CN110121267A - 产生发酵乳制品的方法 - Google Patents
产生发酵乳制品的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110121267A CN110121267A CN201880005554.7A CN201880005554A CN110121267A CN 110121267 A CN110121267 A CN 110121267A CN 201880005554 A CN201880005554 A CN 201880005554A CN 110121267 A CN110121267 A CN 110121267A
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Abstract
本发明涉及产生发酵乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:1)将包含至少一种乳酸菌菌株的起子培养物添加到乳基质中,2)将所述乳发酵一段时间直至达到靶pH值,3)使用包含至少一种能够代谢非乳糖碳水化合物的乳糖缺陷型菌株的起子培养物,和4)在发酵步骤的开始、期间或结束时向所述方法添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在pH5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及产生发酵乳制品的方法。
背景技术
WO 2009/071539公开了源自两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)的乳糖酶,其能够在乳中非常有效地水解,并且在宽的pH范围内具有活性,包括低pH,例如低于5的pH值。乳糖酶可用于产生诸如奶酪、酸奶、黄油、酪乳(butter milk)、酸奶油等乳和发酵乳制品的方法中,以降低乳糖含量。
WO 2013/160413公开了使用葡萄糖阴性乳酸菌菌株和常规乳糖酶的组合产生发酵乳制品的方法,其目的是降低发酵乳制品中乳糖的含量,同时增加葡萄糖的含量。
EP-A1-2 957 180在一个实施方案中公开了使用起子培养物和常规乳糖酶的组合产生发酵乳产品的方法,其目的是降低发酵乳制品中的乳糖含量和后酸化水平。EP-A1-2957 180在第二个实施方案中公开了使用乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌产生发酵乳制品的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供改进的产生发酵乳制品的方法。
本发明的目的通过包括以下步骤的用于产生发酵乳产品的方法得以实现:
1)将包含至少一种乳酸菌菌株的起子培养物添加到乳基质中,
2)将所述乳基材酵一段时间直至达到靶pH值,
3)其中所述起子培养物包含至少一种能够代谢非乳糖碳水化合物的乳糖缺陷型菌株,和
4)在发酵步骤开始、期间或结束时向所述方法添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%。
乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌通常基于以测量的量添加于乳中的非乳糖碳水化合物源生长,例如蔗糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖,从而通过耗尽所添加的碳水化合物源来终止发酵过程和乳酸菌的生长。因此,显著降低或甚至完全防止后续储存期间的后酸化。低pH稳定的乳糖酶在发酵过程的整个过程中都将是有活性的,因此允许存在于乳中的大部分或全部乳糖转化为葡萄糖和半乳糖。因此,有可能产生具有降低的乳糖含量或不含乳糖的产品的发酵乳制品。此外,有可能产生天然甜度增加的发酵乳制品,因为葡萄糖和半乳糖的甜度比乳糖高得多。
本发明基于以下认知:通过使用低pH稳定的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌的组合,有可能获得发酵乳制品,其同时具有降低的乳糖含量、增加的甜度以及减少的后酸化。此外,令人惊讶地发现,与使用乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌且不使用乳糖酶相比,并且与使用低pH稳定的乳糖酶和乳糖阳性乳酸菌相比,所述组合使得发酵乳制品的质地增加。
此外,当在发酵步骤之前添加所述乳糖酶时,本发明的方法提供了减少或甚至消除添加到乳中的非乳糖碳水化合物的量的可能性。因此,由乳糖酶的酶促作用所形成的葡萄糖和半乳糖可用于乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌的生长。
最后,当在发酵步骤后添加乳糖酶时,有可能的是充分利用乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌的能力避免后酸化。
在世界范围内,相当多的消费者对乳糖不耐受或敏感。因此,目前对乳糖含量降低或基本上不含乳糖的乳制品(包括发酵乳制品)的需求很高。本发明提供了以简单且有成本效益的方式产生这种制品的新方法。
具体实施方式
乳糖酶
本发明的发酵乳制品的乳糖酶可以是任何乳糖酶,其在pH5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%。
对于本发明,乳糖酶的LAU活性按照如下文“定义”部分所说明的进行测量。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述乳糖酶在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少10%,优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,最优选至少80%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述乳糖酶在pH 4.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%,优选至少10%,更优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,最优选至少80%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述乳糖酶在pH 3.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%,优选至少10%,更优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,最优选至少80%。
关于本发明,乳糖酶的最佳pH通过以下方式测定:使用下文“定义”部分所示的方法测量pH下的乳糖酶活性并测定具有最佳活性的pH。在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶在10℃的温度和pH 6.0下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳温度下其活性的至少10%。优选,乳糖酶在10℃的温度和pH6.0下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳温度下其活性的至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,最优选至少80%。
关于本发明,乳糖酶的最佳温度通过以下方式测定:使用下文“定义”部分所示的方法测量不同温度下的乳糖酶活性并测定具有最佳活性的温度。
在优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃和pH 5下的乳糖酶活性为在37℃和pH6下其乳糖酶活性的至少55%,例如至少60%,至少65%,至少70%或至少75%。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃和pH 4.5下的乳糖酶活性为在37℃和pH 6下其乳糖酶活性的至少10%,例如至少20%,至少30%,至少35%或至少40%。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃下的乳糖酶活性的最佳pH高于pH 5.5。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在52℃的温度和pH6.5下的乳糖酶活性为在38℃的温度和pH 6.5下其乳糖酶活性的至少50%,例如至少55%,至少60%,至少65%,至少70%,至少75%或至少80%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶在5℃下的Km低于25mM,例如低于20mM,低于15mM或低于10mM。在另一个优选实施方案中,乳糖酶在37℃下的Km低于25mM,例如低于20mM或低于15mM。技术人员将知道如何测定在特定温度下乳糖酶活性的Km。Km可以通过WO2009/071539所述的方法测定。
在另一个优选实施方案中,所述酶当水解乳制品中的乳糖时具有的乳糖酶与半乳糖基转移酶(transgalactosylase)活性的比率大于1:1,例如大于2:1或大于3:1。在另一个优选实施方案中,酶处理在酶的乳糖酶活性高于半乳糖基转移酶活性的条件下进行,例如高至少两倍或至少三倍。
乳制品中乳糖酶与半乳糖基转移酶活性的比率可以例如通过HPLC分析测定。在另一个优选实施方案中,酶处理在其中至少50%(w/w%)的被水解的乳糖转化为游离半乳糖的条件下进行。在另一个优选实施方案中,酶处理在其中被水解的乳糖转化为等量的游离葡萄糖和游离半乳糖的条件下进行。
在本发明的上下文中,乳糖酶是具有将二糖乳糖水解成组成型半乳糖和葡萄糖单体的能力的糖苷水解酶。本发明的乳糖酶所属的乳糖酶组包括但不限于分配至EC3.2.1.108亚类的酶。分配至其他亚类例如EC3.2.1.23的酶也可以是在本发明语境中的乳糖酶。在本发明的上下文中,乳糖酶可以具有除乳糖水解活性之外的其他活性,例如转半乳糖基化活性。在本发明的上下文中,乳糖酶的乳糖水解活性可以称为其乳糖酶活性或β-半乳糖苷酶活性。
待用于本发明方法中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶可以是动物、植物或微生物来源的。优选的乳糖酶来自微生物来源,特别是来自丝状真菌或酵母,或来自细菌。
所述酶可以例如衍生自以下菌株:伞菌属(Agaricus),例如,双孢蘑菇(A.bisporus);Ascovaginospora;曲霉属(Aspergillus),例如黑曲霉(A.niger)、泡盛曲霉(A.awamori)、臭曲霉(A.foetidus)、日本曲霉(A.japonicus)、米曲霉(A.oryzae);念珠菌属(Candida);毛壳属(Chaetomium);Chaetotomastia;网柄菌属(Dictyostelium),例如盘基网柄菌(D.discoideum);克鲁维酵母属(Kluveromyces),例如脆壁克鲁维酵母(K.fragilis)、乳酸克鲁维酵母(K.lactis);毛霉属(Mucor),例如爪哇毛霉(M.javanicus)、高大毛霉(M.mucedo)、细孢毛霉(M.subtilissimus);脉孢菌属(Neurospora),例如粗糙脉孢菌(N.crassa);根毛霉属(Rhizomucor),例如微小根毛霉(R.pusillus);根霉属(Rhizopus),例如无根根霉(R.arrhizus)、日本根霉(R.japonicus)、匍枝根霉(R.stolonifer);核盘菌属(Sclerotinia),例如大豆核盘菌(S.libertiana);串酵母属(Torula);球拟酵母属(Torulopsis);毛癣菌属(Trichophyton),例如红色毛癣菌(Trichophyton rubrum);维氏核盘菌属(Whetzelinia),例如,维氏核盘菌(W.sclerotiorum);芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),例如凝结芽孢杆菌(B.coagulans)、环状芽胞杆菌(B.circulans)、巨大芽孢杆菌(B.megaterium)、休闲地芽胞杆菌(B.novalis)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)、短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B.stearothermophilus)、苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis);双歧杆菌属(Bifidobactgerium),例如长双歧杆菌(B.longum)、两歧双歧杆菌(B.bifidum)、动物双歧杆菌(B.animalis);金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium);柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter),例如弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(C.freundii);梭菌属(Clostridium),例如产气荚膜梭菌(C.perfringens);色二孢属(Diplodia),例如棉色二孢(D.gossypina);肠杆菌属(Enterobacter),例如产气肠杆菌(E.aerogenes)、阴沟肠杆菌(E.cloacae);爱德华菌属(Edwardsiella),迟缓爱德华菌(E.tarda);欧文氏菌属(Erwinia),例如草生欧文氏菌(E.herbicola);埃希氏菌属(Escherichia),例如大肠杆菌(E.coli);克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella),例如肺炎克雷伯氏菌(K.pneumoniae);Miriococcum;漆斑菌(Myrothesium);毛霉属(Mucor);脉孢菌属(Neurospora),例如粗糙脉孢霉(N.crassa);变形杆菌属(Proteus),例如普通变形杆菌(P.vulgaris);普罗威登斯菌属(Providencia),例如斯氏普罗威登斯菌(P.stuartii);密孔菌属(Pycnoporus),例如朱红密孔菌(Pycnoporuscinnabarinus)、血红密孔菌(Pycnoporus sanguineus);瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus),例如扭链瘤胃球菌(R.torques);沙门氏菌(Salmonella),例如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(S.typhimurium);沙雷氏菌属(Serratia),例如液化沙雷氏菌(S.liquefasciens)、粘质沙雷氏菌(S.marcescens);志贺氏菌属(Shigella),例如福氏志贺菌(S.flexneri);链霉菌属(Streptomyces),例如抗生链霉菌(S.antibioticus)、栗色浑圆链霉菌(S.castaneoglobisporus)、紫红链霉菌(S.violeceoruber);栓菌属(Trametes);木霉属(Trichoderma),例如里氏木霉(T.reesei)、绿色木霉(T.viride);耶尔森氏菌属(Yersinia),例如小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌(Y.enterocolitica)。
在优选的实施方案中,乳糖酶来源于细菌,例如来自双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae),例如双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium),例如来自两歧双歧杆菌、动物双歧杆菌或长双歧杆菌的菌株。在更优选的实施方案中,乳糖酶源自两歧双歧杆菌。
在优选的实施方案中,用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶包含氨基酸序列,所述氨基酸序列与选自由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931、SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4及其乳糖酶活性片段组成的组的序列至少50%相同。在更优选的实施方案中,酶包含氨基酸序列,所述氨基酸序列与选自由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931、SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4及其乳糖酶活性片段组成的组的序列至少60%,例如至少70%,至少80%,至少90%,至少95%或至少98%相同。
优选的酶是具有与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931或其乳糖酶活性片段至少50%,例如至少60%,至少70%,至少80%,至少90%,至少95%或至少98%相同的序列的乳糖酶。SEQ ID NO:1的这种乳糖酶活性片段可以是SEQ ID NO:1的具有乳糖酶活性的任何片段。SEQ ID NO:1的乳糖酶活性片段可以是例如SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-979、氨基酸28-1170、氨基酸28-1323、氨基酸28-1331或氨基酸28-1600。
在优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶包含与SEQ IDNO:2的氨基酸28-1331至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。在更优选的实施方案中。所述酶包含与SEQ ID No:2的氨基酸28-1331至少60%,例如至少70%,至少80%,至少90%,至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
在另一个实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶具有与SEQ IDNO:3至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。优选地,所述酶具有与SEQ ID NO:3至少60%,例如至少70%,至少80%,至少90%,至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
在另一个实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶具有与SEQ IDNO:4至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。优选,所述酶具有与SEQ ID NO:4至少60%,例如至少70%,至少80%,至少90%,至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
出于本发明的目的,使用Needleman-Wunsch算法(Needleman and Wunsch(1970)J.Mol.Biol.48:443-453),优选3.0.0或更高版本,测定两条氨基酸序列之间的同一性程度,如所述算法在EMBOSS软件包的Needle程序中实施(EMBOSS:The European MolecularBiology Open Software Suite,Rice et al.(2000)Trends in Genetics 16:276-277)。使用的可选参数是空位开放罚分10,空位延伸罚分0.5和EBLOSUM62(BLOSUM62的EMBOSS版本)取代矩阵。标记为“最长同一性”的Needle的输出(使用-no brief选项获得)用作百分比同一性,并计算如下:
(相同残基x 100)/(比对长度-比对中空位的总数)
适用于本发明的特定商业乳糖酶是可从Amano Enzyme Europe获得的乳糖酶F“Amano”100SD。
待用于本发明方法中的乳糖酶可以是细胞外的。它们可以在其N-末端具有在分泌过程中会被切除的信号序列。
待用于本发明方法中的乳糖酶可以衍生自本文提到的任何来源。术语“衍生”在本文中是指酶可以从其天然存在的生物中分离,即酶的氨基酸序列同一性与天然酶相同。术语“衍生的”还指酶可以在宿主生物中重组产生,重组产生的酶具有与天然酶相同的特性或具有修饰的氨基酸序列,例如,具有一个或多个缺失、插入和/或取代的氨基酸,即重组产生的酶是天然氨基酸序列的突变体和/或片段。在天然酶的含义内包括天然变体。此外,术语“衍生”包括通过例如肽合成而合成产生的酶。术语“衍生”还包括已经通过糖基化、磷酸化等修饰的酶,无论是体内还是体外。对于重组产生的酶,术语“衍生自”是指酶的特性,而不是重组产生它的宿主生物的特性。
乳糖酶可以通过使用任何合适的技术从微生物获得。例如,可以通过合适的微生物发酵和随后通过本领域已知的方法从所得的发酵培养液或微生物中分离乳糖酶制品而获得乳糖酶制品。乳糖酶也可以通过使用重组DNA技术获得。这种方法通常包括培养用重组DNA载体转化的宿主细胞,所述重组DNA载体包含编码所讨论乳糖酶的DNA序列,并且所述DNA序列与适当的表达信号可操作地连接,使得其能够在允许表达乳糖酶并从培养物中回收乳糖酶的条件下在培养基中表达乳糖酶。也可以将DNA序列并入宿主细胞的基因组中。DNA序列可以是基因组来源、cDNA来源或合成来源或这些的任何组合,并且可以根据本领域已知的方法分离或合成。
可以纯化待用于本发明方法中的乳糖酶。本文所用的术语“纯化”涵盖基本上不含来自生产生物的不溶性组分的乳糖酶蛋白质。术语“纯化”还涵盖基本上不含来自获得它的天然生物的不溶性组分的乳糖酶酶蛋白质。优选,它还从其所衍生的生物体和培养基的一些可溶性组分中分离。更优选,它通过一种或多种单元操作分离:过滤、沉淀或色谱法。
因此,可以纯化具有乳糖酶活性的酶,即只存在少量其他蛋白质。表述“其他蛋白质”特别涉及其他酶。本文所用的术语“纯化”还指除去其他组分,特别是其他蛋白质,最特别是存在于乳糖酶来源的细胞中的其他酶。乳糖酶可以是“基本上纯的”,即不含来自产生它的生物的其他组分,即所述生物例如用于重组产生的乳糖酶的宿主生物。优选,乳糖酶是至少40%(w/w)纯的酶蛋白制剂,更优选至少50%、60%、70%、80%或甚至至少90%纯的。
术语具有乳糖酶活性的酶包括对于酶的催化活性可能必要的任何辅助化合物,例如合适的受体或辅因子,其可能会或可能不会天然存在于反应系统中。
酶可以是适合于所讨论用途的任何形式,例如以干粉或颗粒、无尘颗粒、液体、稳定的液体或受保护的酶的形式。
乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌
术语“乳糖代谢缺陷”和“乳糖缺陷”在本发明的上下文中用于表征部分或完全丧失使用乳糖作为细胞生长或维持细胞活力的来源的能力的LAB。各LAB能够代谢选自蔗糖、半乳糖和/或葡萄糖或另一种可发酵碳水化合物的一种或几种碳水化合物。由于这些碳水化合物不是以足以支持乳糖缺陷型突变体发酵的量天然存在于乳中,因此有必要向乳中添加这些碳水化合物。可以将乳糖缺陷型和部分缺陷型LAB表征为在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上的白色菌落。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳糖缺陷型菌株能够代谢选自由蔗糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖组成的组的非乳糖碳水化合物,优选蔗糖。在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳糖缺陷型菌株能够代谢半乳糖。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳糖缺陷型菌株选自由乳糖缺陷型嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)和乳糖缺陷型德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillusdelbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus)组成的组。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳糖缺陷型菌株选自由以下组成的组:
(a)嗜热链球菌菌株,所述菌株是:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号DSM 28952保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124(Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und ZellkulturenGmbH,Inhoffenstr.7B,D-38124Braunschweig)的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28952的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力。
(b)嗜热链球菌菌株,其菌株为:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号为DSM 28953保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28953的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力。
(c)德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种,所述菌株是:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号DSM 28910保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28910的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,起子培养物含有至少一种乳糖缺陷型嗜热链球菌和至少一种乳糖缺陷型德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种两者。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,起子培养物含有至少一种嗜热链球菌和至少一种德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种两者,其中所有嗜热链球菌和所有德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株都是乳糖缺陷型。
本发明方法的步骤
在本发明的具体实施方案中,通过选自由以下组成的组的方法终止发酵步骤:1)发酵乳的酸化,使得至少一种起子培养物菌株不能生长,2)冷却处理和3)耗尽非乳糖碳水化合物。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,在发酵步骤开始时将非乳糖碳水化合物添加到乳基材中。
优选地,将非乳糖碳水化合物以测量的量添加到乳基质中以便耗尽,并因此终止乳酸菌的生长并终止发酵。优选地,将非乳糖碳水化合物以测量的量添加到乳基材中以便耗尽,并因此在选定的靶pH值下终止乳酸菌的生长并终止发酵。
待添加到乳基质中的非乳糖碳水化合物的量取决于许多参数,包括起子培养物中使用的乳酸菌菌株、乳基材的组成、发酵温度和所需的靶pH。而且,待添加到乳基质中的非乳糖碳水化合物的量可取决于所述方法中使用的乳糖酶的类型和量。待添加到乳基材中的非乳糖碳水化合物的量可以通过实验确定,并且进行这种实验完全在技术人员的技术范围内。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,添加的非乳糖碳水化合物选自由蔗糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖组成的组,优选蔗糖。
在本发明的第一方面,在发酵步骤开始时将低pH稳定的乳糖酶添加到乳基质中。在这方面,添加的乳糖酶会将乳基质的乳糖转化为葡萄糖和半乳糖,除了添加的非乳糖碳水化合物之外,其将可用于起子培养物的代谢。在这种情况下,不可能通过耗尽添加的非乳糖碳水化合物来终止发酵。因此,在本发明第一方面的具体实施方案中,发酵步骤通过选自由以下组成的组的方法终止:1)发酵乳的酸化,使得至少一种起子培养物菌株不能生长,和2)冷却处理。
在本发明第一方面的具体实施方案中,在发酵步骤中不添加非乳糖碳水化合物,并且起子培养物的至少一种乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌株能够代谢选自由葡萄糖和半乳糖组成的组的碳水化合物。在这种实施方案中,起子培养物的乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌株仅在由低pH乳糖酶的酶促作用形成的葡萄糖和/或半乳糖上生长。在本发明的这种实施方案中,通过选自由以下组成的组的方法将发酵终止在靶pH值:1)发酵乳的酸化,使得至少一种起子培养物菌株不能生长,2)冷却处理和3)耗尽低pH稳定的乳糖酶形成的葡萄糖和/或半乳糖。
在本发明的第二方面,在发酵结束时将低pH稳定的乳糖酶添加到发酵乳中。在这种情况下,含乳糖酶的发酵乳制品优选在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。在本发明方法的具体实施方案中,含乳糖酶的发酵乳制品储存至少两天,优选至少3天,更优选至少4天,更优选至少5天,更优选至少6天,最优选至少7天。
在本发明第二方面的具体实施方案中,通过耗尽非乳糖碳水化合物终止发酵步骤。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,靶pH为3.2-4.8,更优选3.6-4.6,更优选3.8-4.5,最优选4.0-4.4。
本发明的具体实施方案中,发酵温度为35℃至45℃,优选37℃至43℃,更优选40℃至43℃。
在本发明的另一个具体实施方案中,发酵为15℃至35℃,优选25℃至35℃,更优选30℃至33℃。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,在15℃至45℃的温度下包装发酵乳制品。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,当终止发酵后在用于发酵的温度下储存20小时的时间段时,发酵乳制品的pH值保持在0.3个pH单位的范围内,优选在0.2个pH单位的范围内,最优选在0.1个pH单位的范围内。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,添加的非乳糖碳水化合物的量为1mg/g至30mg/g,优选2mg/g至20mg/g,更优选3mg/g至10mg/g乳基质。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,添加的非乳糖碳水化合物的量为0.1%至10%,优选0.2%至8%,优选0.3%至2%,优选0.4%至1.5%,或更优选0.5%至1.2%,其中%是基于乳基质的(w/w)。
起子培养物可具有任何用于产生特定类型的发酵乳制品的常规乳酸菌起子培养物(包括单菌株培养物和培养物混合物)的菌株组成。除了起子培养物之外,可以添加到制品中的其他有用细菌包括益生菌双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium spp.)。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,对发酵后的发酵乳制品进行热处理,以便将起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g发酵乳制品。在这种情况下,一个具体实施方案的特征在于在热处理后添加乳糖酶。在这种情况下,含乳糖酶的发酵乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。在本发明方法的具体实施方案中,含乳糖酶的发酵乳产品储存至少两天,优选至少3天,更优选至少4天,更优选至少5天,更优选至少6天,最优选至少7天。
将起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp02CFU/g发酵乳的热处理优选通过以下方式进行:使起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受50℃至110℃,优选50℃至100℃,优选50℃至90℃,优选60℃至85℃,更优选65℃至82℃,最优选70℃至80℃的温度。热处理优选进行5秒至180秒,优选5秒至120秒,更优选5秒至90秒,更优选5秒至60秒,更优选8秒至50秒,最优选10至40秒。优选地,起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp01CFU/g发酵乳,更优选0CFU/g。经过热处理以使细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g的发酵乳制品适于在环境温度下储存,例如在至少5℃,优选至少10℃,更优选至少15℃,最优选至少20℃的温度下储存。
以合适的量添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶,以在所选择的反应条件下达到所需的乳糖水解程度。在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳糖酶以如下的量添加:每升乳基质100-20000LAU,优选每升乳基质100-10000LAU,优选每升乳基质100-5000LAU,优选每升乳基质小于3000LAU,例如小于1500LAU,小于1000LAU,小于750LAU或小于500LAU。
在优选的实施方案中,以如下浓度添加乳糖酶:乳基质中每克乳糖5-400LAU,优选乳基质中每克乳糖5-200LAU,优选乳基质中每克乳糖5-100LAU,优选乳基质中每克乳糖小于50LAU,例如小于40LAU,小于30LAU,小于20LAU或小于10LAU。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,以如下量添加乳糖酶到乳基质中:2.0mg/ml至50mg/ml,优选5mg/ml至48mg/ml,更优选10mg/ml至46mg/ml,最优选20mg/ml至45mg/ml。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,发酵结束时乳糖的残留水平小于40mg/ml,优选小于35mg/ml,更优选小于30mg/ml,更优选小于25mg/ml,更优选小于20mg/ml,更优选小于15mg/ml,更优选小于10mg/ml,更优选小于5mg/ml,更优选小于3mg/ml,最优选小于1.5mg/ml。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,发酵步骤开始时乳基质的乳糖含量为30.0mg/ml至70mg/ml,优选为35mg/ml至65mg/ml,更优选40mg/ml至60mg/ml,最优选50mg/ml至60mg/ml。
在本发明的其中在发酵步骤结束时将低pH稳定的乳糖酶添加到所述方法中的优选实施方案中,所述乳糖酶待添加至的发酵乳制品具有粘度,这使得发酵乳制品中的乳糖酶易于分布,通过例如混合。
在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,待添加到所述方法中的乳糖酶以无菌制剂提供。在本发明方法的另一优选实施方案中,在无菌条件下例如通过无菌过滤乳糖酶溶液,将乳糖酶添加到所述方法中。
发酵乳制品
本发明进一步涉及通过本发明的方法产生的发酵乳制品。
在一个具体实施方案中,本发明涉及通过本发明的方法产生的发酵乳制品,所述发酵乳制品包含所述方法步骤3)的起子培养物和所述方法步骤4)中添加的低pH稳定的乳糖酶。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,发酵乳制品是可以使用选自由乳糖缺陷型嗜热链球菌和乳糖缺陷型德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种组成的组的乳酸菌菌株产生的产品。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,发酵乳制品选自由以下组成的组:酸奶、乳脂干酪(cream cheese)、酸乳(sour milk)、酸奶油、酪乳、发酵乳清、培养乳、斯美塔那(Smetana)、克非尔(Kefir)、饮用酸奶和养乐多(Yakult)。优选地,酸奶选自由凝固型酸奶、搅拌型酸奶和饮用酸奶组成的组。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,发酵乳制品含有选自由水果饮料、发酵谷物产品、化学酸化谷物产品、豆奶制品及其任何混合物组成的组的其他食品。
发酵乳制品通常含有水平为基于重量2.0%至基于重量3.5%的蛋白质。发酵乳制品也可以是蛋白质水平为基于重量1.0%至基于重量2.0%的低蛋白质制品。或者,发酵乳制品可以是蛋白质水平为高于基于重量3.5%的高蛋白质制品。
用途
本发明还涉及在产生发酵乳制品方法中的用途,所述方法包括以下步骤:
1)将包含至少一种乳酸菌菌株的起子培养物添加到乳基质中,和
2)将所述乳发酵一段时间直至达到靶pH,
其中,
3)所述起子培养物包含至少一种能够代谢非乳糖碳水化合物的乳糖缺陷型菌株,和
4)在发酵步骤的开始、期间或结束时添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶至所述方法,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%。
定义
关于本发明,以下定义适用:
“LAU”表示“乳糖单位”,1乳糖酶单位(1LAU)是在乳糖浓度为4.75%w/v时,在pH6.5和37℃下在M缓冲液中每分钟释放1微摩尔葡萄糖的酶的量。M-缓冲液通过以下方式制备:将3.98g C6H5Na3O7-2H2O、8.31g柠檬酸、0.9g K2SO4、2.6g K2HPO4、7.35g KH2PO4、5.45gKOH、4.15g MgCl2-6H2O、3.75g CaCl2-2H2O和1.4g NaHCO3溶解于4升水,添加12.5ml 4NNaOH,用HCl调节至pH 6.5,加水至总体积为5升。
可以通过直接测量在上述条件下由乳糖释放的葡萄糖来测定以LAU表示的具体乳糖酶的活性。技术人员将知道如何测定这种活性。或者,可以通过使用本申请的实施例1描述的乳糖酶活性测定来测定活性。此处,通过比较用已知活性的乳糖酶运行的标准曲线和由此计算的未知样品的活性来获得活性。已知活性的乳糖酶可以是例如从丹麦的Novozymes A/S获得的Lactozym。
表述“热处理”是指使用任何温度、持续任何时间段和通过任何方式或设备进行,使起子培养物的至少一部分细菌失活的任何处理。在这方面,术语“失活”是指细菌生长的任何终止、减少或抑制,例如细胞溶解。
表述“乳酸菌”(“LAB”)表示革兰氏阳性、微需氧或厌氧细菌,其通过产生酸来发酵糖,所述酸包括乳酸作为主要产生的酸、乙酸和丙酸。工业上最有用的乳酸菌见于“乳杆菌目(Lactobacillales)”,其包括乳球菌属种(Lactococcus spp.)、链球菌属种(Streptococcus spp.)、乳杆菌属种(Lactobacillus spp)、明串珠菌属种(Leuconostocspp.)、假明串珠菌属种(PseudoLeuconostoc spp.)、片球菌属种(Pediococcus spp.)、短杆菌属种(Brevibacterium spp.)、肠球菌属种(Enterococcus spp.)和丙酸杆菌属种(Propionibacterium spp.)。它们经常单独或与其他乳酸菌组合用作食品培养物。
通常将乳酸菌,包括乳杆菌属和乳球菌属物种中的细菌作为用于批量起子繁殖的冷冻或冻干培养物或作为所谓的“直投式”(Direct Vat Set,DVS)培养物供应给乳制品工业,用于直接接种到发酵容器或发酵槽中以产生乳制品,例如发酵乳制品或干酪。这种乳酸菌培养物通常称为“起子培养物”或“起子”。通常,用于酸奶的起子培养物包含嗜热链球菌和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种,并且在大多数国家,酸奶是通过立法定义为使用包含两种所述菌株的起子培养物生产的发酵乳制品。
术语“乳”应理解为通过对诸如奶牛、绵羊、山羊、水牛或骆驼等任何哺乳动物挤奶获得的乳状分泌物。在优选的实施方案中,乳是牛乳。术语乳还包括由植物材料制成的蛋白质/脂肪溶液,诸如豆奶。
术语“乳基质(milk substrate)”可以是可以经历根据本发明的方法发酵的任何未加工的和/或加工的乳材料。因此,有用的乳基质包括但不限于任何乳或包含蛋白质的乳状产品的溶液/悬浮液,例如全脂乳或低脂乳、脱脂乳、酪乳、复原乳粉(reconstitutedmilk powder)、炼乳、乳粉(dried milk)、乳清、乳清渗透物、乳糖、乳糖结晶的母液、乳清蛋白浓缩物或奶油。显然,乳基质可以来自任何哺乳动物,例如是基本上纯的哺乳动物乳,或复原乳粉。
在发酵之前,可以根据本领域已知的方法将乳基质均质化并进行巴氏灭菌。
本文所用的“均质化”是指强烈混合以获得可溶性悬浮液或乳液。如果在发酵之前进行均质化,则可以进行均质化以将乳脂分解成更小的尺寸,使得它不再与乳分离。这可以通过在高压下迫使牛乳通过小孔来实现。
本文所用的“巴氏灭菌”是指处理乳基质以减少或消除例如微生物等活生物的存在。优选地,通过将指定温度保持指定的时间段来实现巴氏灭菌。通常通过加热来达到指定的温度。可以选择温度和持续时间,以杀死或灭活某些细菌,例如有害细菌。随后可以进行快速冷却步骤。
本发明方法中的“发酵”是指通过微生物的作用将碳水化合物转化为醇或酸。优选地,本发明方法中的发酵包括将乳糖转化为乳酸。
用于产生乳制品的发酵方法是众所周知的,并且本领域技术人员将知道如何选择合适的工艺条件,例如温度、氧气、微生物的量和特性以及处理时间。显然,选择发酵条件以支持实现本发明,即获得固体形式(例如干酪)或液体形式(例如发酵乳制品)的乳制品。
在描述本发明的上下文中(特别是在以下权利要求的上下文中)术语“一(a)”和“一(an)”和“所述(the)”以及类似的指示符的使用应解释为涵盖单数和复数,除非本文另有说明或与上下文明显矛盾。除非另有说明,否则术语“包含”、“具有”、“包括”和“含有”应解释为开放式术语(即,意为着“包括但不限于”)。除非本文另有说明,否则本文中对数值范围的列举仅旨在用作单独提及落入该范围内的每个单独值的简写方法,并且每个单独值并入本说明书中,如同其在本文中单独列举一样。除非本文另有说明或上下文明显矛盾,否则本文所述的所有方法均可以任何合适的顺序进行。除非另外声明,否则本文提供的任何和所有实例或示例性语言(例如,“诸如”)的使用仅旨在更好地说明本发明,而不是对本发明的范围进行限制。不应将说明书中的语言解释为表明任何未要求保护的要素对于本发明的实践是必不可少的。
表述“发酵乳制品”是指食品或饲料制品,其中所述食品或饲料制品的制备涉及用乳酸菌发酵乳基质。本文所用的“发酵乳制品”包括但不限于诸如高温发酵乳制品等制品,例如酸奶,常温发酵乳制品,例如酸奶油和酪乳,以及发酵乳清。
本文的术语“嗜热生物”是指在高于35℃的温度下成长得最好的微生物。工业上最有用的嗜热细菌包括链球菌属种和乳杆菌属种。本文的术语“高温发酵”是指在高于约35℃的温度下发酵,例如在约35℃至约45℃之间。术语“高温发酵乳制品”是指通过嗜热起子培养物的高温发酵制备的发酵乳制品,并且包括诸如凝固型酸奶、搅拌型酸奶和饮用酸奶例如养乐多的发酵乳制品。
本文中的术语“嗜温生物”是指在中等温度(15℃-35℃)下成长得最好的微生物。工业上最有用的嗜温菌包括乳球菌属种和明串珠菌属种。本文的术语“常温发酵”是指在约22℃至约35℃的温度下发酵。术语“常温发酵乳制品”是指通过嗜温起子培养物的常温发酵制备的发酵乳制品,包括诸如酪乳、酸乳、培养乳、斯美塔那(smetana)、酸奶油、克非尔(Kefir)和新鲜干酪的发酵乳制品,所述新鲜干酪例如夸克(quark)和特沃劳格(tvarog)和乳脂干酪。
关于本发明,“剪切应力”可以通过以下方法测量:
产生七天后,使发酵乳制品升温至13℃并用勺子轻轻地手动搅拌(5次)直至样品均匀。通过使用鲍勃杯(bob-cup)在流变仪(具有ASC(Automatic Sample Changer,自动进样器)的Anton Paar Physica Rheometer,AntonGmbH,Austria)上评估样品的流变性质。在测量期间将流变仪设定为13℃的恒定温度。设置如下:
保持时间(重建到一些原始结构)
5分钟,不对样品施加任何物理应力(振荡或旋转)。
振荡步骤(分别测量弹性模量和粘性模量,即G'和G”,因此计算复数模量G*)
恒定应变=0.3%,频率(f)=[0.5...8]Hz
60s(秒内)6个测量点(每10s一个)
旋转步骤(以300 1/s测量剪切应力)
设计了两个步骤:
1)剪切速率=[0.3-300]1/s和2)剪切速率=[275-0.3]1/s。
每个步骤在210s内包含21个测量点(每10s)。
选择300 1/s下的剪切应力用于进一步分析,因为这与吞咽发酵乳制品时的口腔厚度相关。
对于本发明,“凝胶硬度”可以通过以下方法测量:
凝胶硬度通过背面挤出试验用配有35mm平行板的质构分析仪(TA.XT Plus,Stable Micro System,Surrey,UK)测量。移动距离设定为15mm,移动速度设定为2mm/s。在生产7天后进行测试。将发酵乳制品升温至13℃并轻轻地手动搅拌,并在250g塑料容器中测量。通过力与距离曲线获得的最大力(N或g)用作“凝胶硬度”参数,正面积(N*mm)用作变形程度,最大负力(N)用作稠度。
术语“低pH稳定的乳糖酶”在本文中是指,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%的乳糖酶。
术语“在最佳pH下的活性”是指在乳糖酶具有最佳活性的pH下的乳糖酶活性。
术语“非乳糖碳水化合物”是指不是乳糖、并且本发明的方法所用的乳糖缺陷型乳酸细菌能够代谢的任何碳水化合物。
表述“在发酵步骤开始时”是指在将起子培养物添加到乳基质中之前不久、同时或之后不久。在此,术语“不久”是指小于30分钟。
表述“在发酵步骤期间”意指在发酵开始之后和发酵结束之前期间的任何时间。
表述“在发酵步骤结束时”表示在达到靶pH之前不久、同时或之后不久。在此,术语“不久”是指小于30分钟。
术语“靶pH”是指发酵步骤结束时的pH。取决于所述方法的各种参数,通过选自由以下组成的组的方法终止发酵步骤:1)发酵乳的酸化,使得至少一种起子培养物菌株不能生长,2)冷却处理和3)耗尽非乳糖碳水化合物。
保藏和专家方案
申请人要求保藏的微生物样品应仅由申请人批准的专家获得。
嗜热链球菌菌株于2014-06-12以保藏号为DSM 28952保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124。
嗜热链球菌菌株于2014-06-12保藏号为DSM 28953保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124。
德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株于2014-06-12以保藏号为DSM 28910保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124;
根据国际上承认的用于专利程序的微生物保藏的布达佩斯条约进行保藏。
实施例
实施例1
Eppendorf管中37℃、pH6.5下的乳糖酶活性测定
原理:
乳糖酶将乳糖水解成葡萄糖和半乳糖。根据通常葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的改良版本测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)。
LAU定义为在M-缓冲液中在37℃、pH 6.5每分钟释放1微摩尔葡萄糖的酶量(本专利申请的说明书中定义了M-缓冲液)。或者以LAU表示的具体乳糖酶的活性可以通过本文描述的方法测定。将获得的值与使用已知活性的乳糖酶运行的标准曲线进行比较,并由此计算未知样品的活性。已知活性的乳糖酶可以是例如从丹麦Novozymes A/S获得的Lactozym。
溶液
测定缓冲液:50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2、0.01%Triton X100,pH 6.5
GOD-Perid溶液:65mM磷酸钠,pH 7,0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶,0.013g/l HRP(辣根过氧化物酶),0.65g/l ABTS(2,2'-连氮基-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸))。
底物
160mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1momMgCl2,pH 6.5。
标准品
使用具有以LAU/g表示的已知活性的Lactozym(可获得自Novozymes A/S,丹麦)作为标准品,以0.09-0.7LAU/g的范围在测定缓冲液中稀释。
样品
将酶样品在测定缓冲液中适当稀释。
程序:
1.将375μl底物在37℃孵育5分钟。
2.添加25μl在测定缓冲液中稀释的酶。
3.30分钟后添加60μl 1M NaOH终止反应
4.将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板并添加200μl GOD-Perid溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
实施例2
通过将15g或30g喷雾干燥的乳清渗透物粉末(Variolac,Arla)分别在85ml或70ml离子水中混合,制备100ml 15%或30%(w/w)主要含有乳糖和离子的乳清渗透物。将溶液倒入含有磁力搅拌棒的烧瓶中,并置于37℃的水浴中。15min(分钟)后加入酶。测试的酶是Lactozym,一种可从丹麦Novozymes A/S商购获得的乳糖酶,其活性为3060LAU/g,以及来自两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)的实验性乳糖酶,其具有SEQ ID NO:2所示的编码序列和295LAU/g的活性。
剂量为Lactozym 4225LAU/l乳和双歧杆菌乳糖酶2025LAU/l乳。定期采集乳样品至5.5hr(小时)。通过在热混合器中加热至99℃,持续10分钟使酶失活。将样品适当稀释并利用0.20μm过滤器过滤。
使用配备有Dionex PA1柱和脉冲安培检测仪(Pulsed AmperiometriskDetektor)(PAD)的Dionex BioLC测量乳糖水解。通过与乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖的已知标准进行比较来鉴定和定量峰。
下文给出了结果。
表1:用Lactozym或双歧杆菌乳糖酶处理后15%DS乳清渗透物中的乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。
表2:用Lactozym或双歧杆菌乳糖酶处理后30%DS乳清渗透物中的乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。
此外,当在较高的乳糖浓度下进行测试时,如在15%或30%乳清渗透物中,没有或很少产生低聚半乳糖。同样,产生的半乳糖和葡萄糖水平相等并且与水解的乳糖的量相匹配。相比之下,Lactozym产生的半乳糖比葡萄糖少,这清楚地表明已经产生了低聚半乳糖。
实施例3
使用乳糖作为底物,来自两歧双歧杆菌的实验性乳糖酶的pH曲线(在37℃下)和温度曲线(在pH 6.5下)。
原理:
乳糖酶水解乳糖并形成葡萄糖+半乳糖。根据通常葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的修改版本测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)
pH曲线
底物:
167mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调节至pH 3、4、5、6、7、8、9和10。
酶样品:
将来自两歧双歧杆菌、具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在150mMKCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释。
程序:
·在室温下将10μl在酶稀释缓冲液中稀释的酶样品添加到PCR管中。
·在室温下添加90μl底物,并在37℃快速置于Peltier热循环仪(PCT-200,MJ研究)中并孵育30min,然后置于冰上。
·通过加入100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
·将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,添加230μl 65mM的磷酸钠,pH 7、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
表3:
pH | 两歧双歧杆菌乳糖酶相对活性(pH6下的%活性) |
3 | 0 |
4 | 4 |
5 | 75 |
6 | 100 |
7 | 85 |
8 | 39 |
9 | 10 |
10 | 4 |
温度曲线
底物
167mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调节至pH 6.5。
酶样品
将来自两歧双歧杆菌、具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释,并将pH调节至pH 6.5。
程序:
·在室温下将10μl在酶稀释缓冲液中稀释的酶样品添加到PCR管中。
·添加90μl预热(在Peltier热循环仪中30-70℃)的底物并用从30-70℃的温度梯度孵育30min,然后置于冰上。
·添加100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
·将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,添加230μl 65mM的磷酸钠,pH7、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
表4:
实施例4
在5℃下测定乳糖酶的Km
原理:
乳糖酶水解乳糖并形成葡萄糖+半乳糖。根据通常葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的修改版本测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)
底物:
从Km/5至10*Km的不同的乳糖浓度、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mMKCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调节至pH 6.5。
酶样品:
将来自两歧双歧杆菌、具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释,并用NaOH将pH调节至pH 6.5。
将12g/l Lactozym(来自丹麦Novozymes A/S的商业可得乳糖酶)在相同缓冲液中稀释6000倍。
程序:
-将10μl酶样品(5℃)添加到置于冰上的96孔微量滴定板中。
-添加90μl底物(5℃)并在5℃下孵育2小时。
-添加100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
-将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,添加230μl 65mM的磷酸钠,pH7、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
Km测定:
使用计算机化非线性最小二乘拟合和Michaelis-Menten方程:
v=(Vmax*S)/(Km+S)
双歧杆菌乳糖酶和Lactozym的Km经测定分别为8mM和30mM。
在37℃下进行的类似测试中,双歧杆菌乳糖酶和Lactozym的Km分别测定为13mM和30mM。
实施例5
使用来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物产生酸奶—不同水平的蔗糖和乳糖酶
实验计划
对于选择的低pH稳定乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物的组合,测试添加的两种水平的蔗糖(0.5%和0.7%)和添加的两种水平的乳糖酶(800LAU/L和1000LAU/L)。作为参考,进行没有添加乳糖酶和具有两种水平的蔗糖(1.0%和1.5%)的发酵。在发酵开始时添加乳糖酶与起子培养物。
乳基质
表5:乳基质的组成
起子培养物
起子培养物由以下组成:保藏号为DSM 28952的嗜热链球菌菌株、保藏号为DSM28953的嗜热链球菌菌株和保藏号为DSM 28910的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶,具有SEQ ID NO:2的编码序列。
测量
使用MilkoScan分析测定脂肪、蛋白质和乳糖水平。
在5℃下在储存28天的时间段测量后酸化。
通过HPLC测量产生后第1天和第14天的发酵乳中蔗糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、果糖和乳糖的水平。
凝胶硬度
凝胶硬度通过背面挤出测试用配有35mm平行板的质构分析仪(TA.XT Plus,Stable Micro System,Surrey,UK)测量。移动距离设定为15mm,移动速度设定为2mm/s。在生产7天后进行测试。将发酵乳制品升温至13℃,轻轻地手动搅拌,并在250g塑料容器中测量。通过力与距离曲线获得的最大力(g)用作“凝胶硬度”参数。
剪切应力
孵育7天后,将发酵乳制品升温至13℃并用勺子轻轻地手动搅拌(5次)直至样品均匀。通过使用鲍勃杯在流变仪(具有ASC(Automatic Sample Changer,自动进样器)的AntonPaar Physica Rheometer,Anton GmbH,Austria)上评估样品的流变性质。在测量期间将流变仪设定为13℃的恒定温度。设置如下:
保持时间(重建到一些原始结构)
5分钟,不对样品施加任何物理应力(振荡或旋转)。
振荡步骤(分别测量弹性模量和粘性模量,即G'和G”,因此计算复数模量G*)
恒定应变=0.3%,频率(f)=[0.5...8]Hz
60s(秒内)6个测量点(每10s一个)
旋转步骤(以300 1/s测量剪切应力)
设计了两个步骤:
1)剪切速率=[0.3-300]1/s和2)剪切速率=[275-0.3]1/s。
每个步骤在210s内包含21个测量点(每10s)。
选择300 1/s下的剪切应力用于进一步分析,因为这与吞咽发酵乳制品时的口腔厚度相关。
程序
将乳基质的成分混合并使其在5℃下再水合2小时。然后将乳基质在90℃下巴氏灭菌20分钟。发酵在43℃下进行至最终pH为4.55以形成酸奶。将酸奶在PTU(后处理单元)中在25℃的冷却温度、2巴(bar)下冷却。将冷却的酸奶储存在6℃。
结果
后酸化
表6:后酸化
对于所有6个样品,即2个参照样品和4个根据本发明产生的样品(测试样品),在7小时内达到约pH 4.55。
从表6中可以看出,与参照样品相比,对于根据本发明产生的样品,28天时间段的后酸化大大降低。
碳水化合物分析
表7:产生1天后的残余碳水化合物水平
*值介于检测限度和定量限度之间。
表7的所有水平均为两个样品的平均值。
对于4个测试样品,在发酵结束时,与参照样品相比,乳糖水平非常低,并且葡萄糖和半乳糖的水平非常高,这表明添加的乳糖酶活性高。对于使用乳糖酶水平为1000LAU/L的测试样品而言,获得的残余乳糖水平约为约0.04%,对于使用乳糖酶水平为800LAU/L的测试样品而言,获得残余乳糖水平为约0.1%。
具有低乳糖水平和高葡萄糖和半乳糖水平的发酵乳比具有高乳糖水平和低葡萄糖和半乳糖水平的发酵乳(如参照样品)具有高得多的水平的感知甜度。其原因是葡萄糖和半乳糖具有比乳糖高得多的甜味指数。
凝胶硬度
表8:凝胶硬度
表8的所有水平都是两个样品的平均值。
如表8所示,4个测试样品中的3个具有比2个参照样品明显更高的凝胶硬度。
剪切应力
表9:在300s-1下测量的剪切应力
表9的所有水平都是两个样品的平均值。
如表9所示,4个测试样品在300s-1下测量的剪切应力明显高于2个参照样品。在4个测试样品组中,组合1)添加的蔗糖水平为0.5%以及乳糖酶水平为1000LAU/L,和组合2)添加的蔗糖水平为0.7%以及乳糖酶水平为800LAU/L具有最高的剪切应力。
实施例6
使用来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物产生酸奶-在发酵前加入过量蔗糖I
实验计划
用不含乳糖酶但含有9.5%蔗糖的参照样品和含有800LAU/L乳糖酶以及6.5%和7.0%蔗糖的2个测试样品进行发酵。在发酵开始时将乳糖酶与起子培养物一起加入。
乳基质
表10:基础乳基质1的组成
表11:基础乳基质的2组成
使用基础乳基质2通过添加另外的蔗糖制备参照样品和两个测试样品的最终乳基质。
起子培养物
起子培养物由以下组成:保藏号为DSM 28952的嗜热链球菌菌株、保藏号为DSM28953的嗜热链球菌菌株和保藏号为DSM 28910的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶,具有SEQ ID NO:2的编码序列。
测量
所有测量均使用与实施例5中相同的方法进行。
程序
将乳基质的成分混合并使其在5℃下再水合2小时。然后将乳基质在95℃下巴氏灭菌5分钟。然后将乳基质在65℃、200巴下均质化。发酵在43℃下进行至最终pH为4.55以形成酸奶。将酸奶在PTU(后处理单元)中在25℃的冷却温度、2巴下冷却。将冷却的酸奶储存在6℃。
结果
后酸化
表12:后酸化
样品 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
乳糖酶(LAU/L) | 0 | 800 | 800 |
发酵时间 | 6h 15min | 6h 15min | 6h 15min |
最终pH | 4.55 | 4.51 | 4.51 |
第4天的pH | 4.54 | 4.44 | 4.44 |
第7天的pH | 4.51 | 4.42 | 4.42 |
第14天的pH | 4.40 | 4.38 | 4.37 |
第21天的pH | 4.38 | 4.38 | 4.37 |
第28天的pH | 4.36 | 4.37 | 4.36 |
pH下降 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.15 |
碳水化合物分析
表13:碳水化合物分析
表13的所有水平是两个样品的平均值。
如表13所示,对于2个测试样品而已,在发酵结束时,与参照样品相比,乳糖水平非常低,并且葡萄糖和半乳糖的水平非常高,这表明添加的乳糖酶活性高。
具有低乳糖水平和高葡萄糖和半乳糖水平的发酵乳具有比具有高乳糖水平和低葡萄糖和半乳糖水平的发酵乳(如参照样品)高得多的水平的甜度。其原因是葡萄糖和半乳糖具有比乳糖高得多的甜度。
凝胶硬度和剪切应力
表14:300s-1下的凝胶硬度和剪切应力
如表14所示,与不含乳糖酶的参照样品相比,含有乳糖酶的两个测试样品在300s-1下的剪切应力显著增加。
实施例7
使用来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物产生酸奶-在发酵前加入过量蔗糖II
实验计划
用不含乳糖酶但含有1.5%和9.5%蔗糖的两个参照样品和含有1000LAU/L乳糖酶以及0.5%、6.5%和7.0%蔗糖的3个测试样品进行发酵。在发酵开始时将乳糖酶与起子培养物一起加入。
乳基质
使用实施例6的两种基础乳基质通过加入另外的蔗糖制备参照样品和三个测试样品的最终乳基质。
起子培养物
起子培养物由以下组成:保藏号为DSM 28952的嗜热链球菌菌株、保藏号为DSM28953的嗜热链球菌菌株和保藏号为DSM 28910的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶,具有SEQ ID NO:2的编码序列。
测量
所有测量均使用与实施例5中相同的方法进行。
程序
将乳基质的成分混合并使其在5℃下再水合2小时。然后将乳基质在90℃下巴氏灭菌20分钟。发酵在43℃下进行至最终pH为4.55以形成酸奶。将酸奶在PTU(后处理单元)中在25℃的冷却温度、2巴下冷却。将冷却的酸奶储存在6℃。
结果
后酸化
表15:后酸化
*通过在pH=4.55下冷却来终止发酵。
如表15所示,对于不含乳糖酶的参照样品和含有乳糖酶的测试样品,后酸化处于相同水平。
碳水化合物分析
表16:第1天的碳水化合物分析
表17:第28天的碳水化合物分析
如表16和17所示,对于3个测试样品而言,在发酵结束时,与参照样品相比,乳糖水平非常低,并且葡萄糖和半乳糖的水平非常高,这表明添加的乳糖酶活性高。
具有乳糖低水平和葡萄糖和半乳糖高水平的发酵乳比具有乳糖高水平和葡萄糖和半乳糖低水平的发酵乳(例如参照样品)具有高得多的水平的甜度。其原因是葡萄糖和半乳糖具有比乳糖高得多的甜度。
凝胶硬度和剪切应力
表18:凝胶硬度和剪切应力
如表18所示,与不含乳糖酶的参照样品相比,含有乳糖酶的3个测试样品的剪切应力显著增加。
实施例8
使用来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物产生酸奶-在发酵前和发酵后添加乳糖酶
实验计划
表19:实验计划
样品 | 乳糖酶添加的时机 | 乳基质 | 蔗糖(%) | 乳糖酶(LAU/L) |
1 | 无 | 1 | 0.70 | 0 |
2 | 与培养物一起 | 1 | 0.70 | 600 |
3 | 与培养物一起 | 1 | 0.70 | 800 |
4 | 与培养物一起 | 1 | 0.70 | 1000 |
5 | 与培养物一起 | 1 | 0.70 | 1400 |
6 | 无 | 2 | 0.97 | 0 |
7 | 发酵后 | 2 | 0.97 | 800 |
8 | 发酵后 | 2 | 0.97 | 1600 |
9 | 发酵后 | 2 | 0.97 | 2400 |
10 | 发酵后 | 2 | 0.97 | 3200 |
发酵温度为43℃。最终pH为4.50。将乳基质的成分混合并使其在6℃下再水合2小时。然后将乳基质在95℃下巴氏灭菌5分钟,并在65℃、200/50巴下均质化。发酵在43℃下进行至最终pH为4.50以形成酸奶。将酸奶冷却至6℃。将冷却的酸奶储存在6℃。
起子培养物
起子培养物由以下组成:保藏号为DSM 28952的嗜热链球菌菌株、保藏号为DSM28953的嗜热链球菌菌株和保藏号为DSM 28910的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶,具有SEQ ID NO:2的编码序列。
乳基质
表20:乳基质1的组成
表21:乳基质2的组成
测量
所有测量均使用与实施例5中相同的方法进行。
结果
后酸化
表22:后酸化
*蔗糖不足以获得发酵至靶pH。因此,该样品不能用作参照。
从表22可以看出,对于在发酵开始时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,在42天中的后酸化处于低于0.09的低水平,对于在发酵结束时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,低于0.05的更低水平。与没有添加乳糖酶的参照样品相比,在发酵结束时添加乳糖酶不会导致统计上不同的后酸化。因此,本实验表明,使用低pH稳定的乳糖酶组合乳糖缺陷型起子培养物不会导致低后酸化的不可接受的增加,这可以通过这种起子培养获得。当在发酵开始和结束时添加乳糖酶时都是如此。
凝胶硬度和剪切应力
表23:凝胶硬度和剪切应力
*蔗糖不足以获得发酵至靶pH。因此,此样品不能用作参照。
如表23所示,对于在发酵开始时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,获得了高水平的凝胶硬度和剪切应力。对于在发酵结束时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的乳糖酶水平,凝胶硬度和剪切应力的水平稍低,这是由于乳糖酶混合到酸奶中,这部分地破坏了酸奶的质地所致。对于在发酵结束时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,凝胶硬度略高于没有添加乳糖酶的参照样品。对于在发酵结束时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,剪切应力保持在相同水平或略低。
碳水化合物分析
表24:碳水化合物分析
从表24中可以看出,在第20天,对于在发酵开始时和发酵结束时添加乳糖酶的情况下所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,形成高浓度的半乳糖和葡萄糖。此外,在第20天,葡萄糖水平低于0.5mg/g的检测限度,这在一些国家中被认为是不含乳糖的。对于较高水平的乳糖酶,大部分乳糖去除已在发酵结束后24小时获得。
实施例9
使用来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶和乳糖缺陷型起子培养物产生酸奶-在发酵前添加乳糖酶II
实验计划
表25:实验计划
样品 | 蔗糖(%) | 乳糖酶(LAU/L) |
1 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 0 | 1000 |
3 | 0 | 1200 |
4 | 0 | 1600 |
5 | 0.2 | 0 |
6 | 0.2 | 1000 |
7 | 0.2 | 1200 |
8 | 0.2 | 1600 |
9 | 0.7 | 0 |
10 | 0.7 | 1000 |
11 | 0.7 | 1200 |
12 | 0.7 | 1600 |
发酵温度为43℃。最终pH为4.45。将乳基质的成分混合并使其在6℃下再水合2小时。然后将乳基质在95℃下巴氏灭菌5分钟,并在65℃、200/50巴下均质化。发酵在43℃下进行至最终pH 4.45以形成酸奶。将酸奶冷却至5℃。将冷却的酸奶储存在6℃。
起子培养物
起子培养物由以下组成:保藏号为DSM 28952的嗜热链球菌菌株、保藏号为DSM28953的嗜热链球菌菌株和保藏号为DSM 28910的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶,具有SEQ ID NO:2的编码序列。
乳基质
表26:乳基质的组成
测量
所有测量均使用与实施例5中相同的方法进行。
结果
后酸化
表27:后酸化
从表27中可以看出,对于所测试的所有乳糖酶和蔗糖水平而言,42天中的后酸化处于非常低的水平,约为0.06。因此,本实验表明,使用低pH稳定的乳糖酶组合乳糖缺陷型起子培养物不会导致低后酸化的不可接受的增加,这可以通过这种起子培养获得。
凝胶硬度和剪切应力
表28:凝胶硬度和剪切应力
从表28中可以看出,对于所测试的所有乳糖酶水平,获得了高水平的凝胶硬度和剪切应力。对于所测试的所有三种乳糖酶水平,凝胶硬度和剪切强度处于相同的量级。
碳水化合物分析
表29:碳水化合物分析
如表29所示,对于含有乳糖酶的测试样品,在发酵结束时,与参照样品相比,乳糖水平非常低,并且葡萄糖和半乳糖的水平非常高,这表明添加的乳糖酶活性高。
具有乳糖低水平和葡萄糖和半乳糖高水平的发酵乳比具有乳糖高水平和葡萄糖和半乳糖低水平的发酵乳(例如参照样品)具有高得多的水平的甜度。其原因是葡萄糖和半乳糖具有比乳糖高得多的甜度。
序列表
SEQ ID NO.:1显示了SEQ ID NO.4的突变体的序列。
SEQ ID NO.:2显示了SEQ ID NO.4的突变体的序列。
SEQ ID NO.:3显示了来自两歧双歧杆菌DSM20215的乳糖酶序列。
SEQ ID NO.:4显示了来自两歧双歧杆菌NCIMB41171的乳糖酶序列,其核苷酸序列在NCBI中的登录号为DQ448279。
SEQ ID NO:4在下述文献中有讨论,它在下述文献中称为bbgIII:
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2007)76:1365-1372,T K Goulas et al.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2009)82:1079-1088,T Goulas et al.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2009)84:899-907,T Goulas et al.
序列表
<110> 科·汉森有限公司
<120> 产生发酵乳制品的方法
<130> P6170PC00
<160> 4
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 1931
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)
<400> 1
Met Lys Lys Pro Leu Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Ser Ile Ala Ser Ala Ala Val Glu Asp Ala
20 25 30
Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr Pro Glu Val Ala
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr Ser Asp Phe Asp
50 55 60
Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln Ala Gln Asp Pro
65 70 75 80
Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu Pro His Asp Tyr
85 90 95
Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Glu Ser Ala Tyr
100 105 110
Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe Thr Ile Asp Arg
115 120 125
Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp Gly Val Tyr Met
130 135 140
Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly Thr His Pro Tyr
145 150 155 160
Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn Ala Lys Phe Gly
165 170 175
Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg Leu Pro Ser Ser
180 185 190
Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val Thr Leu Thr Val
195 200 205
Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala Ile Lys Thr Pro
210 215 220
Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met Asn Leu Thr Thr
225 230 235 240
Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Leu Lys Gln
245 250 255
Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala Ile Gly Thr Val
260 265 270
Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Val Thr
275 280 285
Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser Ile Lys Asn Pro
290 295 300
Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly Gly Lys Val Leu
305 310 315 320
Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Ala
325 330 335
Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys Leu Lys Gly Val
340 345 350
Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val Ala Asn Arg Arg
355 360 365
Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met Gly Val Asn Ser
370 375 380
Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu Ile Asp Val Cys
385 390 395 400
Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe Asp Met Trp Asn
405 410 415
Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys Trp Phe Gly Gln
420 425 430
Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp Lys Asp Glu Thr
435 440 445
Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg Asp Arg Asn Ala
450 455 460
Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met Met Glu Gly Ile
465 470 475 480
Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala Lys Leu Val Ala
485 490 495
Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr Tyr Gly Asp Asn
500 505 510
Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met Gly Asp Asn Leu
515 520 525
Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Asp Gly Ala Asn
530 535 540
Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala Ile Tyr Gly Ser
545 550 555 560
Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr Asn Arg Thr Thr
565 570 575
Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Ser
580 585 590
Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp Tyr Asp Val Val
595 600 605
Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Tyr
610 615 620
Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser Gly Ala Val Gly
625 630 635 640
Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile Val Asp Thr Ala
645 650 655
Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser Gln Trp Asn Asp
660 665 670
Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn Glu Asn Val Val
675 680 685
Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val Tyr Thr Asp Ala
690 695 700
Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser Thr Glu Lys Arg
705 710 715 720
Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr Ala Ala Gly Tyr
725 730 735
Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser Thr Ala His Lys
740 745 750
Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu Gly Thr Ile Ser
755 760 765
Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro Glu Gly Ser Thr
770 775 780
Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala Ala Lys Leu Lys
785 790 795 800
Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly Lys Asp Leu Ser
805 810 815
Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His Ile Val Pro Asp
820 825 830
Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Val
835 840 845
Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser Tyr Gln Ala Asp
850 855 860
Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile Val Gln Ser Thr
865 870 875 880
Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala Asp Gly Leu Gln
885 890 895
Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro Gly Thr Ser Thr
900 905 910
Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn Tyr Tyr Val Lys
915 920 925
Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu Val Arg Tyr Ser
930 935 940
Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp Ala Val Ser Asp
945 950 955 960
Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala Gly Thr Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp Glu Ile Gly Ala
980 985 990
Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr Pro Ala Val Leu
995 1000 1005
Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Thr Ser
1010 1015 1020
Ala Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala Asp Thr Val Tyr
1025 1030 1035
Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr Ala Thr Val Phe
1040 1045 1050
Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg Val Gln Arg Ser
1055 1060 1065
Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn Ala Leu Arg Leu
1070 1075 1080
Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp Thr Leu Asp Ala
1085 1090 1095
Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Gly Gly
1100 1105 1110
Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr Ser Lys Ala Gly
1115 1120 1125
His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala Thr Glu Gln Gln
1130 1135 1140
Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp Ser Asn Ala Val
1145 1150 1155
Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln Ile Ser Ala Asp
1160 1165 1170
Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu Thr Ile Ala Ala
1175 1180 1185
Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Phe Ala
1190 1195 1200
Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val Thr Asn Ala Asp
1205 1210 1215
Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu Ile
1220 1225 1230
Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr Asn Thr Ser Ala
1235 1240 1245
Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys Val Ser Asp Ser
1250 1255 1260
Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala Ile Ile Ala Asp
1265 1270 1275
Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Val Leu Pro
1280 1285 1290
Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu Ser Glu Asp His
1295 1300 1305
Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Glu
1310 1315 1320
Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro Ala Ala Asp Met
1325 1330 1335
Thr Val Thr Val Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly Thr Ala Thr Glu
1340 1345 1350
Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr Ser Thr Tyr Trp
1355 1360 1365
His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp Leu Trp Ile Ala
1370 1375 1380
Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala Leu Arg Tyr Leu
1385 1390 1395
Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val Thr Glu Tyr Lys
1400 1405 1410
Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr Asp Ala Gly Ser
1415 1420 1425
Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu Ala Glu Phe Asn
1430 1435 1440
Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys Ala Val His Thr
1445 1450 1455
Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser Ala Ser Glu Ile
1460 1465 1470
Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile Ser Gly Ala Thr
1475 1480 1485
Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg Val Asp Ala Asp
1490 1495 1500
His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr Val Thr Leu Gly
1505 1510 1515
Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu Leu Asp Tyr Ala
1520 1525 1530
Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr Val Arg Gly Ile
1535 1540 1545
Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Glu Leu
1550 1555 1560
Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr Ser Val Ser Val
1565 1570 1575
Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val Gly Asp Ala Phe
1580 1585 1590
Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln Leu Asn Tyr Asp Asp Asp Ser
1595 1600 1605
Thr Gly Thr Val Thr Trp Asn Thr Gln Thr Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr
1610 1615 1620
Phe Lys Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Lys Leu Lys Val Thr Asp Lys Thr
1625 1630 1635
Val Thr Val Thr Tyr Gln Gly Lys Ser Ala Val Ile Asp Ile Thr
1640 1645 1650
Val Ser Gln Pro Ala Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Thr Asp Leu Asp Lys
1655 1660 1665
Ala Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Lys Asn Pro Asp Ser Ser Lys Tyr
1670 1675 1680
Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Thr Phe Ala Asp Ala Met Ala His Ala
1685 1690 1695
Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Asp Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln Gln Asp Val Asp
1700 1705 1710
Asn Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr Asp Ala Tyr Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu
1715 1720 1725
Lys Thr Pro Glu Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Lys Ser Glu Leu Asp Lys
1730 1735 1740
Lys Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr
1745 1750 1755
Thr Ala Glu Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala
1760 1765 1770
Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Ser Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln Gln Asn Val Asp
1775 1780 1785
Ala Ala Leu Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Ala Arg Asp Gly Leu Thr Glu
1790 1795 1800
Lys Gly Glu Val Lys Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Glu Pro Gly Thr Val
1805 1810 1815
Asp Lys Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Lys Lys Val Glu Ala Glu
1820 1825 1830
Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe
1835 1840 1845
Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Gly Asn Ala Asn
1850 1855 1860
Ser Thr Gln Phe Asp Ile Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser Met Leu Asn Asp
1865 1870 1875
Ala Arg Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Pro Gly Arg Ile Ile Ala Ile
1880 1885 1890
Ile Asp Gly Ser Ala Leu Ser Lys Thr Gly Ala Ser Val Ala Ile
1895 1900 1905
Ile Ala Ser Val Ala Ala Ala Met Leu Ala Val Gly Ala Gly Val
1910 1915 1920
Met Ala Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Ser
1925 1930
<210> 2
<211> 1341
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 2
Met Lys Lys Pro Leu Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Ser Ile Ala Ser Ala Ile Glu Asp Ala Thr
20 25 30
Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr Pro Glu Val Ala Tyr
35 40 45
Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala
50 55 60
Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala
65 70 75 80
Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu Pro His Asp Tyr Ser
85 90 95
Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu
100 105 110
Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp
115 120 125
Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp Gly Val Tyr Met Asn
130 135 140
Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly Thr His Pro Tyr Gly
145 150 155 160
Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly
165 170 175
Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg
180 185 190
Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val Thr Leu Thr Val Thr
195 200 205
Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser
210 215 220
Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys
225 230 235 240
Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr
245 250 255
Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala Ile Gly Thr Val Thr
260 265 270
Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Val Thr Ser
275 280 285
Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn
290 295 300
Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly Gly Lys Val Leu Asp
305 310 315 320
Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr
325 330 335
Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys Leu Lys Gly Val Ser
340 345 350
Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala
355 360 365
Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met Gly Val Asn Ser Ile
370 375 380
Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu Ile Asp Val Cys Asn
385 390 395 400
Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe Asp Met Trp Asn Arg
405 410 415
Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala
420 425 430
Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp
435 440 445
Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro
450 455 460
Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met Met Glu Gly Ile Ser
465 470 475 480
Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Ala Thr Ser Ala Lys Leu Val Ala Trp
485 490 495
Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys
500 505 510
Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr
515 520 525
Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr
530 535 540
Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu
545 550 555 560
Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly
565 570 575
Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala
580 585 590
Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp Tyr Asp Val Val Gln
595 600 605
Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu
610 615 620
Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser Gly Ala Val Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile Val Asp Thr Ala Gly
645 650 655
Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp
660 665 670
Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn Glu Asn Val Val Ala
675 680 685
Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala
690 695 700
Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser Thr Glu Gln Arg Leu
705 710 715 720
Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr
725 730 735
Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser Thr Ala His Lys Asn
740 745 750
Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala
755 760 765
Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu
770 775 780
Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr
805 810 815
Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His Ile Val Pro Asp Ala
820 825 830
Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Val Gly
835 840 845
Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn
850 855 860
Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile Val Gln Ser Thr Lys
865 870 875 880
Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser
885 890 895
Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu
900 905 910
Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr
915 920 925
Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp
930 935 940
Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp Ala Val Ser Asp Asp
945 950 955 960
Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala Gly Thr Val Ala Gly
965 970 975
Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu
980 985 990
Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr Pro Ala Val Leu Pro
995 1000 1005
Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Thr Ser Ala
1010 1015 1020
Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn
1025 1030 1035
Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr Ala Thr Val Phe Gly
1040 1045 1050
Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg Val Gln Arg Ser Gln
1055 1060 1065
Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr
1070 1075 1080
Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile
1085 1090 1095
Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala
1100 1105 1110
Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr Ser Lys Ala Gly His
1115 1120 1125
Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu
1130 1135 1140
Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp Ser Asn Ala Val Arg
1145 1150 1155
Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly
1160 1165 1170
Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln
1175 1180 1185
Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro
1190 1195 1200
Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Arg Val Thr Val Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr
1205 1210 1215
Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu
1220 1225 1230
Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Ala Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala
1235 1240 1245
Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys Val Ser Asp Ser Val
1250 1255 1260
Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala Ile Ile Ala Asp Val
1265 1270 1275
Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Val Leu Pro Ala
1280 1285 1290
His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu Ser Glu Asp His Val
1295 1300 1305
Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe
1310 1315 1320
Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Gln His Gln His Gln His Gln
1325 1330 1335
His Gln Gln
1340
<210> 3
<211> 1752
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 3
Met Ala Val Arg Arg Leu Gly Gly Arg Ile Val Ala Phe Ala Ala Thr
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Leu Ser Ile Pro Leu Gly Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser Ala Trp Ala
20 25 30
Val Glu Asp Ala Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr
35 40 45
Pro Glu Val Val Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr
50 55 60
Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln
65 70 75 80
Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu
85 90 95
Pro His Asp Tyr Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala
100 105 110
Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe
115 120 125
Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp
130 135 140
Gly Val Tyr Met Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly
145 150 155 160
Thr His Pro Tyr Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn
165 170 175
Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg
180 185 190
Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val
195 200 205
Thr Leu Thr Val Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala
210 215 220
Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met
225 230 235 240
Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile
245 250 255
Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala
260 265 270
Ile Gly Thr Val Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser
275 280 285
Ala Asp Val Thr Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser
290 295 300
Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly
305 310 315 320
Gly Lys Val Leu Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr
325 330 335
Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys
340 345 350
Leu Lys Gly Val Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val
355 360 365
Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met
370 375 380
Gly Val Asn Ser Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu
385 390 395 400
Ile Asp Val Cys Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe
405 410 415
Asp Met Trp Asn Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys
420 425 430
Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp
435 440 445
Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg
450 455 460
Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met
465 470 475 480
Met Glu Gly Ile Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala
485 490 495
Lys Leu Val Ala Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr
500 505 510
Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met
515 520 525
Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser
530 535 540
Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala
545 550 555 560
Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr
565 570 575
Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser
580 585 590
Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp
595 600 605
Tyr Asp Val Val Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr
610 615 620
Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Gly Ala Val Gly Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile
645 650 655
Val Asp Thr Ala Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser
660 665 670
Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn
675 680 685
Glu Asn Val Val Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val
690 695 700
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser
705 710 715 720
Thr Glu Lys Arg Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr
725 730 735
Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser
740 745 750
Thr Ala His Lys Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu
755 760 765
Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro
770 775 780
Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly
805 810 815
Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His
820 825 830
Ile Val Pro Asp Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala
835 840 845
Gly Lys Leu Val Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser
850 855 860
Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile
865 870 875 880
Val Gln Ser Thr Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala
885 890 895
Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro
900 905 910
Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn
915 920 925
Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu
930 935 940
Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp
945 950 955 960
Ala Val Ser Asp Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Thr Val Ala Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp
980 985 990
Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr
995 1000 1005
Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly
1010 1015 1020
Thr Val Thr Ser Ala Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala
1025 1030 1035
Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr
1040 1045 1050
Ala Thr Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg
1055 1060 1065
Val Gln Arg Ser Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn
1070 1075 1080
Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp
1085 1090 1095
Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn
1100 1105 1110
Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr
1115 1120 1125
Ser Lys Ala Gly His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala
1130 1135 1140
Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp
1145 1150 1155
Ser Asn Ala Val Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln
1160 1165 1170
Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu
1175 1180 1185
Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr
1190 1195 1200
Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val
1205 1210 1215
Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly
1220 1225 1230
Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr
1235 1240 1245
Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys
1250 1255 1260
Val Ser Asp Ser Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala
1265 1270 1275
Ile Ile Ala Asp Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val
1280 1285 1290
Thr Val Leu Pro Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu
1295 1300 1305
Ser Glu Asp His Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly
1310 1315 1320
Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro
1325 1330 1335
Ala Ala Asp Met Thr Val Thr Val Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly
1340 1345 1350
Thr Ala Thr Glu Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr
1355 1360 1365
Ser Thr Tyr Trp His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp
1370 1375 1380
Leu Trp Ile Ala Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala
1385 1390 1395
Leu Arg Tyr Leu Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val
1400 1405 1410
Thr Glu Tyr Lys Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr
1415 1420 1425
Asp Ala Gly Ser Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu
1430 1435 1440
Ala Glu Phe Asn Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys
1445 1450 1455
Ala Val His Thr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser
1460 1465 1470
Ala Ser Glu Ile Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile
1475 1480 1485
Ser Gly Ala Thr Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg
1490 1495 1500
Val Asp Ala Asp His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr
1505 1510 1515
Val Thr Leu Gly Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu
1520 1525 1530
Leu Asp Tyr Ala Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr
1535 1540 1545
Val Arg Gly Ile Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe
1550 1555 1560
Thr Ile Glu Leu Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr
1565 1570 1575
Ser Val Ser Val Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val
1580 1585 1590
Gly Asp Ala Phe Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln His Asp Arg
1595 1600 1605
Gln Ala Asp Arg Pro Pro Gln Pro Leu Val Gly Glu Gln Ala Asp
1610 1615 1620
Glu Arg Gly Leu Thr Cys Gly Thr Arg Cys Asp Arg Val Glu Gln
1625 1630 1635
Leu Arg Lys His Glu Asn Arg Glu Ala His Arg Thr Gly Leu Asp
1640 1645 1650
His Leu Glu Phe Val Gly Ala Ala Asp Gly Ala Val Gly Glu Gln
1655 1660 1665
Ala Thr Phe Lys Val His Val His Ala Asp Gln Gly Asp Gly Arg
1670 1675 1680
His Asp Asp Ala Asp Glu Arg Asp Ile Asp Pro His Val Pro Val
1685 1690 1695
Asp His Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Ala Arg Ala Ala Cys His His Val
1700 1705 1710
Ile Gly Leu Arg Val Asp Thr His Arg Leu Lys Ala Ser Gly Phe
1715 1720 1725
Gln Ile Pro Ala Asp Asp Met Ala Glu Ile Asp Arg Ile Thr Gly
1730 1735 1740
Phe His Arg Phe Glu Arg His Val Gly
1745 1750
<210> 4
<211> 1935
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 4
Met Ala Val Arg Arg Leu Gly Gly Arg Ile Val Ala Phe Ala Ala Thr
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Leu Ser Ile Pro Leu Gly Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser Ala Trp Ala
20 25 30
Val Glu Asp Ala Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr
35 40 45
Pro Glu Val Val Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr
50 55 60
Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln
65 70 75 80
Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu
85 90 95
Pro His Asp Tyr Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala
100 105 110
Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe
115 120 125
Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp
130 135 140
Gly Val Tyr Met Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly
145 150 155 160
Thr His Pro Tyr Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn
165 170 175
Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg
180 185 190
Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val
195 200 205
Thr Leu Thr Val Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala
210 215 220
Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asn Val Thr Met
225 230 235 240
Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Lys Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile
245 250 255
Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala
260 265 270
Ile Gly Thr Val Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser
275 280 285
Ala Asp Val Thr Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser
290 295 300
Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly
305 310 315 320
Gly Lys Val Leu Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr
325 330 335
Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys
340 345 350
Leu Lys Gly Val Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val
355 360 365
Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met
370 375 380
Gly Val Asn Ser Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu
385 390 395 400
Ile Asp Val Cys Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe
405 410 415
Asp Met Trp Asn Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys
420 425 430
Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp
435 440 445
Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg
450 455 460
Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met
465 470 475 480
Met Glu Gly Ile Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala
485 490 495
Lys Leu Val Ala Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr
500 505 510
Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met
515 520 525
Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser
530 535 540
Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala
545 550 555 560
Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr
565 570 575
Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser
580 585 590
Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp
595 600 605
Tyr Asp Val Val Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr
610 615 620
Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Gly Ala Val Gly Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile
645 650 655
Val Asp Thr Ala Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser
660 665 670
Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn
675 680 685
Glu Asn Val Val Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val
690 695 700
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser
705 710 715 720
Thr Glu Lys Arg Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr
725 730 735
Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ala Asp Lys Asp Ser
740 745 750
Thr Ala His Lys Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu
755 760 765
Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro
770 775 780
Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly
805 810 815
Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His
820 825 830
Ile Val Pro Asp Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala
835 840 845
Gly Lys Leu Val Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser
850 855 860
Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile
865 870 875 880
Val Gln Ser Thr Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala
885 890 895
Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro
900 905 910
Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn
915 920 925
Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu
930 935 940
Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp
945 950 955 960
Ala Val Ser Asp Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Thr Val Ala Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp
980 985 990
Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr
995 1000 1005
Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly
1010 1015 1020
Thr Val Thr Ser Ala Asn Phe Ala Val Asp Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala
1025 1030 1035
Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr
1040 1045 1050
Ala Thr Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg
1055 1060 1065
Val Gln Arg Ser Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn
1070 1075 1080
Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp
1085 1090 1095
Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn
1100 1105 1110
Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr
1115 1120 1125
Ser Lys Ala Gly His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala
1130 1135 1140
Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp
1145 1150 1155
Ser Asn Ala Val Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln
1160 1165 1170
Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu
1175 1180 1185
Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr
1190 1195 1200
Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val
1205 1210 1215
Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly
1220 1225 1230
Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr
1235 1240 1245
Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys
1250 1255 1260
Val Ser Asp Ser Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala
1265 1270 1275
Ile Ile Ala Asp Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val
1280 1285 1290
Thr Val Leu Pro Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu
1295 1300 1305
Ser Glu Asp His Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly
1310 1315 1320
Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro
1325 1330 1335
Ala Ala Asp Met Thr Val Thr Ala Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly
1340 1345 1350
Thr Ala Thr Glu Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr
1355 1360 1365
Ser Thr Tyr Trp His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp
1370 1375 1380
Leu Trp Ile Ala Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala
1385 1390 1395
Leu Arg Tyr Leu Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val
1400 1405 1410
Thr Glu Tyr Lys Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr
1415 1420 1425
Asp Ala Gly Ser Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu
1430 1435 1440
Ala Glu Phe Asn Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys
1445 1450 1455
Ala Val His Thr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser
1460 1465 1470
Ala Ser Glu Ile Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile
1475 1480 1485
Ser Gly Ala Thr Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg
1490 1495 1500
Val Asp Ala Asp His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr
1505 1510 1515
Val Thr Leu Gly Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu
1520 1525 1530
Leu Asp Tyr Ala Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr
1535 1540 1545
Val Arg Gly Ile Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe
1550 1555 1560
Thr Ile Glu Leu Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr
1565 1570 1575
Ser Val Ser Val Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val
1580 1585 1590
Gly Asp Ala Phe Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln Leu Asn Tyr
1595 1600 1605
Asp Asp Asp Ser Thr Gly Thr Val Thr Trp Asn Thr Gln Thr Ala
1610 1615 1620
Gly Asp Phe Thr Phe Lys Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Lys Leu Lys Val
1625 1630 1635
Thr Asp Lys Thr Val Thr Val Thr Tyr Gln Gly Lys Ser Ala Val
1640 1645 1650
Ile Asp Ile Thr Val Ser Gln Pro Ala Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Thr
1655 1660 1665
Asp Leu Asp Lys Ala Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Lys Asn Pro Asp
1670 1675 1680
Ser Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Thr Phe Ala Asp Ala
1685 1690 1695
Met Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Asp Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln
1700 1705 1710
Gln Asp Val Asp Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr Asp Ala Tyr Ala
1715 1720 1725
Gly Leu Thr Glu Lys Thr Pro Glu Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Lys Ser
1730 1735 1740
Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp
1745 1750 1755
Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Glu Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala
1760 1765 1770
Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Ser Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln
1775 1780 1785
Gln Asp Val Asp Ala Ala Leu Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Ala Arg Asp
1790 1795 1800
Gly Leu Thr Glu Lys Gly Glu Val Lys Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Glu
1805 1810 1815
Pro Gly Thr Val Asp Lys Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Lys Lys
1820 1825 1830
Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser
1835 1840 1845
Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile
1850 1855 1860
Gly Asn Ala Asn Ser Thr Gln Phe Asp Ile Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser
1865 1870 1875
Met Leu Asn Asp Ala Arg Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Pro Gly Arg
1880 1885 1890
Ile Ile Ala Ile Ile Asp Gly Gly Ala Leu Ser Lys Thr Gly Ala
1895 1900 1905
Ser Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ser Val Ala Ala Ala Met Lys Ala Val
1910 1915 1920
Gly Ala Gly Val Met Ala Leu Arg Pro Pro Lys Trp
1925 1930 1935
PCT/RO/134表
Claims (15)
1.产生发酵乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将包含至少一种乳酸菌菌株的起子培养物添加到乳基质中,
2)将所述乳基质发酵一段时间直至达到靶pH值,
3)其中所述起子培养物包含能够代谢非乳糖碳水化合物的至少一种乳糖缺陷型菌株,和
4)在所述发酵步骤的开始、期间或结束时向所述方法添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在pH5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最适pH下其活性的至少5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在10℃的温度和pH6.0下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最适温度下其活性的至少10%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述乳糖缺陷型菌株能够代谢选自由蔗糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖组成的组的非乳糖碳水化合物。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中在所述发酵步骤开始时将非乳糖碳水化合物添加到所述乳基质中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中以测量的量将所述非乳糖碳水化合物添加到所述乳基质中以便耗尽,并且从而导致终止乳酸菌的生长和导致终止所述发酵。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中在所述发酵步骤开始时将所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶添加到所述乳基质中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中在所述发酵步骤中不添加非乳糖碳水化合物,并且其中所述起子培养物的至少一种乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌株能够代谢选自由葡萄糖和半乳糖组成的组的碳水化合物。
8.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法,其中在所述发酵步骤结束时将所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶添加到所述乳基质中。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述乳糖缺陷型菌株选自由乳糖缺陷型嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)和乳糖缺陷型德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus)组成的组。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述乳糖缺陷型菌株选自由以下组成的组:
(a)嗜热链球菌菌株,所述菌株是:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号DSM 28952保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28952的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力;
(b)嗜热链球菌菌株,所述菌株是:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号DSM 28953保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28953的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力;
(c)德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株,所述菌株是:
(i)2014年6月12日以保藏号DSM 28910保藏于DSMZ-德国微生物保藏中心,布伦瑞克因霍芬街7B,D-38124的菌株;
(ii)或衍生自DSM 28910的菌株,其中所述衍生菌株被进一步表征为具有在含有乳糖和X-Gal的培养基上产生白色菌落的能力。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其中所述起子培养物含有至少一种乳糖缺陷型嗜热链球菌和至少一种乳糖缺陷型德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种两者。
12.根据权利要求9-11中任一项所述的方法,其中所述起子培养物含有至少一种嗜热链球菌和至少一种德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种二者,其中所有嗜热链球菌和所有德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株都是乳糖缺陷型。
13.发酵乳制品,其通过权利要求1-12所述的方法产生。
14.在用于产生发酵乳制品的方法中的用途,所述方法包括以下步骤:
1)将包含至少一种乳酸菌菌株的起子培养物添加到乳基质中,
2)将所述乳基质发酵一段时间直至达到靶pH值,
其中
3)所述起子培养物包含至少一种乳糖缺陷型菌株,其能够代谢非乳糖碳水化合物,和
4)在所述发酵步骤的开始、期间或结束时向所述方法添加低pH稳定的乳糖酶,其中所述低pH稳定的乳糖酶在pH5.0和37℃的温度下保持其活性水平为相比所述乳糖酶在最佳pH下其活性的至少5%。
15.根据权利要求14所述的用途,相比于使用乳糖缺陷型乳酸菌且不使用乳糖酶,以及相比于使用低pH稳定的乳糖酶和乳糖阳性乳酸菌,所述用途增加所述发酵乳制品的质地。
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PCT/EP2018/050708 WO2018130630A1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2018-01-12 | Process for producing a fermented milk product |
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EP (2) | EP3821712B1 (zh) |
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CA (1) | CA3045577A1 (zh) |
DK (2) | DK3568024T3 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA201991400A1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI3821712T3 (zh) |
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EP3821712B1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2022-11-09 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Fermented milk product obtained by an improved process |
DK3599877T3 (da) | 2017-03-28 | 2022-08-15 | Chr Hansen As | Mælkesyrebakteriesammensætning til fremstilling af fermenterede fødevarer med øget naturlig sødme og smag |
EP3609910A1 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2020-02-19 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Lactase enzymes with improved properties |
JP2019058132A (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-18 | 株式会社明治 | 発酵乳及び発酵乳の製造方法 |
EP3866606B1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2024-05-01 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Lactase enzymes with improved properties at acidic ph |
BR112021017846A2 (pt) * | 2019-03-14 | 2021-11-30 | Dupont Nutrition Biosci Aps | Novas bactérias formadoras de ácido láctico |
CN114096156B (zh) * | 2019-05-28 | 2024-10-18 | 科·汉森有限公司 | 生产益生菌含量增加的发酵乳制品的方法 |
CA3143751A1 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-24 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Use of st gal(+) bacteria for producing a fermented milk product with a relatively high stable ph |
MX2023013507A (es) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-11-27 | Chr Hansen As | Metodo para elaborar productos de leche fermentados con textura mejorada y post-acidificacion reducida. |
WO2022258817A1 (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-15 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Use of lactase and lac(-) lactic acid bacteria (lab) for producing a fermented milk product |
MX2024007397A (es) | 2021-12-17 | 2024-08-28 | Kerry Group Services Int Ltd | Metodo de produccion de un producto lacteo fermentado. |
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DK3568024T3 (da) | 2020-12-14 |
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CA3045577A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
PL3821712T3 (pl) | 2023-03-20 |
US20190343138A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
BR112019012001A2 (pt) | 2019-11-12 |
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EA201991400A1 (ru) | 2020-01-16 |
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