CN110140574A - One planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology - Google Patents
One planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110140574A CN110140574A CN201811023287.4A CN201811023287A CN110140574A CN 110140574 A CN110140574 A CN 110140574A CN 201811023287 A CN201811023287 A CN 201811023287A CN 110140574 A CN110140574 A CN 110140574A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting fruit-trees to simplify whole planting technology, is related to pruning fruit tree technical field.The present invention includes SS01 treelet phase beta pruning；SS02 just fruiting period beta pruning；SS03 fruiting period beta pruning；SS04 best fruiting period beta pruning；SS05 declining period beta pruning.The present invention passed through to the fruit tree treelet phase, first fruiting period, fruiting period, the growth cycle of the best fruiting period and declining period carry out specific pruning method, weaken apical dominance, pass through the trim mode standardized in summer and winter, it being capable of reasonable utilization branch space, guarantee the illumination condition and ventilation effect inside branch, reduce the appearance of disease, by to the trimming of long property major branch and the trimming of interim branch, guarantee major branch, the quantity of side shoot and fruitful branch, avoiding the occurrence of fruitful branch excessively causes fruit too small, or the very few situation for causing result quantities few of fruitful branch, solving the problems, such as that the pruning method of existing fruit tree is lack of standardization causes fruit tree growth efficiency lower.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pruning fruit tree technical fields, simplify whole planting technology more particularly to a planting fruit-trees.
Background technique
Reasonable branch pruning can control tree vigo(u)r, improve the ventilation and penetrating light condition of tree crown, adjust tree above and under tree
Equilibrium relation, promote flower_bud formation, increase setting fruit position, avoid biennial bearing phenomenon, extend the result time limit of tree body, reach steady
Production, high yield and good purpose.
But if low level management is let go unchecked, it often will cause that peripheral branch item is close to be squeezed, interior thorax baldness moves outside setting fruit position
The phenomenon that, rational pruning can make tree-like compact, and branch is evenly distributed, structurally reasonable.
It mainly is cut to lead with short under existing Pruning model, the quantity of major branch, side shoot and fruitful branch can not be effectively ensured,
The case where fruit tree trunk branch is more, fruitful branch is few and setting fruit position moves outside year by year are easily formed after the trimming of many years, to reduce peach garden
Effective result area, cause yield to reduce, the situation for causing the bigger yield of the age of tree lower.
Under existing plantation and beta pruning mode, under growing by long-time, branch is covered with growing space substantially on fruit tree, in advance
The space stayed is very few, will cause that ventilation effect is bad and the bad situation of luminous absorption effect, and is not easy to work, easy to breed
The growth of harm influence fruit tree needs to carry out maintenance to fruit tree, to increase management cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a planting fruit-trees to simplify whole planting technology, by fruit tree treelet phase, first fruiting period, result
The growth cycle of phase, the best fruiting period and declining period carries out specific pruning method, weakens apical dominance, by summer and winter into
The trim mode of professional etiquette model, can reasonable utilization branch space, guarantee branch inside illumination condition and ventilation effect, reduce
The appearance of disease solves the problems, such as that the pruning method of existing fruit tree is lack of standardization and causes fruit tree growth efficiency lower.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention is that a planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology, comprising the following steps:
SS01 treelet phase beta pruning: the growth of treelet phase is vigorous, easily formation enriching shoot, and the main task of trimming is shaping and expansion
Tree crown should cultivate a good tree management, consider early yield again, fixed based on thin, slow, bud picking and pinching
It plants seedling and carries out cutting back at 60-80cm, the branch of pumping is purposefully retained, the pinching when branch grows to 80cm is faced
When branch pinching in 60cm to inspire middle brachyplast form fruitful branch.
SS02 just fruiting period beta pruning: after entering between first fruiting period, major branch quantity has been selected enough, and tree crown also takes space substantially, main
Branch extending head can no longer cutting back, using support, draw, hang, behind branch changes the method for head and adjusts the angle, guarantee major branch at the same level rugosity and
Length, angle want in a basic balance, and center is dry to be better than major branch, and lower layer's major branch is better than upper layer major branch；
SS03 fruiting period beta pruning: the purpose of trimming, which is to continue with, does shaping well, expands the more fruit-bearing shoot clusters of tree crown culture, winter
When season trims to skeleton branches at different levels at full bud cutting back, remove vertical branch, juxtaposition branch, when summer pruning carry out pinching,
It cutting back and removes, for the branch of excessive growth that inner canopy is sprouted, as long as position and direction are suitable, it should be noted that retain slow put and does not cut, change
Become branch gesture, forms fruitful branch；
SS04 best fruiting period beta pruning: pass through shifting, cutting back skeleton branches at different levels, update and cultivation results outside trimming control result position
Branch group, removes overstocked vertical branch, improves internal illumination condition and ventilation effect, keeps tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong, being capable of reasonable benefit
With space, to reduce disease；
SS05 declining period beta pruning: with the increasing of the age of tree, shoot growth amount is opposite to be reduced, branch mostly it is raw in periphery and
Top, go it is weak stay strong, new branch is cultivated and generated to the fruitful branch to bounce back year after year, restores the tree-like branch of happy type, main to appoint
Business is to update and rejuvenation fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
It further, include the trimming and the trimming of interim branch of long property major branch when the fruit tree pruning；
The trimming of long property major branch: first cutting major branch, then cut interim branch, and major branch trimming down, i.e., stays list from end of the branch outside in
Head, on major branch that branch is stayed lack debranching, interim branch is given way to the side shoot group of major branch more, and the side shoot on other branch influence major branch removes other branch,
Side shoot on major branch guarantees to arrange in the range of 18-22cm, and the ratio between side shoot and the rugosity of major branch guarantee 1: 3；
Interim branch trimming: it under the premise of not influencing the growth of permanent major branch, often selects good strains in the field for seed and stays 3-4 provisional major branches, remove
Branch is retracted to the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school or has the bough group of a large amount of buds compared with mitigation or divide by the raw branch in side with bough group, pollard is crossed greatly
At branch.
It further, include summer beta pruning and winter beta pruning when the beta pruning of the SS01-SS05；
The trimming time range of summer beta pruning is in the 6-8 month, if branch is overstocked, can cut from bifurcation a part of small
Branch, guarantees light transmission, avoids wiping out on fruitful branch；
It when winter beta pruning, is cut to lead with short, branch is cut off into a part from top, and cut off partial results branch, because of fruit
As soon as the result of tree has a causality, it is small to have tied mostly fruit, and has sprayed anti-icing fluid, sterilized solution and deinsectization liquid on branch.
Further, the happy type tree structure are as follows: female branch of result is uniformly distributed on major branch and side shoot, and interval is protected
The range in 10-15cm is demonstrate,proved, cultivation results mother branch is advisable with the raw branch in side, lacks branch Shi Keyong back or back undershoot replaces, or carve bud
Rush is sprouted.
Further, described in the beta pruning step of SS01-SS05, beta pruning is mainly used for wiping out the branch of excessive growth, descending branch, back
Upper branch, overstocked branch, sick branch and small and weak branch.
Further, when the tree branch is trimmed, permanent major branch 3-4 are reserved after observing from different perspectives, major branch
Guarantee the range in 32-36 degree with the angle on ground, the first major branch stays in the south, and top layer's major branch cannot stay the south, guarantees south
The feature that low north is high, western low east is high, the interlamellar spacing of major branch are the range in 20-40cm, and major branch helically rises arrangement, weaken top
The case where end advantage.
The invention has the following advantages:
The present invention is carried out specific by the growth cycle to fruit tree treelet phase, first fruiting period, fruiting period, the best fruiting period and declining period
Pruning method, weaken apical dominance, guarantee the quantity of fruitful branch, tree vigo(u)r stalwartness is able to maintain, while by summer and winter
Ji Jinhang specification trim mode, can reasonable utilization branch space, guarantee branch inside illumination condition and ventilation effect,
The appearance for reducing disease, extends the service life of fruit tree and improves the result quantities of fruit tree, by the trimming to long property major branch and face
When branch trimming, guarantee major branch, side shoot and fruitful branch quantity, avoid the occurrence of fruitful branch and excessively cause fruit too small or result
The very few situation for causing result quantities few of branch, so that the upper growth efficiency of fruit tree is improved, convenient trimming and management to fruit tree.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's all other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
The present invention is that a planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology, comprising the following steps:
SS01 treelet phase beta pruning: the growth of treelet phase is vigorous, easily formation enriching shoot, and the main task of trimming is shaping and expansion
Tree crown should cultivate a good tree management, consider early yield again, fixed based on thin, slow, bud picking and pinching
It plants seedling and carries out cutting back at 60-80cm, the branch of pumping is purposefully retained, the pinching when branch grows to 80cm is faced
When branch pinching in 60cm to inspire middle brachyplast form fruitful branch.
SS02 just fruiting period beta pruning: after entering between first fruiting period, major branch quantity has been selected enough, and tree crown also takes space substantially, main
Branch extending head can no longer cutting back, using support, draw, hang, behind branch changes the method for head and adjusts the angle, guarantee major branch at the same level rugosity and
Length, angle want in a basic balance, and center is dry to be better than major branch, and lower layer's major branch is better than upper layer major branch；
SS03 fruiting period beta pruning: the purpose of trimming, which is to continue with, does shaping well, expands the more fruit-bearing shoot clusters of tree crown culture, winter
When season trims to skeleton branches at different levels at full bud cutting back, remove vertical branch, juxtaposition branch, when summer pruning carry out pinching,
It cutting back and removes, for the branch of excessive growth that inner canopy is sprouted, as long as position and direction are suitable, it should be noted that retain slow put and does not cut, change
Become branch gesture, forms fruitful branch；
SS04 best fruiting period beta pruning: pass through shifting, cutting back skeleton branches at different levels, update and cultivation results outside trimming control result position
Branch group, removes overstocked vertical branch, improves internal illumination condition and ventilation effect, keeps tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong, being capable of reasonable benefit
With space, to reduce disease；
SS05 declining period beta pruning: with the increasing of the age of tree, shoot growth amount is opposite to be reduced, branch mostly it is raw in periphery and
Top, go it is weak stay strong, new branch is cultivated and generated to the fruitful branch to bounce back year after year, restores the tree-like branch of happy type, main to appoint
Business is to update and rejuvenation fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
It wherein, include the trimming and the trimming of interim branch of long property major branch when fruit tree pruning；
The trimming of long property major branch: first cutting major branch, then cut interim branch, and major branch trimming down, i.e., stays list from end of the branch outside in
Head, on major branch that branch is stayed lack debranching, interim branch is given way to the side shoot group of major branch more, and the side shoot on other branch influence major branch removes other branch,
Side shoot on major branch guarantees to arrange in the range of 18-22cm, and the ratio between side shoot and the rugosity of major branch guarantee 1: 3；
Interim branch trimming: it under the premise of not influencing the growth of permanent major branch, often selects good strains in the field for seed and stays 3-4 provisional major branches, remove
Branch is retracted to the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school or has the bough group of a large amount of buds compared with mitigation or divide by the raw branch in side with bough group, pollard is crossed greatly
At branch.
It wherein, include summer beta pruning and winter beta pruning when the beta pruning of SS01-SS05；
The trimming time range of summer beta pruning is in the 6-8 month, if branch is overstocked, can cut from bifurcation a part of small
Branch, guarantees light transmission, avoids wiping out on fruitful branch；
It when winter beta pruning, is cut to lead with short, branch is cut off into a part from top, and cut off partial results branch, because of fruit
As soon as the result of tree has a causality, it is small to have tied mostly fruit, and has sprayed anti-icing fluid, sterilized solution and deinsectization liquid on branch.
Wherein, happy type tree structure are as follows: female branch of result is uniformly distributed on major branch and side shoot, and interval guarantees in 10-
The range of 15cm, cultivation results mother branch are advisable with the raw branch in side, lack branch Shi Keyong back or back undershoot replaces, or carve bud rush and sprout.
Wherein, in the beta pruning step of SS01-SS05, beta pruning is mainly used for wiping out the branch of excessive growth, descending branch, back branch, mistake
Close branch, sick branch and small and weak branch.
Wherein, when tree branch is trimmed, permanent major branch 3-4 is reserved after observing from different perspectives, major branch and ground
Angle guarantees the range in 32-36 degree, and the first major branch stays in the south, and top layer's major branch cannot stay the south, guarantees that the low north in south is high, western
The high feature in low east, the interlamellar spacing of major branch are the range in 20-40cm, and major branch helically rises arrangement, weakens apical dominance
Situation.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
Particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one implementation of the invention
In example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples to close
Suitable mode combines.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.There is no detailed for preferred embodiment
All details are described, are not limited the invention to the specific embodiments described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
It can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to better explain the present invention
Principle and practical application, so that skilled artisan be enable to better understand and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
It is limited by claims and its full scope and equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. a planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
SS01 treelet phase beta pruning: based on thin, slow, bud picking and pinching, field planting seedling carries out cutting back at 60-80cm, to pumping
Branch purposefully retained, the pinching when branch grows to 80cm, interim branch pinching in 60cm, to inspire middle brachyplast, shape
At fruitful branch.
SS02 just fruiting period beta pruning: major branch extending head can no longer cutting back, using support, draw, hang, behind branch changes the method adjusting angle of head
Degree guarantees that the rugosity and length of major branch at the same level, angle want in a basic balance, and center is dry to be better than major branch, and lower layer's major branch is better than upper layer
Major branch；
SS03 fruiting period beta pruning: expanding the more fruit-bearing shoot clusters of tree crown culture, to skeleton branches at different levels in full bud when winter pruning
Locate cutting back, remove vertical branch, juxtaposition branch, when summer pruning carries out pinching, cutting back and removes, and inner canopy is sprouted
The branch of excessive growth, as long as position and direction are suitable, it should be noted that retain slow put and do not cut, change branch gesture, form fruitful branch；
SS04 best fruiting period beta pruning: by moving outside trimming control result position, cutting back skeleton branches at different levels update and cultivation results branch
Group removes overstocked vertical branch, improves internal illumination condition and ventilation effect, keeps tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong；
SS05 declining period beta pruning: with the increasing of the age of tree, shoot growth amount is opposite to be reduced, branch mostly it is raw in periphery and top
End, go it is weak stay strong, new branch is cultivated and generated to the fruitful branch to bounce back year after year, restores the tree-like branch of happy type.
2. a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 simplifies whole planting technology, which is characterized in that include long when the fruit tree pruning
Property major branch trimming and interim branch trimming；
The trimming of long property major branch: first cutting major branch, then cut interim branch, and major branch trimming down, i.e., stays single head from end of the branch outside in, main
On branch that branch is stayed to lack debranching, interim branch is given way to the side shoot group of major branch more, and other branch influences the side shoot on major branch, removes other branch, major branch
On side shoot guarantee 18-22cm range arrange, the ratio between side shoot and the rugosity of major branch guarantee 1: 3；
Interim branch trimming: it under the premise of not influencing the growth of permanent major branch, often selects good strains in the field for seed and stays 3-4 provisional major branches, remove big side
Branch is retracted to the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school or has the bough group or branch of a large amount of buds compared with mitigation by raw branch with bough group, pollard is crossed
Place.
3. a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 simplifies whole planting technology, which is characterized in that the beta pruning of the SS01-SS05
When include summer beta pruning and winter beta pruning；
The trimming time range of summer beta pruning is in the 6-8 month, if branch is overstocked, a part of sprig can be cut from bifurcation, protects
Card can light transmission, avoid wiping out on fruitful branch；
It when winter beta pruning, is cut to lead with short, branch is cut off into a part from top, and cut off partial results branch, and on branch
Spray anti-icing fluid, sterilized solution and deinsectization liquid.
4. a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 simplifies whole planting technology, which is characterized in that the happy type tree structure
Are as follows: female branch of result is uniformly distributed on major branch and side shoot, and interval guarantees the range in 10-15cm, and cultivation results mother's branch is with side
Raw branch is advisable, and lacks branch Shi Keyong back or back undershoot replaces, or carve bud rush and sprout.
5. a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 simplifies whole planting technology, which is characterized in that the cutting in SS01-SS05
In branch step, beta pruning is mainly used for wiping out the branch of excessive growth, descending branch, back branch, overstocked branch, sick branch and small and weak branch.
6. a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 simplifies whole planting technology, which is characterized in that when the tree branch is trimmed,
Reserve permanent major branch 3-4 after observing from different perspectives, the angle on major branch and ground guarantees the range in 32-36 degree, first
Major branch stays in the south, and top layer's major branch cannot stay the south, guarantees that the feature that the low north in south is high, western low east is high, the interlamellar spacing of major branch are
In the range of 20-40cm, major branch helically rises arrangement.
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| CN201811023287.4A CN110140574A (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2018-09-04 | One planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology |
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| CN201811023287.4A CN110140574A (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2018-09-04 | One planting fruit-trees simplifies whole planting technology |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103430800A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 河南恒盈懿丰农牧有限公司 | Early-fruiting walnut dwarfing cultivating method |
| CN107646492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 尤传飞 | A kind of shaping and trimming method of nectarine peach plantation |
-
2018
- 2018-09-04 CN CN201811023287.4A patent/CN110140574A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103430800A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 河南恒盈懿丰农牧有限公司 | Early-fruiting walnut dwarfing cultivating method |
| CN107646492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 尤传飞 | A kind of shaping and trimming method of nectarine peach plantation |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| 安国凤等: "杏树的实用价值、种植前景及栽培技术", 《中国园艺文摘》 * |
| 张文和等: "苹果开心形整形修剪关键技术", 《山西果树》 * |
| 樊俏梅: "点题服务 ", 《农村天地》 * |
| 樊俏梅: "绕树转几圈 看准再修剪", 《山西农业》 * |
| 申凯英: "小冠疏层形苹果树整形与修剪", 《山西果树》 * |
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