CN110574654A - method for interplanting medicinal fruits of under-forest original ecological planted angelica dahurica - Google Patents
method for interplanting medicinal fruits of under-forest original ecological planted angelica dahurica Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting medicinal fruits of angelica dahurica planted in original ecology under forests, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The relay intercropping method comprises the following steps: selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and forest land with good ventilation and drainage; soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 1 day in the last ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months, then fishing out the seeds from the water, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil according to a ratio of 1:10, then stacking the mixture for 5 to 7 days in a temperature-variable environment of 10 to 30 ℃, and then transferring the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling raising cup for seedling raising; trimming the forest land in the early third month of the next year for preparing the transplanted seedlings; transplanting grooves are formed in the spacing between trees in the forest land, and the angelica dahurica seedlings and the seedling raising cups are transplanted into the transplanting grooves together; in the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, the manure cleaning water is used for topdressing in combination with irrigation, and weeds are removed; and (5) harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered. The relay intercropping method of the invention realizes the nutrient complementation of the trees and the angelica dahurica and can improve the yield and the pharmacodynamic components of the angelica dahurica.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, in particular to a method for interplanting medicinal fruits of angelica dahurica planted in original ecology under forests.
Background
Radix Angelicae Dahuricae is a plant belonging to Angelica of Umbelliferae, has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, removing dampness, expelling pus, promoting granulation, promoting blood circulation, relieving pain, etc., and can be used for treating wind-cold type common cold, headache, rhinitis, toothache, etc., or used as flavoring agent and spice, and can be widely applied in traditional Chinese medicine; radix angelicae dahuricae must be matched with corresponding cultivation technology to obtain high yield.
at present, the angelica dahurica is mostly planted manually, the content of active ingredients of medicinal materials is continuously reduced under the condition of large-scale and simplified manual introduction, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is frequent, pesticide residues of the medicinal materials exceed the standard due to the fact that pesticide farmers use a large amount of pesticides for controlling the plant diseases and insect pests, and the content of the active ingredients of medicinal plants is high and the plant diseases and insect pests are not easy to occur in the wild environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a method for interplanting medicinal fruits of under-forest originally planted angelica dahurica.
The invention provides a method for interplanting medicinal fruits of under-forest original ecological planted angelica dahurica, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a forest land, selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and the forest land with good ventilation and drainage;
S2, cultivating angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking radix Angelicae Dahuricae seed in water for 1 day in late 9-10-month, taking out, naturally air drying until the surface is dry, mixing with seed, mixing radix Angelicae Dahuricae seed and nutrient soil at a ratio of 1:10, and stacking at 10-30 deg.C for 5-7 days; sowing the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling raising cup containing the nutrient soil for seedling raising, covering fine soil on the surface layer for waiting for germination, and watering the germinated seedlings at regular intervals;
S3, trimming the forest land in early three months next year for preparing for transplanting seedlings;
s4, transplanting grooves are formed in the spacing between trees in the forest land, the line spacing between every two adjacent rows of transplanting grooves is 30-40cm, the angelica dahurica seedlings with good growth conditions in the step S2 and the seedling cup are transplanted into the transplanting grooves together, the planting distance is 25-30cm, the transplanting grooves are filled, and the soil around the angelica dahurica seedlings is compressed;
s5, managing the forest, using clear liquid dung in combination with irrigation from the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, and removing weeds;
And S6, in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered.
preferably, in the step S2, the temperature-changing environment is that the mixture of dahurian angelica seed and nutrient soil is placed at 10 ℃ for 10h, then the temperature is raised to 25 ℃ for 2h, and finally the mixture is kept at 30 ℃ for 12h, and the circulation is performed once a day for 5-7 days continuously.
Preferably, the nutrient soil in the step S2 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
preferably, the nutrient soil in the step S2 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
preferably, in step S2, water is sprayed during the stacking of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil, and the humidity of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil is controlled to be 50-60%.
Preferably, when the forest land is finished in the step S3, 2500 + 5000kg of organic fertilizer and 50-150kg of plant ash are applied to 667 square meters, the plough is harrowed for 2-3 times, then the plough is dug for 24-30 cm deeply, the soil particles are fully crushed, and then the plough is harrowed flatly.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
Preferably, the tree species planted in the forest land of step S1 is peach or plum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the tree species planted in the forest land is peach or plum, so that the tree species not only has stronger rooting capacity, but also has strong sprouting capacity of the stump, is suitable for long-term planting, and has good economic benefit;
The intercropping method for angelica dahurica under the forest adopts centralized seedling raising and centralized management, and transplants the seedlings into the forest land after the seedlings grow to a certain stage, and has the following advantages: 1) more nutrients needed for growth of trees in the forest land are provided before the radix angelicae is transplanted; 2) the planting density and the yield of the angelica dahurica can be ensured by transplanting the angelica dahurica after centralized seedling raising; 3) the method effectively controls the nitrogen source, and avoids the problems of empty and loose bubbles at roots and poor quality caused by early bolting and blooming of the angelica root due to sufficient nitrogen source or sufficient nutrition, so that the yield is reduced and the effective components are reduced. Therefore, the method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the original ecological radix angelicae dahuricae planted in the forest realizes the nutrient complementation between the trees and the radix angelicae dahuricae, and can improve the yield and the medicinal components of the radix angelicae dahuricae.
the nutrient soil provided by the invention has sufficient nutrients, and the temperature change treatment and humidity control are carried out in the seedling raising process, so that the germination rate of the seedlings is improved.
when the invention is used for tidying the forest land, a proper amount of organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and a proper amount of plant ash is applied to promote the growth of roots, reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and avoid the problem of pesticide residue caused by using a large amount of pesticide.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to examples, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
the method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest originally planted angelica dahurica comprises the following steps of:
s1, selecting a forest land, namely selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and a forest land with good ventilation and drainage for planting peach trees;
S2, cultivating angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 1 day in the last ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months, then fishing out the seeds from the water, naturally drying the seeds until the surface is dry, then dressing the seeds, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil according to a ratio of 1:10, placing the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil at 10 ℃ for 10 hours, then heating to 25 ℃ for 2 hours for transition, and finally keeping at 30 ℃ for 12 hours, wherein the operations are performed once a day and continuously performed for 7 days; then transferring the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling growing cup containing the nutrient soil, covering fine soil on the surface layer to wait for germination, and watering the germinated seedlings at regular intervals; spraying water during the temperature-changing treatment of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil, and controlling the humidity of the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to be 55%.
the nutrient soil is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
S3, trimming the forest land in early three months next year for preparing for transplanting seedlings; 3000kg of organic fertilizer and 80kg of plant ash are applied to 667 square meters, plowed and raked for 3 times, dug deeply by 25cm to ensure that soil particles are fully crushed, and then raked flat. The organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
S4, transplanting grooves are formed in the distance between trees in the forest land, the line distance between every two adjacent rows of transplanting grooves is 30cm, the angelica dahurica seedlings with good growth conditions in the step S2 and the seedling cup are together transplanted into the transplanting grooves, the plant distance is 25cm, the transplanting grooves are filled, and the soil around the angelica dahurica seedlings is compressed;
S5, managing the forest, using clear liquid dung in combination with irrigation from the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, and removing weeds;
and S6, in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered.
Example 2
The method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest originally planted angelica dahurica comprises the following steps of:
S1, selecting a forest land, selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and the forest land with good ventilation and drainage for planting plums;
S2, cultivating angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 1 day in the last ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months, then fishing out the seeds from the water, naturally drying the seeds until the surfaces of the seeds are dried, then dressing the seeds, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil according to a ratio of 1:10, placing the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil at 10 ℃ for 10 hours, then heating the mixture to 25 ℃ for 2 hours for transition, finally keeping the mixture at 30 ℃ for 12 hours, circulating once every day for 5 days continuously, then transferring the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to a degradable seedling raising cup with the nutrient soil, covering fine soil on the surface layer for waiting for germination, and watering the germinated seedlings at regular intervals;
Spraying water during the temperature-changing treatment of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil, and controlling the humidity of the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to be 50%; the nutrient soil is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
S3, trimming the forest land in early three months next year for preparing for transplanting seedlings; 2500kg of organic fertilizer and 100kg of plant ash are applied to 667 square meters, the soil is plowed and raked for 2 times, then the soil is dug deeply for 30 centimeters, the soil particles are fully crushed, and then the soil is raked flat. The organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
S4, transplanting grooves are formed in the distance between trees in the forest land, the line distance between every two adjacent rows of transplanting grooves is 40cm, the angelica dahurica seedlings with good growth conditions in the step S2 and the seedling cup are together transplanted into the transplanting grooves, the plant distance is 30cm, the transplanting grooves are filled, and the soil around the angelica dahurica seedlings is compressed;
S5, managing the forest, using clear liquid dung in combination with irrigation from the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, and removing weeds;
and S6, in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered.
example 3
The method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest originally planted angelica dahurica comprises the following steps of:
S1, selecting a forest land, selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and the forest land with good ventilation and drainage for planting the peach trees;
S2, cultivating angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 3 days in the last ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months, then fishing out the seeds from the water, naturally drying the seeds until the surface is dry, then dressing the seeds, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil according to the ratio of 1:10, placing the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil at 10 ℃ for 10 hours, then heating to 25 ℃ for 2 hours for transition, finally keeping the mixture at 30 ℃ for 12 hours, and performing once circulation every day for 6 days continuously; then transferring the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling growing cup containing the nutrient soil, covering fine soil on the surface layer to wait for germination, and watering the germinated seedlings at regular intervals;
Spraying water during stacking of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil, and controlling the humidity of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to be 60%; the nutrient soil is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
S3, trimming the forest land in early three months next year for preparing for transplanting seedlings; 4000kg of organic fertilizer and 150kg of plant ash are applied to 667 square meters per time, the plough is harrowed for 2-3 times, then 25cm deep digging is carried out to ensure that soil particles are fully crushed, and then harrowing is carried out. The organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
S4, transplanting grooves are formed in the distance between trees in the forest land, the line distance between every two adjacent rows of transplanting grooves is 40cm, the angelica dahurica seedlings with good growth conditions in the step S2 and the seedling cup are together transplanted into the transplanting grooves, the plant distance is 25cm, the transplanting grooves are filled, and the soil around the angelica dahurica seedlings is compressed;
s5, managing the forest, using clear liquid dung in combination with irrigation from the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, and removing weeds;
And S6, in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered.
Comparative example 1
culturing angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 1 day in the last ten days of 9 months to the middle ten days of 10 months, then fishing out the seeds from the water, naturally drying the seeds until the surfaces of the seeds are dry, then dressing the seeds, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil according to a ratio of 1:10, continuously stacking the seeds at 25 ℃ for 7 days, spraying water and turning the seeds and the nutrient soil during stacking, and controlling the humidity of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to be 55 percent; and then transferring the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling raising cup with the nutrient soil, and covering fine soil on the surface layer to wait for germination.
spraying water during stacking of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil, and controlling the humidity of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil to be 55%; the nutrient soil is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
Comparative example 2
Soaking the angelica dahurica seeds in water for 1 day in the late 9 th-middle 10 th of the month, then fishing out the seeds from the water, naturally drying the seeds until the surface is dry, then mixing the angelica dahurica seeds with nutrient soil, and sowing the mixture to a well-prepared forest land.
The method for finishing the forest land comprises the steps of applying 3000kg of organic fertilizer and 80kg of plant ash to 667 square meters per unit, harrowing for 3 times, deeply digging for 25 centimeters to fully crush soil particles, and harrowing. The organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
In order to understand the germination conditions of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, the germination rates of the seeds of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 were compared, and the germination rate was calculated according to international seed test protocol, wherein the germination rate/%, i.e. the number of seeds germinated/the number of test seeds x 100%,
the experimental results show that the three have obvious differences, the germination rate of the seeds in the example 1 is 93.54%, the germination rate of the seeds in the comparative example 1 is 71.83%, the germination rate of the seeds in the comparative example 2 is 58.69%, and the germination rate of the seeds is relatively high by adopting the germination accelerating method in the example 1.
The tree species planted in the forest land is peach or plum, so that the tree species not only has stronger rooting capacity, but also has strong sprouting capacity of the stump, is suitable for long-term planting, and has good economic benefit;
The intercropping method for angelica dahurica under the forest adopts centralized seedling raising and centralized management, and transplants the seedlings into the forest land after the seedlings grow to a certain stage, and has the following advantages: 1) more nutrients needed for growth of trees in the forest land are provided before the radix angelicae is transplanted; 2) the planting density and the yield of the angelica dahurica can be ensured by transplanting the angelica dahurica after centralized seedling raising; 3) the method effectively controls the distribution of the nitrogen source, and avoids the problems of empty and loose bubbles at roots and poor quality caused by early bolting and flowering of the angelica dahurica due to sufficient nitrogen source or sufficient nutrition, so that the yield is reduced and the effective components are reduced. Therefore, the method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the original ecological radix angelicae dahuricae planted in the forest realizes the nutrient complementation between the trees and the radix angelicae dahuricae, and can improve the yield and the medicinal components of the radix angelicae dahuricae.
the nutrient soil provided by the invention has sufficient nutrients, and the temperature change treatment and humidity control are carried out in the seedling raising process, so that the germination rate of the seedlings is improved.
when the invention is used for tidying the forest land, a proper amount of organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and a proper amount of plant ash is applied to realize the purposes of promoting root growth and inhibiting plant diseases and insect pests.
by adopting the understory radix angelicae interplanting method disclosed by the embodiment 1-3 of the invention, the per mu yield of the radix angelicae is 450 kilograms, the planting cost is low, and the economic benefit is high.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. a method for interplanting medicinal fruits of angelica dahurica planted in original ecology under forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, selecting a forest land, namely selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer and the forest land with good ventilation and drainage;
S2, cultivating angelica dahurica seedlings; soaking radix Angelicae Dahuricae seed in water for 1 day in late 9-10-month, taking out, naturally air drying until the surface is dry, mixing with seed, mixing radix Angelicae Dahuricae seed and nutrient soil at a ratio of 1:10, and stacking at 10-30 deg.C for 5-7 days; sowing the mixture of the angelica dahurica seeds and the nutrient soil into a degradable seedling raising cup containing the nutrient soil for seedling raising, covering fine soil on the surface layer for waiting for germination, and watering the germinated seedlings at regular intervals;
s3, trimming the forest land in early three months next year for preparing for transplanting seedlings;
S4, transplanting grooves are formed in the spacing between trees in the forest land, the line spacing between every two adjacent rows of transplanting grooves is 30-40cm, the angelica dahurica seedlings with good growth conditions in the step S2 and the seedling cup are transplanted into the transplanting grooves together, the planting distance is 25-30cm, the transplanting grooves are filled, and the soil around the angelica dahurica seedlings is compressed;
S5, managing the forest, using clear liquid dung in combination with irrigation from the middle ten days of April to the beginning of 5 months, and removing weeds;
And S6, in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting when the leaves of the angelica dahurica turn yellow and withered.
2. The method for interplanting the fruits and herbs in the original under-forest environment for the angelica dahurica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature raising environment in step S2 is to place the mixture of the seeds of the angelica dahurica and the nutrient soil at 10 ℃ for 10 hours, then raise the temperature to 25 ℃ for 2 hours, finally keep the temperature at 30 ℃ for 12 hours, and perform a cycle once a day for 5-7 days continuously.
3. the method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest original ecology radix angelicae dahuricae according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil in the step S2 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of surface soil, 5-8 parts of mushroom residue and 3-7 parts of perlite.
4. The method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest original ecology radix angelicae dahuricae according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil in the step S2 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of surface soil, 6 parts of mushroom dregs and 5 parts of perlite.
5. The method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the original radix angelicae dahuricae under the forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water spraying is performed during the stacking of the seeds of the radix angelicae dahuricae and the nutrient soil in the step S2, and the humidity of the seeds of the radix angelicae dahuricae and the nutrient soil is controlled to be 50-60%.
6. The method for interplanting the drug and the fruit in the original ecology under forest of claim 1, wherein in the step S3, 2500 + 5000kg of organic fertilizer and 50-150kg of plant ash are applied per 667 square meters of the land being treated, the plough is harrowed for 2-3 times, and then the plough is dug for 24-30 cm deeply, so that the soil particles are fully crushed and then harrowed evenly.
7. The method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest original ecology radix angelicae dahuricae in the forest according to claim 6, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by decomposing and fermenting animal wastes.
8. the method for interplanting the medicinal fruits of the under-forest original ecology for the angelica dahurica in accordance with claim 1, wherein the tree species planted in the forest land of the step S1 is peach or plum.
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Application publication date: 20191217 |