CN110495313A - A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved - Google Patents
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved Download PDFInfo
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- CN110495313A CN110495313A CN201910871712.3A CN201910871712A CN110495313A CN 110495313 A CN110495313 A CN 110495313A CN 201910871712 A CN201910871712 A CN 201910871712A CN 110495313 A CN110495313 A CN 110495313A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, tea yield can be increased by engrafting and cultivating, and the present invention has prepared a kind of Nutrition Soil in cultivating process, a kind of Nutrition Soil is prepared by raw materials such as expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite and calcium carbonate during the preparation process, calcium carbonate is acidified by the dilute sulfuric acid of mass fraction 10%, some metallic elements can be passivated after the production method to soil after acidification；It is also relatively backward to solve current oil tea production, it is big that overall state is in area, low output, of poor benefits, during the growth process, when fertilising, existing fertilizer effect was slow for the situation and tea oil tree developed slowly, so that the growth of oil tea seedling is slow, the technical issues of tea yield can not be significantly improved, and be unable to supply the water demand of oil tea seedling, promote the growth of oil tea seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tea tree planting method, specially a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved.
Background technique
Oil tea is woody edible oil material tree species, and is one of four big woody edible oil source tree species of the world.Tea oil color clear flavor incense,
Nutritive value is high, is a kind of good edible health oil.Long-term consumption, can prevent the diseases such as angiocarpy；Oil-tea camellia husks are manufactures
The raw materials of industry such as theophylline, tannin extract, furfural, saponin；Tea cake can extract Tea Saponin for pharmaceutical；The byproducts such as oil-tea camellia husks can be made
For biological pesticide control plant pest；The tea oil tree florescence is longer, and the very dense fragrance of nectar is the nectar source tree of winter preciousness.Oil tea
It is barren-resistant, it is adaptable, can planting trees on barren hills, beautify the environment and water and soil, achieve many things at one stroke.Oil tea production at present is also compared
Relatively fall behind, overall state is in that area is big, and low output is of poor benefits, the situation developed slowly；Tea oil tree during the growth process, is applied
Existing fertilizer effect slowly, so that the growth of oil tea seedling is slowly, can not significantly improve tea yield, and be unable to supply oil tea when fertile
The water demand of seedling promotes the growth of oil tea seedling.
Chinese invention patent CN106332715B discloses that the invention discloses a kind of oil tea implantation methods, including walks as follows
It is rapid: (1) to thoroughly remove oil tea flowers and fruits within first 3 years after afforesting；(2) from afforesting the 5th year, annual mid-December mid-October-, in oil tea
Anther agent is protected in flowering stage sprinkling, selects fine day or cloudy day sprinkling tree crown, continuous 2 times, interval is 7 days；(3) it afforests the 5th year
It rises, annual 4 the middle ten days-mid-May, sprays fruit retention before the arriving of tea fruit expanding stage, select fine day or cloudy day sprinkling tree
Hat, continuous 2 times, interval is 7 days；(4) winter top dressing or base manure are chased after to tea tree root.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention:
During existing Growth of Camellia oleifera, the metal element contents such as manganese present in application fertilizer and soil are excessively high, shadow
Ring the growth and development of oil tea seedling, and not decomposed rape cake contacted when in use with soil after can consume the oxygen of soil,
Cause oil tea seedling root system unhealthy or even dead.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, includes the following steps:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.2-0.32cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two
It is cut at the lower part 0.5cm of side, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes, the long 1.0-1.2cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.0-2.5cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.3- from top to bottom
1.5cm, radicle retain 5-6cm long, cut off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains
It to grafting, is planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid；
Step S4, grafting grows into 3-5cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation after cultivating 2 years, cultivates strong
Seedling.
Further, layering disinfection treatment is carried out to stock kind in step S1, a disinfection in month is primary.
Further, control grafting seeding row spacing is 10 × 12cm when transplanting dilute cultivation in step S4.
Further, Nutrition Soil is made of following raw material in step S3: 20-25 parts of expanded vermiculites, 10-18 parts of carbon
Sour calcium, 35-50 parts of baked wheaten cake soil, 3-5 parts of plant fibers, 1-5 parts of expanded perlites, 5-10 parts of rape cakes.
Further, the Nutrition Soil is made by the following method:
(1) calcium carbonate is added in the blender that revolving speed is 45r/min, stirs 10min, 10% dilute sulfuric acid is added, continued
15min is stirred, the calcium carbonate after acidification is made；
(2) rape cake is tiled on a plastic film with burning soil and be uniformly mixed, covers layer of plastic film again later, two
Rape cake and baked wheaten cake soil after will be decomposed after it be collected；
(3) calcium carbonate after acidification is roasted, control calcining time is 1-3 hours, maturing temperature 250-350
DEG C, calcium carbonate, expanded vermiculite, plant fiber and the expanded perlite after roasting are mixed, smashing and grinding sieves with 100 mesh sieve, and is added
Collect it is decomposed after rape cake and burn the obtained Nutrition Soil of soil.
A kind of Nutrition Soil is prepared by raw materials such as expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite and calcium carbonate, step passes through matter in (1)
The dilute sulfuric acid of amount score 10% is acidified calcium carbonate, can be to some metal members after the production method to soil after acidification
Element is passivated, such as the elements such as manganese, reduces the activity of Manganese In Soils, prevents in soil that there are the elements such as manganese, influences oil tea seedling
Growth and development, improve tea-oil tree yield；Rape cake carried out in step (2) decomposed, on the one hand can preferably act on oil tea
Seedling, amount of heat is generated in digest process can clear up contained harmful miscellaneous bacteria, kill worm's ovum, and it is rich beneficial to bacterial content
Richness, a large amount of beneficial bacteriums enter in soil after application, form dominant microflora, inhibit the growth of disinfect pathogen in soil, and may be used also
To play the role of chesson, soil fertility is promoted, on the other hand also can prevent not decomposed rape cake from contacting with soil
The oxygen of post consumption soil causes oil tea seedling root system unhealthy or even dead；
Further, organic fertilizer is made of following raw material in step S4: 10%-18% biological bacteria, 3%-
10% charcoal, 5% aminoacids solution of 12%-18%, 3%-5% ammonium sulfate, 1%-2% calcium phosphate, the micro member of 3%-8%
Element, surplus are glycerine.
Microelement is that ferrous sulfate and potassium nitrate are mixed according to 1: 3 weight ratio.
Biological bacteria is that black-koji mould and rhizobium mix according to 1: 2 weight ratio.
Further, organic fertilizer is made by the following method:
The first step grinds charcoal, calcium phosphate, crosses 50 meshes, is added in deionized water and is uniformly mixed, quality point is added
Several 10% dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH, until pH is 5.6, filters after magnetic agitation 3h, are washed with deionized three times, are transferred to 85 DEG C
Dry 45min, is added 5% aminoacids solution, stirs evenly in drying box, and mixture is made；
Biological bacteria, ammonium sulfate and microelement are uniformly mixed by second step, and 10% dilute hydrochloric acid of mass fraction is added and adjusts
PH is added in glycerine, magnetic agitation 30min until pH is 3.6, and mixture is added, and is transferred in 90 DEG C of vacuum ovens and does
Dry 5h, control vacuum degree are -0.10MPa, are crushed later, are granulated, drying, and the organic fertilizer that partial size is 3-5mm is made.
The volume of charcoal micropore and mesoporous is larger, stronger to the adsorptivity of metal ion, in the first step with mass fraction
The mixing of 5% aminoacids solution can introduce the functional groups such as amino on its surface, and the functional group and metal ion have stronger combination
Ability, and then the ability for removing metal ion is further enhanced, furthermore the charcoal can be as fertilizer made of raw material
After acting on soil, the soil weight can reduce, and enhance the wetability of soil, be conducive to the sticking of moisture content, supply plant
Water demand, and the big volume of charcoal micropore and mesoporous to increase the active porosity of runoff, improves the full of soil
And hydraulic conductivity, the generation of earth's surface runoff and the soil erosion can be effectively reduced, charcoal plays promotion to the decomposition of ammonium sulfate and makees
With enabling fertilizer to play effect faster, improve crop yield.
Further, the treatment fluid is made of following raw material: 10-30 parts of tea polyphenols, 4-10 parts of poly dimethyls
Siloxanes, 4-12 parts of trideceths, 20-30 parts of gibberellin, 0.5-1.5 parts of povidone iodine, 0.8-1.2 parts of manganese sulfates,
0.5-2.0 parts of magnesium sulfate, 55-70 parts of deionized waters；
The treatment fluid is made by the following method:
(1) trideceth, tea polyphenols, povidone iodine, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate are added in deionized water, 40 DEG C of water
Bath heating 15min, is made basic agent；
(2) gibberellin and dimethyl silicone polymer are added into basic agent, is warming up to 50 DEG C, bacillus, control is added
Bacillus bacterium number processed is 2.8 × 1010A viable count/100g, the weight ratio for controlling basic agent and bacillus is 80: 0.3,
High concentration treatment fluid is made；
(3) high concentration treatment fluid and water are mixed according to 1: 200 ratio, treatment fluid is made.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved of the present invention, by the way that tealeaves can be increased to engrafting and cultivating
Yield, and the present invention has prepared a kind of Nutrition Soil and treatment fluid in cultivating process, and on the one hand treatment fluid can promote to plant
Son development, shortens growth time, on the other hand after treatment fluid is mixed with Nutrition Soil,
(1) calcium carbonate is acidified by the dilute sulfuric acid of mass fraction 10% in step (1), the calcium carbonate after acidification connects
Nutrition Soil after contacting soil can be passivated metallic element extra in treatment fluid, such as the elements such as manganese, reduce Manganese In Soils
Activity, prevent from influencing the growth and development of oil tea seedling in soil there are the constituent contents such as manganese are excessively high, improve tea-oil tree yield；Step
(2) rape cake carried out in decomposed, on the one hand can preferably acts on oil tea seedling, amount of heat is generated in digest process can be with
The contained harmful miscellaneous bacteria of cleaning kills worm's ovum, and its beneficial bacterium rich content, and a large amount of beneficial bacteriums enter in soil after application,
Dominant microflora is formed, the growth of disinfect pathogen in soil is inhibited, and chesson can also be played, promotes the work of soil fertility
With another aspect can also prevent the oxygen of not decomposed rape cake and soil contact post consumption soil, lead to oil tea seedling root system
It is unhealthy or even dead；During solving existing Growth of Camellia oleifera, apply the metals such as manganese present in fertilizer and soil member
Cellulose content is excessively high, influences the growth and development of oil tea seedling, and not decomposed rape cake contacted when in use with soil after can disappear
Consume the oxygen of soil, the technical problem for causing oil tea seedling root system unhealthy or even dead.
(2) present invention has also prepared a kind of organic fertilizer in cultivating process, and the organic fertilizer is by biological bacteria, charcoal
It is made with raw materials such as aminoacids solutions, the volume of charcoal micropore and mesoporous is larger, the first step stronger to the adsorptivity of metal ion
In mixed with 5% aminoacids solution, can introduce functional groups, the functional group such as amino on its surface have stronger with metal ion
Binding ability, and then the ability for removing metal ion is further enhanced, furthermore the charcoal can be as made of raw material
After fertilizer acts on soil, the soil weight can reduce, and enhance the wetability of soil, be conducive to the sticking of moisture content, supply
The water demand of oil tea seedling, and the big volume of charcoal micropore and mesoporous to increase the active porosity of runoff, improves soil
The saturated hydraulic conductivity of earth, can effectively reduce the generation of earth's surface runoff and the soil erosion, and charcoal plays the decomposition of ammonium sulfate
Facilitation enables fertilizer to play effect faster, improves oil tea tea yield；It solves current oil tea production also to compare
Fall behind, overall state is in that area is big, and low output is of poor benefits, the situation developed slowly；Tea oil tree during the growth process, applies fertilizer
The effect of Shi Xianyou fertilizer slowly, so that the growth of oil tea seedling is slowly, can not significantly improve tea yield, and be unable to supply oil tea seedling
Water demand, promote oil tea seedling growth the technical issues of.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, includes the following steps:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.2cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.0cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.0cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.3cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 5cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It being planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy,
Occur droplet on film, reach saturation state, after grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 25 degree, 20
It is advisable for 30 degree to 45 ceiling case temperature；
Step S4, grafting grows into 3cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Nutrition Soil is made by the following method:
(1) calcium carbonate is added in the blender that revolving speed is 45r/min, stirs 10min, 10% dilute sulfuric acid is added, continued
15min is stirred, the calcium carbonate after acidification is made；
(2) rape cake is tiled on a plastic film with burning soil and be uniformly mixed, covers layer of plastic film again later, two
Rape cake and baked wheaten cake soil after will be decomposed after it be collected；
(3) calcium carbonate after acidification is roasted, control calcining time is 1-3 hours, maturing temperature 250-350
DEG C, calcium carbonate, expanded vermiculite, plant fiber and the expanded perlite after roasting are mixed, smashing and grinding sieves with 100 mesh sieve, and is added
Collect it is decomposed after rape cake and burn the obtained Nutrition Soil of soil.
Organic fertilizer is made by the following method:
The first step grinds charcoal, calcium phosphate, crosses 50 meshes, is added in deionized water and is uniformly mixed, it is dilute to be added 10%
Salt acid for adjusting pH filters after magnetic agitation 3h until pH is 5.6, is washed with deionized three times, is transferred in 85 DEG C of drying boxes
Dry 45min, is added 5% aminoacids solution, stirs evenly, and mixture is made；
Biological bacteria, ammonium sulfate and microelement are uniformly mixed by second step, and 10% dilute hydrochloric acid is added and adjusts pH, until pH
It is 3.6, is added in glycerine, magnetic agitation 30min, mixture is added, is transferred in 90 DEG C of vacuum ovens dry 5h, control
Vacuum degree is -0.10MPa, is crushed later, is granulated, drying, and the organic fertilizer that partial size is 3-5mm is made.
Microelement is that ferrous sulfate and potassium nitrate are mixed according to 1: 3 weight ratio.
Biological bacteria is that black-koji mould and rhizobium mix according to 1: 2 weight ratio.
Treatment fluid is made by the following method:
(1) trideceth, tea polyphenols, povidone iodine, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate are added in deionized water, 40 DEG C of water
Bath heating 15min, is made basic agent；
(2) gibberellin and dimethyl silicone polymer are added into basic agent, is warming up to 50 DEG C, bacillus, control is added
Bacillus bacterium number processed is 2.8 × 1010A viable count/100g, the weight ratio for controlling basic agent and bacillus is 80: 0.3,
High concentration treatment fluid is made；
(3) high concentration treatment fluid and water are mixed according to 1: 200 ratio, treatment fluid is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, includes the following steps:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.25cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.1cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.2cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.4cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 5cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It being planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy,
Occur droplet on film, reach saturation state, after grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 26 degree, 20
It is advisable for 35 degree to 45 ceiling case temperature；
Step S4, grafting grows into 4cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Embodiment 3
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, includes the following steps:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.30cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.0cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.4cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.4cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 6cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It is planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy, droplet occurs on film, reaches
To saturation state, after grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 27 degree, temperature in 20 days to 45 ceiling covers
38 degree of degree is advisable；
Step S4, grafting grows into 5cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Embodiment 4
A kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, includes the following steps:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.32cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.2cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.5cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.5cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 6cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It being planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy,
Occur droplet on film, reach saturation state, after grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 28 degree, 20
It is advisable for 40 degree to 45 ceiling case temperature；
Step S4, grafting grows into 5cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example replaces organic fertilizer compared with Example 1, with common fertilizer, and preparation method is as follows:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.2cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.0cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.0cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.3cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 5cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It being planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy,
Occur droplet on film, reach saturation state, after grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 25 degree, 20
It is advisable for 30 degree to 45 ceiling case temperature；
Step S4, grafting grows into 3cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example compared with Example 1, does not spread lower Nutrition Soil, and preparation method is as follows:
Step S1, it chooses Seed of Camellia oleifera and is used as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun up to water content is in 15%-20%,
1.7 meters of width of the vernalization sand bed of laying bricks is placed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then by the kind after being exposed to the sun
Son is uniformly sprinkling upon on river sand, is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured again with treatment fluid
It fills, then spreads lower 4-5cm river sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid, spread lower 5cm wet sand later, pour 3 with treatment fluid
It, cultivates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.2cm are selected, axillary bud is full, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, in axillary bud two sides
It is cut at the 0.5cm of lower part, is whittled into 2 inclined-planes (wedgewise), the long 1.0cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top,
The scion of 1 bud, 1 leaf is made；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.0cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.3cm from top to bottom, embryo
Root retains 5cm long, cuts off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains grafting,
It being planted in film canopy cover 45 days, relative humidity is maintained at 85% or more in canopy, and there is droplet on film, reaches saturation state,
After grafting in 20 days, temperature of shed control at 30 degree hereinafter, be advisable with 25 degree, 20 days to 45 ceiling case temperature 30 degree be advisable；
Step S4, grafting grows into 3cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is existing oil tea implantation methods.
The fresh pod yield of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 are detected, as a result as shown in the table；
It can be seen that the per mu yield of embodiment 1-4 is 55-58kg from upper table 1, the per mu yield of comparative example 1-3 is 40-
48kg；So the big volume of charcoal micropore and mesoporous to increase the active porosity of runoff in organic fertilizer of the invention,
The saturated hydraulic conductivity for improving soil, can effectively reduce the generation of earth's surface runoff and the soil erosion, charcoal divides ammonium sulfate
Solution plays facilitation, and fertilizer is enabled to play effect faster, improves oil tea tea yield.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
Particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one implementation of the invention
In example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples to close
Suitable mode combines.
Above content is only citing made for the present invention and explanation, affiliated those skilled in the art are to being retouched
The specific embodiment stated does various modifications or additions or is substituted in a similar manner, and without departing from invention or surpasses
More range defined in the claims, is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved, which comprises the steps of:
Step S1, Seed of Camellia oleifera is chosen as stock kind, Seed of Camellia oleifera is exposed to the sun until water content is placed in 15%-20%
It lays bricks 1.7 meters of width of vernalization sand bed, damp sand is layered and is stacked, bottom stacks 12cm river sand, then that the seed after being exposed to the sun is equal
It is even to be sprinkling upon on river sand, it is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 4-5cm wet sand, uniformly sow seeds and poured with treatment fluid again, then
Lower 4-5cm river sand is spread, uniformly sows seeds and is poured with treatment fluid, spreads lower 5cm wet sand later, is poured 3 days with treatment fluid, training
It educates, as anvil seedling；
Step S2, robust growth, branch diameter 0.2-0.32cm, the tea oil tree of no disease and pests harm, the lower part 0.5cm in axillary bud two sides are selected
Place is cut, and is whittled into 2 inclined-planes, the long 1.0-1.2cm of bevel, then cut off at the branch stem 0.2cm of bud point top, connecing for 1 bud, 1 leaf is made
Fringe；
Step S3, plumular axis is cut off at anvil young plant Ye Shangfang 2.0-2.5cm, along plumular axis central axes longitudinal sectional 1.3- from top to bottom
1.5cm, radicle retain 5-6cm long, cut off extra radicle, and anvil seedling notch is inserted into scion, so that scion is combined closely with anvil seedling, obtains
It to grafting, is planted in film canopy cover 45 days, spreads lower Nutrition Soil after being poured 3 days with treatment fluid；
Step S4, grafting grows into 3-5cm, applies organic fertilizer, carries out transplanting dilute cultivation, nurturing staff after cultivating 2 years.
2. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step S1
Middle stock kind carries out layering disinfection treatment, and a disinfection in month is primary.
3. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S4
Control grafting seeding row spacing is 10 × 12cm when transplanting dilute cultivation.
4. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S3
Nutrition Soil is made of following raw material: 20-25 parts of expanded vermiculites, 10-18 parts of calcium carbonate, 35-50 parts of baked wheaten cake soil, and 3-5 parts
Plant fiber, 1-5 parts of expanded perlites, 5-10 parts of rape cakes.
5. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nutrition
Soil is made by the following method:
(1) calcium carbonate is added in the blender that revolving speed is 45r/min, stirs 10min, 10% dilute sulfuric acid is added, continues to stir
15min, the calcium carbonate after acidification is made；
(2) rape cake is uniformly mixed tiling on a plastic film with soil is burnt, covers layer of plastic film again later, two days later
Rape cake and baked wheaten cake soil after will be decomposed be collected；
(3) calcium carbonate after acidification is roasted, control calcining time is 1-3 hours, and maturing temperature is 250-350 DEG C, will
Calcium carbonate, expanded vermiculite, plant fiber and expanded perlite mixing, smashing and grinding after roasting sieve with 100 mesh sieve, and are added and collect
Rape cake and the obtained Nutrition Soil of baked wheaten cake soil after decomposed.
6. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S4
Organic fertilizer is made of following raw material: 10%-18% biological bacteria, 3%-10% charcoal, 5% ammonia of 12%-18%
Base acid solution, 3%-5% ammonium sulfate, 1%-2% calcium phosphate, 3%-8% microelement, surplus are glycerine.
7. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 6, which is characterized in that organic fertilizer
It is made by the following method:
The first step grinds charcoal, calcium phosphate, crosses 50 meshes, is added in deionized water and is uniformly mixed, 10% dilute hydrochloric acid is added
PH is adjusted, until pH is 5.6, filters, is washed with deionized three times after magnetic agitation 3h, is transferred in 85 DEG C of drying boxes dry
45min is added 5% aminoacids solution, stirs evenly, and mixture is made；
Biological bacteria, ammonium sulfate and microelement are uniformly mixed by second step, and 10% dilute hydrochloric acid is added and adjusts pH, until pH is
3.6, it is added in glycerine, magnetic agitation 30min, mixture is added, be transferred in 90 DEG C of vacuum ovens dry 5h, control is true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is -0.10MPa, is crushed later, is granulated, drying, and the organic fertilizer that partial size is 3-5mm is made.
8. a kind of tea tree planting method that tea yield can be improved according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing
Liquid is made of following raw material: 10-30 parts of tea polyphenols, 4-10 parts of dimethyl silicone polymers, 4-12 parts of trideceths,
20-30 parts of gibberellin, 0.5-1.5 parts of povidone iodine, 0.8-1.2 parts of manganese sulfates, 0.5-2.0 parts of magnesium sulfate, 55-70 parts of deionizations
Water；
The treatment fluid is made by the following method:
(1) trideceth, tea polyphenols, povidone iodine, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate are added in deionized water, 40 DEG C of water-baths add
Basic agent is made in hot 15min；
(2) gibberellin and dimethyl silicone polymer are added into basic agent, is warming up to 50 DEG C, bacillus is added, controls bud
Spore bacillus bacterium number is 2.8 × 1010A viable count/100g, the weight ratio for controlling basic agent and bacillus is 80: 0.3, is made
High concentration treatment fluid；
(3) high concentration treatment fluid and water are mixed according to 1: 200 ratio, treatment fluid is made.
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