CN109310101A - 乳糖含量降低的发酵乳制品 - Google Patents
乳糖含量降低的发酵乳制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109310101A CN109310101A CN201780035966.0A CN201780035966A CN109310101A CN 109310101 A CN109310101 A CN 109310101A CN 201780035966 A CN201780035966 A CN 201780035966A CN 109310101 A CN109310101 A CN 109310101A
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Abstract
酸化乳制品,其pH为3.0‑5.0,乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml,其中所述制品含有乳糖酶,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乳糖含量降低的酸化乳制品。
背景技术
WO 2009/071539公开了一种源自两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)的乳糖酶,其能够在乳中非常有效地水解,并且在宽泛的pH范围内具有活性,包括低pH,例如低于5的pH。乳糖酶可用于生产乳和诸如干酪、酸奶、黄油、酪乳(butter milk)、酸奶油等发酵乳制品的方法中,用来降低乳糖的含量。
WO 2013/160413公开了使用葡萄糖阴性乳酸菌菌株和常规乳糖酶的组合生产发酵乳制品的方法,目的是降低发酵乳制品中乳糖的含量,同时增加葡萄糖的含量。
EP-A1-2957180公开了一种使用起子培养物和常规乳糖酶的组合生产发酵乳制品的方法,目的是降低发酵乳制品中乳糖含量和后酸化水平。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供改善的乳糖含量降低的酸化乳制品。
本发明的目的是通过酸化乳制品实现的,所述酸化乳制品的pH为3.0-5.0,乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml,其中所述制品含有乳糖酶,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
本发明提供了在生产现场完成生产后(例如在零售商的运输和储存期间),在环境储存温度下的储存阶段(即在不需要冷藏的情况下),,改良pH在3.0和5.0之间的含乳糖食品以降低乳糖水平的可能性。本发明基于以下认知:对于低pH并且用于在环境温度下运输和储存的制品,例如,巴氏灭菌后的发酵乳制品,有可能在生产现场完成生产后,通过在普通食品生产过程完成后添加低pH活性乳糖酶,并允许乳糖酶在所述制品的随后生命期期间将乳糖转化为半乳糖和葡萄糖直至被终端消费者最终消费,来降低乳糖含量。因此,本发明允许在生产现场外以简单且有成本效益的方式获得乳糖转化步骤,因此可以通过排除完成乳糖转化的步骤简化在生产现场生产发酵乳制品的过程,从而节省时间和生产设备容量。
此外,当在发酵乳制品的热处理之后添加乳糖酶时,使用比在发酵期间乳糖酶具有活性时低的乳糖酶量是可能的,因为可以允许乳糖酶在延长的时间段具有活性,而在生产的发酵过程中,希望尽可能快地进行该过程以降低成本。大多数乳糖酶在热处理过程中会失活,因此在热处理后不具有活性。因此,本发明提供了降低乳糖酶的量的可能性,所述乳糖酶是获得发酵乳制品的乳糖含量的去除所需要的。此外,当在发酵乳制品的热处理之后添加乳糖酶时,因为乳糖引起的美拉德反应(Mailard reaction)比乳糖的碳水化合物代谢物少,所以由发酵乳制品的热处理引起的美拉德反应水平降低。最后,当在发酵乳制品的热处理之后添加乳糖酶时,可以避免发酵所用的乳酸菌对乳糖酶活性的任何不利影响。
在世界范围内,相当多的消费者对乳糖不耐受或敏感。因此,目前对乳糖含量降低或基本上不含乳糖的乳制品,包括发酵乳制品的需求很高。本发明提供了以简单且有成本效益的方式生产这种制品的新方法。
具体实施方式
乳糖酶
本发明发酵乳制品的乳糖酶可以是任何这样的乳糖酶,即所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
关于本发明,如下文“定义”部分所述测量以LAU表示的乳糖酶活性。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少10%,优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,并且最优选至少80%的水平。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH4.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%,优选至少10%,更优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,并且最优选至少80%的水平。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH3.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%,优选至少10%,更优选至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,并且最优选至少80%的水平。
关于本发明,乳糖酶的最佳pH通过使用下文“定义”部分所示的方法测量不同pH下的乳糖酶活性并确定具有最佳活性的pH来确定。特别是,在M-缓冲液中和在37℃下测量不同pH下的乳糖酶活性。或者,本申请所指出的作为乳糖酶最佳pH下活性百分比的乳糖酶活性反而被视为是在pH 6.5下乳糖酶活性的百分比。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳温度下的活性相比,在10℃的温度和pH 6.0下将其活性保持在至少10%的水平。优选地,乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳温度下的活性相比,在10℃的温度和pH 6.0下将其活性保持在至少20%,更优选至少30%,更优选至少40%,更优选至少50%,更优选至少60%,更优选至少70%,并且最优选至少80%的水平。
关于本发明,乳糖酶的最佳温度通过使用下文“定义”部分所指出的方法测量不同温度下的乳糖酶活性并确定具有最佳活性的温度来确定。或者,本申请所指出的作为乳糖酶最佳温度下活性百分比的乳糖酶活性,反而被视为是在37℃的温度下乳糖酶活性的百分比。
在优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃和pH 5下的乳糖酶活性为其在37℃和pH 6下乳糖酶活性的至少55%,例如至少60%,至少65%,至少70%或至少75%。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃和pH 4.5下的乳糖酶活性为其在37℃和pH 6下乳糖酶活性的至少10%,例如至少20%,至少30%,至少35%或至少40%。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在37℃下的乳糖酶活性最佳pH高于pH 5.5。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的乳糖酶在52℃的温度和pH6.5下的乳糖酶活性为其在38℃的温度和pH 6.5下乳糖酶活性的至少50%,例如至少55%,至少60%,至少65%,至少70%,至少75%或至少80%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,乳糖酶在5℃下的Km(米氏常数)低于25mM,例如低于20mM,低于15mM或低于10mM。在另一个优选的实施方案中,乳糖酶在37℃下的Km低于25mM,例如低于20mM或低于15mM。技术人员应当知道如何确定特定温度下乳糖酶活性的Km。Km可以通过WO2009/071539所述的方法确定。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,所述酶当水解乳制品中的乳糖时具有的乳糖酶与转半乳糖酶活性的比率大于1:1,例如大于2:1或大于3:1。在另一个优选的实施方案中,在酶的乳糖酶活性高于转半乳糖酶活性,例如至少二倍更高或至少三倍更高的条件下,进行酶处理。
乳制品中乳糖酶与转半乳糖酶活性的比率可以例如通过HPLC分析测定。在另一个优选的实施方案中,在至少50%(w/w%)水解的乳糖转化为游离半乳糖的条件下进行酶处理。在另一个优选的实施方案中,在水解的乳糖转化为等量的游离葡萄糖和游离半乳糖的条件下进行酶处理。
本发明语境下的乳糖酶是能将二糖乳糖水解成组分半乳糖单体和葡萄糖单体的糖苷水解酶。本发明的乳糖酶所属的乳糖酶组包括但不限于分配到EC3.2.1.108亚类的酶。分配到其他亚类例如EC 3.2.1.23的酶也可以是本发明语境下的乳糖酶。在本发明语境下的乳糖酶可以具有除乳糖水解活性之外的其他活性,例如转半乳糖基化活性。在本发明的上下文中,乳糖酶的乳糖水解活性可以称为其乳糖酶活性或其β-半乳糖苷酶活性。
待用于本发明方法中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶可以是动物、植物或微生物来源的。优选的乳糖酶从微生物源获得,特别是从自丝状真菌或酵母,或从细菌获得。
所述酶可以来自以下的菌株:蘑菇属(Agaricus),例如双孢蘑菇(A.bisporus);Ascovaginospora;曲霉属(Aspergillus),例如黑曲霉(A.niger)、泡盛曲霉(A.awamori)、臭曲霉(A.foetidus)、日本曲霉(A.japonicus)、米曲霉(A.oryzae);念珠菌属(Candida);毛壳菌属(Chaetomium);Chaetotomastia;网柄菌属(Dictyostelium),例如盘基网柄菌(D.discoideum);克鲁维酵母属(Kluveromyces),例如脆壁克鲁维酵母(K.fragilis)、乳酸克鲁维酵母(K.lactis);毛霉属(Mucor),例如爪哇毛酶(M.javanicus)、大毛霉(M.mucedo)、细孢毛霉(M.subtilissimus);脉孢菌属(Neurospora),例如粗糙脉孢菌(N.crassa);根毛霉属(Rhizomucor),例如微小根毛霉(R.pusillus);根霉属(Rhizopus),例如少根根霉(R.arrhizus)、日本根霉(R.japonicus)、葡枝根霉(R.stolonifer);核盘菌属(Sclerotinia),例如向日葵核盘菌(S.libertiana);色串孢属(Torula);球拟酵母属(Torulopsis);毛藓菌属(Trichophyton),例如红色毛癣菌(T.rubrum);维氏核盘菌属(Whetzelinia),例如油菜菌维氏核盘菌(W.sclerotiorum);芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),例如凝结芽孢杆菌(B.coagulans)、环状芽孢杆菌(B.circulans)、巨大芽孢杆菌(B.megaterium)、休闲地芽胞杆菌(B.novalis)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)、短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B.stearothermophilus)、苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis);双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium),例如长双歧杆菌(B.longum)、两歧双歧杆菌、动物双歧杆菌(B.animalis);金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium);柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter),例如弗罗因德氏柠檬酸杆菌(C.freundii);梭菌属(Clostridium),例如产气荚膜梭菌(C.perfringens);色二孢属(Diplodia),例如棉色二胞(D.gossypina);肠杆菌属(Enterobacter),例如产气肠杆菌(E.aerogenes)、阴沟肠杆菌(E.cloacae);爱德华氏菌属(Edwardsiella),迟钝爱德华氏菌(E.tarda);欧文氏菌属(Erwinia),例如草生欧文氏菌(E.herbicola);埃希氏菌属(Escherichia),例如大肠埃希氏菌(E.coli);克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella),例如肺炎克雷伯氏菌(K.pneumoniae);微球菌属(Miriococcum);漆斑菌属(Myrothesium);毛霉属(Mucor);脉孢菌属(Neurospora),例如粗糙脉孢菌(N.crassa);变形杆菌属(Proteus),例如普通变形杆菌(P.vulgaris);普罗威登斯菌属(Providencia),例如斯氏普罗威登斯菌(P.stuartii);秘孔菌属(Pycnoporus),例如朱红秘孔菌(Pycnoporuscinnabarinus)、血红密孔菌(Pycnoporus sanguineus);瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus),例如扭链瘤胃球菌(R.torques);沙门菌属(Salmonella),例如鼠伤寒沙门菌(S.typhimurium);沙雷菌属(Serratia),例如液化沙雷氏菌(S.liquefasciens)、粘质沙雷氏菌(S.marcescens);志贺氏菌属(Shigella),例如福氏志贺氏菌(S.flexneri);链霉菌属(Streptomyces),例如抗生链霉菌(S.antibioticus)、栗色浑圆链霉菌(S.castaneoglobisporus)、紫红链霉菌(S.violeceoruber);栓菌属(Trametes);木霉属(Trichoderma),例如里氏木霉(T.reesei)、绿色木霉(T.viride);耶尔森菌属(Yersinia),例如小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌(Y.enterocolitica)。
在优选的实施方案中,乳糖酶来源于细菌,例如来源于双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae)的细菌,例如源于双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)的细菌,例如来源于两歧双歧杆菌、动物双歧杆菌或长双歧杆菌的菌株。在更优选的实施方案中,乳糖酶来源于两歧双歧杆菌。
在优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶包含与选自由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931、SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4及其乳糖酶活性片段组成的组的序列至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。在更优选的实施方案中,所述酶包含与选自由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931,SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331,SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4及其乳糖酶活性片段组成的组的序列至少60%,例如至少70%、至少80%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
优选的酶是具有与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931或与其乳糖酶活性片段至少50%,例如至少60%、至少70%、至少80%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%相同的序列的乳糖酶。SEQ ID NO:1的这种乳糖酶活性片段可以是SEQ ID NO:1的具有乳糖酶活性的任何片段。SEQ ID NO:1的乳糖酶活性片段可以是,例如,SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-979、氨基酸28-1170、氨基酸28-1323、氨基酸28-1331或氨基酸28-1600。
在优选的实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶包含与SEQ IDNO:2的氨基酸28-1331至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。在更优选的实施方案中,所述酶包含与SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331至少60%,例如至少70%、至少80%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
在另一个实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶具有与SEQ IDNO:3至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。优选地,所述酶具有与SEQ ID NO:3至少60%,例如至少70%、至少80%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
在另一个实施方案中,待用于本发明制品中的具有乳糖酶活性的酶具有与SEQ IDNO:4至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。优选地,所述酶具有与SEQ ID NO:4至少60%,例如至少70%、至少80%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%相同的氨基酸序列。
出于本发明的目的,使用如在EMBOSS软件包(优选版本3.0.0或更新版本)(EMBOSS:The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite,Rice et al.(2000)Trends in Genetics 16:276-277)的Needle程序中执行的Needleman-Wunsch算法(Needleman and Wunsch(1970)J.Mol.Biol.48:443-453)测定两条氨基酸序列之间的同一性程度。使用的任选参数是空位开放罚分10,空位延伸罚分0.5和EBLOSUM62(BLOSUM62的EMBOSS版本)取代矩阵。标记为“最长同一性”的Needle的输出(使用-no brief选项获得)用作百分比同一性,并计算如下:
(相同的残基×100)/(比对长度–比对中的空位总数)
适用于本发明的具体商业乳糖酶是可获自Amano Enzyme Europe的乳糖酶F“Amano”100SD。
待用于本发明方法中的乳糖酶可以是细胞外的。它们在其N-末端可以具有分泌过程中被切除的信号序列。
待用于本发明方法中的乳糖酶可以衍生自本文提到的任何来源。术语“衍生”在本文中是指酶可以分离自其天然存在的生物体,即酶氨基酸序列的同一性与天然酶相同。术语“衍生”还意指酶可以在宿主生物中重组产生,重组产生的酶具有与天然酶相同的特征或具有修饰的氨基酸序列,例如具有一个或多个缺失、插入和/或取代的氨基酸,即是天然氨基酸序列的突变体和/或片段的重组产生的酶。在天然酶的含义内包括天然变体。此外,术语“衍生”包括通过例如肽合成合成产生的酶。术语“衍生”还包括无论是体内还是体外已经通过例如糖基化、磷酸化等被修饰的酶。对于重组产生的酶,术语“衍生自”是指酶的特征,而不是重组产生它的宿主生物的特征。
乳糖酶可以通过使用任何合适的技术从微生物获得。例如,可以通过合适的微生物的发酵,以及随后通过本领域已知的方法从所得的发酵液或微生物中分离乳糖酶制品来获得乳糖酶制品。乳糖酶也可以通过使用重组DNA技术获得。这种方法通常包括培养用重组DNA载体转化的宿主细胞,所述重组DNA载体包含编码所讨论乳糖酶的DNA序列,并且所述DNA序列与适当的表达信号可操作地连接,使得其能够在允许表达酶的条件下在培养基中表达乳糖酶并从培养物中回收酶。也可以将DNA序列并入宿主细胞的基因组中。DNA序列可以是基因组的DNA序列、cDNA或合成来源或这些的任何组合,并且可以根据本领域已知的方法分离或合成。
可以纯化本发明方法待用的乳糖酶。本文所用的术语“纯化”涵盖基本上不含来自生产生物体的不溶性组分的乳糖酶蛋白。术语“纯化”还涵盖基本上不含来自获得它的天然生物体的不溶性组分的乳糖酶酶蛋白。优选地,它还与衍生它的生物体和培养基的一些可溶性组分分离。更优选地,它通过一种或多种单元操作分离:过滤、沉淀或层析。
因此,可以纯化具有乳糖酶活性的酶,即只存在少量其他蛋白质。表述“其他蛋白”特别涉及其他酶。本文所用的术语“纯化”还指除去其他组分,特别是其他蛋白质,最特别是乳糖酶来源的细胞中存在的其他酶。乳糖酶可以是“基本上纯的”,即不含来自产生它的生物体的其它组分,即例如用于重组产生的乳糖酶的宿主生物体。优选地,乳糖酶在至少40%(w/w)纯的酶蛋白制剂,更优选至少50%、60%、70%、80%或甚至至少90%纯。
术语具有乳糖酶活性的酶包括酶催化活性可能必要的任何辅助化合物,例如可能或可能不天然存在于反应系统中的合适的受体或辅因子。
酶可以采用适合于所讨论用途的任何形式,例如采用干粉或颗粒、无尘颗粒、液体、稳定的液体或受保护的酶的形式。
酸化乳制品
在本发明的具体实施方案中,本发明酸化制品的pH为3.2-4.8,更优选3.4-4.6,最优选3.6-4.4。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,酸化乳制品是化学酸化乳制品。酸化可以通过批准用于食品的任何酸化剂进行,例如乳酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、磷酸、富马酸、果汁、果肉和水果复合物(fruit compound)。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,酸化乳制品是通过使用起子培养物发酵生产的发酵乳制品。起子培养物可以是用于生产具体类型的发酵乳制品的任何常规乳酸菌起子培养物,包括单菌株培养物和培养物混合物。除了起子培养物之外,可以向制品中添加其他有用的细菌,包括益生菌双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium spp)。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,发酵后的发酵乳制品已经经受了热处理,以便将起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,并且其中已经在热处理后添加了乳糖酶。
起子培养物可以是用于生产具体类型的发酵制品的任何常规乳酸菌起子培养物,包括单菌株培养物和培养物混合物。在本发明制品的优选实施方案中,进行发酵以获得3.0-5.0,优选3.2-4.8,更优选3.4-4.6,最优选3.6-4.4的pH。
优选通过使起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受50℃至110℃,优选50℃至100℃,优选50℃至90℃,优选60℃至85℃,更优选65℃至82℃,最优选70℃至80℃的温度,进行将起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp02CFU/g发酵乳的热处理。热处理优选进行5秒至180秒,优选5秒至120秒,更优选5秒至90秒,更优选5秒至60秒,更优选8秒至50秒,并且最优选10秒至40秒。优选地,起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp01CFU/g发酵乳,更优选0CFU/g。
以合适的量添加酶,以在所选择的反应条件下达到所需的乳糖水解程度。在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳制品含有的乳糖酶的量为每升乳制品100-20000LAU,优选每升乳制品100-10000LAU,优选每升乳制品100-5000LAU,优选每升乳制品小于3000LAU,例如小于1500LAU,小于1000LAU,小于750LAU或小于500LAU。
在优选的实施方案中,以乳制品中每克乳糖5-400LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖5-200LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖5-100LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖小于50LAU,例如小于40LAU,小于30LAU,小于20LAU或小于10LAU的浓度添加乳糖酶。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,酸化乳制品的乳糖含量为2.0mg/ml至50mg/ml,优选5mg/ml至48mg/ml,更优选10mg/ml至46mg/ml,并且最优选20mg/ml至45mg/ml。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,酸化乳制品含有选自由水果饮料、发酵谷物制品、化学酸化谷物制品、大豆制品及其任何混合物组成的组的其他食品。
酸化乳制品通常含有2.0重量%至3.5重量%水平的蛋白质。酸化乳制品也可以是蛋白质水平为1.0%重量至2.0%重量的低蛋白质制品。或者,酸化乳制品可以是蛋白质水平高于3.5重量%的高蛋白制品。在本发明酸化乳制品的具体实施方案中,所述制品是酸化乳制品和谷物制品的混合物,例如,燕麦制品,其中所述谷物制品可以是发酵谷物制品,例如发酵的燕麦制品。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,酸化乳制品含有发酵的谷物制品。发酵的谷物制品可以通过研磨谷物生物源材料的谷粒以制备谷物粉,然后将谷物粉进行发酵来制备。谷物粉的发酵可以使用与本申请其他地方所述发酵乳基质所用相同的乳酸菌(起子培养物)进行。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,酸化乳制品含有水果饮料。水果饮料还可以含有例如燕麦、大豆、杏仁、乳清和/或非发酵乳,例如,以奶粉的形式。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,本发明的酸化乳制品是化学酸化制品。酸化可以使用任何适合添加到食品中的酸化剂进行,例如乳酸、柠檬酸、果汁、果肉和水果复合物。在具体实施方案中,酸化乳制品是用果汁酸化的。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,酸化乳制品含有化学酸化的谷物制品。可以通过研磨谷物生物源材料的谷粒以制备谷物粉,然后用谷物粉产生水性悬浮液,然后将所述悬浮液的pH调节至所需水平来制备化学酸化的谷物制品。
含酸性乳清或酸性乳清渗透物的酸化乳制品
在本发明的具体方面,酸化乳制品含有选自由酸性乳清(acid whey)和酸性乳清渗透物(acid whey permeate)组成的组的酸性乳清制品。特别是,酸性乳清制品由发酵乳制品浓缩,以将其分成浓缩级分和分离的酸性乳清级分而获得。
酸性乳清和酸性乳清渗透物是来自诸如茅屋奶酪(cottage cheese)、里科塔奶酪(ricotta)、冰岛酸奶(Skyr)、希腊酸奶、特沃劳格(Tvoroq)、夸克奶酪(quark)和浓缩酸奶(Labneh)等许多新鲜奶酪生产的副产品。酸性乳清和酸性乳清渗透物在10%溶液中的pH小于5.1,且由于例如其酸度历史上很难找到所述副产品的用途。通过在分离器中浓缩酸奶获得酸性乳清。通过在超滤中浓缩酸奶获得酸性渗透物。
本发明的这个方面提供了使用酸性乳清和酸性乳清渗透物来生产乳制品例如乳饮料的可能性。该方面基于以下认知:酸性乳清和酸性乳清渗透物适合生产本发明的乳糖含量降低的乳制品,因为所述制品的生产需要在低pH下酶促水解乳糖。
在本发明方法第三方面的具体实施方案中,使起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受浓缩步骤以将起子培养物发酵的乳制品分成浓缩级分和分离的酸性乳清级分,其中使分离的酸性乳清级分而不是浓缩级分经受所述方法的后续步骤。
生产发酵乳制品的方法
在第一方面,本发明还涉及生产酸化乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:提供pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的基础酸化乳制品,向所述基础酸化乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
在第二方面,本发明涉及生产酸化乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:提供pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的基础酸化乳制品,使所述基础酸化乳制品经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02 CFU/g,以获得热处理的酸化乳制品,向所述热处理的酸化乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
在可选的措辞中,第二方面是第一方面的具体实施方案,包括以下步骤:使基础酸化乳制品经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g以获得热处理的酸化乳制品,向所述热处理的酸化乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
在第三方面,本发明涉及生产发酵乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:使用乳酸菌的起子培养物发酵乳基质以获得pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的起子培养物发酵的乳制品,使所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,以获得热处理的发酵乳制品,向所述热处理的发酵乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
在可选的措辞中,第三方面是第一方面的具体实施方案,其中所生产的酸化乳制品是发酵乳制品,并且其中所述方法包括以下步骤:使用乳酸菌的起子培养物发酵乳基质获得pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的起子培养物发酵的乳制品,使所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,以获得热处理的发酵乳制品,向所述热处理的发酵乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
在本发明方法的一个实施方案中,酸化乳制品是化学酸化乳制品。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,酸化乳制品是通过使用起子培养物进行发酵生产的发酵乳制品。
在本发明方法的一个实施方案中,可以使基础酸化乳制品或起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受热处理,以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02 CFU/g。这种热处理的酸化制品也称为巴氏灭菌后的制品,借此表明所述制品在生产化学酸化乳制品或发酵乳制品后已经进行了巴氏灭菌。这种热处理的酸化制品不需要保持在冷藏温度,因此它适合在环境温度下运输和储存。
因此,在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,将含有乳糖酶的酸化或发酵乳制品储存在至少5℃,优选至少10℃,更优选至少15℃,最优选至少20℃的温度下。
在本发明方法的具体实施方案中,将含有乳糖酶的酸化或发酵乳制品储存至少两天,优选至少3天,更优选至少4天,更优选至少5天,更优选至少6天,并且最优选至少7天。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,储存后,含有乳糖酶的酸化或发酵乳制品的乳糖含量小于40mg/ml,优选小于35mg/ml,更优选小于30mg/ml,更优选小于25mg/ml,更优选小于20mg/ml,更优选小于15mg/ml,更优选小于10mg/ml,更优选小于5mg/ml,更优选小于3mg/ml,并且最优选小于1.5mg/ml。
起子培养物可以是用于生产具体类型的发酵乳制品的任何常规乳酸菌起子培养物,包括单菌株培养物和培养物混合物。在本发明制品的优选实施方案中,进行发酵以获得3.0-5.0,优选3.2-4.8,更优选3.4-4.6,并且最优选3.8-4.4的pH。
优选通过使起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受50℃至110℃,优选50℃至100℃,优选50℃至90℃,优选60℃至85℃,更优选65℃至82℃,最优选70℃和80℃的温度,进行将起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp02CFU/g发酵乳的热处理。热处理优选进行5秒至180秒,优选10秒至180秒,优选12秒至120秒,更优选14秒至90秒,更优选16秒至60秒,更优选18秒至50秒,并且最优选20秒至40秒。优选地,起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp01CFU/g发酵乳,更优选0CFU/g。经受热处理以将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g的发酵乳制品适合在环境温度下储存,例如在至少5℃,优选至少10℃,更优选至少15℃,最优选至少20℃的温度下储存。
在第四方面,本发明涉及生产发酵乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:使用乳酸菌的起子培养物发酵乳基质以获得pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的起始培养物发酵乳制品,使所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp08CFU/g,以获得热处理的发酵乳制品,向所述热处理的发酵乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。优选地,起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1.0×10exp07CFU/g发酵乳,更优选不超过1.0×10exp06CFU/g发酵乳,最优选不超过1.0×10exp05CFU/g发酵乳。经受热处理以便将细菌水平降低至不超过例如1×10exp08CFU/g的发酵乳制品在冷藏温度下具有延长的保质期。
以合适的量添加酶以便在所选择的反应条件下达到所需的乳糖水解程度。在本发明的具体实施方案中,乳制品所含的乳糖酶的量为每升乳制品100-20000LAU,优选每升乳制品100-10000LAU,优选每升乳制品100-5000LAU,优选每升乳制品小于3000LAU,例如小于1500LAU,小于1000LAU,小于750LAU或小于500LAU。
在优选的实施方案中,以乳制品中每克乳糖5-400LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖5-200LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖5-100LAU,优选乳制品中每克乳糖小于50LAU,例如小于40LAU,小于30LAU,小于20LAU或小于10LAU的浓度添加乳糖酶。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,酸化乳制品的乳糖含量为2.0mg/ml至45mg/ml,优选5mg/ml至40mg/ml,更优选10mg/ml至37mg/ml,并且最优选20mg/ml至37mg/ml。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,待添加乳糖酶的酸化乳制品具有允许例如通过混合容易地将乳酸酶分布在酸化乳制品中的粘度。在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,待添加到发酵乳制品中的乳糖酶以无菌制剂提供。在本发明方法的另一个优选实施方案中,在无菌条件下,例如通过无菌过滤乳糖酶溶液将乳糖酶添加到发酵乳制品中。
在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,通过在线定量给料(in-line dosing)将乳糖酶添加到酸化乳制品中。就本发明而言,术语“在线定量给料”是指直接定量给料到酸化乳制品流过的管道。在此,术语“管道”表示管道或其任何同义词,包括通道、导管(conduit)、输送管(duct)、导引(leader)、生产线(line)、压力管(penstock)、导通和管。适用于本发明的商业在线定量给料系统的实例是Tetra无菌在线定量给料和Tetra无菌在线定量给料。
在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,通过在线定量给料到管道中将乳糖酶添加到酸化乳制品中,随后通过混合装置将乳糖酶混合到管道中的酸乳中。优选地,混合装置选自由所述管道的至少一个弯曲部分、背压弹簧、静态混合器或转子/静态混合器组成的组。转子/静态混合器的商业实例是Ytron-Z均化器(剪切泵)。
两步添加乳糖酶
在本发明方法第三方面和第四方面的具体实施方案中,在起子培养物发酵的乳制品的热处理的上游添加乳糖酶。上游添加的乳糖酶可以是任何乳糖酶,包括选自由Ha-乳糖酶和本发明方法所用的乳糖酶组成的组的乳糖酶,即与在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%水平的乳糖酶。Ha-乳糖酶是从克鲁维酵母属(Klyveromyces)的酵母,特别是从选自由乳酸克鲁维酵母(Klyveromyces lactis)和脆壁克鲁维酵母(Klyveromyces fragilis)组成的组的酵母中获得的乳糖酶。
在具体实施方案中,在发酵开始时将上游添加的乳糖酶与起子培养物一起添加。在这种情况下,上游添加的乳糖酶优选是Ha-乳糖酶。
在另一个具体实施方案中,在发酵开始后加添加上游添加的乳糖酶。
当在发酵开始时和在起子培养物发酵的乳制品热处理之后添加乳糖酶时,部分乳糖会在发酵步骤过程中被水解,并且剩余的乳糖部分会在热处理的发酵乳制品的储存期间被水解。当在发酵开始和在起子培养物发酵的乳制品热处理之后添加乳糖酶时,与仅在起子培养物发酵的乳制品热处理后添加乳糖酶相比,可以降低添加的乳糖酶的总量以将发酵乳制品中的乳糖浓度降低至期望的水平。因此,在发酵开始时添加的乳糖酶会在比pH 3.0-5.0高的pH下具有活性,例如在pH 5.0-7.0下,并且大部分乳糖酶在如此较高的pH下具有更高的活性。因此,在发酵开始时添加的给定量的乳糖酶会导致比在起子培养物发酵的乳制品热处理后添加的相同量的乳糖酶更高的乳糖水解。
用途
本发明还涉及乳糖酶用于添加到pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量至少为1.5mg/ml的酸化乳制品中以便在储存期间减少所述乳糖中的用途,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
定义
就本发明而言,适用以下定义:
“LAU”表示“乳糖单位”,1乳糖酶单位(1LAU)是在pH 6.5和37℃下,在乳糖浓度为4.75%w/v的M缓冲液中每分钟释放1微摩尔葡萄糖的酶量。M-缓冲液通过以下方式制备:将3.98g C6H5Na3O7-2H2O、8.31g柠檬酸、0.9g K2SO4、2.6g K2HPO4、7.35g KH2PO4、5.45g KOH、4.15g MgCl2-6H2O、3.75g CaCl2-2H2O和1.4g NaHCO3溶解于4升水中,添加12.5ml 4N NaOH,用HCl调节至pH 6.5,并添加水直到总体积为5升。
以LAU表示的特定乳糖酶的活性可以通过直接测量在上述条件下从乳糖释放的葡萄糖来测定。技术人员将知道如何测定这种活性。或者,可以通过使用本申请实施例1所述的乳糖酶活性测定来测定活性。在本文中,通过与用活性已知的乳糖酶运行的标准曲线比较和由此计算的未知样品的活性来获得活性。活性已知的乳糖酶可以是例如从丹麦的Novozymes A/S获得的Lactozym。
表述“热处理”是指使用任何温度、持续任何时间段和通过任何方式或设备进行的使起子培养物的至少一部分细菌失活的任何处理。在这方面,术语“失活”是指细菌生长的任何停止、减少或抑制,例如细胞溶解。
表述“乳酸菌”表示发酵糖来产生酸的革兰氏阳性微量需氧或厌氧性细菌,所述酸包括作为主要产生的酸的乳酸,乙酸和丙酸。工业上最有用的乳酸菌存在于“乳杆菌目(Lactobacillales)”中,其包括乳球菌属种(Lactococcus spp.)、链球菌属种(Streptococcus spp.)、乳杆菌属种(Lactobacillus spp.)、明串珠菌属种(Leuconostocspp.)、假明串珠菌属种(PseudoLeuconostoc spp.)、片球菌属种(Pediococcus spp.)、短杆菌属种(Brevibacterium spp.)、肠球菌属种(Enterococcus spp.)和丙酸杆菌属种(Propionibacterium spp.)。它们经常单独用作食品培养物或与其他乳酸菌联合使用。
通常将乳酸菌,包括乳杆菌属种和乳球菌属种的细菌作为用于批量起子繁殖的冷冻或冻干培养物或作为所谓的“直投式”(Direct Vat Set,DVS)培养物(用于直接接种到发酵容器或发酵桶中以产生乳制品,例如发酵乳制品或干酪)供应给乳制品工业。这种乳酸菌培养物通常称为“起子培养物”或“起子”。通常,用于酸奶的起子培养物包含嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillusdelbrueckii subsp bulgaricus),并且在大多数国家,酸奶是通过立法定义为使用包含两种所述菌株的起子培养物生产的发酵乳制品。
术语“乳”应理解为通过对诸如奶牛、绵羊、山羊、水牛或骆驼等任何哺乳动物挤奶获得的乳状分泌物。在优选的实施方案中,乳是牛乳。术语乳还包括由植物材料制成的蛋白质/脂肪溶液,例如豆奶(soy milk)等。
术语“乳基质(milk substrate)”可以是可以根据本发明的方法进行发酵的任何未加工的和/或加工的乳材料。因此,有用的乳基质包括但不限于任何乳或包含蛋白质的乳状产品的溶液/悬浮液,例如全脂乳或低脂乳、脱脂乳、酪乳、复原乳粉(reconstitued milkpowder)、炼乳、乳粉(dried milk)、乳清、酸性乳清、包括酸性乳清渗透物在内的乳清渗透物、包括酸性乳清粉在内的乳清粉、甜乳清粉、脱盐乳清粉和脱乳糖乳清粉、乳糖、乳糖结晶的母液、乳清蛋白浓缩物或奶油。显然,乳基质可以来自任何哺乳动物,例如可以是基本上纯的哺乳动物乳,或复原乳粉。
术语“酸性乳清渗透物”是指在新鲜奶酪的生产中,通过超滤浓缩发酵乳制品而获得的乳清渗透物,其中所述酸乳清渗透物在10%溶液中的pH低于5.1,所述新鲜奶酪例如茅屋奶酪、里科塔奶酪、冰岛酸奶、希腊酸奶、特沃劳格、夸克奶酪和浓缩酸奶,是通过基于乳酸菌发酵的酸凝固制造的。
术语“酸性乳清”是指在新鲜奶酪的生产中,通过在分离器中浓缩发酵乳制品获得的乳清级分,其中所述酸性乳清级分在10%溶液中的pH低于5.1,所述新鲜奶酪例如茅屋奶酪、里科塔奶酪、冰岛酸奶、希腊酸奶、特沃劳格、夸克奶酪和浓缩酸奶,是通过基于乳酸菌发酵的酸凝固制造的。
在发酵之前,可以根据本领域已知的方法将乳底物均质化并进行巴氏灭菌。
本文所用的“均质化”是指强烈混合以获得可溶性悬浮液或乳液。如果在发酵之前进行均质化,则可以进行均质化以将乳脂分解成更小的尺寸,使得它不再与乳分离。这可以通过在高压下迫使乳通过小孔来实现。
本文所用的“巴氏灭菌”是指处理乳基质以减少或消除例如活微生物等活生物体的存在。优选地,通过将指定温度保持指定的时间段来实现巴氏灭菌。通常通过加热来达到指定的温度。可以选择温度和持续时间,以杀死或灭活某些细菌,例如有害细菌。随后可以进行快速冷却步骤。
本发明方法中的“发酵”是指通过微生物的作用将碳水化合物转化为醇或酸。优选地,本发明方法中的发酵包括将乳糖转化为乳酸。
用于生产乳制品的发酵方法是众所周知的,本领域技术人员将知道如何选择合适的工艺条件,例如温度、氧气、微生物的量和特性以及处理时间。显然,选择发酵条件以支持实现本发明,即获得固体(例如奶酪)或液体(例如发酵乳制品)形式的乳制品。
在描述本发明的上下文中(特别是在以下权利要求的上下文中),术语“a(一)”和“an(一)”和“所述(the)”以及类似的指示词的使用应解释为涵盖单数和复数,除非本文另有说明或与上下文明显矛盾。除非另有说明,否则术语“包含(comprising)”、“具有(having)”、“包括(including)”和“含有(cotaining)”应解释为开放式术语(即,意为“包括但不限于”)。除非本文另有说明,否则本文中对数值范围的记述仅旨在用作单独提及落入该范围内的每个单独值的简写方法,并且每个单独值并入本说明书中,如同其在本文中单独记述一样。除非本文另有说明或上下文明显矛盾,否则本文所述的所有方法均可以任何合适的顺序进行。除非另外声明,否则本文提供的任何和所有实施例或示例性语言(例如,“例如”)的使用仅旨在更好地说明本发明,而不是对本发明的范围进行限制。不应将说明书中的语言解释为表明任何未要求保护的要素对于本发明的实践是必不可少的。
表述“发酵乳制品”是指食品或饲料制品,其中所述食品或饲料制品的制备涉及用乳酸菌发酵乳基质。如本文所用的“发酵乳制品”包括但不限于例如嗜热发酵乳制品等制品,例如酸奶,嗜温发酵乳制品,例如酸奶油和酪乳,以及发酵乳清。
本文的术语“嗜热生物”是指在高于35℃的温度下成长得最好的微生物。工业上最有用的嗜热细菌包括链球菌属种(Streptococcus spp)和乳杆菌属种(Lactobacillusspp)。本文的术语“嗜热发酵”是指在高于约35℃的温度下发酵,例如在约35℃至约45℃之间。术语“嗜热发酵乳制品”是指通过嗜热起子培养物的嗜热发酵制备的发酵乳制品,并且包括例如凝固酸奶、搅拌型酸奶和饮用酸奶例如养乐多等发酵乳制品。
本文中的术语“嗜温生物”是指在中等温度(15℃-35℃)下成长得最好的微生物。工业上最有用的嗜温细菌包括乳球菌属种(Lactococcus spp)和明串珠菌属种(Leuconostoc spp)。本文的术语“嗜温发酵”是指在约22℃至约35℃的温度下发酵。术语“嗜温发酵乳制品”是指通过嗜温起子培养物的嗜温发酵制备的发酵乳制品,包括例如酪乳、酸乳、培养乳、斯美塔那(smetana)、酸奶油、克非尔(Kefir)和新鲜奶酪等发酵乳制品,所述新鲜奶酪例如夸克奶酪、特沃劳格和奶油奶酪。
附图说明
图1显示了用添加到巴氏灭菌后下游的酸奶的乳糖酶水平为1000LAU/L、2000LAU/L和3000LAU/L的乳糖酶处理后的样品中残留的乳糖水平。
图2显示了用添加到巴氏灭菌后下游的酸奶的乳糖酶水平为200LAU/L、400LAU/L、600LAU/L、800LAU/L、1000LAU/L和1200LAU/L的乳糖酶处理的样品中在8、24、48和76小时时残留的乳糖水平。
图3仅显示了图2在48小时的数据。
图4仅显示了图2在76小时的数据。
实施例
实施例1
在Eppendorf管中、在37℃、pH 6.5下进行的乳糖酶活性测定
原理
乳糖酶将乳糖水解成葡萄糖和半乳糖。在常规葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的改良版后测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)。
LAU定义为在M-缓冲液中,在37℃、pH 6.5下每分钟释放1微摩尔葡萄糖的酶量(M-缓冲液在本专利申请的说明书中有定义)。或者,以LAU表示的具体乳糖酶的活性可以通过本文描述的方法测定。将获得的值与使用活性已知的乳糖酶运行的标准曲线进行比较,并由此计算未知样品的活性。活性已知的乳糖酶可以是例如从丹麦Novozymes A/S获得的Lactozym。
溶液
测定缓冲液:50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2、0.01%Triton X100,pH 6.5
GOD-Perid溶液:65mM磷酸钠,pH 7,0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP(辣根过氧化物酶)、0.65g/l ABTS(2,2'-连氮基-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸))。
底物
160mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1momMgCl2,pH 6.5。
标准品
用LAU/g表示的已知活性的Lactozym(从丹麦的Novozymes A/S获得)用作标准品,在测定缓冲液中稀释为0.09–0.7LAU/g。
样品
将酶样品在测定缓冲液中适当稀释。
程序:
1.将375μl底物在37℃温育5分钟。
2.添加25μl在测定缓冲液中稀释的酶。
3.30分钟后,通过添加60μl 1M NaOH终止反应。
4.将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,并添加200μl GOD-Perid溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
实施例2
通过分别在85ml或70ml离子水中混合15g或30g喷雾干燥的乳清渗透物粉末(Variolac,Arla)制备100ml 15%或30%(w/w)的主要含有乳糖和离子的乳清渗透物。将溶液倒入含有磁力搅拌棒的烧瓶中,并置于37℃的水浴中。15分钟后,加入酶。测试的酶是Lactozym和来自两歧双歧杆菌的实验性乳糖酶,Lactozym是丹麦Novozymes A/S的商业可得的乳糖酶,活性为3060LAU/g,实验性乳糖酶具有SEQ ID NO:2所示的编码序列且其活性为295LAU/g。
Lactozym的用量为4225LAU/l乳,双歧杆菌乳糖酶的用量为2025LAU/l乳。定期采集乳样品直至5.5小时。通过在热混合器中加热至99℃10分钟使酶失活。适当稀释样品,并用0.20μm过滤器过滤。
使用配备有Dionex PA1柱和脉冲Amperiometrisk Detektor(PAD)的DionexBioLC测量乳糖水解。通过与乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖的已知标准品进行比较来鉴定和定量峰。
结果如下。
表1:用Lactozym或双歧杆菌乳糖酶处理后,15%DS乳清渗透物中的乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖
表2:用Lactozym或乳双歧杆菌乳糖酶处理后,30%DS乳清渗透物中的乳糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。
此外,当在如15%或30%乳清渗透物的较高乳糖浓度下进行测试时,没有产生或产生很少的低聚半乳糖。同样,产生的半乳糖和葡萄糖水平相等,并且与水解的乳糖的量相匹配。为了比较,Lactozym产生的半乳糖比产生的葡萄糖少,这清楚地表明已经产生了低聚半乳糖。
实施例3
使用乳糖作为底物时来自两歧双歧杆菌的实验性乳糖酶的pH曲线(在37℃下)和温度曲线(在pH6.5下)。
原理
乳糖酶水解乳糖并形成葡萄糖+半乳糖。在常规葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的改良版本后测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)。
pH曲线
底物
167mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调至pH 3、4、5、6、7、8、9和10。
酶样品
将来自两歧双歧杆菌的具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在150mMKCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释。
程序
·将10μl在酶稀释缓冲液中稀释的酶样品在室温下添加到PCR管中。
·在室温下加入90μl底物。并快速置于37℃的Peltier热循环仪(PCT-200,MJresearch)中并温育30分钟,然后置于冰上。
·添加100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
·将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,加入230μl 65mM磷酸钠,pH7、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
表3:
温度曲线
底物
167mM乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mMMgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调至pH 6.5。
酶样品
将来自两歧双歧杆菌的具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释,并将pH调至pH 6.5。
程序
·将10μl在酶稀释缓冲液中稀释的酶样品在室温下添加到PCR管中。
·添加90μl预热(在Peltier热循环仪中,30-70℃)底物,并在30-70℃的梯度温度下温育30分钟,然后置于冰上。
·通过添加100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
·将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,加入230μl 65mM、pH 7的磷酸钠、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
表4
实施例4
测定乳糖酶在5℃下的Km
原理
乳糖酶水解乳糖并形成葡萄糖+半乳糖。在常规葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶测定的改良版本后测量葡萄糖(Werner,W.et al.(1970)Z.analyt.Chem.252:224.)。
底物
浓度范围从Km/5至10*Km的不同乳糖、50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2,并用NaOH将pH调至pH 6.5。
酶样品
将来自两歧双歧杆菌的具有SEQ ID NO:2所示编码序列的实验性乳糖酶在50mM琥珀酸盐、50mM HEPES、50mM CHES、150mM KCl、2mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.01%Triton X100中适当稀释,并用NaOH将pH调至pH 6.5。
将12g/l Lactozym(从丹麦的Novozymes A/S可商业获得的乳糖酶)在相同的缓冲液中稀释6000倍。
程序
-将10μl酶样品(5℃)添加到冰上的96孔微量滴定板中。
-添加90μl底物(5℃)并在5℃下温育2小时。
-添加100μl 0.25M NaOH终止反应。
-将20μl转移至96孔微量滴定板中,添加230μl 65mM pH7的磷酸钠、0.4g/l葡萄糖氧化酶、0.013g/l HRP、0.65g/l ABTS溶液。在室温下30分钟后,在420nm下测量吸光度。
Km测定
使用计算机化非线性最小二乘拟合和Michaelis-Menten方程:
v=(Vmax*S)/(Km+S)
双歧杆菌乳糖酶和Lactozym的Km经测定分别为8mM和30mM。
在37℃下进行的类似试验中,双歧杆菌乳糖酶和Lactozym的Km经测定分别为13mM和30mM。
实施例5
含有巴氏灭菌后添加的乳糖酶的巴氏灭菌后酸奶的生产
乳基质
脂肪水平2.8%*
蛋白质水平2.8%*
乳糖3.0%
蔗糖5.0%(添加)
改性淀粉E1442 Cargill 75720型1.50%
果胶LMA型CP Kelco LM 106 AS-YA型0.25%
结冷胶Kelcogel YSS型0.05%
*终产物中的水平,即热处理后,添加室温储存的菌株并储存150天。
起子培养物
起子培养物FD-DVS YF-L904型含有两种菌株,即嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophiles)和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillusdelbrueckii spp.bulgaricus)。
乳糖酶
来自两歧双歧杆菌的具有SEQ ID NO.2所示编码序列的乳糖酶,其活性为295LAU/g。
生产产品的程序
1.将干组分分散到乳中
2.静置3小时,同时轻轻搅拌;
3.加热乳直至温度达到65℃
4.以150巴均质化
5.热处理至95℃,5min(分钟)。
6.冷却至发酵温度43℃
7.将乳泵入发酵桶(fermentation vat)中
8.接种YoFlex培养物YF-L904型。
9.发酵直到pH达到4.30。
10.打破凝乳并搅拌直至获得光滑结构
11.在75℃下热处理30sec(秒)。
12.冷却至25℃
13.以1420LAU/L酸奶制品的水平添加乳糖酶,并轻轻混合酸奶,以使乳糖酶均匀地分布在酸奶中。
14.将酸奶装入容器中。
15.将酸奶在20℃的温度下储存7天。
实施例6
向巴氏灭菌后的酸奶下游添加乳糖酶
所进行的本实验工作的目的是,证明在巴氏灭菌后酸奶的最终热处理之后添加合适的乳糖酶以达到<0.01%的残留乳糖水平是可能的。
生产组成为2.9%蛋白质和2.8%脂肪的巴氏灭菌后的酸奶。用YoFlex CultureYF-L904型将乳基质发酵至pH 4.30。在达到pH 4.30后,将酸奶在板式热交换器中冷却至15℃,并在进行最终热处理之前在15℃下在隔热缓冲罐中保持3小时。最终热处理在74℃进行20s(秒)。在板式热交换器中,将制品在25℃下装入无菌烧杯中。在添加无菌乳糖酶之前,将样品在环境温度(22℃)下储存一天。
乳基质
Milkoscan分析:脂肪水平2.8%,蛋白质水平2.9%
以下参数用于发酵和加工:
混合温度:10℃
水合时间:3小时,同时轻轻搅拌
乳糖酶
乳糖酶自两歧双歧杆菌,具有SEQ ID NO.2的编码序列。
起子培养物
来自Chr.Hansen(科.汉森有限公司)产品序列的培养物YF-L904型含有两个物种即嗜热链球菌和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种。
生产酸奶的方法
均质化压力:150巴
巴氏灭菌条件:95℃,5分钟
发酵温度:43℃
最终pH:4.30
手动打破凝乳并搅拌直至获得光滑的结构。
在板式换热器中冷却至15℃
板式换热器中的热杀菌(thermisation),流量414L/h
均质化压力:0巴
热杀菌条件:74℃,20s
装入100ml无菌杯中,装入温度25℃。
乳糖酶添加
将乳糖酶无菌过滤,并添加到100ml巴氏灭菌后的酸奶烧杯中,用量如下:
a)0LAU/L–参照
b)1000LAU/L
c)3000LAU/L
d)10000LAU/L
将样品在室温(22℃)下储存,并在以下时间点取样进行残留的乳糖分析:24小时、48小时和1周。
结果
在图1中,显示了添加乳糖酶的样品的残留乳糖。参照样品的残留乳糖经测量为2.4%残留乳糖。从图1中可以看出,添加24小时后,对于乳糖酶浓度3000LAU/L和10000LAU/L,乳糖浓度降低至约0.005%的水平。此外,在添加48小时后和1周后,对于所有三种乳糖酶浓度,乳糖浓度降低至约0.005%的水平。
实施例7
向巴氏灭菌后的酸奶下游添加乳糖酶
所进行的本实验工作的目的是,证明在巴氏灭菌后酸奶的最终热处理之后添加合适的乳糖酶以达到<0.1%的残留乳糖水平是可能的。
生产组成为2.87%蛋白质和2.89%脂肪的巴氏灭菌后的酸奶。用YoFlex CultureYF-L904型将乳基质发酵至pH 4.30。在达到pH 4.30后,将酸奶在板式热交换器中冷却至15℃,并在进行最终热处理之前在15℃下在隔热缓冲罐中保持3小时。最终热处理在74℃进行20s(秒)。在板式热交换器中,将制品在25℃下装入无菌烧杯中。在添加无菌乳糖酶之前,将样品在25℃下储存一天。
乳基质
Milkoscan分析:脂肪水平2.87%,蛋白质水平2.89%
以下参数用于发酵和加工:
混合温度:10℃
水合时间:3小时,同时轻轻搅拌
乳糖酶
乳糖酶来自两歧双歧杆菌,具有编码序列SEQ ID NO.2。
起子培养物
来自Chr.Hansen(科.汉森有限公司)产品系列的培养物YF-L904型含有两个物种,即嗜热链球菌和德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种。
用于生产酸奶的方法
均质化压力:150巴
巴氏灭菌条件:95℃,5分钟
发酵温度:43℃
最终pH:4.30
手动打破凝乳并搅拌直至获得光滑的结构。
在板式换热器中冷却至15℃
板式换热器中的热杀菌,流量414L/h
热杀菌条件:74℃,20s
装入100ml无菌杯中,装入温度25℃。
乳糖酶添加
将乳糖酶无菌过滤,并加入到100ml巴氏灭菌后的酸奶烧杯中,用量如下:
a)0LAU/L–参照
b)200LAU/L
c)400LAU/L
d)600LAU/L
e)800LAU/L
f)1000LAU/L
g)1200LAU/L
将样品储存在25℃下,并在以下时间点取样进行残留乳糖分析:8小时、24小时、48小时和76小时。
结果
在图2-4中,显示了添加乳糖酶的样品的残留乳糖。参照样品的残留乳糖经测量为2.4%残留乳糖。残留乳糖水平为0.1和0.5的水平线分别表示在欧盟和中国根据食品管理法规作为无乳糖的乳糖水平。
从图2-4可以看出,对于400LAU/L的乳糖酶浓度,第24小时的乳糖浓度降低至约0.355%的水平,对于更高浓度的乳糖酶,乳糖浓度降至低于0.01%的水平。在第48小时,对于400LAU/L的乳糖酶浓度,乳糖浓度降至0.015%的水平,对于更高浓度的乳糖酶,乳糖浓度降至低于0.01%的水平。在第76小时,对于400LAU/L的乳糖酶浓度和更高的乳糖酶浓度,乳糖浓度降至低于0.01%的水平。
因此,本实验表明,用600LAU/l的乳糖酶用量在48小时,和用400LAU/l的乳糖酶用量在76小时,实现0.01%或更低的残留乳糖目标是可能的。
实施例8
向不同pH(4.0-4.4)水平的巴氏灭菌后的酸奶下游添加乳糖酶
所进行的本实验工作的目的是,证明在使用乳糖酶去除巴氏灭菌后酸奶(PPY)中的乳糖的方法中,对于具有范围为4.0-4.4的不同pH的PPY,以获得所需的乳糖去除是可能的。
乳基质
Milkoscan分析:
标准乳糖乳基料(milk base):脂肪水平2.88%,蛋白质水平2.91%
高乳糖乳基料:脂肪水平2.91%,蛋白质水平2.94%
乳糖酶
乳糖酶来自两歧双歧杆菌,具有编码序列SEQ ID NO:2。
用于生产酸奶的方法
均质化压力:60℃下150巴
巴氏灭菌条件:95℃,5分钟
发酵温度:43℃
标准乳糖乳基料的最终pH:4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3和4.4
高乳糖乳基料的最终pH:4.3
手动打破凝乳并搅拌直至获得光滑的结构。
在板式换热器中冷却至15℃
板式换热器中的热杀菌,流量414L/h
热杀菌条件:74℃,20s
装入100ml无菌杯中,装入温度25℃。
乳糖酶添加
将乳糖酶无菌过滤,并加入到100ml巴氏灭菌后的酸奶烧杯中,用量如下:
a)0LAU/L–参照
b)200LAU/L
c)400LAU/L
d)600LAU/L
e)800LAU/L
将样品储存在15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃下,并在以下时间点取样进行残留的乳糖分析:24小时、48小时和72小时。
结果
出于简洁的原因,仅显示了在25℃下储存的样品的结果。对于在15℃、20℃和30℃下储存的样品获得相应的结果。
表5:在25℃下储存的样品的残留乳糖水平。
表6:未添加乳糖酶的情况下残留的乳糖水平
从表5和6中可以看出,酸奶的最终pH越低,残留的乳糖含量越高。结果进一步表明,在最低的最终pH下,用800LAU/L的乳糖酶用量在48小时实现低于0.1%的残留乳糖目标是可能的。此外,在最终pH 4.1下,用1000LAU/L的乳糖酶用量在24小时达到0.108%的残留乳糖是可能的。
实施例9
在添加的乳糖酶水平低的情况下,向巴氏灭菌后的酸奶下游添加乳糖酶
所进行的本实验工作的目的是,测试低用量乳糖酶在使用乳糖酶去除巴氏灭菌后的酸奶(PPY)中的乳糖的方法中的效力,以确定获得所需残留乳糖目标所需的最小用量。
乳基质
Milkoscan分析:
乳基料:脂肪水平2.81%,蛋白质水平3.11%
乳糖酶
乳糖酶来自两歧双歧杆菌,具有编码序列SEQ ID NO:2。
用于生产酸奶的方法
均质化压力:在60℃,150巴
巴氏灭菌条件:95℃,5分钟
发酵温度:43℃
标准乳糖乳基料的最终pH:4.15、4.20、4.25和4.30
高乳糖乳基料的最终pH:4.3
手动打破凝乳并搅拌直至获得光滑的结构。
在板式换热器中冷却至15℃
板式换热器中的热杀菌,流量414L/h
热杀菌条件:74℃,20s
装入100ml无菌杯中,装入温度25℃。
乳糖酶添加
将乳糖酶无菌过滤,并加入到100ml巴氏灭菌后的酸奶烧杯中,用量如下:
a)0LAU/L–参照
b)50LAU/L
c)100LAU/L
d)200LAU/L
e)300LAU/L
将样品储存在25℃下,并在以下时间点取样进行残留的乳糖分析:24小时、48小时和72小时。
结果
出于简洁的原因,仅显示了在25℃下储存的样品的结果。对于在15℃、20℃和30℃下储存的样品获得相应的结果。
表7:样品的残留乳糖水平
pH为4.3、4.25、4.20和4.15且没有添加乳糖酶的巴氏灭菌酸奶基料的乳糖水平分别为2.57、2.52、2.47和2.40。
从表7可以看出,对于pH为4.3和4.25的样品,用200LAU/L的乳糖酶用量在48小时实现低于0.5%的残留乳糖目标是可能的,并且对于所有测试样品,用300LAU/L的乳糖酶用量在48小时实现低于0.3的乳糖酶水平是可能的。
实施例10
通过添加乳糖酶生产具有低乳糖水平的酸性乳清饮料
所进行的本实验工作的目的是,证明有可能从酸性乳清渗透物中除去乳糖并研究各种乳糖酶用量、反应时间和温度的影响。
乳基质
酸性乳清渗透物(来自超滤)是生产冰岛酸奶的副产品。酸性乳清渗透物具有以下组成:
蛋白质 0.2%
糖 3.7%
脂肪 0.01%
灰分 0.8%
水分 94.7%
pH 4.27
乳糖酶
乳糖酶来自两歧双歧杆菌,具有编码序列SEQ ID NO:2。
方法
1.将酸性渗透物加热至72℃,/2min.
2.冷却至
a.5℃(2×1000ml)
b.40℃(3×1000ml)
3.将乳糖酶定量给料:
a.5℃:2500和5000LAU/L(2×1000ml)
b.40℃:500、1000和2500LAU/L(3×1000ml)
4.用于分析乳糖的样品:
a.在添加乳糖酶之前
b.在40℃和2500LAU/L:从3至7小时每隔一小时和24小时
c.其他样品:24小时。
5.加工基于酸性乳清的饮料
a.添加HM果胶溶液、香料和蔗糖。
b.用柠檬酸将pH调至3.9
c.加热至80℃2分钟
d.以150巴,在80℃下均质化
e.装入瓶中。
结果
表8:测试样品的残留乳糖水平(g/L)
从表8可以看出,对于乳糖酶浓度为1000LAU/L和2500LAU/L在40℃的温度下,以及对于乳糖酶浓度为5000LAU/L在5℃下,有可能将测试样品的乳糖水平降低到约0.1g/L的水平。对于另外两个样品,有可能将乳糖水平降低至低于0.5g/L的水平。
序列表
SEQ ID NO.:1表示SEQ ID NO.4的突变体的序列。
SEQ ID NO.:2表示SEQ ID NO.4的突变体的序列。
SEQ ID NO.:3表示来自两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)DSM20215的乳糖酶的序列。
SEQ ID NO.:4表示来自两歧双歧杆菌NCIMB41171的乳糖酶的序列,其核酸序列列于NCBI中,登录号为DQ448279。
SEQ ID NO:4讨论于下列参考文献中,其中其称为bbgIII:
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2007)76:1365-1372,T K Goulas等
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2009)82:1079-1088,T Goulas等
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol(2009)84:899-907,T Goulas等
序列表
<110> 科.汉森有限公司
<120> 乳糖含量降低的发酵乳制品
<130> P6079EP00
<160> 4
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 1931
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)
<400> 1
Met Lys Lys Pro Leu Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Ser Ile Ala Ser Ala Ala Val Glu Asp Ala
20 25 30
Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr Pro Glu Val Ala
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr Ser Asp Phe Asp
50 55 60
Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln Ala Gln Asp Pro
65 70 75 80
Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu Pro His Asp Tyr
85 90 95
Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Glu Ser Ala Tyr
100 105 110
Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe Thr Ile Asp Arg
115 120 125
Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp Gly Val Tyr Met
130 135 140
Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly Thr His Pro Tyr
145 150 155 160
Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn Ala Lys Phe Gly
165 170 175
Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg Leu Pro Ser Ser
180 185 190
Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val Thr Leu Thr Val
195 200 205
Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala Ile Lys Thr Pro
210 215 220
Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met Asn Leu Thr Thr
225 230 235 240
Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Leu Lys Gln
245 250 255
Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala Ile Gly Thr Val
260 265 270
Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Val Thr
275 280 285
Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser Ile Lys Asn Pro
290 295 300
Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly Gly Lys Val Leu
305 310 315 320
Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Ala
325 330 335
Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys Leu Lys Gly Val
340 345 350
Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val Ala Asn Arg Arg
355 360 365
Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met Gly Val Asn Ser
370 375 380
Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu Ile Asp Val Cys
385 390 395 400
Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe Asp Met Trp Asn
405 410 415
Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys Trp Phe Gly Gln
420 425 430
Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp Lys Asp Glu Thr
435 440 445
Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg Asp Arg Asn Ala
450 455 460
Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met Met Glu Gly Ile
465 470 475 480
Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala Lys Leu Val Ala
485 490 495
Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr Tyr Gly Asp Asn
500 505 510
Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met Gly Asp Asn Leu
515 520 525
Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Asp Gly Ala Asn
530 535 540
Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala Ile Tyr Gly Ser
545 550 555 560
Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr Asn Arg Thr Thr
565 570 575
Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Ser
580 585 590
Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp Tyr Asp Val Val
595 600 605
Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Tyr
610 615 620
Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser Gly Ala Val Gly
625 630 635 640
Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile Val Asp Thr Ala
645 650 655
Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser Gln Trp Asn Asp
660 665 670
Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn Glu Asn Val Val
675 680 685
Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val Tyr Thr Asp Ala
690 695 700
Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser Thr Glu Lys Arg
705 710 715 720
Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr Ala Ala Gly Tyr
725 730 735
Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser Thr Ala His Lys
740 745 750
Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu Gly Thr Ile Ser
755 760 765
Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro Glu Gly Ser Thr
770 775 780
Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala Ala Lys Leu Lys
785 790 795 800
Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly Lys Asp Leu Ser
805 810 815
Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His Ile Val Pro Asp
820 825 830
Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Val
835 840 845
Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser Tyr Gln Ala Asp
850 855 860
Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile Val Gln Ser Thr
865 870 875 880
Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala Asp Gly Leu Gln
885 890 895
Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro Gly Thr Ser Thr
900 905 910
Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn Tyr Tyr Val Lys
915 920 925
Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu Val Arg Tyr Ser
930 935 940
Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp Ala Val Ser Asp
945 950 955 960
Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala Gly Thr Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp Glu Ile Gly Ala
980 985 990
Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr Pro Ala Val Leu
995 1000 1005
Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Thr Ser
1010 1015 1020
Ala Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala Asp Thr Val Tyr
1025 1030 1035
Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr Ala Thr Val Phe
1040 1045 1050
Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg Val Gln Arg Ser
1055 1060 1065
Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn Ala Leu Arg Leu
1070 1075 1080
Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp Thr Leu Asp Ala
1085 1090 1095
Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Gly Gly
1100 1105 1110
Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr Ser Lys Ala Gly
1115 1120 1125
His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala Thr Glu Gln Gln
1130 1135 1140
Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp Ser Asn Ala Val
1145 1150 1155
Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln Ile Ser Ala Asp
1160 1165 1170
Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu Thr Ile Ala Ala
1175 1180 1185
Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Phe Ala
1190 1195 1200
Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val Thr Asn Ala Asp
1205 1210 1215
Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu Ile
1220 1225 1230
Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr Asn Thr Ser Ala
1235 1240 1245
Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys Val Ser Asp Ser
1250 1255 1260
Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala Ile Ile Ala Asp
1265 1270 1275
Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Val Leu Pro
1280 1285 1290
Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu Ser Glu Asp His
1295 1300 1305
Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Glu
1310 1315 1320
Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro Ala Ala Asp Met
1325 1330 1335
Thr Val Thr Val Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly Thr Ala Thr Glu
1340 1345 1350
Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr Ser Thr Tyr Trp
1355 1360 1365
His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp Leu Trp Ile Ala
1370 1375 1380
Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala Leu Arg Tyr Leu
1385 1390 1395
Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val Thr Glu Tyr Lys
1400 1405 1410
Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr Asp Ala Gly Ser
1415 1420 1425
Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu Ala Glu Phe Asn
1430 1435 1440
Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys Ala Val His Thr
1445 1450 1455
Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser Ala Ser Glu Ile
1460 1465 1470
Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile Ser Gly Ala Thr
1475 1480 1485
Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg Val Asp Ala Asp
1490 1495 1500
His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr Val Thr Leu Gly
1505 1510 1515
Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu Leu Asp Tyr Ala
1520 1525 1530
Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr Val Arg Gly Ile
1535 1540 1545
Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Glu Leu
1550 1555 1560
Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr Ser Val Ser Val
1565 1570 1575
Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val Gly Asp Ala Phe
1580 1585 1590
Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln Leu Asn Tyr Asp Asp Asp Ser
1595 1600 1605
Thr Gly Thr Val Thr Trp Asn Thr Gln Thr Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr
1610 1615 1620
Phe Lys Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Lys Leu Lys Val Thr Asp Lys Thr
1625 1630 1635
Val Thr Val Thr Tyr Gln Gly Lys Ser Ala Val Ile Asp Ile Thr
1640 1645 1650
Val Ser Gln Pro Ala Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Thr Asp Leu Asp Lys
1655 1660 1665
Ala Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Lys Asn Pro Asp Ser Ser Lys Tyr
1670 1675 1680
Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Thr Phe Ala Asp Ala Met Ala His Ala
1685 1690 1695
Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Asp Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln Gln Asp Val Asp
1700 1705 1710
Asn Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr Asp Ala Tyr Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu
1715 1720 1725
Lys Thr Pro Glu Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Lys Ser Glu Leu Asp Lys
1730 1735 1740
Lys Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr
1745 1750 1755
Thr Ala Glu Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala
1760 1765 1770
Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Ser Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln Gln Asn Val Asp
1775 1780 1785
Ala Ala Leu Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Ala Arg Asp Gly Leu Thr Glu
1790 1795 1800
Lys Gly Glu Val Lys Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Glu Pro Gly Thr Val
1805 1810 1815
Asp Lys Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Lys Lys Val Glu Ala Glu
1820 1825 1830
Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe
1835 1840 1845
Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Gly Asn Ala Asn
1850 1855 1860
Ser Thr Gln Phe Asp Ile Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser Met Leu Asn Asp
1865 1870 1875
Ala Arg Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Pro Gly Arg Ile Ile Ala Ile
1880 1885 1890
Ile Asp Gly Ser Ala Leu Ser Lys Thr Gly Ala Ser Val Ala Ile
1895 1900 1905
Ile Ala Ser Val Ala Ala Ala Met Leu Ala Val Gly Ala Gly Val
1910 1915 1920
Met Ala Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Ser
1925 1930
<210> 2
<211> 1341
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 2
Met Lys Lys Pro Leu Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Ser Ile Ala Ser Ala Ile Glu Asp Ala Thr
20 25 30
Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr Pro Glu Val Ala Tyr
35 40 45
Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala
50 55 60
Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala
65 70 75 80
Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu Pro His Asp Tyr Ser
85 90 95
Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu
100 105 110
Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp
115 120 125
Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp Gly Val Tyr Met Asn
130 135 140
Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly Thr His Pro Tyr Gly
145 150 155 160
Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly
165 170 175
Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg
180 185 190
Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val Thr Leu Thr Val Thr
195 200 205
Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser
210 215 220
Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys
225 230 235 240
Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr
245 250 255
Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala Ile Gly Thr Val Thr
260 265 270
Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Val Thr Ser
275 280 285
Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn
290 295 300
Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly Gly Lys Val Leu Asp
305 310 315 320
Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr
325 330 335
Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys Leu Lys Gly Val Ser
340 345 350
Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala
355 360 365
Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met Gly Val Asn Ser Ile
370 375 380
Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu Ile Asp Val Cys Asn
385 390 395 400
Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe Asp Met Trp Asn Arg
405 410 415
Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala
420 425 430
Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp
435 440 445
Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro
450 455 460
Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met Met Glu Gly Ile Ser
465 470 475 480
Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Ala Thr Ser Ala Lys Leu Val Ala Trp
485 490 495
Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys
500 505 510
Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr
515 520 525
Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr
530 535 540
Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu
545 550 555 560
Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly
565 570 575
Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala
580 585 590
Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp Tyr Asp Val Val Gln
595 600 605
Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu
610 615 620
Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser Gly Ala Val Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile Val Asp Thr Ala Gly
645 650 655
Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp
660 665 670
Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn Glu Asn Val Val Ala
675 680 685
Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala
690 695 700
Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser Thr Glu Gln Arg Leu
705 710 715 720
Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr
725 730 735
Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser Thr Ala His Lys Asn
740 745 750
Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala
755 760 765
Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu
770 775 780
Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr
805 810 815
Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His Ile Val Pro Asp Ala
820 825 830
Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Val Gly
835 840 845
Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn
850 855 860
Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile Val Gln Ser Thr Lys
865 870 875 880
Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser
885 890 895
Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu
900 905 910
Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr
915 920 925
Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp
930 935 940
Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp Ala Val Ser Asp Asp
945 950 955 960
Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala Gly Thr Val Ala Gly
965 970 975
Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu
980 985 990
Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr Pro Ala Val Leu Pro
995 1000 1005
Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Thr Ser Ala
1010 1015 1020
Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn
1025 1030 1035
Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr Ala Thr Val Phe Gly
1040 1045 1050
Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg Val Gln Arg Ser Gln
1055 1060 1065
Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr
1070 1075 1080
Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile
1085 1090 1095
Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala
1100 1105 1110
Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr Ser Lys Ala Gly His
1115 1120 1125
Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu
1130 1135 1140
Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp Ser Asn Ala Val Arg
1145 1150 1155
Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly
1160 1165 1170
Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln
1175 1180 1185
Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro
1190 1195 1200
Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Arg Val Thr Val Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr
1205 1210 1215
Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu
1220 1225 1230
Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Ala Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala
1235 1240 1245
Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys Val Ser Asp Ser Val
1250 1255 1260
Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala Ile Ile Ala Asp Val
1265 1270 1275
Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Val Leu Pro Ala
1280 1285 1290
His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu Ser Glu Asp His Val
1295 1300 1305
Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe
1310 1315 1320
Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Gln His Gln His Gln His Gln
1325 1330 1335
His Gln Gln
1340
<210> 3
<211> 1752
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 3
Met Ala Val Arg Arg Leu Gly Gly Arg Ile Val Ala Phe Ala Ala Thr
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Leu Ser Ile Pro Leu Gly Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser Ala Trp Ala
20 25 30
Val Glu Asp Ala Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr
35 40 45
Pro Glu Val Val Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr
50 55 60
Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln
65 70 75 80
Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu
85 90 95
Pro His Asp Tyr Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala
100 105 110
Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe
115 120 125
Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp
130 135 140
Gly Val Tyr Met Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly
145 150 155 160
Thr His Pro Tyr Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn
165 170 175
Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg
180 185 190
Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val
195 200 205
Thr Leu Thr Val Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala
210 215 220
Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asp Val Thr Met
225 230 235 240
Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Glu Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile
245 250 255
Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala
260 265 270
Ile Gly Thr Val Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser
275 280 285
Ala Asp Val Thr Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser
290 295 300
Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly
305 310 315 320
Gly Lys Val Leu Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr
325 330 335
Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys
340 345 350
Leu Lys Gly Val Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val
355 360 365
Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met
370 375 380
Gly Val Asn Ser Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu
385 390 395 400
Ile Asp Val Cys Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe
405 410 415
Asp Met Trp Asn Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys
420 425 430
Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp
435 440 445
Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg
450 455 460
Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met
465 470 475 480
Met Glu Gly Ile Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala
485 490 495
Lys Leu Val Ala Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr
500 505 510
Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met
515 520 525
Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser
530 535 540
Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala
545 550 555 560
Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr
565 570 575
Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser
580 585 590
Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp
595 600 605
Tyr Asp Val Val Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr
610 615 620
Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Gly Ala Val Gly Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile
645 650 655
Val Asp Thr Ala Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser
660 665 670
Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn
675 680 685
Glu Asn Val Val Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val
690 695 700
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser
705 710 715 720
Thr Glu Lys Arg Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr
725 730 735
Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ser Asp Lys Asp Ser
740 745 750
Thr Ala His Lys Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu
755 760 765
Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro
770 775 780
Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly
805 810 815
Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His
820 825 830
Ile Val Pro Asp Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala
835 840 845
Gly Lys Leu Val Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser
850 855 860
Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile
865 870 875 880
Val Gln Ser Thr Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala
885 890 895
Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro
900 905 910
Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn
915 920 925
Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu
930 935 940
Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp
945 950 955 960
Ala Val Ser Asp Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Thr Val Ala Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp
980 985 990
Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr
995 1000 1005
Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly
1010 1015 1020
Thr Val Thr Ser Ala Asn Phe Ala Val His Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala
1025 1030 1035
Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr
1040 1045 1050
Ala Thr Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg
1055 1060 1065
Val Gln Arg Ser Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn
1070 1075 1080
Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp
1085 1090 1095
Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn
1100 1105 1110
Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr
1115 1120 1125
Ser Lys Ala Gly His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala
1130 1135 1140
Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp
1145 1150 1155
Ser Asn Ala Val Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln
1160 1165 1170
Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu
1175 1180 1185
Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr
1190 1195 1200
Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val
1205 1210 1215
Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly
1220 1225 1230
Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr
1235 1240 1245
Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys
1250 1255 1260
Val Ser Asp Ser Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala
1265 1270 1275
Ile Ile Ala Asp Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val
1280 1285 1290
Thr Val Leu Pro Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu
1295 1300 1305
Ser Glu Asp His Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly
1310 1315 1320
Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro
1325 1330 1335
Ala Ala Asp Met Thr Val Thr Val Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly
1340 1345 1350
Thr Ala Thr Glu Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr
1355 1360 1365
Ser Thr Tyr Trp His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp
1370 1375 1380
Leu Trp Ile Ala Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala
1385 1390 1395
Leu Arg Tyr Leu Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val
1400 1405 1410
Thr Glu Tyr Lys Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr
1415 1420 1425
Asp Ala Gly Ser Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu
1430 1435 1440
Ala Glu Phe Asn Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys
1445 1450 1455
Ala Val His Thr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser
1460 1465 1470
Ala Ser Glu Ile Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile
1475 1480 1485
Ser Gly Ala Thr Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg
1490 1495 1500
Val Asp Ala Asp His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr
1505 1510 1515
Val Thr Leu Gly Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu
1520 1525 1530
Leu Asp Tyr Ala Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr
1535 1540 1545
Val Arg Gly Ile Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe
1550 1555 1560
Thr Ile Glu Leu Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr
1565 1570 1575
Ser Val Ser Val Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val
1580 1585 1590
Gly Asp Ala Phe Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln His Asp Arg
1595 1600 1605
Gln Ala Asp Arg Pro Pro Gln Pro Leu Val Gly Glu Gln Ala Asp
1610 1615 1620
Glu Arg Gly Leu Thr Cys Gly Thr Arg Cys Asp Arg Val Glu Gln
1625 1630 1635
Leu Arg Lys His Glu Asn Arg Glu Ala His Arg Thr Gly Leu Asp
1640 1645 1650
His Leu Glu Phe Val Gly Ala Ala Asp Gly Ala Val Gly Glu Gln
1655 1660 1665
Ala Thr Phe Lys Val His Val His Ala Asp Gln Gly Asp Gly Arg
1670 1675 1680
His Asp Asp Ala Asp Glu Arg Asp Ile Asp Pro His Val Pro Val
1685 1690 1695
Asp His Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Ala Arg Ala Ala Cys His His Val
1700 1705 1710
Ile Gly Leu Arg Val Asp Thr His Arg Leu Lys Ala Ser Gly Phe
1715 1720 1725
Gln Ile Pro Ala Asp Asp Met Ala Glu Ile Asp Arg Ile Thr Gly
1730 1735 1740
Phe His Arg Phe Glu Arg His Val Gly
1745 1750
<210> 4
<211> 1935
<212> PRT
<213> 两歧双歧杆菌
<400> 4
Met Ala Val Arg Arg Leu Gly Gly Arg Ile Val Ala Phe Ala Ala Thr
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Leu Ser Ile Pro Leu Gly Leu Leu Thr Asn Ser Ala Trp Ala
20 25 30
Val Glu Asp Ala Thr Arg Ser Asp Ser Thr Thr Gln Met Ser Ser Thr
35 40 45
Pro Glu Val Val Tyr Ser Ser Ala Val Asp Ser Lys Gln Asn Arg Thr
50 55 60
Ser Asp Phe Asp Ala Asn Trp Lys Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Val Gln
65 70 75 80
Ala Gln Asp Pro Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Ala Trp Gln Gln Val Asp Leu
85 90 95
Pro His Asp Tyr Ser Ile Thr Gln Lys Tyr Ser Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala
100 105 110
Glu Ser Ala Tyr Leu Pro Gly Gly Thr Gly Trp Tyr Arg Lys Ser Phe
115 120 125
Thr Ile Asp Arg Asp Leu Ala Gly Lys Arg Ile Ala Ile Asn Phe Asp
130 135 140
Gly Val Tyr Met Asn Ala Thr Val Trp Phe Asn Gly Val Lys Leu Gly
145 150 155 160
Thr His Pro Tyr Gly Tyr Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe Asp Leu Thr Gly Asn
165 170 175
Ala Lys Phe Gly Gly Glu Asn Thr Ile Val Val Lys Val Glu Asn Arg
180 185 190
Leu Pro Ser Ser Arg Trp Tyr Ser Gly Ser Gly Ile Tyr Arg Asp Val
195 200 205
Thr Leu Thr Val Thr Asp Gly Val His Val Gly Asn Asn Gly Val Ala
210 215 220
Ile Lys Thr Pro Ser Leu Ala Thr Gln Asn Gly Gly Asn Val Thr Met
225 230 235 240
Asn Leu Thr Thr Lys Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Lys Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile
245 250 255
Thr Leu Lys Gln Thr Val Phe Pro Lys Gly Gly Lys Thr Asp Ala Ala
260 265 270
Ile Gly Thr Val Thr Thr Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Ala Ser
275 280 285
Ala Asp Val Thr Ser Thr Ile Thr Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp Ser
290 295 300
Ile Lys Asn Pro Asn Leu Tyr Thr Val Arg Thr Glu Val Leu Asn Gly
305 310 315 320
Gly Lys Val Leu Asp Thr Tyr Asp Thr Glu Tyr Gly Phe Arg Trp Thr
325 330 335
Gly Phe Asp Ala Thr Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Asn Gly Glu Lys Val Lys
340 345 350
Leu Lys Gly Val Ser Met His His Asp Gln Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Val
355 360 365
Ala Asn Arg Arg Ala Ile Glu Arg Gln Val Glu Ile Leu Gln Lys Met
370 375 380
Gly Val Asn Ser Ile Arg Thr Thr His Asn Pro Ala Ala Lys Ala Leu
385 390 395 400
Ile Asp Val Cys Asn Glu Lys Gly Val Leu Val Val Glu Glu Val Phe
405 410 415
Asp Met Trp Asn Arg Ser Lys Asn Gly Asn Thr Glu Asp Tyr Gly Lys
420 425 430
Trp Phe Gly Gln Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Val Leu Gly Gly Asp
435 440 445
Lys Asp Glu Thr Trp Ala Lys Phe Asp Leu Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Arg
450 455 460
Asp Arg Asn Ala Pro Ser Val Ile Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Asn Glu Met
465 470 475 480
Met Glu Gly Ile Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Phe Pro Ala Thr Ser Ala
485 490 495
Lys Leu Val Ala Trp Thr Lys Ala Ala Asp Ser Thr Arg Pro Met Thr
500 505 510
Tyr Gly Asp Asn Lys Ile Lys Ala Asn Trp Asn Glu Ser Asn Thr Met
515 520 525
Gly Asp Asn Leu Thr Ala Asn Gly Gly Val Val Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser
530 535 540
Asp Gly Ala Asn Tyr Asp Lys Ile Arg Thr Thr His Pro Ser Trp Ala
545 550 555 560
Ile Tyr Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Arg Gly Ile Tyr
565 570 575
Asn Arg Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gln Ser Ser Asp Lys Gln Leu Thr Ser
580 585 590
Tyr Asp Asn Ser Ala Val Gly Trp Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Ser Ala Trp
595 600 605
Tyr Asp Val Val Gln Arg Asp Phe Val Ala Gly Thr Tyr Val Trp Thr
610 615 620
Gly Phe Asp Tyr Leu Gly Glu Pro Thr Pro Trp Asn Gly Thr Gly Ser
625 630 635 640
Gly Ala Val Gly Ser Trp Pro Ser Pro Lys Asn Ser Tyr Phe Gly Ile
645 650 655
Val Asp Thr Ala Gly Phe Pro Lys Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Gln Ser
660 665 670
Gln Trp Asn Asp Asp Val His Thr Leu His Ile Leu Pro Ala Trp Asn
675 680 685
Glu Asn Val Val Ala Lys Gly Ser Gly Asn Asn Val Pro Val Val Val
690 695 700
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Ala Lys Val Lys Leu Tyr Phe Thr Pro Lys Gly Ser
705 710 715 720
Thr Glu Lys Arg Leu Ile Gly Glu Lys Ser Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Thr
725 730 735
Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Val Tyr Glu Gly Ala Asp Lys Asp Ser
740 745 750
Thr Ala His Lys Asn Met Tyr Leu Thr Trp Asn Val Pro Trp Ala Glu
755 760 765
Gly Thr Ile Ser Ala Glu Ala Tyr Asp Glu Asn Asn Arg Leu Ile Pro
770 775 780
Glu Gly Ser Thr Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Lys Ala
785 790 795 800
Ala Lys Leu Lys Ala Asp Ala Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Gly
805 810 815
Lys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Ile Glu Val Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Gly His
820 825 830
Ile Val Pro Asp Ala Ala Asn Arg Val Thr Phe Asp Val Lys Gly Ala
835 840 845
Gly Lys Leu Val Gly Val Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Pro Asp His Asp Ser
850 855 860
Tyr Gln Ala Asp Asn Arg Lys Ala Phe Ser Gly Lys Val Leu Ala Ile
865 870 875 880
Val Gln Ser Thr Lys Glu Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Ala Lys Ala
885 890 895
Asp Gly Leu Gln Ser Ser Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Thr Thr Ala Val Pro
900 905 910
Gly Thr Ser Thr Glu Lys Thr Val Arg Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Asn
915 920 925
Tyr Tyr Val Lys Thr Gly Asn Lys Pro Ile Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Glu
930 935 940
Val Arg Tyr Ser Asp Gly Thr Ser Asp Arg Gln Asn Val Thr Trp Asp
945 950 955 960
Ala Val Ser Asp Asp Gln Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Ser Phe Ser Val Ala
965 970 975
Gly Thr Val Ala Gly Gln Lys Ile Ser Val Arg Val Thr Met Ile Asp
980 985 990
Glu Ile Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Tyr Ser Ala Ser Thr Pro Val Gly Thr
995 1000 1005
Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Leu Pro Asp Gly
1010 1015 1020
Thr Val Thr Ser Ala Asn Phe Ala Val Asp Trp Thr Lys Pro Ala
1025 1030 1035
Asp Thr Val Tyr Asn Thr Ala Gly Thr Val Lys Val Pro Gly Thr
1040 1045 1050
Ala Thr Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Phe Lys Val Thr Ala Thr Ile Arg
1055 1060 1065
Val Gln Arg Ser Gln Val Thr Ile Gly Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Asn
1070 1075 1080
Ala Leu Arg Leu Thr Gln Asn Ile Pro Ala Asp Lys Gln Ser Asp
1085 1090 1095
Thr Leu Asp Ala Ile Lys Asp Gly Ser Thr Thr Val Asp Ala Asn
1100 1105 1110
Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Ala Trp Thr Asn Trp Ala Tyr
1115 1120 1125
Ser Lys Ala Gly His Asn Thr Ala Glu Ile Thr Phe Glu Tyr Ala
1130 1135 1140
Thr Glu Gln Gln Leu Gly Gln Ile Val Met Tyr Phe Phe Arg Asp
1145 1150 1155
Ser Asn Ala Val Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Gly Lys Thr Lys Ile Gln
1160 1165 1170
Ile Ser Ala Asp Gly Lys Asn Trp Thr Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr Glu
1175 1180 1185
Thr Ile Ala Ala Gln Glu Ser Ser Asp Arg Val Lys Pro Tyr Thr
1190 1195 1200
Tyr Asp Phe Ala Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Phe Val Lys Val Thr Val
1205 1210 1215
Thr Asn Ala Asp Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Gly Val Val Cys Ala Gly
1220 1225 1230
Leu Thr Glu Ile Glu Leu Lys Thr Ala Thr Ser Lys Phe Val Thr
1235 1240 1245
Asn Thr Ser Ala Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Val Asn Gly Thr Lys
1250 1255 1260
Val Ser Asp Ser Val Leu Ala Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asn Thr Pro Ala
1265 1270 1275
Ile Ile Ala Asp Val Lys Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Asn Ala Ser Val
1280 1285 1290
Thr Val Leu Pro Ala His Asp Asn Val Ile Arg Val Ile Thr Glu
1295 1300 1305
Ser Glu Asp His Val Thr Arg Lys Thr Phe Thr Ile Asn Leu Gly
1310 1315 1320
Thr Glu Gln Glu Phe Pro Ala Asp Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Tyr Pro
1325 1330 1335
Ala Ala Asp Met Thr Val Thr Ala Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ser Gly
1340 1345 1350
Thr Ala Thr Glu Gly Pro Lys Lys Phe Ala Val Asp Gly Asn Thr
1355 1360 1365
Ser Thr Tyr Trp His Ser Asn Trp Thr Pro Thr Thr Val Asn Asp
1370 1375 1380
Leu Trp Ile Ala Phe Glu Leu Gln Lys Pro Thr Lys Leu Asp Ala
1385 1390 1395
Leu Arg Tyr Leu Pro Arg Pro Ala Gly Ser Lys Asn Gly Ser Val
1400 1405 1410
Thr Glu Tyr Lys Val Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly Thr Asn Trp Thr
1415 1420 1425
Asp Ala Gly Ser Gly Thr Trp Thr Thr Asp Tyr Gly Trp Lys Leu
1430 1435 1440
Ala Glu Phe Asn Gln Pro Val Thr Thr Lys His Val Arg Leu Lys
1445 1450 1455
Ala Val His Thr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Gly Asn Asp Lys Phe Met Ser
1460 1465 1470
Ala Ser Glu Ile Arg Leu Arg Lys Ala Val Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile
1475 1480 1485
Ser Gly Ala Thr Val Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Arg
1490 1495 1500
Val Asp Ala Asp His Pro Ala Thr Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Val Thr
1505 1510 1515
Val Thr Leu Gly Asp Ala Thr Leu Arg Tyr Gly Val Asp Tyr Leu
1520 1525 1530
Leu Asp Tyr Ala Gly Asn Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Ala Thr Val Thr
1535 1540 1545
Val Arg Gly Ile Asp Lys Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ala Lys Thr Phe
1550 1555 1560
Thr Ile Glu Leu Lys Asn Ala Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Thr Leu Thr
1565 1570 1575
Ser Val Ser Val Lys Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Leu Thr Tyr Val Val
1580 1585 1590
Gly Asp Ala Phe Asp Pro Ala Gly Leu Val Leu Gln Leu Asn Tyr
1595 1600 1605
Asp Asp Asp Ser Thr Gly Thr Val Thr Trp Asn Thr Gln Thr Ala
1610 1615 1620
Gly Asp Phe Thr Phe Lys Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Lys Leu Lys Val
1625 1630 1635
Thr Asp Lys Thr Val Thr Val Thr Tyr Gln Gly Lys Ser Ala Val
1640 1645 1650
Ile Asp Ile Thr Val Ser Gln Pro Ala Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Thr
1655 1660 1665
Asp Leu Asp Lys Ala Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Lys Asn Pro Asp
1670 1675 1680
Ser Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser Trp Lys Thr Phe Ala Asp Ala
1685 1690 1695
Met Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Asp Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln
1700 1705 1710
Gln Asp Val Asp Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr Asp Ala Tyr Ala
1715 1720 1725
Gly Leu Thr Glu Lys Thr Pro Glu Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Lys Ser
1730 1735 1740
Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys Ile Lys Ala Ile Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp
1745 1750 1755
Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Glu Ser Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala
1760 1765 1770
Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile Ala Ser Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln
1775 1780 1785
Gln Asp Val Asp Ala Ala Leu Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Ala Arg Asp
1790 1795 1800
Gly Leu Thr Glu Lys Gly Glu Val Lys Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Glu
1805 1810 1815
Pro Gly Thr Val Asp Lys Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Lys Lys
1820 1825 1830
Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Asp Gly Ser Lys Tyr Thr Ala Asp Ser
1835 1840 1845
Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Thr Ala Leu Ala His Ala Lys Ala Val Ile
1850 1855 1860
Gly Asn Ala Asn Ser Thr Gln Phe Asp Ile Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser
1865 1870 1875
Met Leu Asn Asp Ala Arg Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Pro Gly Arg
1880 1885 1890
Ile Ile Ala Ile Ile Asp Gly Gly Ala Leu Ser Lys Thr Gly Ala
1895 1900 1905
Ser Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ser Val Ala Ala Ala Met Lys Ala Val
1910 1915 1920
Gly Ala Gly Val Met Ala Leu Arg Pro Pro Lys Trp
1925 1930 1935
Claims (15)
1.酸化乳制品,其pH为3.0-5.0,乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml,其中所述制品含有乳糖酶,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
2.根据权利要求1所述的乳制品,其中所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳温度下的活性相比,在10℃的温度和pH 6.0下将其活性保持在至少10%的水平。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的乳制品,其中所述制品含有的乳糖酶的量为每升乳制品100-20000LAU。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的乳制品,其中所述制品是通过使用起子培养物发酵产生的发酵乳制品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的乳制品,其中发酵后所述发酵乳制品已经经受了热处理,以将所述起子培养物的细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,并且其中已经在热处理后添加了所述乳糖酶。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的乳制品,其中所述乳糖酶是源自两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)的乳糖酶。
7.根据权利要求6所述的乳制品,其中所述源自两歧双歧杆菌的乳糖酶包含与选自由SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸28-1931、SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸28-1331、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4及其乳糖酶活性片段组成的组的序列至少50%相同的氨基酸序列。
8.根据权利要求1所述的乳制品,其中所述制品含有选自由酸性乳清和酸性乳清渗透物组成的组的酸性乳清制品。
9.生产酸化乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:提供pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml基础酸化乳制品,向所述基础酸化乳制品中添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
10.生产酸化乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:提供pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的基础酸化乳制品,使所述基础酸化乳制品经受热处理以将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,以获得热处理的酸化乳制品,向所述热处理的酸化乳制品添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的酸化乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
11.生产发酵乳制品的方法,包括以下步骤:使用乳酸菌的起子培养物发酵乳基质以获得pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量为至少1.5mg/ml的起子培养物发酵的乳制品,使所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受热处理以将细菌水平降低至不超过1×10exp02CFU/g,以获得热处理的发酵乳制品,向所述热处理的发酵乳制品添加乳糖酶以获得含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%水平,并将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品在至少2℃的温度下储存至少1天。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品储存在至少15℃的温度下。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的方法,其中将所述含有乳糖酶的发酵乳制品储存至少7天。
14.根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法,其中使所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品经受浓缩步骤,以将所述起子培养物发酵的乳制品分成浓缩级分和分离的酸性乳清级分,其中所述分离的酸性乳清级分而不是所述浓缩级分经受所述方法的后续步骤。
15.乳糖酶在用于添加到pH为3.0-5.0、乳糖含量至少为1.5mg/ml的酸化乳制品以在储存期间减少所述乳糖中的用途,所述乳糖酶与其在乳糖酶最佳pH下的活性相比,在pH 5.0和37℃的温度下将其活性保持在至少5%的水平。
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PCT/EP2017/063814 WO2017216000A1 (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2017-06-07 | Fermented milk product with a reduced content of lactose |
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EP3731655A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-11-04 | Euroserum | Carbohydrate composition, process for producing the composition and feed and food products comprising such a composition |
BR112021007244A2 (pt) | 2018-10-17 | 2021-08-10 | Chr. Hansen A/S | enzimas lactase com propriedades melhoradas em ph ácido |
AU2019392275A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2021-06-24 | International N&H Denmark Aps | Use of lactase to provide high GOS fiber level and low lactose level |
CN110338228B (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-10-14 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | 一种不致腹胀的豆浆粉及其制作方法 |
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WO2013160413A1 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Use of lactic acid bacteria for preparing fermented food products with increased natural sweetness |
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CA2828508A1 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-13 | Meiji Co., Ltd. | Fermented milk with improved flavor and method for producing same |
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AU2017285983A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
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US20190142022A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
WO2017216000A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
MX2018014895A (es) | 2019-04-24 |
AU2017285983B2 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
US11653659B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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JP7096169B2 (ja) | 2022-07-05 |
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