CN110140628A - A kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium - Google Patents
A kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110140628A CN110140628A CN201910572567.9A CN201910572567A CN110140628A CN 110140628 A CN110140628 A CN 110140628A CN 201910572567 A CN201910572567 A CN 201910572567A CN 110140628 A CN110140628 A CN 110140628A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/63—Orchids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium, belongs to Orchis planting technical field.This method before (1) tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet including managing: gradually reinforcing bottle seedling illumination and carries out hardening；(2) bottle outlet is handled: carrying out cleaning and sterilizing to bottle seedling；(3) it transplants: being cultivated under the conditions of the high temperature and humidity that air humidity is 82-90%, day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, it controls in daily 24 hours, the total time that intensity of illumination is 20000-30000lux is 4-6 hours, the total time that intensity of illumination is 6000-9000lux is 6-8 hours, and seedling culture hole plate is rotated 60 ° -180 ° by every 1-3 days；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 3-5 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, primary in conjunction with watering, fertilizing when every 2-3 watering, and every 25-28 days to a Chinese cymbidium insecticidal solution of sprinkling；Method of the invention can obtain higher Chinese cymbidium hair seedling rate, and orchid Miao Jianzhuan, adaptive faculty are strong.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to Orchis planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium.
[background technique]
Orchid is always liked by people with its graceful posture, graceful romantic charm, charming delicate fragrance, is become the successive dynasties
The refined scholars cultivates the moral character and nourishes the nature, the symbol looked down upon the world of giving expression to one's feelings, and the poem in relation to orchid, painting and calligraphy are innumerable since ancient times.Confucius once felt
Sigh: " irises and orchids are born in deep valley, not with nobody without virtue；Gentleman cultivates oneself according to a religious doctrine vertical moral, does not change section because of destitute ", bent original is in " Lisao "
Liken the gentleman that conduct is noble and unsullied, the clear bone of body is proud with it, sighing with deep feeling for Zhang Yu " feeling are former less, hold to obtain many perfume (or spice) " even more causes not
The sympathetic response of few people, blue culture become the important component of traditional Chinese culture.Especially in recent years, with market economy
Development, orchid fan is more and more, supports blue reward orchid and becomes common practise.Chinese cymbidium Cymbidium sinense, belongs to orchid family Cymbidium
Cymbidium originates in China, Vietnam and Burma also known as China blue, year-report orchid.It is used as in Chinese cymbidium production more and sees leaf potted flower culture,
Its is various in style, plant type is graceful and the first month of the lunar year blooms, and is favored by people, and is common one of the traditional cultivation orchid type in China.
In the planting process of Chinese cymbidium, the hair seedling rate of Chinese cymbidium is improved, significant economic benefit can be brought, is Orchis planting quotient
One of the target that family and common blue friend pursue jointly.Send out seedling rate and blue kind, the strong thin of fragrant thoroughwort, plantation plant material, water and fertilizer management,
The prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, environment many aspects such as illuminance have relationship.Existing trade company covets to pursue economic interests
The growth of Chinese cymbidium is stimulated using plant hormone, to obtain higher return, but issue seedling is mostly weak seedling sick seedling, be difficult
The environment in general blue friendly family is adapted to, Zhong Houlan seedling plays burnt sharp blackspot, and some more kinds are smaller, or even dead.
[summary of the invention]
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of high temperature and humidity breeding training of Chinese cymbidium
The method of supporting can obtain higher Chinese cymbidium hair seedling rate, and orchid Miao Jianzhuan, adaptive faculty are strong.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium, comprising the following steps:
(1) it is managed before tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet: before opening seedling taking, first gradually reinforcing tissue-cultured seedling illumination and carry out hardening, tool
Body are as follows: the 1-5 days, by illumination gradually from tissue culture when 2000lux increase to 3500lux；The 6-12 days, by illumination gradually from
3500lux increases to 10000lux；The 13-20 days, illumination is gradually increased into natural lighting condition from 10000lux；Then exist
In natural lighting, unclamp bottle cap at least hardening 3 days, then open bottle cap at least hardening 3 days；
(2) bottle outlet is handled: Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling being taken out from bottle, the bottle seedling for being suitble to transplanting is selected to adhere to root in clear water
Culture medium clean up；Then whole strain tissue-cultured seedling is immersed in the carbendazol that mass concentration is 0.3-0.5% 8-10 points
Clock carries out disinfection, and dries in the air at shady and cool ventilation to root and whitens after being then rinsed with water completely；
(3) it transplants: being 82- in air humidity by Chinese cymbidium transplantation of seedlings after processing in the flowerpot equipped with cultivation matrix
90%, it is cultivated under the conditions of the high temperature and humidity that day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, in control daily 24 hours, intensity of illumination 20000-
The total time of 30000lux is 4-6 hours, and the total time that intensity of illumination is 6000-9000lux is 6-8 hours, and every 1-3 days will
Seedling culture hole plate rotates 60 ° -180 °；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 3-5 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, and when every 2-3 watering combines
Watering, fertilizing is primary, sprays an insecticidal solution to Chinese cymbidium within every 25-28 days；
Wherein, the cultivation matrix includes basis plant material, moisturizing plant material and the ventilative plant material that mass ratio is 5:3-4:2, institute
It states basis and plants material by weight mainly by 80-100 parts of wine brewer's grains, 20-30 parts of cow dung, 20-30 parts of rabbit excrement, kelp residue 15-
20 parts, 12-18 parts of rice husk, loose 12-18 parts of squama, 18-25 parts of water peanut, after mixing post-fermentation 15-25 days of 0.3-0.5 parts of EM bacterium solution
It obtains；It is that 10-12:1 mixing forms that the moisturizing plants material by peat soil and durian shell particulate material by weight；The ventilative plant
Material is one of haydite, perlite or vermiculite；
Wherein, when the combination watering, fertilizing, the water poured contains following component by weight: 500-600 parts of biogas slurry, corruption
2-4 parts of phytic acid, 0.03-0.05 parts of glycyrrhizic acid, 0.02-0.03 parts of squalene, 8-10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 0.5-0.8 parts of coriander seed oil,
0.5-0.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5-0.8 parts of potassium nitrate, amino acid chelated iron 0.08-0.10
Part, 0.1-0.2 parts of boric acid, 0.05-0.08 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.2 parts of threonine, 0.3-0.5 parts of sodium molybdate, paclobutrazol 0.1-
0.2 part, 1-2 parts of OP-10,400-500 parts of water.
Preferably, the bottle seedling for selecting suitable transplanting, which refers to, selects plant height 7-10cm, radical for 3-5 item, root long 4-
6cm, every plant of bottle seedling for having a blade 3-6 piece.Select the good seedling of plant type, make follow-up cultivation set out seedling rate Chinese cymbidium seedling probability
Increase.
Preferably, the durian shell particulate material is prepared by the following method to obtain: will eat remaining durian first
Shell is ground into durian shell powder after drying spare；Silane coupling agent is weighed according to the 1.5-2.0% of durian shell powder weight, by silane idol
Join agent and be configured to solution with dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution A；Durian shell powder is put into solution A, 70-80 DEG C at a temperature of, with
600-800 revs/min of speed stirs 1-1.5 hours, obtains modified solution B；It will be obtained after dehydrated alcohol evaporation in modified solution B
Mixture C；Sodium Polyacrylate, mixture C, potassium superphosphate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 20-35:80-100:1, in twin-screw
It squeezes out, be granulated in extruder, is dry, obtaining durian shell particulate material.
Preferably, the kelp residue is the residue after laminaria production sodium alginate.
Preferably, allicin 0.3%-0.5%, fluorine chlorine ether pyrethroids 0.5-0.8%, carbendazim are contained in the insecticidal solution
0.2-0.3%.
Preferably, the requirement when insecticidal solution sprays is to squirt the blade of all Chinese cymbidiums.
It preferably, is that the humidity of planting environment is made to keep 82-90% by using spraying device in incubation.
Preferably, the yellow cinnamon leaf needs to smash pulp before use.
Method of the invention by substep, gradually reinforces the mode of illumination when Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling is taken out from tissue culture bottle
Hardening improves tissue-cultured seedling to the adaptability of external environmental condition, improves its photosynthetic ability, promotes tissue-cultured seedling healthy and strong.
For Chinese cymbidium seedling in transplanting, cultivation matrix used is obtained through everfermentation, has air-permeable, hydrophobic, draining water-retaining property
Advantage good, humectation is good, and there is certain fertility.The cultivation matrix plants material and ventilative plant material group by basis plant material, moisturizing
At wherein material is planted on basis mixes post-fermentation by wine brewer's grains, cow dung, rabbit excrement, kelp residue, rice husk, loose squama, water peanut, EM bacterium solution
It obtains, wine brewer's grains is good organic fertilizer, it, which is admixed soil, can make to plant material in weak acidic condition, improves and plants dough burl
Structure is conducive to penetrating and root system the extension of the fertilizer, water, gas of Chinese cymbidium root system；Cow dung, rabbit excrement, rice husk, loose squama, water peanut can mention
For rich and varied organic matter, kelp residue is the residue after laminaria production sodium alginate, unemployed containing kelp
50% or so nutritional ingredient, wherein being rich in iodine, the inorganic nutrient salts such as calcium, iron, zinc.The peat soil in material is planted in moisturizing to be had preferably
Water retention property, but its water absorption is not big enough, gas permeability is not strong, and water it is dry after be easy hardened, be not easy to inhale again after hardened, and pomegranate
Lotus shell particulate material is that the coupling on surface is first carried out using coupling agent, then composite polypropylene acid sodium, peroxophosphoric acid according to a certain percentage
Potassium, the obtained material with superhigh hydroscopicity, absorption speed is fast, and water absorption capacity is big, good water-retaining property, can inhale repeatedly after water is dry
Water；The shortcomings that addition durian shell particle can improve peat soil can make to plant and expect the profit being maintained for a long time without wet state.Thoroughly
The addition that gas plants material keeps cultivation matrix gas permeability more preferable.
The present invention also combines watering to carry out root in watering and fills fertilising material, and each nutritional ingredient rational proportion in fertilizer is fitted
The growth and development demand of Chinese cymbidium is closed, wherein adding paclobutrazol, inhibits stalk elongation, while promoting the development of root, avoids in height
Under warm super-humid conditions, plant cauline leaf and root are elongated thin and weak, are conducive to strong sprout；In addition, under the condition of high temperature and high humidity, Chinese cymbidium root holds
It is subject to root rot, glycyrrhizic acid, squalene, yellow cinnamon leaf, coriander seed oil share pouring root can be to avoid the generation of root root rot.
The growth of Chinese cymbidium also has much relations with the illumination of environment, and ambient lighting is strong, and blue strain is thick and strong, and plant type is short, leaf color
It is light, Yi Qihua, but it is not high to send out seedling rate；Illumination is weak, and Lan Miaofa seedling rate is slightly higher, but plant type is tall and big, and reed head is not strengthened, and is not easy to rocket, and resists
Sick ability is poor, adapts to behind ring change border slow.Keep the existing hair seedling rate of Chinese cymbidium healthy and strong again, it is critically important to give reasonable illumination, this
The illumination solution of invention is able to maintain Chinese cymbidium with high hair seedling rate while guaranteeing Chinese cymbidium seedling stalwartness.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Method of the invention effectively manages Chinese cymbidium seedling since the tissue-culture container seedling stage, in the item of overall high temperature and humidity
By control illumination, cultivation matrix, watering, fertilizing, the factors such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control under part, can by the average hair seedling number of Chinese cymbidium from
2-3 seedling is improved to 12 seedlings；In incubation, due to having used dedicated plant to expect and pest control method, the stem rot of Chinese cymbidium
It is low with the incidence of other diseases；Orchid Miao Jianzhuan obtained by this method, adaptive faculty is strong, and disease resistance is strong, adapts in Lan Youjia
Environment.
[specific embodiment]
In order to more clearly express the present invention, below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
It is prepared by the fermentation of cultivation matrix:
1. material is planted on basis: taking 80 parts of wine brewer's grains, 20 parts of cow dung, 20 parts of rabbit excrement, 15 parts of kelp residue, rice husk 12 by weight
Part, loose 12 parts of squama, 18 parts of water peanut, 0.3 part of EM bacterium solution；By 100 milliliters of clear water and 20 grams of brown sugar, 50 milliliters of EM bacterium solution, prepare
At fermentation liquid；It is 30% that cow dung, rabbit excrement, which are air-dried to water content,；Water peanut is chopped into length less than 2 centimetres；By grape wine
Slag, cow dung, rabbit excrement, kelp residue, rice husk, loose squama, water peanut mixing are mixed thoroughly, cement floor upper berth at be about 2 meters, it is about 1.5 meters wide,
Thick 20 centimetres of fertile heap, sprays fermentation liquid on fertile heap, in the same way, the second layer and sprinkling fermentation liquid is repaved above；
After each composting spreads 5 layers, plastic film fermentation is covered above.It is stirred when temperature is raised to 50 DEG C -60 DEG C in fertilizer heap primary.
Mixing obtains base matrix after post-fermentation 25 days；
2. material is planted in moisturizing: will eat that be ground into durian shell powder after remaining durian shell is dried spare；According to durian shell powder weight
The 1.5% of amount weighs Silane coupling agent KH550, and silane coupling agent is configured to solution with dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution A；By durian
Shell powder is put into solution A, 70-80 DEG C at a temperature of, stirred 1 hour with 600 revs/min of speed, obtain modified solution B；
Mixture C will be obtained after dehydrated alcohol evaporation in modified solution B；By Sodium Polyacrylate, mixture C, potassium superphosphate according to 20:
The mass ratio of 80:1 mixes, and squeezes out, is granulated in double screw extruder, is dry, obtaining durian shell particulate material.By durian shell particle
Material to obtain moisturizing plant material according to mixing by weight for 10:1 with peat soil.
3. mixing: material, moisturizing plant material and vermiculite are planted into basis and is mixed according to mass ratio for 5:3:2, cultivation matrix is obtained, to
With.
The rapid propagation cultivation of Chinese cymbidium:
(1) it is managed before tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet: before opening seedling taking, first gradually reinforcing tissue-cultured seedling illumination and carry out hardening, tool
Body are as follows: the 1-5 days, by illumination gradually from tissue culture when 2000lux increase to 3500lux；The 6-12 days, by illumination gradually from
3500lux increases to 10000lux；The 13-20 days, illumination is gradually increased into natural lighting condition from 10000lux；Then exist
In natural lighting, unclamp bottle cap hardening 3 days, then open bottle cap hardening 3 days；
(2) bottle outlet is handled: Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling being taken out from bottle, selects plant height 7-10cm, radical for 3-5 item, root long 4-
6cm, every plant of bottle seedling for having a blade 3-6 piece, clean up the culture medium that root is adhered in clear water；Then by whole strain tissue-cultured seedling
It is immersed in the carbendazol that mass concentration is 0.3% and carries out disinfection for 8 minutes, after being then rinsed with water completely at shady and cool ventilation
It dries in the air to root and whitens；
(3) it transplants: by Chinese cymbidium transplantation of seedlings after processing in the flowerpot equipped with cultivation matrix, by using spraying device
The humidity of planting environment is set to keep cultivating under the conditions of 82-90%, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature of high temperature and humidity, control daily 24
In hour, the total time that intensity of illumination is 20000-30000lux is 4 hours, and intensity of illumination is the total time of 6000-9000lux
It is 8 hours, and seedling culture hole plate is rotated 60 ° by every 1 day；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 3 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, is poured for every 2 times
It combines watering, fertilizing primary when water, allicin 0.3%, fluorine chlorine ether pyrethroids 0.8%, more bacterium was once contained to Chinese cymbidium sprinkling in every 25 days
The insecticidal solution of spirit 0.2%, when sprinkling, squirt the blade of all Chinese cymbidiums.
When the combination watering, fertilizing, the water poured contains following component by weight: 500 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of humic acid,
0.03 part of glycyrrhizic acid, 0.5 part of 0.5 part of 8 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, coriander seed oil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate smashing, crosses phosphorus at 0.02 part of squalene
0.3 part of sour calcium, 0.5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.08 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.1 part of boric acid, 0.05 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1 part of threonine,
0.3 part of sodium molybdate, 0.1 part of paclobutrazol, 1 part of OP-10,400 parts of water.
Embodiment 2
It is prepared by the fermentation of cultivation matrix:
1. material is planted on basis: taking 90 parts of wine brewer's grains, 25 parts of cow dung, 25 parts of rabbit excrement, 18 parts of kelp residue, rice husk 16 by weight
Part, loose 16 parts of squama, 22 parts of water peanut, 0.4 part of EM bacterium solution；By 100 milliliters of clear water and 30 grams of brown sugar, 50 milliliters of EM bacterium solution, prepare
At fermentation liquid；It is 40% that cow dung, rabbit excrement, which are air-dried to water content,；Water peanut is chopped into length less than 2 centimetres；By grape wine
Slag, cow dung, rabbit excrement, kelp residue, rice husk, loose squama, water peanut mixing are mixed thoroughly, cement floor upper berth at be about 2 meters, it is about 1.5 meters wide,
Thick 25 centimetres of fertile heap, sprays fermentation liquid on fertile heap, in the same way, the second layer and sprinkling fermentation liquid is repaved above；
After each composting spreads 5 layers, plastic film fermentation is covered above.It is stirred when temperature is raised to 60 DEG C in fertilizer heap primary.Mixing
Post-fermentation obtained base matrix after 15 days；
2. material is planted in moisturizing: will eat that be ground into durian shell powder after remaining durian shell is dried spare；According to durian shell powder weight
The 1.5-2.0% of amount weighs Silane coupling agent KH550, and silane coupling agent is configured to solution with dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution A；It will
Durian shell powder is put into solution A, 75 DEG C at a temperature of, stirred 1.2 hours with 700 revs/min of speed, obtain modified solution
B；Mixture C will be obtained after dehydrated alcohol evaporation in modified solution B；By Sodium Polyacrylate, mixture C, potassium superphosphate according to 35:
The mass ratio of 90:1 mixes, and squeezes out, is granulated in double screw extruder, is dry, obtaining durian shell particulate material.By durian shell particle
Material to obtain moisturizing plant material according to mixing by weight for 11:1 with peat soil.
3. mixing: material, moisturizing plant material and perlite are planted into basis and is mixed according to mass ratio for 5:4:2, cultivation matrix is obtained,
For use.
The rapid propagation cultivation of Chinese cymbidium:
(1) it is managed before tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet: before opening seedling taking, first gradually reinforcing tissue-cultured seedling illumination and carry out hardening, tool
Body are as follows: the 1-5 days, by illumination gradually from tissue culture when 2000lux increase to 3500lux；The 6-12 days, by illumination gradually from
3500lux increases to 10000lux；The 13-20 days, illumination is gradually increased into natural lighting condition from 10000lux；Then exist
In natural lighting, unclamp bottle cap hardening 5 days, then open bottle cap hardening 5 days；
(2) bottle outlet is handled: Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling being taken out from bottle, selects plant height 7-10cm, radical for 3-5 item, root long 4-
6cm, every plant of bottle seedling for having a blade 3-6 piece, clean up the culture medium that root is adhered in clear water；Then by whole strain tissue-cultured seedling
It is immersed in the carbendazol that mass concentration is 0.4% and carries out disinfection for 10 minutes, in shady and cool ventilation after being then rinsed with water completely
Place, which dries in the air to root, whitens；
(3) it transplants: by Chinese cymbidium transplantation of seedlings after processing in the flowerpot equipped with cultivation matrix, by using spraying device
The humidity of planting environment is set to keep cultivating under the conditions of 82-90%, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature of high temperature and humidity, control daily 24
In hour, the total time that intensity of illumination is 20000-30000lux is 6 hours, and intensity of illumination is the total time of 6000-9000lux
It is 6 hours, and seedling culture hole plate is rotated 90 ° by every 2 days；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 4 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, is poured for every 2 times
It combines watering, fertilizing primary when water, allicin 0.4%, fluorine chlorine ether pyrethroids 0.6%, more bacterium was once contained to Chinese cymbidium sprinkling in every 26 days
The insecticidal solution of spirit 0.25%, when sprinkling, squirt the blade of all Chinese cymbidiums.
When the combination watering, fertilizing, the water poured contains following component by weight: 560 parts of biogas slurry, 3 parts of humic acid,
0.04 part of glycyrrhizic acid, 0.6 part of 0.6 part of 9 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, coriander seed oil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate smashing, crosses phosphorus at 0.02 part of squalene
0.4 part of sour calcium, 0.6 part of potassium nitrate, 0.09 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.15 part of boric acid, 0.06 part of manganese sulfate, threonine 0.15
Part, 0.4 part of sodium molybdate, 0.15 part of paclobutrazol, 1.5 parts of OP-10,450 parts of water.
Embodiment 3
It is prepared by the fermentation of cultivation matrix:
1. material is planted on basis: taking 100 parts of wine brewer's grains, 30 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of rabbit excrement, 20 parts of kelp residue, rice husk by weight
18 parts, loose 18 parts of squama, 25 parts of water peanut, 0.5 part of EM bacterium solution；By 100 milliliters of clear water and 40 grams of brown sugar, 50 milliliters of EM bacterium solution, match
Fermentation liquid is made；It is 40% that cow dung, rabbit excrement, which are air-dried to water content,；Water peanut is chopped into length less than 2 centimetres；By grape wine
Slag, cow dung, rabbit excrement, kelp residue, rice husk, loose squama, water peanut mixing are mixed thoroughly, cement floor upper berth at be about 2 meters, it is about 1.5 meters wide,
Thick 30 centimetres of fertile heap, sprays fermentation liquid on fertile heap, in the same way, the second layer and sprinkling fermentation liquid is repaved above；
After each composting spreads 5 layers, plastic film fermentation is covered above.It is stirred when temperature is raised to 60 DEG C in fertilizer heap primary.Mixing
Post-fermentation obtained base matrix after 20 days；
2. material is planted in moisturizing: will eat that be ground into durian shell powder after remaining durian shell is dried spare；According to durian shell powder weight
The 1.5-2.0% of amount weighs Silane coupling agent KH550, and silane coupling agent is configured to solution with dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution A；It will
Durian shell powder is put into solution A, 70-80 DEG C at a temperature of, stirred 1.5 hours, be modified with 800 revs/min of speed
Solution B；Mixture C will be obtained after dehydrated alcohol evaporation in modified solution B；Sodium Polyacrylate, mixture C, potassium superphosphate are pressed
According to the mass ratio mixing of 20:100:1, squeezes out, is granulated in double screw extruder, is dry, obtaining durian shell particulate material.By durian
Shell particulate material to obtain moisturizing plant material according to mixing by weight for 12:1 with peat soil.
3. mixing: material, moisturizing plant material and haydite are planted into basis and is mixed according to mass ratio for 5:3:2, cultivation matrix is obtained, to
With.
The rapid propagation cultivation of Chinese cymbidium:
(1) it is managed before tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet: before opening seedling taking, first gradually reinforcing tissue-cultured seedling illumination and carry out hardening, tool
Body are as follows: the 1-5 days, by illumination gradually from tissue culture when 2000lux increase to 3500lux；The 6-12 days, by illumination gradually from
3500lux increases to 10000lux；The 13-20 days, illumination is gradually increased into natural lighting condition from 10000lux；Then exist
In natural lighting, unclamp bottle cap at least hardening 3 days, then open bottle cap at least hardening 3 days；
(2) bottle outlet is handled: Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling being taken out from bottle, selects plant height 7-10cm, radical for 3-5 item, root long 4-
6cm, every plant of bottle seedling for having a blade 3-6 piece, clean up the culture medium that root is adhered in clear water；Then by whole strain tissue-cultured seedling
It is immersed in the carbendazol that mass concentration is 0.5% and carries out disinfection for 10 minutes, in shady and cool ventilation after being then rinsed with water completely
Place, which dries in the air to root, whitens；
(3) it transplants: by Chinese cymbidium transplantation of seedlings after processing in the flowerpot equipped with cultivation matrix, by using spraying device
The humidity of planting environment is set to keep cultivating under the conditions of 82-90%, 25-30 DEG C of day temperature of high temperature and humidity, control daily 24
In hour, the total time that intensity of illumination is 20000-30000lux is 5 hours, and intensity of illumination is the total time of 6000-9000lux
It is 7 hours, and seedling culture hole plate is rotated 180 ° by every 3 days；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 5 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, is poured for every 2 times
It combines watering, fertilizing primary when water, allicin 0.5%, fluorine chlorine ether pyrethroids 0.8%, more bacterium was once contained to Chinese cymbidium sprinkling in every 28 days
The insecticidal solution of spirit 0.3%, when sprinkling, squirt the blade of all Chinese cymbidiums.
When in conjunction with watering, fertilizing, the water poured contains following component: 600 parts, 4 parts of humic acid, glycyrrhizic acid by weight
0.05 part, 0.03 part of squalene, 0.8 part of 0.8 part of 10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, coriander seed oil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the calcium superphosphate smashed
0.5 part, 0.8 part of potassium nitrate, 0.10 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.2 part of boric acid, 0.08 part of manganese sulfate, 0.2 part of threonine, molybdic acid
0.5 part of sodium, 0.2 part of paclobutrazol, 2 parts of OP-10,500 parts of water.
Comparative example 1
This example to embodiment 2 the difference is that, cultivation matrix used be 1 part of leaf mould, 1 part of perlite, 1 portion of snake
Sawdust, 1 part of pool foundation stone, 1 part of celestial soil and moiety coco bran mix；Insecticidal solution used is containing only 0.25% carbendazim；In conjunction with watering
When fertilising, without glycyrrhizic acid, squalene, the yellow cinnamon leaf smashed, coriander seed oil and paclobutrazol in the water that is poured.
Comparative example 2
This example and embodiment 2 the difference is that, any control is not made in humidity, temperature and the illumination of planting environment,
The cultivation matrix planted, and used under natural conditions is 1 part of leaf mould, 1 part of perlite, 1 part of letterwood bits, 1 part of pool foundation stone, 1 part
Celestial soil and moiety coco bran mix；When in conjunction with watering, fertilizing, without glycyrrhizic acid, squalene, the cinnamomum camphora smashed in the water that is poured
Leaf, coriander seed oil and paclobutrazol.
The method that above-described embodiment 1,2,3 and comparative example 1,2 is respectively adopted cultivates Chinese cymbidium, 10 plants of ink of every culture
Lan Miao digs out plant and carries out average hair seedling number statistics, averagely hair seedling rate=new talent number/Lao Miao number after culture in 2 years,
The result is as follows:
Seedling number is sent out in each group averaging of income under the different condition of culture of table 1
3 plants of new seedling will be selected at random in each example, plant 3 months in the environment of natural temperature, illumination and humidity,
Seedling in embodiment 2,3 and comparative example 2 all survives, and the phenomenon that degeneration does not occur；There is 1 plant of death in embodiment 1, compares
3 plants in example 1 there is degradation phenomena, and plant is short and small, blade plays burnt sharp blackspot.Illustrate the sent out new talent of method of the invention more
Stalwartness, adaptive faculty are strong.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the patents of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high temperature and humidity rapid propagation cultivation method of Chinese cymbidium, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) it is managed before tissue-cultured seedling bottle outlet: before opening seedling taking, first gradually reinforcing tissue-cultured seedling illumination and carry out hardening, specifically:
The 1-5 days, by illumination gradually from tissue culture when 2000lux increase to 3500lux；The 6-12 days, by illumination gradually from 3500lux
Increase to 10000lux；The 13-20 days, illumination is gradually increased into natural lighting condition from 10000lux；Then in natural light
According in, unclamp bottle cap at least hardening 3 days, then open bottle cap at least hardening 3 days；
(2) bottle outlet is handled: Chinese cymbidium bottle seedling being taken out from bottle, selects the training for being suitble to the bottle seedling of transplanting to adhere to root in clear water
Feeding base cleans up；Then by whole strain tissue-cultured seedling be immersed in mass concentration be 0.3-0.5% carbendazol in 8-10 minutes into
Row disinfection, dries in the air to root at shady and cool ventilation after being then rinsed with water completely and whitens；
(3) transplant: by Chinese cymbidium transplantation of seedlings after processing equipped with cultivation matrix flowerpot in, air humidity be 82-90%,
It is cultivated under the conditions of the high temperature and humidity that day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, in control daily 24 hours, intensity of illumination 20000-
The total time of 30000lux is 4-6 hours, and the total time that intensity of illumination is 6000-9000lux is 6-8 hours, and every 1-3 days will
Seedling culture hole plate rotates 60 ° -180 °；It is moisture state that the management of watering in every 3-5 days, which keeps cultivation matrix, and when every 2-3 watering combines
Watering, fertilizing is primary, sprays an insecticidal solution to Chinese cymbidium within every 25-28 days；
Wherein, the cultivation matrix includes basis plant material, moisturizing plant material and the ventilative plant material that mass ratio is 5:3-4:2, the base
Plinth plant material by weight mainly by 80-100 parts of wine brewer's grains, 20-30 parts of cow dung, 20-30 parts of rabbit excrement, 15-20 parts of kelp residue,
It is obtained after 12-18 parts of rice husk, loose 12-18 parts of squama, 18-25 parts of water peanut, mixing post-fermentation 15-25 days of 0.3-0.5 parts of EM bacterium solution；
It is that 10-12:1 mixing forms that the moisturizing plants material by peat soil and durian shell particulate material by weight；The ventilative plant is expected
One of haydite, perlite or vermiculite；
Wherein, when the combination watering, fertilizing, the water poured contains following component by weight: 500-600 parts of biogas slurry, humic acid
2-4 parts, 0.03-0.05 parts of glycyrrhizic acid, 0.02-0.03 parts of squalene, 8-10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 0.5-0.8 parts of coriander seed oil, phosphoric acid
0.5-0.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 0.3-0.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5-0.8 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.08-0.10 parts of amino acid chelated iron, boron
0.1-0.2 parts sour, 0.05-0.08 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.2 parts of threonine, 0.3-0.5 parts of sodium molybdate, paclobutrazol 0.1-0.2
Part, 1-2 parts of OP-10,400-500 parts of water.
2. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the selection is suitble to the bottle seedling of transplanting to refer to selection
Plant height 7-10cm, radical are 3-5 item, root long 4-6cm, every plant of bottle seedling for having a blade 3-6 piece.
3. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the durian shell particulate material is by the following method
It is prepared: will eat that be ground into durian shell powder after remaining durian shell is dried spare first；According to durian shell powder weight
1.5-2.0% weighs silane coupling agent, and silane coupling agent is configured to solution with dehydrated alcohol, obtains solution A；Durian shell powder is put
Enter into solution A, 70-80 DEG C at a temperature of, stirred 1-1.5 hours with 600-800 revs/min of speed, obtain modified solution
B；Mixture C will be obtained after dehydrated alcohol evaporation in modified solution B；By Sodium Polyacrylate, mixture C, potassium superphosphate according to 20-
The mass ratio of 35:80-100:1 mixes, and squeezes out, is granulated in double screw extruder, is dry, obtaining durian shell particulate material.
4. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the kelp residue be laminaria production sodium alginate it
Residue afterwards.
5. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: contain allicin 0.3%- in the insecticidal solution
0.5%, fluorine chlorine ether pyrethroids 0.5-0.8%, carbendazim 0.2-0.3%.
6. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the requirement when insecticidal solution sprays is that will own
The blade of Chinese cymbidium squirts.
7. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be by using spraying device in incubation
The humidity of planting environment is set to keep 82-90%.
8. rapid propagation cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the yellow cinnamon leaf needs to smash before use to be slurried
Shape.
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| CN116472961A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-07-25 | 玉林师范学院 | Application of squalene in Mo Langen-like stem subculture |
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