CN110352815A - A kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide - Google Patents
A kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110352815A CN110352815A CN201910524637.3A CN201910524637A CN110352815A CN 110352815 A CN110352815 A CN 110352815A CN 201910524637 A CN201910524637 A CN 201910524637A CN 110352815 A CN110352815 A CN 110352815A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
A kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, comprising: leveling paddy field is simultaneously poured water, and 6~10cm of water depth is kept；It spreads fertilizer over the fields in charcoal and environment-friendly type water keeping agent to the paddy field through pouring water for the first time；The seed of the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field；It completes to rice tillering, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pours water for the second time into paddy field, 3~5cm of water depth is kept, until rice is mature；This method is combined using water management with charcoal, water-retaining agent, have effectively achieved zero use of Weed Control in Direct-sowing Rice Field agent, the sprouting of weeds in paddy field can be efficiently controlled simultaneously, reduce the harm of weeds, it ensure that the production of crop, the generation of herbicide resistance, the destruction of the ecological balance are avoided, can achieve the purpose that exempt to apply chemical herbicide and effectively prevention and control weeds and leads to the underproduction because of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging the defects of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Rice Cropping technical field, exempt from the control for applying chemical herbicide more particularly to a kind of direct sowing rice field
Careless method.
Background technique
It is largely shifted and land transformation concentrating operation with rural laborer, farming recruitment famine is more and more prominent, for not
It accidentally farming season, sows on time, vast Rice Cropping family gradually switchs to direct seading rice by traditional watery ricenursery and cultivates.Direct sowing of rice is planted
Training mode has saving of labor, time saving, save the cost, alleviates busy farming season labour anxiety
The advantages that problem.Direct sowing rice weed is ploughed using gramineae weeds such as dry gold, barnyard grasses as sociales, out grass it is more and
It is early, it is sedge weed again to rice hazard maximum, the followed by broadleaf weeds such as Monochoria vaginalis, bog pondweed.It counts according to investigations
Analysis, direct sowing rice field, gramineae weed account for 51.4%, and wherein semen euphorbiae accounts for 26.8%, barnyard grass and accounts for 24.6%, and broadleaf weeds accounts for
29.7%, wherein bog pondweed, which accounts for 11.3%, Monochoria vaginalis and accounts for 9.5%, mexicana, accounts for 8.9%, and sedge weed accounts for 18.8%.Directly
It broadcasts weeds in the entire growth period of rice field to occur that 3 peak periods are presented, i.e. the 1st period is 3~4 days after direct sowing of rice, mainly dry
Gold, barnyard grass, mexicana；2nd period was 4~5 leaf phase of Direct-seeding Rice, about broadcast 12~15 days, mainly barnyard grass, semen euphorbiae, eye afterwards
Sub- dish；3rd period was 7~8 leaf phase of Direct-seeding Rice, about broadcast 25~30 days or so, mainly Monochoria vaginalis, Cyperaceae afterwards.Grass is neat out
Be Cyperaceae and Monochoria vaginalis, out it is careless it is irregular be semen euphorbiae and barnyard grass.
Direct sowing rice weed goes out grass early, and grass is more out, direct sowing rice weed occurrence characteristic should be directed to, in weed control countermeasure
On must be prevented and kill off with chemical agent based on, take and close down processing before bud and cauline leaf processing of tagging combines.But by weather, weeding
The factors such as agent dosage form selection and dosage influence, and direct seading rice undesirable, herbicide damage of herbicidal effect etc. easily occurs and asks
Topic causes rice shoot in blocks dead, and Basic Seedling is seriously reduced, and influences yield.
Agronomic measures, which are that one kind is effective, controls one of careless approach.Direct sowing rice field turns over too early weed seed in soil
It sprouts, should be turned over again before paddy is sowed, reduce weeds and radix occurs.Base manure is used sufficient, tillering fertilizer is early applied, promotes rice
Early hair is fast long for seedling, and envelope row, controls following illumination early, carries out and presses grass with seedling.Under water management measure, the low water level in rice field is more
Be conducive to the growth of weeds, high water level Rice under Condition is in competitive advantage, can inhibit the generation of weeds.Some weed seeds
It is not easy to sprout under flooding condition, deep water is kept to can control and be drowned barnyard grass and other non-heavy water type gramineae weeds.Live streaming
In rice field, the effective way that natural precipitation utilization efficiency is weeds control is irrigated and improves, but it is noted that its suitability degree, because
Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging can also be caused by carrying out deep water management in specific time in paddy field.Rice damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging include flood completely (submergence) and
It is partially flooded with damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging when (partial submergence).The former refers to that rice strain is submerged completely, i.e., drowned waterflooding is to rice
The influence of growth and development, the latter refer to that most of trophophyll of rice strain is flooded influence when not having to rice growth.Therefore
And direct sowing rice field does not find one kind by water management yet at present, can reach and exempt to apply chemical herbicide and effectively prevention and control are miscellaneous
The purpose of grass, and it is avoided that the method for leading to the underproduction because of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging the defects of.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide it is a kind of can achieve the purpose that exempt to apply chemical herbicide and effectively prevention and control weeds and
It avoids that the direct sowing rice field of the underproduction is caused to exempt to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide because of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging the defects of,.
A kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, comprising the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6~10cm of water depth；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, the auxiliary agent includes charcoal and environment-friendly type water keeping agent, is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields to the water through pouring water for the first time
In rice field；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~5cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
The step of first time pours water in one of the embodiments, specifically:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6~10cm of water depth, keep 20~30d of number of days
In one of the embodiments, in described the step of spreading fertilizer over the fields auxiliary agent, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the charcoal is 5~15kg/
Mu, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the environment-friendly type water keeping agent are 10~20kg/ mus.
The charcoal prepares shape after low temperature pyrogenation under oxygen-free environment by agricultural raw material in one of the embodiments,
At the agricultural raw material includes one of Animal manure, rice hulls, peanut shell, cornstalk or trees waste material or more
Kind.
The environment-friendly type water keeping agent is carboxymethyl starch grafted propylene acid, 2- acryloyl in one of the embodiments,
The water-retaining agent of amine -2- methyl propane sulfonic acid, or be wheat-bran fiber element and humic acid composite environment-friendly type water-retaining agent.
In one of the embodiments, in described the step of broadcasting sowing, the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties select the excellent 2 rice product of Y two
Kind, Yongyou 6 rice varieties, any one in southern 44 rice varieties of round-grained rice, vernalization is broadcasted sowing to after there is root to have bud to paddy field
In, the amount of broadcasting sowing is 4~6 pounds/acre of hybrid paddy rice, 10~15 pounds/acre of conventional Rice.
Described the step of pouring water for the second time in one of the embodiments, specifically:
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~5cm of layer depth keeps 70~90d of number of days, until rice is mature.
In one of the embodiments, specifically includes the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6~8cm of water depth, keep 20~25d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields 5~8kg/ mus and 13~18kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mus of charcoal to through for the first time
In the paddy field poured water；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of 44 rice varieties of the type of resistance to water logging south round-grained rice is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, the amount of sowing seeds 14~
16 pounds/acre；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 4~5cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
In one of the embodiments, specifically includes the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 8~10cm of water depth, keep 25~30d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields 8~12kg/ mus and 10~12kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mus of charcoal to through for the first time
In the paddy field poured water；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of the type of resistance to water logging Yongyou 6 rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, the amount of sowing seeds 3.5
~4.5 pounds/acre；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~4cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
In one of the embodiments, specifically includes the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 8~10cm of water depth, keep 25~30d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields 8~12kg/ mus and 15~20kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mus of charcoal to through for the first time
In the paddy field poured water；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of two excellent No. 2 rice varieties of the type of resistance to water logging Y is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, the amount of sowing seeds
5.5~6.5 pounds/acre；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~4cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
Above-mentioned direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, is combined using water management with charcoal, water-retaining agent
Method have effectively achieved zero use of Weed Control in Direct-sowing Rice Field agent, while the sprouting of weeds in paddy field can be efficiently controlled,
The germination rate for greatly reducing weeds in field reduces the harm of weeds, ensure that the production of crop；Saving water measurement is saved
Field is artificial, while avoiding the generation of herbicide resistance, the destruction of the ecological balance etc., the adjusting also tribute to rice field microenvironment
It offers huge, effectively achievees the purpose that weeds sustainable management；The mesh for exempting to apply chemical herbicide and effectively prevention and control weeds can be reached
, and be avoided that and lead to the underproduction because of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging the defects of.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clear the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention into
Row is further described.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to more fully understand skill of the invention
Art scheme, is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, and a kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control of chemical herbicide
Careless method, comprising the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6~10cm of water depth；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, the auxiliary agent includes charcoal and environment-friendly type water keeping agent, is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields to the water through pouring water for the first time
In rice field；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~5cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
This direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, is combined using water management with charcoal, water-retaining agent
Method has effectively achieved zero use of Weed Control in Direct-sowing Rice Field agent, while can efficiently control the sprouting of weeds in paddy field, greatly
The earth reduces the germination rate of weeds in field, reduces the harm of weeds, ensure that the production of crop；Saving water measurement saves field
Between it is artificial, while avoiding the generation of herbicide resistance, the destruction of the ecological balance etc., the adjusting of rice field microenvironment also contributed
It is huge, effectively achieve the purpose that weeds sustainable management；The mesh for exempting to apply chemical herbicide and effectively prevention and control weeds can be reached
, and be avoided that and lead to the underproduction because of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging the defects of.
The step of first time pours water in one of the embodiments, specifically:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6~10cm of water depth, keep 20~30d of number of days
In one of the embodiments, in described the step of spreading fertilizer over the fields auxiliary agent, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the charcoal is 5~15kg/
Mu, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the environment-friendly type water keeping agent are 10~20kg/ mus.
The charcoal prepares shape after low temperature pyrogenation under oxygen-free environment by agricultural raw material in one of the embodiments,
At the agricultural raw material includes one of Animal manure, rice hulls, peanut shell, cornstalk or trees waste material or more
Kind.
The environment-friendly type water keeping agent is carboxymethyl starch grafted propylene acid, 2- acryloyl in one of the embodiments,
The water-retaining agent of amine -2- methyl propane sulfonic acid, or be wheat-bran fiber element and humic acid composite environment-friendly type water-retaining agent.
In one of the embodiments, in described the step of broadcasting sowing, the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties select the excellent 2 rice product of Y two
Kind, Yongyou 6 rice varieties, any one in southern 44 rice varieties of round-grained rice, vernalization is broadcasted sowing to after there is root to have bud to paddy field
In, the amount of broadcasting sowing is 4~6 pounds/acre of hybrid paddy rice, 10~15 pounds/acre of conventional Rice.
Described the step of pouring water for the second time in one of the embodiments, specifically:
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, protect
Water holding 3~5cm of layer depth keeps 70~90d of number of days, until rice is mature.
It is illustrated below with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Using 44 rice paddy seed of southern round-grained rice of resistance to water logging；
(1) paddy field is flattened, is poured water, water layer 7cm,
(2) it uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields and charcoal (5kg/ mus) and water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus) is added；
(3) by the accelerating germination of rice seed of resistance to water logging, until there is root to have bud；
(4) 15 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds
(5) by the seed artificial broadcast of step 4) into paddy field；
(6) after the completion of rice tillering, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water into rice field, keep water layer 5cm, until rice at
It is ripe.
Embodiment 2
Using the Yongyou 6 rice paddy seed of resistance to water logging；
(1) paddy field is flattened, is poured water, water layer 8cm,
(2) charcoal 10kg/ mus and natural water-retaining agent 10kg/ mus of environment-friendly type of addition is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields；
(3) by the accelerating germination of rice seed of resistance to water logging, until there is root to have bud；
(4) 4 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds
(5) by the seed artificial broadcast of step 4) into paddy field；
(6) after the completion of rice tillering, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water into rice field, keep water layer 3cm, until rice at
It is ripe.
Embodiment 3
Using two excellent No. 2 rice paddy seeds of Y of resistance to water logging；
(1) paddy field is flattened, is poured water, water layer 10cm,
(2) charcoal 10kg/ mus and natural water-retaining agent 15kg/ mus of environment-friendly type of addition is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields；
(3) by the accelerating germination of rice seed of resistance to water logging, until there is root to have bud；
(4) 6 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds
(5) the seed machinery of step 4) is broadcasted sowing into paddy field；
(6) after the completion of rice tillering, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water into rice field, keep water layer 3cm, until rice at
It is ripe.
Embodiment 4
Verified using indoor pot: agriculture perfume (or spice) 32, agriculture perfume (or spice) 45, Yu Zhenxiang, Huang Huazhan, the excellent China in day are accounted for, excellent 2 rice of Y two,
Yongyou 6,44 presprouting of seeds of southern round-grained rice, until there is root to have bud；With on the radix of every 20 rice seedlings of basin, transplanting is to equipped with nutrient solution
In the plastic cup of agar；8cm water layer is added into plastic cup, observes daily, keeps water depth.Control treatment eight is set
Add 2cm water layer in the plastic cup of a kind.After 20d, the plant height, root long, fresh weight of different rice varieties are measured；SPSS software into
Row variance analysis.
The results are shown in Table 1 for indoor pot: in waterflooding 7cm, the morphological characters of different rice varieties is shown not
Same situation.Excellent 2 rice of Y two, Yongyou 6, the aerial part plant height of southern round-grained rice 44 are higher, and root long is longer, and fresh weight is larger；It is significant
It is accounted for greater than agriculture perfume (or spice) 32, agriculture perfume (or spice) 45, Yu Zhenxiang, Huang Huazhan, the excellent China in day.
Flooding flood causes all kind plant heights to increase, and different, excellent 2 water of kind Y two is showed between other character different rice varieties
Rice, Yongyou 6, southern 44 blade of round-grained rice have the tendency that elongation, other tree characteristics are impacted also smaller；Kind agriculture perfume (or spice) 32, agriculture are fragrant
45, the excellent China in Yu Zhenxiang, Huang Huazhan, the day tree characteristics that occupies the majority is flooded after flood to grow and is suppressed.It follows that agriculture perfume (or spice) 32, agriculture
Fragrant 45, Yu Zhenxiang, Huang Huazhan, the excellent Hua Zhanwei rdativery sensitive kind in day, excellent 2 rice of Y two, Yongyou 6, southern round-grained rice 44 are relatively resistance to
Flood kind.
The influence (20d) of 1 water depth difference Agronomic Characters of Rice of table
Note: a is under 0.05 level of signifiance.
Embodiment 5
By southern 44 presprouting of seeds of round-grained rice, until there is root to have bud；With the radix of every 20 rice seedlings of basin, 10 are spat white barnyard grass kind
Son is broadcasted sowing into the plastic barrel equipped with 5kg Nutrition Soil；8cm water layer is added into plastic barrel, not same amount charcoal and guarantor is added
Aqua (7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 7.5g water-retaining agent (5kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 15g water-retaining agent
(10kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 30g are protected
Aqua (20kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and 15g water-retaining agent (10kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and
22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus), 22.5g charcoal
(15kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 22.5g charcoal (15kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus), 30g
Charcoal (20kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus)；Setting is only plus water process and blank control, daily observation are kept
Water depth.After 20d, the fresh weight of rice is measured, barnyard grass strain number and aerial part fresh weight is counted and calculates barnyard grass and prevent and kill off effect
Fruit.
The following publicity of preventive effect calculates: E=100 × (C-T)/C
In formula: E is fresh weight preventive effect (strain number preventive effect)；C is that 0cm water layer handles weeds aerial part fresh weight (strain number)；T is
Experimental group weeds aerial part fresh weight (strain number)；SPSS software carries out variance analysis.
As shown in Table 2,7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 7.5g water-retaining agent (5kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus)
With 15g water-retaining agent (10kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 7.5g charcoal
(5kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and (10kg/ mus) of 15g water-retaining agent processing are to barnyard grass
The strain number preventive effect of grass is between 83.43%-88.23%, to the fresh weight preventive effect of barnyard grass between 83.30%-87.29%,
It is not significant compared to only adding the control effect of water process to improve, paddy growth is had no significant effect.15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and
22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus), 22.5g charcoal
(15kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 22.5g charcoal (15kg/ mus) and 30g water-retaining agent (20kg/ mus), 30g
Charcoal (20kg/ mus) and (20kg/ mus) of 30g water-retaining agent processing to the strain number preventive effect of barnyard grass between 92.12%-95.27% it
Between, to the fresh weight preventive effect of barnyard grass between 90.92%-95.60%, compared to only plus the raising of the control effect of water process is not shown
It writes, to paddy growth, there are different degrees of influences.
Integrated data is it is found that 7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 15g charcoal
(10kg/ mus) and 15g water-retaining agent (10kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and (15kg/ mus) of 22.5g water-retaining agent processing were both
There is good Weed control effect, and paddy growth is had no significant effect.
The different charcoals of table 2 and water-retaining agent additive amount influence (20d) to the preventive effect of barnyard grass and rice fresh weight
Note: a is under 0.05 level of signifiance.
Embodiment 6
It is verified using field plot: cell size 5m × 5m, cell ridge high 30cm, wide 30cm；Southern 44 seed of round-grained rice is urged
Bud, until there is root to have bud；Paddy field is flattened, is poured water, water layer 8cm；Charcoal is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields toward field and water-retaining agent is arranged 3
Measure (7.5g charcoal (5kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and 15g water-retaining agent
(10kg/ mus), 15g charcoal (10kg/ mus) and 22.5g water-retaining agent (15kg/ mus)；4 flooding depth (no water layers are set
0cm, water layer 3-5cm, water layer 7-10cm, water layer 12-15cm) two Variable Factors；It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields into paddy field, application rate
It is 15 jin；Processing is as follows:
Be arranged after 3 cells be both not added water or had not spread fertilizer over the fields charcoal and water-retaining agent 20d, plant height that the measurement excellent China in day accounts for, point
Tiller number, fresh weight；It counts barnyard grass strain number and aerial part fresh weight and calculates barnyard grass preventive effect.The following publicity meter of preventive effect
Calculate: in E=100 × (C-T)/C formula: E is fresh weight preventive effect (strain number preventive effect)；C is one and five weeds aerial part fresh weights of processing
(strain number)；T is experimental group weeds aerial part fresh weight (strain number)；SPSS software carries out variance analysis.
The results are shown in Table 3: compared with processing one, five, nine, handling two, six, ten from plant height, root long, tiller number, fresh weight
Illustrate the processing of 3-5cm water layer on paddy growth without influence without significant change on equal economical characters.Processing three, seven, 11
Compared to processing one, five, nine, the economical characters such as plant height, tiller number, fresh weight improve to some extent, and illustrate 7-10cm to rice
Have certain promotion.Compared with processing one, five, nine, four, eight, 12 are handled from agronomy such as plant height, tiller number, fresh weights
Equal decrease to some degree on shape illustrates that the processing of 12-15cm water layer has certain inhibiting effect to paddy growth.With processing
Three compare, and processing seven, processing 11 are from the economical characters such as plant height, tiller number, fresh weight without significant change；Handle four phases
Than processing eight, 12, the economical characters such as plant height, fresh weight, tiller number are without significant change；Illustrate three kinds of charcoals and water conservation
It is little that the difference influenced on the economical character of southern round-grained rice 44 is combined in agent.
As shown in Table 4, the strain number preventive effect of one, five, nine pair of barnyard grass is handled between 24.45%-28.38%, to barnyard grass
Fresh weight preventive effect between 25.23%-28.23%, to barnyard grass substantially without preventive effect.Two, six, ten pairs of barnyard grasses of processing
Prevention and control of the strain number preventive effect between 56.73%-62.82%, to the fresh weight preventive effect of barnyard grass between 55.00%-62.06%, to barnyard grass
Effect is poor.The strain number preventive effect of a pair of of the barnyard grass of processing three, seven, ten is between 87.31%-89.85%, to the fresh weight preventive effect of barnyard grass
It is more excellent to the control effect of barnyard grass between 83.47%-90.73%.Handle four, eight, 12 pairs of barnyard grasses strain number preventive effect between
Between 91.60%-94.11%, to the fresh weight preventive effect of barnyard grass between 90.52%-93.66%, to the control effect of barnyard grass
It is optimal.
The data of consolidated statement 3 and table 4 are it is found that handle 11 existing good Weed control effects of three, processing seven and processing, again
To paddy growth certain promotion.
The influence (20d) of 3 different in moisture management of table and charcoal and water-retaining agent to southern 44 economical character of round-grained rice
Note: a is under 0.05 level of signifiance.
Embodiment 7
In May, 2018 is in ChangSha, Hunan Province county, field, high bridge town wide field trial (5 mu), southern 44 presprouting of seeds of round-grained rice, until there is root
There is bud；
Processing 1: paddy field is flattened, is poured water, water layer 7cm uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields charcoal (5kg/ mus) and water-retaining agent (15kg/
Mu)；Artificial broadcast is into paddy field, and 15 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds；After the completion of rice tillering, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, to rice field
In pour water, keep water layer 5cm, until rice is mature.2 mu
Processing 2: moisture conventional treatment does not play herbicide, not artificial weeding, blank control；1 mu
Processing 3: moisture conventional treatment is affixed by chemical herbicide benzyl-pretilachlor；2 mu.
Compared with processing 2, southern 44 yield of round-grained rice improves 8.14% per acre for processing 1, and the weeds for handling 1 region occur
Also greatly reduce, 90.42% has been reached to the control effect of weeds, better than 3 chemical weed control region control effects of processing
87.42%.
Embodiment 8
2 months 2018 in Hainan Province, the farm Nan Bin, Sanya field wide field trial (5 mu), using the Yongyou 6 of resistance to water logging
Rice paddy seed；
Processing 1: paddy field being flattened, is poured water, water layer 8cm, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields charcoal 10kg/ mus of addition and environment-friendly type day
Right 10kg/ mus of water-retaining agent；By accelerating germination of rice seed, until there is root to have bud；4 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds, artificial broadcast is into paddy field；Water
It after the completion of rice tiller, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pours water into rice field, water layer 3cm is kept, until rice is mature；2 mu.
Processing 2: moisture conventional treatment does not play herbicide, not artificial weeding, blank control；1 mu
Processing 3: moisture conventional treatment is affixed by chemical herbicide pretilachlor；2 mu.
Compared with processing 2, Yongyou 6 yield improves 9.89% per acre for processing 1, and the weeds for handling 1 region occur
Also greatly reduce, 96.67% has been reached to the control effect of weeds, better than 3 chemical weed control region control effects of processing
95.42%.
Embodiment 9
2 months 2018 in Hainan Province, the farm Nan Bin, Sanya field wide field trial (5 mu), using the Y two excellent 2 of resistance to water logging
Number rice paddy seed；
Processing 1: paddy field being flattened, is poured water, water layer 10cm；Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields charcoal 10kg/ mus of addition and environment-friendly type day
Right 15kg/ mus of water-retaining agent；By the accelerating germination of rice seed of resistance to water logging, until there is root to have bud；6 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds, machinery is broadcasted sowing to water
In rice field；It after the completion of rice tillering, after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pours water into rice field, water layer 3cm is kept, until rice is mature；2
Mu.
Processing 2: moisture conventional treatment does not play herbicide, not artificial weeding, blank control；1 mu
Processing 3: moisture conventional treatment is affixed by chemical herbicide butachlor；2 mu.
Compared with processing 2, two excellent No. 2 yield of Y improve 9.98% per acre for processing 1, and handle the weeds hair in 1 region
Life also greatly reduces, and has reached 92.35% to the control effect of weeds, better than 3 chemical weed control region control effects of processing
86.18%.
Embodiment 10
In June, 2018 is widely applied demonstration verifying (100 mu) in ChangSha, Hunan Province county, field, high bridge town, by paddy field
Leveling, pours water, water layer 10cm；Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields charcoal 10kg/ mus and natural water-retaining agent 15kg/ mus of environment-friendly type of addition；It will be water-fast
Two excellent No. 2 accelerating germination of rice seed of the Y flooded, until there is root to have bud；6 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds, machinery is broadcasted sowing into paddy field；Rice tillering
After the completion, it after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pours water into rice field, water layer 3cm is kept, until rice is mature；It is produced through surveying, Y two excellent 2
Yield improves 8.30% per acre, has reached 91.48% to the control effect of weeds.
Embodiment 11
In June, 2018 is widely applied demonstration verifying (100 mu) in ChangSha, Hunan Province county, field, orchard town, by paddy field
Leveling, pours water, water layer 8cm, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields charcoal 10kg/ mus and natural water-retaining agent 10kg/ mus of environment-friendly type of addition；By rice
Presprouting of seeds, until there is root to have bud；4 pounds/acre of the amount of sowing seeds, artificial broadcast is into paddy field；After the completion of rice tillering, water-retaining agent is opened
Begin to pour water after degradation into rice field, water layer 3cm is kept, until rice is mature.It is produced through surveying, Yongyou 6 yield improves per acre
9.66%, 93.16% has been reached to the control effect of weeds.
In summary, it may be said that bright water management of the invention, addition charcoal and water-retaining agent combination can not only exempt from applying
Herbicide is learned, and effectively improves rice yield, promotes rice green production, reduces Soil Environmental Pollution, rice is improved and produces
Amount and quality.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to of the invention
Protection scope.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of direct sowing rice field exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, which comprises the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6 ~ 10 cm of water depth；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, the auxiliary agent includes charcoal and environment-friendly type water keeping agent, is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields to the paddy field through pouring water for the first time
It is interior；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, keep water
3 ~ 5cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
2. direct sowing rice field according to claim 1 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, which is characterized in that described first
Secondary the step of pouring water specifically:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6 ~ 10 cm of water depth, keep 20 ~ 30d of number of days.
3. direct sowing rice field according to claim 1 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, it is characterised in that: described to spread fertilizer over the fields
In the step of auxiliary agent, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the charcoal is 5 ~ 15kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the environment-friendly type water keeping agent is 10 ~ 20kg/
Mu.
4. direct sowing rice field according to claim 3 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, it is characterised in that: the biology
Charcoal is prepared after low temperature pyrogenation under oxygen-free environment by agricultural raw material and is formed, and the agricultural raw material includes Animal manure, rice paddy
One of shell, peanut shell, cornstalk or trees waste material are a variety of.
5. direct sowing rice field according to claim 3 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, which is characterized in that the environmental protection
Type water-retaining agent is the water-retaining agent of carboxymethyl starch grafted propylene acid, 2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic, or is wheat-bran fiber
Element and humic acid composite environment-friendly type water-retaining agent.
6. direct sowing rice field according to claim 1 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, which is characterized in that described to broadcast sowing
The step of in, the type of resistance to water logging rice varieties select excellent 2 rice varieties of Y two, Yongyou 6 rice varieties, in southern 44 rice varieties of round-grained rice
Any one, vernalization is broadcasted sowing to after there is root to have bud into paddy field, the amount of broadcasting sowing be 4 ~ 6 pounds/acre of hybrid paddy rice, conventional Rice 10 ~ 15
Pound/acre.
7. direct sowing rice field according to claim 1 exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide, which is characterized in that described second
Secondary the step of pouring water specifically:
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, keep water
3 ~ 5cm of layer depth keeps 70 ~ 90d of number of days, until rice is mature.
8. direct sowing rice field described in any one exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide according to claim 1 ~ 7, feature exists
In, comprising the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 6 ~ 8 cm of water depth, keep 20 ~ 25d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, 5 ~ 8kg/ mus and 13 ~ 18kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mus of the charcoal extremely water through pouring water for the first time is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields
In rice field；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of 44 rice varieties of the type of resistance to water logging south round-grained rice is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, 14 ~ 16 jin of the amount of sowing seeds/
Mu；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, keep water
4 ~ 5cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
9. direct sowing rice field described in any one exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide according to claim 1 ~ 7, feature exists
In, comprising the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 8 ~ 10 cm of water depth, keep 25 ~ 30d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, 8 ~ 12kg/ mus of charcoal and 10 ~ 12kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mu is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields and is extremely poured water for the first time
In paddy field；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of the type of resistance to water logging Yongyou 6 rice varieties is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, the amount of sowing seeds 3.5 ~ 4.5
Pound/acre；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, keep water
3 ~ 4cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
10. direct sowing rice field described in any one exempts to apply the control grass method of chemical herbicide according to claim 1 ~ 7, feature exists
In, comprising the following steps:
It pours water, flatten paddy field and pours water for the first time, keep 8 ~ 10 cm of water depth, keep 25 ~ 30d of number of days；
Auxiliary agent is spread fertilizer over the fields, 8 ~ 12kg/ mus of charcoal and 15 ~ 20kg/ of environment-friendly type water keeping agent mu is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields and is extremely poured water for the first time
In paddy field；
It broadcasts sowing, the seed of two excellent No. 2 rice varieties of the type of resistance to water logging Y is broadcasted sowing after vernalization into paddy field, the amount of sowing seeds 5.5 ~ 6.5
Pound/acre；
It pours water, is completed to rice tillering for the second time, and after water-retaining agent starts degradation, pour water for the second time into paddy field, keep water
3 ~ 4cm of layer depth, until rice is mature.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111149640A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Herbicide-free direct seeding cultivation method for rice |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220653A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 李昌 | A kind of paddy field weeding method |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220653A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 李昌 | A kind of paddy field weeding method |
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| 贡来生: "《活性炭新用途——稻田杂草控制剂》", 《福建化工》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111149640A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Herbicide-free direct seeding cultivation method for rice |
| CN111149640B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 湖南师范大学 | Herbicide-free direct seeding cultivation method for rice |
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Application publication date: 20191022 |