CN110236124A - 一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 - Google Patents
一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110236124A CN110236124A CN201910539783.3A CN201910539783A CN110236124A CN 110236124 A CN110236124 A CN 110236124A CN 201910539783 A CN201910539783 A CN 201910539783A CN 110236124 A CN110236124 A CN 110236124A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- halogen
- squab
- tenderization
- meat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000004204 Foeniculum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019991 rice wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000089698 Zanthoxylum simulans Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006927 Foeniculum vulgare Species 0.000 claims 2
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007232 Illicium verum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008227 Illicium verum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 description 16
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 241000212314 Foeniculum Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000008384 Capsicum annuum var. annuum Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940108461 rennet Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010058314 rennet Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710097834 Thiol protease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014860 sensory perception of taste Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021404 traditional food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
- A23L13/428—Addition of flavours, spices, colours, amino acids or their salts, peptides, vitamins, yeast extract or autolysate, nucleic acid or derivatives, organic acidifying agents or their salts or acidogens, sweeteners, e.g. sugars or sugar alcohols; Addition of alcohol-containing products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
- A23L13/432—Addition of inorganic compounds, e.g. minerals; oligo-elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/48—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/50—Poultry products, e.g. poultry sausages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/70—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor
- A23L13/72—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor using additives, e.g. by injection of solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,包括卤料的配方、低温腌制、复卤回淋工艺,通过添加木瓜蛋白酶、生姜蛋白酶、碳酸氢钠作为复配嫩化液来改善乳鸽肉质肌原纤维,达到嫩化肉质的效果。同时采用复卤回淋的卤煮方式,促进肉质入味锁汁,解决传统卤制工艺入味不均匀的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乳鸽的卤制技术,具体地说,涉及一种鸽肉的卤制方法。
背景技术
鸽肉营养丰富 ,富含人体必需的多种氨基酸、微量元素和维生素,而且脂肪含量低,对人体健康十分有益。中医理论认为鸽肉性平,味甘咸,具有理气散寒,养肝益血、益气、补肾虚的功效。卤制品是中国传统食品,因此质地适口,味感丰富,香气宜人,润而不腻, 营养丰富而深受人们喜爱。但卤制时间过久,会造成肉质僵硬,口感风味不佳。
植物蛋白酶作为一种天然嫩肉剂,不仅可以提高肉制品嫩度,同时有助于提高肉的色、香、味和营养价值,而且不产生任何不良风味,在肉及肉制品的嫩化中具有较好的市场前景。
木瓜蛋白酶(Papain),属于巯基蛋白酶,对肉制品具有较好的嫩化作用。赵立等研究了木瓜蛋白酶对鸭肉的嫩化效果,结果表明木瓜蛋白酶使鸭肉肌原纤维 Z 线断裂,肌节变短,出现了肌原纤维小片化现象和结缔组织的降解。生姜蛋白酶(Zingibain),从生姜中提取的一种植物蛋白酶,对肌肉结缔组织和肌原纤维具有一定的降解作用。孙国梁等采用生姜蛋白酶对牛肉进行嫩化处理, 结果表明生姜蛋白酶可使牛肉的嫩度达到最佳食用状态,且肉色较好,柔嫩多汁。碳酸氢钠作为一种常用的保水剂和膨松剂,水溶液为弱碱性,对提高肉的持水性和蛋白酶的活性具有一定的作用。
现有针对乳鸽加工工艺方面的研究较少,仅有红烧乳鸽工艺研究,还未有涉及乳鸽卤制及嫩化方面的研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种嫩度高、保水性好、鸽肉和表皮紧实、肉质入味锁汁的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,包括如下步骤:
S1嫩化:将乳鸽洗净、去脏:向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,注射时间10~20min,注入方法是用注射针插入鸽肉各个部分;滚揉10-30min后,静止20-30min;
S2低温干腌:将腌制剂混合后打碎成粉末状,搅拌均匀,涂抹在乳鸽的表皮和内腔;用保鲜膜密封后,放置于4-10℃冰箱中,腌制30 min;
S3制备卤水:将卤料放进锅里用小火炒至变色发香, 取出后用纱布包裹制成香料包;取100份水,加入香料包,调入12-16份黄酒、10-15份酱油、6-8份食用盐和2-4份砂糖进行大火烧煮,直至沸腾,然后转小火慢炖2-3h,制备得到卤水;
S4卤煮:将乳鸽放入煮沸的卤水中,微沸水温度卤煮20-30min,降温至70℃-85℃焖煮35-45min;最后再将乳鸽提起倒汤,挂在通风处沥干水分;
S5复卤回淋:再将卤鸽置于卤水中煮制,待卤水微滚后维持乳鸽肉中心温度达到60-75℃,浸制2~3 min;接着提起乳鸽,用卤水浇淋其体表,制得卤乳鸽。
作为优选的,在上述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法中,所述的嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15-20份、木瓜蛋白酶0.3-2份,生姜蛋白酶0.2-2份,碳酸氢钠0-6份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
作为优选的,在上述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法中,所述的嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15-20份、木瓜蛋白酶1.5份,生姜蛋白酶1份,碳酸氢钠3份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
作为优选的,在上述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法中,所述腌制剂配方为:食盐8-10份、八角0-2份、花椒0-2份、胡椒0-2份、陈皮0-2份、香叶 0-1份、茴香1-3份。
作为优选的,在上述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法中,所述卤料由以下重量份的原料组成:八角2-4份、花椒1-3份、胡椒3-6份;桂皮5-8份、陈皮6-10份、香叶1-4份、茴香5-8份、甘草5-8份、姜6-9份。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
1.本发明利用木瓜蛋白酶、生姜蛋白酶、碳酸氢钠作为复配嫩化液,进行适度水解,辅以注液腌制方式对乳鸽进行处理,使肌肉纤维适度分散,促进肌红蛋白溶出,提高其嫩度和保水性。木瓜蛋白酶和生姜蛋白酶使鸽肉Z线断裂,肌原纤维出现小片化,嫩化肉质。但酶的过量使用会导致肌原纤维间的空隙太大而不能锁住水分,导致汁液流失率大且肉质老化严重。因此,通过加入碳酸氢钠,一方面提高肉的持水力,另一方面其水溶液的弱碱性可以适当提高乳鸽的pH,提高蛋白酶的嫩化效率,降低酶用量。
2.采用注液方式,将嫩化液注入鸽肉中,使其能迅速渗入鸽肉,实现快速嫩化,提高生产效率。
3、通过复卤回淋,促使鸽肉和表皮紧实,肉质入味锁汁,入味均匀,同时增加乳鸽的光泽,使其在色、香、味、质达到理想的效果。
4、本发明所用原料无污染无毒害,符合食品添加剂使用标准,而且工艺简
单,效果明显,具有广阔的工业应用前景和经济价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述,但本发明实施方法不限于此。
实施例1:
S1嫩化:将乳鸽洗净、去脏。向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,注射时间10min,注入方法是用注射针插入鸽肉各个部分;滚揉15min后,静止30min;嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15份、木瓜蛋白酶0.3份,生姜蛋白酶0.2份、碳酸氢钠0.6份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
S2低温干腌:将腌制剂混合后打碎成粉末状,搅拌均匀,涂抹在乳鸽的表皮和内腔。用保鲜膜密封后,放置于4℃冰箱中,腌制30 min。腌制剂配料为:食盐8份、八角1份、花椒1份、胡椒1份、陈皮1份、香叶 0.5份、茴香1份。
S3制备卤水:将卤料放进锅里用小火炒至变色发香, 取出后用纱布包裹制成香料包。取100份水,加入香料包,调入12份黄酒、10份酱油、6份食用盐和2份砂糖进行大火烧煮,直至沸腾,然后转小火慢炖2h,制备得到卤水。卤料由以下重量份的原料组成:八角2份、花椒1份、胡椒3份,桂皮6份、陈皮7份、香叶1份、茴香6份、甘草5份、姜8份。
S4卤煮:将乳鸽放入煮沸的卤水中,微沸水温度卤煮20min,降温至70℃焖煮35min。最后再将乳鸽提起倒汤,挂在通风处沥干水分。
S5复卤回淋:再将卤鸽置于卤水中煮制, 待卤水微滚后维持乳鸽肉中心温度达到60℃,浸制2 min。接着提起乳鸽,用卤水浇淋其体表,制得卤乳鸽。
实施例2:
S1嫩化:将乳鸽洗净、去脏。向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,注射时间10min,注入方法是用注射针插入鸽肉各个部分;滚揉15min后,静止30min;嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15份、木瓜蛋白酶0.45份,生姜蛋白酶0.3份、碳酸氢钠0.9份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
S2低温干腌:将腌制剂混合后打碎成粉末状,搅拌均匀,涂抹在乳鸽的表皮和内腔。用保鲜膜密封后,放置于4℃冰箱中,腌制30 min。腌制剂配料为:食盐8份、八角1份、花椒1份、胡椒1份、陈皮1份、香叶 0.5份、茴香1份。
S3制备卤水:将卤料放进锅里用小火炒至变色发香, 取出后用纱布包裹制成香料包。取100份水,加入香料包,调入12份黄酒、10份酱油、6份食用盐和2份砂糖进行大火烧煮,直至沸腾,然后转小火慢炖2h,制备得到卤水。卤料由以下重量份的原料组成:八角2份、花椒1份、胡椒3份;桂皮6份、陈皮7份、香叶1份、茴香6份、甘草5份、姜8份。
S4卤煮:将乳鸽放入煮沸的卤水中,微沸水温度卤煮20min,降温至70℃焖煮40min。最后再将乳鸽提起倒汤,挂在通风处沥干水分。
S5复卤回淋:再将卤鸽置于卤水中煮制, 待卤水微滚后维持乳鸽肉中心温度达到70℃,浸制3 min。接着提起乳鸽,用卤水浇淋其体表,制得卤乳鸽。
实施例3
S1嫩化:向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,注射时间20min,注入方法是用注射针插入鸽肉各个部分;滚揉15min后,静止30min;嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15份、木瓜蛋白酶1.5份,生姜蛋白酶0.5份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。其中木瓜蛋白酶、生姜蛋白酶的比例为1.5:1。
S2低温干腌:将腌制剂混合后打碎成粉末状,搅拌均匀,涂抹在乳鸽的表皮和内腔。用保鲜膜密封后,放置于4℃冰箱中,腌制25 min。腌制剂配料为:食盐8份、八角1份、花椒1份、胡椒1份、陈皮1份、香叶 0.5份、茴香1份。
S3制备卤水:将卤料放进锅里用小火炒至变色发香, 取出后用纱布包裹制成香料包。取100份水,加入香料包,调入12份黄酒、10份酱油、6份食用盐和2份砂糖进行大火烧煮,直至沸腾,然后转小火慢炖2h,制备得到卤水。卤料由以下重量份的原料组成:八角2份、花椒2份、胡椒3份,桂皮6份、陈皮7份、香叶1份、茴香8份、甘草5份、姜8份。
S4卤煮:将乳鸽放入煮沸的卤水中,微沸水温度卤煮30min,降温至70℃焖煮35min。最后再将乳鸽提起倒汤,挂在通风处沥干水分。
S5复卤回淋:再将卤鸽置于卤水中煮制, 待卤水微滚后维持乳鸽肉中心温度达到65℃,浸制3 min。接着提起乳鸽,用卤水浇淋其体表,制得卤乳鸽。
对上述实施例1、2、3和市售乳鸽(对比例)的感官评价
选取20位食品专业学生按表1感官评定标准分别对样品(实施例1、2、3)的气味、色泽、滋味、整体性进行评分,感官评分取平均值。感官评分结果见表2。
表1 感官评定标准
项目 | 要求 | 分值 |
色泽 | 具有卤乳鸽应有的色泽(色泽金黄,发亮) | 5 |
滋气味 | 具有卤乳鸽应有的滋味和气味 | 5 |
口感 | 软硬、咸淡适中,肉感香嫩 | 5 |
组织形态 | 组织紧密 | 5 |
杂质 | 无正常视力可见外来杂质 | 5 |
对上述实施例1、2、3和市售乳鸽(对比例)理化指标的测定
剪切力测定:垂直肌肉纤维方向取鸽胸肉,切成 30 mm×30 mm 的正方形片,将肉块在80 ℃水浴中加热到中心温度为 70 ℃时再去测定。使用剪切力探头测定鸽胸肉的剪切力。肌原纤维方向与刀头垂直,剪切速度为 1 mm/s,剪切距离为 25 mm。每个处理组重复 3次,取其平均值。
质构分析:沿垂直于肌纤维方向切取 30 mm×30 mm 的肉样(鸽胸肉),放置于物性测定仪托盘上,校正仪器后,进行测定,所有测定均重复 3 次,结果取平均值。测定参数如下:测试前速度、测试速度和测试后速度都是 60 mm/min;压缩比为 50 %,时间 5 s;触发类型:自动。
汁液流失率:对每块生肉样进行称量(m1),卤制后,用滤纸吸干样品表面的汁液,进行称量m2,则汁液流失率=(m1-m2)/m1×100 %。
表2 卤乳鸽的感官评分结果
样品 | 色泽 | 滋气味 | 口感 | 组织形态 | 杂质 |
实施例1 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5 |
实施例2 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5 | 5 |
实施例3 | 4.5 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 5 |
对比例 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4.3 | 5 |
表3 卤乳鸽理化指标结果
样品 | 剪切力/N | 弹性 | 咀嚼性 | 汁液损失率/% |
实施例1 | 30.73 | 2.95 | 93.4 | 8.01% |
实施例2 | 28.65 | 3.24 | 94.5 | 7.85% |
实施例3 | 28.13 | 3.00 | 93.6 | 12.35% |
对比例 | 36.40 | 2.66 | 75.6 |
通过实施例和对比例感官评价和理化检测数据可以看出,使用本发明制作的卤制乳鸽(实施例1-2)与市售乳鸽(对比例)相比,消费者对本发明喜好增加,本发明的卤乳鸽剪切力明显下降,弹性和咀嚼性大大提高。实施例1-2与实施例3对比,嫩化剂中添加碳酸氢钠后,乳鸽的汁液损失率可减少4.34%-4.5%。因此本发明能改善卤鸽产品的品质,提高肉质嫩度和保水性,具有更佳的口感风味。
Claims (5)
1.一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1嫩化:将乳鸽洗净、去脏:向鸽肉中注入嫩化液,注射时间10~20min,注入方法是用注射针插入鸽肉各个部分;滚揉10-30min后,静止20-30min;
S2低温干腌:将腌制剂混合后打碎成粉末状,搅拌均匀,涂抹在乳鸽的表皮和内腔;用保鲜膜密封后,放置于4-10℃冰箱中,腌制30 min;
S3制备卤水:将卤料放进锅里用小火炒至变色发香, 取出后用纱布包裹制成香料包;取100份水,加入香料包,调入12-16份黄酒、10-15份酱油、6-8份食用盐和2-4份砂糖进行大火烧煮,直至沸腾,然后转小火慢炖2-3h,制备得到卤水;
S4卤煮:将乳鸽放入煮沸的卤水中,微沸水温度卤煮20-30min,降温至70℃-85℃焖煮35-45min;最后再将乳鸽提起倒汤,挂在通风处沥干水分;
S5复卤回淋:再将卤鸽置于卤水中煮制,待卤水微滚后维持乳鸽肉中心温度达到60-75℃,浸制2~3 min;接着提起乳鸽,用卤水浇淋其体表,制得卤乳鸽。
2.如权利要求1所述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,其特征在于,所述的嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15-20份、木瓜蛋白酶0.3-2份,生姜蛋白酶0.2-2份,碳酸氢钠0-6份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
3.如权利要求1所述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,其特征在于,所述的嫩化液由以下重量份的原料组成:盐15-20份、木瓜蛋白酶1.5份,生姜蛋白酶1份,碳酸氢钠3份,加入清水配制为100ml的嫩化液。
4.如权利要求1所述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,其特征在于,所述腌制剂配方为:食盐8-10份、八角0-2份、花椒0-2份、胡椒0-2份、陈皮0-2份、香叶 0-1份、茴香1-3份。
5.如权利要求1所述的嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法,其特征在于,所述卤料由以下重量份的原料组成:八角2-4份、花椒1-3份、胡椒3-6份;桂皮5-8份、陈皮6-10份、香叶1-4份、茴香5-8份、甘草5-8份、姜6-9份。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910539783.3A CN110236124A (zh) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | 一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910539783.3A CN110236124A (zh) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | 一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110236124A true CN110236124A (zh) | 2019-09-17 |
Family
ID=67888547
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910539783.3A Pending CN110236124A (zh) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | 一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110236124A (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112219997A (zh) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-15 | 温州市顶诺食品有限公司 | 一种牛排的泡腌加工工艺 |
CN112586680A (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 浏阳市甜厨食品有限公司 | 一种肥肠加工设备及工艺 |
CN115191565A (zh) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-18 | 厦门傲农食品有限公司 | 一种改善猪后腿肉嫩度的方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050048166A1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2005-03-03 | Novozymes A/S | Compositions and methods for tenderizing meat |
CN101664199A (zh) * | 2008-09-01 | 2010-03-10 | 魏洪侠 | 一种风味盐水鸭加工方法 |
CN102599541A (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市玉山食品有限公司 | 一种风味乳鸽的生产方法 |
CN104146277A (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-11-19 | 安徽刘郎食品有限公司 | 一种肉质嫰化剂 |
CN104839755A (zh) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-19 | 徐亚萍 | 一种采用远红外线烤制麻辣乳鸽的制备方法 |
CN104905281A (zh) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-16 | 内蒙古独伊佳食品有限公司 | 一种嫩化风干牛肉的制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-06-21 CN CN201910539783.3A patent/CN110236124A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050048166A1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2005-03-03 | Novozymes A/S | Compositions and methods for tenderizing meat |
CN101664199A (zh) * | 2008-09-01 | 2010-03-10 | 魏洪侠 | 一种风味盐水鸭加工方法 |
CN102599541A (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市玉山食品有限公司 | 一种风味乳鸽的生产方法 |
CN104146277A (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-11-19 | 安徽刘郎食品有限公司 | 一种肉质嫰化剂 |
CN104905281A (zh) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-16 | 内蒙古独伊佳食品有限公司 | 一种嫩化风干牛肉的制备方法 |
CN104839755A (zh) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-19 | 徐亚萍 | 一种采用远红外线烤制麻辣乳鸽的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
李祥睿: "论牛肉嫩度的控制", 《扬州大学烹饪学报》 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112219997A (zh) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-15 | 温州市顶诺食品有限公司 | 一种牛排的泡腌加工工艺 |
CN112586680A (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 浏阳市甜厨食品有限公司 | 一种肥肠加工设备及工艺 |
CN112586680B (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2024-03-22 | 湖南顺餐食品有限公司 | 一种肥肠加工设备及工艺 |
CN115191565A (zh) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-18 | 厦门傲农食品有限公司 | 一种改善猪后腿肉嫩度的方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101715974B (zh) | 一种酱鸭的制作方法 | |
CN103156205B (zh) | 发酵鸡肉及其制作方法 | |
CN103315325B (zh) | 一种卤牛肉及其制作方法 | |
CN103393135B (zh) | 一种滋补凤爪的制备方法 | |
CN110236124A (zh) | 一种嫩化鸽肉的卤制方法 | |
CN104187772A (zh) | 一种牛排的制作方法 | |
CN101176559A (zh) | 一种低组胺萨拉米香肠加工用发酵剂及其使用方法 | |
CN104970403A (zh) | 一种凝胶型鱼汤产品及其生产工艺 | |
CN107410929A (zh) | 一种卤牛肉制作方法及所用注射腌制装置 | |
CN106072197A (zh) | 一种泡椒山竹笋及其制作方法 | |
CN107568624A (zh) | 发酵肉制品及保鲜加工方法 | |
CN110521943A (zh) | 一种天然防腐酱牛肉的加工方法 | |
CN104172264A (zh) | 一种酱猪肉的制作方法 | |
CN105124544A (zh) | 一种牛排用番茄酱汁 | |
CN106942616A (zh) | 一种牛干巴的加工方法 | |
CN105054104A (zh) | 一种酱卤鸡肉的加工方法 | |
CN111543595A (zh) | 一种定量卤制酱猪肘的制作方法 | |
CN103549474A (zh) | 药膳手撕鸡及其制备方法 | |
KR20110044371A (ko) | 양념 소스를 이용한 양고기 조리방법, 그 조리방법에 의해 제조된 양고기, 및 양고기 포장육 제조방법 | |
CN107736572A (zh) | 手工酱肉的制备方法 | |
CN106562243A (zh) | 一种保健型梅香即食腊肉及其制作方法 | |
CN110214928A (zh) | 清火牛肉酱及其制备方法 | |
CN105166603B (zh) | 一种改善鲟鱼肉腥味的处理方法及制备的鲟鱼肉片 | |
CN104187810A (zh) | 一种鹅肉的加工方法 | |
CN106578974A (zh) | 一种客家咸肉及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190917 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |