CN110447831A - 一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 - Google Patents
一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110447831A CN110447831A CN201910851907.1A CN201910851907A CN110447831A CN 110447831 A CN110447831 A CN 110447831A CN 201910851907 A CN201910851907 A CN 201910851907A CN 110447831 A CN110447831 A CN 110447831A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bean dregs
- quality
- bean
- dregs
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019990 fruit wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000901050 Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001608472 Bifidobacterium longum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000199866 Lactobacillus casei Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013958 Lactobacillus casei Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940009289 bifidobacterium lactis Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940009291 bifidobacterium longum Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940017800 lactobacillus casei Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000186226 Corynebacterium glutamicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004130 lipolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007065 protein hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 roma Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013322 soy milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3571—Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/05—Mashed or comminuted pulses or legumes; Products made therefrom
- A23L11/07—Soya beans, e.g. oil-extracted soya bean flakes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/30—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances
- A23L11/37—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances using microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/065—Microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/125—Casei
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
- A23V2400/531—Lactis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
- A23V2400/533—Longum
Abstract
一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,属于食品加工技术领域。其通过豆渣灭菌、混合益生菌接种、第一阶段发酵、混合酵母接种、第二阶段发酵制得发酵豆渣。采用本发明复合菌固态发酵方法,不仅能够防止豆渣酸败变质,使发酵豆渣的游离氨基酸总量相对于新鲜豆渣增大约三倍,总酚含量增大约1‑2倍,还增大豆渣中酯、酸、醇的含量降低豆渣中的醛类含量,改善豆渣风味,降低豆渣的苦味和涩味,同时对豆渣色泽影响较小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,具体涉及一种食用发酵豆渣的制备方法,属于食品加工技术领域。
背景技术
豆渣是生产豆奶或豆腐时所产生的副产品。近年来随着豆制品消费量的日益增加豆渣的产量也越来越大。豆渣具有丰富的营养物质,其不仅含有丰富的蛋白质、糖类、脂肪、粗纤维、黄酮类等,还含有钙、镁、钾等矿物质。豆渣中富含膳食纤维使其具有防治便秘、减肥等功效,豆渣在抗氧化性和降低胆固醇预防高血脂等方面也有重要作用。但由于其口感较差、具有不良豆腥味所以很难作为食物被人们所接受。
适量摄入益生菌具有降低血清胆固醇、帮助吸收营养成分、增强人体免疫力等功效。通过酵母发酵能使豆渣中的醛类物质转化为醇、酯或酸。富含蛋白质的谷物培养物可以作为益生菌、酵母等微生物生长繁殖的良好底物。酵母菌和益生菌联合使用不仅能改善富含蛋白质的谷物培养物的营养功效还能增强益生菌的生存力。真菌发酵过程中产生的酶能够使豆渣中的膳食纤维分解产生可用于发酵的糖以用于酵母的生长繁殖。
陈伟宁等(2018)研究了益生菌发酵豆渣对豆渣成分和抗氧化性的影响。结果发现益生菌生物发酵可以改善豆渣的营养成分,增加豆渣的抗氧化性。本发明使用混合益生菌结合酵母两阶段发酵不仅能改善豆渣的营养成分,增大豆渣的抗氧化性还能改善豆渣的风味和口感。
刘少泉等(2016)研究了酵母发酵对豆渣的影响。结果发现酵母对豆渣进行固态发酵能增大豆渣的抗氧化性、蛋白质水解和脂肪分解能力。与其相比,本发明采用混合益生菌和酵母对豆渣两阶段发酵不仅涉及了营养品质的变化还涉及了对其风味的改善。
在豆渣发酵专利方面,已有一些公开的报道。
饶胜其等公开了豆渣发酵粉的制备方法(申请号201711403467.0),其使用霉菌发酵豆渣制得酶豆渣,取发酵后生产的液体经干燥、粉碎、过筛制得豆渣发酵粉。该发明能增大豆渣可溶性膳食纤维含量,增加蛋白质的分解。与其相比,本发明操作简单,不仅能增大其可溶性膳食纤维和氨基酸含量还能改善豆渣口感和风味增大其抗氧化等功能性营养成分。
余桂群公开了一种豆腐渣发酵方法(申请号201811457710.1),豆渣煮沸后与麦麸、马铃薯淀粉和碳酸氢钠组合,用益生菌发酵剂对其发酵,发酵所得发酵豆腐渣营养丰富,可使牲畜快速增重。与其相比,本发明发酵所得发酵豆渣不仅营养丰富具有良好风味还能经过后期干燥制粉用于食品的添加。
蒋立文等公开了一种豆渣的发酵工艺(申请号200910043847.7),豆渣经蒸煮后向其中加入混合曲种进行初次发酵,再加入适量的盐水进行二次发酵。这一发明不仅使豆渣的营养成分流失少还使豆渣中可溶性膳食纤维含量增加。与本发明相比,该发明并未涉及到对豆渣风味的改善。
钱利纯等公开了一种利用谷氨酸棒杆菌、米曲霉和植物乳杆菌等3种菌固态发酵豆渣制备微生物培养物的方法(申请号201810919549.9)。该发明方法生产的豆渣固态发酵微生物培养物有效的降低了豆渣不溶性膳食纤维含量,提高了蛋白质含量,但该发明未涉及到对其风味的改善方面,所得发酵产物仅适于饲料工业生产。与其相比,本发明不仅提高了豆渣的营养价值,在风味和口感方面也有很大改善,其可用于饲料、食品等各方面。
吴志锋公开了一种发酵豆渣的制作方法(申请号201510663624.6),该发明解决了豆渣口感差、不易成型的缺点,但与本发明相比,该发明未涉及到豆渣营养方面。
赵孝辉发明了一种微生物发酵的豆渣饲料(申请号201210290529.2),该发明改善了饲料的适口性,增加了饲料酶成分,但与本发明相比,发酵对豆渣风味的改善尚未涉及,且其仅用于饲料应用范围较窄。
王跃进等公开了一种霉豆渣的制备方法及霉豆渣(申请号201810129463.6),该发明制备的霉豆渣可以避免豆渣被其它微生物污染、缩短发酵时间同时提高豆渣的营养价值。然而,该发明未涉及风味方面,而本发明在豆渣营养和风味方面都有很大改善适用于后续豆渣在各方面的应用。
滕飞等公开了一种豆渣酱油的新型制备方法(申请号201810809639.2),该发明以豆渣为主要原料配以麦麸、花生、玉米等接种米曲霉起子培养物进行制曲发酵制得酱油原液。该发明能够明显提高游离氨基酸的释放,但对豆渣其它营养方面并没有涉及,发酵产物的风味也没有说明。
罗国升等公开了用于固态发酵的酵母菌种组合物及其固态发酵方法、所得酵母培养物(申请号201810798397.1),用于固态发酵的酵母菌种组合物由酿酒酵母菌、面包酵母菌、产朊假丝酵母菌和生香酵母菌组成。该发明以麸皮、豆渣、稻壳粉等为原料采用四种酵母协同发酵能增加所得产物中酵母菌的活菌数从而使酵母充分利用发酵原料。与该发明相比,本发明采用多种益生菌与酵母协同作用,不仅能充分利用发酵原料还能增大其抗氧化等功效,而且对底物风味和口感方面都有很大改善,本发明操作更加简单,可直接以新鲜豆渣为发酵底物。
发明内容
本发明目的旨在,提供一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,防止豆渣酸败变质并改善豆渣风味、增大其营养价值。该方法通过混合益生菌与混合酵母两阶段固态发酵方式,从而防止豆渣酸败变质,增加豆渣蛋白质和粗纤维的分解,增强豆渣的抗氧化能力同时改善豆渣的风味和口感。
本发明的技术方案,一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,步骤如下:
(1)豆渣灭菌:将豆渣装入发酵容器中,121℃高温灭菌15min;
(2)混合益生菌接种:以豆渣质量计,在无菌条件下,取0.1%-0.3%的混合益生菌粉,采用质量为10%-20%、温度为28-33℃的水溶解,得到益生菌溶液;将益生菌溶液加入步骤(1)冷却所得的灭菌豆渣中,用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀并密封;
(3)第一阶段发酵:将步骤(2)中接种了益生菌的豆渣放入27-30℃条件下培养1d;
(4)混合酵母接种:以豆渣质量计,在无菌条件下,分别取质量占比0.3%的果酒酵母粉和质量占比0.3%的生香酵母粉,用质量占比10%-20%、温度为30-35℃的水活化酵母20-30min;将活化的酵母溶液加入步骤(3)所得发酵物中,并用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀;
(5)第二阶段发酵:将步骤(4)接种了混合酵母的豆渣放在36-38℃条件下培养两天即得发酵豆渣。
步骤(1)中豆渣是豆浆或豆腐加工的副产物,水分含量为65%-85%。
步骤(2)所述混合益生菌包括植物乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌;混合益生菌粉菌种活力为1010 CFU/g。
步骤(4)中的果酒酵母粉菌种活力为1010 CFU/g,生香酵母粉菌种活力为108 CFU/g。
本发明的有益效果:采用本发明复合菌固态发酵方法,不仅能够防止豆渣酸败变质,使发酵豆渣的游离氨基酸总量相对于新鲜豆渣增大约三倍,总酚含量增大约1-2倍,还增大豆渣中酯、酸、醇的含量降低豆渣中的醛类含量,改善豆渣风味,降低豆渣的苦味和涩味,同时对豆渣色泽影响较小。
附图说明
图1是新鲜豆渣发酵前后口味分析。
图2是新鲜豆渣发酵前后风味成分的变化。
图3是冷冻豆渣发酵前后口味的变化。
图4是冷冻豆渣发酵前后风味成分的变化。
具体实施方式
以下实施例中混合益生菌为购自昆山佰生优生物科技有限公司的益生菌果蔬酵素发酵菌。
实施例1
以新鲜豆渣为原料的豆渣品质改善的高效发酵方法:
将新鲜豆渣装入发酵容器中,121℃高温灭菌15min。在无菌条件下,取新鲜豆渣质量0.1%的混合益生菌粉,用豆渣质量20%水温为28-33℃的温水溶解,将益生菌溶液加入冷却的灭菌豆渣中用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀并密封放入28℃环境下培养一天。分别取新鲜豆渣质量0.3%的果酒酵母粉和0.3%的生香酵母粉,用豆渣质量20%水温为30-35℃的温水活化酵母20-30 min;将活化的酵母溶液加入益生菌发酵一天的豆渣中并用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀放在37℃条件下无氧发酵2天即得发酵豆渣。
所得发酵豆渣的粗纤维含量从新鲜豆渣21.54 g/100 g降到11.95 g/100 g。色差ΔE变化为9.71。可溶性膳食纤维含量从4.61g/100 g干基增加到12.47 g/100g干基。还原力是新鲜豆渣的2倍。总酚含量相对于新鲜豆渣从51.5mg没食子酸/100 g干基提高到154.4mg没食子酸/100g干基。游离氨基酸含量提高了约4倍。豆渣经发酵后涩味和苦味都有所下降,发酵前后豆渣的口味分析如图1所示。发酵后豆渣的风味有明显改善,豆渣发酵前后风味成分的变化如图2所示。
实施例2
以冷冻豆渣为原料的豆渣品质改善的高效发酵方法:
将冷冻豆渣用微波炉解冻后装入发酵容器中,121℃灭菌15min。称取豆渣质量比为0.1%的混合益生菌粉,用豆渣质量比20%水温为28-33℃的温水溶解,将益生菌溶液加入冷却的灭菌豆渣中用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀并放入28℃环境下培养一天。分别取新鲜豆渣质量0.3%的果酒酵母粉和0.3%的生香酵母粉,用豆渣质量20%水温为30-35℃的温水活化酵母20-30 min;将活化的酵母溶液加入益生菌发酵一天的豆渣中并用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀放在37℃条件下无氧发酵2天即得发酵豆渣。
所得发酵豆渣的可溶性膳食纤维含量从4.61 g/100 g干基增加到12.81 g/100 g干基;色差ΔE变化为10.57;总酚含量相对于冷冻豆渣从51.5mg没食子酸/100g干基提高到140.6mg没食子酸/100g干基;还原力是冷冻豆渣的2.4倍;游离氨基酸含量提高了约5倍。发酵后豆渣口味变化如图3所示。发酵后豆渣风味成分变化如图4所示。
Claims (4)
1.一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,其特征是步骤如下:
(1)豆渣灭菌:将豆渣装入发酵容器中,121℃高温灭菌15min;
(2)混合益生菌接种:以豆渣质量计,在无菌条件下,取0.1%-0.3%的混合益生菌粉,采用质量为10%-20%、温度为28-33℃的水溶解,得到益生菌溶液;将益生菌溶液加入步骤(1)冷却所得的灭菌豆渣中,用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀并密封;
(3)第一阶段发酵:将步骤(2)中接种了益生菌的豆渣放入27-30℃条件下培养1d;
(4)混合酵母接种:以豆渣质量计,在无菌条件下,分别取质量占比0.3%的果酒酵母粉和质量占比0.3%的生香酵母粉,用质量占比10%-20%、温度为30-35℃的水活化酵母20-30min;将活化的酵母溶液加入步骤(3)所得发酵物中,并用灭菌金属勺搅拌均匀;
(5)第二阶段发酵:将步骤(4)接种了混合酵母的豆渣放在36-38℃条件下培养两天即得发酵豆渣。
2.根据权利要求1所述通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,其特征是:步骤(1)中豆渣是豆浆或豆腐加工的副产物,水分含量为65%-85%。
3.根据权利要求1所述通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,其特征是:步骤(2)所述混合益生菌包括植物乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌;混合益生菌粉菌种活力为1010 CFU/g。
4.根据权利要求1所述通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法,其特征是:步骤(4)中的果酒酵母粉菌种活力为1010 CFU/g,生香酵母粉菌种活力为108 CFU/g。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910851907.1A CN110447831A (zh) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | 一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910851907.1A CN110447831A (zh) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | 一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110447831A true CN110447831A (zh) | 2019-11-15 |
Family
ID=68491353
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910851907.1A Pending CN110447831A (zh) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | 一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110447831A (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111280394A (zh) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 东北农业大学 | 一种豆渣豆酱的制备方法 |
CN111280395A (zh) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 东北农业大学 | 一种豆渣酵素的制备方法 |
CN114052187A (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | 豆渣发酵剂、豆渣的发酵方法及发酵豆制品 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003335695A (ja) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-25 | Nippon Bio Kk | 大豆発酵物よりなる免疫増強剤、抗腫瘍剤、加工食品および大豆発酵物の製造方法 |
CN1698465A (zh) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-11-23 | 中国农业大学 | 酶法膏状腐乳的制造方法 |
CN102318730A (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-18 | 安徽农业大学 | 二次生料发酵制备富含共轭亚油酸豆粕饲料的方法 |
CN104012755A (zh) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-03 | 江南大学 | 一种两步发酵高效生产发酵豆粕的方法 |
CN104905158A (zh) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 吉林农业大学 | 马克斯-克鲁维酵母发酵豆渣粉 |
CN105981924A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 北京晟亚育达生物科技有限公司 | 一种以豆渣为主要原料生产饲料添加剂的方法及其应用 |
CN106343161A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 惠州市瑰拉科技有限公司 | 豆粕发酵处理工艺 |
CN108056272A (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-05-22 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种新型发酵豆粕及其制备工艺与应用 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-10 CN CN201910851907.1A patent/CN110447831A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003335695A (ja) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-25 | Nippon Bio Kk | 大豆発酵物よりなる免疫増強剤、抗腫瘍剤、加工食品および大豆発酵物の製造方法 |
CN1698465A (zh) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-11-23 | 中国农业大学 | 酶法膏状腐乳的制造方法 |
CN102318730A (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-18 | 安徽农业大学 | 二次生料发酵制备富含共轭亚油酸豆粕饲料的方法 |
CN104012755A (zh) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-03 | 江南大学 | 一种两步发酵高效生产发酵豆粕的方法 |
CN105981924A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 北京晟亚育达生物科技有限公司 | 一种以豆渣为主要原料生产饲料添加剂的方法及其应用 |
CN104905158A (zh) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 吉林农业大学 | 马克斯-克鲁维酵母发酵豆渣粉 |
CN106343161A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 惠州市瑰拉科技有限公司 | 豆粕发酵处理工艺 |
CN108056272A (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-05-22 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种新型发酵豆粕及其制备工艺与应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
WENG CHAN VONG,等: "The effects of carbohydrase, probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei and yeast Lindnera saturnus on the composition of a novel okara (soybean residue) functional beverage", 《LWT - FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》 * |
杨文宇,等: "混合菌种两步发酵法对豆粕肽转化及品质的影响", 《食品研究与开发》 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111280394A (zh) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 东北农业大学 | 一种豆渣豆酱的制备方法 |
CN111280395A (zh) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 东北农业大学 | 一种豆渣酵素的制备方法 |
CN114052187A (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | 豆渣发酵剂、豆渣的发酵方法及发酵豆制品 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100463970C (zh) | 一种固态发酵生产富含益生菌多肽制品的方法 | |
CN1911118B (zh) | 一种开菲尔冻干菌粉及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN101240255A (zh) | 一种用于植物源蛋白的益生菌发酵剂的制备方法 | |
KR101386879B1 (ko) | 현미 및 모링가를 주재로 하여 복합유산균 발효에 의해 발효식품을 제조하는 방법 및 그 제조방법에 의해 제조된 복합유산균 발효식품 | |
CN110447831A (zh) | 一种通过高效发酵改善豆渣品质的方法 | |
CN102934735A (zh) | 适用于发酵饼粕类饲料原料的益生菌发酵剂及其制备方法 | |
CN106434264A (zh) | 一种利用混合菌剂强化传统食醋固态发酵的方法及其应用 | |
CN103005392B (zh) | 一种蚕豆青稞酱及其制作方法 | |
Mengesha et al. | A review on factors influencing the fermentation process of Teff (Eragrostis teff) and other cereal-based Ethiopian injera | |
CN105532895A (zh) | 发酵蚕豆乳、风味发酵蚕豆乳、发酵型蚕豆酸乳饮料及其制备方法 | |
CN105876082A (zh) | 一种肽蛋白饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN105942299A (zh) | 一种利用混菌发酵制备功能性大黄鱼鱼糜制品的方法 | |
CN112841537A (zh) | 一种康普茶发酵豆奶及其制备方法 | |
CN106417900A (zh) | 一种饲料用豆粕的加工方法及应用 | |
CN103548965B (zh) | 一种基于复合菌发酵生产低热量豆渣纤维饼干的方法 | |
CN105876673A (zh) | 一种利用混菌发酵制备功能性小黄鱼鱼糜制品的方法 | |
CN101803766B (zh) | 一种发酵生产风味板栗仁的方法 | |
CN105192551A (zh) | 一种米发糕及其制备方法 | |
CN107853452A (zh) | 一种微生物饲料添加剂的生产方法 | |
CN102899275A (zh) | 一种制作馒头用直投式发酵剂的制备方法 | |
CN110214929A (zh) | 一种铁皮石斛叶发酵调味酱及其制作方法 | |
CN105567533A (zh) | 一种益生菌抗氧化保健醋的生产方法 | |
JP2010098962A (ja) | オルニチンを含有する味噌の製造方法 | |
CN113662139A (zh) | 一种豆类复合发酵液及其制备方法 | |
CN115777921B (zh) | 一种复合菌种发酵的功能性果蔬浆及固体粉的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20191115 |