CN110495339B - Malus halliana planting method at altitude of more than four kilometers - Google Patents
Malus halliana planting method at altitude of more than four kilometers Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
- A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of malus halliana at altitude of more than four kilometers, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and cleaning a planting area; s2 digging the tree and digging it; s3 preparing planting holes; s4, transplanting, namely, scattering a water-retaining agent into the planting holes, watering thoroughly with rooting water, and adopting rooting water to shape the roots; s5 maintenance process; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fermentation broth generated by fermenting soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus is matched with propineb or thiophanate-methyl, and the viscosity of the root soil balls is increased by using the fermentation broth when the root soil balls are sterilized; the soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus is fermented to generate fermentation residues serving as a planting hole filling material by taking the residual branches and leaves after the branches and leaves are removed as raw materials, so that the nutrient medium in the planting hole is increased, and the circular economic benefit is embodied; and a water ring weir is constructed on the planting hole, so that the root fixing water and the cellar storage water are fully permeated and adsorbed by the water-retaining agent, and further, the root of the tree can fully absorb water, and the problem of serious water loss is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscape planting, in particular to a malus halliana planting method at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers.
Background
The malus halliana is deciduous small trees with the height of 5 meters, the crown of the tree is developed, the tree likes sunlight, is not resistant to yin, is not very cold-resistant, likes warm and humid environment, and is suitable for being used in the places with full sunlight and leeward; the soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, good in drainage and slightly sticky, grows better, and is not resistant to waterlogging.
In high-altitude areas, due to dry and cold climate, the sunshine time is long, the evaporation capacity is large, most of soil is short in forming time and low in curing degree, and the soil is sandy loam, heavy in sand, large in gravel, coarse in texture and prone to fertilizer leakage; and the soil organic matter content of the area with more than four kilometers is low, even if a small number of lands contain more humus, the temperature is high day and low night, and microorganisms are slow to propagate, small in quantity and slow to decompose and are rarely absorbed by trees.
The existing high-altitude area planting technology mostly adopts improved soil matrix and planting hole structure, so as to improve the conditions of low soil curing and low nutrient content in high-altitude areas, and simultaneously solve the problems of frostbite and freeze death of the roots of planted trees caused by large temperature difference in plateau areas; the invention relates to a method for introducing and cultivating sabina vulgaris in high altitude (application number: 2015109606666), and discloses a method for introducing and cultivating sabina vulgaris in high altitude, which comprises the following steps: uniformly arranging strip-shaped low-ridge planting bed surfaces in a direction vertical to main harmful wind in a sandy sand beach area through soil preparation; in rainy or autumn, hole-shaped pits are obtained on the surface of the strip-shaped low-ridge planting bed through hole-shaped soil preparation; planting introduction sabina chinensis in the hole-shaped pits after hole-shaped soil preparation in the second year; uniformly paving the mixture of the Banggugu litter and the sand on the planted strip-shaped low-ridge planting bed surface; then laying a mulching film, compacting and treading two sides of the mulching film to form a closed mulching film, then cutting a crack along the growth direction of sabina vulgaris, and covering soil to cover the crack; winter-crossing cold-proof protection measures are adopted. The method is characterized in that local species are used for planting, meanwhile, a mixture of Bangong willow dreg and sand soil is used for improving soil matrix nutrients, a mulching film is used for reducing the influence of temperature difference, the method is suitable for the growth of local sabina vulgaris, but when landscape plants are planted, the fact that sterilization treatment is needed when the plants are transplanted is not considered, and further time is needed to adapt to the local natural environment; meanwhile, the treatment of the transplanted planting holes only adopts soil preparation treatment, and the water loss is extremely serious under the conditions of irrigation and fertilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a malus halliana planting method at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers so as to at least achieve the aims of quickly adapting to a local environment and retaining water for a long time.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a planting method of malus halliana at plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an area with sand content not more than 15% as a cleaning area, cleaning garbage in the planting area, and spraying bactericide into the planting area according to the ratio of 10-20kg/m2 after cleaning; the bactericide is 70% of propineb or 70% of thiophanate-methyl according to the volume ratio of 1: and 6, mixing the soil with streptomyces fermentation liquor, and combining and preparing propineb or thiophanate-methyl with the fermentation liquor, so that the soil viscosity of the root soil ball is increased by using the fermentation liquor while sterilizing, and the subsequent planting hole planting process is facilitated.
S2 selection of chest diameter
Digging root soil balls of 35-40cm and 25-30cm in thickness when the root soil balls are dug in a cultivation area of 5-6cm malus halliana, combing the roots of the tree trunks to remove leaves, controlling the height of branches of the tree trunks to be 2.0-2.5m, and binding the branches by adopting straw ropes;
s3, selecting a shrub and weed free area from the planting area prepared in S1, excavating a pot bottom type planting hole, and finely crushing the excavated soil to form fine planting soil for later use; the diameter of the planting hole is not less than 55cm, the depth of the planting hole is 15-20cm lower than the thickness of the root soil ball, and after excavation is finished, the planting hole is filled with fermentation residues, and the filling thickness is 3-6 cm; the streptomycete fermentation liquor is obtained by adopting soil actinomycete streptomycete griseus, fermenting for 22 hours by taking residual branches and leaves generated by combing and removing the leaves as raw materials, filtering and standing; the fermentation residues are soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus fermentation residues generated after the raw materials are fermented, fermentation liquor is generated by fermenting streptomyces through the residual branches and leaves after the branches and leaves are removed, the fermentation liquor is matched to be a bactericide, and the generated fermentation residues are used as filling materials of planting holes to increase the nutrient substrates of the soil in the planting holes.
S4, transplanting the malus halliana trees processed in S2 into a planting hole prepared in S3, paving the bottom of the planting hole with the fine planting soil in S3 to a thickness of 3-5cm, planting the root soil ball into the planting hole opposite to the bottom of the planting hole, backfilling the planting hole with the fine planting soil, and tamping; when the tamping thickness is 1/3, uniformly scattering 20-25g of water-retaining agent around the root soil ball in the planting hole, and continuously filling the tamping planting hole with fine planting soil; when the height of the root soil ball reaches 4/5, thoroughly irrigating with 30% rooting water, after 3-5h, filling the whole planting hole with 10% rooting water, after 7-10h, continuously filling the planting hole with a soil filling and loosening manner, and constructing a water ring weir to irrigate with 10% rooting water;
s5, loosening the soil at the root of the tree by 5-6cm in winter, covering the periphery of the planting hole with a heat preservation film, covering the periphery of the planting hole with a diameter which exceeds the diameter of the planting hole by 20cm, and paving 15-20cm of the fine planting soil on the heat preservation film; in summer, loosening soil 5-6cm from the root, constructing a water ring weir by using fine planting soil, and irrigating 400ml of cellaring water at intervals of 6 h.
Preferably, the branch combing and leaf removing are carried out by combing back branches, super long branches, super high branches and weak small branches; the residual leaves, the diseased leaves and the yellow leaves are removed, the total amount of the leaves of the tree is kept to be 15% before treatment, the nutrition requirement of the planted tree is reduced by combing the branches and removing the leaves, and the tree can be rapidly recovered after being planted.
Preferably, the excavation process is: the root soil ball is sprayed with the bactericide, the root soil ball is sprayed with the bactericide again after 5min, the root soil ball is wrapped tightly by the film and is fixed by binding the straw ropes in a staggered manner, the root soil ball is wrapped by the film, the moisture of the root soil ball is guaranteed not to be lost, the bactericide is enabled to fully soak the root soil ball, and meanwhile, the root safety in the tree transportation process is guaranteed.
Preferably, the rooting water is 30% of rooting water obtained by mixing 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water according to a ratio of 3:5, uniformly stirring, heating to 25 ℃, standing, filtering and removing insoluble precipitates; the rooting water is formed by mixing 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water according to the ratio of 1:7, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering and removing insoluble precipitates to obtain 10% of rooting water, and the rooting water for rapidly rooting the root system of the tree and the rooting water for accelerating the shaping of the root system of the tree are formed by utilizing different proportions of the naphthylacetic acid, so that the characteristic that the demand of the tree for the naphthylacetic acid is different in the growth period is fully utilized, and the root recovery of the tree after being planted is accelerated.
Preferably, the diameter of the water ring weir is set to be 25-35cm, the height of the water ring weir is set to be 10cm, the weir channel width is set to be 5cm according to the breast diameter of the tree, and the planted tree is irrigated by constructing the water ring weir, so that the requirements of root system moisture and nutrition of the tree are maintained.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is high-adsorbability resin formed by a starch grafted acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substance, the high-adsorbability resin is used as the water-retaining agent to adsorb water in soil, and meanwhile, the starch grafted acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substance is environment-friendly high-adsorbability resin and has low harm to soil pollution.
Preferably, the fine crushing treatment is to crush soil for 2 hours by a crusher, filter the soil by a screen to obtain wet fine planting soil with the particle size of less than 1.5mm, air-dry the wet fine planting soil for 3 hours to obtain fine planting soil, the soil generated by crushing the planting holes is used as the fine planting soil, and the fine planting soil which is finely crushed can be used as a good filling agent in the planting holes while the water permeability of the soil is increased.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. fermentation liquor generated by fermenting soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus is matched with propineb or thiophanate-methyl, and then the viscosity of the root soil ball is increased by utilizing the fermentation liquor when the root soil ball is sterilized, so that the planting process in planting holes is facilitated.
2. The soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus is fermented to produce fermentation slag as a planting hole filling material by taking the residual branches and leaves of the branches as raw materials, and the fermentation slag is matched with fine planting soil to increase the nutrient medium in the planting hole, and meanwhile, the residual branches and leaves of trees can be fully utilized, so that the recycling economic benefit is embodied.
3. And a water ring weir is constructed on the planting hole, and the root fixing water and the cellar storage water are fully permeated and adsorbed by the water-retaining agent by utilizing the water ring weir, so that the root of the tree can fully absorb water, and the serious problem of water loss is solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in further detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example 1
A planting method of malus halliana at plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an area with sand content not more than 15% as a cleaning area, cleaning garbage in the planting area, and after cleaning is finished, planting the garbage in the planting area according to the weight of 15kg/m2Spraying a bactericide; the bactericide is 70% thiophanate methyl according to the volume ratio of 1: 6, mixing with streptomyces fermentation liquor, and combining thiophanate-methyl with the fermentation liquor for preparation, so that the fermentation liquor is utilized to increase the soil viscosity of the root soil ball while sterilizing, and the subsequent planting hole planting process is facilitated;
s2 selection of chest diameter
In a 6cm Callicarpa speciosa tree, the diameter of a root soil ball dug when a cultivation area is dug is 37cm, and the thickness of the soil ball is 17cm, the root soil ball is dug: spraying a bactericide on the root soil ball, spraying the moistened root soil ball again after 5min, tightly wrapping the root soil ball by using a film, binding and fixing the root soil ball by using straw ropes in a staggered manner, wrapping the root soil ball by using the film, ensuring that the water of the root soil ball is not lost, fully soaking the root soil ball by using the bactericide, and simultaneously ensuring the root safety in the tree transportation process; combing and removing leaves of the trunk, controlling the height of the trunk branches to be 2.3m, and binding the branches by adopting a straw rope; s3 selecting a shrub and weed free area from the planting area prepared in S1, excavating a pot bottom type planting hole, crushing the excavated soil for 2 hours by using a crusher, filtering by using a screen to obtain wet fine planting soil with the particle size of less than 1.5mm, and airing for 3 hours to obtain fine planting soil for later use; the diameter of the planting hole is 60cm, the depth of the planting hole is 17cm lower than the thickness of the root soil ball, after excavation is finished, the planting hole is filled with fermentation residues, the filling thickness is 5cm, and a nutrient medium of soil in the planting hole is increased;
s4, transplanting the malus halliana trees processed in S2 into a planting hole prepared in S3, paving the bottom of the planting hole with the fine planting soil in S3 to a thickness of 4cm, planting the root soil ball into the planting hole opposite to the bottom of the planting hole, backfilling the planting hole with the fine planting soil, and tamping; when the tamping thickness is 1/3 of the root soil ball height, uniformly dispersing 24g of high-adsorbability resin formed by starch grafted acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substances into the planting holes as a water retention agent, and continuously filling the tamping planting holes with fine planting soil; when the height of the root soil ball is tamped to 4/5, thoroughly irrigating with 30% rooting water, after 4h, filling the whole planting hole with 10% rooting water, after 9h, continuously filling the planting hole with a soil filling and loosening manner, constructing a water ring weir with the diameter of 30cm, the height of 10cm and the weir passage width of 5cm, and irrigating with 10% rooting water; the rooting water is composed of 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water, the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred according to the ratio of 3:5, the mixture is heated to 25 ℃, and insoluble precipitates are removed by standing and filtering, so that 30% of rooting water is obtained; the rooting water is formed by mixing 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water according to the ratio of 1:7, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering and removing insoluble precipitates to obtain 10% of rooting water, and the rooting water for rapidly rooting the root system of the tree and the rooting water for accelerating the shaping of the root system of the tree are formed by utilizing different proportions of the naphthylacetic acid, so that the characteristic that the demand of the tree for the naphthylacetic acid is different in the growth period is fully utilized, and the recovery of the root after the tree is planted is accelerated;
s5, loosening 5cm of soil at the root of the tree in winter, covering the periphery of the planting hole with a heat preservation film, covering the planting hole with a diameter which exceeds the diameter of the planting hole by 20cm, and fully spreading 16cm of the fine planting soil on the heat preservation film; in summer, the roots are loosened by 6cm, fine planting soil is used for constructing a water ring weir, and 400ml of cellaring water is poured at intervals of 6 h.
Example 2
With difference to example 1, the fungicide used 70% propineb in a volume ratio of 1: 6 and streptomycete fermentation liquor, and the rest steps are the same as the example 1.
Example 3
S1, selecting an area with sand content not more than 15% as a cleaning area, cleaning garbage in the planting area, and after cleaning is finished, planting the garbage in the planting area according to the weight of 15kg/m2Spraying a bactericide; the bactericide is 70% thiophanate methyl according to the volume ratio of 1: 6 and distilled water;
s2 selection of chest diameter
In a 6cm Callicarpa speciosa tree, the diameter of a root soil ball dug when a cultivation area is dug is 37cm, and the thickness of the soil ball is 17cm, the root soil ball is dug: spraying a bactericide on the root soil ball, spraying the moistened root soil ball again after 5min, tightly wrapping the root soil ball by using a film, binding and fixing the root soil ball by using straw ropes in a staggered manner, wrapping the root soil ball by using the film, ensuring that the water of the root soil ball is not lost, fully soaking the root soil ball by using the bactericide, and simultaneously ensuring the root safety in the tree transportation process; combing and removing leaves of the trunk, controlling the height of the trunk branches to be 2.3m, and binding the branches by adopting a straw rope;
s3 selecting a shrub and weed free area from the planting area prepared in S1, excavating a pot bottom type planting hole, crushing the excavated soil for 2 hours by using a crusher, filtering by using a screen to obtain wet fine planting soil with the particle size of less than 1.5mm, and airing for 3 hours to obtain fine planting soil for later use; the diameter of the planting hole is 60cm, the depth of the planting hole is 17cm lower than the thickness of the soil ball at the root, and after excavation is finished, the planting hole is filled with the residual branches and leaves subjected to branch combing and leaf removing, and the filling thickness is 5 cm;
s4, transplanting the malus halliana trees processed in S2 into a planting hole prepared in S3, paving the bottom of the planting hole with the fine planting soil in S3 to a thickness of 4cm, planting the root soil ball into the planting hole opposite to the bottom of the planting hole, backfilling the planting hole with the fine planting soil, and tamping; when the tamping thickness is 1/3, uniformly dispersing 24g of high-adsorbability resin formed by starch grafted acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substances around the root soil ball in the planting hole as a water-retaining agent, and continuously filling the tamping planting hole with fine planting soil; when the height of the root soil ball is tamped to 4/5, thoroughly irrigating with 30% rooting water, after 4h, filling the whole planting hole with 10% rooting water, after 9h, continuously filling the planting hole with a soil filling and loosening manner, constructing a water ring weir with the diameter of 30cm, the height of 10cm and the weir passage width of 5cm, and irrigating with 10% rooting water; the rooting water is composed of 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water, the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred according to the ratio of 3:5, the mixture is heated to 25 ℃, and insoluble precipitates are removed by standing and filtering, so that 30% of rooting water is obtained; the rooting water is formed by mixing 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water according to the ratio of 1:7, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering and removing insoluble precipitates to obtain 10% of rooting water, and the rooting water for rapidly rooting the root system of the tree and the rooting water for accelerating the shaping of the root system of the tree are formed by utilizing different proportions of the naphthylacetic acid, so that the characteristic that the demand of the tree for the naphthylacetic acid is different in the growth period is fully utilized, and the recovery of the root after the tree is planted is accelerated;
s5, loosening 5cm of soil at the root of the tree in winter, covering the periphery of the planting hole with a heat preservation film, covering the planting hole with a diameter which exceeds the diameter of the planting hole by 20cm, and fully spreading 16cm of the fine planting soil on the heat preservation film; in summer, the roots are loosened by 6cm, fine planting soil is used for constructing a water ring weir, and 400ml of cellaring water is poured at intervals of 6 h.
For example 1, example 2 and example 3, 30 trees were selected respectively, and the rooting cycle, survival rate, growth rate and tree formation rate of the trees were measured to be high, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Trees growth
| Detailed description of the preferred embodiments | Week of rooting (moon) | The survival rate is high | Growth rate (cm/year) | Equal height of adult tree (m) |
| Example 1 | 1.5 | 96％ | 36 | 5.1 |
| Example 2 | 1.9 | 94％ | 31 | 4.2 |
| Example 3 | 2.1 | 89％ | 29 | 3.8 |
According to the table 1, in the embodiment 1, the bactericide formed by combining thiophanate methyl and the streptomyces fermentation broth is adopted, the planting holes filled with the streptomyces fermentation residues are adopted, the rooting period is 1.5 months, the survival rate is 96%, the growth speed is 36 cm/year, and the height of the grown trees is 5.1m, so that the superiority of the planting method of the malus halliana.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A planting method of malus halliana at altitude of more than four kilometers is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an area with sand content not more than 15% as a cleaning area, cleaning garbage in the planting area, and spraying bactericide into the planting area according to the ratio of 10-20kg/m2 after cleaning; the bactericide is 70% of propineb or 70% of thiophanate-methyl according to the volume ratio of 1: 6 mixing with streptomycete fermentation liquor;
s2, selecting a Malus halliana tree with the breast diameter phi of 5-6cm, digging root soil balls with the diameter of 35-40cm and the thickness of 25-30cm in a digging process in a cultivation area, performing digging treatment on the root soil balls, combing the trunk to remove leaves, controlling the height of branches of the trunk to be 2.0-2.5m, and binding the branches by adopting a straw rope;
the excavation treatment comprises the following steps: spraying a bactericide on the root soil ball, spraying the moistened root soil ball again after 5min, tightly wrapping the root soil ball by using a film, and binding and fixing the root soil ball by using straw ropes in a staggered manner;
s3, selecting a shrub and weed free area from the planting area prepared in S1, excavating a pot bottom type planting hole, and finely crushing the excavated soil to form fine planting soil for later use; the diameter of the planting hole is not less than 55cm, the depth of the planting hole is 15-20cm lower than the thickness of the root soil ball, and after excavation is finished, the planting hole is filled with fermentation residues, and the filling thickness is 3-6 cm; the streptomycete fermentation liquor is obtained by adopting soil actinomycete streptomycete griseus, fermenting for 22 hours by taking residual branches and leaves generated by combing and removing the leaves as raw materials, filtering and standing; the fermentation residues are soil actinomycete streptomyces griseus fermentation residues generated after the raw material fermentation is finished;
s4, transplanting the malus halliana trees processed in S2 into a planting hole prepared in S3, paving the bottom of the planting hole with the fine planting soil in S3 to a thickness of 3-5cm, planting the root soil ball into the planting hole opposite to the bottom of the planting hole, backfilling the planting hole with the fine planting soil, and tamping; when the tamping thickness is 1/3, uniformly scattering 20-25g of water-retaining agent around the root soil ball in the planting hole, and continuously filling the tamping planting hole with fine planting soil; when the height of the root soil ball reaches 4/5, thoroughly irrigating with 30% rooting water, after 3-5h, filling the whole planting hole with 10% rooting water, after 7-10h, continuously filling the planting hole with a soil filling and loosening manner, and constructing a water ring weir to irrigate with 10% rooting water;
s5, loosening soil at the root of the tree by 5-6cm in winter, covering the periphery of the tree stem foot diameter of the planting hole with a heat preservation film, covering the periphery with a diameter which exceeds the diameter of the planting hole by 20cm, and paving 15-20cm of the fine planting soil on the heat preservation film; in summer, loosening soil 5-6cm from the root, constructing a water ring weir by using fine planting soil, and irrigating 400ml of cellaring water at intervals of 6 h.
2. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the branch combing and leaf removing comprises combing back branches, super long branches and weak small branches; removing residual leaves, diseased leaves and yellow leaves, and ensuring
The total amount of leaves is 15% before treatment.
3. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rooting water is 30% of rooting water obtained by mixing 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water according to the ratio of 3:5, uniformly stirring, heating to 25 ℃, standing, filtering and removing insoluble precipitates.
4. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rooting water is 10% of rooting water which is obtained by mixing and stirring 80% of naphthylacetic acid and water uniformly according to a ratio of 1:7, standing and filtering to remove insoluble precipitates.
5. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water ring weir is set to be 25-35cm in diameter, 10cm in height and 5cm in weir channel width according to the breast diameter of the tree.
6. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water-retaining agent is high-adsorbability resin formed by starch grafted acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substances.
7. The planting method of malus halliana at a plateau with an altitude of more than four kilometers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fine crushing treatment is to crush soil for 2 hours by a crusher, filter the soil by a screen to obtain wet fine planting soil with the particle size of less than 1.5mm, and dry the soil for 3 hours to obtain the fine planting soil.
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