CN110117201A - A kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer and preparation method thereof using the allotment of cattle farm fermenting bed padding - Google Patents

A kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer and preparation method thereof using the allotment of cattle farm fermenting bed padding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110117201A
CN110117201A CN201910465312.2A CN201910465312A CN110117201A CN 110117201 A CN110117201 A CN 110117201A CN 201910465312 A CN201910465312 A CN 201910465312A CN 110117201 A CN110117201 A CN 110117201A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
tangerine shaddock
raw material
special fertilizer
tangerine
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CN201910465312.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
钟珍梅
陈敏健
周大顺
郑定柳
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Institute of Agricultural Ecology of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Agricultural Ecology of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201910465312.2A priority Critical patent/CN110117201A/en
Publication of CN110117201A publication Critical patent/CN110117201A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/005Potato seed cutters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer and preparation method thereof using the allotment of cattle farm in-situ fermentation padding.Its formula includes: that the sum of biological organic fertilizer 83 ~ 86%, calcium magnesium phosphate 4.0 ~ 5.0%, potassium sulfate 6.0 ~ 7.0%, urea 4.0 ~ 5.0%, ammonium molybdate 0.02 ~ 0.04%, total mass fraction are 100% as mass fraction.The present invention is to prepare biological organic fertilizer after cattle farm fermenting bed padding to be carried out to biofermentation, nutrient adjusting, it deploys to obtain tangerine shaddock special fertilizer with inorganic component again, the present invention contains organic and inorganic nutrients by the special fertilizer that the formula produces, N, P, K element rational proportion, and contain middle microelement, take into account fertilizer efficiency rate and duration, tangerine shaddock Fruit, coloring phase nutrient demand can sufficiently be met, soluble solid content, pol and sugar-acid ratio etc. in tangerine shaddock fruit are improved, reducing Cirtus peel thickness improves tangerine shaddock fruit quality.

Description

A kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer and preparation method thereof using the allotment of cattle farm fermenting bed padding
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of tangerine shaddock using the allotment of cattle farm in-situ fermentation padding is special With fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
In-situ fermentation bed cultural technique is using the basic theories of microbiology, ecology and Fermentation Engineering, in cowshed The interior certain thickness organic substance padding of laying passes through activity using active function microbial bacteria as the carrier of matter and energy The growth of powerful beneficial functions bacterium and breeding consume animal fecaluria waste degradation, while realizing cultivation pollution-free and zero The purpose of discharge, the cultural technique are a kind of novel environment protection ecologic cultural techniques.In-situ fermentation bed padding generally passes through 2-3 Year dissolves feces of farm and continuing fermentation, is a kind of good organic fertilizer, and not only the content of organic matter is high, other microelements Also several times higher than common organic matter with nutrition, in-situ fermentation bed padding ferments again by fermenting agent can be used to prepare Biological organic fertilizer, matrix etc., economic value with higher.
Jianyang tangerine shaddock is Nanping City in Fujian province Jianyang area specialty, china national geography famous special product, at present in Nanping City Each counties and cities are planted extensively.Tangerine shaddock fruit is of fine quality greatly for Jianyang, and golden yellow color, juice fleshiness is crisp, pleasant to the palate, and sugar rich in has Machine acid, minerals, cellulose, amino acid and multivitamin ingredient are a kind of excellent fruit.Jianyang tangerine shaddock fruit taste cool in nature It is sweet, there are the multiple efficacies such as cough-relieving of promoting the production of body fluid, moistening lung for removing phlegm, qi-regulating stomach invigorating, eliminating stagnation to stop pain, diuresis of sobering up, or medicine, food industry Important source material, winning a high admiration inside and outside the province.The fertilizing method of tangerine shaddock planting process refers to other citrus fruit trees mostly, to change Based on fertilizer, existing fertilizer market lacks tangerine shaddock special fertilizer.If there is quality deterioration during chronic administration chemical fertilizer in tangerine shaddock The problems such as meat fiber, water shortage, skin depth, pol is low, solves tangerine shaddock fruit to better meet tangerine shaddock cultivating superior high-yield demand The degenerate problem of real quality, research and development tangerine shaddock special fertilizer have important production meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer using the allotment of cattle farm fermenting bed padding and its preparations Method, fertilizing method contain organic and inorganic nutrients by the special fertilizer that the formula and method produce, and N, P, K element are rationally matched Than, and contain middle microelement, fertilizer efficiency rate and duration are taken into account, tangerine shaddock Fruit, coloring phase nutrient can be sufficiently met Demand improves soluble solid content, pol and sugar-acid ratio etc. in tangerine shaddock fruit, reduces Cirtus peel thickness, improves tangerine shaddock fruit Real quality.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer using cattle farm fermentation padding allotment, formula includes: that biology has as mass fraction Machine fertilizer 83~86%, calcium magnesium phosphate 4.0~5.0%, potassium sulfate 6.0~7.0%, urea 4.0~5.0%, ammonium molybdate 0.02~ 0.04%, the sum of total mass fraction is 100%.
A kind of preparation method of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer using cattle farm fermentation padding allotment is by cattle farm fermentation bed Padding carries out biofermentation, nutrient prepares biological organic fertilizer after adjusting, then deploys to obtain tangerine shaddock special fertilizer with inorganic component, has Preparation the following steps are included:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: the cattle farm fermenting bed padding of 2-3 will have been used to remove fermentation bed, stacked naturally To water content≤60wt%.Coarse crushing fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw (rice straw, tobacco rod etc.), make original on pulverizer Expect grain diameter 0.5-1cm;By fermenting bed padding and the agricultural crop straw ratio of 4-5:1 in mass ratio in stirrer for mixing Uniformly, it is prepared into biological organic fertilizer fermentation raw material, the organic fertilizer raw material water content≤50wt% prepared.
(2) biological organic fertilizer ferments: the mixed raw material heap prepared being entered in fermentation tank, to stockpile to 40~50 lis The ammonium bicarbonate for accounting for 1.5~2.0wt% of composting material quality is added in rice, mixes, then toward uniformly spraying composite zymocyte on raw material Agent, bacteria suspension concentration 0.1-0.2wt% account for 0.2~0.3wt% of material quality;It is further continued for heap and enters raw material repetition above step, 1.5-1.8 meters are reached to waste height;5-7d turning is primary, 35~40d of composting.
(3) nutrient is adjusted: after it's the megathermal period has past compost, constant temperature maintains 1 week or more at 40~45 DEG C, is supported Divide and adjusts.Being added and accounting for the calcium superphosphate of material quality 10wt% is the borax with 1wt%, is mixed together with raw material, constant temperature At 40~45 DEG C, it is aged 20~30d, biological organic fertilizer is prepared.
(4) special fertilizer is prepared: mixing biological organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate thoroughly obtained tangerine shaddock special fertilizer; Urea is added before fertilising, mixes.
A kind of fertilizing method of the tangerine shaddock special fertilizer using cattle farm fermentation padding allotment: application tangerine shaddock special fertilizer, 4.0~10.0kg/ plants of dose, fertilization mode cave is applied or ditch spread, earthing or covers 2~3 centimetres of grass, and the best fertilization time that applies fertilizer is Early July, optimum fertilizing amount are 6.0kg/ plants.
Advantages of the present invention and effect are:
Fermenting bed padding in inventive formulation passes through lasting consumption and fermentation of the 2-3 to feces of farm, organic matter Content is high, and other microelements and nutrition are also several times higher than common organic matter.The present invention utilizes cattle farm fermentation padding fertilizer The feature that effect is high, the duration is long carries out rational allocation with inorganic fertilizer, can provide sufficient support for tangerine shaddock Fruit and coloring Divide content.After applying special fertilizer of the present invention, tangerine shaddock quality be improved significantly, soluble solid content, solubility Sugared content, ascorbic acid content and sugar-acid ratio are significantly improved, and skin thickness significantly reduces 9.60%~13.08%.Wherein 6.0kg/ plants of dose effect is best.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand content of the present invention, With reference to embodiment to technology of the present invention Scheme is described further, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
1, the preparation of fermentation raw material: the cattle farm fermenting bed padding of 2-3 will have been used to remove fermentation bed, stacked naturally extremely Water content≤60wt%.Coarse crushing fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw on pulverizer make feed particles partial size 0.5-1cm; Fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw are prepared into biological organic fertilizer uniform in stirrer for mixing by the mass ratio of 4:1 Fermentation raw material, the organic fertilizer raw material water content≤50wt% prepared.
2, biological organic fertilizer ferments: the mixed raw material heap prepared is entered in fermentation tank, to stockpile to 40~50 centimetres, The ammonium bicarbonate for accounting for the 2.0wt% of composting material quality is added, mixes, then toward composite fermentation microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on raw material, microbial inoculum is dense Degree is 0.2wt%, accounts for the 0.3wt% of material quality;It is further continued for heap and enters raw material repetition above step, until waste height is up to 1.5 meters; 7d turning is primary, composting 40d.
3, nutrient is adjusted: after compost has crossed temperature raising period, constant temperature is at 40~45 DEG C and maintains 1 week or more, is supported Divide and adjusts.Being added and accounting for the calcium superphosphate of material quality 10wt% is the borax with 1wt%, is mixed together with raw material, constant temperature At 40~45 DEG C, it is aged 20d.
4, special fertilizer is prepared: as mass fraction including biological organic fertilizer 85.01%, calcium magnesium phosphate 4.25%, potassium sulfate 6.29%, urea 4.42%, ammonium molybdate 0.03%, mixing preparation tangerine shaddock special fertilizer, total mass fraction 100% are mixed thoroughly.
5, early July applies deployed tangerine shaddock special fertilizer.Before testing site 1 is selected in Nan Ping tower, 26 ° 27 ' 59 of longitude ", latitude 118 ° 11 ' 56 of degree ", 468.72 meters of height above sea level, belong to red earth mountains, 10 years tangerine teak ages.It interferes in order to prevent, hillslope processes selection Far from roadside, 1 direction (the south).Test is control with fruit conventional fertilizer application amount, and conventional fertilizer application amount is 1kg compound fertilizer (15- 15-15) and 7% organic fertilizer 15kg of total nutrient, 1.5kg/ plants of total nutrient).4 fertilizer gradients are set, processing I is respectively as follows:, are applied fertilizer 4.0kg/ plants, 0.70kg/ plants of total nutrient of amount;Processing II, 6.0kg/ plants of dose, 1.05kg/ plants of total nutrient;Processing III, fertilising 8.0kg/ plants, 1.41kg/ plants of total nutrient of amount;Processing IV, 10.0kg/ plants of dose, 1.76kg/ plants of total nutrient.6 plant weights of every processing It is multiple, using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN.Fertilization mode cave is applied or ditch spread, earthing or cover grass 3~5 centimetres.
6, fertilizer gradient test result shows that 4 kinds of doses of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer significantly reduce the skin thickness of tangerine shaddock, point 10.92%, 16.03%, 9.60% and 13.08% is not reduced, wherein best with 6.0kg/ plants of dose of effect.4 kinds are applied Fertilizer amount significantly increases the content of soluble solid in tangerine shaddock fruit, has increased separately 9.09%, 13.64%, 6.82% and 6.09%, wherein best with 6.0kg/ plants of dose of effect.4 kinds of doses, which significantly increase, significantly improves tangerine shaddock Vitamin C Acid content significantly increases 145.70%, 274.91%, 289.35% and 199.66% respectively.4 kinds of doses also dramatically increase Tangerine shaddock soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio, reduce citric acid content in tangerine shaddock.Specific data are shown in Table 1.
To the influence result of tangerine shaddock quality and skin thickness after the application of 1. testing site of table, 1 tangerine shaddock special fertilizer formula
Embodiment 2
1, the preparation of fermentation raw material: the cattle farm fermenting bed padding of 2-3 will have been used to remove fermentation bed, stacked naturally extremely Water content≤60wt%.Coarse crushing fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw (rice straw, tobacco rod etc.), make raw material on pulverizer Grain diameter 0.5-1cm;By fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw in the ratio of 4.5:1 in, system uniform in stirrer for mixing The standby organic fertilizer raw material water content≤50wt% at biological organic fertilizer fermentation raw material, prepared.
2, biological organic fertilizer ferments: the mixed raw material heap prepared is entered in fermentation tank, to stockpile to 40~50 centimetres, The ammonium bicarbonate for accounting for the 1.8wt% of composting material quality is added, mixes, then toward composite fermentation microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on raw material, microbial inoculum is dense Degree is 0.15wt%, accounts for the 0.2wt% of material quality;It is further continued for heap and enters raw material repeating above step, until waste height is up to 1.8 Rice;7d turning is primary, composting 40d.
3, nutrient is adjusted: after compost has crossed temperature raising period, constant temperature is at 40~45 DEG C and maintains 1 week or more, is supported Divide and adjusts.Being added and accounting for the calcium superphosphate of material quality 10wt% is the borax with 1wt%, is mixed together with raw material, constant temperature At 40~45 DEG C, it is aged 20d.
4, special fertilizer prepare: by organic fertilizer 83.76%, urea 4.81%, calcium magnesium phosphate 4.65%, potassium sulfate 6.74%, Ammonium molybdate 0.04% deploys tangerine shaddock special fertilizer, and total mass fraction 100% is mixed thoroughly.
5, early July applies deployed tangerine shaddock special fertilizer.Testing site 2 is selected in the Shunchang town Jian Xi, and 26 ° 49 ' 39 " E, 117 ° 58 ' 32 " N, belongs to field, 10 years tangerine teak ages by 188.93 meters of height above sea level.Test is control with fruit conventional fertilizer application amount, often Advising dose is 1.5kg/ plants, is the compound fertilizer of 15-7-20.5 fertilizer gradients are set, processing I, dose are respectively as follows: 4.0kg/ plants, 0.70kg/ plants of total nutrient;Processing II, 4.8kg/ plants of dose, 0.84kg/ plants of total nutrient;Processing III, dose 6.0kg/ plants, 1.05kg/ plants of total nutrient;Processing IV, 7.2kg/ plants of dose, 1.27kg/ plants of total nutrient;Processing V, dose It is 8.0kg/ plants, total nutrient content is 1.41kg/ plants, and 9 plant weights of every processing are multiple, using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN.It applies in fertilization mode cave Or ditch spread, thickness of earth covering are 3~5 centimetres.
6,5 kinds of doses of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer reduce the skin thickness of tangerine shaddock, reduce 6.07% respectively, 2.49%, 17.11%, 3.21% and 12.17%, and reach the level of signifiance handling III (6.0kg/ plants).4 kinds of fertilisings before tangerine shaddock special fertilizer Amount increases the content of soluble solid in tangerine shaddock fruit, and reaches the level of signifiance handling III (6.0kg/ plants).Tangerine shaddock is special The ratio and sugar-acid ratio that ascorbic acid content, soluble sugar in tangerine shaddock fruit are also added significantly with fertilizer, reduce tangerine shaddock fruit Citric acid content and skin thickness, and handle III (6.0kg/ plants) effect it is best.
To the influence result of tangerine shaddock quality and skin thickness after the application of 2. testing site of table, 2 tangerine shaddock special fertilizer formula

Claims (4)

1. a kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer using cattle farm fermentation padding allotment, it is characterised in that: its formula wraps as mass fraction It includes: biological organic fertilizer 83 ~ 86%, calcium magnesium phosphate 4.0 ~ 5.0%, potassium sulfate 6.00 ~ 7.0%, urea 4.0 ~ 5.0%, ammonium molybdate 0.02 ~ 0.04%, the sum of total mass fraction is 100%.
2. a kind of method for preparing the tangerine shaddock special fertilizer as described in claim 1 using cattle farm fermentation padding allotment, special Sign is: will cattle farm fermenting bed padding carries out biofermentation, nutrient prepares biological organic fertilizer after adjusting, then with inorganic component tune With obtaining tangerine shaddock special fertilizer.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: its specific preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: the cattle farm fermenting bed padding of 2-3 will have been used to remove fermentation bed, stacking is to containing naturally Water≤60wt%;Coarse crushing fermenting bed padding and agricultural crop straw on pulverizer make feed particles partial size 0.5-1cm;It will hair Ferment bed padding and agricultural crop straw uniform in stirrer for mixing, are prepared into biological organic fertilizer hair in the ratio of quality 4-5:1 Ferment raw material, the organic fertilizer raw material water content≤50wt% prepared;
(2) biological organic fertilizer ferments: the mixed raw material heap prepared being entered in fermentation tank, to stockpile to 40 ~ 50 centimetres, is added The ammonium bicarbonate of 1.5 ~ 2.0wt% of composting material quality is accounted for, is mixed, then toward uniformly spraying composite fermentation microbial inoculum, bacteria suspension concentration on raw material For 0.1-0.2wt%, 0.2 ~ 0.3wt% of material quality is accounted for;It is further continued for heap and enters raw material repetition above step, until waste height reaches 1.5-1.8 rice;5-7d turning is primary, 35 ~ 40d of composting;
(3) nutrient is adjusted: after it's the megathermal period has past compost, more than constant temperature is for 1 week at 40 ~ 45 DEG C, carrying out nutrient tune Section;The borax of the calcium superphosphate and 1wt% that account for material quality 10wt% is added, is mixed together with raw material, constant temperature is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, it is aged 20 ~ 30d, biological organic fertilizer is prepared;
(4) special fertilizer is prepared: mixing biological organic fertilizer, urea, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate thoroughly obtained tangerine shaddock in proportion Special fertilizer.
4. it is a kind of as described in claim 1 using the fertilizing method of the tangerine shaddock special fertilizer of cattle farm fermentation padding allotment, it is special Sign is: application tangerine shaddock special fertilizer, 4.0 ~ 10.0kg/ plant of dose, fertilization mode cave is applied or ditch spread, earthing or covers careless 2 ~ 3 lis Rice, the best fertilization time that applies fertilizer are early July, and optimum fertilizing amount is 6.0kg/ plants.
CN201910465312.2A 2019-05-30 2019-05-30 A kind of tangerine shaddock special fertilizer and preparation method thereof using the allotment of cattle farm fermenting bed padding Pending CN110117201A (en)

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