CN109220303A - Four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method - Google Patents
Four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220303A CN109220303A CN201811119761.3A CN201811119761A CN109220303A CN 109220303 A CN109220303 A CN 109220303A CN 201811119761 A CN201811119761 A CN 201811119761A CN 109220303 A CN109220303 A CN 109220303A
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- branch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method, the tree-like high 2.0-2.4m of tree, the high 30-40cm of trunk, the equally distributed major branch other than Due South there are four being stayed on trunk, angle between adjacent major branch is 80-90 °, the included angle of each major branch and trunk is 60-65 °, on each major branch raw fruitful branch.The tree-like curring time of peach of the invention is short, has the advantages that high photosynthetic efficiency, premature labor, high yield, stable yields, and since fruit can obtain sufficient illumination, tree body is healthy and strong, and bud satiation, stable yield, fruit quality are good；And since the small gradient growth of major branch, whole height be not high, personnel's standing can be trimmed on the ground and picking fruit；Meanwhile pruning method is simple and easy, is easy to grasp, it can be with Rapid Popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees administrative skill field, more particularly, to a kind of four major branch peach are tree-like and trimming side
Method.
Background technique
Peach is a kind of intolerant tree species, germination rate and strong at principal stresses.The bud of peach has prematureness, in growth period length and ring
The suitable area of border condition, in 1 year can 3~4 sublateral shoots of pumping (even more repeatedly), the feelings for forming multiple branch and repeatedly growing
Condition provides advantage to pruning, convenient for making fruit tree accelerate forming and ahead of time result.
The peach high yield in practical application tree-like mainly has natural open centre shape, trunk shape, Y-shaped etc. at present.Wherein, certainly
So happy shape includes 3 major branches being staggeredly born on trunk, is firmly combined with trunk, load capacity is big, is not easy to cleave；Major branch
Two sides are side shoot, and master-slave relationship is clearly demarcated；Fruitful branch is evenly distributed, and tree crown is opened a business, and illumination condition is good, easily controllable strong.But
This it is tree-like it is general could need to shape for 4 years, early yield is low, and 5 years raw to set ability constant rate of production, and tree-like trimming skill requirement compared with
Height, orchard worker are not easy to grasp.Trunk shape has the advantages that simple structure, convenient for management, ventilation light passing, result are early, quick, generally
Shape within 1st year, the 2nd year can result or high yield, but fruit quality is relatively poor, and since trunk is upright, be easy it is upper strong,
Setting fruit position is moved up, it is more demanding to pruning technique.Y-shaped requires wide row planting culture, and due to ventilation and penetrating light, fruit is excellent
Matter, high yield are quick, and are convenient for mechanization management, but the tree-like skeleton culture technique is more demanding, when not accomplishing, are easy
Not the problems such as now splitting or mobile jib (branch) do not have taperingness, and bearing capacity is small.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem above, the present invention provides four fast major branch peaches of a kind of premature labor, high yield, stable yields, high photosynthetic efficiency, molding
It is tree-like, while a kind of pruning method that four major branch peach are tree-like being provided.
To achieve the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
Four major branches peach of the present invention is tree-like, refers under conditions of using seeding row spacing 3 × 4m or 4 × 5m, sets high 2.0-
2.4m, trunk high 30-40cm are stayed on trunk there are four the equally distributed major branch other than Due South, between adjacent major branch
Angle is 80-90 °, and the included angle of each major branch and trunk is 60-65 °, on each major branch raw fruitful branch.
The tree-like pruning method of above-mentioned four major branches peach, comprising:
(1) fixed dry: to be done surely after selecting high-quality finished product seedling to transplant, heading height is 45-55 ㎝, the first bud Ying Xi under clip
The north；
(2) major branch: First Year June is cultivated, when newly slightly growing to 48-52 ㎝, selects and remain that four growth potentials are good, direction is suitable in the tree
Branch as major branch, and pinching, turn round the tip or by branch by way of control other newly slightly prosperous growths, promote into flower；
(3) the First Year winter cuts: being cutting back to be carried out at 1cm, while removing the competition near extending head in each major branch head diameter
Branch and overstocked branch remove to keep major branch uniaxial extension and stretch to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch in tree crown
Cross it is thick cross bough, retain the raw and tiltedly raw length in side is 60cm or less, diameter is 0.55-0.65cm golden mean of the Confucian school branch as a result
Branch, and the fruitful branch sum of each tree is 20-30；
(4) second year is cut to lead with the winter, and the summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching；Winter (after fallen leaves-next year hair
Before bud), it removes and stretches to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch and excessively thick bough excessively, stay stake trimming more
Shoot only retains the fruitful branch that 10-12 length is 60cm or less, diameter is 0.55-0.65cm on each major branch, avoids cutting back
Major branch extending head；
(5) third year is cut to lead with the winter, and the summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching, and using paclobutrazol control with
Promote bud differentiation；Winter (after fallen leaves-next year germination before) removes and stretches to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked
Branch, thin and delicate branch and it is excessively thick cross bough, stay stake to trim innovation shoot, it is 60cm or less, diameter that 12-15 length is retained on each major branch
For the fruitful branch of 0.55-0.65cm, cutting back major branch extending head is avoided；After passing the winter and cutting, tree-like formation.
The tree-like curring time of four major branches peach provided by the invention is short, has the advantages of high photosynthetic efficiency, premature labor, high yield, stable yields,
Since fruit can obtain sufficient illumination, tree body is healthy and strong, and bud satiation, stable yield, fruit quality are good；And due to master
The small gradient growth of branch, whole height be not high, therefore personnel stand and can be trimmed on the ground；Meanwhile pruning method letter
It is single easy, it is easy to grasp, it can be with Rapid Popularization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tree structure schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Four major branches peach of the present invention is tree-like, suitable under the environment that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, row irrigation are convenient
The peach of outdoor cultivation is carried out, generally uses seeding row spacing for 3 × 4m or 4 × 5m, is convenient for daylighting and mechanization management.Such as Fig. 1 institute
Showing, every plant of high 2.2m of peach tree or so, trunk 1 is 30-40cm high, only stay four major branches 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 on trunk 1, four
A major branch is very beneficial for balancing tree vigo(u)r.In order to avoid influencing daylighting, four major branches 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 are not in due south
Side.The angle of each major branch and trunk is 60-65 °, and adjacent major branch is uniformly distributed with 90 ° of angle, on each major branch directly
Raw fruitful branch 3, master-slave relationship is clearly demarcated, and tree crown is opened a business, convenient for ventilation and daylighting.
The tree-like pruning method of above-mentioned four major branches peach, specifically includes that
(1) fixed dry: to be done surely after selecting high-quality finished product seedling plant First Year March, heading height is 45-55 ㎝, the under clip
One bud should be in northwest.
(2) cultivate major branch: First Year it is good, square to select and remain four growth potentials when newly slightly growing to 50 ㎝ or so June in the tree
To suitable branch as major branch, wherein clip lower first 2.1 in northwest, excess-three branch 2.2,2.3,2.4 is located at
North-east, the southeast and southwest, spreading angle is at 45 °, and as a result the angle after rear four major branches setting is 60~65 °.Meanwhile it needing
It by pinching, turns round the tip or controls other newly slightly prosperous growths by modes such as branches, promote into flower.
(3) the First Year winter cuts: being to carry out cutting back at 1cm in each major branch head diameter, increases the rugosity and skeleton of major branch
Stability；While the competitive branch near extending head and overstocked branch are removed to keep major branch uniaxial extension, it removes and stretches in tree crown
The prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth, back, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch and the excessively thick length crossed bough, side life is retained with Long pruning method and is tiltedly given birth to of thorax
Degree be 60cm or less, golden mean of the Confucian school branch that diameter is 0.55-0.65cm branch as a result, and 3 sum of fruitful branch of each tree is 20-30
It is a；
(4) second year is cut to lead with the winter, and the summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching；It is sent out after winter fallen leaves to next year
Before bud, removes and stretch to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch and excessively thick bough excessively, stake trimming is stayed to update
, only retain the fruitful branch that 10-12 length is 60cm or less, diameter is 0.55-0.65cm on each major branch, it should be noted that
It is that major branch extending head does not rush cutting back, avoids upper strong tree vigo(u)r caused by cutting back as far as possible.It is under normal conditions, once strong on tree vigo(u)r,
2~3 years trimming management talents are needed gradually to slow down the growth impetus.
(5) third year peach has been in the best fruiting period, but trimming is essentially identical with the trimming of second year, still is cut to lead with the winter,
Summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching, and using paclobutrazol control to promote bud differentiation；To next year after fallen leaves
Before germination, removes and stretch to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch and excessively thick bough excessively, stay stake trimming more
Shoot, retain on each major branch 12-15 length be 60cm or less, the fruitful branch that diameter is 0.55-0.65cm, avoid cutting back master
Branch extending head.During trimming, pay attention to updating parallel with result.It is tree-like to basically form after passing the winter and cutting.
The fruitful branch sum of each tree, should want yield and quality according to varieties of plant (single fruit weight), planting density, orchard worker
It asks etc. specific to determine.
The tree-like growth characteristic for combining peach of four major branches peach of the present invention, combines natural open centre shape, trunk
The tree-like advantage of shape, Y-shaped, and the above tree-like disadvantage is overcome, such as: compared with natural open centre shape, forming is fast, early rich
It produces, ventilation and penetrating light is good, management is simple, suitable field machinery operation；Compared with trunk shape, apical dominance is weakened, is balanced
Whole tree vigo(u)r, because of operations such as directly height are not high with the growth of small gradient, and adult's standing can be trimmed, pick；The tree
The drawbacks of shape also overcomes Y-shaped easily to cleave.In conclusion the present invention be a kind of premature labor, high yield, stable yields, high photosynthetic efficiency tree
Shape, tree vigo(u)r are easy balance, and ventilation and penetrating light, nutrient quality be good, stable yield, economic benefit year limit for length；It is suitble to field machinery behaviour
Make and picking fruit, large-scale planting save labour cost, can substantially reduce production cost；Meanwhile the tree-like pruning method
It is simple and easy, convenient for grasp, be very suitable to orchard worker promote.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of four major branch peach are tree-like, it is characterised in that: under conditions of using seeding row spacing 3 × 4m or 4 × 5m, set high 2.0-
2.4m, trunk high 30-40cm are stayed on trunk there are four the equally distributed major branch other than Due South, between adjacent major branch
Angle is 80-90 °, and the included angle of each major branch and trunk is 60-65 °, on each major branch raw fruitful branch.
2. the tree-like pruning method of four major branches peach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) fixed dry: the finished product seedling after plant to be done surely, heading height is 45-55 ㎝, and the first bud is in northwest under clip；
(2) major branch: First Year June is cultivated, when newly slightly growing to 48-52 ㎝, selects and remain that four growth potentials are good, direction is suitable in the tree
Branch as major branch, and pinching, turn round the tip or by branch by way of control other newly slightly prosperous growths, promote into flower；
(3) the First Year winter cuts: being cutting back to be carried out at 1cm, while removing the competition near extending head in each major branch head diameter
Branch and overstocked branch remove to keep major branch uniaxial extension and stretch to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch in tree crown
Cross it is thick cross bough, retain the raw and tiltedly raw length in side is 60cm or less, diameter is 0.55-0.65cm golden mean of the Confucian school branch as a result
Branch, and the fruitful branch sum of each tree is 20-30；
(4) second year is cut to lead with the winter, and the summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching；Before germinateing after fallen leaves to next year,
It removes and stretches to the prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch and excessively thick bough excessively, stay stake to trim innovation shoot, often
Only retain the fruitful branch that 10-12 length is 60cm or less, diameter is 0.55-0.65cm on a major branch, cutting back major branch is avoided to prolong
Long head；
(5) third year is cut to lead with the winter, and the summer is cut to auxiliary: timely bud picking in May summer-June, pinching, and using paclobutrazol control with
Promote bud differentiation；The prosperous branch of the branch of excessive growth of thorax, back in tree crown, overstocked branch, thin and delicate is stretched to removing before next year germination after fallen leaves
Branch and it is excessively thick cross bough, stay stake to trim innovation shoot, retain on each major branch 12-15 length be 60cm or less, diameter 0.55-
The fruitful branch of 0.65cm avoids cutting back major branch extending head；After passing the winter and cutting, tree-like formation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811119761.3A CN109220303A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method |
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| CN201811119761.3A CN109220303A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method |
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| CN201811119761.3A Pending CN109220303A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Four major branch peach are tree-like and pruning method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112219636A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-15 | 上海市农业科学院 | Two-main-branch natural heart-shaped peach tree shape and forming method |
| CN113273423A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Pruning method for thinning, crown-reducing and plump-promoting late-bearing walnuts |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101091445A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-26 | 王万丽 | Method for planting early red oil flat peach in greenhouse |
| KR20080067435A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-21 | 주식회사 동부하이텍 | The production of fruit tree for transforming tree form by using mads-box gene |
| CN103563707A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-12 | 田凡 | Trunk shape cultivation technique for peach trees |
| CN104823788A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-12 | 塔里木大学 | Columnar tree culture method suitable for high-density cultivation of nectarine in greenhouse |
| CN108174739A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-19 | 刘进 | Four major branch rapid shaping method of peach |
-
2018
- 2018-09-26 CN CN201811119761.3A patent/CN109220303A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101091445A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-26 | 王万丽 | Method for planting early red oil flat peach in greenhouse |
| KR20080067435A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-21 | 주식회사 동부하이텍 | The production of fruit tree for transforming tree form by using mads-box gene |
| CN103563707A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-12 | 田凡 | Trunk shape cultivation technique for peach trees |
| CN104823788A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-12 | 塔里木大学 | Columnar tree culture method suitable for high-density cultivation of nectarine in greenhouse |
| CN108174739A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-19 | 刘进 | Four major branch rapid shaping method of peach |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112219636A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-15 | 上海市农业科学院 | Two-main-branch natural heart-shaped peach tree shape and forming method |
| CN113273423A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Pruning method for thinning, crown-reducing and plump-promoting late-bearing walnuts |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |