting is carried out.
2. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 1, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the strip cutting method includes: the upper cut is flat, the lower cut is oblique, the upper cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the petioles, the lower cut is 0.4-0.6 cm away from the eyes, the direction of the lower cut is opposite to the direction of the eyes, the angle of the lower cut is 45 degrees, two petioles are reserved, and 3-5 pairs of blades are reserved on each petiole; in the process of cutting the strips, spraying to keep the leaves of the branches moist, and soaking and shading the wounds.
3. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 1, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the time for soaking the rooting agent in the step S2 is 2 h.
4. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 3, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the rooting agent is Inethylnaphthalene acetic acid, and NO. 1 or 3-indolebutyric acid.
5. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 4, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the rooting agent in the step S2 is 200-400 PPM.
6. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 1, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: in step S3, a plant factory intelligent control system is adopted to carry out rooting and seedling raising treatment on the branches after cuttage, the plant factory control system comprises a controller, an environmental factor acquisition module, a human-computer interaction module and an execution control module, the environmental factor acquisition module, the human-computer interaction module and the execution control module are respectively connected with the controller, the environmental factor acquisition module comprises an illumination sensor, a temperature sensor and a moisture sensing control device, the illumination sensor is used for monitoring the illumination intensity received by the branches, the temperature sensor comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environmental temperature, the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the leaf temperature, the moisture sensing control device is used for monitoring the water film storage amount of the leaves, and the illumination sensor, the temperature sensor and the moisture sensing control device respectively upload the monitored values to the controller, the controller is pre-stored with a mist coefficient interval divided according to the environment temperature, and outputs a control command to the execution control module after comparing the received numerical value with a mist coefficient threshold value, a blade water film storage amount threshold value and a blade temperature threshold value which are pre-stored in the system respectively, wherein the execution control module comprises a light source, a spraying device and a fertilizing device.
7. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 6, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the human-computer interaction module is a smart phone, a computer or a visual display and is used for reading the data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition module and inputting a threshold control command.
8. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 1, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the illumination intensity is (0-60). times.1000 Lux.
9. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 1, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the nutrient solution is 0.2-1.5 wt% of urea solution.
10. The cutting rooting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge according to claim 6, wherein the cutting rooting method comprises the following steps: the moisture sensing control device is a dry and wet ball type moisture evaporation controller.
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