CN1101785A - 由冶金炉渣制造水泥的方法 - Google Patents
由冶金炉渣制造水泥的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A nonacalcium;magnesium;hydrogen phosphate;iron(2+);hexaphosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Fe+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052591 whitlockite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]O[Mn]=O GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052840 fayalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012803 melt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 rawLime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B5/00—Treatment of metallurgical slag ; Artificial stone from molten metallurgical slag
- C04B5/06—Ingredients, other than water, added to the molten slag or to the granulating medium or before remelting; Treatment with gases or gas generating compounds, e.g. to obtain porous slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
- C21B2400/076—Fluidised bed for cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
由冶金炉渣制造水泥的方法,其中将来自还原过
程和炼钢过程的液态炉渣例如高炉炉渣和转炉炉渣
相互混合,并掺入石灰,在第一冷却阶段于1000℃以
上,优选1200℃以上温度下以慢于随后的第二冷却
阶段的速率冷却,并将所得凝固产物造粒和/或磨
碎,以直接得到改进了水硬性质、尤其提高了最终强
度的水泥。
Description
本发明涉及由冶金炉渣制造α′-B盐(2CaO·SiO2)含量高且最终强度高的水泥熟料和特种粘合剂的方法,其中来自还原过程(酸性炉渣)和炼钢过程(碱性炉渣)的液态炉渣例如高炉炉渣和转炉炉渣相互混合,需要时再掺入石灰。
除了传统的硅酸盐水泥之外,在狭义上讲,按照其具体性质,矿渣水泥已经具有重要意义。从狭义上讲,矿渣水泥是石膏、水泥熟料和高炉炉渣的磨细的混合物。像硅酸盐水泥那样,它一般含有一些石膏来调整凝结时间,其中含低于约30%高炉炉渣的混合物叫作矿渣硅酸盐水泥,而在高炉炉渣含量更高时才称为高炉渣水泥。
在高炉中冶炼生铁时,或按其它的冶金还原过程,大部分为铁的氧化物的铁矿石与固体燃料相混合,如与焦炭混合,被加热到约1600℃温度。在使用高炉还原铁矿石的情况下,一般不会放弃焦炭和高值含碳材料。在其它已知的还原过程中,至少要部分地混入廉价的炉料煤。通过合适的炉渣调整至少可以将在这种情况下经常见到的炉料煤的高硫含量大部分带入炉渣中。氧化铁中的氧在这种还原过程中与焦炭中的碳或炉料煤中的碳结合成为CO2和CO,形成一种以液体形式分开的铁水熔池。
但是,由于铁矿石中不仅含有铁的氧化物,而且含有许多杂质,即所谓的脉石,必须将这些杂质分离出去,这些杂质基本上是粘土性的,且由硅酸和氧化铝组成。这种由硅酸和氧化铝组成的混合物的熔点通常都比铁的熔点高一些,为了改进其可分离性,在还原工艺中就必须相应地降低这种由硅酸和氧化铝组成的混合物的熔点。为此目的掺入配料石灰,以便得到一种由石灰、硅酸和氧化铝组成的比较容易熔化的混合物,它会形成炉渣熔体,并飘浮在较重的铁熔体上。以后该炉渣可以同铁一样有时排出。
必须考虑冶金参数自然地选择石灰料,可以调节到并非唯一的所需的炉渣组成。高炉炉渣是一种与硅酸盐水泥熟料非常相近的物料,因为硅酸盐水泥熟料的主要成分也具有石灰、硅酸和氧化铝。硅酸盐水泥的石灰含量大都高于高炉炉渣,但若向炉渣中掺入那么多石灰,使其达到硅酸盐水泥的组成,则会使混合物的熔点明显提高,这将会使高炉中所需的炉渣反应非常难以进行,或者将导致碱循环和炉瘤。
因此,具体可达到的高炉炉渣的组成取决于矿石脉石的组成,当然也取决于所掺石灰的杂质。例如在高炉冶炼过程中使用石灰石,它具有高的白云石含量,因此,除钙之外还将镁带入炉渣中。
总之,考虑到试图得到相对较低的熔点,因此不能随便加入炉渣,以便得到一种可以生产高值水泥的合适的熟料。
除了高炉炉渣,冶金过程中也形成转炉炉渣,与高炉炉渣相比,它的氧化铁和金属铁含量要高得多,在磨成相应的炉渣熟料后,水硬性质一般不如高炉炉渣。由于会形成爆炸气( ),转炉炉渣的水法造粒极其危险。此外,已知加入一定的物质,例如生石灰、氢氧化钙或石膏,可以大大加快矿渣硅酸盐水泥或高炉渣水泥的凝固行为。用硫酸盐激发高炉炉渣,尤其是激发硫酸盐水泥,优点是凝固速度特别快。
DE-PS1646685公开了将来自LD转炉的炉渣与高炉炉渣一起用于共同烧结。DE-OS 2611889已提出,将废金属料与石灰一起氧化熔化,接着形成的熔体可以骤冷成一种颗粒,最后加入石膏将颗粒磨成水泥。特别是作为本发明出发点的最后提到的方法已经使用了熔体的潜热,原因是废金属料可以合适的熔体混合物形式,例如作为高炉炉渣和炼钢炉渣,与冶炼废料浆和其它添加物一起使用。
本发明的目的在于,开创一种开头所述类型的方法,该方法可在利用炼钢厂通常方式运行的工艺中产生的潜热的情况下影响所得水泥熟料的质量,使得能够直接得到水硬性质得到改进的水泥或特种粘合剂。
该任务的解决方案是由开头所述类型的方法出发,在第一冷却阶段于1000℃以上,优选1200℃以上的温度下以比紧接着的第二冷却阶段更慢的速度冷却,并将得到的凝固产物造粒和/或磨碎。调整到所需的熔体混合比后,充分利用在高炉或炼钢过程形成的液态炉渣的潜热,在第一冷却阶段缓慢冷却,由此可能在冷却期间较大程度地形成对于水硬性质所需的相,特别是A盐相和B盐(2CaO·SiO2)相,而尤其是白硅钙石,并加速相应的晶体生长。制造特种粘合剂时仅将高炉炉渣与炼钢炉渣混合,尤其高的氧化铁含量会导致最高值α′-B盐(2CaO·SiO2)相。在1000℃以上,优选1200℃以上温度下放置一段时间后才快速冷却,然后将所得凝固产物造粒和/或磨碎。另外,这种工艺方法的优点是,在第一冷却阶段可用空气作冷却介质,并可相应加热,因此又可为燃烧过程提供一种以预热的燃烧用空气形式的可直接利用的潜热。再者,通过第一次延迟的冷却,大大简化了进一步的冷却,尤其是造粒。在第一冷却阶段进行相应冷却时,需要的话可以用富氧空气冷却,接着可以冒更小的危险甚至在水中进行冷却,因为在炼钢炉渣中分散的所有金属铁都会氧化,从而不再可能与水形成爆炸气,因而可以分解得很细并简化此后的磨碎工序。
以加入液态炉渣所造成的明显较高的起始温度为前提,可以有利地实施本发明的方法,以消除不希望有的碱过剩。通过与Ca含量高的组分相混合,按下述机理排除了碱:
Na2O和/或NaCl在占优势的温度下蒸发。
Na2O和/或K2O与炉渣熔体上方可能较高的CO2-分压反应,成为钾碱或苏打,成为或许可上市的产品。
为此,向熔体加入氯化物和/或含氯废料是有优点的,由此可排出碱金属氯化物及重金属氯化物,在一个相应的气体净化中分离并除去。这里首先可用氯化钙作氯化物。这样降低钠和钾的含量,可以明显改进所得水泥的质量,并减少不需要的碱聚集反应。
为了将由高炉和其它炼钢过程例如LD转炉得到的熔融态炉渣调到相应的所需的高温,可充分利用与所添加石灰的放热反应,其中这样进行是有利的:将熔体通过与氧化钙的放热反应调节到1700℃以上的温度,由此使混合和均匀化变得相当容易。将LD转炉炉渣与高炉炉渣混合时,由于碱度(CaO/SiO2之比)不同已产生一种极大的混合焓。混合温度这时升至约1900℃,这已经导致了可能添加的石灰石至少部分的煅烧(排出CO2)。此时熔体的粘度可通过添加CaF2而有利地降低。
若使用比例为30-80%(重量)高炉炉渣对20-70%(重量)转炉炉渣的高炉和转炉炉渣熔体,可以得到一种可进一步磨成水泥的非常好的水泥熟料。
第一次缓慢冷却在第一冷却阶段用一个离心机叶轮借助空气有利地进行冷却,因此在形成铁橄榄石和/或铁素体相的情况下已实现游离铁的氧化并实现预粉碎。紧接着第一冷却阶段可有利地用水蒸汽和/或水冷却,这时考虑到温度已相当低,可以毫无危险地进行该操作过程。
为了保证在熔融熟料中形成所需的组织成分和所需的晶体结构,可使熔融熟料进入一个流化床或一个串联流化床,用每千克熟料1.5至3.5Nm3冷却用空气冷却15至40分钟,优选25至30分钟,使之凝固成直径小于4mm、优选约2.5mm的熟料颗粒,其中,为了改善能量平衡,采用在900℃至1100℃温度下排出的冷却用空气用作预热的燃烧用空气是有利的。
下面用实施例详细说明本发明的方法:
将30吨熔融状态的高炉炉渣与20吨LD炉渣混合,此时通过加入一种CaO/CaCO3混合物使温度达到约1800℃。剧烈混合后,使熔体经过一个离心机叶轮,用空气冷却30分钟,因此形成所需的晶体结构。第一次冷却后,进一步用水蒸汽冷却。水泥的分析值如下(重量%)
Al2O3 5.51%
MgO 1.15%
SiO2 21.9%
CaO 65.7%
Fe2O3 3.0%
Mn2O3 0.12%
SO3 0.14%
P2O5 0.49%
K2O 0.60%
Na2O 0.72%
对另一个实施例(制造白硅钙石-熟料),将15吨1600℃的热LD炉渣与8吨1500℃的热高炉炉渣混合,以便在不加石灰的情况下制造一种特殊粘合剂。这时混合物温度上升到大约1900℃。现实的化学分析值为:
SiO2 22.1%
Al2O3 5.5%
Fe2O3 15.2%
CaO 43.7%
MgO 5.8%
SO3 1.1%
K2O 0.17%
Na2O 0.05%
TiO2 0.38%
Mn2O3 4.5%
P2O5 0.59%
半定量矿物分析得出下列各相:
~10%四架晶格的一氧化铁(FeO)
~50%白硅钙石(α′-B盐(2CaO·SiO2))
其余为无定形的(玻璃)。
这表明,上述混合物比例对于白硅钙石-熟料制造是最佳的。无论如何,Fe2O3含量应为10%(重量)以上,因为这可以稳定亚稳态的α′-B盐(2CaO·SiO2)(白硅钙石)。白硅钙石即是那种形式的B盐(2CaO·SiO2),它在纯净形式下仅至1450℃是稳定的,但低于该温度即为亚稳态的,很容易分解。可以发现,相对较高的Fe2O3含量对白硅钙石相起稳定作用。P2O5也起类似作用。从水泥工艺角度看,白硅钙石是最有价值的B盐(2CaO·SiO2)形式。
Claims (9)
1.由冶金炉渣制造水泥的方法,其中使来自还原过程和炼钢过程的液态炉渣例如高炉炉渣和转炉炉渣相互混合,在需要的情况下再掺入石灰,其特征在于,在第一冷却阶段于1000℃以上、优选1200℃以上温度下以慢于随后的第二冷却阶段的速率冷却,并将所得凝固的产物造粒和/或磨碎。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,添加氯化物和/或含氯废料。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征是,通过与CaO的放热反应将熔体温度调整到1700℃以上。
4.按照权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其特征是,通过添加CaF2降低熔体的粘度。
5.按照权利要求1至4中之一所述的方法,其特征是,采用比例为30-80%(重量)高炉炉渣对20-70%(重量)转炉炉渣的高炉和转炉炉渣熔体。
6.按照权利要求1至5中之一所述的方法,其特征是,在第一冷却阶段借助一个离心机叶轮用空气进行冷却。
7.按照权利要求1至6中之一所述的方法,其特征是,紧接着第一冷却阶段后用水蒸汽和/或水冷却。
8.按照权利要求1至7中之一所述的方法,其特征是,将熔融熟料送入一个流化床或一个串联流化床,用每千克熟料1.5至3.5Nm3的冷却用空气冷却15至40分钟,优选25至30分钟,使其凝固成直径小于4mm、优选大约2.5mm的熟料颗粒。
9.按照权利要求8所述的方法,其特征是,用在900℃至1100℃温度下排出的冷却用空气作为预热的燃烧用空气。
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CN102264664A (zh) * | 2008-09-10 | 2011-11-30 | 公州大学校产学协力团 | 含有雾化钢渣的聚合物混凝土组成物及其制造方法 |
CN102382912A (zh) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-03-21 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | 一种处理高炉渣的方法 |
CN109923086A (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-06-21 | 德国莱歇公司 | 用于处理和活化钢厂炉渣的方法 |
CN109923086B (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2021-08-20 | 德国莱歇公司 | 用于处理和活化钢厂炉渣的方法 |
CN111587296A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-08-25 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | 连续制造凝固的炼钢炉渣的方法和相关的装置 |
CN111587296B (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2022-03-04 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | 连续制造凝固的炼钢炉渣的方法和相关的装置 |
US11708302B2 (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2023-07-25 | Arcelormittal | Method of continuous manufacturing of solidified steelmaking slag and associated device |
CN112080598A (zh) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-15 | 内蒙古科技大学 | 综合利用钢铁冶炼炉渣资源的方法及系统和高炉渣罐 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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SK114494A3 (en) | 1995-02-08 |
EP0632791A1 (de) | 1995-01-11 |
HUT68269A (en) | 1995-06-28 |
AT398419B (de) | 1994-12-27 |
CA2132090A1 (en) | 1994-07-27 |
AU674725B2 (en) | 1997-01-09 |
CA2132090C (en) | 2000-10-03 |
ATA12693A (de) | 1994-04-15 |
CZ281875B6 (cs) | 1997-03-12 |
ATE152086T1 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
RU2111183C1 (ru) | 1998-05-20 |
DE59402489D1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
KR950700862A (ko) | 1995-02-20 |
WO1994017006A1 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
SK279299B6 (sk) | 1998-09-09 |
RU94042717A (ru) | 1996-07-20 |
CZ230894A3 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
KR0152120B1 (ko) | 1998-10-15 |
HU213652B (en) | 1997-09-29 |
AU5875494A (en) | 1994-08-15 |
ES2102820T3 (es) | 1997-08-01 |
BR9403855A (pt) | 1999-06-01 |
US5516357A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
VN277A1 (en) | 1996-10-25 |
EP0632791B1 (de) | 1997-04-23 |
GR3023870T3 (en) | 1997-09-30 |
TR27513A (tr) | 1995-06-07 |
DK0632791T3 (da) | 1997-10-27 |
ZA94521B (en) | 1994-09-05 |
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