CN104904530B - Non-woven bag bagging cultivation method - Google Patents
Non-woven bag bagging cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904530B CN104904530B CN201510344877.7A CN201510344877A CN104904530B CN 104904530 B CN104904530 B CN 104904530B CN 201510344877 A CN201510344877 A CN 201510344877A CN 104904530 B CN104904530 B CN 104904530B
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000026010 Dendrobium candidum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000302661 Phyllostachys pubescens Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001076416 Dendrobium tosaense Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
- A01G13/20—Protective coverings for plants
- A01G13/21—Protective coverings for plants providing overhead protection, i.e. canopies
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
一种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，通过栽培基质填充、套袋、种植、回水设置、固定、置放实现植物的栽培。本发明有益的效果是：在无纺布袋中填充入土壤和肥料，然后采用黑色塑料袋罩住无纺布袋并进行固定，将无纺布袋和黑色塑料袋运用结合起来，能够防止土壤中营养物质、水分的流失，能够保证作物具有充足的营养物质、水分进行吸收，能够免去或减少后续作物栽培施肥、灌水、除草的过程，降低了人工劳动强度，节约了人工成本，使作物生长能够比传统栽培方法表现得更为出色；并且材料价格低廉，成本低，易操作，效果好。
The invention relates to a non-woven bag-covering cultivation method, which realizes the cultivation of plants by filling the cultivation substrate, covering the bag, planting, setting back water, fixing and placing. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: fill the non-woven bag with soil and fertilizer, then use a black plastic bag to cover the non-woven bag and fix it, and combine the use of the non-woven bag and the black plastic bag to prevent soil The loss of nutrients and water in the medium can ensure that the crops have sufficient nutrients and water to absorb, and can eliminate or reduce the process of subsequent crop cultivation, fertilization, irrigation, and weeding, reduce labor intensity, save labor costs, and make crops The growth can be performed better than the traditional cultivation method; and the material is cheap, the cost is low, the operation is easy, and the effect is good.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种植物栽培种植方法，尤其涉及一种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法。The invention relates to a plant cultivation and planting method, in particular to a non-woven bag-covering cultivation method.
背景技术Background technique
目前，植物的栽培方式通常都是盆栽或者露天土壤栽培，这两种方式都具有一定的缺陷，盆栽方式的缺陷在于盆栽中的土壤在光照下水分、肥料养分容易蒸发，水分蒸发后土壤就会出现干化硬化的现象，土壤中的营养元素就会减少，使植物不能得到充足的营养元素和水分吸收，造成植物出现枯萎、病变现象，甚至还会造成植株死亡，要达到作物良好生长，在干旱季节就需要人工定时浇灌、喷灌水肥或搭遮荫棚遮荫，这样会造成材料和人工成本的增加；露天土壤栽培的缺陷在于土壤无封闭环境，一者易造成土壤中的营养成分流失，旱季在光照下水肥养分容易蒸发，使作物不能够得到充足的营养元素和水分进行吸收，二者雨季如不及时开沟排水，易造成作物根系积水植株生长不良与死亡，三者杂草丛生与作物争水抢肥，影响作物生长，因此，两者的栽培方式效果都不尽人意。At present, the cultivation methods of plants are usually potted plants or open-air soil cultivation. Both of these methods have certain defects. The defect of potted plants is that the soil in potted plants is easy to evaporate water and fertilizer nutrients under the light. After the water evaporates, the soil will When the phenomenon of drying and hardening occurs, the nutrient elements in the soil will decrease, so that the plants cannot get sufficient nutrient elements and water absorption, causing the plants to wither, disease, and even cause the plants to die. To achieve good growth of crops, in In the dry season, it is necessary to manually water regularly, spray water and fertilizer or build a shade shed, which will increase the cost of materials and labor; the defect of open-air soil cultivation is that the soil has no closed environment, one is easy to cause the loss of nutrients in the soil, In the dry season, water, fertilizer and nutrients are easy to evaporate under the light, so that the crops cannot get sufficient nutrients and water to absorb. If the ditch is not dug and drained in time in the rainy season, it is easy to cause poor growth and death of the crop root system and the growth of the three weeds. It competes with crops for water and fertilizer, which affects crop growth. Therefore, the effects of both cultivation methods are not satisfactory.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决上述现有技术存在的问题，提供一种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，使土壤中的营养成分和水分不会流失，土壤湿润疏松有利于微生物生长，改良土壤结构，使植株根系发达吸收更多养分和水分，同时又免去人工定时灌溉、施肥、除草的过程，降低人工成本，保证植物的正常栽培生长。The present invention aims to solve the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a non-woven bagging cultivation method, so that the nutrients and water in the soil will not be lost, the moist and loose soil is conducive to the growth of microorganisms, the soil structure is improved, and the plants The well-developed root system absorbs more nutrients and water, and at the same time eliminates the process of artificial timing irrigation, fertilization, and weeding, reducing labor costs and ensuring the normal cultivation and growth of plants.
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案：这种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: this non-woven bag bagging cultivation method comprises the following steps:
第一步，栽培基质填充，取干净无提手呈筒形的无纺布袋，使之开口朝上，然后将土壤、肥料搅拌均匀填充入无纺布袋中，将无纺布袋的三分之二袋体填实，使填实后的无纺布袋处于平稳墩立状态；The first step is to fill the cultivation medium. Take a clean non-woven bag with a handle and a cylindrical shape, and make it open upward, then mix the soil and fertilizer evenly and fill it into the non-woven bag, and put three parts of the non-woven bag Two-thirds of the bag is filled, so that the filled non-woven bag is in a stable and upright state;
第二步，套袋，取市面上常用的黑色塑料袋，黑色塑料袋尺寸大于无纺布袋尺寸，然后将黑色塑料袋开口朝下罩住无纺布袋，形成黑色塑料袋底部朝上、开口朝下的状态，种植单株植物时，在黑色塑料袋袋底中央开口进行种植，种植多株植物时，在黑色塑料袋袋底均匀开出若干个口子进行种植；The second step is bagging. Take a black plastic bag commonly used in the market. The size of the black plastic bag is larger than the size of the non-woven bag, and then cover the non-woven bag with the opening of the black plastic bag facing down, forming a black plastic bag with the bottom facing up, With the opening facing down, when planting a single plant, plant with an opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag; when planting multiple plants, evenly open several openings at the bottom of the black plastic bag for planting;
第三步，种植，将需要种植的植株穿过黑色塑料袋袋底的口子种植到无纺布袋内，使植株达到根舒、苗正的状态，然后在无纺布袋中进行第二次填土，将土壤继续填充入无纺布袋中，填至土壤表面距离无纺布袋袋口2厘米处为止，接着将黑色塑料袋套至无纺布袋袋底；The third step is planting. Plant the plants to be planted into the non-woven bag through the opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag, so that the plants can reach the state of comfortable roots and upright seedlings, and then carry out the second cultivation in the non-woven bag. Fill the soil, continue to fill the soil into the non-woven bag until the surface of the soil is 2 cm away from the mouth of the non-woven bag, and then cover the black plastic bag to the bottom of the non-woven bag;
第四步，回水设置，将无纺布袋中部表面的土壤拨动到无纺布袋袋口的周边，使无纺布袋表面的土壤形成凹形状态，无纺布袋袋口周边的土壤高出无纺布袋中部的土壤2厘米-3厘米；The fourth step is the return water setting. Move the soil on the middle surface of the non-woven bag to the periphery of the non-woven bag mouth, so that the soil on the surface of the non-woven bag forms a concave state, and the soil around the non-woven bag mouth The soil is 2cm-3cm higher than the soil in the middle of the non-woven bag;
第五步，固定，在无纺布袋从上至下三分之一位置处采用塑料带或者无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳将黑色塑料袋、无纺布袋捆绑扎实，以6级风不能吹走黑色塑料袋为标准，达到黑色塑料袋无法从无纺布袋上脱离的状态为止，然后对植株枝叶进行整理，达到植株枝叶全部露在黑色塑料袋上面的状态为止，接着在靠近无纺布袋袋口周边土壤的位置上插上3-4根呈数字7字形的竹枝桠，将黑色塑料袋的口子插实压紧；The fifth step is to fix the black plastic bag and non-woven bag tightly with plastic tape or non-mildew dry straw or dry straw rope at the position from the top to the bottom third of the non-woven bag. The standard is that the black plastic bag cannot be blown away, until the black plastic bag cannot be separated from the non-woven bag, and then the plant branches and leaves are arranged until the plant branches and leaves are all exposed on the black plastic bag, and then close to the non-woven bag. Insert 3-4 bamboo branches in the shape of a figure 7 on the soil around the mouth of the woven bag, and insert the mouth of the black plastic bag tightly;
第六步，置放，采用苗圃地置放或者山地置放，苗圃地置放时先进行开沟排水，然后进行置放，置放时无纺布袋袋体之间的间距为5厘米-10厘米，置放时保持平整，山地置放时先进行开沟排水，然后在置放时使无纺布袋袋体保持平整状态即可。The sixth step is to place it in a nursery or in a mountain. When placing it in a nursery, first drain the ditch and then place it. When placing it, the distance between the non-woven bags is 5 cm- 10 cm, keep it flat when placed, ditch and drain first when placed in a mountainous area, and then keep the non-woven bag body flat when placed.
进一步的，黑色塑料袋采用聚乙烯材料制成。Further, the black plastic bag is made of polyethylene material.
在第一步中，无纺布袋选用薄型无纺布袋，也就是厚度为0.01毫米的无纺布袋，在第四步中将无纺布袋袋口周边土壤做成凹形状态，也就是做成平底锅的形状，便于雨水收集，第五步中将无纺布袋和黑色塑料袋捆绑扎实，再结合数字7字形竹枝桠插实压紧黑色塑料袋，作用是：一是能够阻隔无纺布袋袋中上部土壤水分蒸腾，二是塑料带或者无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳以下留出三分之二空间利于土壤、植物根系透气，水汽交换，阻隔无纺布袋袋下及周边土壤水分蒸腾，能最大限度利用天然降水蒸发归集于黑色塑料袋内，保持袋内、袋下和周边土壤湿润状态，竹枝桠取毛竹或小竹枝桠，每根长度10厘米-15厘米长，粗度0.3厘米-1厘米，倒枝桠长1.5厘米-2.5厘米，作用是:一是固定黑色塑料袋袋口，阻隔水分蒸发，收集天然降水，水肥随杆渗透而下，且分布均匀，达到水肥只进不出或少出的状态，二是减少杂草生长，在第六步中苗圃地置放时，做好开沟排水能够预防苗圃地积水，无纺布袋之间留有5厘米-10厘米或一定间距，作用是：一使无纺布袋容器内增加透气性，通过黑色塑料袋覆盖，能够减少土壤水肥蒸发，收集更多自然降水，保持黑色塑料袋覆盖住的部分土壤湿润疏松，利于微生物生长；二则可提高夏季高温季节通风降温；三则能够在冬季结合修整边沟，间距内适当加土覆盖，压住黑色塑料袋口可提高容器内温度及地温，抵御和减少寒潮和冰冻危害，具有增温保墒的效果。In the first step, the non-woven bag is a thin non-woven bag, that is, a non-woven bag with a thickness of 0.01 mm. In the fourth step, the soil around the mouth of the non-woven bag is made into a concave state, which is also It is made into the shape of a pan, which is convenient for rainwater collection. In the fifth step, the non-woven bag and the black plastic bag are bound firmly, and then combined with the figure 7-shaped bamboo branches to insert and compact the black plastic bag. The functions are: first, it can block The soil moisture in the upper part of the non-woven bag is transpired, and the second is to leave two-thirds of the space under the plastic belt or non-mildew dry straw or dry straw rope, which is good for the soil and plant roots to breathe, exchange water vapor, and block the bottom of the non-woven bag. The moisture in the surrounding soil is transpired, which can maximize the use of natural precipitation and evaporate it into a black plastic bag to keep the bag, under the bag and the surrounding soil moist. The bamboo branches are moso bamboo or small bamboo branches, each with a length of 10 cm-15 cm. , the thickness is 0.3 cm-1 cm, and the length of the inverted branches is 1.5 cm-2.5 cm. Water and fertilizer can only go in or out or less out. The second is to reduce the growth of weeds. When placing the nursery in the sixth step, do a good job of ditching and drainage to prevent water accumulation in the nursery. Leave 5 Centimeter-10cm or a certain distance, the function is: 1. Increase the air permeability in the non-woven bag container, and cover it with a black plastic bag, which can reduce the evaporation of soil water and fertilizer, collect more natural precipitation, and keep part of the soil covered by the black plastic bag Moist and loose, which is conducive to the growth of microorganisms; second, it can improve ventilation and cooling in summer high temperature season; third, it can be combined with trimming side ditches in winter, and cover with soil appropriately within the distance, and press the black plastic bag mouth to increase the temperature inside the container and the ground temperature, resisting and Reduce cold wave and freezing hazards, and have the effect of increasing temperature and preserving moisture.
本发明的无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，将土壤和肥料混合搅拌作为基质填充入无纺布袋，无纺布袋作为土壤的容器使用，能够留住土壤中的营养成分，防止营养成分从土壤中流失，并且还具有透气的效果，便于土壤透气，施加肥料后能够让后续作物栽培肥效长久，无需施更多肥料造成浪费，由于肥料的营养成分被无纺布袋留在了土壤当中，不会流失，因此，在后续的作物栽培当中，节省了植物栽培当中施肥的过程，降低人工劳动强度，节约人工成本，并且能够保证植物具有充足的营养物质可以吸收；将黑色塑料袋罩住无纺布袋并将黑色塑料袋固定在无纺布袋上，这样，一方面减少无纺布袋中土壤受到光照，防止土壤过度受热而蒸发水分，防止土壤出现干化硬化现象，湿润透气使土壤中的营养成分及微生物能够正常流通；另一方面作物根系的生长吸收蒸腾会流失部分水分，而黑色塑料袋将无纺布袋内、袋外土壤蒸腾作用产生的水蒸气挡留在无纺布袋、黑色塑料袋之间，使水蒸气回流重新回归补充到土壤中，供作物根系吸收，使土壤中的水分经过循环一直保留在土壤中，免去后续作物栽培当中灌水的过程，降低了人工劳动强度，节约了人工成本，并且能够保证植物具有充足的水分可以吸收，第三步就是进行作物的栽植，黑色塑料袋采用聚乙烯材料制成，塑料带、无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳价格低廉，成本低，能够就地取材，节约成本；土壤被黑色塑料袋底部覆盖，在黑色塑料袋的内部封闭设置起到一个回水作用，当雨水落到无纺布袋表面上的黑色塑料袋上时，雨水就顺着黑色塑料袋的表面通过植株栽培口子、竹枝桠均匀地进入土壤中；落到无纺布袋袋口外的雨水，湿润置放地土壤，因黑色塑料袋罩着，范围内土壤水分不会蒸发到空气当中，从而起到天然降水充分回收利用作用，也起到了灌溉作用，增加土壤中的水分含量，能够免去后续作物栽培的灌溉过程，节省人工成本。插杆采用毛竹枝桠或小竹等材料制成，可以节约成本，无纺布袋袋口凹形设置能够实现收集大量雨水的效果，使用效果好，栽培的植物也就是作物。In the non-woven bag-covering cultivation method of the present invention, soil and fertilizer are mixed and stirred as a substrate and filled into a non-woven bag, and the non-woven bag is used as a soil container, which can retain the nutrients in the soil and prevent the nutrients from It is lost in the soil, and it also has a breathable effect, which is convenient for the soil to breathe. After applying fertilizer, it can make the follow-up crops cultivated for a long time, and there is no need to apply more fertilizer to cause waste. Because the nutrients of the fertilizer are left in the soil by the non-woven bag, Therefore, in the subsequent crop cultivation, it saves the process of fertilization in plant cultivation, reduces labor intensity, saves labor costs, and can ensure that plants have sufficient nutrients to absorb; cover the black plastic bag without Woven bag and fix the black plastic bag on the non-woven bag. In this way, on the one hand, the soil in the non-woven bag is reduced from light, prevents the soil from being overheated and evaporates water, prevents the soil from drying and hardening, and makes the soil moist and breathable. The nutrients and microorganisms in the bag can circulate normally; on the other hand, the growth, absorption and transpiration of the crop root system will lose part of the water, and the black plastic bag keeps the water vapor generated by the transpiration of the soil inside and outside the non-woven bag in the non-woven bag. Between the bag and the black plastic bag, the water vapor can return to the soil and be absorbed by the roots of the crops, so that the water in the soil can be kept in the soil through circulation, eliminating the need for irrigation in the subsequent crop cultivation and reducing labor costs. Labor intensity, saving labor costs, and ensuring that plants have sufficient water to absorb, the third step is to plant crops, black plastic bags are made of polyethylene materials, plastic belts, non-mildew dry straw, dry straw rope The price is low, the cost is low, and materials can be obtained locally, saving costs; the soil is covered by the bottom of the black plastic bag, and the inside of the black plastic bag is sealed to play a backwater function. When the rain falls on the black plastic on the surface of the non-woven bag When the bag is put on the bag, the rainwater will enter the soil evenly along the surface of the black plastic bag through the opening of the plant cultivation and the bamboo branches; the rainwater falling outside the mouth of the non-woven bag will moisten the soil where it is placed, because the black plastic bag is covered. The soil moisture within the range will not evaporate into the air, so as to fully recycle and utilize natural precipitation, and also play a role in irrigation, increasing the moisture content in the soil, which can save the irrigation process of subsequent crop cultivation and save labor costs. The insertion rod is made of moso bamboo branches or small bamboo, which can save costs. The concave shape of the non-woven bag mouth can realize the effect of collecting a large amount of rainwater, and the use effect is good. The cultivated plants are also crops.
本发明无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，栽培的作物可适用于苗圃地树木花卉苗木培育、名贵中草药种植、大棚与树下立体悬挂种植、房屋露顶平台及阳台绿化种植等，具有使用范围广、节约土地，可连作、又可立体经营，栽培方法先进，使用效果好。The non-woven bag-covering cultivation method of the present invention, the cultivated crops can be applied to the cultivation of trees and flower seedlings in nurseries, the cultivation of precious Chinese herbal medicines, the three-dimensional hanging cultivation under greenhouses and trees, the greening cultivation of houses with open roof platforms and balconies, etc., and has a wide range of applications. , Land saving, continuous cropping, and three-dimensional operation, advanced cultivation methods, good use effect.
本发明无纺布袋套袋栽培方法中栽培的植物为乔木、灌木、藤本类和草本类植物。The plants cultivated in the non-woven bag-covering cultivation method of the present invention are trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous plants.
本发明有益的效果是：本发明的无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，在无纺布袋中填充入土壤和肥料，然后采用黑色塑料袋罩住无纺布袋并进行固定，将无纺布袋和黑色塑料袋运用结合起来，能够防止土壤中营养物质、水分的流失，能够保证作物具有充足的营养物质、水分进行吸收，能够免去或减少后续作物栽培施肥、灌水、除草的过程，降低了人工劳动强度，节约了人工成本，使作物生长能够比传统栽培方法表现得更为出色；并且材料价格低廉，成本低，易操作，效果好。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the non-woven bag-covering cultivation method of the present invention fills the non-woven bag with soil and fertilizer, then uses a black plastic bag to cover the non-woven bag and fixes it, and the non-woven bag The combination of bags and black plastic bags can prevent the loss of nutrients and water in the soil, ensure that the crops have sufficient nutrients and water to absorb, and can avoid or reduce the process of subsequent crop cultivation, fertilization, irrigation, and weeding, reducing It reduces the labor intensity and saves labor costs, so that crop growth can be performed better than traditional cultivation methods; and the materials are cheap, low cost, easy to operate, and good in effect.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为本发明实施例无纺布袋填充土壤基质的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of non-woven bag filling soil matrix of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例黑色塑料袋套在无纺布袋上的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the black plastic bag of the embodiment of the present invention is covered on the non-woven bag;
图3为本发明实施例种植上作物的示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of planting crops in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例回水设置的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the backwater setting of the embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例插上竹枝桠的示意图；Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of inserting bamboo branches in the embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例绑上绑带的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of binding a strap according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明：无纺布袋1，土壤2，黑色塑料袋3，竹枝桠4。Explanation of reference signs: non-woven bag 1, soil 2, black plastic bag 3, bamboo branch 4.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面对本发明作进一步说明：The present invention will be further described below:
实施例一：Embodiment one:
这种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，包括如下步骤：This non-woven bag bagging cultivation method comprises the steps:
第一步，栽培基质填充，取干净无提手呈筒形的无纺布袋1，使之开口朝上，然后将土壤2、肥料搅拌均匀填充入无纺布袋1中，将无纺布袋1的三分之二袋体填实，使填实后的无纺布袋1处于平稳墩立状态；The first step is to fill the cultivation medium. Take a clean non-woven bag 1 with a handle and a cylindrical shape, and make it open upward, then stir the soil 2 and fertilizer into the non-woven bag 1 evenly, and put the non-woven bag 1 into the non-woven bag. Two-thirds of the bag body of the bag 1 is filled, so that the filled non-woven bag 1 is in a stable and upright state;
第二步，套袋，取市面上常用的黑色塑料袋3，黑色塑料袋3尺寸大于无纺布袋尺寸1，然后将黑色塑料袋3开口朝下罩住无纺布袋1，形成黑色塑料袋3底部朝上、开口朝下的状态，种植单株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底中央开口进行种植，种植多株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底均匀开出若干个口子进行种植；The second step is bagging. Take the black plastic bag 3 commonly used in the market. The size of the black plastic bag 3 is larger than the size of the non-woven bag 1, and then cover the non-woven bag 1 with the opening of the black plastic bag 3 facing down to form a black plastic bag. With the bottom of the bag 3 facing up and the opening facing down, when planting a single plant, plant it with the central opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3; when planting multiple plants, make several openings evenly at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3 planting;
第三步，种植，将需要种植的植株穿过黑色塑料袋3袋底的口子种植到无纺布袋1内，使植株达到根舒、苗正的状态，然后在无纺布袋中进行第二次填土，将土壤2继续填充入无纺布袋中，填至土壤2表面距离无纺布袋1袋口2厘米处为止，接着将黑色塑料袋3套至无纺布袋1袋底；The third step is planting. Plant the plants to be planted into the non-woven bag 1 through the opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3, so that the plants can reach the state of comfortable roots and upright seedlings, and then carry out the first step in the non-woven bag. Secondary soil filling, continue to fill the soil 2 into the non-woven bag until the surface of the soil 2 is 2 cm away from the opening of the non-woven bag 1, and then put 3 sets of black plastic bags to the bottom of the non-woven bag 1 ;
第四步，回水设置，将无纺布袋1中部表面的土壤2拨动到无纺布袋1袋口的周边，使无纺布袋1表面的土壤2形成凹形状态，无纺布袋1袋口周边的土壤2高出无纺布袋1中部的土壤2厘米；The fourth step is to set up the return water. Move the soil 2 on the surface of the middle part of the non-woven bag 1 to the periphery of the pocket of the non-woven bag 1, so that the soil 2 on the surface of the non-woven bag 1 forms a concave state. The soil 2 around the mouth of the bag 1 is 2 cm higher than the soil in the middle of the non-woven bag 1;
第五步，固定，在无纺布袋1从上至下三分之一位置处采用塑料带或者无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳将黑色塑料袋3、无纺布袋1捆绑扎实，以6级风不能吹走黑色塑料袋3为标准，达到黑色塑料袋3无法从无纺布袋1上脱离的状态为止，然后对植株枝叶进行整理，达到植株枝叶全部露在黑色塑料袋3上面的状态为止，接着在靠近无纺布袋1袋口周边土壤的位置上插上3根呈数字7字形的竹枝桠4，将黑色塑料袋3的口子插实压紧；The fifth step is to fix the black plastic bag 3 and the non-woven bag 1 with a plastic belt or mildew-free dry straw or dry straw rope at the top to bottom third of the non-woven bag 1, so that Level 6 wind cannot blow away the black plastic bag 3 as a standard, until the black plastic bag 3 cannot be separated from the non-woven bag 1, and then arrange the branches and leaves of the plant until all the branches and leaves of the plant are exposed on the black plastic bag 3 state, then insert 3 bamboo branches 4 in the shape of a figure 7 near the soil around the opening of the non-woven bag 1, and insert the opening of the black plastic bag 3 tightly;
第六步，置放，采用苗圃地置放，苗圃地置放时先进行开沟排水，然后进行置放，置放时无纺布袋1袋体之间的间距为5厘米，置放时保持平整。The sixth step is to place it in a nursery. When placing it in a nursery, first ditch and drain it, and then place it. When placing it, the distance between the non-woven bag 1 bag is 5 cm. Keep it flat.
进一步的，黑色塑料袋3采用聚乙烯材料制成。Further, the black plastic bag 3 is made of polyethylene material.
无纺布袋1的直径为18厘米，装土后的高度为22厘米，黑色塑料袋3的直径为26厘米，高度为35厘米。The diameter of non-woven bag 1 is 18 centimetres, and the height after filling soil is 22 centimetres, and the diameter of black plastic bag 3 is 26 centimetres, and height is 35 centimetres.
在本发明实施例一中，栽培的作物是蓝莓苗木。In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the cultivated crops are blueberry seedlings.
实施例二：Embodiment two:
这种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，包括如下步骤：This non-woven bag bagging cultivation method comprises the steps:
第一步，栽培基质填充，取干净无提手呈筒形的无纺布袋1，使之开口朝上，然后将土壤2、肥料搅拌均匀填充入无纺布袋1中，将无纺布袋1的三分之二袋体填实，使填实后的无纺布袋1处于平稳墩立状态；The first step is to fill the cultivation medium. Take a clean non-woven bag 1 with a handle and a cylindrical shape, and make it open upward, then stir the soil 2 and fertilizer into the non-woven bag 1 evenly, and put the non-woven bag 1 into the non-woven bag. Two-thirds of the bag body of the bag 1 is filled, so that the filled non-woven bag 1 is in a stable and upright state;
第二步，套袋，取市面上常用的黑色塑料袋3，黑色塑料袋3尺寸大于无纺布袋1尺寸，然后将黑色塑料袋3开口朝下罩住无纺布袋1，形成黑色塑料袋3底部朝上、开口朝下的状态，种植单株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底中央开口进行种植，种植多株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底均匀开出若干个口子进行种植；The second step is bagging. Take the black plastic bag 3 commonly used in the market. The size of the black plastic bag 3 is larger than the size of the non-woven bag 1, and then cover the non-woven bag 1 with the opening of the black plastic bag 3 facing down to form a black plastic bag. With the bottom of the bag 3 facing up and the opening facing down, when planting a single plant, plant it with the central opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3; when planting multiple plants, make several openings evenly at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3 planting;
第三步，种植，将需要种植的植株穿过黑色塑料袋3袋底的口子种植到无纺布袋1内，使植株达到根舒、苗正的状态，然后在无纺布袋1中进行第二次填土，将土壤2继续填充入无纺布袋1中，填至土壤2表面距离无纺布袋1袋口2厘米处为止，接着将黑色塑料袋3套至无纺布袋1袋底；The third step is planting. The plants to be planted are planted in the non-woven bag 1 through the opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3, so that the plants reach the state of comfortable roots and seedlings, and then carry out in the non-woven bag 1. Fill the soil for the second time, continue to fill the soil 2 into the non-woven bag 1 until the surface of the soil 2 is 2 cm away from the mouth of the non-woven bag 1, and then put 3 black plastic bags into the non-woven bag 1 bottom of the bag;
第四步，回水设置，将无纺布袋1中部表面的土壤2拨动到无纺布袋1袋口的周边，使无纺布袋1表面的土壤2形成凹形状态，无纺布袋1袋口周边的土壤2高出无纺布袋1中部的土壤3厘米；The fourth step is to set up the return water. Move the soil 2 on the surface of the middle part of the non-woven bag 1 to the periphery of the pocket of the non-woven bag 1, so that the soil 2 on the surface of the non-woven bag 1 forms a concave state. The soil 2 around the mouth of the bag 1 is 3 centimeters higher than the soil in the middle of the non-woven bag 1;
第五步，固定，在无纺布袋1从上至下三分之一位置处采用塑料带或者无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳将黑色塑料袋3、无纺布袋1捆绑扎实，以6级风不能吹走黑色塑料袋3为标准，达到黑色塑料袋3无法从无纺布袋1上脱离的状态为止，然后对植株枝叶进行整理，达到植株枝叶全部露在黑色塑料袋3上面的状态为止，接着在靠近无纺布袋1袋口周边土壤2的位置上插上3根呈数字7字形的竹枝桠4，将黑色塑料袋3的口子插实压紧；The fifth step is to fix the black plastic bag 3 and the non-woven bag 1 with a plastic belt or mildew-free dry straw or dry straw rope at the top to bottom third of the non-woven bag 1, so that Level 6 wind cannot blow away the black plastic bag 3 as a standard, until the black plastic bag 3 cannot be separated from the non-woven bag 1, and then arrange the branches and leaves of the plant until all the branches and leaves of the plant are exposed on the black plastic bag 3 state, then insert 3 bamboo branches 4 in the shape of a figure 7 near the soil 2 around the opening of the non-woven bag 1, and insert the opening of the black plastic bag 3 tightly;
第六步，置放，采用山地置放，山地置放时先进行开沟排水，然后在置放时使无纺布袋1袋体保持平整状态即可。The sixth step is to place it in a mountainous area. When placing it in a mountainous area, first open ditches and drain water, and then keep the non-woven bag 1 in a flat state when placing it.
进一步的，黑色塑料袋3采用聚乙烯材料制成。Further, the black plastic bag 3 is made of polyethylene material.
无纺布袋的直径为22厘米，装土后高度为24厘米，黑色塑料袋的直径为30厘米，高度为38厘米。The non-woven bag has a diameter of 22 centimeters and a height of 24 centimeters after filling the soil. The black plastic bag has a diameter of 30 centimeters and a height of 38 centimeters.
在本发明实施例二中，栽培的作物是三叶青。In Example 2 of the present invention, the cultivated crop is Clover.
实施例三：Embodiment three:
这种无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，包括如下步骤：This non-woven bag bagging cultivation method comprises the steps:
第一步，栽培基质填充，取干净无提手呈筒形的无纺布袋1，使之开口朝上，然后将土壤2、肥料搅拌均匀填充入无纺布袋1中，将无纺布袋1的三分之二袋体填实，使填实后的无纺布袋1处于平稳墩立状态；The first step is to fill the cultivation medium. Take a clean non-woven bag 1 with a handle and a cylindrical shape, and make it open upward, then stir the soil 2 and fertilizer into the non-woven bag 1 evenly, and put the non-woven bag 1 into the non-woven bag. Two-thirds of the bag body of the bag 1 is filled, so that the filled non-woven bag 1 is in a stable and upright state;
第二步，套袋，取市面上常用的黑色塑料袋3，黑色塑料袋3尺寸大于无纺布袋尺寸，然后将黑色塑料袋3开口朝下罩住无纺布袋1，形成黑色塑料袋3底部朝上、开口朝下的状态，种植单株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底中央开口进行种植，种植多株植物时，在黑色塑料袋3袋底均匀开出若干个口子进行种植；The second step is bagging. Take a black plastic bag 3 commonly used in the market. The size of the black plastic bag 3 is larger than the size of the non-woven bag, and then cover the non-woven bag 1 with the opening of the black plastic bag 3 facing down to form a black plastic bag. 3 With the bottom facing up and the opening facing down, when planting a single plant, plant with the central opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3; when planting multiple plants, evenly open several openings at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3 for planting ;
第三步，种植，将需要种植的植株穿过黑色塑料袋3袋底的口子种植到无纺布袋1内，使植株达到根舒、苗正的状态，然后在无纺布袋1中进行第二次填土，将土壤2继续填充入无纺布袋1中，填至土壤2表面距离无纺布袋1袋口2厘米处为止，接着将黑色塑料袋3套至无纺布袋1袋底；The third step is planting. The plants to be planted are planted in the non-woven bag 1 through the opening at the bottom of the black plastic bag 3, so that the plants reach the state of comfortable roots and seedlings, and then carry out in the non-woven bag 1. Fill the soil for the second time, continue to fill the soil 2 into the non-woven bag 1 until the surface of the soil 2 is 2 cm away from the mouth of the non-woven bag 1, and then put 3 black plastic bags into the non-woven bag 1 bottom of the bag;
第四步，回水设置，将无纺布袋1中部表面的土壤2拨动到无纺布袋1袋口的周边，使无纺布袋1表面的土壤2形成凹形状态，无纺布袋1袋口周边的土壤2高出无纺布袋1中部的土壤2厘米；The fourth step is to set up the return water. Move the soil 2 on the surface of the middle part of the non-woven bag 1 to the periphery of the pocket of the non-woven bag 1, so that the soil 2 on the surface of the non-woven bag 1 forms a concave state. The soil 2 around the mouth of the bag 1 is 2 cm higher than the soil in the middle of the non-woven bag 1;
第五步，固定，在无纺布袋1从上至下三分之一位置处采用塑料带或者无霉变干稻草、干稻草绳将黑色塑料袋3、无纺布袋1捆绑扎实，以6级风不能吹走黑色塑料袋3为标准，达到黑色塑料袋3无法从无纺布袋1上脱离的状态为止，然后对植株枝叶进行整理，达到植株枝叶全部露在黑色塑料袋3上面的状态为止，接着在靠近无纺布袋1袋口周边土壤2的位置上插上4根呈数字7字形的竹枝桠4，将黑色塑料袋3的口子插实压紧；The fifth step is to fix the black plastic bag 3 and the non-woven bag 1 with a plastic belt or mildew-free dry straw or dry straw rope at the top to bottom third of the non-woven bag 1, so that Level 6 wind cannot blow away the black plastic bag 3 as a standard, until the black plastic bag 3 cannot be separated from the non-woven bag 1, and then arrange the branches and leaves of the plant until all the branches and leaves of the plant are exposed on the black plastic bag 3 state, then insert 4 bamboo branches 4 in the shape of a figure 7 near the soil 2 around the opening of the non-woven bag 1, and insert the opening of the black plastic bag 3 tightly;
第六步，置放，采用山地置放，山地置放时先进行开沟排水，使无纺布袋1袋体保持平整状态即可。The sixth step is to place it in a mountainous area. When placing it in a mountainous area, first open ditches and drain water to keep the non-woven bag 1 in a flat state.
进一步的，黑色塑料袋3采用聚乙烯材料制成。Further, the black plastic bag 3 is made of polyethylene material.
无纺布袋1的直径为22厘米，装土后高度为24厘米，黑色塑料袋3的直径为30厘米，高度为38厘米。The diameter of nonwoven bag 1 is 22 centimetres, and height is 24 centimetres, and the diameter of black plastic bag 3 is 30 centimetres, and height is 38 centimetres.
在本发明实施例三中，栽培的作物是铁皮石斛。In the third embodiment of the present invention, the cultivated crop is Dendrobium officinale.
图6中的绑带指的是塑料带、干稻草或者干稻草绳。The binding band among Fig. 6 refers to plastic band, dry straw or dry straw rope.
选取100份本发明实施例一苗圃地栽培的蓝莓苗木与100份普通方法盆栽的蓝莓苗木、100份普通方法土壤栽培的蓝莓苗木进行对比，结果如下：Choose 100 parts of blueberry seedlings cultivated in embodiment of the present invention one nursery ground and 100 parts of common method potted blueberry seedlings, 100 parts of common method blueberry seedlings of soil cultivation to compare, the results are as follows:
选取100份本发明实施例二野外山地放置栽培的三叶青与100份无纺布袋无套袋普通方法栽培的三叶青、100份树下山地土壤栽培的三叶青进行对比，结果如下：Choose 100 parts of Pseudomonas clover cultivated in the field in Example 2 of the present invention, and 100 parts of Pseudomonas clover cultivated by the ordinary method of non-woven bag without bagging, and 100 parts of Pseudomonas clover cultivated in mountain soil under the tree to compare, the results are as follows :
选取100份本发明实施例三野外山地放置栽培的铁皮石斛与100份野外普通方法树栽的铁皮石斛、100份大棚盆栽的铁皮石斛进行对比，结果如下：Choose 100 parts of Dendrobium candidum planted in the field of Example 3 of the present invention to place and cultivate in the wild, 100 parts of Dendrobium candidum planted by common methods in the field, and 100 parts of Dendrobium candidum potted in greenhouses to compare, and the results are as follows:
从上表可知，无论是在成活率上，作物质量上，栽培过程上，还是在总成本上，本发明的无纺布套袋栽培方法，均优于普通盆栽和普通土壤栽培。As can be seen from the above table, no matter on the survival rate, on the crop quality, on the cultivation process, or on the total cost, the non-woven fabric bagging cultivation method of the present invention is better than ordinary potted plants and ordinary soil cultivation.
本发明的无纺布袋套袋栽培方法，在无纺布袋1中填充入土壤2和肥料，然后采用黑色塑料袋3罩住无纺布袋1并进行固定，将无纺布袋1和黑色塑料袋3运用结合起来，能够防止土壤中营养物质、水分的流失，能够保证作物具有充足的营养物质、水分进行吸收，能够免去或减少后续作物栽培施肥、灌水、除草的过程，降低了人工劳动强度，节约了人工成本，使作物生长能够比传统栽培方法表现得更为出色；并且材料价格低廉，成本低，易操作，效果好。In the non-woven bag-covering cultivation method of the present invention, soil 2 and fertilizer are filled in the non-woven bag 1, and then the black plastic bag 3 is used to cover the non-woven bag 1 and fixed, and the non-woven bag 1 and The combination of black plastic bags 3 can prevent the loss of nutrients and water in the soil, ensure that the crops have sufficient nutrients and water to absorb, and can avoid or reduce the process of subsequent crop cultivation, fertilization, irrigation, and weeding, reducing the The artificial labor intensity saves the labor cost, so that the crop growth can be performed better than the traditional cultivation method; and the material is cheap, the cost is low, the operation is easy, and the effect is good.
虽然本发明已通过参考优选的实施例进行了描述，但是，本专业普通技术人员应当了解，在权利要求书的范围内，可作形式和细节上的各种各样变化。Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made within the scope of the claims.
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