CN110387238A - A kind of acid soil improving agent and its methods for making and using same - Google Patents
A kind of acid soil improving agent and its methods for making and using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110387238A CN110387238A CN201910515845.7A CN201910515845A CN110387238A CN 110387238 A CN110387238 A CN 110387238A CN 201910515845 A CN201910515845 A CN 201910515845A CN 110387238 A CN110387238 A CN 110387238A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acid soil improving agent and its methods for making and using sames, the main component content of the acidity modifying agent is as follows, remember by mass percentage, potassium chloride 4-8%, hydrated lime in powder 8-20%, light magnesium oxide powder 6-14%, zeolite powder 12-17%, humic acid 32-60%, charcoal 2-3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 0.5-1%, volcanic ash 3-5%；The modifying agent is prepared by the method for extrusion granulation, can be used for soil improvement, application method include applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, meanwhile, applied as base manure or top dressing.Advantage is: soil pH value can be improved in alkalinity rich in nutriments such as potassium, calcium, magnesium in acid soil improving agent after application, effectively supplement Soil Mineral Nutrition, increases soil fertility, improves crop yield, improves soil environment and improves the quality of crop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field more particularly to a kind of acid soil improving agents and its methods for making and using same.
Background technique
Due to the climatic characteristic of high temperature and rainy and the excess of chemical fertilizer and uneven application etc., with resulting in tropical, subtropical zone
Area's soil generally has " sour (acidification) ", " malicious (chemical element accumulation) ", " thin (nutrient dificiency or imbalance etc.) ", " plate (soil
Physical property is poor) ", the degenerations feature such as " leaching (nutrient loss) ".The degeneration of tropical and subtropical region soil causes area's economy to make
Pest and disease damage is more in the plantation such as object, crops, yield is lower, inferior quality.Therefore, the sustainable development of this area's agricultural is necessary
Carry out improvement and the enhancing hot-zone crops anti-adversity ability of acidified soil.The Breeding objectives of acid soil are to promote soil pH, change
Kind soil texture promotes the slow fertilizer-preserving ability of fertilizer provision from soil to enhance and nutrient supply in soil is promoted to keep equilibrium state, improvement micro-
Biotope Landscape.The promotion of especially soil pH can significantly affect the improvement of nutrient supply situation and soil texture in soil, therefore,
It is the primary goal in the torrid zone, subtropical soil improvement.
Liming is method more common in acid soil improvement at present, but its permanent application can not only cause soil plate
Knot, soil be acidified again and soil in the elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium imbalance.In addition, can also be made as by agricultural wastes straw
It is manured into soil after charcoal and promotes soil pH." a kind of efficient acid soil is organic to be changed the patent of application number 200910036222.8
Good dose " pulse family class crop material is made as charcoal after improve acid soil.This kind of method can promote soil pH, promote soil
Nutrient content and improvement soil texture, but it is difficult to adjust nutrient balance in soil.Meanwhile the application of charcoal may also lead to work
The object underproduction.In addition, also acid soil can be improved by trade waste.For example, the patent " one of application number 201510321764.5
After waste calcium mud, the magnesium mud generated in the preparation of kind acid soil improving agent and method of administration " using chemical fertilizer industry is separately dried
It is granulated after mixing with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and forms acid soil improving agent.Soil is improved using trade waste
Soil pH can only be promoted for the moment, improves the fertility of soil, but cannot improve the fertilizer conservation of soil, water conservation, ventilating performance.Meanwhile it can
Heavy metal in soil content can be caused to be promoted, cause the secondary pollution of environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of acid soil improving agent and its methods for making and using sames, to solve existing
Foregoing problems present in technology.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of acid soil improving agent, main component content is as follows, remembers by mass percentage, potassium chloride 4-8%, white lime
Powder 8-20%, light magnesium oxide powder 6-14%, zeolite powder 12-17%, humic acid 32-60%, charcoal 2-3%, ion exchange
Resin 2%, rare earth 0.5-1%, volcanic ash 3-5%.
Preferably, the charcoal is after agricultural wastes are sufficiently dried or dried, bulk to be pressed into, in retort
500 DEG C of pyrolysis 4h, crushing sieve with 100 mesh sieve to form charcoal under the conditions of anaerobic environment；The agricultural wastes include the torrid zone, sub- heat
At least one of the regional coconut husk of band, bagasse, manioc waste, banana stem, lichee wood, longan wood, rubber wood timber.
Preferably, the charcoal includes I type charcoal and II type charcoal；The wherein agricultural in the I type charcoal
Waste is at least one of banana stem and rubber-woodflour, in the I type charcoal proton and capacity >=140cmol/kg,
It is ashed alkali content >=240cmol/kg；Agricultural wastes in the II type charcoal are coconut husk, bagasse, manioc waste, banana stem
Stalk, lichee are wooden, longan is wooden, at least three kinds in rubber wood timber, grey with capacity >=17cmol/kg in the II type charcoal proton
Choline content >=15cmol/kg.
Preferably, the acid soil improving agent includes three types, respectively I type acid soil improving agent, II type acid
Property soil conditioner and type III acid soil improving agent；The mass percent of the I type acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride
8%, hydrated lime in powder 20%, light magnesium oxide powder 14%, zeolite powder 17%, humic acid 32%, I type charcoal 3%, ion are handed over
Change resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 3%；Wherein, the ion exchange resin is strong-base anion-exchange resin, described
Humic acid is peat source humic acid, and the rare earth is lanthana；The mass percent of the II type acid soil improving agent is
Potassium chloride 6%, hydrated lime in powder 15%, light magnesium oxide powder 11%, zeolite powder 15%, humic acid 44%, II charcoal 3%, from
Sub-exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 3%, wherein the ion exchange resin includes strong-base anion-exchange resin
1% and storng-acid cation exchange resin 1%, the humic acid include peat source humic acid 30%, the weathered coal source
Humic acid 7% and lignite source humic acid 7%, the rare earth include lanthana 0.5% and nitric acid rare earth 0.5%；The type III
The mass percent of acid soil improving agent be potassium chloride 4%, hydrated lime in powder 8%, light magnesium oxide powder 6%, zeolite powder 12%,
Humic acid 60%, II type charcoal 2%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 5%, wherein the ion exchange
Resin includes strong-base anion-exchange resin 1% and storng-acid cation exchange resin 1%, and the humic acid includes peat
Source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 15% and lignite source humic acid 15%, the rare earth include lanthana 0.5%
With nitric acid rare earth 0.5%.
Preferably, the potassium chloride is agriculture grade, potassium oxide content >=60%, 50 mesh of granularity；The hydrated lime in powder is
Agriculture grade, calcium oxide content >=85%, pH >=12,200 mesh of granularity；The light magnesium oxide powder is feed grade, magnesia
Content >=92%, pH >=9.0,200 mesh of granularity；The zeolite powder is agriculture grade, zeolite content >=50%, pH >=9.5, granularity
200 mesh；Peat source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=55%, total humic acid >=40%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=5；It is brown
Coal source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid >=30%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.8；Weathered coal comes
Source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid >=30%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.6.
Preferably, the ion exchange resin is macroporous type D201 strong-base anion-exchange resin, D202 strong basicity yin
One or both of ion exchange resin and 001x7 polystyrene storng-acid cation exchange resin；Wherein, D201 strong basicity
Quality full exchange capacity >=3.8mmol/g, the volume full exchange capacity >=1.2mmol/ml, wet true density of anion exchange resin
1.06-1.10g/ml, wet apparent density 0.65-0.75g/ml, water content 50-60%, factory pattern are CL-；D202 strong basicity yin
Maximum regeneration capacity >=3.6mmol/g of ion exchange resin, strong type group capacity >=3.4mmol/g, volume-exchange capacity >=
0.95mmol/g, wet true density 1.06-1.12g/ml；The water content 45- of 001x7 polystyrene storng-acid cation exchange resin
56%, quality full exchange capacity mmol/g (dry) >=4.43, wet true density 1.23-1.28g/ml.
Preferably, the rare earth is one or both of lanthana or nitric acid rare earth；The lanthana is white without fixed
Shape powder is slightly soluble in water, density 6.51g/cm3, the nitric acid rare earth effective ingredient are as follows: and RExOy>=38%, impurity content Pb<
0.002%, Cd < 0.0005%, As < 0.0003%, Hg < 0.00001%, Cl < 1%, water-insoluble < 0.5%, totalαradioactivity
Specific activity < 800Bq/kg.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of preparation method of acid soil improving agent, the preparation method is for making
Standby any of the above-described acid soil improving agent；It mainly includes the following steps that, weighs each component substance according to mass percent,
By each component material mixing it is uniform after, particle is made by extrusion granulation, i.e. the acid soil improving agent；Wherein,
Mixed equipment is blender, and the equipment of granulation is Doubleroller compaction granulator, and the grain diameter of preparation is 4-6mm.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of application method of acid soil improving agent, the application method is for answering
With any of the above-described acid soil improving agent；For the strongly acidic soil of pH < 4.5,1-3 application I type acid soil changes
One or both of II type and type III acid soil improving agent are applied after good dose, the 4th year；For the acid soil of pH4.5-5.5
Earth, 1-3 apply one or both of I type and II type acid soil improving agent, and type III acid soil is applied after the 4th year
Modifying agent；For the subacidity soil of pH5.5-6.5, type III acid soil improving agent is applied；The acid soil improving agent
It is applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, and can be used as base manure or top dressing application；The acid soil improving agent is as base manure or chases after
When fertile, each period amount of application is the half of the total dosage of modifying agent, and the total dosage of acid soil improving agent is 100-600kg/ mus,
The dosage applied as base manure or top dressing is 50-300kg/ mus.
Preferably, when being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, the depth of dressing furrow is 10-40cm, width 20cm, earthing soil layer
Depth is 5-10cm；When being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, to the apparent crop of tree crown, centered on crop trunk, dripped along trunk
Waterline digs dressing furrow, carries out ditch spread and earthing to the acid soil improving agent；To the unconspicuous crop of tree crown, then in crop row
Between ditching, ditch spread and earthing are carried out to the acid soil improving agent；Bare area is then spread fertilizer over the fields before turning in soil surface, is turned over immediately
It ploughs, ploughed depth 20cm.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of preparation method of acid soil improving agent, the preparation method is for making
Standby any of the above-described acid soil improving agent；It mainly includes the following steps that, weighs each component substance according to mass percent,
By each component material mixing it is uniform after, particle is made by extrusion granulation, i.e. the acid soil improving agent；Wherein,
Mixed equipment is blender, and the equipment of granulation is Doubleroller compaction granulator, and the grain diameter of preparation is 4-6mm.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of application method of acid soil improving agent, the application method is for answering
With any of the above-described acid soil improving agent；For the strongly acidic soil of pH < 4.5,1-3 application I type acid soil changes
One or both of II type and type III acid soil improving agent are applied after good dose, the 4th year；For the acid soil of pH4.5-5.5
Earth, 1-3 apply one or both of I type and II type acid soil improving agent, and type III acid soil is applied after the 4th year
Modifying agent；For the subacidity soil of pH5.5-6.5, type III acid soil improving agent is applied；The acid soil improving agent
It is applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, and can be used as base manure or top dressing application.
Preferably, when being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, the depth of dressing furrow is 10-40cm, width 20cm, earthing soil layer
Depth is 5-10cm；When being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, to the apparent crop of tree crown, centered on crop trunk, dripped along trunk
Waterline digs dressing furrow, carries out ditch spread and earthing to the acid soil improving agent；To the unconspicuous crop of tree crown, then in crop row
Between ditching, ditch spread and earthing are carried out to the acid soil improving agent；Bare area is then spread fertilizer over the fields before turning in soil surface, is turned over immediately
It ploughs, ploughed depth 20cm.
Preferably, when the acid soil improving agent is as base manure or top dressing, each period amount of application is the total dosage of modifying agent
Half, the total dosage of acid soil improving agent is 100-600kg/ mu, and the dosage applied as base manure or top dressing is 50-
300kg/ mus.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Acid soil improving agent disclosed by the invention can be improved after application rich in nutriments such as potassium, calcium, magnesium in alkalinity
Soil pH value, effectively supplement Soil Mineral Nutrition, increase soil fertility.Meanwhile charcoal, humic acid, the zeolite powder etc. of addition
It is surface porosity porous mass, soil moisture, nutrient can be kept and provide living environment for edaphon and improve soil
The multi-functionals such as structure.In addition, charcoal, humic acid surfaces be rich in a variety of functional groups, adsorbable heavy metal-polluted soil, thus, lead to
The enhancing for changing soil pH and heavy metal-polluted soil adsorption capacity is crossed, heavy metal-polluted soil is made to be converted into inactive state, reduces soil
The pollution of heavy metal.In addition, the anti-adversity ability of crop can be improved in humic acid and rare earth, it therefore, can by the application of this product
Improve soil quality, improve crop yield, improves crop quality.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is carried out below further
It is described in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, it is not used to limit this hair
It is bright.
Embodiment one
A kind of acid soil improving agent is present embodiments provided, main component content is as follows, remembers by mass percentage, chlorination
Potassium 4-8%, hydrated lime in powder 8-20%, light magnesium oxide powder 6-14%, zeolite powder 12-17%, humic acid 32-60%, charcoal
2-3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 0.5-1%, volcanic ash 3-5%.
In the present embodiment, the charcoal is after agricultural wastes are sufficiently dried or dried, to be pressed into bulk, carbonizing
500 DEG C of pyrolysis 4h, crushing sieve with 100 mesh sieve to form charcoal under the conditions of anaerobic environment in furnace；The agricultural wastes include the torrid zone,
At least one of subtropical zone coconut husk, bagasse, manioc waste, banana stem, lichee wood, longan wood, rubber wood timber.
In the present embodiment, the charcoal includes I type charcoal and II type charcoal；Wherein in the I type charcoal
Agricultural wastes are at least one of banana stem and rubber-woodflour, in the I type charcoal proton and capacity >=
140cmol/kg is ashed alkali content >=240cmol/kg；Agricultural wastes in the II type charcoal are coconut husk, bagasse, wood
Potato slag, banana stem, lichee wood, longan wood, at least three kinds in rubber wood timber, in the II type charcoal proton and capacity >=
17cmol/kg is ashed alkali content >=15cmol/kg.
In the present embodiment, the acid soil improving agent includes three types, respectively I type acid soil improving agent, II
Type acid soil improving agent and type III acid soil improving agent.Wherein the I type acid soil improving agent changes for strongly acidic soil
Good dose；The type III acid soil improving agent is subacidity soil conditioner.
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of the I type acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 8%, hydrated lime in powder
20%, light magnesium oxide powder 14%, zeolite powder 17%, humic acid 32%, I type charcoal 3% are ion exchange resin 2%, dilute
Native 1%, volcanic ash 3%；Wherein the ion exchange resin is strong-base anion-exchange resin, and the humic acid is peat
Source humic acid, the rare earth are lanthana.
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of the II type acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 6%, hydrated lime in powder
15%, light magnesium oxide powder 11%, zeolite powder 15%, humic acid 44%, II charcoal 3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth
1%, volcanic ash 3%, the ion exchange resin include strong-base anion-exchange resin 1% and strongly acidic cation exchange tree
Rouge 1%, the humic acid include peat source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 7% and lignite source humic
Acid 7%, the rare earth includes lanthana 0.5% and nitric acid rare earth 0.5%.
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of the type III acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 4%, hydrated lime in powder
8%, light magnesium oxide powder 6%, zeolite powder 12%, humic acid 60%, II type charcoal 2%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth
1%, volcanic ash 5%, the ion exchange resin include strong-base anion-exchange resin 1% and strongly acidic cation exchange tree
Rouge 1%, the humic acid include peat source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 15% and lignite source humic acid
15%, the rare earth includes lanthana 0.5% and nitric acid rare earth 0.5%.
In the present embodiment, the potassium chloride is agriculture grade, potassium oxide content >=60%, 50 mesh of granularity；The white lime
Powder is agriculture grade, calcium oxide content >=85%, pH >=12,200 mesh of granularity；The light magnesium oxide powder is feed grade, oxygen
Change content of magnesium >=92%, pH >=9.0,200 mesh of granularity；The zeolite powder is agriculture grade, zeolite content >=50%, pH >=9.5,
200 mesh of granularity；Peat source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=55%, total humic acid >=40%, fineness be 40-60 mesh, pH >=
5；Lignite source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid >=30%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.8；Weathering
Coal source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid >=30%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.6.
In the present embodiment, the ion exchange resin is macroporous type D201 strong-base anion-exchange resin, D202 highly basic
Property one or both of anion exchange resin and 001x7 polystyrene storng-acid cation exchange resin；Wherein, D201 is strong
It is quality full exchange capacity >=3.8mmol/g of alkalescence anion-exchange resin, volume full exchange capacity >=1.2mmol/ml, wet true
Density 1.06-1.10g/ml, wet apparent density 0.65-0.75g/ml, water content 50-60%, factory pattern are CL-；D202 highly basic
Property maximum regeneration capacity >=3.6mmol/g of anion exchange resin, strong type group capacity >=3.4mmol/g, volume-exchange hold
Amount >=0.95mmol/g, wet true density 1.06-1.12g/ml；001x7 polystyrene storng-acid cation exchange resin it is aqueous
Measure 45-56%, quality full exchange capacity mmol/g (dry) >=4.43, wet true density 1.23-1.28g/ml.
In the present embodiment, the rare earth is one or both of lanthana or nitric acid rare earth；The lanthana is white
Amorphous powder is slightly soluble in water, density 6.51g/cm3, the nitric acid rare earth effective ingredient are as follows: RExOy >=38%, impurity contain
Measure Pb < 0.002%, Cd < 0.0005%, As < 0.0003%, Hg < 0.00001%, Cl < 1%, water-insoluble < 0.5%, total α
Specific radioactivity < 800Bq/kg.
In the present embodiment, potassium chloride is the red granules shape chlorination for the original Russia that Sinofert Limited manages
Potassium, wherein potassium oxide content >=60%, moisture content≤1%；Magnesia powder is the production of Shijiazhuang Bai Yun Chemical Works, wherein aoxidizing
Content of magnesium >=93%；Zeolite powder is the production of Hebei province Lingshou County Chun Yan mineral products processing factory, and zeolite type is clinoptilolite, secondly
Silica content >=64%；Peat source humic acid is that Ning Fa Science and Technology Ltd. in Nanning produces, the content of organic matter >=55%,
Total humic acid >=40%, pH >=5, fineness 2-8mm, yellow.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of preparation method of acid soil improving agent, and the preparation method mainly includes following step
Suddenly, weigh each component substance according to mass percent, by each component material mixing it is uniform after, be made up of extrusion granulation
Grain, the i.e. acid soil improving agent；Wherein, mixed equipment is blender, and the equipment of granulation is Doubleroller compaction granulator, preparation
Grain diameter be 4-6mm.
In the present embodiment, after mixing by potassium chloride, magnesia powder, zeolite powder, peat source humic acid and charcoal,
It is granulated with the double roller compaction granulator (300 type) that Zhengzhou Techjob mechanical equipment Co., Ltd produces, the particle of diameter 4-6mm is made,
Then drying to moisture≤6, sieve up to partial size≤6mm granular pattern organic environment-friendly soil conditioner.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of application method of acid soil improving agent, for the strongly acidic soil of pH < 4.5,1-
3 years application I type acid soil improving agents apply one or both of II type and type III acid soil improving agent after the 4th year；
For the acid soil of pH4.5-5.5,1-3 applies one or both of I type and II type acid soil improving agent, and the 4th
Type III acid soil improving agent is applied after year；For the subacidity soil of pH5.5-6.5, type III acid soil improvement is applied
Agent；The acid soil improving agent is applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, and can be used as base manure or top dressing application.
In the present embodiment, when being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, the depth of dressing furrow is 10-40cm, and width is 20 cm, is covered
Native soil depth is 5-10cm；When being applied fertilizer using the method for ditch spread, to the apparent crop of tree crown, centered on crop trunk, edge
Trunk drip digs dressing furrow, carries out ditch spread and earthing to the acid soil improving agent；To the unconspicuous crop of tree crown, then exist
Crop ditching in the ranks carries out ditch spread and earthing to the acid soil improving agent；Bare area is then spread fertilizer over the fields before turning in soil surface,
It turns over immediately, ploughed depth 20cm.
In the present embodiment, when the acid soil improving agent is as base manure or top dressing, each period amount of application is that modifying agent is total
The half of dosage, the total dosage of acid soil improving agent are 100-600kg/ mus, and the dosage applied as base manure or top dressing is
50-300kg/ mus.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, the mass percent of acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 8%, hydrated lime in powder 20%, lightweight oxygen
Change magnesium powder 14%, zeolite powder 17%, humic acid 32%, I type charcoal 3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash
3%.Wherein the ion exchange resin is strong-base anion-exchange resin, and humic acid is peat source humic acid, and rare earth is
Lanthana.Weigh each component substance according to mass percent, by each component material mixing it is uniform after, by extrusion granulation system
At particle, i.e., described acid soil improving agent.
Test site and for try soil property；
Enforcement place: Hainan Province, end of the bridge town, the Dengmai County village Tou Cai
Implement soil: the orchard is level land, laterite, the basic physicochemical character of soil are as follows: organic matter 20.05g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis
Nitrogen 76.87mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 12.29mg/kg, available potassium 46.68mg/kg, pH 4.38.
Implement the time: September 15th -2017 years on the 1st July in 2015
Field experimental design: the CK including not applying soil conditioner is handled and soil conditioner applies two processing.Its
In, 630kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 143kg/ mus of urea, 535kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, 36kg/ mus of potassium chloride, 75kg/ mus of potassium sulfate,
250kg/ mus of soil conditioner.Banana planting kind is emperor any of several broadleaf plants, and planting density is 180 plants/acre.Wherein, every 25 plants of processing, weight
It is 3 times multiple, it is arranged using random district's groups.
Test method
Fertilizing method is in the ranks to dig dressing furrow in banana, and trench depth 20cm, width 20cm, soil conditioner is in seedling stage
(on July 5th, 2016) and pumping flower bud phase (on December 5th, 2016) amount of application are respectively 125kg/ mus, earthing 5-10cm after application.
Embodiment three
It is by mass percentage potassium chloride 4%, hydrated lime in powder 8%, light magnesium oxide powder 6%, zeolite powder in the present embodiment
12%, humic acid 60%, II type charcoal 2%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 5% make acid soil
Modifying agent.Wherein the ion exchange resin is strong-base anion-exchange resin 1% and storng-acid cation exchange resin
1%, humic acid is peat source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 15%, lignite source humic acid 15%, rare earth are
Lanthana 0.5%, nitric acid rare earth 0.5%.
Acidified soil conditioner is applied to rice by the present embodiment, studies the shadow to paddy growth, yield and soil property
It rings；
Test site and for try soil property；
Enforcement place: Hainan Province, mayor slope town, Danzhou；
Implement soil: it is rice and vegetable crop rotation soil, physiochemical properties of soil are as follows: pH value 6.87, organic matter
15.01g/kg, available nitrogen 60.18mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 302.32mg/kg, available potassium 31.52mg/kg.
Test period: on July 15,10 days to 2017 April in 2017
Field experimental design: the CK including not applying soil conditioner is handled and soil conditioner applies two processing.Urine
It is 30kg/ mus plain, 38kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, 20kg/ mus of potassium chloride, 250kg/ mus of soil conditioner.
Example IV
The present embodiment is compared with embodiment three, the dose of use are as follows: 30kg/ mus of urea, 38kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, chlorine
Change potassium 20kg/ mus, 200kg/ mus of soil conditioner.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment is compared with embodiment three, the dose of use are as follows: 30kg/ mus of urea, 38kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, chlorine
Change potassium 20kg/ mus, 150kg/ mus of soil conditioner.
Test result 1:
Start on April 20th, 2016 to harvest banana.10 plants of trees are randomly selected in every processing when harvesting banana, and measurement banana produces
Amount.Meanwhile taking a fruit to refer in the centre of every comb banana, every every repetition of processing is accumulative to take 30 fruits to refer to, to measure banana product
Matter.Measure soluble solid (hand-held soluble solid instrument), crude protein (Kjeldahl's method), vitamin (titration),
Soluble sugar (3,5- dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetry) content.Meanwhile 0-20cm pedotheque is taken in every processing, in every processing
Using snakelike sampling method, 8 plants of bananas are chosen, at any of several broadleaf plants head 70cm, acquire pedotheque, the soil that will be acquired in every processing
Sample is mixed into a soil sample.It air-dries, measures soil pH value (pH meter) and the content of organic matter (potassium bichromate titrimetric method).
Influence of 1 soil conditioner of table to banana production, quality and soil property
Table 1 show with comparative example 1 (CK processing) habits fertilization processing compared with, mugineic acid soil conditioner+habit
The processing soil pH value of fertilising improves 0.8 unit, improves 13.63%, soil organic matter content improves 27.92%, list
Strain yield improves 14.30%, and soluble solid improves 17.95%, and crude protein improves 0.58%, and micro-element improves
5.26%, soluble sugar improves 12.13%.Illustrate that soil can be improved by applying this acid soil improving agent, improve banana production
And quality.
Test result 2
In conjunction with the embodiments three-five and comparative example 2 (CK processing) experimental result, research acid soil improving agent is raw to rice
Long, yield and soil property influence, wherein soil testing method is respectively as follows: pH and measures (water and soil with PHS-3C type Accurate pH meter
Than 2.5:1) hydrolyzable nitrogen alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method；Available phosphorus is anti-with 0.03 mol/LNH4F-0.025mol/LHCl extraction-molybdenum antimony
Colorimetric method；Available potassium is as described in Table 3 with neutrality NH4OAc extraction-its result of flame spectrometry:
Influence of 2 soil conditioner of table to rice yield and soil property
Table 2 show in comparative example 2 (CK processing) habits fertilization processing compared with, mugineic acid soil conditioner+habit
The embodiment 2-4 of fertilising improves soil pH value, and promotion amplitude is 8.25-10.00%, and soil organic matter content improves
8.13-24.33%, quick-acting nitrogen contents improve 8.21-21.22%, and available phosphorus contents improve 0.93-4.44%, available potassium
Content improves 69.40-150.09%, and rice yield improves 22.76-34.97%.Illustrate to apply this acid soil improvement
Agent can effectively promote the soil organism, available nitrogen and quick-acting potassium content, and the influence to soil quick-effective phosphor is little, thus can promote soil
Earth nutrient supply balance.Meanwhile soil conditioner also improves soil pH value and rice yield.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal disclosed by the invention, following beneficial effect has been obtained:
Acid soil improving agent disclosed by the invention can be improved after application rich in nutriments such as potassium, calcium, magnesium in alkalinity
Soil pH value, effectively supplement Soil Mineral Nutrition, increase soil fertility.The charcoal and zeolite powder of addition are that surface porosity is more
Hole substance can keep soil moisture, nutrient and provide living environment for edaphon and improve the multi-functionals such as soil texture.
In addition, humic acid and biological carbon surface are rich in a variety of functional groups, adsorbable heavy metal-polluted soil, thus, by change soil pH and
The enhancing of heavy metal-polluted soil adsorption capacity, makes heavy metal-polluted soil be converted into inactive state, reduces the pollution of heavy metal-polluted soil.Separately
Outside, the anti-adversity ability of crop can be improved in humic acid and rare earth, therefore, can improve soil quality by the application of this product, mention
High crop yield improves crop quality.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of acid soil improving agent, it is characterised in that: main component content is as follows, remembers by mass percentage, potassium chloride 4-
8%, hydrated lime in powder 8-20%, light magnesium oxide powder 6-14%, zeolite powder 12-17%, humic acid 32-60%, charcoal 2-
3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 0.5-1%, volcanic ash 3-5%.
2. acid soil improving agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the charcoal is agricultural wastes through filling
Divide after drying or drying, be pressed into bulk, 500 DEG C of pyrolysis 4h, crushing sieve with 100 mesh sieve shape under the conditions of anaerobic environment in retort
At charcoal；The agricultural wastes include tropical and subtropical region coconut husk, bagasse, manioc waste, banana stem, lichee wood, dragon
At least one of eye wood, rubber wood timber.
3. acid soil improving agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the charcoal include I type charcoal and
II type charcoal；Wherein the agricultural wastes in the I type charcoal are at least one of banana stem and rubber-woodflour, institute
It states in I type charcoal proton with capacity >=140cmol/kg, is ashed alkali content >=240cmol/kg；In the II type charcoal
Agricultural wastes are coconut husk, bagasse, manioc waste, banana stem, lichee is wooden, longan is wooden, at least three kinds in rubber wood timber, the II
With capacity >=17cmol/kg in type charcoal proton, it is ashed alkali content >=15cmol/kg.
4. acid soil improving agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the acid soil improving agent
Including three types, respectively I type acid soil improving agent, II type acid soil improving agent and type III acid soil improving agent；
The mass percent of the I type acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 8%, hydrated lime in powder 20%, light magnesium oxide powder 14%, boiling
Mountain flour 17%, humic acid 32%, I type charcoal 3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 3%；Wherein, described
Ion exchange resin is strong-base anion-exchange resin, and the humic acid is peat source humic acid, and the rare earth is oxidation
Lanthanum；The mass percent of the II type acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride 6%, hydrated lime in powder 15%, light magnesium oxide powder
11%, zeolite powder 15%, humic acid 44%, II charcoal 3%, ion exchange resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 3%, wherein
The ion exchange resin includes strong-base anion-exchange resin 1% and storng-acid cation exchange resin 1%, the humic
Acid includes peat source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 7% and lignite source humic acid 7%, the rare earth
Including lanthana 0.5% and nitric acid rare earth 0.5%；The mass percent of the type III acid soil improving agent is potassium chloride
4%, hydrated lime in powder 8%, light magnesium oxide powder 6%, zeolite powder 12%, humic acid 60%, II type charcoal 2%, ion exchange
Resin 2%, rare earth 1%, volcanic ash 5%, wherein the ion exchange resin includes 1% He of strong-base anion-exchange resin
Storng-acid cation exchange resin 1%, the humic acid include peat source humic acid 30%, weathered coal source humic acid 15%
With lignite source humic acid 15%, the rare earth includes lanthana 0.5% and nitric acid rare earth 0.5%.
5. acid soil improving agent according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the potassium chloride is agriculture grade, oxidation
Potassium content >=60%, 50 mesh of granularity；The hydrated lime in powder is agriculture grade, calcium oxide content >=85%, pH >=12, granularity 200
Mesh；The light magnesium oxide powder is feed grade, content of magnesia >=92%, pH >=9.0,200 mesh of granularity；The zeolite powder is
Agriculture grade, zeolite content >=50%, pH >=9.5,200 mesh of granularity；Peat source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=55%,
Total humic acid >=40%, fineness are 40-60 mesh, pH >=5；Lignite source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid
>=30%, fineness is 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.8；Weathered coal source humic acid, the content of organic matter >=50%, total humic acid >=
30%, fineness is 40-60 mesh, pH >=2.6.
6. acid soil improving agent according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the ion exchange resin is macroporous type
D201 strong-base anion-exchange resin, D202 strong-base anion-exchange resin and 001x7 polystyrene highly acidic cation
One or both of exchanger resin；Wherein, the quality full exchange capacity of D201 strong-base anion-exchange resin >=
3.8mmol/g, volume full exchange capacity >=1.2mmol/ml, wet true density 1.06-1.10g/ml, wet apparent density 0.65-
0.75g/ml, water content 50-60%, factory pattern are CL-；The maximum regeneration capacity of D202 strong-base anion-exchange resin >=
3.6mmol/g, strong type group capacity >=3.4mmol/g, volume-exchange capacity >=0.95mmol/g, wet true density 1.06-
1.12g/ml；Water content 45-56%, the quality full exchange capacity mmol/ of 001x7 polystyrene storng-acid cation exchange resin
G (dry) >=4.43, wet true density 1.23-1.28g/ml.
7. acid soil improving agent according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the rare earth is lanthana or nitric acid rare earth
One or both of；The lanthana is white amorphous powder, is slightly soluble in water, density 6.51g/cm3, the nitric acid rare earth
Effective ingredient are as follows: RExOy>=38%, impurity content Pb<0.002%, Cd<0.0005%, As<0.0003%, Hg<
0.00001%, Cl < 1%, water-insoluble < 0.5%, totalαradioactivity specific activity < 800Bq/kg.
8. a kind of preparation method of acid soil improving agent, it is characterised in that: the preparation method is used to prepare aforesaid right and wants
Seek 1 to 7 any acid soil improving agent；It mainly includes the following steps that, weighs each component substance according to mass percent,
By each component material mixing it is uniform after, particle is made by extrusion granulation, i.e. the acid soil improving agent；Wherein,
Mixed equipment is blender, and the equipment of granulation is Doubleroller compaction granulator, and the grain diameter of preparation is 4-6mm.
9. a kind of application method of acid soil improving agent, it is characterised in that: the application method using aforesaid right for wanting
Seek 1 to 7 any acid soil improving agent；For the strongly acidic soil of pH < 4.5,1-3 application I type acid soil changes
One or both of II type and type III acid soil improving agent are applied after good dose, the 4th year；For the acid soil of pH4.5-5.5
Earth, 1-3 apply one or both of I type and II type acid soil improving agent, and type III acid soil is applied after the 4th year
Modifying agent；For the subacidity soil of pH5.5-6.5, type III acid soil improving agent is applied；The acid soil improving agent is adopted
It is applied fertilizer with the method for ditch spread, and can be used as base manure or top dressing application；The acid soil improving agent is as base manure or top dressing
When, each period amount of application is the half of the total dosage of modifying agent, and the total dosage of acid soil improving agent is 100-600kg/ mus, is made
The dosage applied for base manure or top dressing is 50-300kg/ mus.
10. the application method of acid soil improving agent according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: using the method for ditch spread
When fertilising, the depth of dressing furrow is 10-40cm, and width 20cm, earthing soil depth is 5-10cm；It is applied using the method for ditch spread
When fertile, to the apparent crop of tree crown, centered on crop trunk, dressing furrow dug along trunk drip, the acid soil is changed
Good dose of progress ditch spread and earthing；To the unconspicuous crop of tree crown, then in crop ditching in the ranks, to the acid soil improving agent into
Row ditch spread and earthing；Bare area is then spread fertilizer over the fields before turning in soil surface, is turned over immediately, ploughed depth 20cm.
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| CN108624331A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-09 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | A kind of methods for making and using same of acid soil improving agent |
| CN113149777A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Secondary salinization soil conditioner for greenhouse vegetable field and application of secondary salinization soil conditioner |
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| CN115466152A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-13 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Soil conditioner for relieving soil acidification, and preparation method and use method thereof |
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