CN110037999A - 治疗和诊断黑素瘤 - Google Patents
治疗和诊断黑素瘤 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110037999A CN110037999A CN201811502066.5A CN201811502066A CN110037999A CN 110037999 A CN110037999 A CN 110037999A CN 201811502066 A CN201811502066 A CN 201811502066A CN 110037999 A CN110037999 A CN 110037999A
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Abstract
本申请涉及治疗和诊断黑素瘤,具体而言,本发明公开了用于诊断和治疗黑素瘤的新的制剂以及方法。还公开了相关的阵列、试剂盒和筛选方法。
Description
本申请是申请号为201380053478.4,申请日为2013年8月13日,发明名称为“治疗和诊断黑素瘤”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年8月13日提交的美国临时申请第61/682,339号和2013年3月14日提交的美国临时申请第61/784,057号的优先权。所述申请的内容通过引用以其整体合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及诊断和治疗迁移的癌症(migrating cancers)和黑素瘤。
背景技术
黑素瘤是恶性肿瘤,由下表皮细胞中异常的黑色素细胞发展而来,并可通过血液和淋巴系统转移到体内远的位点。虽然仅占小于5%的皮肤癌病例,但是黑素瘤更加危险,并导致与皮肤癌相关的大多数死亡。全世界的黑素瘤的发病率以惊人的速度提高,美国男性终生黑素瘤发展的风险高达1/58(Jemal et al.,2008,CA:Cancer J.Clin.58:71-96)。全世界的恶性黑素瘤的死亡率也持续显著地提高。根据2006WHO报道,每年全世界出现大约48,000例与黑素瘤相关的死亡(Lucas et al.(2006)Environmental Burden of DiseaseSeries.13.World Health Organization.ISBN 92-4-159440-3)。在美国,估计在2010年几乎70,000个人被诊断为黑素瘤,并且预期大约9,000人死于该疾病(美国癌症协会;www.cancer.org)。
虽然一些常规癌症治疗方法已经用于治疗转移性的(metastatic)黑素瘤,但是它们无效。因此,转移性黑素瘤仍然是最难于治疗的癌症之一,并且是最令人畏惧的肿瘤之一。因此,需要用于黑素瘤的诊断和治疗的新制剂和方法。
发明内容
本发明通过提供诊断和治疗黑素瘤的制剂和方法而满足了上述需要。本发明至少部分地基于转移性黑素瘤中去调控的协同的miRNA-蛋白质网络的意外发现。该网络包括若干转移抑制因子和转移促进因子。
在一个方面,本发明的特征为治疗癌症的方法,包括施予有此需要的受试者LXR激动剂,其中,所述LXR激动剂以足以提高ApoE的表达水平或活性水平至足以减缓所述癌症转移的扩散的量施予。
另一方面,本发明的特征为治疗癌症的方法,包括施予足以治疗所述癌症的量的ApoE多肽给有此需要的受试者。
另一方面,本发明的特征为减缓迁移的癌症的扩散的方法,包括施予LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽给有此需要的受试者。
在任何上述方法的一些实施方式中,LXR激动剂为LXRβ激动剂。在某些实施方式中,LXR激动剂提高了ApoE的体外表达水平至少2.5倍。在某些实施方式中,LXRβ激动剂对于LXRβ的选择性超过LXRα。在其它实施方式中,LXRβ激动剂对LXRβ具有活性,所述活性比所述激动剂对LXRα的活性大至少2.5倍。在一些实施方式中,LXRβ激动剂对LXRβ具有活性,所述活性比所述激动剂对LXRα的活性大至少10倍。在进一步的实施方式中,LXRβ激动剂对LXRβ具有活性,所述活性比所述激动剂对LXRα的活性大至少100倍。在某些实施方式中,LXR激动剂对LXRβ具有活性,所述活性比激动剂对LXRα的活性大至少2.5倍。
在一些实施方式中,迁移的癌症为转移的癌。所述转移的癌可包括呈现迁移细胞的迁移和/或侵入的细胞和/或包括呈现内皮募集和/或血管生成的细胞。在其它实施方式中,所述迁移的癌症为细胞迁移癌。在另一些其它实施方式中,所述细胞迁移癌为非转移的细胞迁移癌。
所述迁移的癌症可为通过腹膜的、胸膜的、心包的表面或蜘蛛膜下腔的种植(seeding)而扩散的癌症。备选地,所述迁移的癌症可为通过淋巴系统扩散的癌症或通过血液扩散的癌症。
在具体的实施方式中,所述迁移的癌症为非转移性细胞迁移癌的细胞迁移癌,例如卵巢癌、间皮瘤或原发性肺癌。
在相关方面,本发明提供了抑制或减少癌的转移的方法,包括施予LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽。
在另一方面,本发明提供了抑制癌干细胞或癌症起始细胞(cancer initiatingcell)增殖或生长的方法,包括使所述细胞接触足以抑制所述细胞的增殖或生长的量的LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽。
在另一方面,本发明提供了降低癌症的肿瘤种植(tumor seeding)的速度的方法,包括施予足以降低肿瘤种植的量的LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽给有此需要的受试者。
在再一方面,本发明提供了减少或治疗癌的转移性结节形成的方法,包括施予足以治疗所述癌的转移性结节形成的量的LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽给有此需要的受试者。
在其它实施方式中,所述癌症为乳腺癌、结肠癌、肾细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、肝细胞癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、食管癌、前列腺癌、肉瘤或黑素瘤。在一些实施方式中,所述癌症为黑素瘤。在其它实施方式中,所述癌症为乳腺癌。在某些实施方式中,所述癌症为肾细胞癌。在另外的实施方式中,所述癌症为胰腺癌。在其它实施方式中,所述癌症为非小细胞肺癌。在一些实施方式中,所述癌症为结肠癌。在另外的实施方式中,所述癌症为卵巢癌。
在其它实施方式中,所述癌症为耐药的癌症。在另外的实施方式中,所述癌症抗威罗菲尼、达卡巴嗪、CTLA4抑制剂、PD1抑制剂或PDL1抑制剂。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括施予选自由具有化学式I-IV的任一个或化合物编号1~39的任一个的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐组成的列表的LXR激动剂。在一些实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物1或其药学上可接受的盐。在其它实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物2或其药学上可接受的盐。在某些实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物3或其药学上可接受的盐。在另外的实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物12或其药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物25或其药学上可接受的盐。在其它实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物38或其药学上可接受的盐。在另外的实施方式中,所述LXR激动剂为化合物39或其药学上可接受的盐。
所述方法可进一步包括施予抗增殖剂,其中,所述LXR激动剂和所述抗增殖剂以共同足以减缓迁移的癌症的进展的量施予。例如,所述LXR激动剂和所述抗增殖剂以共同有效地治疗所述受试者的量在28天内的每一天(例如21、14、10、7、5、4、3、2或1天内)或在24个小时(例如12、6、3、2或1小时;或伴随地)内施予。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括施予ApoE多肽。所述ApoE多肽片段提高了LRP1或LRP8的活性水平或表达水平,并且/或者所述ApoE多肽可结合LRP1或LRP8,并且所述ApoE多肽可为ApoE的受体结合区域(RBR)。所述方法可进一步包括施予抗增殖剂,其中,所述ApoE多肽和所述抗增殖剂以共同足以减缓迁移的癌症的进展的量施予。例如,所述抗增殖剂和ApoE多肽以共同有效地治疗所述受试者的量在28天内的每一天(例如21、14、10、7、5、4、3、2或1天)或24个小时(例如12、6、3、2或1小时;或伴随地)内施予。
在一些实施方式中,所述药物组合物可进一步地包括其它的具有抗增殖活性的化合物。所述另外的具有抗增殖活性的化合物可选自化合物的组中,例如化学治疗剂和细胞毒性剂,诱导分化的制剂(例如视黄酸(retinoic acid)、维生素D、细胞因子)、激素制剂、免疫制剂和抗血管生成剂。化学治疗剂和细胞毒性剂包括但不限于烷化剂、细胞毒性抗生素、抗代谢物、长春花生物碱、依托泊苷,和其它(例如,紫杉醇、泰素、多西他赛、多西紫杉醇、顺铂)。可在L.Brunton,B.Chabner and B.Knollman(eds).Goodman and Gilman’s ThePharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,Twelfth Edition,2011,McGraw HillCompanies,New York,NY中发现一系列的具有抗增殖活性的其它的化合物。
所述方法可进一步包括施予抗增殖剂化合物,所述抗增殖剂化合物选自由烷化剂、铂剂(platinum agent)、抗代谢物、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗肿瘤抗生素、抗有丝分裂剂、芳香酶抑制剂、胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂、DNA拮抗剂、法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂、泵(pump)抑制剂、组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂、金属蛋白酶抑制剂、核糖核苷酸还原酶抑制剂、TNFα激动剂/拮抗剂、内皮素A受体拮抗剂、视黄酸受体激动剂、免疫调制子、激素与抗激素剂、光动力剂(photodynamic agent)、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、反义化合物、皮质类固醇酶、HSP90抑制剂、蛋白酶体抑制剂(例如NPI-0052)、CD40抑制剂、抗CSI抗体、FGFR3抑制剂、VEGF抑制剂、MEK抑制剂、细胞周期蛋白D1抑制剂、NF-kB抑制剂、蒽环类、组蛋白脱乙酰酶、驱动蛋白抑制剂、磷酸酶抑制剂、COX2抑制剂、mTOR抑制剂、钙神经素拮抗剂、IMiD或用于治疗增生性疾病的其它制剂组成的组。表1中提供了这样的化合物的实例。
另一方面,本发明的特征为治疗有此需要的受试者中的黑素瘤(例如转移性黑素瘤)的方法。所述方法包括(a)提高所述受试者中选自由DNAJA4、载脂蛋白E(ApoE)、LRP1、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR,例如LXR-α和LXR-β两者)和miR-7组成的组中的转移抑制因子的表达水平或活性水平,或(b)降低所述受试者中选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF组成的组中的转移促进因子的表达水平或活性水平。
在所述方法中,可通过施予所述受试者下述一种或多种而进行所述提高的步骤:(i)具有DNAJA4、ApoE或ApoE片段、LRP1、LRP8或LXR的序列的多肽;(ii)具有编码DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8或LXR的序列的核酸;(iii)LRP1、LRP8或LXR的配体;和(iv)编码miR-7的RNAi制剂。LRP1或LRP8配体的实例包括ApoE、抗LRP1或抗LRP8抗体的受体结合部分或小分子配体。在一个实例中,可通过提高LXR的活性水平或表达水平而进行所述ApoE表达水平的提高。还可通过提高LXR的活性水平或表达水平而提高所述DNAJA4的表达水平。可通过施予LXR配体(例如,如下面所述的化学式I-IV的化合物)给受试者而提高LXR活性水平。还可通过降低选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908组成的组中的microRNA的表达水平或活性水平而进行所述提高步骤。为此,可使用本领域中已知的数种技术,包括但不限于miR-Zip技术、锁核酸(LNA)以及如下面的实施例中描述的拮抗mir(antagomir)技术。
在另一方面,本发明提供了测定受试者是否患有转移性黑素瘤或者处于患有转移性黑素瘤的危险的方法。所述方法包括从所述受试者获得样本;测量所述样本中(i)选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF组成的转移促进因子的第一表达水平,或(ii)选自由DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、LXR和miR-7组成的组中的转移抑制因子的第二表达水平;以及比较所述第一表达水平与第一预定的参考值,或者比较所述第二表达水平与第二预定的参考值。如果(a)所述第一表达水平大于第一预定参考至或者(b)所述第二表达水平小于第二预定参考值,则确定所述受试者患有转移性黑素瘤或者处于患有转移性黑素瘤的风险。可从不患有转移性黑素瘤的对照受试者获得所述第一预定参考值和第二预定参考值。在一个实施方式中,所述测量步骤包括测量所述第一表达水平和所述第二表达水平两者。所述样本可为体液样本、肿瘤样本、痣样本或人皮肤样本。
在另一方面,本发明提供了具有支持物的阵列,所述支撑物具有多个独特的位置,和下述的任何组合(i)至少一条核酸,其具有与编码选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF或其互补序列组成的组中的转移促进因子的核酸互补的序列,或(ii)至少一条核酸,其具有与编码选自由DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、LXR和miR-7或其互补序列组成的组中的转移抑制因子的核酸互补的序列。优选地,固定每条核酸到支持物的独特的位置。该阵列可用于转移性黑素瘤诊断以及预后。
因此,本发明还提供了用于诊断受试者中黑素瘤的转移潜能的试剂盒。所述试剂盒包括第一试剂,其特异地结合选自由DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、LXR和miR-7组成的组中的转移抑制基因的表达产物;或第二试剂,其特异地结合选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF组成的组中的转移促进基因的表达产物。所述第二制剂可为具有与所述抑制基因或促进基因或其互补序列互补的序列的探针。所述试剂盒可进一步包括用于进行免疫测定、杂交测定或PCR测定的试剂。在一个实施方式中,所述试剂盒包括上述的阵列。
在另一方面,本发明提供了鉴别用于治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭(cellinvasion)或转移性血管生成的化合物的方法。所述方法包括(i)获得表达报告基因的检测细胞,所述报告基因由有效地连接到选自由miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF组成的组中的标记基因的启动子的核酸编码;(ii)暴露所述检测细胞于检测的化合物;(iii)测量所述检测细胞中所述报告基因的表达水平;(iv)比较所述表达水平与对照水平;和(v)如果所述比较表明所述表达水平低于所述对照水平,则选择所述检测的化合物作为用于治疗黑素瘤或用于抑制内皮募集、癌细胞的侵袭或转移性血管生成的候选物。
本发明提供了鉴别用于治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的化合物的另一种方法。所述方法包括(i)获得表达报告基因的检测细胞,所述报告基因由有效地连接到选自由DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、LXR和miR-7组成的组中的标记基因的启动子的核酸编码;(ii)暴露所述检测细胞于检测的化合物;(iii)测量所述检测细胞中所述报告基因的表达水平;(iv)比较所述表达水平与对照水平;和(v)如果所述比较表明所述表达水平高于所述对照水平,则选择所述检测的化合物作为用于治疗黑素瘤或用于抑制内皮募集、癌细胞的侵袭或转移性血管生成的候选物。
在上述鉴别方法中,所述报告基因可为本领域中已知的标准的报告基因(例如LaxZ、GFP或荧光素酶基因等)或上述转移抑制基因或转移促进基因的一种。在所述方法中,除了所述对照细胞不暴露于所述检测的化合物外,从与所述检测细胞相同的对照细胞获得所述对照水平。
在另一方面,本发明提供了通过施予抑制CTGF的表达或活性的制剂给所述受试者而在有此需要的受试者中抑制内皮募集、抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭、或治疗转移癌的方法。所述受试者可为具有以病理性血管生成为特征的病症的受试者,包括但不限于癌症(例如转移性黑素瘤)、眼病和炎症疾病。所述肿瘤细胞的实例为转移性黑素瘤细胞。制剂的实例包括抗体、核酸、多肽或小分子化合物。在优选的实施方式中,所述抗体为单克隆抗体。
在另一方面,本发明提供了通过施予提高miR-7的表达或活性的制剂给所述受试者,而在有此需要的受试者中抑制内皮募集、抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭或治疗转移癌的方法。所述肿瘤细胞的实例为转移性黑素瘤细胞。制剂的实例包括抗体、核酸、多肽或小分子化合物。在一个实例中,所述制剂具有miR-7活性。所述核酸可为寡核苷酸。并且,所述寡核苷酸可包括选自由Seq.ID No.36~38组成的组中的序列。
如文中使用,“迁移的癌症”是指其中形成肿瘤的癌细胞迁移然后在原发肿瘤位点外的其它位点生长为恶性植入物的癌症。癌细胞的迁移如下:通过腹膜的、胸膜的、心包的表面或蜘蛛膜下腔的种植而
扩散到体腔;通过淋巴细胞的侵入而侵入淋巴系统,并运输到局部和远的淋巴结,然后运输到身体的其它部分;通过血液细胞的侵入的血源性扩散;或通过侵入周围组织。迁移的癌症包括转移肿瘤和细胞迁移癌,例如卵巢癌、间皮瘤和原发性肺癌,其每一种均以细胞迁移为特征。
如文中使用,“减缓迁移的癌症的扩散”是指降低或阻止新的位点的形成;或降低、阻止或反转肿瘤负荷。
如文中使用,“转移肿瘤”是指肿瘤或癌,其中形成肿瘤的癌细胞具有通过淋巴系统或血源性扩散而从受试者内的一个位置转移或扩散到另一个位置或多个位置的高的潜能或已经通过淋巴系统或血源性扩散而从受试者内的一个位置转移或扩散到另一个位置或多个位置,例如在受试者内产生继发性肿瘤。这样的转移行为可以是恶性肿瘤的指示。在一些情况下,转移行为可与肿瘤细胞的细胞迁移和/或侵入行为的增加相关。
如文中使用,“减缓转移的扩散”是指降低或阻止新的位点的形成;或降低、阻止或反转肿瘤负荷。
术语“癌症”是指由恶性赘生性细胞的增殖引起的任何癌症,例如肿瘤、赘生物、癌、肉瘤、白血病(leukimias)、淋巴瘤等。
如文中使用,“耐药癌症”是指耐表2中的抗增殖剂的任何癌症。
可以定义为转移性癌症的实例包含但不限于非小细胞肺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结肠直肠癌、胆管癌、膀胱癌、脑癌(包括胶质母细胞瘤和髓母细胞瘤)、宫颈癌、绒毛膜癌、子宫内膜癌、食道癌、胃癌、血液肿瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、白血病、上皮内瘤样病变、肝癌、淋巴瘤、成神经细胞瘤、口腔癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、肉瘤、包括黑素瘤的皮肤癌、基底细胞癌(basocellular cancer)、鳞状细胞癌、睾丸癌、间质瘤、生殖细胞肿瘤、甲状腺癌和肾癌。
本申请中使用的“增殖”涉及相似形式(细胞)由于构成的(细胞的)成分的复制或增加。
本申请中使用的“细胞迁移”涉及癌细胞侵袭周围组织,并且穿过血管壁以将癌细胞从末端器官的脉管系统脱离出去。
“细胞迁移癌”意思是通过癌细胞侵袭周围组织,并且穿过血管壁以将癌细胞从末端器官中的脉管系统脱离出去而迁移的癌。
如文中使用,“非转移性细胞迁移癌”是指不通过淋巴系统或血源性扩散而迁移的癌。
如文中使用,“细胞与细胞粘附”是指至少两个细胞间通过选择素分子与选择素特异性配体之间的相互作用而粘附。细胞与细胞间粘附包括细胞迁移。
文中限定“细胞粘附相关疾病”为由细胞与细胞的粘附或迁移所导致或与其相关的任何疾病或失调。细胞粘附失调还包括由免疫系统或炎症系统的不适当的、异常的或反常的活化产生的任何疾病或不调。这样的疾病包括但不限于心肌梗塞、细菌或病毒感染、转移性疾病(例如癌症)。本发明进一步的特征为以通过施予LXR激动剂或ApoE多肽而治疗细胞粘附失调的方法。
如文中使用,“癌干细胞”或“癌症起始细胞”是指具有与正常干细胞相关的特性(具体地产生在具体的癌样本中发现的全部细胞类型的能力)的癌细胞。因此,癌干细胞为致瘤的或肿瘤形成,或许与其它的非致瘤的癌细胞相反。癌干细胞可作为独特的群体留存在肿瘤中,并通过产生新的肿瘤而引起癌症的复发和转移。
如文中使用,“肿瘤种植”是指肿瘤细胞簇的溢出,以及它们随后在原发癌位点外的其它位点生长为恶性植入物。
如文中使用,“转移性结节”是指肿瘤细胞在体内原发癌位点外的其它位点的聚集。
在下面的描述中说明本发明的一个或多个实施方式的细节。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从所述说明书和权利要求书中变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1.系统鉴定miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p为人黑素瘤转移的内源启动子。(A)描述在独立的MeWo和A375转移衍生物中相对于其各自的亲本细胞而上调的miRNA的方差标准化的微阵列表达值的热图。颜色图表示每个热图行的平均值的标准误差改变。(B)通过qRT-PCR验证了MeWo-LM2转移性衍生物中通过微阵列杂交发现上调的miRNA,n=3。(C)在静脉注射4×104个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908、miR-214的前体或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞后,肺转移性定植的生物发光成像图。在注射后63天取出肺,并H&E染色。n=5。(D)在静脉注射4×104个表达抑制miR-1908(m1908KD)、miR-199a-3p(m199a3p KD)、miR-199a-5p(m199a5p KD)的短发夹(miR-Zip)或对照序列(shCTRL)的LM2细胞后,相应于肺转移的生物发光成像图和H&E染色的肺。在注射后49天取出肺并H&E染色,n=5~8。(E)在第42天通过生物发光成像量化2×105个具有miR-Zip诱导的miR-1908、miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p的沉默或对照序列的A375-LM3转移性衍生物对肺的定植。n=5~8。(F)通过qRT-PCR以不知情的方式在一群来自MSKCC患者的非转移性(n=38)和转移性(n=33)原发黑素瘤皮肤病变中测定miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的表达水平。n=71。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001。还参见图12。
图2.MiR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p在调节黑素瘤转移性进展中显示细胞自主的/非细胞自主的的双功能(A)皮下注射1×106个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞到免疫缺陷小鼠中,并随时间监测原发肿瘤的体积。n=4~6。(B)让1×105个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞通过穿孔(trans-well)的涂布基质胶的嵌入物侵袭24个小时,并量化侵袭到每个插入物的基侧的细胞的数目。n=7。(C-D)1×105个具有miR-Zip诱导的对miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908抑制或对照序列的高转移性MeWo-LM2(C)和A375-LM3(D)细胞用于细胞侵袭实验。n=6~8。(E)5×104个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或者对照发夹的MeWo细胞接种在孔的底部,并让1×105个人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)通过穿孔插入物向癌细胞迁移16个小时。通过量化迁移到每个插入物的基侧的HUVEC的数目而测量内皮募集的能力。n=7。(F-G)miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列对5×104个MeWo-LM2(F)和A375-LM3(G)细胞内皮募集的抑制。n=6~10。(H)在静脉注射2×105个排除miR-199-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的高转移性MeWo-LM2细胞后,形成的转移性结节的血管密度分布百分比的累积部分的图。用人波形蛋白(蓝色)和MECA-32(红色)免疫组织化学双染色肺切片,并量化基于波形蛋白染色区分的每个转移性结节内MECA-32阳性区域的百分比。n=211个结节(对照KD);n=60个结节(m199a3p KD);n=138个结节(m199a5p KD);n=39个结节(m1908KD)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,100μm。还参见图13。
图3.鉴别ApoE和DNAJA4为miR-199a和miR-1908共同的靶基因(A)描述了在差转移性的过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo细胞和高转移性的MeWo-LM2细胞中,通过qRT-PCR测量的ApoE和DNAJA4的mRNA水平的热图。颜色图描述了每个热图栏的平均值的标准偏差的变化。(B)异源的荧光素酶报告基因分析测量了野生型ApoE和DNAJA43’UTR/CDS荧光素酶融合蛋白或miRNA靶位点突变ApoE和DNAJA43’UTR/CDS融合在过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞中的稳定性。n=3~4。(C)野生型ApoE和DNAJA4 3’UTR/CDS荧光素酶融合蛋白在具有沉默表达miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的MeWo-LM2细胞中的稳定性。n=4。(D)miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908靶向的ApoE和DNAJA4 3’UTR/CDS的实验衍生模型的原理图。(E)野生型和miRNA靶向位点突变ApoE和DNAJA4 3’UTR/CDS荧光素酶融合蛋白在高转移性MeWo-LM2衍生物和它们差转移性的亲本细胞中的荧光素酶活性。n=4。(F)1×105个过表达对照载体或过表达ApoE或DNAJA4的MeWo-LM2细胞的基质胶侵袭能力。n=4。(G)5×104个转化对照载体或过表达ApoE或DNAJA4的载体的MeWo-LM2细胞的内皮募集能力。n=6。(H-I)评估差转移性的转化靶向ApoE、DNAJA4或对照序列的慢病毒短发夹的亲本MeWo细胞的基质胶侵袭性能(H)和募集内皮细胞的能力(I)。n=6-8。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,100μm。还参见图14。
图4.miR-199a和miR-1908直接靶向ApoE和DNAJA4促进了转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植(A~D)在miR-1908抑制(m1908KD;A、B)或miR-199a-5p抑制(m199a5p KD;C,D)的情况下,表达对照shRNA或靶向ApoE或DNAJA4的shRNA的高转移性LM2细胞进行细胞侵袭(A、C)和内皮募集测定(B、D)。n=6~8。(E~F)在miR-1908沉默(E)或miR-199a-5p沉默(F)的条件下,静脉注射1×105个表达对照发夹或靶向ApoE、DNAJA4或对照序列的发卡的LM2细胞后,典型的肺转移的生物发光成像图和H&E染色的肺。n=5。(G-H)分析在过表达miR-1908的条件下过表达ApoE或DNAJA4或表达对照载体的亲本MeWo细胞的基质胶侵袭(G)和内皮募集(H)表型。(I~J)用靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA或对照LNA的混合物转化表达对照shRNA或靶向ApoE和DNAJA4的shRNA的A375-LM3衍生物,并分析在基质胶中的侵袭(I)和内皮募集(J)检测。n=4。(K)以累积分数图表示的miR-190 8抑制的并转化靶向ApoE、DNAJA4或对照序列的shRNA的MeWo-LM2细胞形成的转移性结节的血管密度分布。用人波形蛋白(蓝色)和内皮标记MECA-32(红色)免疫组织化学地双染色图4E的肺切片。定量每个波形蛋白阳性结节中MECA-32阳性面积的百分比。n=39个结节(shCTRL);n=97(shAPOE1);n=38(shAPOE2);n=200(shDNAJA41);n=19(shDNAJA42)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,100μm。还参见图15。
图5.黑素瘤细胞分泌的ApoE抑制了黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集,而ApoE的基因缺失促进了转移。(A-B)MeWo-LM2转移衍生物及其亲本细胞(A)和miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列沉默的LM2细胞(B)在条件培养基中通过ELISA定量的细胞外ApoE水平。n=3。(C)加ApoE中和的抗体1D7(10~40μg/mL)或IgG(40μg/mL)到细胞培养基中,并评估亲本MeWo细胞的基质胶侵袭。n=4~6。(D)在1D7(40μg/mL)或对照IgG抗体(40μg/mL)的存在下亲本MeWo细胞的内皮募集。n=4。(E)在加到细胞培养基的牛血清白蛋白(BSA)(100μM)或重组ApoE3(100μM)的存在下评估LM2细胞中的基质胶侵袭和内皮募集表型。n=7~10。(F-G)在IgG或中和ApoE的1D7抗体(40μg/mL)的存在下检查沉默miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的表达的LM2细胞的基质胶侵袭能力(F)和内皮募集能力(G)。n=5~6。(H)在条件培养基中通过ELISA定量靶向DNAJA4或对照序列的shRNA转化的亲本MeWo细胞的ApoE水平。n=3。(I-J)在BSA(100μM)或重组ApoE3(100μM)的存在下,分析shRNA诱导的DNAJA4沉默的亲本MeWo细胞的基质胶侵袭(I)和内皮募集(J)表型。n=4。(K)在痣(n=9)、原发性黑素瘤(n=6)以及远端黑素瘤转移样本(n=19)中的基于阵列的ApoE表达水平。(L)在存在100μg/mL的重组ApoE3或BSA的条件下培养高转移性MeWo-LM2细胞。在24个小时后,静脉注射4×104个细胞到NOD-SCID小鼠,并通过生物发光成像监测肺的定植。n=6。(M)通过静脉注射5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞到ApoE遗传缺失的C57BL/6小鼠或它们的野生型对照同窝出生仔畜而发生的肺转移。肺生物发光定量以及典型的H&E染色的肺对应于注射后19天。n=8~18。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,100μm。
图6.鉴别调节ApoE对黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集的作用的不同的黑素瘤和内皮细胞受体。(A)在BSA(100μM)或重组ApoE3(100μM)的存在下,检查1×105个转化靶向LDLR、VLDLR、LRP8、LRP1或对照序列的siRNA的LM2细胞的基质胶侵袭性能。n=4~7。(B)1×105个用靶向LRP1或对照siRNA的siRNA转染转化靶向miR-1908或对照序列的短发夹的MeWo-LM2细胞,并进行基质胶侵袭实验。n=4。(C)在miR-1908抑制的条件下,用靶向LRP1或对照序列的siRNA转化的1×105个LM2细胞的肺定植的生物发光成像。n=5。(D)分析用BSA(100μm)或重组ApoE3(100μm)预孵育24个小时的1×105个内皮细胞被5×105个LM2细胞内皮募集的表型。n=3~4。(E)用靶向LDLR、VLDLR、LRP1、LRP8或对照序列的siRNA转化1×105个内皮细胞,并让其在穿孔系统中向miR-1908或对照序列抑制的LM2细胞迁移。n=4-12。(F)在加到培养基中的IgG(40μg/mL)或1D7抗体(40μg/mL)的存在下,1×105个内皮细胞的穿孔迁移。n=6~8。(G)在BSA(100μM)或重组ApoE3(100μM)的存在下用靶向LRP8的siRNA或对照序列转化的1×105个内皮细胞的穿孔迁移。n=6~7。(H)用靶向LRP8或对照序列的siRNA转化1×105个内皮细胞,并评价沿ApoE梯度的穿孔趋化性迁移。n=6-8。(I)向皮下植入到小鼠的腹侧上的包含BSA(10μg/mL)、VEGF(400ng/mL)+BSA(10μg/mL)或VEGF(400ng/mL)+重组ApoE3(10μg/mL)的基质胶栓塞中的内皮募集,n=3~6。(J)在静脉注射5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞到野生型或ApoE遗传缺失小鼠后,形成的肺转移性结节内的血管密度。免疫组织化学染色图5M的肺切片的MECA-32,并量化基于细胞染色概述的每个转移性结节内MECA-32阳性面积的百分比。n=17~20。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,100μm。
图7.miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908在黑素瘤转移中的临床和治疗协同(A-D)。MSKCC群体(n=71)的Kaplan-Meier曲线,其代表作为它们原发性黑素瘤病变的miR-199a-3p(A)、miR-199a-5p(B)、miR-1908(C)或合计的三种miRNA表达水平(D)的函数的患者的无转移的存活。分类其原发性肿瘤miRNA的表达或合计的miRNA表达水平(miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的表达值的和)大于群体的中值的患者为miRNA表达阳性(红色),而分类其以低于中值的水平表达指定的miRNA的原发性肿瘤为miRNA表达阴性(蓝色)。(E)用单个靶向每一个miR-1908、miR-199a-3p或miR-199a-5p的LNA,靶向所有三种miRNA的LNA的组合,或对照LNA转染的高转移性LM2细胞的肺转移。转染后第48小时,1×105个细胞静脉注射到免疫缺陷小鼠。n=5~6。(F)在心内注射到无胸腺的裸鼠前48小时,1×105个转染对照LNA(LNA-CTRL)或靶向miR-1908、miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p的LNA的混合物(LNA-3miRNA)的MeWo-LM2细胞的全身转移。n=5。(G)在心内注射后第28天由LNA-CTRL和LNA-3miRNA LM2细胞产生的全身性转移病灶的数目。n=5。(H-I)在心内注射LNA-CTRL和LNA-3miRNA LM2细胞后第28天,骨转移(H)和脑转移(I)的生物发光信号的定量。n=5。(J)尾静脉注射4×104个高转移性MeWo-LM2细胞到免疫妥协的小鼠,并且用12.5mg/kg总剂量的体内优化的靶向miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p的LNA的混合物或模拟的PBS对照以两周的基础静脉注射处理小鼠四周。通过生物发光成像评价肺的定植,并显示了在第56天提取的典型的H&E染色的肺。n=5-6。(K)通过靶向ApoE介导的黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮细胞LRP8受体信号,黑素瘤中转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植的依赖于miRNA调节的模型。
图8.ApoE/LRP1信号的MiRNA依赖的靶向通过CTGF的诱导促进癌细胞侵袭和内皮募集。(A)在(1)MeWo亲本和MeWo-LM2细胞、(2)过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo亲本细胞和(3)转化靶向ApoE的短发夹或对照序列的MeWo亲本细胞中,通过qRT-PCR分析确定的方差归一化的CTGF表达水平的热图。彩图表示平均值的标准差变化。(B)在条件培养基中,通过ELISA确定的ApoE敲降的MeWo亲本细胞的CTGF水平。n=6;p值基于单侧学生t检验。(C)在条件培养基中,通过ELISA定量的,在LRP1敲降或对照敲降的情况下,用重组ApoE处理的高转移性MeWo-LM2细胞的CTGF水平。n=3~4;p值基于单侧学生t检验。(D-E)(1)用靶向CTGF或对照序列的独立的siRNA转染shRNA诱导的ApoE敲降的亲本MeWo细胞,或者(2)在CTGF中和抗体(20μg/mL)或IgG对照抗体(20μg/mL)的存在下,孵育shRNA诱导的ApoE敲降的亲本MeWo细胞,并使细胞经历细胞侵袭(D)和内皮募集(E)检测。n=6~8;p值基于单侧学生t检验;比例尺表示100μM。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图9.CTGF调节依赖于miRNA的转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植。(A)如图中所示,1×105个表达对照发夹或过表达miR-199a或miR-1908的亲本MeWo细胞在靶向CTGF的封闭性抗体(20μg/mL)或对照IgG抗体(20μg/mL)的存在下,进行穿孔细胞侵袭实验。n=4~10;p值基于单侧学生t检验。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。(B)表达对照发夹或过表达miR-199a或miR-1908的亲本MeWo细胞的内皮募集。如所示,在检测开始时,加入靶向CTGF的中和抗体(20μg/mL)或对照IgG抗体(20μg/mL)到内皮细胞,并让1×105个内皮细胞在穿孔迁移检测中向5×104个癌细胞迁移。n=3~8;p值基于单侧学生t检验。(C)在miR-199a或miR-1908过表达的情况下,5×104个敲降CTGF的亲本MeWo细胞的肺转移的生物发光成像。n=5~6;使用单向Mann-Whitney t检验获得p值。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图10.用LXR激动剂GW3965处理提高了黑素瘤细胞的ApoE水平,并抑制了癌细胞的侵袭、内皮募集和转移性定植。(A-B)在指示的浓度的DMSO或GW3965的存在下,孵育亲本MeWo细胞。在48个小时后,提取总RNA,并通过qRT-PCR测定ApoE(A)和DNAJA4(B)的水平。n=3。(C)用GW3965或DMSO预处理48个小时的1×105个亲本MeWo细胞的细胞侵袭。n=6~7。p值基于单侧学生t检验。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。(D)用GW3965或DMSO预处理48个小时的5×104个亲本MeWo细胞的内皮募集。n=6~7。p值基于单侧学生t检验。(E)用包含GW3965(20mg/kg)的基于谷物的饲料或对照饲料喂养小鼠。10天后,4×104个亲本MeWo细胞尾静脉注射到小鼠中,并在整个实验期间用含GW3965的饲料或对照饲料连续地喂养小鼠。通过生物发光成像评价肺的定植。n=5-6;使用单向Mann-Whitney t检验获得p值。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图11.鉴别miR-7为黑素瘤转移的内源抑制子。(A)在静脉注射4×104个表达抑制miR-7(miR-7KD)的短的发夹(miR-Zip)的亲本MeWo细胞后,肺的转移性定植的生物发光成像图。注射后63天取出肺,并H&E染色。n=5。(B)4×104个过表达用于miR-7的前体或对照发夹的LM2细胞的肺转移。通过生物发光成像每周监测肺定植,并在注射后77天取出肺。n=5。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM;使用单向Mann-Whitney t检验确定p值。*p<0.05,**p<0.01。
图12.高转移性人黑素瘤细胞系衍生物的体内选择及鉴别miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908为促进转移miRNA(A-B)肺转移的生物发光成像,以及相应于MeWo-LM2(A)和A375-LM3转移性衍生物(B)及它们各自的亲本细胞系的H&E染色的肺的代表性图像。静脉注射4×104个MeWo-Par/MeWo-LM2细胞和1×105个A375-Par/A375-LM3细胞到NOD-SCID小鼠,并分别在第72天和第49天取出肺,并H&E染色。n=4~5。(C)通过qRT-PCR确定A375-LM3转移性衍生物及它们的亲本细胞中miR-199a-5p、miR-199a-3p、miR-1908和miR-214的表达水平。n=3。(D)用表达对照发夹或产生miR-199a(miR-199a-3p与miR-199a-5p二者)、miR-1908或miR-214的前MiRNAturalist发夹构建物的逆转录病毒转化亲本MeWo细胞。通过qRT-PCR测定靶向miRNA的表达水平。n=3。(E)分析图1C的H&E染色的肺切片的由过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞产生的转移性结节的数目。n=3。(F)分析图1D的H&E染色的肺切片的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的表达被沉默的LM2细胞形成的转移性结节的数目。n=3。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图13.MiR-199a和miR-1908抑制体外增殖,并选择地促进细胞侵袭和内皮募集(A)以一式三份接种2.5×104个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo细胞,并在5天后计数活细胞。n=3。(B)比较1×105个差转移性亲本MeWo和高转移性LM2细胞在穿孔检测中通过基质胶侵袭的性能。n=3~4。(C)在6孔板中接种1×105个内皮细胞,并让其形成单层。在内皮单层的顶部接种2×105个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞,并孵育30分钟。然后成像每个单层,量化附着内皮细胞的癌细胞的数目。n=3。(D)在包含补充0.2%的甲基纤维素的细胞培养基的低附着板中接种1×106个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞。在悬浮液中48个小时后,量化死细胞和活细胞的数目。n=3。(E)在6孔板中接种5×105个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞中,并在低血清培养基中孵育48个小时,然后量化活细胞的数目。n=4。(F)过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞的集落形成。在6cm板中接种50个细胞,并在2周后量化形成的集落的数目。n=4。(G)在孔的底部接种5×104个亲本MeWo和LM2细胞,并评价它们募集内皮细胞的能力。n=6~8。(H过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞形成的转移性结节的血管密度百分比,显示为累积分数图。用人波形蛋白和MECA-32免疫组织化学双染色来自图1C的肺切片,并使用ImageJ量化人波形蛋白染色产生的相对于总的结节面积的MECA-32阳性面积。n=43个结节(对照);n=117个结节(miR-199a OE);n=55结节(miR-1908OE)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺100μm。
图14.MiR-199a和miR-1908汇聚地且协同地靶定ApoE和DNAJA4(A)显示导致识别miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908共同的潜在靶基因的综合实验方法的维恩图。在转移性LM2细胞中,相对于它们的亲本细胞系,当每个miRNA过表达时,下调超过1.5倍的基因的转录组谱与当沉默每个miRNA时上调超过1.5倍的基因重叠,并与下调超过1.5倍的基因重叠。(B~D)在过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞(B)中、在亲本MeWo细胞和它们的高转移性LM2衍生细胞系(C)和在具有基于miR-Zip的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列沉默的MeWo-LM2细胞(D)中,通过qRT-PCR测量的ApoE和DNAJA4的表达水平。n=3。(E)在抑制miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的高转移性LM2细胞中,测量miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908靶位点突变的ApoE和DNAJA43’UTR/CDS荧光素酶融合的稳定性的异源萤光素酶报告基因检测。n=3~4。(F)用表达对照载体或产生ApoE或DNAJA4的过表达载体的逆转录酶病毒转化MeWo-LM2细胞。通过qRT-PCR确定靶基因的表达水平。(G)在转化靶向ApoE、DNAJA4或对照序列的慢病毒shRNA的亲本MeWo细胞中通过qRT-PCR确定的ApoE和DNAJA4的表达水平。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图15.miR-199a/miR-1908和ApoE/DNAJA4之间的强相互作用(A~D)。在miR-Zip诱导的miR-1908(A、B)、miR-199a-5p(C、D)或对照序列沉默的条件下,用靶向ApoE(A、C)、DNAJA4(B、D)的慢病毒shRNA或对照shRNA转化MeWo-LM2细胞。通过qRT-PCR分析靶基因的水平。(E)在抑制miR-1908的条件下,1×105个表达对照发夹或靶向ApoE、DNAJA4的shRNA(独立于图4E中使用的shRNA)或对照序列的LM2细胞的肺转移生物发光成像。典型的生物发光图像和H&E染色的肺相应于注射后42天。n=5。(F-G)在过表达miR-1908(F)或miR-199a(G)的条件下,在转化表达对照载体或ApoE或DNAJA4过表达载体的逆转录病毒的亲本MeWo细胞中,通过qRT-PCR分析ApoE和DNAJA4的表达水平。(H-I).在过表达miR-199a的条件下,检查过表达ApoE或DNAJA4或表达对照载体的亲本MeWo细胞的侵袭(H)和内皮募集(I)表型。n=7~8。(J)在过表达miR-1908的条件下,4×104个过表达ApoE或DNAJA4或表达对照载体的亲本MeWo细胞的肺转移的生物发光成像。典型的生物发光图像和H&E染色的肺相应于注射后56天。n=4~8。(K)在用表达靶向ApoE和DNAJA4或对照序列的shRNA构建物的慢病毒转化的高转移性A375-LM3衍生物中,通过qRT-PCR确定ApoE和DNAJA4的表达水平。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺100μm。
图16.细胞外ApoE抑制黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集表型,不依赖于癌细胞或内皮细胞增殖和存活的任何效果。(A)在条件培养基中,通过ELISA测量过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo细胞的细胞外ApoE水平。n=3。(B-C)在BSA(100μM)或APOE(100μM)的存在下培养3×104个MeWo-LM2细胞(B)或内皮细胞(C),并通过在每个所示时间点计数活细胞的数目而随时间监测细胞的增殖。n=3。(D-E)在BSA(100μM)或APOE(100μM)的存在下,MeWo-LM2细胞(D)或内皮细胞(E)在血清饥饿的条件下的存活。n=3。(F-G)评估转化表达对照载体或靶向DNAJA4的短发夹构造的慢病毒的亲本MeWo细胞(F)和转化表达对照载体或过表达DNAJA4的载体的慢病毒的LM2细胞(G)中的ApoE的mRNA表达水平。n=3。(H-I)在IgG(40μg/mL)或1D7(40μg/mL)ApoE中和抗体的存在下,评估转化表达对照载体或过表达DNAJA4的载体的LM2细胞通过基质胶侵袭(H;n=6~8),以及在穿孔检测中募集内皮细胞的能力(I;n=4)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图17.ApoE通过靶向黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮细胞LRP8受体而抑制细胞侵袭和内皮募集。(A)分析1×105个转化针对LRP1或对照序列的siRNA的LM2细胞通过基质胶侵袭的能力。n=9~12。(B)用靶向LRP1的siRNA或对照siRNA转染1×105个抑制miR-199a-5p或对照序列的MeWo-LM2细胞,并检查它们的基质胶侵袭能力。n=4。(C)在第56天,从注射了转化有对照siRNA或靶向LRP1的siRNA的MeWo-LM2miR-1908KD细胞的NOD-SCID小鼠取出典型的H&E染色的肺(参见图6C)。(D-E)用靶向LRP8或对照序列的siRNA转化1×105个内皮细胞,并让其穿孔迁移到5×104个表达短的对照发夹的MeWo-LM2细胞(D;n=8)或5×104个抑制miR-199a-5p或对照序列的MeWo-LM2细胞(E;n=4)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺100μm。
图18.miR-199a和miR-1908的基于LNA的抑制阻止了黑素瘤转移。(A)用对照LNA或靶向miR-199a-3p、miR199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA的混合物转化2.5×104个MeWo-LM2细胞的体外细胞增殖。在5天后量化活细胞的数目。n=3。(B)用对照LNA或靶向miR-199a-3p、miR199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA的混合物转化的高转移性A375-LM3衍生物的肺的定植。在转染后48个小时,静脉注射5×105个细胞到NOD-SCID小鼠,并在35天后通过测量生物发光而确定肺的定植。n=5~6。(C)两周一次地监测用靶向三种miRNA的LNA的混合物处理的小鼠或模拟PBS对照处理的小鼠的重量(图7J)。n=5-6。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图19.LXRβ信号的活化抑制黑素瘤细胞的侵袭和内皮募集。(A)描述NCI-60黑素瘤细胞系集合中LXR和RXR亚型基于阵列的表达水平的热图。这些基因的热图取自更大的细胞核激素受体家族的热图(图20)。热图的图解表示每个细胞系中每个受体的表达值相对于阵列描述的全部基因(>39,000个转录变体)的平均表达值的标准偏差的变化。(B)1×105个MeWo、5×104个HT-144、5×105个SK-Mel-2和5×104个SK-Mel-334.2人黑素瘤细胞的细胞侵袭。以1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁处理细胞72个小时,并用于穿孔基质胶侵袭实验。n=4-8。(C)在穿孔迁移检测中,检测5×104个MeWo、HT-144、SK-Mel-2和SK-Mel-334.2人黑素瘤细胞募集1×105个内皮细胞的能力,然后用1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁处理黑素瘤细胞72个小时。n=4~8。(D-E)在以1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理细胞72个小时后,使表达对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA的1×105个MeWo(D)和1×105个HT-144(E)黑素瘤细胞经历细胞侵袭实验。n=4~12。(F-G)用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理转化靶向LXRα或LXRβ的慢病毒shRNA或对照shRNA的5×104个MeWo(F)和5×104个HT-144(G)细胞72个小时,并在穿孔迁移检测中检测它们募集1×105个内皮细胞的能力。n=7~8。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺50μm。*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,****p<0.0001。
图20.分析黑素瘤中细胞核激素受体的表达,以及LXR和RXR激动剂对体外细胞生长的影响,涉及图19(A~G)。(A)热图显示全部细胞核激素受体家族成员在黑素瘤系的NCI-60集合中基于微阵列的表达水平。每个受体的表达水平表示为小于或大于在各个细胞系中通过阵列检测到的全部基因(>39,000个转录变体)的平均表达水平的标准偏差的数目。(B)在6孔板中接种2.5×104个MeWo、HT-144或SK-Mel-334.2人黑素瘤细胞,并在1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁的存在下培养。在接种后第5天计数活细胞。n=3~6。(C)一式三份铺板2.5×104个MeWo、HT-144或SK-Mel-334.2细胞,并在含有1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁的培养基中培养5天,然后使用台盼蓝死细胞染色量化死细胞的数目。n=3。(D-G)通过qRT-PCR确定的LXRα和LXRβ在表达对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA的MeWo(D,E)和HT-144(F,G)人黑素瘤细胞中的相对表达。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图21.治疗性LXR活化抑制黑素瘤的肿瘤生长。(A-B)通过皮下注射5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞到C57BL/6-WT小鼠的原发性肿瘤生长。在肿瘤生长至5~10mm3的体积后,连续地饲养对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg/天或100mg/kg/天)(A)或T0901317(20mg/kg/天)(B)的饲料给小鼠。显示的代表性肿瘤图像对应于在最后的一天(d12)取出的肿瘤。n=10~18(A)、8~10(B)。(C~E)皮下注射1×106MeWo(C)、7.5×105SK-Mel-334.2(D)和2×106SK-Mel-2(E)人黑素瘤细胞到免疫妥协小鼠的原发性肿瘤生长。在肿瘤生长至5~10mm3的体积后,随机分配小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg或100mg/kg,如所示)的饲料。显示的肿瘤图像对应于测量的最后一天。n=6-34(C)、8(D)、5(E)。(F)皮下注射5×104个B16F10细胞到C57BL/6-WT小鼠。当肿瘤生长至150mm3时,连续地饲养小鼠对照饲料或包含GW3965(150mg/kg)的饲料,并且每天测量肿瘤的生长。n=6~13。(G-I)皮下移植5×104个B16F10(G)、1×106个MeWo(H)和7.5×105个SK-Mel-334.2细胞(I)到给于正常饲料或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的饲料的小鼠后,通过测量5~10mm3体积的肿瘤的形成的而测得的小鼠总的存活。n=6~9(F)、4~7(H)、3~6(I)。(J-L)响应于用对照饲料或添加GW3965的饲料(20mg/kg)处理35天的小鼠,1×106个MeWo人黑素瘤细胞形成的皮下黑素瘤肿瘤中,通过针对小鼠内皮细胞抗原MECA-32的免疫组织化学染色确定的肿瘤内皮细胞的密度(J),通过对增殖标记Ki-67的染色确定的肿瘤细胞增殖(K),以及通过裂解的半胱天冬酶-3染色确定的肿瘤细胞的细胞凋亡(L)。n=5。以(小的直径)2×(大的直径)/2计算肿瘤体积。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺5mm(A-D)、50μm(J,K)、25μm(L)。
图22.LXRβ激动抑制黑素瘤肿瘤生长,涉及图21(A-E)(A)饲养对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg/天或100mg/kg/天)或T0901317(20mg/kg/天)的饲料给小鼠65天的小鼠的重量测量。n=5~6。
图23.LXR激动抑制黑素瘤转移到肺或脑。(A)用DMSO或GW3965(1μM)预处理MeWo细胞48个小时,并通过尾静脉静脉注射4×104个细胞到NOD Scid小鼠。通过每周的生物发光成像监测肺的定植。显示了相应于最后一天(d70)的典型的H&E染色的肺。n=4-5。(B-C)静脉注射4×104个MeWo细胞到在癌细胞注射前10天开始饲喂对照饲料或包含GW3965(20mg/kg)或T0901317(20mg/kg)的饲料的NOD Scid小鼠的肺转移的生物发光成像。典型的H&E染色的肺对应于最终染色的那一天。n=5~6。(B-C)静脉注射4×104个MeWo细胞到在癌细胞注射前10天开始饲喂对照饲料或包含GW3965(20mg/kg)或T0901317(20mg/kg)的饲料的NODScid小鼠的肺转移的生物发光成像。典型的H&E染色的肺对应于最终染色的那一天。n=5-6。(F)心内注射1×105个MeWo脑转移性衍生物细胞到从注射后第0天开始饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)的无胸腺的裸鼠的全身和脑的光子通量。n=7。(G)用于评价GW3965治疗抑制肿瘤切除后肺转移能力的实验性原位转移模型的示意图。(H)在切除大小相当的(~300mm3的体积)由1×106个MeWo黑素瘤细胞形成的皮下黑素瘤肿瘤后,在施予对照饲料或含GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)1个月的NOD Scid小鼠中,通过生物发光成像确定的离体肺光子通量。还显示了人波形蛋白染色的典型的肺。n=7~9。(I)静脉注射4×104个MeWo细胞到NOD Scid小鼠。在d42通过生物发光成像检测到转移的开始后,如所示给于小鼠对照饲料或GW3965饲料(100mg/kg),并每周测量肺定植的进展。n=6。(J)如(I)中所示,在最后一天(d77)从施予对照饲料或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的饲料的NOD Scid小鼠提取的H&E染色的肺中肉眼可见的转移性结节的数目。n=4~5。(K)静脉注射4×104个MeWo细胞到在注射癌细胞前10天开始连续地饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料的NOD-Scid小鼠的总的小鼠存活率。n=5~6。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
图24.LXR活化治疗对遗传驱动的黑素瘤进展的抑制。(A)在连续三天通过腹腔施予4-HT(25mg/kg)的总的黑素瘤诱导后,Tyr::CreER;BrafV600E/+;Ptenlox/+C57BL/6小鼠总的存活率。在第一次注射4-HT后,随机地指定小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)。n=10~11。(B)如(A)中所述诱导黑素瘤,在第35天测量给于对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)的Tyr::CreER;BrafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠的黑素瘤肿瘤负荷,表示为背部皮肤面积的百分比。n=4-5。(C)如(A)中所述,总地诱导黑素瘤进展后,在饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)的Tyr::CreER;BrafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠死后检测到的转移到唾液腺淋巴结结节的肉眼可见的转移性结节的数目。n=7-8。(D)在皮下注射1×105BrafV600E /+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-原发性黑素瘤细胞到同系的(syngeneic)C57BL/6-WT小鼠后的肿瘤生长。当肿瘤生长为5~10mm3的体积后,饲喂小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)。n=16-18。(E)在肿瘤生长至5~10mm3的体积后,皮下注射1×105BrafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-黑素瘤细胞并用GW3965饲料(100mg/kg)或对照饲料处理的C57BL/6-WT小鼠总的存活率。n=7~8。(F)静脉注射1×105个BrafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-原发性黑素瘤细胞到C57BL/6-WT小鼠的肺的定植。在注射癌细胞后立即随机地分配给小鼠对照饲料或添加GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg),用于余下的实验。n=14~15。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺,2mm(B)、5mm(D)。
图25.遗传驱动的黑素瘤小鼠模型中LXR介导的的黑素瘤进展的抑制,涉及图24(A-C)。(A)通过连续3天腹膜内施予4-HT(25mg/kg)诱导总的黑素瘤后,Tyr::CreER;BrafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox C57BL/6小鼠总的存活率。在第一次注射4-HT后,随机地分配小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)。n=7。(B)在通过腹膜内施予4-HT诱导黑素瘤后第43天拍摄的饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(100mg/kg)的Tyr::CreER;BrafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox C57BL/6小鼠的代表性图像。
图26.MeWo人黑素瘤细胞中响应于GW3965处理的50个最大上调的基因的列表。
图27.LXRβ活化诱导黑素瘤细胞中的ApoE表达;ApoE介导依赖于LXRβ的体外黑素瘤进展表型的抑制。(A-C)以所示浓度的GW3965或T0901317处理MeWo(A)、HT-144(B)和WM-266-4(C)人黑素瘤细胞48个小时,并通过qRT-PCR分析ApoE的表达水平。n=3。(D)在从用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理72个小时的HT-144人黑素瘤细胞收集的无血清条件培养基中通过ELISA定量的细胞外ApoE蛋白质的水平,n=3~4。(E-F)在检测开始时,在以40μg/mL加到每个穿孔的ApoE中和抗体(1D7)或IgG对照抗体存在下,检测用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理72个小时的5×104个HT-144细胞的细胞侵袭(E)和内皮募集表型(F)。n=4。(G-H)分别地,1×105个和5×104个表达对照shRNA或靶向ApoE的shRNA并在每个检测前用1μM的DMSO或GW3965处理72个小时的MeWo细胞的细胞侵袭(G)和内皮募集(F)。n=7-8。(I-J)在用对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA转化并随后用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理48个小时的MeWo(I)和HT-144(J)细胞中,通过qRT-PCR量化的ApoE的相对表达。n=3~9。(K)从用对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA转化并用1μM的DMSO或GW3965处理72个小时的MeWo细胞收获的无血清的条件培养基中通过ELISA测量的细胞外ApoE蛋白质水平,n=3。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺50μm。
图28.LXRβ活化通过转录增强黑素瘤细胞ApoE的表达而抑制黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集。(A)融合到多个增强子元件1(ME.1)或多个增强子元件2(ME.2)序列的下游的ApoE启动子击退(driven off)的并转染到用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理24个小时的MeWo细胞中的荧光素酶活性。n=4~8。(B)在从用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317处理72个小时的MeWo细胞中收获的无血清的条件培养基中通过ELISA定量细胞外ApoE蛋白的水平。n=3~4。(C)1×105个用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317预处理72个小时的MeWo细胞的细胞侵袭。如所示,在检测的开始,以40μg/mL加ApoE中和抗体(1D7)或IgG对照抗体到每个穿孔。n=7~8。(D)在40μg/mL的1D7或IgG抗体的存在下,检测用1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317预处理72个小时的5×104个MeWo细胞募集1×105个内皮细胞的能力。n=6~8。(E)在来自用1μM的DMSO或GW3965处理72个小时的SK-Mel-334.2原发性人黑素瘤细胞的无血清条件培养基中通过ELISA定量的细胞外ApoE蛋白水平。n=4。(F-G)在40μg/mL的1D7或IgG抗体的存在下,使用1μM的GW3965预处理72个小时的5×104个SK-Mel-334.2细胞经历细胞侵袭(F)和内皮募集(G)检测。n=7~8。(H)通过测量在DMSO或GW3965存在(1μM)24个小时下表达对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA的MeWo细胞的萤光素酶报告基因活性而确定融合到ME.1或ME.2增强子元件的ApoE启动子的活性。n=3~8。(I)在从响应于用GW3965或T0901317(1μM)处理72个小时的表达对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA的人MeWo黑素瘤细胞收集的无血清的条件培养基中,通过ELISA定量而评估细胞外的ApoE蛋白水平。n=3~8。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺50μm。
图29.LXR激动剂的治疗性递送上调了黑素瘤衍生的以及全身的ApoE表达。(A-B)通过qRT-PCR定量的ApoE在通过注射到C57BL/6小鼠的B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞形成的皮下肿瘤中的表达水平。在形成5mm3的肿瘤后,饲喂小鼠对照饲料或含有GW3965(20mg/kg)(A)或T0901317(20mg/kg)(B)的饲料7天,n=3~4。(C-E)通过移植到给于对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料的NOD Scid小鼠的MeWo人黑素瘤细胞形成的原发性肿瘤(C)、肺转移(D)和脑转移(E)中的ApoE的转录表达。在注射癌细胞后第35天(C)、153天(D)和34天(E)评价ApoE的水平。n=3~5。(F)在表达对照发夹或靶向小鼠LXRα(sh_mLXRα)、小鼠LXRβ(sh_mLXRβ)或小鼠ApoE(sh_mApoE)的shRNA的B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞中通过qRT-PCR确定LXRα、LXRβ和ApoE的相对表达水平。(G-H)在表达对照shRNA或靶向小鼠LXRβ或小鼠ApoE的shRNA的B16F10细胞中,通过qRT-PCR测量的ApoE(G)和ABCA1(H)的mRNA水平。用5μM的DMSO或GW3965处理细胞48个小时。n=3。(I)在从饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965的饲料(20mg/kg)10天的LXRα-/-或LXRβ-/-小鼠中提取的全身性白细胞中通过qRT-PCR测量的ABCA1mRNA水平。n=3-4。(J)使用可从NCI资助的癌症基因组剖析计划(Cancer Genome Anatomy Project,CGAP)获得的公共mSAGE表达矩阵数据库(Expression Matrix database)测定表示为SAGE标签频率的ApoE mRNA在小鼠皮肤和肺组织中的相对表达。(K)相对于对照的未选择的MeWo亲本细胞的,通过qRT-PCR确定的ApoE mRNA在从肺转移性结节(LM2)或原发性肿瘤分离的MeWo黑素瘤细胞的相对表达。n=3。
图30.LXRβ激动通过诱导黑素瘤衍生的以及全身的ApoE表达而抑制黑素瘤肿瘤生长和转移。(A)免疫印迹测量从喂养对照饲料或添加GW3965(20mg/kg)或T0901317(20mg/kg)的饲料10天的野生型小鼠获取的脂肪、肺和脑组织裂解物中的ApoE蛋白水平。(B)基于(A)中所示的免疫印迹量化ApoE蛋白的表达。总的微管蛋白用作用于标准化的内标。n=3~5。(C)在来自喂养对照饲料或添加20mg/kg的GW3965或T0901317的饲料10天的小鼠的全身白细胞中通过qRT-PCR确定的ApoE的表达水平。n=3~6。(D)皮下注射B16F10对照细胞或表达靶向小鼠LXRα(sh_mLXRα)或小鼠LXRβ(sh_mLXRβ)的shRNA的B16F10细胞到C57BL/6-WT、LXRα-/-或LXRβ-/-小鼠中。一旦肿瘤达到5~10mm3的体积,饲喂小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料7天,然后,测量最终的肿瘤体积。在右栏显示在终点提取的代表性的肿瘤图像。n=6~18。(E)通过qRT-PCR量化的在从饲喂对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料10天的LXRα-/-或LXRβ-/-小鼠提取的全身白细胞中的ApoE转录水平。n=3~5。(F)在C57BL/6-WT或ApoE-/-小鼠中5×104个B16F10对照细胞或表达靶向小鼠ApoE的shRNA(sh_mApoE)的B16F10细胞的皮下肿瘤生长。在形成测量到5~10mm3体积的肿瘤后,饲喂小鼠对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料7天,并且量化最终的肿瘤体积。在右侧显示了在测量的最后一天(d12)提取的典型的肿瘤图像。n=8~18。(G)用对照shRNA或sh_mApoE转化并静脉注射到C57BL/6-WT或ApoE-/-小鼠中的5×104个B16F10细胞的肺定植。在注射癌细胞前10天开始,分配小鼠为对照饲料或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的饲料处理。在d22通过生物发光成像量化肺的转移。在右侧的栏显示了在终点(d22)提取的典型的肺。n=5~10。(H)从MSKCC患者获得的非转移性(n=39)和转移性(n=34)原发性黑素瘤皮肤病变样本中,通过不知情的免疫组织化学分析确定的ApoE蛋白表达。ApoE阳性着色的细胞面积的比例量化为总肿瘤面积的百分比。(I)MSKCC群体(n=71)的Kaplan-Meier曲线,描述作为患者的原发性黑素瘤病变中的ApoE蛋白表达的函数的患者的无转移存活。具有大于群体的中值的ApoE水平的黑素瘤分类为ApoE阳性(pos),而具有小于中值的ApoE表达的肿瘤分类为ApoE阴性(neg)。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺5mm(D和F),100μm(H)。
图31.LXRβ活化抑制了耐达卡巴嗪和威罗菲尼的黑素瘤系的体内生长。(A)响应于加到细胞培养基中的各种剂量的达卡巴嗪(DTIC)4天的2.5×104个B16F10亲本细胞和体外衍生的B16F10耐DTIC细胞的体外细胞生长。n=3。(B-D)5×104个DTIC敏感型B16F10亲本细胞(B)或5×104个耐DTIC的B16F10细胞(C)皮下注射到C57BL/6-WT小鼠中的肿瘤生长。在肿瘤生长至5-10mm3的体积后,用达卡巴嗪(50mg/kg,每日腹腔内注射)或对照载体处理小鼠,并随机地指定常规的饲料或添加GW3965(100mg/kg)的饲料。(D)中显示了最后一天测量的肿瘤体积。n=8~16(B),7~8(C)。(E-F)响应于DTIC或GW3965处理的DTIC敏感型MeWo亲本细胞和体内衍生的DTIC敏感型MeWo人黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤生长。皮下注射5×105个细胞到NOD Scidγ小鼠。在测量体积为5~10mm3的肿瘤形成后,不知情地指定小鼠为对照处理、DTIC处理(50mg/kg,以5天的循环,2天的治疗间隔腹腔注射每日施予)或补充GW3965的饮食处理(100mg/kg)。(F)中显示了最后一天测量的肿瘤。n=6~8。(G)在肿瘤生长到5~10mm3的体积后,皮下注射2×106个SK-Mel-239耐威罗菲尼克隆细胞到指定对照饮食或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的饮食的NOD Scidγ小鼠的肿瘤生长。n=7~8。(H)在移植2×106个SK-Mel-239耐威罗菲尼的细胞后小鼠总的存活率。在肿瘤生长至5~10mm3的体积后,连续地饲喂小鼠对照饮食或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的饮食。n=7。(I)实验衍生的模型描绘了系统性和黑素瘤自主ApoE通过LXRβ活化治疗而参与介导黑素瘤进展表型的抑制。细胞外的ApoE通过分别靶向黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮细胞LRP8受体而协同抑制黑素瘤细胞侵袭和非细胞自主性内皮募集,从而抑制黑素瘤转移。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。比例尺5mm。
图32.达卡巴嗪诱导的对人黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤生长的抑制。(A)皮下注射5×105个DTIC敏感型MeWo亲代细胞到Nod SCIDγ小鼠的肿瘤生长。当肿瘤达到5~10mm3的体积时,用对照载体或DTIC(50mg/kg,以5天的循环,2天的治疗间隔腹腔注射每日施予)处理小鼠,并且每周测量两次肿瘤的体积。n=6。
图33.ApoE介导的对多种癌症类型的细胞侵袭的抑制。检测(A-B)5×104个MUM2B和OCM1人眼色素层黑素瘤细胞、(C-E)5×104个MDA-231、MDA-468和BT 549人三阴性乳腺癌细胞、(F-G)5×104个PANC1和BXPC-3人胰腺癌细胞和(H-I)5×104个786-00和RCC4人肾癌细胞在体外穿过涂布基质胶的穿孔插入物侵袭的能力。在检测的开始以100μg/mL将BSA或重组ApoE加到细胞培养基中。n=4。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM;*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001。
图34.LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563的实施例19、WO-2010-0138598的实施例9和SB742881对人黑素瘤细胞中ApoE表达的影响。(A-D)以500nM、1μM或2μM的DMSO或LXR激动剂LXR-623(A)、WO-2007-002563(B)、WO-2010-0138598(C)或SB742881(D)处理MeWo人黑素瘤细胞48个小时。然后,通过qRT-PCR定量ApoE的表达水平。n=3。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。*p<0.05,**p<0.01。
图35.用LXR激动剂GW3965进行的处理体外抑制肾癌、胰腺癌和肺癌的肿瘤细胞侵袭。(A-C)在检测前用1μM的DMSO或GW3965处理72个小时的5×104个RCC人肾癌细胞(A)、5×104个PANC1人胰腺癌细胞(B)和5×104个H460人肺癌细胞(C)的穿孔基质胶侵袭。n=4。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。*p<0.05,**p<0.01。
图36.用LXR激动剂GW3965进行的处理抑制了体内的乳腺癌肿瘤生长。注射入NODScidγ小鼠的乳腺脂肪垫的2×106个MDA-468人乳腺癌细胞的原发性肿瘤生长。在注射癌细胞两天前,指定小鼠为对照饮食处理或补充GW3965(75mg/kg)的饮食,并在整个实验期间保持相应的饮食。n=8。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。***p<0.001。
图37.LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563的实施例19、WO-2010-0138598的实施例9和SB742881对体外黑素瘤进展表型的影响。(A)用以每种均为1μM的DMSO、LXR-623、WO-2007-002563的实施例19、WO-2010-0138598的实施例9或SB742881预处理72个小时的1×105个MeWo人黑素瘤细胞的细胞侵袭。定量侵袭到涂布基质胶的穿孔插入物(trans-wellinsert)基侧的细胞的数目,n=5。(B)以每种均为1μM的DMSO、LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9或SB742881预处理72个小时的5×104个MeWo细胞的内皮募集。癌细胞接种在24孔板的底部。内皮细胞接种在置于每个孔中的穿孔插入物,并让其迁移到癌细胞。量化迁移到每个穿孔插入物基侧的内皮细胞的数目。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。*p<0.05,**p<0.01。
图38.LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563的实施例19、WO-2010-0138598的实施例9和SB742881对体内肿瘤生长的影响。(A-D)皮下注射到7周年龄的C57BL/6小鼠中的5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤生长。在肿瘤达到5~10mm3的体积后,随机地指定小鼠为对照饮食处理、以20mg/kg/天的补充LXR-623的饮食处理(A)、以100mg/kg/天的补充WO-2007-002563实施例19的饮食处理(B)、以10mg/kg/天或100mg/kg/天的补充WO-2010-0138598实施例19的饮食处理(C)或者以100mg/kg/天的补充SB742881的饮食处理(D)。n=8~10。全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。
具体实施方式
本发明的特征为防止或减缓细胞的异常增殖、分化或存活的方法。例如,本发明的化合物可用于降低肿瘤增加大小或达到转移状态的风险,或防止肿瘤增加大小或达到转移的态。可施予主题的化合物,以终止癌症的进展或推进。此外,本发明包括主题化合物降低癌症复发的风险或防止癌症复发的用途。
转移进展需要参与共同的细胞表型的多组效应蛋白的一致表达(Gupta andMassagué,2006Cell 127,679-695;Hanahan and Weinberg,2011Cell 144,646-674;Talmadge and Fidler,2010Cancer Res.70,5649-5669;Hynes,2003Cell 113,821-823)。这样的协同表达状态在转移的原发性乳腺癌的基因表达谱(Wang et al.,2005Lancet365,671-679)、以及显示增强的转移活性的人癌细胞克隆谱中是明显的(Kang et al.,2003Cancer Cell 3,537-549;Minn et al.,2005Nature 436,518-524)。近年来,转录后调控已经成为协调的表达状态和表型水平控制的普遍的和稳健的(robust)模型。具有转移调节活性的转录后调节因子的大部分的研究类别为小的非编码RNA(miRNA)(Bartel,2009Cell 136,215-233;Fabian et al.,2010Annu.Rev.Biochem,79,351-379;Filipowiczet al.,2008Nat.Rev.Genet.9,102-114)。最初在乳腺癌中发现了转移促进miRNA(Ma etal.,2007Nature 449,682-688;Huang et al.,2008Nat.Cell Biol.10,202-210)和转移抑制miRNA(Tavazoie et al.,2008Nature 451,147-152)。随后的研究揭示更多的miRNA在其它癌症类型的肿瘤发生和转移具有调节功能(Hatziapostolou et al.,2011Cell 147,1233-1247;Hurst et al.,2009Cancer Res.69,7495-7498;Olson et al.,2009GenesDev.23,2152-2165;Zhang et al.,2010Oncogene 29,937-948)。在许多情况下,这些miRNA在人癌症样本中的表达水平支持它们在转移中的实验功能。因此,解除对miRNA表达(Garzon et al.,2010Nat.Rev.Drug Discov.9,775-789;Lujambio and Lowe,2012Nature482,347-355)的调控、以及最近解除对长的非编码RNA表达的调控(Calin etal.,2007Nat.Rev.Cancer 6,857-866;Gupta et al.,2010Nature 464,1071-1076;Guttman et al.,2009Nature 458,223-227;Huarte et al.,2010.Cell142,409-419;Loewer et al.,2010Nat.Genet.42,1113-1117)以及非编码假基因竞争内源miRNA的结合(Poliseno et al.,2010Nature 465,1033-1038)看来是人癌症的普遍特征。关于特定miRNA对转移进展展现的稳健控制的线索来自早期工作,其显示了单个转移抑制miRNA对多个转移基因的协同靶向是显著的转移抑制效果的原因(Tavazoie et al.,2008Nature451,147-152)。miRNA这样的发散的基因靶(divergeng)向显示为这些调节子的典型特征。
在概念水平,易于理解对癌症中基因表达的发散调控的需要。miRNA可凭借其靶向转移需要的多个基因的能力而发挥稳健的转移性抑制。通过遗传或表观遗传机制的miRNA沉默可通过抑制多个转移的启动子而容易地促进癌症的进展(Png et al.,2011Nature481,190~194)。多个转移调控miRNA对单个基因的会聚调控功能更微妙。如果存在作用为转移进展的稳健抑制子的关键基因,那么将产生该现象。多个miRNA对该基因的会聚的及协同的靶定将获得这样的关键的转移抑制基因的最大沉默。例如,与基因缺失相反,可在其中细胞不能耐受靶基因的完全缺失的情况下看到该情节,并且例如,可能需要基因在低的水平来调节代谢活性。考虑到这个可能性,寻找新的协同的转移促进miRNA可发现对于转移抑制关键的新基因,并可提供用于预防转移的更有效治疗的治疗领悟(Insight)。
如文中所公开的,通过系统的基于体内选择的方法,鉴定了一组在多个衍生自多个黑素瘤(具有增加的发病率的高度流行的癌症)患者的独立的转移系中去调控的miRNA(Garbe and Leiter,2009Clin.Dermatol.27,3-9)。如文中公开的,miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p通过对转移基因ApoE和热激蛋白DNAJA4的会聚性靶定而作用为黑素瘤转移的稳健的(robust)内源启动子。通过功能损失、功能获得以及上位分析,描述了使ApoE信号最大沉默的协同的miRNA网络。癌细胞分泌的ApoE抑制了转化入侵和内皮募集,其通过对黑素瘤和内皮细胞的不同的受体的作用而被介导。这些miRNA显示了识别发展黑素瘤转移复发的患者的显著预后的能力,而靶定这些miRNA的LNA的治疗性输送显著地抑制黑素瘤转移。目前缺乏在手术切除后预防黑素瘤转移的有效治疗(Garbe et al.,2011Oncologist16,5-24),因此需要对黑素瘤转移进程的改善的分子和机制的理解。为此,文中公开的发现揭示了数个参与黑素瘤进展的新的关键的非编码的和编码的基因,并为识别对黑素瘤转移高风险的患者并治疗它们提供了新的途径。
下面列出了上述网络的成员和大量其它序列的核酸和氨基酸序列。
APOE–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:1)
gggatccttgagtcctactcagccccagcggaggtgaaggacgtccttccccaggagccgactggccaatcacaggcaggaagatgaaggttctgtgggctgcgttgctggtcacattcctggcaggatgccaggccaaggtggagcaagcggtggagacagagccggagcccgagctgcgccagcagaccgagtggcagagcggccagcgctgggaactggcactgggtcgcttttgggattacctgcgctgggtgcagacactgtctgagcaggtgcaggaggagctgctcagctcccaggtcacccaggaactgagggcgctgatggacgagaccatgaaggagttgaaggcctacaaatcggaactggaggaacaactgaccccggtggcggaggagacgcgggcacggctgtccaaggagctgcaggcggcgcaggcccggctgggcgcggacatggaggacgtgtgcggccgcctggtgcagtaccgcggcgaggtgcaggccatgctcggccagagcaccgaggagctgcgggtgcgcctcgcctcccacctgcgcaagctgcgtaagcggctcctccgcgatgccgatgacctgcagaagcgcctggcagtgtaccaggccggggcccgcgagggcgccgagcgcggcctcagcgccatccgcgagcgcctggggcccctggtggaacagggccgcgtgcgggccgccactgtgggctccctggccggccagccgctacaggagcgggcccaggcctggggcgagcggctgcgcgcgcggatggaggagatgggcagccggacccgcgaccgcctggacgaggtgaaggagcaggtggcggaggtgcgcgccaagctggaggagcaggcccagcagatacgcctgcaggccgaggccttccaggcccgcctcaagagctggttcgagcccctggtggaagacatgcagcgccagtgggccgggctggtggagaaggtgcaggctgccgtgggcaccagcgccgcccctgtgcccagcgacaatcactgaacgccgaagcctgcagccatgcgaccccacgccaccccgtgcctcctgcctccgcgcagcctgcagcgggagaccctgtccccgccccagccgtcctcctggggtggaccctagtttaataaagattcaccaagtttcacgcaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
APOE–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:2)
mkvlwaallv tflagcqakv eqavetepep elrqqtewqs gqrwelalgr fwdylrwvqtlseqvqeell ssqvtqelra lmdetmkelk aykseleeql tpvaeetrar lskelqaaqa rlgadmedvcgrlvqyrgev qamlgqstee lrvrlashlr klrkrllrda ddlqkrlavy qagaregaer glsairerlgplveqgrvra atvgslagqp lqeraqawge rlrarmeemg srtrdrldev keqvaevrak leeqaqqirlqaeafqarlk swfeplvedm qrqwaglvek vqaavgtsaa pvpsdnh
(下划线的残基136~150表示Apo E的LRP结合结构域)
DNAJA4同种型1–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:3)
agucccacccuucggcgcagggcuccggccaacacagcccuccaggccgccuacucuccagccagccggcuccacggacccacggaagggcaagggggcggccucggggcggcgggacaguugucggagggcgcccuccaggcccaagccgccuucuccggcccccgccauggcccggggcggcagucagagcuggagcuccggggaaucagacgggcagccaaaggagcagacgcccgagaagcccagacacaagauggugaaggagacccaguacuaugacauccugggcgugaagcccagcgcguccccggaggagaucaagaaggccuaucggaagcuggcgcucaaguaccacccggacaagaacccggaugagggcgagaaguuuaaacucauaucccaggcauaugaagugcuuucagauccaaagaaaagggauguuuaugaccaaggcggagagcaggcaauuaaagaaggaggcucaggcagccccagcuucucuucacccauggacaucuuugacauguucuuugguggugguggacggauggcuagagagagaagaggcaagaauguuguacaccaguuaucuguaacucuugaagaucuauauaauggagucacgaagaaauuggcccuccagaaaaauguaauuugugagaaaugugaagguguuggugggaagaagggaucgguggagaagugcccgcugugcaaggggcgggggaugcagauccacauccagcagaucgggccgggcaugguacagcagauccagaccgugugcaucgagugcaagggccagggugagcgcaucaaccccaaggaccgcugcgagagcugcagcggggccaaggugauccgugagaagaagauuaucgagguacauguugaaaaagguaugaaagaugggcaaaagauacuauuucauggagaaggagaucaggagccugagcuggagccuggugaugucauaauugugcuugaucagaaggaucauagugucuuucagagacgaggccaugacuugaucaugaaaaugaaaauucagcuuucugaagcucuuuguggcuucaagaagacgauaaaaacauuggacaaucgaauucuuguuauuacauccaaagcaggugaggugauaaagcacggggaccugagaugcgugcgcgaugaaggaaugcccaucuacaaagcaccccuggaaaaagggauucugaucauacaguuuuuaguaaucuuuccugaaaaacacuggcuuucucuggaaaagcuuccucagcuggaagcuuuacucccuccucgacagaaagugaggauuacagaugacauggaucagguggagcugaaggaguuuugucccaaugagcagaacuggcgucagcacagggaggccuacgaggaggacgaagacgggccccaggcuggagugcagugccagacggcaugacguggugcggggcagcguggccccaccggacuagcacaugaugaauguaaaguuggcacaaugaaaaugacaucgcuuuaauggccuuguguuugggauguccuguguauguguucagcauucuuaauugcugagugucuuuuuggcuuuucuuuugguuguaacuuaaguuauagcuuaauuuauauuuaaauguuuuaaguauaaaucaccucuagucugcauauggaaucuguucauuucuauuuucaggauauacuuuugagaugucagugauugcaccaauacuuugugcuucuaguggcuuugccauaauucagugucaccaauaaggcacagcccaguuagcagcuuagccccccuagcaaaccccaaggcacaaagugggcauccugacucaucucuaggucugugguuucuccccucuucccuuggcagaguuauugagggcaugaucucagggcugcuaagauaacauuucugaggauucuagaugauccucuuaaagaauaaaagcacauccguggaucggacauggcugcaugugccugcuuaacagggccaacuuaguuccuacuguucugugcccuucaguggauggaacgugagugucugaucaucucucuuggaaguuuucugaaccuuccaagcucuguggugaggacaaaccaguguuugaaucauaugcugauaacuguuugccugugacccucacaccuuguucuucaggguuuuaaugauuuucuguugacaacuuuugcaaugcuuucccaccaaagugcuuacuuguaaagaaaacuaaauccuucuguguccccggcagccucagugcagcaacagaagccaagggagaaugcugcugguuuggcccauggcacagccagcuucucugaccaguaauccggggugacuugagggucugcaaaggcauagaacuccccaguguuuuccaccucauucucccagauugagcucccuuccaaaggaucguuccucucauugcacagccauauuacaaaggguuuccugcucaagugauguuuugguaagaacuucgcugaguuccacuguggauuacaguuuguauggacuacuacuguaaauuauagcuuguuuggagggauauuagucauuauuuuauucaugacagguagacuacaauucgaacuuaggguuaccucagucuuuagccauuacugcuuauuucuuuuccccaagucacaaaaaacuuguaagcugcuggguuaaagcagaggccaccugucagaucuacccuacccuuauuugguuacauggcaccugagaguuucacucagaccagggaucuuccuuaggagggucaaagugcagaucagaccaugcagguaaggugaaccagcugcacggaccagguucccgcaaaacauugccagcuagugaggcauaauuugcucaaaguauagaaacagcccaccugugcccacuuugaccauuggugaggauagauauaaaaucacuucuuccaacgaagccuaggugaaaaucuauuuauaaauggaccacaacucuggggugucguuuuugugcugugacuuccuaauuauugcuaaagaacuacuguuuaguugguaaugguguaaaauuacauucagcuccuucuugucauauaaaaggaauuuggagggugucgcuuaaaauuuuauuccaccuguacauuugucacuuuaaaauuaaaauugagcugguaugagagauaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
DNAJA4同种型1–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:4)
marggsqsws sgesdgqpke qtpekprhkm vketqyydil gvkpsaspee ikkayrklalkyhpdknpde gekfklisqa yevlsdpkkr dvydqggeqa ikeggsgsps fsspmdifdm ffggggrmarerrgknvvhq lsvtledlyn gvtkklalqk nvicekcegv ggkkgsvekc plckgrgmqi hiqqigpgmvqqiqtvciec kgqgerinpk drcescsgak virekkiiev hvekgmkdgq kilfhgegdq epelepgdviivldqkdhsv fqrrghdlim kmkiqlseal cgfkktiktl dnrilvitsk agevikhgdl rcvrdegmpiykaplekgil iiqflvifpe khwlsleklp qleallpprq kvritddmdq velkefcpne qnwrqhreayeededgpqag vqcqta
DNAJA4同种型2–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:5)
gugaccgugacgcgcgagcgggcggcgggggcgcgggccaggggcgcgggccagggugccggcaggggcguccggggcgcucugaccggccucgcccgccccccccgcagacacaagauggugaaggagacccaguacuaugacauccugggcgugaagcccagcgcguccccggaggagaucaagaaggccuaucggaagcuggcgcucaaguaccacccggacaagaacccggaugagggcgagaaguuuaaacucauaucccaggcauaugaagugcuuucagauccaaagaaaagggauguuuaugaccaaggcggagagcaggcaauuaaagaaggaggcucaggcagccccagcuucucuucacccauggacaucuuugacauguucuuugguggugguggacggauggcuagagagagaagaggcaagaauguuguacaccaguuaucuguaacucuugaagaucuauauaauggagucacgaagaaauuggcccuccagaaaaauguaauuugugagaaaugugaagguguuggugggaagaagggaucgguggagaagugcccgcugugcaaggggcgggggaugcagauccacauccagcagaucgggccgggcaugguacagcagauccagaccgugugcaucgagugcaagggccagggugagcgcaucaaccccaaggaccgcugcgagagcugcagcggggccaaggugauccgugagaagaagauuaucgagguacauguugaaaaagguaugaaagaugggcaaaagauacuauuucauggagaaggagaucaggagccugagcuggagccuggugaugucauaauugugcuugaucagaaggaucauagugucuuucagagacgaggccaugacuugaucaugaaaaugaaaauucagcuuucugaagcucuuuguggcuucaagaagacgauaaaaacauuggacaaucgaauucuuguuauuacauccaaagcaggugaggugauaaagcacggggaccugagaugcgugcgcgaugaaggaaugcccaucuacaaagcaccccuggaaaaagggauucugaucauacaguuuuuaguaaucuuuccugaaaaacacuggcuuucucuggaaaagcuuccucagcuggaagcuuuacucccuccucgacagaaagugaggauuacagaugacauggaucagguggagcugaaggaguuuugucccaaugagcagaacuggcgucagcacagggaggccuacgaggaggacgaagacgggccccaggcuggagugcagugccagacggcaugacguggugcggggcagcguggccccaccggacuagcacaugaugaauguaaaguuggcacaaugaaaaugacaucgcuuuaauggccuuguguuugggauguccuguguauguguucagcauucuuaauugcugagugucuuuuuggcuuuucuuuugguuguaacuuaaguuauagcuuaauuuauauuuaaauguuuuaaguauaaaucaccucuagucugcauauggaaucuguucauuucuauuuucaggauauacuuuugagaugucagugauugcaccaauacuuugugcuucuaguggcuuugccauaauucagugucaccaauaaggcacagcccaguuagcagcuuagccccccuagcaaaccccaaggcacaaagugggcauccugacucaucucuaggucugugguuucuccccucuucccuuggcagaguuauugagggcaugaucucagggcugcuaagauaacauuucugaggauucuagaugauccucuuaaagaauaaaagcacauccguggaucggacauggcugcaugugccugcuuaacagggccaacuuaguuccuacuguucugugcccuucaguggauggaacgugagugucugaucaucucucuuggaaguuuucugaaccuuccaagcucuguggugaggacaaaccaguguuugaaucauaugcugauaacuguuugccugugacccucacaccuuguucuucaggguuuuaaugauuuucuguugacaacuuuugcaaugcuuucccaccaaagugcuuacuuguaaagaaaacuaaauccuucuguguccccggcagccucagugcagcaacagaagccaagggagaaugcugcugguuuggcccauggcacagccagcuucucugaccaguaauccggggugacuugagggucugcaaaggcauagaacuccccaguguuuuccaccucauucucccagauugagcucccuuccaaaggaucguuccucucauugcacagccauauuacaaaggguuuccugcucaagugauguuuugguaagaacuucgcugaguuccacuguggauuacaguuuguauggacuacuacuguaaauuauagcuuguuuggagggauauuagucauuauuuuauucaugacagguagacuacaauucgaacuuaggguuaccucagucuuuagccauuacugcuuauuucuuuuccccaagucacaaaaaacuuguaagcugcuggguuaaagcagaggccaccugucagaucuacccuacccuuauuugguuacauggcaccugagaguuucacucagaccagggaucuuccuuaggagggucaaagugcagaucagaccaugcagguaaggugaaccagcugcacggaccagguucccgcaaaacauugccagcuagugaggcauaauuugcucaaaguauagaaacagcccaccugugcccacuuugaccauuggugaggauagauauaaaaucacuucuuccaacgaagccuaggugaaaaucuauuuauaaauggaccacaacucuggggugucguuuuugugcugugacuuccuaauuauugcuaaagaacuacuguuuaguugguaaugguguaaaauuacauucagcuccuucuugucauauaaaaggaauuuggagggugucgcuuaaaauuuuauuccaccuguacauuugucacuuuaaaauuaaaauugagcugguaugagagauaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
DNAJA4同种型2–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:6)
mvketqyydi lgvkpsaspe eikkayrkla lkyhpdknpd egekfklisq ayevlsdpkkrdvydqggeq aikeggsgsp sfsspmdifd mffggggrma rerrgknvvh qlsvtledly ngvtkklalqknvicekceg vggkkgsvek cplckgrgmq ihiqqigpgm vqqiqtvcie ckgqgerinp kdrcescsgakvirekkiie vhvekgmkdg qkilfhgegd qepelepgdv iivldqkdhs vfqrrghdli mkmkiqlsealcgfkktikt ldnrilvits kagevikhgd lrcvrdegmp iykaplekgi liiqflvifp ekhwlsleklpqleallppr qkvritddmd qvelkefcpn eqnwrqhrea yeededgpqa gvqcqta
DNAJA4同种型3–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:7)
acauuucagcaagcuggcuaaagacaugugggaaagccugacccuggauucaggucaaaucucagcacucacaagauuuaaacucauaucccaggcauaugaagugcuuucagauccaaagaaaagggauguuuaugaccaaggcggagagcaggcaauuaaagaaggaggcucaggcagccccagcuucucuucacccauggacaucuuugacauguucuuugguggugguggacggauggcuagagagagaagaggcaagaauguuguacaccaguuaucuguaacucuugaagaucuauauaauggagucacgaagaaauuggcccuccagaaaaauguaauuugugagaaaugugaagguguuggugggaagaagggaucgguggagaagugcccgcugugcaaggggcgggggaugcagauccacauccagcagaucgggccgggcaugguacagcagauccagaccgugugcaucgagugcaagggccagggugagcgcaucaaccccaaggaccgcugcgagagcugcagcggggccaaggugauccgugagaagaagauuaucgagguacauguugaaaaagguaugaaagaugggcaaaagauacuauuucauggagaaggagaucaggagccugagcuggagccuggugaugucauaauugugcuugaucagaaggaucauagugucuuucagagacgaggccaugacuugaucaugaaaaugaaaauucagcuuucugaagcucuuuguggcuucaagaagacgauaaaaacauuggacaaucgaauucuuguuauuacauccaaagcaggugaggugauaaagcacggggaccugagaugcgugcgcgaugaaggaaugcccaucuacaaagcaccccuggaaaaagggauucugaucauacaguuuuuaguaaucuuuccugaaaaacacuggcuuucucuggaaaagcuuccucagcuggaagcuuuacucccuccucgacagaaagugaggauuacagaugacauggaucagguggagcugaaggaguuuugucccaaugagcagaacuggcgucagcacagggaggccuacgaggaggacgaagacgggccccaggcuggagugcagugccagacggcaugacguggugcggggcagcguggccccaccggacuagcacaugaugaauguaaaguuggcacaaugaaaaugacaucgcuuuaauggccuuguguuugggauguccuguguauguguucagcauucuuaauugcugagugucuuuuuggcuuuucuuuugguuguaacuuaaguuauagcuuaauuuauauuuaaauguuuuaaguauaaaucaccucuagucugcauauggaaucuguucauuucuauuuucaggauauacuuuugagaugucagugauugcaccaauacuuugugcuucuaguggcuuugccauaauucagugucaccaauaaggcacagcccaguuagcagcuuagccccccuagcaaaccccaaggcacaaagugggcauccugacucaucucuaggucugugguuucuccccucuucccuuggcagaguuauugagggcaugaucucagggcugcuaagauaacauuucugaggauucuagaugauccucuuaaagaauaaaagcacauccguggaucggacauggcugcaugugccugcuuaacagggccaacuuaguuccuacuguucugugcccuucaguggauggaacgugagugucugaucaucucucuuggaaguuuucugaaccuuccaagcucuguggugaggacaaaccaguguuugaaucauaugcugauaacuguuugccugugacccucacaccuuguucuucaggguuuuaaugauuuucuguugacaacuuuugcaaugcuuucccaccaaagugcuuacuuguaaagaaaacuaaauccuucuguguccccggcagccucagugcagcaacagaagccaagggagaaugcugcugguuuggcccauggcacagccagcuucucugaccaguaauccggggugacuugagggucugcaaaggcauagaacuccccaguguuuuccaccucauucucccagauugagcucccuuccaaaggaucguuccucucauugcacagccauauuacaaaggguuuccugcucaagugauguuuugguaagaacuucgcugaguuccacuguggauuacaguuuguauggacuacuacuguaaauuauagcuuguuuggagggauauuagucauuauuuuauucaugacagguagacuacaauucgaacuuaggguuaccucagucuuuagccauuacugcuuauuucuuuuccccaagucacaaaaaacuuguaagcugcuggguuaaagcagaggccaccugucagaucuacccuacccuuauuugguuacauggcaccugagaguuucacucagaccagggaucuuccuuaggagggucaaagugcagaucagaccaugcagguaaggugaaccagcugcacggaccagguucccgcaaaacauugccagcuagugaggcauaauuugcucaaaguauagaaacagcccaccugugcccacuuugaccauuggugaggauagauauaaaaucacuucuuccaacgaagccuaggugaaaaucuauuuauaaauggaccacaacucuggggugucguuuuugugcugugacuuccuaauuauugcuaaagaacuacuguuuaguugguaaugguguaaaauuacauucagcuccuucuugucauauaaaaggaauuuggagggugucgcuuaaaauuuuauuccaccuguacauuugucacuuuaaaauuaaaauugagcugguaugagagauaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
DNAJA4同种型3–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:8)
mwesltldsg qisaltrfkl isqayevlsd pkkrdvydqg geqaikeggs gspsfsspmdifdmffgggg rmarerrgkn vvhqlsvtle dlyngvtkkl alqknvicek cegvggkkgs vekcplckgrgmqihiqqig pgmvqqiqtv cieckgqger inpkdrcesc sgakvirekk iievhvekgm kdgqkilfhgegdqepelep gdviivldqk dhsvfqrrgh dlimkmkiql sealcgfkkt iktldnrilv itskagevikhgdlrcvrde gmpiykaple kgiliiqflv ifpekhwlsl eklpqleall pprqkvritd dmdqvelkefcpneqnwrqh reayeededg pqagvqcqta
LRP1–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:9)
cagcggugcgagcuccaggcccaugcacugaggaggcggaaacaaggggagcccccagagcuccaucaagcccccuccaaaggcuccccuacccgguccacgccccccacccccccuccccgccuccucccaauugugcauuuuugcagccggaggcggcuccgagauggggcugugagcuucgcccggggagggggaaagagcagcgaggagugaagcggggggguggggugaaggguuuggauuucggggcagggggcgcacccccgucagcaggcccuccccaaggggcucggaacucuaccucuucacccacgccccuggugcgcuuugccgaaggaaagaauaagaacagagaaggaggagggggaaaggaggaaaagggggaccccccaacuggggggggugaaggagagaaguagcaggaccagaggggaaggggcugcugcuugcaucagcccacaccaugcugaccccgccguugcuccugcugcugccccugcucucagcucuggucgcggcggcuaucgacgccccuaagacuugcagccccaagcaguuugccugcagagaucaaauaaccuguaucucaaagggcuggcggugcgacggugagagggacugcccagacggaucugacgaggccccugagauuuguccacagaguaaggcccagcgaugccagccaaacgagcauaacugccuggguacugagcuguguguucccaugucccgccucugcaaugggguccaggacugcauggacggcucagaugaggggccccacugccgagagcuccaaggcaacugcucucgccugggcugccagcaccauuguguccccacacucgaugggcccaccugcuacugcaacagcagcuuucagcuucaggcagauggcaagaccugcaaagauuuugaugagugcucaguguacggcaccugcagccagcuaugcaccaacacagacggcuccuucauauguggcuguguugaaggauaccuccugcagccggauaaccgcuccugcaaggccaagaacgagccaguagaccggcccccugugcuguugauagccaacucccagaacaucuuggccacguaccugaguggggcccaggugucuaccaucacaccuacgagcacgcggcagaccacagccauggacuucagcuaugccaacgagaccguaugcugggugcauguuggggacagugcugcucagacgcagcucaagugugcccgcaugccuggccuaaagggcuucguggaugagcacaccaucaacaucucccucagucugcaccacguggaacagauggccaucgacuggcugacaggcaacuucuacuuuguggaugacaucgaugauaggaucuuugucugcaacagaaauggggacacaugugucacauugcuagaccuggaacucuacaaccccaagggcauugcccuggacccugccauggggaagguguuuuucacugacuaugggcagaucccaaagguggaacgcugugacauggaugggcagaaccgcaccaagcucgucgacagcaagauuguguuuccucauggcaucacgcuggaccuggucagccgccuugucuacugggcagaugccuaucuggacuauauugaagugguggacuaugagggcaagggccgccagaccaucauccagggcauccugauugagcaccuguacggccugacuguguuugagaauuaucucuaugccaccaacucggacaaugccaaugcccagcagaagacgagugugauccgugugaaccgcuuuaacagcaccgaguaccagguugucacccggguggacaaggguggugcccuccacaucuaccaccagaggcgucagccccgagugaggagccaugccugugaaaacgaccaguaugggaagccggguggcugcucugacaucugccugcuggccaacagccacaaggcgcggaccugccgcugccguuccggcuucagccugggcagugacgggaagucaugcaagaagccggagcaugagcuguuccucguguauggcaagggccggccaggcaucauccggggcauggauaugggggccaaggucccggaugagcacaugauccccauugaaaaccucaugaacccccgagcccuggacuuccacgcugagaccggcuucaucuacuuugccgacaccaccagcuaccucauuggccgccagaagauugauggcacugagcgggagaccauccugaaggacggcauccacaauguggaggguguggccguggacuggaugggagacaaucuguacuggacggacgaugggcccaaaaagacaaucagcguggccaggcuggagaaagcugcucagacccgcaagacuuuaaucgagggcaaaaugacacaccccagggcuauugugguggauccacucaauggguggauguacuggacagacugggaggaggaccccaaggacagucggcgugggcggcuggagagggcguggauggauggcucacaccgagacaucuuugucaccuccaagacagugcuuuggcccaaugggcuaagccuggacaucccggcugggcgccucuacuggguggaugccuucuacgaccgcaucgagacgauacugcucaauggcacagaccggaagauuguguaugaagguccugagcugaaccacgccuuuggccugugucaccauggcaacuaccucuucuggacugaguaucggaguggcagugucuaccgcuuggaacgggguguaggaggcgcaccccccacugugacccuucugcgcagugagcggccccccaucuuugagauccgaauguaugaugcccagcagcagcaaguuggcaccaacaaaugccgggugaacaauggcggcugcagcagccugugcuuggccaccccugggagccgccagugcgccugugcugaggaccagguguuggacgcagacggcgucacuugcuuggcgaacccauccuacgugccuccaccccagugccagccaggcgaguuugccugugccaacagccgcugcauccaggagcgcuggaagugugacggagacaacgauugccuggacaacagugaugaggccccagcccucugccaucagcacaccugccccucggaccgauucaagugcgagaacaaccggugcauccccaaccgcuggcucugcgacggggacaaugacugugggaacagugaagaugaguccaaugccacuuguucagcccgcaccugcccccccaaccaguucuccugugccaguggccgcugcauccccaucuccuggacgugugaucuggaugacgacuguggggaccgcucugaugagucugcuucgugugccuaucccaccugcuucccccugacucaguuuaccugcaacaauggcagauguaucaacaucaacuggagaugcgacaaugacaaugacuguggggacaacagugacgaagccggcugcagccacuccuguucuagcacccaguucaagugcaacagcgggcguugcauccccgagcacuggaccugcgauggggacaaugacugcggagacuacagugaugagacacacgccaacugcaccaaccaggccacgaggcccccugguggcugccacacugaugaguuccagugccggcuggauggacuaugcaucccccugcgguggcgcugcgauggggacacugacugcauggacuccagcgaugagaagagcugugagggagugacccacgucugcgaucccagugucaaguuuggcugcaaggacucagcucggugcaucagcaaagcgugggugugugauggcgacaaugacugugaggauaacucggacgaggagaacugcgagucccuggccugcaggccacccucgcacccuugugccaacaacaccucagucugccugcccccugacaagcugugugauggcaacgacgacuguggcgacggcucagaugagggcgagcucugcgaccagugcucucugaauaacgguggcugcagccacaacugcucaguggcaccuggcgaaggcauuguguguuccugcccucugggcauggagcuggggcccgacaaccacaccugccagauccagagcuacugugccaagcaucucaaaugcagccaaaagugcgaccagaacaaguucagcgugaagugcuccugcuacgagggcuggguccuggaaccugacggcgagagcugccgcagccuggaccccuucaagccguucaucauuuucuccaaccgccaugaaauccggcgcaucgaucuucacaaaggagacuacagcguccuggugcccggccugcgcaacaccaucgcccuggacuuccaccucagccagagcgcccucuacuggaccgacgugguggaggacaagaucuaccgcgggaagcugcuggacaacggagcccugacuaguuucgagguggugauucaguauggccuggccacacccgagggccuggcuguagacuggauugcaggcaacaucuacuggguggagaguaaccuggaucagaucgagguggccaagcuggaugggacccuccggaccacccugcuggccggugacauugagcacccaagggcaaucgcacuggauccccgggaugggauccuguuuuggacagacugggaugccagccugccccgcauugaggcagccuccaugaguggggcugggcgccgcaccgugcaccgggagaccggcucugggggcuggcccaacgggcucaccguggacuaccuggagaagcgcauccuuuggauugacgccaggucagaugccauuuacucagcccguuacgacggcucuggccacauggaggugcuucggggacacgaguuccugucgcacccguuugcagugacgcuguacgggggggaggucuacuggacugacuggcgaacaaacacacuggcuaaggccaacaaguggaccggccacaaug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agccgcagcgucaucguggacaccaagaucacauggcccaauggccugacgcuggacuaugucacugagcgcaucuacugggccgacgcccgcgaggacuacauugaauuugccagccuggauggcuccaaucgccacguugugcugagccaggacaucccgcacaucuuugcacugacccuguuugaggacuacgucuacuggaccgacugggaaacaaaguccauuaaccgagcccacaagaccacgggcaccaacaaaacgcuccucaucagcacgcugcaccggcccauggaccugcaugucuuccaugcccugcgccagccagacgugcccaaucaccccugcaaggucaacaaugguggcugcagcaaccugugccugcugucccccgggggagggcacaaaugugccugccccaccaacuucuaccugggcagcgaugggcgcaccuguguguccaacugcacggcuagccaguuuguaugcaagaacgacaagugcauccccuucugguggaagugugacaccgaggacgacugcggggaccacucagacgagcccccggacugcccugaguucaagugccggcccggacaguuccagugcuccacagguaucugcacaaacccugccuucaucugcgauggcgacaaugacugccaggacaacagugacgaggccaacugugacauccacgucugcuugcccagucaguucaaaugcaccaacaccaaccgcuguauucccggcaucuuccgcugcaaugggcaggacaacugcggagauggggaggaugagagggacugccccgaggugaccugcgcccccaaccaguuccagugcuccauuaccaaacggugcaucccccgggucugggucugcgaccgggacaaugacuguguggauggcagugaugagcccgccaacugcacccagaugaccugugguguggacgaguuccgcugcaaggauucgggccgcugcaucccagcgcguuggaagugugacggagaggaugacuguggggauggcucggaugagcccaaggaagagugugaugaacgcaccugugagccauaccaguuccgcugcaagaacaaccgcugcgugcccggccgcuggcagugcgacuacgacaacgauugcggugacaacuccgaugaagagagcugcaccccucggcccugcuccgagagugaguucuccugugccaacggccgcugcaucgcggggcgcuggaaaugcgauggagaccacgacugcgcggacggcucggacgagaaagacugcaccccccgcugugacauggaccaguuccagugcaagagcggccacugcaucccccugcgcuggcgcugugacgcagacgccgacugcauggacggcagcgacgaggaggccugcggcacuggcgugcggaccugcccccuggacgaguuccagugcaacaacaccuugugcaagccgcuggccuggaagugcgauggcgaggaugacuguggggacaacucagaugagaaccccgaggagugugcccgguucgugugcccucccaaccggcccuuccguugcaagaaugaccgcgucugucuguggaucgggcgccaaugcgauggcacggacaacuguggggaugggacugaugaagaggacugugagccccccacagcccacaccacccacugcaaagacaagaaggaguuucugugccggaaccagcgcugccucuccuccucccugcgcugcaacauguucgaugacugcggggacggcucugacgaggaggacugcagcaucgaccccaagcugaccagcugcgccaccaaugccagcaucuguggggacgaggcacgcugcgugcgcaccgagaaagcggccuacugugccugccgcucgggcuuccacaccgugcccggccagcccggaugccaagacaucaacgagugccugcgcuucggcaccugcucccagcucugcaacaacaccaagggcggccaccucugcagcugcgcucggaacuucaugaagacgcacaacaccugcaaggccgaaggcucugaguaccagguccuguacaucgcugaugacaaugagauccgcagccuguuccccggccacccccauucggcuuacgagcaggcauuccagggugacgagaguguccgcauugaugcuauggauguccaugucaaggcuggccgugucuauuggaccaacuggcacacgggcaccaucuccuaccgcagccugccaccugcugcgccuccuaccacuuccaaccgccaccggcgacagauugaccggggugucacccaccucaacauuucagggcugaagaugcccagaggcaucgccaucgacuggguggccggaaacguguacuggaccgacucgggccgagaugugauugagguggcgcagaugaagggcgagaaccgcaagacgcucaucucgggcaugauugacgagccccacgccauugugguggacccacugagggggaccauguacuggucagacuggggcaaccaccccaagauugagacggcagcgauggaugggacgcuucgggagacacuggugcaggacaacauucaguggcccacaggccuggccguggauuaucacaaugagcggcuguacugggcagacgccaagcuuucagucaucggcagcauccggcucaauggcacggaccccauuguggcugcugacagcaaacgaggccuaagucaccccuucagcaucgacgucuuugaggauuacaucuauggugucaccuacaucaauaaucgugucuucaagauccauaaguuuggccacagccccuuggucaaccugacagggggccugagccacgccucugacgugguccuuuaccaucagcacaagcagcccgaagugaccaacccaugugaccgcaagaaaugcgaguggcucugccugcugagccccagugggccugucugcaccugucccaaugggaagcggcuggacaacggcacaugcgugccugugcccucuccaacgccccccccagaugcuccccggccuggaaccuguaaccugcagugcuucaacgguggcagcuguuuccucaaugcacggaggcagcccaagugccgcugccaaccccgcuacacgggugacaagugugaacuggaccagugcugggagcacugucgcaaugggggcaccugugcugccucccccucuggcaugcccacgugccggugccccacgggcuucacgggccccaaaugcacccagcaggugugugcgggcuacugugccaacaacagcaccugcacugucaaccagggcaaccagccccagugccgaugccuacccggcuuccugggcgaccgcugccaguaccggcagugcucuggcuacugugagaacuuuggcacaugccagauggcugcugauggcucccgacaaugccgcugcacugccuacuuugagggaucgaggugugaggugaacaagugcagccgcugucucgaaggggccuguguggucaacaagcagaguggggaugucaccugcaacugcacggauggccggguggcccccagcugucugaccugcgucggccacugcagcaauggcggcuccuguaccaugaacagcaaaaugaugccugagugccagugcccaccccacaugacagggccccggugugaggagcacgucuucagccagcagcagccaggacauauagccuccauccuaaucccucugcuguugcugcugcugcugguucugguggccggagugguauucugguauaagcggcgaguccaaggggcuaagggcuuccagcaccaacggaugaccaacggggccaugaacguggagauuggaaaccccaccuacaagauguacgaaggcggagagccugaugaugugggaggccuacuggacgcugacuuugcccuggacccugacaagcccaccaacuucaccaaccccguguaugccacacucuacauggggggccauggcagucgccacucccuggccagcacggacgagaagcgagaacuccugggccggggcccugaggacgagauaggggaccccuuggcauagggcccugccccgucggacugcccccagaaagccuccugcccccugccggugaaguccuucagugagccccuccccagccagcccuucccuggccccgccggauguauaaauguaaaaaugaaggaauuacauuuuauaugugagcgagcaagccggcaagcgagcacaguauuauuucuccauccccucccugccugcuccuuggcacccccaugcugccuucagggagacaggcagggagggcuuggggcugcaccuccuacccucccaccagaacgcaccccacugggagagcugguggugcagccuuccccucccuguauaagacacuuugccaaggcucuccccucucgccccaucccugcuugcccgcucccacagcuuccugagggcuaauucugggaagggagaguucuuugcugccccugucuggaagacguggcucugggugagguaggcgggaaaggauggaguguuuuaguucuugggggaggccaccccaaaccccagccccaacuccaggggcaccuaugagauggccaugcucaaccccccucccagacaggcccucccugucuccagggcccccaccgagguucccagggcuggagacuuccucugguaaacauuccuccagccuccccuccccuggggacgccaaggaggugggccacacccaggaagggaaagcgggcagccccguuuuggggacgugaacguuuuaauaauuuuugcugaauuccuuuacaacuaaauaacacagauauuguuauaaauaaaauuguaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
LRP1–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:10)
mltpplllll pllsalvaaa idapktcspk qfacrdqitc iskgwrcdge rdcpdgsdeapeicpqskaq rcqpnehncl gtelcvpmsr lcngvqdcmd gsdegphcre lqgncsrlgc qhhcvptldgptcycnssfq lqadgktckd fdecsvygtc sqlctntdgs ficgcvegyl lqpdnrscka knepvdrppvlliansqnil atylsgaqvs titptstrqt tamdfsyane tvcwvhvgds aaqtqlkcar mpglkgfvdehtinislslh hveqmaidwl tgnfyfvddi ddrifvcnrn gdtcvtlldl elynpkgial dpamgkvfftdygqipkver cdmdgqnrtk lvdskivfph gitldlvsrl vywadayldy ievvdyegkg rqtiiqgiliehlygltvfe nylyatnsdn anaqqktsvi rvnrfnstey qvvtrvdkgg alhiyhqrrq prvrshacendqygkpggcs dicllanshk artcrcrsgf slgsdgksck kpehelflvy gkgrpgiirg mdmgakvpdehmipienlmn praldfhaet gfiyfadtts yligrqkidg teretilkdg ihnvegvavd wmgdnlywtddgpkktisva rlekaaqtrk tliegkmthp raivvdplng wmywtdweed pkdsrrgrle rawmdgshrdifvtsktvlw pnglsldipa grlywvdafy drietillng tdrkivyegp elnhafglch hgnylfwteyrsgsvyrler gvggapptvt llrserppif eirmydaqqq qvgtnkcrvn nggcsslcla tpgsrqcacaedqvldadgv tclanpsyvp ppqcqpgefa cansrciqer wkcdgdndcl dnsdeapalc hqhtcpsdrfkcennrcipn rwlcdgdndc gnsedesnat csartcppnq fscasgrcip iswtcdlddd cgdrsdesascayptcfplt qftcnngrci ninwrcdndn dcgdnsdeag cshscsstqf kcnsgrcipe hwtcdgdndcgdysdethan ctnqatrppg gchtdefqcr ldglciplrw rcdgdtdcmd ssdekscegv thvcdpsvkfgckdsarcis kawvcdgdnd cednsdeenc eslacrppsh pcanntsvcl ppdklcdgnd dcgdgsdegelcdqcslnng gcshncsvap gegivcscpl gmelgpdnht cqiqsycakh lkcsqkcdqn kfsvkcscyegwvlepdges crsldpfkpf iifsnrheir ridlhkgdys vlvpglrnti aldfhlsqsa lywtdvvedkiyrgklldng altsfevviq yglatpegla vdwiagniyw vesnldqiev akldgtlrtt llagdiehpraialdprdgi lfwtdwdasl prieaasmsg agrrtvhret gsggwpnglt vdylekrilw idarsdaiysarydgsghme vlrgheflsh pfavtlygge vywtdwrtnt lakankwtgh nvtvvqrtnt qpfdlqvyhpsrqpmapnpc eanggqgpcs hlclinynrt vscacphlmk lhkdnttcye fkkfllyarq meirgvdldapyynyiisft vpdidnvtvl dydareqrvy wsdvrtqaik rafingtgve tvvsadlpna hglavdwvsrnlfwtsydtn kkqinvarld gsfknavvqg leqphglvvh plrgklywtd gdnismanmd gsnrtllfsgqkgpvglaid fpesklywis sgnhtinrcn ldgsglevid amrsqlgkat alaimgdklw wadqvsekmgtcskadgsgs vvlrnsttlv mhmkvydesi qldhkgtnpc svnngdcsql clptsettrs cmctagyslrsgqqacegvg sfllysvheg irgipldpnd ksdalvpvsg tslavgidfh aendtiywvd mglstisrakrdqtwredvv tngigrvegi avdwiagniy wtdqgfdvie varlngsfry vvisqgldkp raitvhpekgylfwtewgqy priersrldg tervvlvnvs iswpngisvd yqdgklywcd artdkierid letgenrevvlssnnmdmfs vsvfedfiyw sdrthangsi krgskdnatd svplrtgigv qlkdikvfnr drqkgtnvcavanggcqqlc lyrgrgqrac acahgmlaed gascreyagy llysertilk sihlsdernl napvqpfedpehmknviala fdyragtspg tpnriffsdi hfgniqqind dgsrritive nvgsveglay hrgwdtlywtsyttstitrh tvdqtrpgaf eretvitmsg ddhprafvld ecqnlmfwtn wneqhpsimr aalsganvltliekdirtpn glaidhraek lyfsdatldk ierceydgsh ryvilksepv hpfglavyge hifwtdwvrravqrankhvg snmkllrvdi pqqpmgiiav andtnscels pcrinnggcq dlcllthqgh vncscrggrilqddltcrav nsscraqdef ecangecinf sltcdgvphc kdksdekpsy cnsrrckktf rqcsngrcvsnmlwcngadd cgdgsdeipc nktacgvgef rcrdgtcign ssrcnqfvdc edasdemncs atdcssyfrlgvkgvlfqpc ertslcyaps wvcdgandcg dysderdcpg vkrprcplny facpsgrcip mswtcdkeddcehgedethc nkfcseaqfe cqnhrciskq wlcdgsddcg dgsdeaahce gktcgpssfs cpgthvcvperwlcdgdkdc adgadesiaa gclynstcdd refmcqnrqc ipkhfvcdhd rdcadgsdes peceyptcgpsefrcangrc lssrqwecdg endchdqsde apknphctsq ehkcnassqf lcssgrcvae allcngqddcgdssdergch ineclsrkls gcsqdcedlk igfkcrcrpg frlkddgrtc advdecsttf pcsqrcinthgsykclcveg yaprggdphs ckavtdeepf lifanryylr klnldgsnyt llkqglnnav aldfdyreqmiywtdvttqg smirrmhlng snvqvlhrtg lsnpdglavd wvggnlywcd kgrdtievsk lngayrtvlvssglrepral vvdvqngyly wtdwgdhsli grigmdgssr svivdtkitw pngltldyvt eriywadaredyiefasldg snrhvvlsqd iphifaltlf edyvywtdwe tksinrahkt tgtnktllis tlhrpmdlhvfhalrqpdvp nhpckvnngg csnlcllspg gghkcacptn fylgsdgrtc vsnctasqfv ckndkcipfwwkcdteddcg dhsdeppdcp efkcrpgqfq cstgictnpa ficdgdndcq dnsdeancdi hvclpsqfkctntnrcipgi frcngqdncg dgederdcpe vtcapnqfqc sitkrciprv wvcdrdndcv dgsdepanctqmtcgvdefr ckdsgrcipa rwkcdgeddc gdgsdepkee cdertcepyq frcknnrcvp grwqcdydndcgdnsdeesc tprpcsesef scangrciag rwkcdgdhdc adgsdekdct prcdmdqfqc ksghciplrwrcdadadcmd gsdeeacgtg vrtcpldefq cnntlckpla wkcdgeddcg dnsdenpeec arfvcppnrpfrckndrvcl wigrqcdgtd ncgdgtdeed cepptahtth ckdkkeflcr nqrclssslr cnmfddcgdgsdeedcsidp kltscatnas icgdearcvr tekaaycacr sgfhtvpgqp gcqdineclr fgtcsqlcnntkgghlcsca rnfmkthntc kaegseyqvl yiaddneirs lfpghphsay eqafqgdesv ridamdvhvkagrvywtnwh tgtisyrslp paappttsnr hrrqidrgvt hlnisglkmp rgiaidwvag nvywtdsgrdvievaqmkge nrktlisgmi dephaivvdp lrgtmywsdw gnhpkietaa mdgtlretlv qdniqwptglavdyhnerly wadaklsvig sirlngtdpi vaadskrgls hpfsidvfed yiygvtyinn rvfkihkfghsplvnltggl shasdvvlyh qhkqpevtnp cdrkkcewlc llspsgpvct cpngkrldng tcvpvpsptpppdaprpgtc nlqcfnggsc flnarrqpkc rcqprytgdk celdqcwehc rnggtcaasp sgmptcrcptgftgpkctqq vcagycanns tctvnqgnqp qcrclpgflg drcqyrqcsg ycenfgtcqm aadgsrqcrctayfegsrce vnkcsrcleg acvvnkqsgd vtcnctdgrv apscltcvgh csnggsctmn skmmpecqcpphmtgprcee hvfsqqqpgh iasiliplll llllvlvagv vfwykrrvqg akgfqhqrmt ngamnveignptykmyegge pddvggllda dfaldpdkpt nftnpvyatl ymgghgsrhs lastdekrel lgrgpedeigdpla
LRP8同种型1–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:11)
gcuggcggcggccgcccagggccggggccgcgcgcccagccugagcccgccccgccgccgagcgucaccgaaccugcuugaaaugcagccgaggagccggggcgggcggcagcggcggcggcggcggcggcgggggcagcggcaaccccggcgccgcggcaaggacucggagggcugagacgcggcggcggcggcgcggggagcgcggggcgcggcggccggagccccgggcccgccaugggccuccccgagccgggcccucuccggcuucuggcgcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcagcuccagcaucuugcggcggcagcggcugauccgcugcucggcggccaagggccggccaaggauugcgaaaaggaccaauuccagugccggaacgagcgcugcauccccucuguguggagaugcgacgaggacgaugacugcuuagaccacagcgacgaggacgacugccccaagaagaccugugcagacagugacuucaccugugacaacggccacugcauccacgaacgguggaagugugacggcgaggaggaguguccugauggcuccgaugaguccgaggccacuugcaccaagcagguguguccugcagagaagcugagcuguggacccaccagccacaaguguguaccugccucguggcgcugcgacggggagaaggacugcgaggguggagcggaugaggccggcugugcuaccuugugcgccccgcacgaguuccagugcggcaaccgcucgugccuggccgccguguucgugugcgacggcgacgacgacuguggugacggcagcgaugagcgcggcugugcagacccggccugcgggccccgcgaguuccgcugcggcggcgauggcggcggcgccugcaucccggagcgcugggucugcgaccgccaguuugacugcgaggaccgcucggacgaggcagccgagcucugcggccguccgggccccggggccacguccgcgcccgccgccugcgccaccgccucccaguucgccugccgcagcggcgagugcgugcaccugggcuggcgcugcgacggcgaccgcgacugcaaagacaaaucggacgaggccgacugcccacugggcaccugccguggggacgaguuccaguguggggaugggacauguguccuugcaaucaagcacugcaaccaggagcaggacuguccagaugggagugaugaagcuggcugccuacaggggcugaacgagugucugcacaacaauggcggcugcucacacaucugcacugaccucaagauuggcuuugaaugcacgugcccagcaggcuuccagcuccuggaccagaagaccuguggcgacauugaugagugcaaggacccagaugccugcagccagaucugugucaauuacaagggcuauuuuaagugugagugcuacccuggcuacgagauggaccuacugaccaagaacugcaaggcugcugcuggcaagagcccaucccuaaucuucaccaaccggcacgaggugcggaggaucgaccuggugaagcggaacuauucacgccucauccccaugcucaagaaugucguggcacuagauguggaaguugccaccaaucgcaucuacuggugugaccucuccuaccguaagaucuauagcgccuacauggacaaggccagugacccgaaagagcaggagguccucauugacgagcaguugcacucuccagagggccuggcaguggacuggguccacaagcacaucuacuggacugacucgggcaauaagaccaucucaguggccacaguugaugguggccgccgacgcacucucuucagccguaaccucagugaaccccgggccaucgcuguugacccccugcgaggguucauguauuggucugacuggggggaccaggccaagauugagaaaucugggcucaacgguguggaccggcaaacacuggugucagacaauauugaauggcccaacggaaucacccuggaucugcugagccagcgcuuguacuggguagacuccaagcuacaccaacuguccagcauugacuucaguggaggcaacagaaagacgcugaucuccuccacugacuuccugagccacccuuuugggauagcuguguuugaggacaagguguucuggacagaccuggagaacgaggccauuuucagugcaaaucggcucaauggccuggaaaucuccauccuggcugagaaccucaacaacccacaugacauugucaucuuccaugagcugaagcagccaagagcuccagaugccugugagcugaguguccagccuaauggaggcugugaauaccugugccuuccugcuccucagaucuccagccacucucccaaguacacaugugccuguccugacacaauguggcuggguccagacaugaagaggugcuaccgagcaccucaaucuaccucaacuacgacguuagcuucuaccaugacgaggacaguaccugccaccacaagagcccccgggaccaccguccacagauccaccuaccagaaccacagcacagagacaccaagccugacagcugcagucccaagcucaguuaguguccccagggcucccagcaucagcccgucuacccuaagcccugcaaccagcaaccacucccagcacuaugcaaaugaagacaguaagaugggcucaacagucacugccgcuguuaucgggaucaucgugcccauaguggugauagcccuccugugcaugaguggauaccugaucuggagaaacuggaagcggaagaacaccaaaagcaugaauuuugacaacccagucuacaggaaaacaacagaagaagaagacgaagaugagcuccauauagggagaacugcucagauuggccaugucuauccugcagcaaucagcagcuuugaucgcccacugugggcagagcccugucuuggggagaccagagaaccggaagacccagccccugcccucaaggagcuuuuugucuugccgggggaaccaaggucacagcugcaccaacucccgaagaacccucuuuccgagcugccugucgucaaauccaagcgaguggcauuaagccuugaagaugauggacuacccugaggaugggaucacccccuucgugccucauggaauucagucccaugcacuacacucuggaugguguaugacuggaugaauggguuucuauauaugggucugugugaguguaugugugugugugauuuuuuuuuuaaauuuauguugcggaaagguaaccacaaaguuaugaugaacugcaaacauccaaaggaugugagaguuuuucuauguauaauguuuuauacacuuuuuaacugguugcacuacccaugaggaauucguggaauggcuacugcugacuaacaugaugcacauaaccaaaugggggccaauggcacaguaccuuacucaucauuuaaaaacuauauuuacagaagauguuugguugcugggggggcuuuuuuagguuuuggggcauuuguuuuuuguaaauaagaugauuaugcuuuguggcuauccaucaacauaaguaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacacuucaacucccucccccauuuagauuauuuauuaacauauuuuaaaaaucagaugaguucuauaaauaauuuagagaagugagaguauuuauuuuuggcauguuuggcccaccacacagacucuguguguguauguguguguuuauauguguaugugugugacagaaaaaucuguagagaagaggcacaucuauggcuacuguucaaauacauaaagauaaauuuauuuucacacaguccacaagggguauaucuuguaguuuucagaaaagccuuuggaaaucuggaucagaaaauagauaccaugguuugugcaauuauguaguaaaaaaggcaaaucuuuucaccucuggcuauuccugagaccccaggaagucaggaaaagccuuucagcucacccauggcugcugugacuccuaccagggcuuucuuggcuuuggcgaaggucaguguacagacauuccaugguaccagagugcucagaaacucaagauaggauaugccucacccucagcuacuccuuguuuuaaaguucagcucuuugaguaacuucuucaauuucuuucaggacacuuggguugaauucaguaaguuuccucugaagcacccugaagggugccauccuuacagagcuaaguggagacguuuccagaucagcccaaguuuacuauagagacuggcccaggcacugaaugucuaggacaugcuguggaugaagauaaagaugguggaauagguuuuaucacaucucuuauuucucuuuuccccuuacucucuaccauuuccuuuauguggggaaacauuuuaagguaauaaauagguuacuuaccaucauauguucauauagaugaaacuaauuuuuggcuuaagucagaacaacuggccaaaauugaagucauauuugaggggggaaauggcauacgcaauauuauauuauauuggauauuuauguucacacaggaauuugguuuacugcuuuguaaauaaaaggaaaaacuccggguauauguauagauguucuucauuauagacaucuucuuugcuuuucuuggccuugggggaggaagggagaagugcucuuuucuacuuguggggucucccauuggaaacauaauccuauagucccagaaggauucaguccccaguggcuuucccauccaaagagaaagaguuugaguuucuuaacucugcuguucugccacuuacucccacuagacaaccagggacaaggugcaacauggaaguguuugacuuaaguaggagcagaggagcugcaucuaaucucaucauaccuggaacuugacacacuuaagcaaaugccuucccaucccuaccugccagaugcccccaacucaaugaaguuggaugucucaccagcuugauacccuuugaauuuucaguca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LRP8同种型1–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:12)
mglpepgplr llalllllll llllqlqhla aaaadpllgg qgpakdcekd qfqcrnercipsvwrcdedd dcldhsdedd cpkktcadsd ftcdnghcih erwkcdgeee cpdgsdesea tctkqvcpaeklscgptshk cvpaswrcdg ekdceggade agcatlcaph efqcgnrscl aavfvcdgdd dcgdgsdergcadpacgpre frcggdggga ciperwvcdr qfdcedrsde aaelcgrpgp gatsapaaca tasqfacrsgecvhlgwrcd gdrdckdksd eadcplgtcr gdefqcgdgt cvlaikhcnq eqdcpdgsde agclqglneclhnnggcshi ctdlkigfec tcpagfqlld qktcgdidec kdpdacsqic vnykgyfkce cypgyemdlltknckaaagk spsliftnrh evrridlvkr nysrlipmlk nvvaldveva tnriywcdls yrkiysaymdkasdpkeqev lideqlhspe glavdwvhkh iywtdsgnkt isvatvdggr rrtlfsrnls epraiavdplrgfmywsdwg dqakieksgl ngvdrqtlvs dniewpngit ldllsqrlyw vdsklhqlss idfsggnrktlisstdflsh pfgiavfedk vfwtdlenea ifsanrlngl eisilaenln nphdivifhe lkqprapdacelsvqpnggc eylclpapqi sshspkytca cpdtmwlgpd mkrcyrapqs tstttlastm trtvpattrapgttvhrsty qnhstetpsl taavpssvsv prapsispst lspatsnhsq hyanedskmg stvtaavigiivpivviall cmsgyliwrn wkrkntksmn fdnpvyrktt eeededelhi grtaqighvy paaissfdrplwaepclget repedpapal kelfvlpgep rsqlhqlpkn plselpvvks krvalsledd glp
LRP8同种型2–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:13)
gcuggcggcggccgcccagggccggggccgcgcgcccagccugagcccgccccgccgccgagcgucaccgaaccugcuugaaaugcagccgaggagccggggcgggcggcagcggcggcggcggcggcggcgggggcagcggcaaccccggcgccgcggcaaggacucggagggcugagacgcggcggcggcggcgcggggagcgcggggcgcggcggccggagccccgggcccgccaugggccuccccgagccgggcccucuccggcuucuggcgcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcagcuccagcaucuugcggcggcagcggcugauccgcugcucggcggccaagggccggccaaggauugcgaaaaggaccaauuccagugccggaacgagcgcugcauccccucuguguggagaugcgacgaggacgaugacugcuuagaccacagcgacgaggacgacugccccaagaagaccugugcagacagugacuucaccugugacaacggccacugcauccacgaacgguggaagugugacggcgaggaggaguguccugauggcuccgaugaguccgaggccacuugcaccaagcagguguguccugcagagaagcugagcuguggacccaccagccacaaguguguaccugccucguggcgcugcgacggggagaaggacugcgaggguggagcggaugaggccggcugugcuaccuggcugaacgagugucugcacaacaauggcggcugcucacacaucugcacugaccucaagauuggcuuugaaugcacgugcccagcaggcuuccagcuccuggaccagaagaccuguggcgacauugaugagugcaaggacccagaugccugcagccagaucugugucaauuacaagggcuauuuuaagugugagugcuacccuggcuacgagauggaccuacugaccaagaacugcaaggcugcugcuggcaagagcccaucccuaaucuucaccaaccggcacgaggugcggaggaucgaccuggugaagcggaacuauucacgccucauccccaugcucaagaaugucguggcacuagauguggaaguugccaccaaucgcaucuacuggugugaccucuccuaccguaagaucuauagcgccuacauggacaaggccagugacccgaaagagcaggagguccucauugacgagcaguugcacucuccagagggccuggcaguggacuggguccacaagcacaucuacuggacugacucgggcaauaagaccaucucaguggccacaguugaugguggccgccgacgcacucucuucagccguaaccucagugaaccccgggccaucgcuguugacccccugcgaggguucauguauuggucugacuggggggaccaggccaagauugagaaaucugggcucaacgguguggaccggcaaacacuggugucagacaauauugaauggcccaacggaaucacccuggaucugcugagccagcgcuuguacuggguagacuccaagcuacaccaacuguccagcauugacuucaguggaggcaacagaaagacgcugaucuccuccacugacuuccugagccacccuuuugggauagcuguguuugaggacaagguguucuggacagaccuggagaacgaggccauuuucagugcaaaucggcucaauggccuggaaaucuccauccuggcugagaaccucaacaacccacaugacauugucaucuuccaugagcugaagcagccaagagcuccagaugccugugagcugaguguccagccuaauggaggcugugaauaccugugccuuccugcuccucagaucuccagccacucucccaaguacacaugugccuguccugacacaauguggcuggguccagacaugaagaggugcuaccgagcaccucaaucuaccucaacuacgacguuagcuucuaccaugacgaggacaguaccugccaccacaagagcccccgggaccaccguccacagauccaccuaccagaaccacagcacagagacaccaagccugacagcugcagucccaagcucaguuaguguccccagggcucccagcaucagcccgucuacccuaagcccugcaaccagcaaccacucccagcacuaugcaaaugaagacaguaagaugggcucaacagucacugccgcuguuaucgggaucaucgugcccauaguggugauagcccuccugugcaugaguggauaccugaucuggagaaacuggaagcggaagaacaccaaaagcaugaauuuugacaacccagucuacaggaaaacaacagaagaagaagacgaagaugagcuccauauagggagaacugcucagauuggccaugucuauccugcagcaaucagcagcuuugaucgcccacugugggcagagcccugucuuggggagaccagagaaccggaagacccagccccugcccucaaggagcuuuuugucuugccgggggaaccaaggucacagcugcaccaacucccgaagaacccucuuuccgagcugccugucgucaaauccaagcgaguggcauuaagccuugaagaugauggacuacccugaggaugggaucacccccuucgugccucauggaauucagucccaugcacuacacucuggaugguguaugacuggaugaauggguuucuauauaugggucugugugaguguaugugugugugugauuuuuuuuuuaaauuuauguugcggaaagguaaccacaaaguuaugaugaacugcaaacauccaaaggaugugagaguuuuucuauguauaauguuuuauacacuuuuuaacugguugcacuacccaugaggaauucguggaauggcuacugcugacuaacaugaugcacauaaccaaaugggggccaauggcacaguaccuuacucaucauuuaaaaacuauauuuacagaagauguuugguugcugggggggcuuuuuuagguuuuggggcauuuguuuuuuguaaauaagaugauuaugcuuuguggcuauccaucaacauaaguaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacacuucaacucccucccccauuuagauuauuuauuaacauauuuuaaaaaucagaugaguucuauaaauaauuuagagaagugagaguauuuauuuuuggcauguuuggcccaccacacagacucuguguguguauguguguguuuauauguguaugugugugacagaaaaaucuguagagaagaggcacaucuauggcuacuguucaaauacauaaagauaaauuuauuuucacacaguccacaagggguauaucuuguaguuuucagaaaagccuuuggaaaucuggaucagaaaauagauaccaugguuugugcaauuauguaguaaaaaaggcaaaucuuuucaccucuggcuauuccugagaccccaggaagucaggaaaagccuuucagcucacccauggcugcugugacuccuaccagggcuuucuuggcuuuggcgaaggucaguguacagacauuccaugguaccagagugcucagaaacucaagauaggauaugccucacccucagcuacuccuuguuuuaaaguucagcucuuugaguaacuucuucaauuucuuucaggacacuuggguugaauucaguaaguuuccucugaagcacccugaagggugccauccuuacagagcuaaguggagacguuuccagaucagcccaaguuuacuauagagacuggcccaggcacugaaugucuaggacaugcuguggaugaagauaaagaugguggaauagguuuuaucacaucucuuauuucucuuuuccccuuacucucuaccauuuccuuuauguggggaaacauuuuaagguaauaaauagguuacuuaccaucauauguucauauagaugaaacuaauuuuuggcuuaagucagaacaacuggccaaaauugaagucauauuugaggggggaaauggcauacgcaauauuauauuauauuggauauuuauguucacacaggaauuugguuuacugcuuuguaaauaaaaggaaaaacuccggguauauguauagauguucuucauuauagacaucuucuuugcuuuucuuggccuugggggaggaagggagaagugcucuuuucuacuuguggggucucccauuggaaacauaauccuauagucccagaaggauucaguccccaguggcuuucccauccaaagagaaagaguuugaguuucuuaacucugcuguucugccacuuacucccacuagacaaccagggacaaggugcaacauggaaguguuugacuuaaguaggagcagaggagcugcaucuaaucucaucauaccuggaacuugacacacuuaagcaaaugccuucccaucccuaccugccagaugcccccaacucaaugaaguuggaugucucaccagcuugauacccuuugaauuuucagucagacauucuggaguucuagcauccuguaccuaggaccuuccucugugucacucuuggccuccuaaacucuaagaaaauaacuauauucuggagcuugggcaguguguuuugcauaauccagcaaucuccucaugacaugcauguguugauaguccugaaacauucauugagaggguaaaugcaguugaccuagaaugaccaauaccaaacagaauuuuaagaacagguggccaacuccuauggagcuuacucacauauuacuauucuuuuaagaacggaaaguaaaauuauuuuugacugaagaaaaaugaugacagugaaaaacauggaaauguacucaaaacaagugacuuuuucuguaaccuuccaaagaaacugaauuuuccaaggaauuaaaugauaacaguggcuaaggcauaguuucuaaacuuucaguaagauccuggcauucacagaaaaaaaugaugaauggggucuggacauacagccugagaucucaaaaugacaaugaaauucacaacuuuuucucagagacauucauguuuccugcauaugcuacaacugcaguuugaaagaggcagcaaugggagcaacccuuuacaagaaacaaauugugauauauucauguguuggacggcaguaaauaagaugaaaccugaggagucagauccaccuucccccauucauagaggcuuuucagccucauuuugagguacaguuacauaucuuuugccuuuugcccccgugcauagcuaucuacagccaaucacagaucacagagucacuggacuauagagcuggaaggaagcucagagacaaugccaagggggcagaaaauuuaucagaagccagucccagugcguuuccuccauuuccuucugcaggaagacuauuuugggcugccugaacauuguaucaaaccugcuaccuauacuauggucuaccuuuccuccaguggaauuacaaaggcacuaacugaaaugccuucuagaaacagagaaaacgaaacuguacuuauuuacucuugauacacagauuauuuauaaaacagauugaaguaaccuguuaacuggcaaaaagagaaugagaucggauuuaaauguauggcaguaaguccuauugaucccuccaguuaucucaguaugacugcaguauauucauucacuaaaaccacucacuagauaccaacuacacaccuggcacugcagauguaaaggucagucacacauguucugacuuuacagaguucacaguagcaguggaggaugauauauguggaaacaaaaaaggcauugauucuauucagagcacuguuagggcucaaaggagagaggggucuuuccaccuaagaaaugaggaauagggucaucauagaagugaccuuaagucuuaaaaauuaagaaggggauuccaagcugcuucagacagagacacaucgagcuaaaacacagagguaugaaagagcacagggacuuuaggaauugcacaguucauucuaacaggaacaaaaggcucaaggggggcaagaaaugaggcuguauggaaagagauucaauguaagcacuuuauaaaauagauuaauuucugauucaaugaagcauuucuugaucauuguguacaaggcacuacaugcaucauggaaaauucauuaggaugcauugccagcacuuugcagaacugauauuauucagccucaagcuuuccaguggccaaagggaaaugcugacugcuuuucauauauuugagucaaagauuuuuuauauggucaaugaagacuaauauaagggcagugggauuuucacagaugcaugccauguugucgagagccucuuagauuuucucaacugugagaaagaaaaacgaaaauguugaagacguugagucuggagaggggauacuaaucacuguccaguugggcacuggugggaauggggaaauggcacaggaaugcaagccucuccacccuaccccccgaacuccagccauacacucaucguuucacaaaauauaaaugaguuagcauuaaauguuucagaguaaauaauuccuuuucccgaaaugcaugaagauagaguaacagacuucucacacuguauuuuuaggguauggagaauuuagaagguuaaagaauuacugcuucaauuuuucaguuaaaaaaaaaucaggaagcucuguucauucaggcuaugcaccaugugcacagucaagaauuagcagaaacccucugcauuuacaaacacuuugugcuauaaaaaaguaauuuuuaaaaagccacguguguguguguguauauauauauauauauauauauuuaaagccaagguuuugauacuuuuuuacaaaaacuacaagagaaaacaaauauaccuguccaaaccauauacuuuuaaaagagcauuuuuuuuuccauacaagcuguuguuaauuuggggguaaagugcugauuugcaaacuucaucaaauuguucccaaguggauucuccuuguuugucucccccuaccaaccccaaaguuaccauauuugauguaagaaucaggcauguuagaauguugugucacacuaacugauucugcucuuuuugucuugucauucaaguuccguuagcuucuguacgcggugcccuuugcagucuggugucucuuccagaggcgagggggcugaggauggggugcugcaucucacuagcuauacuggcaucaucuugguaaacugaaaaccaaauguggacauuuguaaaaucagugcacuguuucuagagagagauuaaauucauuuaaaaaaaa
LRP8同种型2–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:14)
mglpepgplr llalllllll llllqlqhla aaaadpllgg qgpakdcekd qfqcrnercipsvwrcdedd dcldhsdedd cpkktcadsd ftcdnghcih erwkcdgeee cpdgsdesea tctkqvcpaeklscgptshk cvpaswrcdg ekdceggade agcatwlnec lhnnggcshi ctdlkigfec tcpagfqlldqktcgdidec kdpdacsqic vnykgyfkce cypgyemdll tknckaaagk spsliftnrh evrridlvkrnysrlipmlk nvvaldveva tnriywcdls yrkiysaymd kasdpkeqev lideqlhspe glavdwvhkhiywtdsgnkt isvatvdggr rrtlfsrnls epraiavdpl rgfmywsdwg dqakieksgl ngvdrqtlvsdniewpngit ldllsqrlyw vdsklhqlss idfsggnrkt lisstdflsh pfgiavfedk vfwtdleneaifsanrlngl eisilaenln nphdivifhe lkqprapdac elsvqpnggc eylclpapqi sshspkytcacpdtmwlgpd mkrcyrapqs tstttlastm trtvpattra pgttvhrsty qnhstetpsl taavpssvsvprapsispst lspatsnhsq hyanedskmg stvtaavigi ivpivviall cmsgyliwrn wkrkntksmnfdnpvyrktt eeededelhi grtaqighvy paaissfdrp lwaepclget repedpapal kelfvlpgeprsqlhqlpkn plselpvvks krvalsledd glp
LRP8同种型3–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:15)
gcuggcggcggccgcccagggccggggccgcgcgcccagccugagcccgccccgccgccgagcgucaccgaaccugcuugaaaugcagccgaggagccggggcgggcggcagcggcggcggcggcggcggcgggggcagcggcaaccccggcgccgcggcaaggacucggagggcugagacgcggcggcggcggcgcggggagcgcggggcgcggcggccggagccccgggcccgccaugggccuccccgagccgggcccucuccggcuucuggcgcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcagcuccagcaucuugcggcggcagcggcugauccgcugcucggcggccaagggccggccaaggauugcgaaaaggaccaauuccagugccggaacgagcgcugcauccccucuguguggagaugcgacgaggacgaugacugcuuagaccacagcgacgaggacgacugccccaagaagaccugugcagacagugacuucaccugugacaacggccacugcauccacgaacgguggaagugugacggcgaggaggaguguccugauggcuccgaugaguccgaggccacuugcaccaagcagguguguccugcagagaagcugagcuguggacccaccagccacaaguguguaccugccucguggcgcugcgacggggagaaggacugcgaggguggagcggaugaggccggcugugcuaccucacugggcaccugccguggggacgaguuccaguguggggaugggacauguguccuugcaaucaagcacugcaaccaggagcaggacuguccagaugggagugaugaagcuggcugccuacaggggcugaacgagugucugcacaacaauggcggcugcucacacaucugcacugaccucaagauuggcuuugaaugcacgugcccagcaggcuuccagcuccuggaccagaagaccuguggcgacauugaugagugcaaggacccagaugccugcagccagaucugugucaauuacaagggcuauuuuaagugugagugcuacccuggcuacgagauggaccuacugaccaagaacugcaaggcugcugcuggcaagagcccaucccuaaucuucaccaaccggcacgaggugcggaggaucgaccuggugaagcggaacuauucacgccucauccccaugcucaagaaugucguggcacuagauguggaaguugccaccaaucgcaucuacuggugugaccucuccuaccguaagaucuauagcgccuacauggacaaggccagugacccgaaagagcaggagguccucauugacgagcaguugcacucuccagagggccuggcaguggacuggguccacaagcacaucuacuggacugacucgggcaauaagaccaucucaguggccacaguugaugguggccgccgacgcacucucuucagccguaaccucagugaaccccgggccaucgcuguugacccccugcgaggguucauguauuggucugacuggggggaccaggccaagauugagaaaucugggcucaacgguguggaccggcaaacacuggugucagacaauauugaauggcccaacggaaucacccuggaucugcugagccagcgcuuguacuggguagacuccaagcuacaccaacuguccagcauugacuucaguggaggcaacagaaagacgcugaucuccuccacugacuuccugagccacccuuuugggauagcuguguuugaggacaagguguucuggacagaccuggagaacgaggccauuuucagugcaaaucggcucaauggccuggaaaucuccauccuggcugagaaccucaacaacccacaugacauugucaucuuccaugagcugaagcagccaagagcuccagaugccugugagcugaguguccagccuaauggaggcugugaauaccugugccuuccugcuccucagaucuccagccacucucccaaguacacaugugccuguccugacacaauguggcuggguccagacaugaagaggugcuaccgagaugcaaaugaagacaguaagaugggcucaacagucacugccgcuguuaucgggaucaucgugcccauaguggugauagcccuccugugcaugaguggauaccugaucuggagaaacuggaagcggaagaacaccaaaagcaugaauuuugacaacccagucuacaggaaaacaacagaagaagaagacgaagaugagcuccauauagggagaacugcucagauuggccaugucuauccugcacgaguggcauuaagccuugaagaugauggacuacccugaggaugggaucacccccuucgugccucauggaauucagucccaugcacuacacucuggaugguguaugacuggaugaauggguuucuauauaugggucugugugaguguaugugugugugugauuuuuuuuuuaaauuuauguugcggaaagguaaccacaaaguuaugaugaacugcaaacauccaaaggaugugagaguuuuucuauguauaauguuuuauacacuuuuuaacugguugcacuacccaugaggaauucguggaauggcuacugcugacuaacaugaugcacauaaccaaaugggggccaauggcacaguaccuuacucaucauuuaaaaacuauauuuacagaagauguuugguugcugggggggcuuuuuuagguuuuggggcauuuguuuuuuguaaauaagaugauuaugcuuuguggcuauccaucaacauaaguaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacacuucaacucccucccccauuuagauuauuuauuaacauauuuuaaaaaucagaugaguucuauaaauaauuuagagaagugagaguauuuauuuuuggcauguuuggcccaccacacagacucuguguguguauguguguguuuauauguguaugugugugacagaaaaaucuguagagaagaggcacaucuauggcuacuguucaaauacauaaagauaaauuuauuuucacacaguccacaagggguauaucuuguaguuuucagaaaagccuuuggaaaucuggaucagaaaauagauaccaugguuugugcaauuauguaguaaaaaaggcaaaucuuuucaccucuggcuauuccugagaccccaggaagucaggaaaagccuuucagcucacccauggcugcugugacuccuaccagggcuuucuuggcuuuggcgaaggucaguguacagacauuccaugguaccagagugcucagaaacucaagauaggauaugccucacccucagcuacuccuuguuuuaaaguucagcucuuugaguaacuucuucaauuucuuucaggacacuuggguugaauucaguaaguuuccucugaagcacccugaagggugccauccuuacagagcuaaguggagacguuuccagaucagcccaaguuuacuauagagacuggcccaggcacugaaugucuaggacaugcuguggaugaagauaaagaugguggaauagguuuuaucacaucucuuauuucucuuuuccccuuacucucuaccauuuccuuuauguggggaaacauuuuaagguaauaaauagguuacuuaccaucauauguucauauagaugaaacuaauuuuuggcuuaagucagaacaacuggccaaaauugaagucauauuugaggggggaaauggcauacgcaauauuauauuauauuggauauuuauguucacacaggaauuugguuuacugcuuuguaaauaaaaggaaaaacuccggguauauguauagauguucuucauuauagacaucuucuuugcuuuucuuggccuugggggaggaagggagaagugcucuuuucuacuuguggggucucccauuggaaacauaauccuauagucccagaaggauucaguccccaguggcuuucccauccaaagagaaagaguuugaguuucuuaacucugcuguucugccacuuacucccacuagacaaccagggacaaggugcaacauggaaguguuugacuuaaguaggagcagaggagcugcaucuaaucucaucauaccuggaacuugacacacuuaagcaaaugccuucccaucccuaccugccagaugcccccaacucaaugaaguuggaugucucaccagcuugauacccuuugaauuuucagucagacauucuggaguucuagcauccuguaccuaggaccuuccucugugucacucuuggccuccuaaacucuaagaaaauaacuauauucuggagcuugggcaguguguuuugcauaauccagcaaucuccucaugacaugcauguguugauaguccugaaacauucauugagaggguaaaugcaguugaccuagaaugaccaauaccaaacagaauuuuaagaacagguggccaacuccuauggagcuuacucacauauuacuauucuuuuaagaacggaaaguaaaauuauuuuugacugaagaaaaaugaugacagugaaaaacauggaaauguacucaaaacaagugacuuuuucuguaaccuuccaaagaaacugaauuuuccaaggaauuaaaugauaacaguggcuaaggcauaguuucuaaacuuucaguaagauccuggcauucacagaaaaaaaugaugaauggggucuggacauacagccugagaucucaaaaugacaaugaaauucacaacuuuuucucagagacauucauguuuccugcauaugcuacaacugcaguuugaaagaggcagcaaugggagcaacccuuuacaagaaacaaauugugauauauucauguguuggacggcaguaaauaagaugaaaccugaggagucagauccaccuucccccauucauagaggcuuuucagccucauuuugagguacaguuacauaucuuuugccuuuugcccccgugcauagcuaucuacagccaaucacagaucacagagucacuggac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LRP8同种型3–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:16)
mglpepgplr llalllllll llllqlqhla aaaadpllgg qgpakdcekd qfqcrnercipsvwrcdedd dcldhsdedd cpkktcadsd ftcdnghcih erwkcdgeee cpdgsdesea tctkqvcpaeklscgptshk cvpaswrcdg ekdceggade agcatslgtc rgdefqcgdg tcvlaikhcn qeqdcpdgsdeagclqglne clhnnggcsh ictdlkigfe ctcpagfqll dqktcgdide ckdpdacsqi cvnykgyfkcecypgyemdl ltknckaaag kspsliftnr hevrridlvk rnysrlipml knvvaldvev atnriywcdlsyrkiysaym dkasdpkeqe vlideqlhsp eglavdwvhk hiywtdsgnk tisvatvdgg rrrtlfsrnlsepraiavdp lrgfmywsdw gdqakieksg lngvdrqtlv sdniewpngi tldllsqrly wvdsklhqlssidfsggnrk tlisstdfls hpfgiavfed kvfwtdlene aifsanrlng leisilaenl nnphdivifhelkqprapda celsvqpngg ceylclpapq isshspkytc acpdtmwlgp dmkrcyrdan edskmgstvtaavigiivpi vviallcmsg yliwrnwkrk ntksmnfdnp vyrktteeed edelhigrta qighvyparvalsleddglp
LRP8同种型4–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:17)
gcuggcggcggccgcccagggccggggccgcgcgcccagccugagcccgccccgccgccgagcgucaccgaaccugcuugaaaugcagccgaggagccggggcgggcggcagcggcggcggcggcggcggcgggggcagcggcaaccccggcgccgcggcaaggacucggagggcugagacgcggcggcggcggcgcggggagcgcggggcgcggcggccggagccccgggcccgccaugggccuccccgagccgggcccucuccggcuucuggcgcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcugcagcuccagcaucuugcggcggcagcggcugauccgcugcucggcggccaagggccggccaaggauugcgaaaaggaccaauuccagugccggaacgagcgcugcauccccucuguguggagaugcgacgaggacgaugacugcuuagaccacagcgacgaggacgacugccccaagaagaccugugcagacagugacuucaccugugacaacggccacugcauccacgaacgguggaagugugacggcgaggaggaguguccugauggcuccgaugaguccgaggccacuugcaccaagcagguguguccugcagagaagcugagcuguggacccaccagccacaaguguguaccugccucguggcgcugcgacggggagaaggacugcgaggguggagcggaugaggccggcugugcuaccuugugcgccccgcacgaguuccagugcggcaaccgcucgugccuggccgccguguucgugugcgacggcgacgacgacuguggugacggcagcgaugagcgcggcugugcagacccggccugcgggccccgcgaguuccgcugcggcggcgauggcggcggcgccugcaucccggagcgcugggucugcgaccgccaguuugacugcgaggaccgcucggacgaggcagccgagcucugcggccguccgggccccggggccacguccgcgcccgccgccugcgccaccgccucccaguucgccugccgcagcggcgagugcgugcaccugggcuggcgcugcgacggcgaccgcgacugcaaagacaaaucggacgaggccgacugcccacugggcaccugccguggggacgaguuccaguguggggaugggacauguguccuugcaaucaagcacugcaaccaggagcaggacuguccagaugggagugaugaagcuggcugccuacaggggcugaacgagugucugcacaacaauggcggcugcucacacaucugcacugaccucaagauuggcuuugaaugcacgugcccagcaggcuuccagcuccuggaccagaagaccuguggcgacauugaugagugcaaggacccagaugccugcagccagaucugugucaauuacaagggcuauuuuaagugugagugcuacccuggcuacgagauggaccuacugaccaagaacugcaaggcugcugcuggcaagagcccaucccuaaucuucaccaaccggcacgaggugcggaggaucgaccuggugaagcggaacuauucacgccucauccccaugcucaagaaugucguggcacuagauguggaaguugccaccaaucgcaucuacuggugugaccucuccuaccguaagaucuauagcgccuacauggacaaggccagugacccgaaagagcaggagguccucauugacgagcaguugcacucuccagagggccuggcaguggacuggguccacaagcacaucuacuggacugacucgggcaauaagaccaucucaguggccacaguugaugguggccgccgacgcacucucuucagccguaaccucagugaaccccgggccaucgcuguugacccccugcgaggguucauguauuggucugacuggggggaccaggccaagauugagaaaucugggcucaacgguguggaccggcaaacacuggugucagacaauauugaauggcccaacggaaucacccuggaucugcugagccagcgcuuguacuggguagacuccaagcuacaccaacuguccagcauugacuucaguggaggcaacagaaagacgcugaucuccuccacugacuuccugagccacccuuuugggauagcuguguuugaggacaagguguucuggacagaccuggagaacgaggccauuuucagugcaaaucggcucaauggccuggaaaucuccauccuggcugagaaccucaacaacccacaugacauugucaucuuccaugagcugaagcagccaagagcuccagaugccugugagcugaguguccagccuaauggaggcugugaauaccugugccuuccugcuccucagaucuccagccacucucccaaguacacaugugccuguccugacacaauguggcuggguccagacaugaagaggugcuaccgagcaccucaaucuaccucaacuacgacguuagcuucuaccaugacgaggacaguaccugccaccacaagagcccccgggaccaccguccacagauccaccuaccagaaccacagcacagagacaccaagccugacagcugcagucccaagcucaguuaguguccccagggcucccagcaucagcccgucuacccuaagcccugcaaccagcaaccacucccagcacuaugcaaaugaagacaguaagaugggcucaacagucacugccgcuguuaucgggaucaucgugcccauaguggugauagcccuccugugcaugaguggauaccugaucuggagaaacuggaagcggaagaacaccaaaagcaugaauuuugacaacccagucuacaggaaaacaacagaagaagaagacgaagaugagcuccauauagggagaacugcucagauuggccaugucuauccugcacgaguggcauuaagccuugaagaugauggacuacccugaggaugggaucacccccuucgugccucauggaauucagucccaugcacuacacucuggaugguguaugacuggaugaauggguuucuauauaugggucugugugaguguaugugugugugugauuuuuuuuuuaaauuuauguugcggaaagguaaccacaaaguuaugaugaacugcaaacauccaaaggaugugagaguuuuucuauguauaauguuuuauacacuuuuuaacugguugcacuacccaugaggaauucguggaauggcuacugcugacuaacaugaugcacauaaccaaaugggggccaauggcacaguaccuuacucaucauuuaaaaacuauauuuacagaagauguuugguugcugggggggcuuuuuuagguuuuggggcauuuguuuuuuguaaauaagaugauuaugcuuuguggcuauccaucaacauaaguaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaacacuucaacucccucccccauuuagauuauuuauuaacauauuuuaaaaaucagaugaguucuauaaauaauuuagagaagugagaguauuuauuuuuggcauguuuggcccaccacacagacucuguguguguauguguguguuuauauguguaugugugugacagaaaaaucuguagagaagaggcacaucuauggcuacuguucaaauacauaaagauaaauuuauuuucacacaguccacaagggguauaucuuguaguuuucagaaaagccuuuggaaaucuggaucagaaaauagauaccaugguuugugcaauuauguaguaaaaaaggcaaaucuuuucaccucuggcuauuccugagaccccaggaagucaggaaaagccuuucagcucacccauggcugcugugacuccuaccagggcuuucuuggcuuuggcgaaggucaguguacagacauuccaugguaccagagugcucagaaacucaagauaggauaugccucacccucagcuacuccuuguuuuaaaguucagcucuuugaguaacuucuucaauuucuuucaggacacuuggguugaauucaguaaguuuccucugaagcacccugaagggugccauccuuacagagcuaaguggagacguuuccagaucagcccaaguuuacuauagagacuggcccaggcacugaaugucuaggacaugcuguggaugaagauaaagaugguggaauagguuuuaucacaucucuuauuucucuuuuccccuuacucucuaccauuuccuuuauguggggaaacauuuuaagguaauaaauagguuacuuaccaucauauguucauauagaugaaacuaauuuuuggcuuaagucagaacaacuggccaaaauugaagucauauuugaggggggaaauggcauacgcaauauuauauuauauuggauauuuauguucacacaggaauuugguuuacugcuuuguaaauaaaaggaaaaacuccggguauauguauagauguucuucauuauagacaucuucuuugcuuuucuuggccuugggggaggaagggagaagugcucuuuucuacuuguggggucucccauuggaaacauaauccuauagucccagaaggauucaguccccaguggcuuucccauccaaagagaaagaguuugaguuucuuaacucugcuguucugccacuuacucccacuagacaaccagggacaaggugcaacauggaaguguuugacuuaaguaggagcagaggagcugcaucuaaucucaucauaccuggaacuugacacacuuaagcaaaugccuucccaucccuaccugccagaugcccccaacucaaugaaguuggaugucucaccagcuugauacccuuugaauuuucagucagacauucuggaguucuagcauccuguaccuaggaccuuccucugugucacucuuggccuccuaaacucuaagaaaauaacuauauucuggagcuugggcaguguguuuugcauaauccagcaaucuccucaugacaugcauguguugauaguccugaaacauucauugagaggguaaaugcaguugaccuagaaugaccaauaccaaacagaauuuuaagaacagguggccaacuccuauggagcuuacucacauauuacuauucuuuuaagaacggaaaguaaaauuauuuuugacugaagaaaaaugaugacagugaaaaacauggaaauguacucaaaacaagugacuuuuucuguaaccuuccaaagaaacugaauuuuccaaggaauuaaaugauaacaguggcuaaggcauaguuucuaaacuuucaguaagauccuggcauucacagaaaaaaaugaugaauggggucuggacauacagccugagaucucaaaaugacaaugaaauucacaacuuuuucucagagacauucauguuuccugcauaugcuacaacugcaguuugaaagaggcagcaaugggagcaacccuuuacaagaaacaaauugugauauauucauguguuggacggcaguaaauaagaugaaaccugaggagucagauccaccuucccccauucauagaggcuuuucagccucauuuugagguacaguuacauaucuuuugccuuuugcccccgugcauagcuaucuacagccaaucacagaucacagagucacuggacuauagagcuggaaggaagcucagagacaaugccaagggggcagaaaauuuaucagaagccagucccagugcguuuccuccauuuccuucugcaggaagacuauuuugggcugccugaacauuguaucaaaccugcuaccuauacuauggucuaccuuuccuccaguggaauuacaaaggcacuaacugaaaugccuucuagaaacagagaaaacgaaacuguacuuauuuacucuugauacacagauuauuuauaaaacagauugaaguaaccuguuaacuggcaaaaagagaaugagaucggauuuaaauguauggcaguaaguccuauugaucccuccaguuaucucaguaugacugcaguauauucauucacuaaaaccacucacuagauaccaacuacacaccuggcacugcagauguaaaggucagucacacauguucugacuuuacagaguucacaguagcaguggaggaugauauauguggaaacaaaaaaggcauugauucuauucagagcacuguuagggcucaaaggagagaggggucuuuccaccuaagaaaugaggaauagggucaucauagaagugaccuuaagucuuaaaaauuaagaaggggauuccaagcugcuucagacagagacacaucgagcuaaaacacagagguaugaaagagcacagggacuuuaggaauugcacaguucauucuaacaggaacaaaaggcucaaggggggcaagaaaugaggcuguauggaaagagauucaauguaagcacuuuauaaaauagauuaauuucugauucaaugaagcauuucuugaucauuguguacaaggcacuacaugcaucauggaaaauucauuaggaugcauugccagcacuuugcagaacugauauuauucagccucaagcuuuccaguggccaaagggaaaugcugacugcuuuucauauauuugagucaaagauuuuuuauauggucaaugaagacuaauauaagggcagugggauuuucacagaugcaugccauguugucgagagccucuuagauuuucucaacugugagaaagaaaaacgaaaauguugaagacguugagucuggagaggggauacuaaucacuguccaguugggcacuggugggaauggggaaauggcacaggaaugcaagccucuccacccuaccccccgaacuccagccauacacucaucguuucacaaaauauaaaugaguuagcauuaaauguuucagaguaaauaauuccuuuucccgaaaugcaugaagauagaguaacagacuucucacacuguauuuuuaggguauggagaauuuagaagguuaaagaauuacugcuucaauuuuucaguuaaaaaaaaaucaggaagcucuguucauucaggcuaugcaccaugugcacagucaagaauuagcagaaacccucugcauuuacaaacacuuugugcuauaaaaaaguaauuuuuaaaaagccacguguguguguguguauauauauauauauauauauauuuaaagccaagguuuugauacuuuuuuacaaaaacuacaagagaaaacaaauauaccuguccaaaccauauacuuuuaaaagagcauuuuuuuuuccauacaagcuguuguuaauuuggggguaaagugcugauuugcaaacuucaucaaauuguucccaaguggauucuccuuguuugucucccccuaccaaccccaaaguuaccauauuugauguaagaaucaggcauguuagaauguugugucacacuaacugauucugcucuuuuugucuugucauucaaguuccguuagcuucuguacgcggugcccuuugcagucuggugucucuuccagaggcgagggggcugaggauggggugcugcaucucacuagcuauacuggcaucaucuugguaaacugaaaaccaaauguggacauuuguaaaaucagugcacuguuucuagagagagauuaaauucauuuaaaaaaaa
LRP8同种型4–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:18)
mglpepgplr llalllllll llllqlqhla aaaadpllgg qgpakdcekd qfqcrnercipsvwrcdedd dcldhsdedd cpkktcadsd ftcdnghcih erwkcdgeee cpdgsdesea tctkqvcpaeklscgptshk cvpaswrcdg ekdceggade agcatlcaph efqcgnrscl aavfvcdgdd dcgdgsdergcadpacgpre frcggdggga ciperwvcdr qfdcedrsde aaelcgrpgp gatsapaaca tasqfacrsgecvhlgwrcd gdrdckdksd eadcplgtcr gdefqcgdgt cvlaikhcnq eqdcpdgsde agclqglneclhnnggcshi ctdlkigfec tcpagfqlld qktcgdidec kdpdacsqic vnykgyfkce cypgyemdlltknckaaagk spsliftnrh evrridlvkr nysrlipmlk nvvaldveva tnriywcdls yrkiysaymdkasdpkeqev lideqlhspe glavdwvhkh iywtdsgnkt isvatvdggr rrtlfsrnls epraiavdplrgfmywsdwg dqakieksgl ngvdrqtlvs dniewpngit ldllsqrlyw vdsklhqlss idfsggnrktlisstdflsh pfgiavfedk vfwtdlenea ifsanrlngl eisilaenln nphdivifhe lkqprapdacelsvqpnggc eylclpapqi sshspkytca cpdtmwlgpd mkrcyrapqs tstttlastm trtvpattrapgttvhrsty qnhstetpsl taavpssvsv prapsispst lspatsnhsq hyanedskmg stvtaavigiivpivviall cmsgyliwrn wkrkntksmn fdnpvyrktt eeededelhi grtaqighvy parvalsleddglp
CTGF–RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:19)
aaacucacacaacaacucuuccccgcugagaggagacagccagugcgacuccacccuccagcucgacggcagccgccccggccgacagccccgagacgacagcccggcgcgucccgguccccaccuccgaccaccgccagcgcuccaggccccgccgcuccccgcucgccgccaccgcgcccuccgcuccgcccgcagugccaaccaugaccgccgccaguaugggccccguccgcgucgccuucgugguccuccucgcccucugcagccggccggccgucggccagaacugcagcgggccgugccggugcccggacgagccggcgccgcgcugcccggcgggcgugagccucgugcuggacggcugcggcugcugccgcgucugcgccaagcagcugggcgagcugugcaccgagcgcgaccccugcgacccgcacaagggccucuucugugacuucggcuccccggccaaccgcaagaucggcgugugcaccgccaaagauggugcucccugcaucuucggugguacgguguaccgcagcggagaguccuuccagagcagcugcaaguaccagugcacgugccuggacggggcggugggcugcaugccccugugcagcauggacguucgucugcccagcccugacugccccuucccgaggagggucaagcugcccgggaaaugcugcgaggagugggugugugacgagcccaaggaccaaaccgugguugggccugcccucgcggcuuaccgacuggaagacacguuuggcccagacccaacuaugauuagagccaacugccugguccagaccacagaguggagcgccuguuccaagaccugugggaugggcaucuccacccggguuaccaaugacaacgccuccugcaggcuagagaagcagagccgccugugcauggucaggccuugcgaagcugaccuggaagagaacauuaagaagggcaaaaagugcauccguacucccaaaaucuccaagccuaucaaguuugagcuuucuggcugcaccagcaugaagacauaccgagcuaaauucuguggaguauguaccgacggccgaugcugcaccccccacagaaccaccacccugccgguggaguucaagugcccugacggcgaggucaugaagaagaacaugauguucaucaagaccugugccugccauuacaacugucccggagacaaugacaucuuugaaucgcuguacuacaggaagauguacggagacauggcaugaagccagagagugagagacauuaacucauuagacuggaacuugaacugauucacaucucauuuuuccguaaaaaugauuucaguagcacaaguuauuuaaaucuguuuuucuaacugggggaaaagauucccacccaauucaaaacauugugccaugucaaacaaauagucuaucaaccccagacacugguuugaagaauguuaagacuugacaguggaacuacauuaguacacagcaccagaauguauauuaagguguggcuuuaggagcagugggaggguaccagcagaaagguuaguaucaucagauagcaucuuauacgaguaauaugccugcuauuugaaguguaauugagaaggaaaauuuuagcgugcucacugaccugccuguagccccagugacagcuaggaugugcauucuccagccaucaagagacugagucaaguuguuccuuaagucagaacagcagacucagcucugacauucugauucgaaugacacuguucaggaaucggaauccugucgauuagacuggacagcuuguggcaagugaauuugccuguaacaagccagauuuuuuaaaauuuauauuguaaauauuguguguguguguguguguguauauauauauauauguacaguuaucuaaguuaauuuaaaguuguuugugccuuuuuauuuuuguuuuuaaugcuuugauauuucaauguuagccucaauuucugaacaccauagguagaauguaaagcuugucugaucguucaaagcaugaaauggauacuuauauggaaauucugcucagauagaaugacaguccgucaaaacagauuguuugcaaaggggaggcaucaguguccuuggcaggcugauuucuagguaggaaaugugguagccucacuuuuaaugaacaaauggccuuuauuaaaaacugagugacucuauauagcugaucaguuuuuucaccuggaagcauuuguuucuacuuugauaugacuguuuuucggacaguuuauuuguugagagugugaccaaaaguuacauguuugcaccuuucuaguugaaaauaaaguguauauuuuuucuauaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
CTGF–氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:20)
mtaasmgpvr vafvvllalc srpavgqncs gpcrcpdepa prcpagvslv ldgcgccrvcakqlgelcte rdpcdphkgl fcdfgspanr kigvctakdg apcifggtvy rsgesfqssc kyqctcldgavgcmplcsmd vrlpspdcpf prrvklpgkc ceewvcdepk dqtvvgpala ayrledtfgp dptmiranclvqttewsacs ktcgmgistr vtndnascrl ekqsrlcmvr pceadleeni kkgkkcirtp kiskpikfelsgctsmktyr akfcgvctdg rcctphrttt lpvefkcpdg evmkknmmfi ktcachyncp gdndifeslyyrkmygdma
LXR-a同种型1:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:21)
aggaaggagggguggccugaccccucggcagucccuccccucagccuuuccccaaauugcuacuucucuggggcuccagguccugcuugugcucagcuccagcucacuggcuggccaccgagacuucuggacaggaaacugcaccauccucuucucccagcaagggggcuccagagacugcccacccaggaagucugguggccuggggauuuggacagugccuugguaaugaccagggcuccaggaagagauguccuuguggcugggggccccugugccugacauuccuccugacucugcgguggagcuguggaagccaggcgcacaggaugcaagcagccaggcccagggaggcagcagcugcauccucagagaggaagccaggaugccccacucugcuggggguacugcagggguggggcuggaggcugcagagcccacagcccugcucaccagggcagagcccccuucagaacccacagagauccguccacaaaagcggaaaaaggggccagcccccaaaaugcuggggaacgagcuaugcagcguguguggggacaaggccucgggcuuccacuacaauguucugagcugcgagggcugcaagggauucuuccgccgcagcgucaucaagggagcgcacuacaucugccacaguggcggccacugccccauggacaccuacaugcgucgcaagugccaggagugucggcuucgcaaaugccgucaggcuggcaugcgggaggaguguguccugucagaagaacagauccgccugaagaaacugaagcggcaagaggaggaacaggcucaugccacauccuugccccccagggcuuccucacccccccaaauccugccccagcucagcccggaacaacugggcaugaucgagaagcucgucgcugcccagcaacaguguaaccggcgcuccuuuucugaccggcuucgagucacgccuuggcccauggcaccagauccccauagccgggaggcccgucagcagcgcuuugcccacuucacugagcuggccaucgucucugugcaggagauaguugacuuugcuaaacagcuacccggcuuccugcagcucagccgggaggaccagauugcccugcugaagaccucugcgaucgaggugaugcuucuggagacaucucggagguacaacccugggagugagaguaucaccuuccucaaggauuucaguuauaaccgggaagacuuugccaaagcagggcugcaaguggaauucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucuccagggccaugaaugagcugcaacucaaugaugccgaguuugccuugcucauugcuaucagcaucuucucugcagaccggcccaacgugcaggaccagcuccagguagagaggcugcagcacacauauguggaagcccugcaugccuacgucuccauccaccauccccaugaccgacugauguucccacggaugcuaaugaaacuggugagccuccggacccugagcagcguccacucagagcaaguguuugcacugcgucugcaggacaaaaagcucccaccgcugcucucugagaucugggaugugcacgaaugacuguucuguccccauauuuucuguuuucuuggccggauggcugaggccugguggcugccuccuagaaguggaacagacugagaagggcaaacauuccugggagcugggcaaggagauccucccguggcauuaaaagagagucaaaggguugcgaguuuuguggcuacugagcaguggagcccucgcuaacacugugcugugucugaagaucaugcugaccccacaaacggaugggccugggggccacuuugcacaggguucuccagagcccugcccauccugccuccaccacuuccuguuuuucccacagggccccaagaaaaauucuccacugucaaaaaaaaa
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型1:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:22)
mslwlgapvp dippdsavel wkpgaqdass qaqggsscil reearmphsa ggtagvgleaaeptalltra eppsepteir pqkrkkgpap kmlgnelcsv cgdkasgfhy nvlscegckg ffrrsvikgahyichsgghc pmdtymrrkc qecrlrkcrq agmreecvls eeqirlkklk rqeeeqahat slpprassppqilpqlspeq lgmieklvaa qqqcnrrsfs drlrvtpwpm apdphsrear qqrfahftel aivsvqeivdfakqlpgflq lsredqiall ktsaievmll etsrrynpgs esitflkdfs ynredfakag lqvefinpifefsramnelq lndaefalli aisifsadrp nvqdqlqver lqhtyvealh ayvsihhphd rlmfprmlmklvslrtlssv hseqvfalrl qdkklpplls eiwdvhe
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型2:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:23)
aggaaggagggguggccugaccccucggcagucccuccccucagccuuuccccaaauugcuacuucucuggggcuccagguccugcuugugcucagcuccagcucacuggcuggccaccgagacuucuggacaggaaacugcaccauccucuucucccagcaagggggcuccagagacugcccacccaggaagucugguggccuggggauuuggacagugccuugguaaugaccagggcuccaggaagagauguccuuguggcugggggccccugugccugacauuccuccugacucugcgguggagcuguggaagccaggcgcacaggaugcaagcagccaggcccagggaggcagcagcugcauccucagagaggaagccaggaugccccacucugcuggggguacugcagggguggggcuggaggcugcagagcccacagcccugcucaccagggcagagcccccuucagaacccacagagauccguccacaaaagcggaaaaaggggccagcccccaaaaugcuggggaacgagcuaugcagcguguguggggacaaggccucgggcuuccacuacaauguucugagcugcgagggcugcaagggauucuuccgccgcagcgucaucaagggagcgcacuacaucugccacaguggcggccacugccccauggacaccuacaugcgucgcaagugccaggagugucggcuucgcaaaugccgucaggcuggcaugcgggaggaguguguccugucagaagaacagauccgccugaagaaacugaagcggcaagaggaggaacaggcucaugccacauccuugccccccagggcuuccucacccccccaaauccugccccagcucagcccggaacaacugggcaugaucgagaagcucgucgcugcccagcaacaguguaaccggcgcuccuuuucugaccggcuucgagucacggugaugcuucuggagacaucucggagguacaacccugggagugagaguaucaccuuccucaaggauuucaguuauaaccgggaagacuuugccaaagcagggcugcaaguggaauucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucuccagggccaugaaugagcugcaacucaaugaugccgaguuugccuugcucauugcuaucagcaucuucucugcagaccggcccaacgugcaggaccagcuccagguagagaggcugcagcacacauauguggaagcccugcaugccuacgucuccauccaccauccccaugaccgacugauguucccacggaugcuaaugaaacuggugagccuccggacccugagcagcguccacucagagcaaguguuugcacugcgucugcaggacaaaaagcucccaccgcugcucucugagaucugggaugugcacgaaugacuguucuguccccauauuuucuguuuucuuggccggauggcugaggccugguggcugccuccuagaaguggaacagacugagaagggcaaacauuccugggagcugggcaaggagauccucccguggcauuaaaagagagucaaaggguugcgaguuuuguggcuacugagcaguggagcccucgcuaacacugugcugugucugaagaucaugcugaccccacaaacggaugggccugggggccacuuugcacaggguucuccagagcccugcccauccugccuccaccacuuccuguuuuucccacagggccccaagaaaaauucuccacugucaaaaaaaaa
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型2:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:24)
mslwlgapvp dippdsavel wkpgaqdass qaqggsscil reearmphsa ggtagvgleaaeptalltra eppsepteir pqkrkkgpap kmlgnelcsv cgdkasgfhy nvlscegckg ffrrsvikgahyichsgghc pmdtymrrkc qecrlrkcrq agmreecvls eeqirlkklk rqeeeqahat slpprassppqilpqlspeq lgmieklvaa qqqcnrrsfs drlrvtvmll etsrrynpgs esitflkdfs ynredfakaglqvefinpif efsramnelq lndaefalli aisifsadrp nvqdqlqver lqhtyvealh ayvsihhphdrlmfprmlmk lvslrtlssv hseqvfalrl qdkklpplls eiwdvhe
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型3:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:25)
aucuuacuuagggaccugcuggggugcggggaaaaggcgcagucucggugggauugcgugcaggagggucguggucuggcuguggcggaggagcauaagaagacucugcgguggagcuguggaagccaggcgcacaggaugcaagcagccaggcccagggaggcagcagcugcauccucagagaggaagccaggaugccccacucugcuggggguacugcagggguggggcuggaggcugcagagcccacagcccugcucaccagggcagagcccccuucagaacccacagagauccguccacaaaagcggaaaaaggggccagcccccaaaaugcuggggaacgagcuaugcagcguguguggggacaaggccucgggcuuccacuacaauguucugagcugcgagggcugcaagggauucuuccgccgcagcgucaucaagggagcgcacuacaucugccacaguggcggccacugccccauggacaccuacaugcgucgcaagugccaggagugucggcuucgcaaaugccgucaggcuggcaugcgggaggaguguguccugucagaagaacagauccgccugaagaaacugaagcggcaagaggaggaacaggcucaugccacauccuugccccccagggcuuccucacccccccaaauccugccccagcucagcccggaacaacugggcaugaucgagaagcucgucgcugcccagcaacaguguaaccggcgcuccuuuucugaccggcuucgagucacgccuuggcccauggcaccagauccccauagccgggaggcccgucagcagcgcuuugcccacuucacugagcuggccaucgucucugugcaggagauaguugacuuugcuaaacagcuacccggcuuccugcagcucagccgggaggaccagauugcccugcugaagaccucugcgaucgaggugaugcuucuggagacaucucggagguacaacccugggagugagaguaucaccuuccucaaggauuucaguuauaaccgggaagacuuugccaaagcagggcugcaaguggaauucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucuccagggccaugaaugagcugcaacucaaugaugccgaguuugccuugcucauugcuaucagcaucuucucugcagaccggcccaacgugcaggaccagcuccagguagagaggcugcagcacacauauguggaagcccugcaugccuacgucuccauccaccauccccaugaccgacugauguucccacggaugcuaaugaaacuggugagccuccggacccugagcagcguccacucagagcaaguguuugcacugcgucugcaggacaaaaagcucccaccgcugcucucugagaucugggaugugcacgaaugacuguucuguccccauauuuucuguuuucuuggccggauggcugaggccugguggcugccuccuagaaguggaacagacugagaagggcaaacauuccugggagcugggcaaggagauccucccguggcauuaaaagagagucaaaggguugcgaguuuuguggcuacugagcaguggagcccucgcuaacacugugcugugucugaagaucaugcugaccccacaaacggaugggccugggggccacuuugcacaggguucuccagagcccugcccauccugccuccaccacuuccuguuuuucccacagggccccaagaaaaauucuccacugucaaaaaaaaa
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型3:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:26)
mphsaggtag vgleaaepta lltraeppse pteirpqkrk kgpapkmlgn elcsvcgdkasgfhynvlsc egckgffrrs vikgahyich sgghcpmdty mrrkcqecrl rkcrqagmre ecvlseeqirlkklkrqeee qahatslppr assppqilpq lspeqlgmie klvaaqqqcn rrsfsdrlrv tpwpmapdphsrearqqrfa hftelaivsv qeivdfakql pgflqlsred qiallktsai evmlletsrr ynpgsesitflkdfsynred fakaglqvef inpifefsra mnelqlndae falliaisif sadrpnvqdq lqverlqhtyvealhayvsi hhphdrlmfp rmlmklvslr tlssvhseqv falrlqdkkl ppllseiwdv he
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型4:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:27)
gauucuaacuuagcuaagcaaugcuacuggagaccauaggcaaagccaagguacagcuucagggaagucuuuggugagcccaucucucauuaccaagguaacgaagcgcagacuccgggcccgggugggcggcaucaccaccagguucacgccgagaaggagcuggaggagagccgcccggcuccagccggaccgcuugcccgccaucaccguuguaaucuaugcagcaaacaagcuggaacccgcuggguggcaccugcaagcagccgcccggacgcacccacucugcgguggagcuguggaagccaggcgcacaggaugcaagcagccaggcccagggaggcagcagcugcauccucagagaggaagccaggaugccccacucugcuggggguacugcagggguggggcuggaggcugcagagcccacagcccugcucaccagggcagagcccccuucagaacccacagagauccguccacaaaagcggaaaaaggggccagcccccaaaaugcuggggaacgagcuaugcagcguguguggggacaaggccucgggcuuccacuacaauguucugagcugcgagggcugcaagggauucuuccgccgcagcgucaucaagggagcgcacuacaucugccacaguggcggccacugccccauggacaccuacaugcgucgcaagugccaggagugucggcuucgcaaaugccgucaggcuggcaugcgggaggaguguguccugucagaagaacagauccgccugaagaaacugaagcggcaagaggaggaacaggcucaugccacauccuugccccccagggcuuccucacccccccaaauccugccccagcucagcccggaacaacugggcaugaucgagaagcucgucgcugcccagcaacaguguaaccggcgcuccuuuucugaccggcuucgagucacgccuuggcccauggcaccagauccccauagccgggaggcccgucagcagcgcuuugcccacuucacugagcuggccaucgucucugugcaggagauaguugacuuugcuaaacagcuacccggcuuccugcagcucagccgggaggaccagauugcccugcugaagaccucugcgaucgaggugaugcuucuggagacaucucggagguacaacccugggagugagaguaucaccuuccucaaggauuucaguuauaaccgggaagacuuugccaaagcagggcugcaaguggaauucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucuccagggccaugaaugagcugcaacucaaugaugccgaguuugccuugcucauugcuaucagcaucuucucugcagaccggcccaacgugcaggaccagcuccagguagagaggcugcagcacacauauguggaagcccugcaugccuacgucuccauccaccauccccaugaccgacugauguucccacggaugcuaaugaaacuggugagccuccggacccugagcagcguccacucagagcaaguguuugcacugcgucugcaggacaaaaagcucccaccgcugcucucugagaucugggaugugcacgaaugacuguucuguccccauauuuucuguuuucuuggccggauggcugaggccugguggcugccuccuagaaguggaacagacugagaagggcaaacauuccugggagcugggcaaggagauccucccguggcauuaaaagagagucaaaggguugcgaguuuuguggcuacugagcaguggagcccucgcuaacacugugcugugucugaagaucaugcugaccccacaaacggaugggccugggggccacuuugcacaggguucuccagagcccugcccauccugccuccaccacuuccuguuuuucccacagggccccaagaaaaauucuccacugucaaaaaaaaa
LXR-a(NR1H3)同种型4:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:28)
mqqtswnplg gtckqppgrt hsavelwkpg aqdassqaqg gsscilreea rmphsaggtagvgleaaept alltraepps epteirpqkr kkgpapkmlg nelcsvcgdk asgfhynvls cegckgffrrsvikgahyic hsgghcpmdt ymrrkcqecr lrkcrqagmr eecvlseeqi rlkklkrqee eqahatslpprassppqilp qlspeqlgmi eklvaaqqqc nrrsfsdrlr vtpwpmapdp hsrearqqrf ahftelaivsvqeivdfakq lpgflqlsre dqiallktsa ievmlletsr rynpgsesit flkdfsynre dfakaglqvefinpifefsr amnelqlnda efalliaisi fsadrpnvqd qlqverlqht yvealhayvs ihhphdrlmfprmlmklvsl rtlssvhseq vfalrlqdkk lppllseiwd vhe
LXR-b(NR1H2)同种型1:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:29)
ucgucaaguuucacgcuccgccccucuuccggacgugacgcaagggcgggguugccggaagaaguggcgaaguuacuuuugaggguauuugaguagcggcggugugucaggggcuaaagaggaggacgaagaaaagcagagcaagggaacccagggcaacaggaguaguucacuccgcgagaggccguccacgagacccccgcgcgcagccaugagccccgccccccgcuguugcuuggagaggggcgggaccuggagagaggcugcuccgugaccccaccauguccucuccuaccacgaguucccuggauaccccccugccuggaaauggccccccucagccuggcgccccuucuucuucacccacuguaaaggaggaggguccggagccguggcccggggguccggacccugaugucccaggcacugaugaggccagcucagccugcagcacagacugggucaucccagaucccgaagaggaaccagagcgcaagcgaaagaagggcccagccccgaagaugcugggccacgagcuuugccgugucuguggggacaaggccuccggcuuccacuacaacgugcucagcugcgaaggcugcaagggcuucuuccggcgcagugugguccgugguggggccaggcgcuaugccugccgggguggcggaaccugccagauggacgcuuucaugcggcgcaagugccagcagugccggcugcgcaagugcaaggaggcagggaugagggagcagugcguccuuucugaagaacagauccggaagaagaagauucggaaacaacagcagcaggagucacagucacagucgcagucaccuguggggccgcagggcagcagcagcucagccucugggccuggggcuuccccugguggaucugaggcaggcagccagggcuccggggaaggcgaggguguccagcuaacagcggcucaagaacuaaugauccagcaguugguggcggcccaacugcagugcaacaaacgcuccuucuccgaccagcccaaagucacgcccuggccccugggcgcagacccccagucccgagaugcccgccagcaacgcuuugcccacuucacggagcuggccaucaucucaguccaggagaucguggacuucgcuaagcaagugccugguuuccugcagcugggccgggaggaccagaucgcccuccugaaggcauccacuaucgagaucaugcugcuagagacagccaggcgcuacaaccacgagacagaguguaucaccuucuugaaggacuucaccuacagcaaggacgacuuccaccgugcaggccugcagguggaguucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucucgcgggccaugcggcggcugggccuggacgacgcugaguacgcccugcucaucgccaucaacaucuucucggccgaccggcccaacgugcaggagccgggccgcguggaggcguugcagcagcccuacguggaggcgcugcuguccuacacgcgcaucaagaggccgcaggaccagcugcgcuucccgcgcaugcucaugaagcuggugagccugcgcacgcugagcucugugcacucggagcaggucuucgccuugcggcuccaggacaagaagcugccgccucugcugucggagaucugggacguccacgagugaggggcuggccacccagccccacagccuugccugaccacccuccagcagauagacgccggcaccccuuccucuuccuaggguggaaggggcccugggccgagccuguagaccuaucggcucucaucccuugggauaagccccaguccagguccaggaggcucccucccugcccagcgagucuuccagaaggggugaaaggguugcaggucccgaccacugacccuucccggcugcccucccuccccagcuuacaccucaagcccagcacgcagugcaccuugaacagagggaggggaggacccauggcucuccccccuagcccgggagaccagggccuuccucuuccucugcuuuuauuuaauaaaaacuaaaaacagaaacaggaaaauaaaauaugaauacaauccagcccggagcuggagugca
LXR-b(NR1H2)同种型1:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:30)
msspttssld tplpgngppq pgapsssptv keegpepwpg gpdpdvpgtd eassacstdwvipdpeeepe rkrkkgpapk mlghelcrvc gdkasgfhyn vlscegckgf frrsvvrgga rryacrgggtcqmdafmrrk cqqcrlrkck eagmreqcvl seeqirkkki rkqqqqesqs qsqspvgpqg ssssasgpgaspggseagsq gsgegegvql taaqelmiqq lvaaqlqcnk rsfsdqpkvt pwplgadpqs rdarqqrfahftelaiisvq eivdfakqvp gflqlgredq iallkastie imlletarry nhetecitfl kdftyskddfhraglqvefi npifefsram rrlglddaey alliainifs adrpnvqepg rvealqqpyv eallsytrikrpqdqlrfpr mlmklvslrt lssvhseqvf alrlqdkklp pllseiwdvh e
LXR-b(NR1H2)同种型2:RNA序列(SEQ ID NO:31)
ucgucaaguuucacgcuccgccccucuuccggacgugacgcaagggcgggguugccggaagaaguggcgaaguuacuuuugaggguauuugaguagcggcggugugucaggggcuaaagaggaggacgaagaaaagcagagcaagggaacccagggcaacaggaguaguucacuccgcgagaggccguccacgagacccccgcgcgcagccaugagccccgccccccgcuguugcuuggagaggggcgggaccuggagagaggcugcuccgugaccccaccauguccucuccuaccacgaguucccuggauaccccccugccuggaaauggccccccucagccuggcgccccuucuucuucacccacuguaaaggaggaggguccggagccguggcccggggguccggacccugaugucccaggcacugaugaggccagcucagccugcagcacagacuggggcguccuuucugaagaacagauccggaagaagaagauucggaaacaacagcagcaggagucacagucacagucgcagucaccuguggggccgcagggcagcagcagcucagccucugggccuggggcuuccccugguggaucugaggcaggcagccagggcuccggggaaggcgaggguguccagcuaacagcggcucaagaacuaaugauccagcaguugguggcggcccaacugcagugcaacaaacgcuccuucuccgaccagcccaaagucacgcccuggccccugggcgcagacccccagucccgagaugcccgccagcaacgcuuugcccacuucacggagcuggccaucaucucaguccaggagaucguggacuucgcuaagcaagugccugguuuccugcagcugggccgggaggaccagaucgcccuccugaaggcauccacuaucgagaucaugcugcuagagacagccaggcgcuacaaccacgagacagaguguaucaccuucuugaaggacuucaccuacagcaaggacgacuuccaccgugcaggccugcagguggaguucaucaaccccaucuucgaguucucgcgggccaugcggcggcugggccuggacgacgcugaguacgcccugcucaucgccaucaacaucuucucggccgaccggcccaacgugcaggagccgggccgcguggaggcguugcagcagcccuacguggaggcgcugcuguccuacacgcgcaucaagaggccgcaggaccagcugcgcuucccgcgcaugcucaugaagcuggugagccugcgcacgcugagcucugugcacucggagcaggucuucgccuugcggcuccaggacaagaagcugccgccucugcugucggagaucugggacguccacgagugaggggcuggccacccagccccacagccuugccugaccacccuccagcagauagacgccggcaccccuuccucuuccuaggguggaaggggcccugggccgagccuguagaccuaucggcucucaucccuugggauaagccccaguccagguccaggaggcucccucccugcccagcgagucuuccagaaggggugaaaggguugcaggucccgaccacugacccuucccggcugcccucccuccccagcuuacaccucaagcccagcacgcagugcaccuugaacagagggaggggaggacccauggcucuccccccuagcccgggagaccagggccuuccucuuccucugcuuuuauuuaauaaaaacuaaaaacagaaacaggaaaauaaaauaugaauacaauccagcccggagcuggagugca
LXR-b(NR1H2)同种型2:氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:32)
msspttssld tplpgngppq pgapsssptv keegpepwpg gpdpdvpgtd eassacstdwgvlseeqirk kkirkqqqqe sqsqsqspvg pqgssssasg pgaspggsea gsqgsgegeg vqltaaqelmiqqlvaaqlq cnkrsfsdqp kvtpwplgad pqsrdarqqr fahftelaii svqeivdfak qvpgflqlgredqiallkas tieimlleta rrynheteci tflkdftysk ddfhraglqv efinpifefs ramrrlglddaeyalliain ifsadrpnvq epgrvealqq pyveallsyt rikrpqdqlr fprmlmklvs lrtlssvhseqvfalrlqdk klppllseiw dvhe
has-miR-199a-1序列(SEQ ID NO:33)
GCCAACCCAGUGUUCAGACUACCUGUUCAGGAGGCUCUCAAUGUGUACAGUAGUCUGCACAUUGGUUAGGC
has-miR-199a-2序列(SEQ ID NO:34)
AGGAAGCUUCUGGAGAUCCUGCUCCGUCGCCCCAGUGUUCAGACUACCUGUUCAGGACAAUGCCGUUGUACAGUAGUCUGCACAUUGGUUAGACUGGGCAAGGGAGAGCA
has-miR-1908序列(SEQ ID NO:35)
CGGGAAUGCCGCGGCGGGGACGGCGAUUGGUCCGUAUGUGUGGUGCCACCGGCCGCCGGCUCCGCCCCGGCCCCCGCCCC
has-miR-7-1序列(SEQ ID NO:36)
UUGGAUGUUGGCCUAGUUCUGUGUGGAAGACUAGUGAUUUUGUUGUUUUUAGAUAACUAAAUCGACAACAAAUCACAGUCUGCCAUAUGGCACAGGCCAUGCCUCUACAG
has-miR-7-2序列(SEQ ID NO:37)
CUGGAUACAGAGUGGACCGGCUGGCCCCAUCUGGAAGACUAGUGAUUUUGUUGUUGUCUUACUGCGCUCAACAACAAAUCCCAGUCUACCUAAUGGUGCCAGCCAUCGCA
has-miR-7-3序列(SEQ ID NO:38)
AGAUUAGAGUGGCUGUGGUCUAGUGCUGUGUGGAAGACUAGUGAUUUUGUUGUUCUGAUGUACUACGACAACAAGUCACAGCCGGCCUCAUAGCGCAGACUCCCUUCGAC
miR-Zip 199a-3p序列(SEQ ID NO:39)
GATCCGACAGTAGCCTGCACATTAGTCACTTCCTGTCAGTAACCAATGTGCAGACTACTGTTTTTTGAATT
miR-Zip 199a-5p序列(SEQ ID NO:40)
GATCCGCCCAGTGCTCAGACTACCCGTGCCTTCCTGTCAGGAACAGGTAGTCTGAACACTGGGTTTTTGAATT
miR-Zip 1908序列(SEQ ID NO:41)
GATCCGCGGCGGGAACGGCGATCGGCCCTTCCTGTCAGGACCAATCGCCGTCCCCGCCGTTTTTGAATT
miR-Zip 7序列(SEQ ID NO:42)
GATCCGTGGAAGATTAGTGAGTTTATTATCTTCCTGTCAGACAACAAAATCACTAGTCTTCCATTTTTGAATT
该网络的成员可用作用于治疗转移性黑素瘤的靶标。此外,所述成员可用作生物标记,用于确定受试者是否具有转移性黑素瘤,或受试者是否处于具有转移性黑素瘤的风险,或者用于确定具有该病症的患者的预后和或监测。因此,本发明包括通过靶向所述一个或多个成员而治疗转移性黑素瘤的方法、确定治疗方案对于抑制癌症的效果的方法以及鉴定抗癌制剂的方法。还提供了诊断受试者是否具有转移性黑素瘤,或者是否处于具有转移性黑素瘤的风险的方法,以及筛选认为处于具有发展为该疾病的风险的受试者的方法。本发明还包括适于进行上述方法的各种试剂盒。
ApoE多肽
如文中使用的术语“多肽或肽”包括具有所述网络涉及的特定结构域或部分的上述转移抑制剂的任一种的重组或合成产生的融合或嵌合的版本。该术语还包括所述肽的类似物、片段、延长或衍生物(例如,具有用于在原核细胞中表达的增加的氨基末端蛋氨酸)。
如文中使用的“载脂蛋白多肽或ApoE多肽”意思是模拟天然载脂蛋白的体内或体外功能的肽、药物或化合物,包括为10~200个氨基酸残基长度的肽的载脂蛋白类似物、片段、延长物或衍生物,这样的肽可包括含有酰胺键的天然或非天然的氨基酸。可修饰载脂蛋白肽片段,以改善它们在本领域中已知的体内稳定性或生物利用度,并可包括通过各种键结合到氨基酸侧链的有机化合物。
在一个方面,我们的发明为使用具有氨基酸序列TQQIRLQAEIFQAR(鼠科)(SEQ.ID.No.43)或AQQIRLQAEAFQAR(人类)(SEQ.ID.No.44)的分离的apoEp1.B肽,或所述肽的类似物、片段、延长物或衍生物的方法。本发明还包括编码apoEpI.B肽或其类似物、片段、延长物或衍生物的核酸分子。
术语“类似物”包括具有与天然肽实质上相同的氨基酸残基序列的任何肽,其中,一个或多个残基已经用功能相似的残基保守地取代,并且其显示模拟天然肽的能力。保守取代的实例包括一个非极性(疏水的)残基取代另一个,例如丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸或蛋氨酸,一个极性(亲水的)残基取代另一个,例如精氨酸和赖氨酸之间,谷氨酰胺和天冬酰胺之间,甘氨酸和丝氨酸之间,一个碱性残基(例如赖氨酸、精氨酸或组氨酸)取代另一个,或取代一个酸性残基,例如天冬氨酸或谷氨酸取代另一种。
术语“保守的取代”还包括使用化学衍生的残基代替非衍生的残基,只要这样的多肽显示必需的活性。肽的类似物包括具有下述序列的肽:TAQIRLQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:45);TQAIRLQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:46);TQQARLQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:47)和TQQIALQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:48)。
“衍生物”是指具有一个或多个通过官能侧基的反应而化学衍生的残基的肽。这样的衍生的分子包括例如其中游离氨基已经衍生形成胺盐酸盐、对甲苯磺酰基、苄氧羰基、叔丁氧羧基、氯乙酰基或甲酰基的那些分子。游离的羧基可衍生,以形成盐、甲酯和乙酯或其它类型的酯或酰肼类。游离的羟基可衍生形成O-酰基衍生物或O-烷基衍生物。组氨酸的咪唑氮可衍生形成N-im-苄基组氨酸。还包括的作为衍生物的为包含一种或多种的20个标准氨基酸的天然产生的氨基酸衍生物的那些肽。例如:4-羟基丙氨酸可取代脯氨酸;5-羟基赖氨酸可取代赖氨酸;3-甲基组氨酸可取代组氨酸;高丝氨酸可取代丝氨酸;并且鸟氨酸可取代赖氨酸。本发明的多肽还包括具有一个或多个相对于文中显示其序列的多肽的序列的残基的增加和/或删除,只要保持必需的活性。
术语“片段”是指具有比文中显示其氨基酸残基序列的肽短的氨基酸残基序列的任何主题的肽。
术语“延长”是指具有比本发明的肽长一个或两个氨基酸的氨基酸序列(在羧基末端或氨基末端)的任何主题的肽。优选地,在氨基末端发生延长。肽的片段和延长包括具有下述序列的肽:QTQQIRLQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:49)和QQIRLQAEIFQAR(SEQ.ID.NO.:50)。
在通过引用合并于本文的美国专利No.6,652,860中描述了ApoE多肽及其制备方法。
LXR激动剂
本发明的方法可包括施予用于预防并治疗转移的LXR激动剂。所述LXR激动剂可为根据下面显示的化学式I、II、III或IV的化合物。
下面提供了化学式I:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中
Ar为芳基;
R1为选自由-OH、-CO2H、-O-(Cl-C7)烷基、-OC(O)-、-(C1-C7)烷基、-O-(C1-C7)杂烷基、-OC(O)-(C1-C7)杂烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C7)烷基、-N((C1-C7)烷基)2和-NH-S(O)2(C1-C5)烷基组成的组中的成员;
R2为选自由(C1-C7)烷基、(C1-C7)杂烷基、芳基和芳基(C1-C7)烷基组成的组中的成员;
X1、X2、X3、X4、X5和X6各自独立地为选自由H、(C1-C5)烷基、(C1-C5)杂烷基、F和CI组成的组中的成员,条件是X1至X6的不超过三个为H、(C1-C5)烷基、(C1-C5)杂烷基;并且
Y为选自由-N(R12)S(O)m-、-N(R12)S(O)mN(R13)-、-N(R12)C(O)-、-N(R12)C(O)N(R13)-、-N(R12)C(S)-和-N(R12)C(O)O-组成的组中的二价连接基团;
其中,R12和R13各自独立地选自由H、(C1-C7)烷基、(C1-C7)杂烷基、芳基和芳基(C1-C7)烷基组成的组中,并且任选地,当Y为-N(R12)S(O)m-或-N(R12)S(O)mN(R13)-时,R12通过共价连接到Ar或R2而分别形成稠合到Ar或R2的五元或六元环;并且下标m为1至2的整数;
条件是当R1为OH,并且–Y-R2为-N(R12)S(O)m-R2或-N(R12)C(O)N(R13)-R2并且连接到附着到Ar的季碳的对位,并且当R2为苯基、苄基或苯甲酰基时,则i)R12或R13的至少一个不是氢并包含吸电子取代基,或者ii)R2被除了氨基、乙酰氨基、二(C1-C7)烷基氨基、(C1-C7)烷基氨基、卤素、羟基、硝基或(C1-C7)烷基以外的其它部分(moiety)取代,或者iii)R2的苯环部分被除了Y基或者连接到Y的点以外的至少三个独立选择的基团取代。
在一些实施方式中,Y为–N(R12)S(O)2-并且R1为OH。
因此,化学式I的化合物包括但不限于具有下面显示的结构的化合物:
可如通过引用合并于本文的美国专利No.6,316,503中所描述地合成化学式I的化合物。
下面提供了化学式II:
其中:
R1为-H;
X1为键、C1至C5烷基、-C(O)-、-C(=CR8R9)-、-O-、-S(O)t-、-NR8-、-CR8R9-、-CHR23、-CR8(CR9)-、-C(CR8)2-、-CR8(OC(O)R9)-、-C=NOR9-、-C(O)NR8-、-CH2O-、-CH2S-、-CH2NR8-、-OCH2-、-SCH2-、-NR8CH2-或
R2为H、C1至C6烷基、C2至C6烯基、C2至C6炔基、C3至C6环烷基、-CH2OH、C7至C11芳烷基、苯基、萘基、C1至C3全氟代烷基、CN、C(O)NH2、CO2R12,或被独立地选自C1~C3烷基、C2~C4烯基、C2~C4炔基、C1~C3烷氧基、C1~C3全氟代烷基、卤素、-NO2、-NR8R9、-CN、-OH以及用1至5个氟取代的C1~C3烷基的一个或多个取代的苯基,或者R2为选自由吡啶、噻吩、苯并异噁唑、苯并噻吩、噁二唑、吡咯、吡唑、咪唑和呋喃组成的组中的杂环,其每种均可任选地被独立地选自C1~C3烷基、C1至C3烷氧基、C1至C3全氟代烷基、卤素、-NO2、-NR8R9、-CN和用1至5个氟取代的C1至C3烷基的一个或三个基团取代;
X2为键或-CH2-;
R3为苯基、萘基,或独立地被独立地选自C1~C3烷基、羟基、苯基、酰基、卤素、-NH2、-CN、-NO2、C1至C3烷氧基、C1至C3全氟代烷基、用1至5个氟取代的C1至C3烷基、NR14R15、-C(O)R10、-C(O)NR10Rl1、-C(O)NR11A、-C≡CR8、-CH=CHR8、-WA、-C≡CA、-CH=CHA、-WAY、-WYNR11-A、-WYR10、-WY(CH2)jA、-WCHR11(CH2)jA、-W(CH2)jA、-W(CH2)jR10、-CHR11W(CH2)jR10、-CHR11W(CH2)jA、-CHR11NR12YA、-CHR11NR12YR10、吡咯、-W(CH2)jA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CR18R19)A(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-(CH2)jWA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-CH=CHA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-C≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CH2)jC≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ和-W(CH2)jZ的一个至四个基团取代的苯基或萘基,或者R3为选自嘧啶、噻吩、呋喃、苯并噻吩、吲哚、苯并呋喃、苯并咪唑、苯并噻唑、苯并噁唑和喹啉的杂环,其每种均可任选地被独立地选自C1~C3烷基、C1~C3烷氧基、羟基、苯基、酰基、卤素、-NH2、-CN、-NO2、C1至C3全氟代烷基、用1至5个氟取代的C1至C3烷基、-C(O)R10、-C(O)NR10R11、-C(O)NR11A、-C≡CR8、-CH=CHR8、-WA、-C≡CA、-CH=CHA、-WAY、-WYR10、-WY(CH2)jA、-W(CH2)jA、-W(CH2)jR10、-CHR11W(CH2)jR10、-CHR11W(CH2)jA、-CHR11NR12YA、-CHR11NR12YR10、-WCHR11(CH2)jA、-W(CH2)jA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CR18R19)A(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-(CH2)jWA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-CH=CHA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-C≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CH2)jC≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ和-W(CH2)jZ的一个至三个基团取代;
W为键、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-NR11-或-N(COR12)-;
Y为-CO-、-S(O)2-、-CONR13、-CONR13CO-、-CONR13SO2-、-C(NCN)-、-CSNR13、-C(NH)NR13或-C(O)O-;
j为0至3;
k为0至3;
t为0至2;
D为键、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-C=、-C(O)-、苯基、-O-、-NH-、-S-、-CHR14-、-CR14R15-、-OCHR14、-OCR14R15-或-CH(OH)CH(OH)-;
p为0至3;
Z为-CO2R11、-CONR10R11、-C(NR10)NR11R12、-CONH2NH2、-CN、-CH2OH、-NR16R17、苯基、CONHCH(R20)COR12、苯邻二甲酰亚胺、吡咯烷-2,5二酮、噻唑烷-2,4-二酮、四唑基、吡咯、吲哚、噁唑、2-硫代-l,3-噻唑啉-4-酮(2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolin-4-one)、C1~C7胺类;C3~C7环胺类,或用一个或两个OH取代的C1~C3烷基;其中,所述吡咯可任选地被独立地选自由-CO2CH3、-CO2H、-COCH3、-CONH2和-CN组成的组中的一个或两个取代基取代;
其中,所述C1至C7胺类可任选地被独立地选自由-OH、卤素、-OCH3和-C≡CH组成的组中的一个到两个取代基取代;
其中所述苯基可任选地被CO2R11取代,并且,其中所述C3~C7环胺可任选地被独立地选自由-OH-CH2OH、C1~C3烷基、-CH2OCH3、-CO2CH3和-CONH2组成的组中的一个或两个取代基取代,并且,其中所述噁唑可任选地被CH2CO2R11取代;
A为苯基、萘基、四氢萘基、茚满或联苯基,其每个均可任选地被独立地选自卤素、C1~C3烷基、C2~C4烯基、C2~C4炔基、酰基、羟基、卤素、-CN、-NO2、-CO2R11、-CH2CO2R11、苯基、C1~C3全氟代烷氧基、C1~C3全氟代烷基、-NR10R11、-CH2NR10R11、-SR11、用1~5个氟取代的C1~C6烷基、用1~2个OH取代的C1~C3烷基、可任选地被1~5个氟取代的C1~C6烷氧基或任选地被1~2个CF3基团取代的苯氧基的1个至4个基团取代;或者
A为选自吡咯、吡啶、吡啶-N-氧化物、嘧啶、吡唑、噻吩、呋喃、喹啉、噁唑、噻唑、咪唑、异噁唑、吲哚、苯并[1,3]-间二氧杂环戊烯、苯并[1,2,5]-噁二唑、异色烯-l-酮、苯并噻吩、苯并呋喃、2,3-二-5氢苯并[1,4]-二噁英(2,3-di-5hydrobenzo[1,4]-dioxine)、联噻吩基(bitheinyl)、喹唑啉-2,4-9[3H]二酮以及3-H-异苯并呋喃-l-酮的杂环,其每种均可任选地被独立地选自卤素、C1~C3烷基、乙酰基、羟基、-CN、-NO2、C1~C3全氟代烷基、-NR10R11、-CH2NR10R11、-SR11、用1~5个氟取代的C1~C3烷基以及任选地用1~5个氟取代的C1~C3烷氧基的1~3个基团取代;
R4、R5和R6各自独立地为-H或-F;
R7为C1~C4烷基、C1~C4全氟代烷基、卤素、-NO2、-CN、苯基或被独立地选自卤素、C1~C2烷基和OH的一种或两种基团取代的苯基;
条件是如果X1R2形成氢,则R3选自:
(a)被-W(CH2)jA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CR18R19)A(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-(CH2)jWA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-CH=CHA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-C≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ或-W(CH2)jC≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ取代的苯基,其中苯基部分可进一步任选地被独立地选自C1~C2烷基、C1~C2全氟代烷基、卤素和CN的一个或两个基团取代;以及
(b)选自嘧啶、噻吩和呋喃的杂环,其每个均被-W(CH2)jA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-W(CR18R19)A(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-(CH2)jWA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-CH=CHA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ、-C≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ或-W(CH2)jC≡CA(CH2)kD(CH2)pZ的一种取代;
每个R8均独立地为-H或C1至C3烷基;
每个R9均独立地为-H或C1至C3烷基;
每个R10均独立地为-H、-CH、C1至C3烷氧基、C1至C7烷基、C3~C7烯基、C3~C7炔基、C3~C7环烷基、-CH2CH2OCH3、2-甲基-四氢呋喃、2-甲基-四氢吡喃、4-甲基哌啶、吗啉、吡咯烷或者任选地用1或2个C1至C3烷氧基取代的苯基,其中,所述C1~C7烷基可任选地被独立地选自C1~C3烷氧基、C1~C3硫代烷氧基和CN的1、2或3个基团取代;
每个R11均独立地为-H、C1至C3烷基或R22;或者当R10与R11连接到相同的原子时,共同与所述原子形成:5~7元的饱和环,其可任选地被选自C1~C3烷基、OH和C1~C3烷氧基的1至2个基团取代;或包含1或2个杂原子的5~7元环,其可任选地被独立地选自C1~C3烷基、OH和C1~C3烷氧基的1至2个基团取代;
每个R12均独立地为-H或C1至C3烷基;
每个R13均独立地为-H或C1至C3烷基;
每个R14和R15均独立地为C1至C7烷基、C3至C8环烷基、C2至C7烯基、C2至C7炔基、-CH、F、C7至C14芳烷基,其中,所述芳烷基可任选地被独立地选自NO2、C1至C6烷基、C1至C3全卤代烷基、卤素、CH2CO2R11、苯基和C1至C3烷氧基的1至3个基团取代,或者R12和R15与它们连接的原子共同形成3~7元的饱和环;
每个R16和R17均独立地为氢、C1至C3烷基、C1至C3烯基、C1至C3炔基、苯基、苄基或C3至C8环烷基,其中,所述C1至C3烷基可任选地被一个OH基团取代,并且其中,所述苄基可任选地被选自C1至C3烷基和C1至C3烷氧基的1至3个基团取代;或者R16和R17与它们连接的原子共同形成3~8元杂环,其可任选地被独立地选自由C1至C3烷基、-OH、CH2OH、-CH2OCH3、-CO2CH3和-CONH2组成的组中的1或2个取代基取代;
每个R18和R19均独立地为C1至C3烷基;
每个R20均独立地为H、苯基或天然产生的α氨基酸的侧链;
每个R22均独立地为可任选地被CH2COOH取代的芳烷基;并且
每个R23均为苯基;
或其药学上可接受的盐。
可如通过引用合并于本文的美国专利No.7,576,215中所描述地,合成化学式II的化合物。化学式II的化合物可为化合物26~32的任一种或其药学上可接受的盐。
下面提供了化学式III:
其中:X选自氢、C1-C8烷基、卤素、-OR10、-NR10R11、硝基、氰基、-COOR10或-COR10。
Z为CH、CR3或N,其中,当Z为CH或CR3时,k为0~4,并且t为0或1,并且当Z为N时,k为0~3,并且t为0;
Y选自-O-、-S-、-N(R12)-和-C(R4)(R5)-;
W1选自C1-C6烷基、C0-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、芳基和Het,其中,所述C1-C8烷基、C3-C8环烷基、Ar和Het可任选地未取代,或者被独立地选自卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基-CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-SO3H、-C0-C6烷基-SO2NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-SOR15、-C0-C6烷基OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)NR13R14和-C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15的一个或多个基团取代,其中,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
W2选自H、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0--C6烷基-SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OCONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-NR13CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-Ar和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基,其中,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代或者被一个或多个卤素取代基取代,并且其中,所述–C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-Ar和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基的C3-C7环烷基、Ar和Het部分可任选地未取代,或者被独立地选自卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基-CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-SO3H、-C0-C6烷基-SO2NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-SOR15、-C0--C6烷基-OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基OC(O)NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)NR13R14和–C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15的一个或多个基团取代,其中,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
W3选自由下述组成的组:H、卤素、C1-C6烷基、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基-CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基-OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OCONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基NR13CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C1-C6烷基-Ar和–C1-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基,其中,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代或者被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
Q选自C3-C8环烷基、Ar和Het;其中,所述C3-C8环烷基、Ar和Het可任选地未取代或被独立地选自卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-SO3H、-C0-C6烷基-SO2NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-SOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基NR13C(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)NR13R14和–C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15的一种或多种基团取代,其在,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
p为0-8;
n为2-8;
m为0或1;
q为0或1;
t为0或1;
每个R1和R2均独立地选自H、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-SR12、-C1-C6烷基-Het、-C1-C6烷基-Ar和–C1-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基,或者R1和R2与它们连接的碳共同形成3~5元碳环或杂环,其中,所述杂环包括一个或多个选自N、O和S的杂原子,其中,所述C1-C6烷基的任一个任选地未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
每个R3同相均或不同,并独立地选自卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-Ar、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C6烷基-CO2R12、-C0-C6烷基-C(O)SR12、-C0-C6烷基-CONR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-COR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SR12、-C0-C6烷基-OR12、-C0-C6烷基-SO3H、-C0-C6烷基SO2NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-SO2R12、-C0-C6烷基SOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OCOR15、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)NR13R14、-C0-C6烷基-OC(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)OR15、-C0-C6烷基-NR13C(O)NR13R14和–C0-C6烷基-NR13COR15,其中,所述C1-C6烷基可任选地未取代,或者被一个或多个卤素取代基取代;
R4和R5的每个均独立地选自H、卤素、C1~C6烷基、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-Ar和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基;
R6和R7均独立地选自H、卤素、C1~C6烷基、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-Ar和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基;
R8和R9均独立地选自H、卤素、C1~C6烷基、-C0-C6烷基-Het、-C0-C6烷基-Ar和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基;
R10和R11均独立地选自H、C1-C12烷基、C3-C12烯基、C3-C12炔基、-C0-C8烷基-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-Het、-C0-C8烷基-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C8烷基-O-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-O-Het、-C0-C8烷基-O-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C8烷基-S(O)x-C0-C6烷基、-C0-C8烷基-S(O)x-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-S(O)x-Het、-C0-C8烷基-S(O)x-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C8烷基-NH-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-NH-Het、-C0-C8烷基-NH-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C8烷基-N(C1-C4烷基)-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-N(C1-C4烷基)-Het、-C0-C8烷基-N(C1-C4烷基-C3-C7环烷基、-C0-C8烷基-Ar、-C0-C8烷基-Het和–C0-C8烷基-C3-C7环烷基,其中,x为0、1或2,或者R10和R11与它们共同连接的N形成4~7元的杂环,其可任选地包含一个或多个选自N、O和S的另外的杂原子,其中,所述C1-C12烷基、C3-C12烯基或C3-C12炔基可任选地被独立地选自由卤素、-OH、-SH、-NH2、-NH(未取代的C1-C6烷基)、-N(未取代的C1-C6烷基)(未取代的C1-C6烷基)、未取代的–OC1-C6烷基、-CO2H、-CO2(未取代的C1-C6烷基)、-CONH2、-CONH(未取代的C1-C6烷基)、-CON(未取代的C1-C6烷基)(未取代的C1-C6烷基)、-SO3H、-SO2NH2、-SO2NH(未取代的C1-C6烷基)和-SO2N(未取代的C1-C6烷基)(未取代的C1-C6烷基)组成的组中的一个或多个取代基取代;
R12选自H、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-Ar、-C0-C6烷基-Het和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基;
每个R13和每个R14均独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-Ar、-C0-C6烷基-Het和-C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基,或者R13和R14与它们共同连接的N形成4~7元杂环,其可任选地包含一个或多个选自N、O和S的另外的杂原子;
并且R15选自C1-C6烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、-C0-C6烷基-Ar、-C0-C6烷基-Het和–C0-C6烷基-C3-C7环烷基;
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在一些实施方式中,X为氢,p为0,t为0,Z为CH,并且Y为–O-。
在另外的实施方式中,X为氢,p为0,t为0,Z为CH,并且Y为–O-,W1和W2为苯基,W3为氢,q为1,R8和R9为氢。
在其它实施方式中,X为氢,p为0,t为0,Z为CH,并且Y为–O-,W1和W2为苯基,W3为氢,q为1,R8和R9为氢,并且Q为Ar。
因此,化学式III的化合物包括但不限于具有下面显示的结构的化合物GW3965 2和SB742881 25:
可如通过引用合并于本文的美国专利No.7,365,085和7,560,586中所描述地,合成化学式III的化合物。
下面显示了化学式IV:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
J11为-N=,并且J21为-CR300-,或者J11为–CR200-,并且J21为=N-;
R00为Gl、G21或RN;
R200为G1、G21或RC;
如果R300、R400和R500的一个且仅有一个是Q,那么R300和R400独立地为RC或Q;
Q为C3~6环烷基、杂芳基或杂环基,每个均可任选地被1至4个RQ取代,或者Q为-X-Y-Z;其中每个RQ均独立地为芳氧基、芳烷基氧基(aralkyloxy)、芳氧基烷基、芳基C0-C6烷基羧基、C(R110)=C(R110)-COOH、氧代、=S、-Z、-Y'-Z或-X-Y-Z,其中,每个RQ均可任选地被1至4个R80取代;
R500为G1G21、Q或RC;条件是R00、R200和R500仅有一个是Gl,并且R00、N=和R500仅有一个是G21;
G21为–J0-K0,其中,J0和K0独立地为芳基或杂芳基,其每个均可任选地被一个至4个RK基团取代,每个RK均独立地为氢、卤素、CR110=CR110COOR110、硝基、-Z、-Y-Z或-X-Y-Z;
Gl为–L10-R,其中,L10为键、L50、L60、-L50-L60-L50-或-L60-L50-L50-,其中
每个L50均独立地为-[C(R150)2]m-;
每个L60均独立地为-CS-、-CO-、-SO2-、-O-、-CON(R110)-、-CONR110N(Rll0)-、-C(=NRll0)-、-C(NORll)-、-C(=N-N(R110)2)-、-C3-C8-环烷基或–杂环基-,其中,所述环烷基或杂环基可任选地被一个至4个R140基团取代;或者每个L60独立地为C2-C6烷二基(alidiyl),其中,所述烷二基链可任选地被-C(R100)2-、-C(R110)2C(R110)z-、-C(R11)C(R110)-、-C(R110)2O-、-C(R110)zNR110-、-C C-、-O-、-S-、-N(RO)CO-、-N(R100)CO2-、-CON(R110)-、-CO-、-CO2-、-OC(=O)-、-OC(=O)N(R100)-、-SO2-、-N(R100)SO2-或-SO2N(R100)中断;
R为芳基、杂环基、杂芳基或-(C3-C6)环烷基,其中,R可任选地被1至4个RA取代,其中,每个RA均独立地为卤素、硝基、杂环基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8环烷基、(C3-C8环烷基)-C1-C6烷基-、(C3-C8环烯基)-C1-C6烷基-、(C3-C8环烷基)-C1C6烯基-、芳烷基、芳氧基、芳基Cl-6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、SO2R110、OR110、SR110、N3、SOR110、COR110、SO2N(R110)2、SO2NR110COR110、C≡N、C(O)OR110、CON(R110) 2、-CON(R110)OR110、OCON(R110)2、-NR110COR110、NR110CON(R110)2、NR110COOR110、-C(=N-OH)R110、-C(=S)N(R110)2、-S(=O)N(R110)2、-S(=O)OR110、-N(R110)S(=O)2R110、-C(=O)N(R110)N(R110)2、-OC(=O)-R110、-OC(=O)-OR110或N(R11)2,其中,每个RA均可任选地被1至4个独立地为-卤素、-Cl-C6烷基、芳氧基、C0-6烷基SO2R110、C0-6烷基COOR 110、Cl-6烷氧基芳基、C1-C6卤代烷基、-SO2R110、-OR110、-SR110、-N3、-SO2R110、-COR110、-SO2N(R110)2、-SO2NR110COR110、-C≡N、-C(O)OR110、-CON(R110)2、-CON(R110)OR110、-OCON(R110)2、-NR110COR110、-NR110CON(R110)2、-NR110COOR110或-N(R110)2的基团取代;
RN为–L31-R60,其中,L31为键、-X3(CHz)n-X3-、-(CH2)m-X3-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)1+w、-Y3-(CH2)w-,其中,每个w均独立地为0~5;并且每个X3均独立地为键、-C(R110)2-、-C(R110)2C(R110)2-、-C(R110)=C(R110)-、-C≡C-、-CO-、-CS-、-CONR100-、-C(=N)(R100)-、-C(=N-OR110)-、-C[=N-N(R110)2]、-CO2-、-SO2-或–SO2N(R110)-;并且
Y3为-O-、-S-、-NR70-、-N(R100)CO-、-N(R110)CO2-、-OCO-、-OC(=O)N(R100)-、-NR100CONR100-、-N(R110)SO2-或–NR100CSNR100-;
或者,L31为C2~6烷二基链,其中,所述烷二基链可任选地被-C(R110)2-、-C(R110)2C(R110)2-、-C(R110)=C(R110)-、-C(R110)2O-、-C(R110)2NR110-、-C≡C-、-O-、-S-、-N(R100)CO-、-N(R100)CO2-、-CON(R100)-、-CO-、-CO2-、-OC(=O)-、-OC(=O)N(R110)-、-SO2-、-N(R100)SO2-或-SO2N(R100)中断;并且
R60为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、芳基、C3-C8环烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、-CN、-C(=O)R110、-C(=O)OR110、-C(=O)N(R110)2、-N(R110)2、-SO2R110、-S(=O)2N(R110)2、-C(=O)N(R110)N(R110)2或-C(=O)N(R11)(OR110),其中,所述芳基、杂芳基、环烷基或杂环基可任选地被1至4个R60a取代,其中,
每个R60a均独立地为-Z、-Y’-Z或-X-Y-Z;
每个RC均独立地为–L30-R70,其中,每个L30均独立地为键或-(CH2)m-V10-(CH2)n-,其中,V10为-C(R110)2-、-C(R110)2C(R110)2、-C(R110)=C(R110)-、-C(R110)2O-、-C(R110)2NR110-、-C≡C-、-O-、-S-、-NR10-、-N(R100)CO-、-N(R100)CO2-、-OCO-、-CO-、-CS-、-CONR100-、-C(=N-R110)-、-C(=N-OR110)-、-C[=N-N(R110)2]、-CO2-、-OC(=O)-、-OC(=O)N(R100)-、SO2-、-N(R100)SO2-、-SO2N(R100)-、-NR100CONR100-、-NR100CSNR100-、C3-C6环烷基或C3-C6环卤代烷基;或者每个L30均独立地为C2-C6烷二基,其中,所述烷二基链可任选地被–C(R110)2-、-C(R110)2C(R110)2-、-C(R110)C(R110)-、-C(R110)2O-、-C(R110)2NR110-、-C≡C-、-O-、-S-、-N(R100)CO-、-N(R100)CO2-、-NR110-、-CON(R100)-、-CO-、-CO2-、-O(C=O)-、-O(C=O)N(R100)-、-SO2-、-N(R100)SO2-或–SO2N(R100)-打断;
每个R70均独立地为氢、卤素、硝基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、-Z、-Y-Z或-X-YZ,其中,所述芳基、杂芳基和杂环基的每个均可任选地被1至4个R70a取代,其中,每个R70a均独立地为芳氧基、芳烷基氧基、芳氧基烷基、芳基C0-C6烷基羧基、C(R110)=C(R110)COOH、氧代、-Z、-Y'-Z或-X-Y-Z,其中,每个R70a均可任选地被1至4个R80取代,并且,其中,每个R80均独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C8卤代烷基、C1-C8卤代烷基(OR110)、C0-C6烷基OR110、C0-C6烷基CON(R110)2、C0-C6烷基COR110、C0-C6烷基COOR110或C0-C6烷基SO2R110;
每个R100均独立地为–R110、-C(=O)R110、-CO2R110或-SO2R110;
每个R110均独立地为卤素、-C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、Cl-C6炔基、-C1-C6卤代烷基或-N(R12)2,其中,可任选地用1至4个R120的自由基取代R110的任一个;
每个R120均独立地为卤素、氰基、硝基、氧代、-B(OR130)、C0-C6烷基N(R13)2、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、(C0-C6烷基)C=O(OR130)、C0-C6烷基OR130、C0-C6烷基COR130、C0-C6烷基SO2R130、Co-C6烷基CON(R13)2、C0-C6烷基CONR130OR130、C0-C6烷基SO2N(R130)2、C0-C6烷基SR130、C0-C6卤代烷基OR130、C0-C6烷基CN、-C0-C6烷基N(R13)2、-NR13SO2R13或-OC0~6烷基COOR130;
每个R130均独立地为氢、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基或C2-C6烯基;
每个R140均独立地为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、C0-C6烷基CON(R110)o、C0-C6烷基CONR110R10、C0~C6烷基OR110或C0-C6烷基COOR110;并且
每个R150均独立地为氢、卤素、OR130、(C1-C6)烷基或(C1-C6)卤代烷基,其中每个烷基均可任选地被各自独立地为卤素、氰基、硝基、叠氮基、OR130、C(O)R130、C(O)OR13C(O)N(R130)2、N(R130)2、N(R130)C(O)R130、N(R130)S(O)2R130、-OC(O)OR130、OC(O)N(R130)2、N(R130)C(O)OR130、N(R130)C(O)N(R130)、SR130、S(O)R130、S(O)2R'或S(O)2N(R130)2的至少一个基团取代;或者两个R150(键合到相同或不同的原子)可合起来形成C3~C6环烷基;
每个X均独立地为-O-、-S-或-N(R100)-;
每个Y均独立地为-[C(R150)2]p-或-C2-C6烯基,其中,p为1、2、3、4、5或6;
每个Y均'独立地为-[C(R150)2]p-、-C2-C6烯基、C3-C8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述环烷基或杂环基可任选地被1至3个Z基团取代;
每个Z均独立地为-H、卤素、-OR110、-SR110、-C(=O)R110、-C(=O)OR110、-C(=O)N(R110)2、-N(R100)2、-N3、-NO2、-C(=N-OH)R110、-C(=S)N(R110)2、-CN、-S(=O)R110、-S(=O)N(R110)2、-S(=O)OR110、-S(=O)2R110、S(=O)2N(R110)2、-NR110COR110、-N(R110)C(=O)N(R110)2、-N(R110)COOR110、-N(R110)S(=O)2R110、-C(=O)N(R110)N(R110)2、-C(=O)N(R110)(OR110)、-OC(=O)-R110、-OC(=O)-OR110,或-OC(=O)-N(R110)2;并且
M和n的每个均独立地为0、1、2、3、4、5或6。
在一些实施方式中,化学式IV的化合物具有化学式V或VI的结构:
在其它实施方式中,化学式VI的化合物具有化学式VII的结构:
在另一些其它实施方式中,化学式VI的化合物具有化学式VIII的结构:
在另一些实施方式中,化学式VI的化合物具有化学式IX的结构:
因此,可用于本发明的方法中的化学式IV的化合物包括但不限于具有下面显示的结构的化合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐:
以及
选自包括下列的列表:
33 2-(1-(3氯代-3'-氟代-4'-(羟甲基)-5'-(甲基磺酰基)联苯基-4-基)-2-(2-(2,6二氯苯基)丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇;34 2-(2-(2(2-氯代-3-氟代苯基)丙-2-基)-1-(3'-氟代-4'-(羟甲基)-5'(甲基磺酰基)联苯基-4-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇;352-(2-(2(2,6-二氯苯基)丙-2-基)-1-(3'-氟代-4'-(羟甲基)-5'(甲基磺酰基)联苯基-4-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇;36 2-(2-(2(2,6-二氯苯基)丙-2-基)-1-(3,3'-二氟代-4'-(羟甲基)-5'(甲基磺酰基)联苯基-4-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇;和37 2-(2-[1(2,6-二氯苯基)乙基]-1-[3,3'-二氟代-4'-(羟甲基)-5'(甲基磺酰基)联苯基-4-基]-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇。化合物12还称为WO2010 0138598实施例9。化合物38还称为WO2007 002563实施例19。化合物39还称为WO20120135082中已知。
可如通过引用合并于本文的PCT公开No.US2010/0069367和WO2010/138598中所述合成化学式IV的化合物。
可用于治疗和/或预防转移的LXR激动剂可为化合物24或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另外的实施方式中,可在由下述组成的列表中的PCT中公开发现用于治疗和/或预防转移的化合物:WO2006/094034,WO2008/049047、WO2009/020683、WO2009/086138、WO2009/086123、WO2009/086130、WO2009/086129、WO2007/002559、WO2007/002563、WO2007/081335、WO2006/017055、WO2006/102067、WO2009/024550、US2006/0074115、US2006/0135601、WO2009/021868、WO2009/040289、WO2007/047991、WO2007/050425、WO2006/073363、WO2006/073364、WO2006/073365、WO2006/073366、WO2006/073367、US2009/0030082、WO2008/065754、JP2008/179562、WO2007/092065、US2010/0069367、US7998995、US7247748、WO2010/138598、US7365085、US75776215、US63136503、US2004/0072868、US2005/0107444、US2005/0113580、US2005/0131014、US2005/0282908、US2009/0286780,其通过引用并入本文。
首先被多个团体大致同时发现的LXRα和LXRβ(Apfel et al.,1994;Willy etal.,1995;Song et al.,1994;Shinar et al.,1994;Teboul et al.,1995)属于被胆固醇内源地活化的细胞核激素受体家族,并且其被氧化的衍生物调节涉及维持葡萄糖、胆固醇和脂肪酸代谢的基因的转录(Janowski et al.,1996;Calkin and Tontonoz,2012)。考虑到脂质代谢和癌细胞生长之间复杂的联系(Cairns et al.,2011),LXRβ在黑素瘤中广泛地表达不可能是巧合(coincidental),允许黑素瘤细胞合成脂质和脂质体颗粒,以维持它们的生长。然而,同时,这样的稳定的基础表达水平使得LXRβ成为理想的治疗靶点,如黑素瘤细胞对LXRβ活性治疗的广泛的响应所例证的。
化合物已经显示对LXRβ或LXRα有选择性。该选择性可允许提高的活性和/或减少脱靶效应(off target effects)。表1中显示了对LXRβ或LXRα有选择性的化合物的实例。
表1.所选择地抗LXRα和LXRβ的化合物的EC50值
如文中使用,LXR激动剂对LXRα和LXRβ的活性是指如使用通过引用合并于本文的Spencer et al.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2001,44,886-897中描述的配体敏感检测(ligand sensing assay,LiSA)测量的活性。在一些实施方式中,LXR激动剂在配体敏感检测中具有小于1μM的EC50(例如0.5nm至500nM,10nM至100nM)。例如,可使用具有对LXRβ的活性比对LXRα的激动剂活性大至少3倍的LXRβ激动剂进行本发明的方法,或具有比LXRα的激动剂活性大至少10倍的对于LXRβ活性,或者具有比LXRα的激动剂活性大至少100倍的对于LXRβ活性,或者具有比LXRα的激动剂活性大至少3倍以内的对于LXRβ活性的LXRβ激动剂。LiSA检测中,术语“更大的活性”是指较小的EC50。例如,GW3965 2对LXRβ的活性比对LXRα(EC50=190)的活性大大约6倍(EC50=30)。
如文中使用,术语“提高ApoE体外表达的水平”是指某些LXR激动剂能够在小于5μM的浓度(例如,在100nM至2μM的浓度,在小于或等于1μM的浓度),在实施例21的qPCR检测中,提高ApoE的表达水平2.5倍。LXR激动剂体外呈现的此效果可高度有效地用于本发明的方法中。
本申请中使用的术语“烷基”涉及饱和的分支的或不分支的脂族单价取代基。烷基取代剂具有1~100个碳原子(例如,1~22个碳原子,1~10个碳原子,1~6个碳原子,1~3个碳原子)。因此,烷基取代基的实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基和正己基。
术语“烷氧基”表示具有化学式–OR的化学取代基,其中,除非另外说明,R是可任选地为取代的C1~C6烷基。在一些实施方式中,烷基可被取代,例如,烷氧基可具有文中限定的1、2、3、4、5或6个取代基。
如文中定义,术语“烷氧烷基”表示杂烷基,即所述为烷氧基取代的烷基。示例性的未取代的烷氧烷基包括2~12个碳。在一些实施方式中,烷基和烷氧基的每个均可进一步被文中限定的用于各个基团的1、2、3或4个取代基取代。
如文中使用,术语“环烷基”是指单环、双环或三环取代基,其可饱和或部分饱和,即具有一个或多个双键。单环取代基由包含3~8个碳原子的饱和的环状烃基示例。单环环烷基取代基的实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环庚基和环辛基。双环稠合的环烷基取代基由稠合到另一个环烷基环的环烷基环示例。双环环烷基取代基的实例包括但不限于萘烷、1,2,3,7,8,8a-六氢化萘等。三环环烷基取代基由稠合到另外的环烷基取代基的环烷基双环稠合环示例。
本申请中使用的术语“烯基”涉及饱和的分支的或不分支的二价脂肪族取代基(例如,烯基取代基具有1~6个碳原子、1~3个碳原子)。因此,烯基取代基的实例包括亚甲基、亚乙基、三亚甲基、亚丙基、四亚甲基、异亚丙基、五亚甲基和六亚甲基。
本申请中使用的术语“亚烯基或烯基”是在两个相邻的碳原子之间具有双键的不饱和的分支或未分支的脂族二价取代基(例如,亚烯基取代基具有2~6个碳原子,2~4个碳原子)。因此,亚烯基取代基的实例包括但不限于亚乙烯基、亚1-丙烯基、亚2-丙烯基、甲基亚乙烯基、亚1-丁烯基、亚2-丁烯基、亚3-丁烯基、2-甲基-1-亚丙烯基、2-甲基-2-亚丙烯基、亚2-亚戊烯基、2-亚己烯基。
本申请中使用的术语“亚炔基或炔基”是在两个相邻的碳原子之间具有三键的不饱和的分支的或未分支的脂族二价取代基(例如,亚炔基取代基具有2~6个碳原子,2~4个碳原子)。亚炔基取代基的实例包括但不限于亚乙炔基、亚1-丙炔基、亚1-丁炔基、亚2-丁炔基、亚1-戊炔基、亚2-戊炔基、亚3-戊炔基和亚2-己炔基。
本申请中使用的术语“亚二烯基”是在两个相邻的碳原子之间具有两个双键的不饱和的分支的或未分支的脂族二价取代基(例如亚二烯基取代基具有4~10个碳原子)。因此,亚二烯基取代基的实例包括但不限于亚2,4-戊二烯基、亚2,4-己二烯基、4-甲基-亚2,4-戊二烯基、亚2,4-庚二烯基、亚2,6-庚二烯基、3-甲基-亚2,4-己二烯基、亚2,6-辛二烯基、3-甲基-亚2,6-庚二烯基、2-甲基-亚2,4-庚二烯基、亚2,8-壬二烯基、亚3-甲基-2,6-辛二烯、亚2,6-癸二烯基、亚2,9-癸二烯和3,7-二甲基-亚2,6-辛二烯基取代基。
如文中使用,术语“杂脂族取代基或杂烷基”是指单价或双价取代基,其中,一个或多个碳原子已经被杂原子取代,例如被氧、硫、氮、磷或硅原子取代,其中,氮原子和硫原子可任选地被氧化,并且氮杂原子可任选地被季铵化。杂原子O、N和S可位于杂脂族取代基的内部的任何位置。实例包括-CH2-CH2-O-CH3、-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3、-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)-CH3、-CH2-S-CH2-CH3、-S(O)-CH3、-CH2-CH2-S(O)2-CH3、-CH=CH-O-CH3、-CH2-CH=N-OCH3和-CH=CH-N(CH3)-CH3。杂脂族取代基可为直链的或支链的,和饱和的或不饱和的。
在一个实施方式中,杂脂族取代基具有1~100(例如1~42个碳原子)。在再一个实施方式中,杂脂族取代基为聚乙二醇残基。
如文中使用,“芳香取代基或芳基”指在每个环中多达10个原子的任何稳定的单环、双环或多环碳环,其中,至少一个环是芳香族的,并可被取代或未取代。这样的芳香取代基的实例包括苯基、对甲苯基(4-甲基苯基)、萘基、四氢化萘基、茚基、联苯基、菲基、蒽基或苊基。在芳香取代基是双环,并且一个环为非芳香环的情况下,应理解连接是通过芳香环。
术语“烷基芳基取代基或芳烷基”是指如上面所述的烷基取代基,其中,到其中包含的氢的一个或多个键被上述到芳基取代基的键所取代。应理解,如果本发明的化合物通过来自烷基取代基的键,则芳烷基连接到羰基。芳烷基取代基的实例包括但不限于苄基(苯甲基)、对三氟甲基苄基(4-三氟甲基苯甲基)、1-苯乙基、2-苯乙基、3-苯丙基、2-苯丙基等。
如文中使用的术语“杂芳基取代基或杂芳基”表示每个环中多达10个原子的稳定的单环、双环或多环的环,其中,至少一个环为芳香族的并包含1~4个选自由O、N和S组成的组的杂原子。双环杂芳香族取代基包括如下所述的苯基、吡啶、嘧啶或哒嗪环:
a)稠合到具有一个氮原子的6元芳香族(不饱和)的杂环;
b)稠合到具有两个氮原子的5元或6元芳香族(不饱和)的杂环;
c)稠合到具有一个氮原子以及一个氧原子或硫原子的任一个的5元芳香族(不饱和)的杂环;或
d)稠合到具有一个选自O、N或S的杂原子的5元芳香族(不饱和)的杂环。
该定义范围内的杂芳基包括但不限于:苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋吖基、苯并吡唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并苯硫基、苯并噁唑基、咔唑基、咔啉基、噌啉基(cinnolinyl)、呋喃基、二氢吲哚基、吲哚基、吲唑基、吲嗪基(indolazinyl)、吲唑基、异苯并呋喃基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、萘吡啶基、噁二唑基、噁唑基、噁唑啉、异噁唑啉、氧杂环丁烷基(oxetanyl)、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并吡啶基(pyridopyridinyl)、哒嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、四唑基、四唑吡啶基、噻二唑基、噻唑基、噻吩基、三唑基、氮杂环丁基(azetidinyl)、吖丙啶基、1,4-二氧己环基(1,4-dioxanyl)、六氢吖庚因基(hexahydroazepinyl)、二氢苯并咪唑基、二氢苯并呋喃基、二氢苯并苯硫基、二氢苯并噁唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢咪唑基、二氢吲哚基、二氢异噁唑基、二氢异噻唑基、二氢噁二唑基、二氢噁唑基、二氢吡嗪基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡啶基、二氢嘧啶基、二氢吡咯基、二氢喹啉基、二氢四唑基、二氢噻二唑基、二氢噻唑基、二氢噻吩基、二氢三唑基、二氢氮杂环丁烷基、亚甲基二氧苯甲酰基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、吖啶基、咔唑基、噌嗪基、喹喔啉基、吡唑基、吲哚基、苯并三唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、异恶唑基、异噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、恶唑啉基、异恶唑基、吲哚基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯基、四氢喹啉。在杂芳基取代基是双环,并且一个环是非芳香或不包含杂原子的情况下,应理解分别通过芳环或包含杂原子的环连接。如果杂芳基包含氮原子,则应理解其相应的N氧化物也包括在该定义内。
所述脂族、杂脂族、芳香和杂芳香取代基可任选地被取代一次或多次,用包括但不限于下述的任一种或多种,以相同或不同的方式:脂族、杂脂族、芳香和杂芳香取代基,芳基、杂芳基;烷芳基;杂烷芳基;烷基杂芳基;杂烷基杂芳基;烷氧基;芳氧基;杂烷氧基;杂芳基氧基;烷硫基;芳硫基;杂烷硫基;杂芳硫基;F;CI;Br;I;-OH;-NO2;-CN;-CF3;-CH2CF3;-CHCl2;-CH2OH;-CH2CH2OH;-CH2NH2;-CH2SO2CH3;-C(O)Rx;-CO2(Rx);-CON(Rx)2;-OC(O)Rx;-OCO2Rx;-OCON(Rx)2;-N(RX)2;-S(O)Rx;-S(O)2Rx;-NRx(CO)Rx,其中,独立地出现的每个Rx包括但不限于脂族、脂环族、杂脂族、杂环、芳香族、杂芳香族、芳基、杂芳基、烷芳基、烷基杂芳基、杂烷基芳基或杂烷基杂芳基,其中,上述脂族、脂环族、杂脂族、杂环、烷芳基或烷基杂芳基取代基的任一个为被取代或未取代,分支或未分支,饱和或未饱和,并且,其中,上述以及本文的芳香的、杂芳香的、芳基、杂芳基、(烷基)芳基或(烷基)杂芳基取代基的任一个可为取代的或未取代的。此外,应理解,任何两个合起来的邻近的取代基可表示4、5、6或7元取代或未取代的脂环族或杂环族取代基。通常可用的取代基的另外的实例通过下面显示的具体实施方式说明。
术语“卤素(halo和halogen)”是指选自由F、Cl、Br和I组成的组中的卤素原子。
术语“卤代的烷基取代基,卤代烷基”是指用至少一个卤素原子取代的上述烷基取代基。在实施方式中,卤代烷基取代基全卤化。在另一个实施方式中,全氟烷基是指卤代烷基取代基是化学式CnF2n+1的单价的全氟代取代基。例如,卤代烷基取代基可具有1~6个碳原子(例如1~3个碳原子)。因此,烷基的实例包括三氟代甲基、2,2,2-三氟代乙基、正全氟代丙基、正全氟代丁基和正全氟代戊基。
如文中使用的术语“氨基”表示–N(RN1)2,其中,每个RN1均独立地为H、OH、NO2、N(RN2)2、SO2ORN2、SO2RN2、SORN2、N保护基团、烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、芳基、烷芳基、环烷基、烷基环烷基、杂环(例如杂芳基)、烷基杂环(例如烷基杂芳基),或者两个RN1结合已形成杂环基或N保护基团,并且,其中,每个RN2均独立地为H、烷基或芳基。在优选的实施方式中,氨基为–NH2或–NHRN1,其中RN1独立地为OH、NO2、NH2、NRN2 2、SO2ORN2、SO2RN2、SORN2、烷基或芳基,并且每个RN2均可为H、烷基或芳基。如文中使用,术语“氨基烷基”表示如文中定义的杂烷基,即描述为被文中定义的氨基取代的如文中定义的烷基。烷基和氨基各自可进一步被1、2、3或4个如文中定义的各自的取代基取代。例如,烷基部分可包括氧代(=O)取代基。
如文中使用,术语“芳氧基”是指通过氧原子连接到另一个残基的芳香或杂芳香系统。O-芳基典型的实例为苯氧基。相似地,“芳烷基”是指通过碳链连接到另一个残基的芳香或杂芳香系统,所述碳链为饱和或不饱和,饱和时通常为C1-C8、C1-C6,或更具体地C1-C4或C1-C3,或者当不饱和时为C2-C8、C2-C6、C2-C4或C2-C3,包括其杂化形态。更大确定地,芳烷基因此包括连接到如上面定义的烷基、杂烷基、烯基、杂烯基、炔基或杂炔基部分的如上面定义的芳基或杂芳基。典型的芳烷基可为芳基(C6-C12)烷基(C1-C8)、芳基(C6-C12)烯基(C2-C8)或芳基(C6-C12)炔基(C2-C8),加上其杂化形态。典型的实例为苯基甲基(通常称为苄基)。
芳香或杂芳香基团上通常可选择的取代基独立地包括卤素、CN、NO2、CF3、OCF3、COOR’、CONR’2、OR’、SR’、SOR’、SO2R’、NR’2、NR’(CO)R’、NR’C(O)OR’、NR’C(O)NR’2、NR’SO2NR’2或NR’SO2R’,其中,每个R’均独立地为H,或者可任选地为选自烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基、杂烯基、杂炔基、杂芳基和芳基(全部如上面所定义)的取代的基团;或者取代基可任选地为选自烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基、杂烯基、杂炔基、芳基、杂芳基、O-芳基、O-杂芳基和芳基烷基的取代的基团。
非芳香基团(例如烷基、烯基和炔基)上可选择的取代基通常选自适于芳香或杂芳香基团的取代基相同的列表,除了文中另外注明。非芳香基还可包含选自=O和=NOR’的取代基,其中,R’为H或可任选地为选自烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基、杂烯基、杂炔基、杂芳基和芳基(全部如上面所定义的)的取代的基团。
通常,取代基(例如烷基、烯基、炔基或芳基(包括上面定义的全部杂化形态)自身可任选地被其它取代基取代。这些取代基的性质与上述基本结构上的取代基引用的那些性质相似。因此,当取代基的实施方式为烷基时,该烷基可任选地被列为取代基的剩余取代基取代,请在这具有化学意义,并且请在,这不破坏烷基本身的大小限制;例如被烷基或烯基取代的烷基可简单地扩大这些实施方式的碳原子的上限,并且不被包括。然而,可包括被芳基、氨基、卤素等取代的烷基。例如,当基团被取代时,基团可被1、2、3、4、5或6个取代基取代。可选择的取代基包括但不限于:C1-C6烷基或杂芳基、C2-C6烯基或杂烯基、C2-C6炔基或杂炔基、卤素;芳基、杂芳基、叠氮基(-N3)、硝基(-NO2)、氰基(-CN)、酰氧基(-OC(=O)R’)、酰基(-C(=O)R’)、烷氧基(-OR’)、氨基(-NR’C(=O)R”或–C(=O)NRR’)、氨基(-NRR’)、羧酸基(-CO2H)、羧酸酯(-CO2R’)、氨基甲酰(-OC(=O)NR’R”或-NRC(=O)OR’)、羟基(-OH)、异氰基(-NC)、磺酸基(-S(=O)2OR)、磺胺基(-S(=O)2NRR’或–NRS(=O)2R’)或磺酰基(-S(=O)2R),其中,R或R’的每个均独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基或杂芳基、C2-C6烯基或杂烯基、2C-6C炔基或杂炔基、芳基或杂芳基。取代的基团可具有,例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9个取代基。
如文中使用,术语“杂环基、杂环或Het”表示环状杂烷基或杂烯基,即例如3元、4元、5元、6元或7元环,除非另外说明,包括一个、两个、三个或四个独立地选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组中的杂原子。5元环具有0至2个双键,并且6元和7元环具有0至3个双键。术语“杂环基”还表示具有桥接的多环结构的杂环化合物,其中,一个或多个碳和/或杂原子桥接单环的两个非相邻的成员,例如奎宁环基。术语“杂环”包括双环、三环和四环基团,其中,上述杂环的任一个稠合到一个、两个或三个碳环,例如芳环、环己烷环、环己烯环、环戊烷环、环戊烯环或另一个单环杂环,例如吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基等。
本发明的一些化合物可包括一个或多个立体异构中心,并因此可以各种同分异构形态存在,例如立体异构体和/或非对映体。因此,本发明的化合物以及其药物组合物可为单个的对映异构体、非对映异构体或几何异构体的形态,或可为立体异构体的混合物的形态。在某些实施方式中,本发明的化合物为对映体纯化合物。在某些其它实施方式中,提供了立体异构体或非对映异构体的混合物。此外,当本发明的混合物以互变异构体的形态存在时,文中包含每种互变异构体。
此外,文中所述的某些化合物可具有一个或多个以Z或E同分异构体存在的双键,除非另外表明。本发明还包括基本不含有其它异构体的单个异构体的化合物,以及备选地,作为各种同分异构体的混合物,例如立体异构体的外消旋混合物。除了上述化合物自身,本发明还包括这些化合物的药学上可接受的衍生物,并且所述组合物包括一种或多种本发明的化合物以及一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂或添加剂。
处理方法
如文中所述,鉴定miR-1908、miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和CTGF为黑素瘤中转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植的内源转移促进子,而DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、LXR和miR7的功能为同一过程的转移抑制子或抑制物。此外,发现这些miRNA会聚地靶向ApoE和热激因子DNAJA4。癌症分泌的ApoE通过活化黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮LRP8受体而分别抑制侵袭和内皮募集。然后,DNAJA4诱导ApoE的表达。这些miRNA强烈地预测了人转移的结果。用靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的锁核酸(LNA)预处理抑制了至多个器官的转移,而这些LNA的治疗性递送显著地抑制了小鼠模型中人黑素瘤细胞的转移。
因此,本发明提供了通过提高受试者中转移抑制子之一的表达水平或活性水平而治疗黑素瘤的方法。其中,通过一种或多种代谢抑制子DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1和LRP8的强制表达或降低miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的一个或多个的表达水平或活性水平,而获得增加。此外,可通过降低一个或多个转移促进子的表达水平或活性水平而获得治疗。
本发明还提供了治疗受试者中血管生成障碍或血管生成疾病的方法。术语“血管生成障碍”、“血管生成的疾病”和“血管生成疾病”在文中可交换地使用,并指以病理性血管生成为特征的疾病。以病理性血管生成为特征的疾病是指其中反常的或异常的血管生成单独或与其它结合促成了疾病的原因、起源或症状的疾病。该病症的实例包括各种癌症(例如血管化的肿瘤)、眼科疾病、炎症和其它。
可用所述方法治疗的典型的血管化的肿瘤包括实体瘤,特别是从上皮组织中发展而来的恶性肿瘤(carcinomas),其需要供应氧和营养的血管组分。示例性实体瘤包括但不限于肺癌、乳腺癌、骨癌、卵巢癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、喉癌、食道癌、睾丸癌、肝癌、腮腺癌、胆道癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、宫颈癌、子宫癌、子宫内膜癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、小细胞癌、黑素瘤、胶质瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、卡波济肉瘤、肉瘤。
除了癌症,还可用上述方法治疗大量疾病和病症。实例包括关节炎、风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病性视网膜病变、老年性黄斑变性、格雷夫斯病、血管再狭窄(包括血管形成术后的再狭窄)、动静脉畸形(AVM)、脑膜瘤、血管瘤、新生血管性青光眼、慢性肾病、糖尿病性肾病、多囊性肾病、间质性肺病、肺动脉高血压、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、肺气肿、自身免疫性肝炎、慢性炎症性肝病、肝硬化、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、红斑痤疮和基底细胞癌。
其它治疗的靶标包括例如美国申请2009004297、20090175791和20070161553中描述的那些,例如血管纤维瘤、动脉粥样硬化斑块、角膜移植新血管形成、血友病性关节炎、增生性瘢痕、奥-韦伯综合征、化脓性肉芽肿晶状体后纤维增生症、硬皮病、沙眼、血管粘连、滑膜炎、皮炎、其它各种炎性疾病和病症及子宫内膜异位症。
转移抑制子的强制性表达
上述转移抑制子(例如DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8和LXR)的多肽和编码所述多肽的核酸均可用于实施本发明。当可使用许多多肽制剂时,优选高度纯化或分离的多肽。文中可交换地使用的术语“肽”、“多肽”和“蛋白质”,以描述聚合物中的氨基酸的排列。除了稀有氨基酸以及合成的氨基酸类似物,肽、多肽或蛋白质可由标准的20种天然产生的氨基酸组成。它们可为氨基酸的任何链,不考虑长度或翻译后修饰(例如糖基化或磷酸化)。
“本发明”的多肽包括重组或合成产生的任何上述转移抑制子的融合或嵌合的形式,具有所述网络涉及的特定的结构域或部分。该术语还包括具有增加的氨基末端蛋氨酸(用于在原核细胞中表达)的多肽。
在本发明的范围内,融合蛋白包括一条或多条上述序列以及异源序列。“嵌合的”或“融合的”是指不同来源的氨基酸序列通过它们的编码核苷酸序列在阅读框内的组合而在一条多肽链中组合。该术语明确地包括内部融合,即除了融合到其一个末端,在多肽链内插入不同来源的序列。异源的多肽、核酸或基因是起源于外来物种的一种,或者如果来自相同的物种,则与其原型相比,大幅地被修饰。两个融合的结构域或序列如果在天然产生的蛋白质或核酸中彼此不邻近,则彼此异源。
“分离的”或“纯化的”多肽是指已经从与它天然关联的其它蛋白质、脂质和核酸分离的多肽。多肽可构成纯化制剂的干重的至少10%(即10%和100%之间任何的百分比,例如20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、85%、90%、95%和99%)。可通过任何合适的标准方法,例如通过柱色谱、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳或HPLC分析测量纯度。可从天然来源纯化,通过重组DNA技术或通过化学方法生产本发明中描述的分离的多肽。
“重组的”多肽是指通过重组DNA技术产生的多肽;即由编码期望的多肽的外源DNA构建物转化的细胞产生。“合成的”多肽是指通过化学合成制备的多肽。涉及例如细胞、核酸、蛋白质或载体时,术语“重组的”表示细胞、核酸、蛋白质或载体已经通过引入外源核酸或蛋白质或者改变天然核酸或蛋白质而被修饰,或者细胞来自这样修饰的细胞。
“过表达”是指引入到宿主细胞的核酸编码的RNA或多肽的表达,其中,所述RNA或多肽或蛋白质通常不存在于宿主细胞中,或者,其中,RNA或多肽以比编码RNA或多肽的内源基因通常表达高的水平存在于所述宿主细胞中。
上述多肽的每条的氨基酸组成可变化,而不破坏它们的功能-上调上述网络的能力(例如,提高ApoE/LRP信号通路的激活水平),从而抑制到多个器官的转移。例如,它可包含一个或多个保守的氨基酸取代。“保守的氨基酸取代”是氨基酸残基被具有相似侧链的氨基酸残基取代。在本领域中已经定义了具有相似的侧链的氨基酸残基的家族。这些家族包括具有碱性侧链的氨基酸(例如赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸)、酸性侧链的氨基酸(例如天冬氨酸、谷氨酸)、不带电荷的极性侧链的氨基酸(例如甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、半胱氨酸)、非极性侧链的氨基酸(例如,丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸)、β分支侧链的氨基酸(例如苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸)和芳族侧链的氨基酸(例如酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸)。因此,优选用来自相同侧链家族的另一种氨基酸残基取代上述多肽(例如SEQ ID NO:2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和18)的一条中的预计的非必需氨基酸残基。备选地,可沿全部或部分的序列随机引入突变,例如通过饱和诱变,并且可筛选产生的突变体上调上述网络或ApoE/LRP信号通路以及引发各个细胞反应的能力,以识别保持在下面的实施例中描述的活性的突变体。
本发明的多肽的功能等价物是指多肽的衍生物,例如具有一个或多个点突变、插入、删除、截断的蛋白质、融合蛋白或其组合。它基本保持了上述多肽的活性。本发明的分离多肽可包括SEQ ID NO:2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和18的一条的序列或其功能等价物或其片段。通常,功能等价物与SEQ ID NO:2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和18的一条至少75%(例如75%与100%之间的任何数,包括例如70%、80%、85%、90%、95%和99%)的同一性。
可以重组多肽形式获得本发明描述的多肽。为制备重组多肽,编码它的核酸可连接到编码融合配偶体的另一个核酸,例如谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶(GST)、6×His表位标签或M13基因3蛋白质。产生的融合核酸在合适的宿主细胞中表达可通过本领域中已知的方法分离的融合蛋白。可进一步处理分离的融合蛋白,例如通过酶切,以去除融合配偶体,并获得本发明的重组多肽。备选地,可化学合成本发明的多肽(参见,例如Creighton,“Proteins:Structures and Molecular Principles,”W.H.Freeman&Co.,NY,1983)。对于另外的指南,技术人员可查阅Ausubel等人(Current Protocols in Molecular Biology and ShortProtocols in Molecular Biology,3rd Ed.1987&1995),Sambrook et al.(MolecularCloning,A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Press,Cold Spring Harbor,NY,1989)以及chemical synthesis Gait,M.J.Ed.(Oligonucleotide Synthesis,IRL Press,Oxford,1984)。
归因于它们作为细胞蛋白或膜蛋白的功能,DNAJA4、LRP1、LRP8和LXR可与一条或多条包括细胞穿膜肽(CPP)序列等的氨基酸序列相关联(例如连接到或融合到)。这样,如下面所述的本发明的组合物可包括转运增强子。细胞穿膜肽(CPP)通常由少于30个氨基酸组成,并具有净正电荷。CPP以内吞或受体/能量独立的方式在活的动物细胞中内化。有数类具有各自来源的CPP,由全部由蛋白衍生的CPP经嵌合的CPP到完全合成的CPP。本领域中已知CPP的实例。参见,例如U.S申请No.20090099066和20100279918。已知CPP可递送各自外源蛋白质到各种细胞中。
上述多肽的天然产生的版本、遗传工程版本和化学合成版本全部可用于实施文中公开的本发明。通过重组DNA技术获得的多肽可具有与天然产生的版本相同的氨基酸序列(例如,SEQ ID NO:2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和18的一条)或其功能等价物。它们还包括化学修饰版本。化学修饰多肽的实例包括发生构象改变、增加或删除侧链的多肽,以及已经结合例如聚乙二醇的化合物的那些多肽。一旦通过标准的方法,或根据下面实施例中描述的方法或本领域中已知的其它方法纯化和检测,那么所述多肽可包含在合适的组合物中。
为了表达上述因子,本发明提供了编码上述多肽的任一条的核酸。优选地,分离和/或纯化核苷酸序列。核酸是指DNA分子(例如但不限于cDNA或基因组DNA)、RNA分子(例如但不限于mRNA)或DNA或RNA类似物。可由核苷酸类似物合成DNA或RNA类似物。核酸分子可为单链或双链。“分离的核酸”为其结构与任何天然产生的核酸或天然产生的基因组核酸的任何片段不同的核酸。因此,该术语包括,例如(a)具有天然产生的基因组DNA分子的一部分序列的DNA,但是其两侧均不是其天然产生的生物体的基因组中所述分子的所述部分两侧的编码序列;(b)以产生的分子不与任何天然产生的载体或基因组DNA相同的方式,整合到载体或原核生物或真核生物的基因组DNA中的核酸;(c)分离的分子,例如cDNA、基因组片段、通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)产生的片段或限制酶切片段;和(d)为杂交基因(即编码融合蛋白的基因)的一部分的重组核酸序列。
术语“RNA”、“RNA分子”和“核糖核酸分子”文中可交换使用,并指核糖核苷酸的聚合物。术语“DNA”或“DNA分子”或“脱氧核糖核酸”是指脱氧核糖核苷酸的聚合物。可自然地合成DNA和RNA(例如分别通过DNA复制或DNA的转录)。RNA可被转录后修饰。还可化学合成DNA和RNA。DNA和RNA可为单链(即分别为ssRNA和ssDNA),或多链(例如双链,即分别为dsRNA和dsDNA)。
本发明还提供了具有一个或多个文中所述的核苷酸序列的重组构建物。所述构建物的实例包括载体,例如本发明的核酸序列正向或反向插入其中的质粒或病毒载体。在优选的实施方式中,所述构建物进一步包括调控序列,包括有效地连接到所述序列的启动子。本领域技术人员已知大量的合适的载体和启动子,并且可商购。还在Sambrook等人(2001,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Press)中描述了原核宿主和真核宿主使用的合适的克隆和表达载体。
表达载体的实例包括染色体的、非染色体的和合成的DNA序列,例如猴病毒40(SV40)、细菌质粒、噬菌体DNA、杆状病毒、酵母质粒、衍生自质粒和噬菌体DNA的组合的载体、病毒DNA(例如牛痘、腺病毒、鸡痘病毒)和伪狂犬病,或者它们的衍生物。然而,可使用任何其它载体,只要它可在宿主中复制并存活。可通过各种方法将合适的核酸序列插入到载体中。通常,编码上述多肽的一条的核酸序列可通过本领域已知的方法插入到合适限制性内切酶的位点。这样的方法和相关的亚克隆方法在本领域技术人员的能力范围内。
上述表达载体中的核酸序列优选有效地连接到合适的转录控制序列(启动子),以指导mRNA合成。这样的启动子的实例包括:逆转录病毒长末端(LTR)或SV40启动子,大肠杆菌(E.coli)lac或trp启动子,噬菌体λPL启动子以及其它已知在原核细胞或真核细胞或病毒中控制基因表达的启动子。表达载体还包括用于翻译起始的核糖体结合位点以及转录终止子。载体包括用于扩大表达的合适的序列。此外,优选地,表达载体包括一个或多个可选择的标记基因,以为选择转化的宿主细胞提供表型性状,例如对于真核细胞培养物的二氢叶酸还原酶或抗新霉素,或者例如大肠杆菌中四环素或氨苄青霉素抗性。
可使用包含合适的如文中所述的核酸序列以及合适的启动子或控制序列的载体转化合适的宿主,以允许宿主表达上述多肽。在基因治疗中可使用这样的载体。合适的表达宿主的实例包括细菌细胞(例如大肠杆菌、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium))、真菌细胞(酵母)、昆虫细胞(例如果蝇(Drosophila)和草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)(Sf9))、动物细胞(例如CHO、COS和HEK 293)、腺病毒和植物细胞。合适宿主的选择在本领域技术人员的能力范围内。在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了通过用具有编码所述多肽的一条的核酸序列的表达载体转染宿主细胞而产生上述多肽的方法。然后,在允许多肽表达的合适的条件下培养宿主细胞。
转移促进子(promoter)的降低的表达或活性水平
如上所述,在黑素瘤治疗中可使用降低miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或CTGF的表达或活性水平的抑制子。抑制剂(即抑制子)可为核酸、多肽、抗体或小分子化合物。在一个实例中,抑制子在转录、mRNA稳定性、翻译、蛋白质稳定性/降解、蛋白修饰和蛋白质结合的水平起作用。
核酸抑制子可编码靶向上述基因(例如CTGF)的一个或多个的小干扰RNA(例如RNAi剂),并抑制其表达或活性。术语“RNAi剂”是指RNA或其类似物,其具有与靶RNA充分的序列互补性,以指导RNA干扰。实例还包括可用于生成RNA的DNA。RNA干扰(RNAi)是指序列特异或选择的过程,通过该过程下调了靶分子(例如靶基因、蛋白或RNA)。通常,干扰RNA(“iRNA”)是双链的短干扰(siRNA)、短发卡RNA(shRNA)或单链微小RNA(miRNA),其导致特定mRNA的催化降解,还可用于降低或抑制基因表达。
术语“短干扰RNA”或“siRNA”(还称为“小干扰RNA”)是指RNA剂,优选双链制剂,具有约10~50个核苷酸的长度,优选约15~25个核苷酸的长度,更优选约17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24或25个核苷酸的长度,所述链任选地具有包括例如1、2或3个突出的核苷酸(或核苷酸类似物)的突出的末端,其能够指导或介导RNA干扰。天然产生的siRNA通过细胞的RNAi机制(例如Dicer或其同系物)由更长的dsRNA分子(例如>25个核苷酸的长度)产生。
术语“miRNA”或“microRNA”是指RNA剂,优选单链剂,具有约10~50个核苷酸的长度,优选约15~25个核苷酸之间的长度,更优选约17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24或25个核苷酸的长度,其能够指导或介导RNA干扰。天然产生的miRNA通过Dicer由茎环前体RNA(即pre-miRNA)产生。如文中使用,术语“Dicer”包括Dicer以及能够加工dsRNA结构成siRNA、miRNA、siRNA样或miRNA样分子的任何Dicer直系同源物或同系物。基于已经发现天然产生的microRNA(或“miRNA”)以短暂的方式(例如在发育的过程中)表达的事实,术语microRNA(或“miRNA”)与术语“小的短暂RNA”(或“stRNA”)可交换地使用。
如文中使用,术语“shRNA”是指具有茎环结构的RNA剂,其包括互补序列的第一区域和第二区域,互补的程度以及区域的方向足以使碱基对出现在区域之间,第一区域和第二区域被环区域连接,环由环区域中的核苷酸(或核苷酸类似物)之间缺少碱基配对而产生。
在本发明的范围内,利用以RNA分子(例如在细胞内)的降解为特征的RNAi。由酶促RNA诱导的沉默复合体(RISC)催化降解。RNA剂具有足以与靶RNA序列(例如上述CTGF基因)互补的序列以指引RNAi的意思是RNA剂具有与靶RNA序列至少50%的同源性(例如50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%、98%、99%或100%的同源性),使得两条序列彼此充分地互补,以杂交,并引发利用RNAi机制(例如RISC复合物)或过程的对靶RNA的破坏。RNA剂具有“足以与靶RNA序列充分互补的序列,以指引RNAi”还意味着RNA剂具有通过RNAi机制或过程足以引发靶RNA的翻译抑制的序列。RNA剂还可具有充分地与靶DNA序列编码的靶RNA序列互补的序列,使得靶DNA序列染色体(chromatically)沉默。换句话说,RNA剂具有足以诱导转录的基因沉默的序列,例如通过在靶DNA序列或其附近引起染色质结构的变化而下调靶基因或其附近的基因表达。
可使用本领域中已知的聚合的、可生物降解的微粒或微胶囊递送装置递送上述多核苷酸。获得多核苷酸的吸收的另一种方式是使用标准方法制备的脂质体。多核苷酸可单独结合到这些递送载体中,或与组织特异的抗体共结合。备选地,可制备由通过静电力或共价力连接到多聚-L-赖氨酸的质粒或其它载体组成的分子缀合物。多聚-L-赖氨酸结合到可结合到靶细胞上的受体的配体(Cristiano,et al.,1995,J.Mol.Med.73:479)。备选地,可通过使用本领域中已知的组织特异的转录调控元件获得组织特异的靶向。递送裸露的DNA(即不用递送载体)到肌肉内、皮肤内或皮下位点是获得体内表达的另一种方式。
可利用本领域中公知的方法设计siRNA、miRNA和asRNA(反义RNA)分子。可使用本领域中已知的程序(包括但不限于由AMBION,Inc.和DHARMACON,Inc在网上维护的那些)设计具有足以提供特异地降解任何RNA所需要的序列特异性的同源性的siRNA、miRNA和asRNA分子。本领域技术人员可常规地进行数种用于优化siRNA、miRNA和asRNA序列的设计种类的系统检测。设计短的干扰核酸分子的考虑包括但不限于生物物理、热动力学和结构的考虑,在正义链的特定位置的碱基偏好性以及同源性。本领域中熟知这些考虑,并提供了设计上述RNA分子的指南。
本发明的反义多核苷酸(优选DNA)可为任何反义多核苷酸,只要它具有与编码上述网络的成分的基因的碱基序列互补或实质上互补的碱基序列。所述碱基序列与编码多肽的基因的互补物具有至少约70%、80%、90%或95%的同源性。可使用DNA合成仪合成这些反义DNA。
本发明所述的反义DNA可包含带电荷的或修饰的糖、碱基或连接。还可以特定的形式(例如脂质体、微球)提供所述反义DNA以及上述RNAi剂,或者可用于基因治疗,或者可以连接的部分组合提供。这样的连接的部分包括多聚阳离子(例如作用为磷酸骨架的电荷中和剂的聚赖氨酸)或疏水部分(例如增强与细胞膜的相互作用或提高核酸的摄取的脂质(例如磷脂、胆固醇等))。将被连接的脂质的优选实例为胆固醇或其衍生物(例如胆固醇氯甲酸酯、胆酸等)。这些部分可连接到核酸的3'或5'端,并可通过碱基、糖或分子内核酸连接连接其上。其它部分可为特异地置于核酸的3'或5'端的端封基团,以防止被例如核酸外切酶、RNAase等降解。这样的端封基团包括但不限于本领域中已知的羟基保护基团,包括醇类,例如聚乙二醇、四乙二醇等。可使用本发明的基于细胞系或动物的基因表达系统体内或体外检测反义DNA的抑制作用。
可在用于体外或体内递送到细胞的载体中克隆编码上述一种或多种多肽的核酸或RNAi剂。对于体内用途,递送可靶向特定的组织或器官(例如皮肤)。靶向递送涉及使用在全身施予后靶向特定器官或组织的载体(例如器官归巢(organ-homing)肽)。例如,载体可具有生物素结合蛋白的共价缀合物和靶向肝脏特异的蛋白质的单克隆抗体。
在某些实施方式中,本发明提供了用于体内表达上述转移抑制子的方法。这样的方法将通过引入编码所述因子的任一种的核酸序列到需要抑制内皮募集、癌症细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的人或非人动物的细胞或组织中而获得其治疗效果。可使用充分表达载体(例如嵌合病毒或胶体分散系统)实现核酸序列的递送。优选的核酸序列的治疗性递送为使用靶向的脂质体。
可用于文中公开的基因治疗的各种病毒载体包括腺病毒、腺伴随病毒(AAV)、疱疹病毒、牛痘,或优选地,RNA病毒,例如逆转录病毒和慢病毒。优选地,所述逆转录病毒载体为慢病毒或鼠和禽逆转录病毒的衍生物。其中可插入单个外源基因的逆转录病毒载体的实例包括但不限于:莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒(MoMuLV)、Harvey鼠肉瘤病毒(HaMuSV)、鼠类乳癌病毒(MuMTV)和劳斯氏肉瘤病毒(RSV)。许多另外的逆转录病毒载体可整合多个基因。
全部这些载体可转移或包含选择性标记的基因,使得可识别和产生转化的细胞。可通过连接例如糖、糖脂或蛋白质而制造靶特异性的逆转录病毒载体。通过使用靶特异性抗体或在靶中具有受体的激素而实现优选的靶向。本领域技术人员理解,特异的多核苷酸序列可插入到逆转录病毒基因组中,或连接到病毒包膜,以允许逆转录病毒载体的靶特异性递送。
用于递送核酸的另一个靶向系统为胶状分散系统。胶状分散系统包括高分子复合物、纳米胶囊、微球、珠子,以及基于脂质的系统(包括水包油乳剂、微胶粒、混合的微胶粒和脂质体)。本发明优选的胶体系统为脂质体。脂质体为用作体外和体内递送载体的人造膜载体。RNA、DNA和完整的病毒体可在水性环境内封装并以生物活性形态递送到细胞。本领域中已知使用脂质体载体有效转移基因的方法。脂质体的组成通常为磷脂(通常与类固醇,特别是胆固醇结合)的组合。还可使用其它磷脂或其它脂质。脂质体的物理特性依赖于pH、离子强度和二价阳离子的存在。
用在脂质体生产中的脂质的实例包括磷脂酰化合物,例如磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰-乙醇胺、鞘脂类、脑苷脂类和神经节苷脂。示例的磷脂包括卵磷脂酰胆碱、二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱和双硬脂酰-磷脂酰胆碱。脂质体的靶向还可能基于,例如器官特异性、细胞特异性和细胞器特异性并且是本领域中已知的。
当体内使用时,期望使用可逆的递送表达系统。为此,可使用Cre-loxP或FLP/FRT系统和其它相似的系统以可逆地递送-表达一种或多种上述核酸。参见WO2005/112620、WO2005/039643、美国申请20050130919、20030022375、20020022018、20030027335和20040216178。具体地,可使用美国申请NO.20100284990中描述的可逆的递送-表达系统,以提供选择性的或紧急的停止(shut-off)。
在另一个实施例中,上述抑制子可为多肽或蛋白质复合体,例如抗体。术语“抗体”是指免疫球蛋白分子或其免疫活性部分,即抗原结合部分。实例包括但不限于具有至少一条或两条重链(H)可变区(VH)以及至少一条或两条轻链(L)可变区(VL))的蛋白质。所述VH和VL区域可进一步分成称为“互补决定区”(“CDR”)的高可变性的区域,中间散布称为“框架区”(FR)的更保守的区域。如文中使用,术语“免疫球蛋白”是指由一条或多条基本由免疫球蛋白基因编码的多肽组成的蛋白质。已知的人免疫球蛋白基因包括κ、λ、α(IgA1和IgA2)、γ(IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4)、δ、ε和μ恒定区基因,以及无数的免疫球蛋白可变区基因。
术语抗体的“抗原结合部分”(或“抗体部分”)是指保持特异地结合抗原的能力的一个或多个抗体片段(例如LRP1、LRP8和CTGF)。已经显示,可通过全长的抗体的片段执行抗体的抗原结合功能。术语抗体的“抗原结合部分”包括的结合片段的实例包括(i)Fab片段,其是由VL、VH、CL和CH1结构域组成的单价片段;(ii)F(ab')2片段,其是包括通过在铰链区的二硫键连接的两个Fab片段的二价片段;(iii)由VH和CH1结构域组成的Fd片段;(iv)由抗体单臂的VL和VH结构域组成的Fv片段,(v)dAb片段(Ward et al.,(1989)Nature 341:544-546),其由VH结构域组成;以及(vi)分离的互补决定区(CDR)。此外,虽然Fv片段的两个结构域VL和VH由单独的基因编码,可使用重组方法通过合成的连接子连接它们,合成的连接子使它们成为其中VL和VH区域配对以形成单价分子的的单个蛋白质链(称为单链Fv(scFv);参见例如Bird et al.(1988)Science 242:423-426;和Huston et al.(1988)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA85:5879-5883)。这样的单链抗体也包含在术语抗体的“抗原结合部分”的范围内。使用本领域技术人员已知的常规技术获得这些抗体片段,并筛选片段用于以与完整抗体相同的方式使用。
可使用本领域中已知的方法制造特异性结合上述靶蛋白质(例如CTGF)的一种的抗体。该抗体可为多克隆或单克隆抗体。在一个实施方式中,抗体可由组产生,例如通过噬菌体展示或组合方法产生。在另一个实施方式中,抗体是全人抗体(例如,在小鼠中产生的抗体,所述小鼠已经被基因工程化,以产生来自人免疫球蛋白序列的抗体)、人源化抗体或非人类抗体,例如但不限于啮齿动物(小鼠或大鼠)、山羊、灵长类动物(例如但不限于猴)、兔或骆驼抗体。产生抗体的人源化版本的方法的实例包括但不限于CDR移植(Queen etal.,美国专利No.5,585,089;Riechmann et al.,Nature 332:323(1988))、链替换(美国专利No.5,565,332);和镶合(veneering)或重塑(resurfacing)(EP 592,106;EP 519,596);Padlan,Molecular Immunology 28(415):489-498(1991);Studnicka et al.,ProteinEngineering 7(6):805-814(1994);Roguska.et al.,PNAS 91:969-973(1994))。产生全人抗体的方法的实例包括但不限于从表达人免疫球蛋白基因的小鼠中产生抗体,以及使用噬菌体展示技术以产生和筛选人免疫球蛋白基因文库。
“分离的抗体”指基本不含有具有不同的抗原特异性的抗体(例如,特异地结合CTGF的分离的抗体基本不含有特异地结合除了这样的抗原的抗原的抗体)。此外,分离的抗体可基本不含有其它细胞物质和/或化学物质。
如文中使用,术语“单克隆抗体”或“单克隆抗体组合物”是指具有单一分子组成的抗体分子的制备物。单克隆抗体组合物显示单一的结合特异性,以及对特定表位的亲和性。
如文中使用,术语“人抗体”包括具有可变区的抗体,其中,框架区和CDR区均衍生自人种系免疫球蛋白序列。此外,如果抗体包括恒定区,则恒定区也衍生自人种系免疫球蛋白序列。本发明的人抗体可包括非人类种系免疫球蛋白序列编码的氨基酸残基(例如通过体外随机或位点特异诱变或通过体内体细胞突变引入的突变)。然而,如文中使用,术语“人抗体”不包括其中衍生自另一种哺乳动物种类(例如小鼠)的种系的CDR序列已经被移植到人框架序列的抗体。
术语“人单克隆抗体”是指显示单一结合特异性的抗体,其具有其中框架区和CDR区域都衍生自人种系免疫球蛋白序列的可变区。在一个实施方式中,通过杂交瘤(其包括从转基因非人动物(例如转基因小鼠)获得的B细胞产生人单克隆抗体,其具有包括融合到永生化细胞的人重链转基因和轻链转基因的基因组。
如文中使用,术语“重组人抗体”包括通过重组方式制备、表达、创制或分离的全部的人类抗体,例如(a)从转基因或转染色体人免疫球蛋白基因的动物(例如小鼠)或从其制备的杂交瘤(下面进一步描述)分离的抗体,(b)从转化表达人抗体的宿主细胞(例如从转染瘤)分离的抗体,(c)从重组的、组合的人类抗体文库分离的抗体,以及(d)通过涉及人免疫球蛋白基因序列拼接到其它DNA序列的任何其它方式制备、表达、创制或分离的抗体。这样的重组人类抗体具有其中框架区和CDR区衍生自人类种系免疫球蛋白的列的可变区。然而,在某些实施方式中,这样的重组人类抗体可经体外诱变(或者,当使用转基因人类Ig序列的动物时,体内体细胞突变),因此重组抗体的VH和VL区域的氨基酸序列为虽然衍生自人种系VH和VL序列或与人种系VH和VL序列相关,但是可能未天然地存在于体内的人类抗体种系组库(repertoire)中的序列。
如文中使用,“同种型”是指由重链恒定区基因编码的抗体种类(例如IgM或IgG1)。短语“识别抗原的抗体”和“对于抗原特异的抗体”与术语“特异地结合抗原的抗体”在文中可交换地使用。如文中使用,术语IgG抗体的“高亲和力”是指抗体对靶抗原具有10-7M或更小,优选10-8M或更小,更优选10-9M或更小,甚至更优选10-10M或更小的KD。然而,“高亲和力”结合对于其它抗体同种型也可变化。例如,对于IgM同种型的“高亲和力”结合是指抗体具有10-7M或更小,更优选10-8M或更小的KD。
在一个实施例中,组合物包括中和CTGF的单克隆抗体。在一个实施方式中,该抗体可为全人抗体、人源化的抗体或非人类抗体,例如但不限于啮齿动物(小鼠或大鼠)、山羊、灵长类(例如但不限于猴)、兔或骆驼抗体。在一个实施方式中,该单克隆抗体的一个或多个氨基酸可被取代,以改变其物理性质。这些性质包括但不限于结合特异性、结合亲和性、免疫原性和抗体同种型。包含上述抗体的全人类本或人源化版本的药物组合物可用于治疗黑素瘤或防止内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成。
如文中使用,“受试者”是指人或非人类的动物。非人类动物的实例包括全部的脊椎动物,例如哺乳动物(例如非人类的哺乳动物、非人类的灵长类(尤其是更高等的灵长类)、狗、啮齿动物(例如小鼠或大鼠)、豚鼠、猫和兔,以及非哺乳类,例如禽、两栖动物、爬行动物等。在一个实施方式中,受试者是人。在另一个实施方式中,受试者是实验动物或适于作为疾病模型的动物。可通过标准的诊断疾病的技术识别将被治疗病症的受试者。任选地,可通过本领域中已知或者上述治疗前的方法检查受试者的上述miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF的一种或多种的突变、表达水平或活性水平。如果受试者具有基因的特定突变,或者如果基因表达或活性水平例如在来自受试者的样本中大于来自正常人的样本中,则该受试者是用于本发明的治疗的候选。
为证实抑制或治疗,可在给药步骤前/后使用本领域中已知的技术评估和/或核实内皮募集或造成的血管生成的抑制。示例的技术包括血管造影术或动脉造影,其是用于显现身体的血管和器官的内部或内腔的医学成像技术,通常可通过注射无线电不透明的造影剂到血管中并使用基于X射线的技术(例如荧光检查)进行成像而进行。
如文中使用的“治疗”或“处理”是指施予化合物或制剂给患有疾病的受试者,目的为治愈、减轻、缓解、补救、延迟发作、预防或改善所述疾病、疾病的症状、所述病症的继发性疾病状态,或得所述病症的倾向。“有效量”或“治疗有效量”是指化合物或制剂能够在治疗的受试者中产生医学期望的结果的量。可体内或离体进行进行治疗方法,单独地或与其它药物或治疗结合。可在一次或多次给药、应用或剂量中施予治疗有效量,并且不限于具体的剂型或给药路径。
如文中使用,表述“有效量”是指本发明的化合物足以呈现期望的治疗效果的量。需要的确切的量将根据受试者的种类、年龄和一般状况、具体的治疗剂等而在受试者之间变化。为了易于给药以及剂量的均匀,本发明的化合物优选以剂量单位形态配制。如文中使用,表述“剂量单位形式”是指适于被治疗的患者的治疗剂的物理上分开的单位。然而,应理解,应由主治医生在健全的医疗判断的范围内决定本发明的化合物和组合物的总的每日使用。对于任何特定患者或器官的具体的治疗有效剂量水平将依赖于各种因素,包括被治疗的病症以及病症的严重性,使用的具体化合物的抗癌活性,使用的具体的化合物,患者的年龄、体重、总体健康状况、性别和饮食,给药的时间,给药路径,以及使用的具体的化合物的排泄率,治疗的持续时间,与使用的具体化合物结合或一致使用的药物以及本领域中公知的类似因素。
可体内或离体施予治疗剂,单独地或与与其它药物或治疗结合的共施予(即联合疗法)。如文中使用,术语“共施予”或“共施予的”是指施予至少两种制剂或治疗给受试者。例如,在肿瘤(尤其是血管化的恶性肿瘤)的治疗中,可单独使用所述制剂,或与例如化疗、放疗、细胞凋亡、抗血管生成制剂和/或免疫毒素或共凝集配体(coaguligand)结合施予所述制剂。在一些实施方式中,共施予两种或更多种制剂/治疗是并行的。在其它实施方式中,在第二制剂/治疗前施予第一制剂/治疗。本领域技术人员理解,使用的各种制剂/治疗的剂型和/或给药路径可变化。
在体内方法中,施予化合物或制剂给受试者。通常,化合物悬浮在药学可接受的载体(例如,如但不限于生理盐水)中,并口服施予或通过静脉灌注、或皮下注射或植入,肌肉内、鞘内、腹腔内、直肠内、阴道内、鼻内、胃内、气管内或肺内施予。
需要的剂量依赖于给药路径的选择,制剂的性质,患者疾病的性质,受试者的大小、重量、表面积、年龄和性别,正施予的其它药物以及主治医师的判断。合适的剂量在0.01~100mg/kg的范围内。考虑到可用的化合物的变化以及各种给药路径的不同效率,预期到需要的剂量的变化。例如,预期口服给药需要的剂量比通过静脉注射所需的剂量更高。可以使用本领域很好理解的用于优化的标准经验途径来调节这些剂量水平的变化。在合适的递送载体(例如聚合物微粒或可植入装置)中封装化合物可提高递送的效率,特别是对于口服递送。
组合物
在本发明的范围内,组合物包括合适的载体和一种或多种上述治疗剂。组合物可为包括药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物、包括食品可接受的合适载体的食品组合物或包含化妆品可接受的载体的化妆品组合物。
术语“药物组合物”是指活性剂与惰性的或活性的载体的组合,使得所述组合物特别适于用于体内或离体诊断或治疗应用。“药学上可接受的载体”在施予受试者后或施予受试者时不引起不良的生理效应。药物组合物中的载体必须在与活性成分相容并能够稳定它的意义上是“可接受的”。一种或多种增溶剂可用作递送活性化合物的药物载体。药学上可接受的载体的实例包括但不限于生物相容的载体、佐剂、添加剂和稀释剂,以获得可用作剂型的组合物。其它载体的实例包括胶体二氧化硅、硬脂酸镁、纤维素、十二烷基硫酸钠和D&CYellow#10。
如文中使用,术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指健全的医疗判断范围内的那些适用于与人的组织或低等动物接触而无异常的毒性、刺激、变态反应等,并且具有合理的由优点/风险比的盐。本领域中公知胺类、羧酸和其它类型的化合物的药学上可接受的盐。例如,在通过引用合并于本文的S.M.Berge et al.,J.Pharmaceutical Sciences,66:1-19(1977)中详细地描述了药学上可接受的盐。可在最终分离和纯化本发明的化合物的过程中原位制备盐,或者可如下面通常描述的,通过游离的碱或游离的酸官能与合适的试剂反应而单独地制备。例如,游离的碱官能可与合适的酸反应。此外,当本发明的化合物携带酸性部分时,其合适的药学上可接受的盐可包括金属盐,例如碱金属盐,如钠盐或钾盐;以及碱土金属盐,如钙盐或镁盐。药学上可接受的无毒的酸加成盐的实例为用无机酸(例如盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硫酸和高氯酸)或有机酸(例如乙酸、草酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸)或通过使用本领域中使用的其它方法(例如离子交换)形成的氨基的盐。其它药学上可接受的盐包括己二酸盐、藻酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环戊丙酸盐、二葡糖酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、氢碘化物、2-羟基-乙磺酸盐、乳糖醛酸盐、乳酸盐、月桂酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、三甲基乙酸盐、丙酸盐、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、十一烷酸盐、戊酸盐等。代表性的碱金属或碱土金属盐包含钠、锂、钾、钙、镁等。适当时,其它药学上可接受的盐包括无毒的铵、季铵以及使用抗衡离子(例如卤化物、氢氧化物、羧酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、低级烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)形成的胺阳离子。
如上述,本发明的药物组合物另外包括药学可接受载体,如文中使用,其包括任何以及全部的溶剂、稀释剂或其它液体载体、分散系或悬浮助剂、表面活性剂、等渗剂、增稠剂或乳化剂、防腐剂、固体粘结剂、润滑剂等,当适于期望的具体剂型时。Remington’sPharmaceutical Sciences,Sixteenth Edition,E.W.Martin(Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,1980)公开了用于配制药物组合物的各种载体以及用于制备它的已知的技术。除了与本发明的化合物不相容的任何常规载体介质(例如产生任何非期望的生物效应,或者否则与药物组合物的任何其它组分以有毒的方式相互作用)外,其使用预期在本发明的范围内。用作药学上可接受的载体的材料的一些实例包括但不限于糖(例如乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖);淀粉(例如玉米淀粉和马铃薯淀粉);纤维素及其衍生物(例如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素和醋酸纤维素);黄芪胶粉;麦芽;明胶;滑石;赋形剂(例如可可脂和栓剂蜡);油(例如花生油、棉籽油;红花油、芝麻油;橄榄油;玉米油和大豆油);二醇类,例如乙二醇;酯类,例如油酸乙酯和月桂酸乙酯;琼脂;天然的和合成的磷脂,例如大豆和卵黄磷脂、卵磷脂、氢化大豆卵磷脂、二肉豆蔻酰基卵磷脂、二棕榈酰基卵磷脂、双硬脂酰卵磷脂、二油酰卵磷脂、氢化卵磷脂、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、心磷脂、鞘磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE)及其聚乙二醇化的酯(例如DSPE-PEG750和DSPE-PEG2000)、磷脂酸、磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酰丝氨酸。优选的商品级卵磷脂包括以商品名或可得到的那些,并包括Phosal 53MCT、Phosal 50PG、Phosal 75SA、Phospholipon 90H、Phospholipon 90G和Phospholipon 90NG;特别优选大豆磷脂酰胆碱(SoyPC)和DSPE-PEG2000;缓冲剂,例如氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝;海藻酸;无热原水;等渗的盐水;Ringer氏溶液;乙醇和磷酸盐缓冲剂,以及其它无毒的相容的润滑剂,例如十二烷基硫酸钠和硬脂酸镁,以及着色剂、脱模剂、涂布剂、甜味剂、调味剂和芳香剂,根据药剂师的判断,防腐剂和抗氧化剂也可存在于组合物中。
任何上述形态的上述组合物均可用于治疗黑素瘤或文中描述的任何其它疾病或病症。有效量是指需要在被治疗的受试者上产生治疗效果的活性化合物/制剂的量。如本领域技术人员所理解的,有效剂量将根据治疗的疾病的类型、给药路径、赋形剂的使用以及与其它治疗处理共使用的可能性而变化。
本发明的药物组合物可肠胃外、经口、经鼻、经直肠、局部地或经颊施予。如文中使用,术语“肠胃外”是指皮下、皮内、静脉内、肌肉内、关节内、动脉内、滑膜内、胸骨内、鞘内、病灶内或颅内注射以及任何合适的灌注技术。
无菌的可注射组合物可为在无毒的肠道外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的溶液或悬浮液。这样的溶液包括但不限于1,3-丁二醇、甘露醇、水、Ringer氏溶液和等渗的氯化钠溶液。此外,通常使用不挥发油作为溶剂或悬浮介质(例如合成的单甘油酯或甘油二酯)。脂肪酸(例如但不限于油酸及其甘油酯衍生物)用于制备注射物,如同天然的药物可接受的油类,例如但不限于橄榄油或蓖麻油,其聚氧乙烯化形式。这些油溶液或悬浮液还可包括长链醇稀释剂或分散剂,例如但不限于羧甲基纤维素或相似的分散剂。其它通常使用的表面活性剂,例如但不限于吐温类或Spans或其它相似的乳化剂或生物利用度增强剂,欺通常用于制造药学上可接受的固体、液体或其它可用于本发明的目的的剂型。
用于口服给药的组合物可为任何口服可接受的剂型,包括胶囊剂、片剂、乳剂和水悬浮剂、分散剂和溶液剂。在片剂的情况下,通常使用的载体包括但不限于乳糖和玉米淀粉。通常还加入润滑剂,例如但不限于硬脂酸镁。对于胶囊形式的口服给药,有用的稀释剂包括但不限于乳糖和干燥的玉米淀粉。当口服施予水悬浮液或乳剂时,活性成分可悬浮或溶解于与乳化剂或悬浮剂组合的油相中。如果期望,可加入某些甜味剂、调味剂或着色剂。
根据本发明的局部投药的药物组合物可配制为溶液剂、软膏剂、霜剂、悬浮剂、洗剂、粉剂、糊剂、凝胶剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂或油剂。备选地,局部制剂可为浸有活性成分的贴剂或包扎材料(其可任选地包括一种或多种赋形剂或稀释剂)。在一些优选的实施方式中,局部制剂包括通过皮肤或其它受累区域增强活性成分的吸收或渗透的材料。
局部组合物包括安全和有效量的适于应用于皮肤的皮肤学上可接受的载体。“美容学上可接受的”或“皮肤病学上可接受的”组合物或组分是指适于与人类皮肤接触的组合物或成分,而没有不适当的毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、变态反应等。载体使得活性剂和可任选的成分以合适的浓度递送到皮肤。因此,载体的作用可为稀释剂、分散剂、溶剂等,以确保活性物质以合适的浓度应用于并均匀地分布于选择的靶上。载体可为固体、半固体或液体。载体还可为洗剂、乳剂或凝胶剂的形态,特别是具有充足的稠度或屈服点(yield point)的一种,以防止活性物质沉淀。载体可以是惰性的或具有皮肤病学益处。其还应与文中描述的活性成分物理地且化学地相容,并且不应过度地损害稳定性、功效或与所述组合物相关的其它应用益处。
联合治疗
在一些实施方式中,所述药物组合物可进一步包括另外的具有抗增殖活性的化合物。所述具有抗增殖活性的另外的化合物可选自包括表2中显示的抗增殖剂的组中。
还应理解,可配制本发明的化合物和药物组合物,并用在联合治疗中,即化合物和药物组合物可与一种或多种期望的治疗法或医疗程序配制,或与一种或多种期望的治疗法或医疗程序同时、之前或之后施予。用在组合疗法中的治疗(疗法或程序)的具体组合将考虑期望的治疗法和/或医疗程序的相容性以及期望获得的治疗效果。还应理解,使用的治疗法对于相同的疾病可获得期望的效果,或者它们可获得不同的效果(例如控制任何副作用)。
“抗增殖剂”意思是任何抗增殖剂,包括表2中列出的那些抗增殖剂,它们的任一种可与LXR激动剂联合使用,以治疗文中引用的病症。抗增殖剂还包括有机铂(organo-platine)衍生物、萘醌和苯醌衍生物、大黄根酸和其蒽醌衍生物。
诊断和预后方法
上述基因可用于确定受试者是否患有转移性黑素瘤或者具有患转移性黑素瘤的风险。备选地,它们可用于确定受试者中这样的疾病的预后。
诊断方法
在一个方面,本发明提供了定性和定量信息,以确定受试者是否患有转移性黑素瘤或其它表征为内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的疾病,或容易患转移性黑素瘤或其它表征为内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的疾病。可基于上述基因或它们的产物(mRNA、microRNA或多肽)在来自受试者的实验样本中的表达水平、模式或谱(profile)确定患有这样的疾病或有这样的倾向的受试者。换句话说,产物可用作标记,以表明疾病存在或不存在。本发明的诊断或预后检测包括用于评价产物的表达水平的方法。所述方法允许检测所述疾病。例如,一个或多个促进子(即miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF)表达水平的相对提高表示存在疾病。相反,较低的表达水平或缺少表达表示没有该疾病。
可通过从测试受试者获得检测样本并使所述检测样本与能够检测核酸(例如RNA或DNA探针)或多肽的化合物或制剂接触而评估mRNA、microRNA或多肽产物在检测样本中的存在、水平和缺少。“检测样本”包括从受试者分离的组织、细胞和生物体液,以及受试者中存在的组织、细胞和液体。可以大量方式(包括测量基因编码的RNA)而测量目标基因的表达水平。
可使用大量公知方法的任一种从生物样本分离表达的RNA样本。例如,可在胍盐类裂解缓冲液中裂解生物样本,任选地包括另外的化合物以稳定RNA。在一些实施方式中,裂解缓冲液可包含作为对照的纯化的RNA,以监测来自细胞培养物的RNA的回收率及稳定性。这样的纯化的RNA模板的实例包括PROMEGA的卡那霉素阳性对照RNA(Kanamycin PositiveControl RNA)(Madison,WI)和7.5kb的LIFE TECHNOLOGIES的多聚(A)加尾的RNA(Rockville,MD)。可立即使用裂解产物,或冷冻储藏(例如在-80℃)。
任选地,在自动化可兼容的96孔模式(例如RNEASY纯化平台(QIAGEN,Inc.,Valencia,CA))中使用基于硅土的分离从细胞裂解产物(或其它类型的样本)纯化总RNA。也考虑其它RNA分离方法,例如用涂布硅土的珠或胍盐提取。本领域技术人员可想出用于RNA分离和制备的其它方法。
可使用粗制样本(例如血液、血清、血浆或细胞裂解物)进行本发明的方法,消除了分离RNA的需要。可任选地加RNA酶抑制剂到粗制样本。当使用粗制的细胞裂解物时,应注意,基因组DNA可根据样本不同而提供一个或多个拷贝的靶序列(例如基因)。在其中靶序列衍生自一个或多个高表达的基因的情况下,来自基因组DNA的信号可能不显著。但是对于低水平表达的基因,可通过用DNA酶处理样本,或通过使用靶向用于cDNA或扩增产物的随后引发的引物而消除背景。
可原位和体外确定相应于基因的RNA在细胞中的水平。从检测样本分离的RNA可用在杂交或扩增检测中,其包括Southern或Northern分析、PCR分析和探针检测。用于检测RNA水平的优选诊断方法包括使分离的RNA与可杂交到所述基因编码的RNA上的探针接触。探针可为全长核酸或其一部分,例如具有至少10个核苷酸长度并在严格条件下足以特异地杂交到RNA的寡核苷酸。
在一种形式中,RNA(或由其制备的cDNA)固定到表面上,并接触探针,例如通过在琼脂糖凝胶上使分离的RNA跑胶,并从所述凝胶上转移RNA到膜上,例如硝酸纤维素。在另一种形式中,固定探针到表面上,并使RNA(或cDNA)与例如基因芯片阵列中的探针接触。技术人员可改造已知的RNA检测方法,用于检测RNA的水平。
在使用本领域中已知的技术检测扩增的分子前,用核酸扩增,例如通过标准的PCR(美国专利No.4,683,202)、RT-PCR(Bustin S.J Mol Endocrinol.25:169-93,2000)、定量PCR(Ong Y.et al.,Hematology.7:59-67,2002)、实时PCR(Ginzinger D.Exp Hematol.30:503-12,2002)和原位PCR(Thaker V.Methods Mol Biol.115:379-402,1999)或任何其它的核酸扩增方法,评估样本中将被检测的基因编码的RNA(或由其制备的cDNA)的水平。在另一个实施方式中,本发明的方法进一步包括使对照样本与能够检测基因的RNA的化合物或试剂接触,并比较对照样本中RNA的存在与检测的样本中RNA的存在。
上述方法和标记物可用于评估受试者发展黑素瘤的风险。具体地,本发明可应用于已经具有某些风险的那些高风险队列中的那些,以获得对早期检测的关键洞察。可在受试者的细胞中发展转化的或瘤形成表型前,或在其早期阶段,检测与黑素瘤相关的miR基因产物水平的变化。因此,本发明还提供了用于筛选处于发展黑素瘤的风险的受试者的方法,包括评估从受试者皮肤获得的生物样本中与黑素瘤相关的至少一种基因产物或基因产物的组合的水平。因此,与对照样本中相应基因产物的水平相比,生物样本中基因产物或基因产物的组合的水平的改变是受试者处于发展黑素瘤的风险的指示。用于此类筛选的生物样本可包括正常或疑似癌性的皮肤组织。具有与黑素瘤相关的一种或多种基因产物的水平变化的受试者是进一步的监测和检测的候选。这样的进一步的检测可包括组织样本的组织学检查或者本领域技术人员能力内的其它技术。
如文中使用,术语“诊断”意思是检测疾病或病症,或确定疾病或病症的阶段或程度。通常,疾病或病症的诊断基于指示疾病的一种或多种因素和/或症状的评估。即,可基于指示疾病或病症的存在或不存在的因素的存在、不存在或量做出诊断。认为指示特定疾病的诊断的每个因素或症状不必唯一地与所述特定疾病相关,即,可从诊断因素或症状推断出不同的诊断。相似地,可能有指示特定疾病的因素或症状在不具有特定疾病的个体中存在的情况。可独立地使用诊断方法,或者与医药领域中已知的用于特定疾病或病症(例如黑素瘤)的其它诊断和/或分级方法结合使用。
预后方法
上述诊断方法可鉴别具有黑素瘤或处于发展为黑素瘤的风险的受试者。此外,生物样本(例如外周血样本)中上述基因的表达水平和/或趋势的变化可提供恢复或其缺少的早期指示。例如,促进子基因(或抑制子基因)的进一步提高(或减低)或持续地改变的基因表达水平指示差的预后,即缺少改善或健康衰退。因此,这些基因允许评估黑素瘤的治疗后恢复。该所选择的基因的组或其亚组的分析指示病症的结果。
文中所述的预后检测可用于确定受试者是否适于施予试剂(例如,激动剂、拮抗剂、肽模拟物、蛋白质、肽、核酸、小分子或其它药物候选物),以治疗黑素瘤或其它与内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成相关的疾病。例如,这样的测定可用于确定是否可施予化疗剂给受试者。
因此,本发明还提供了监测受试者中细胞增生疾病的治疗的方法。为此目的,可在经历治疗前、期间或之后,确定来自受试者的检测样本中文中公开的基因的表达水平。然后,评估与基线水平相比,水平变化的幅度。上述促进子基因(miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF)的表达在治疗后的减小表明可用相同的治疗进一步治疗受试者。相似地,抑制子(DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1和LRP8)的增加还指示可用相同的治疗进一步治疗受试者。相反地,一个或多个促进子基因的进一步提高或持久的高表达水平指示缺少改善或健康衰退。
从上述测定的实施获得的信息用于疾病或其它影响个体受试者的健康状况的有害病症的预测、鉴别进展和临床管理。在优选的实施方式中,上述诊断测定提供了对于黑素瘤和其它以内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成为特征的病症的预测、鉴别进展和管理有用的信息。上述信息更具体地在设计化疗或其它治疗方案以从受折磨的受试者(人)的身体根除这样的疾病中帮助临床医生。
如文中使用,术语“预后”是指预测临床病症或疾病的可能进程和结果。通常通过评估指示疾病的期望或非期望进程或结果的疾病的因素或症状而进行预后。如文中使用,短语“确定预后”是指技术人员由此可预测患者中的病症的进程或结果的过程。术语“预后”不是指100%准确地预测病症的进程或结果的能力,而是,技术人员将理解,术语“预后”是指将出现某些进程或结果的增加的可能性;即,与未呈现病症的那些个体相比,在呈现指定病症的患者中更可能出现进程或结果。
如文中使用,术语“预后良好”和“积极的预后”或“不利的预后”和“消极的预后”是与用于预测疾病或病症的可能进程和/或可能的结果相关的术语。良好的或积极的预后比不利的或消极的预后预测更好的结果。在通常的意义上,“良好的预后”是比与特定病症相关的许多其它可能的预后相比相对好的结果,而不利的预后预测比与特定的病症相关的许多其它可能的预后相比相对差的结果。良好或积极的预后的典型实例包括比平均治愈率更好,较低的转移倾向、比预期寿命更长、从癌性进展分化为良性进展等。例如,积极的预后是其中患者在治疗后对特定癌症具有50%的治愈可能性,而具有相同癌症的患者平均仅具有25%的被治愈的可能性。
术语“测定”、“测量”、“评估”和“检测”相互交换地使用,并包括定量和定性的测量,并包括确定特性、性状、特征是否存在或不存在。评估可是相对的或绝对的。“评估靶的存在”包括确定存在的靶的量,以及确定其是否存在或不存在。
阵列
本发明中还提供了生物芯片或阵列。生物芯片/阵列包含具有连接文中所述的一个探针或多个探针的固体或半固体基底。探针能够在严格的杂交条件下杂交到靶序列。探针可在基底上的空间限定的位置连接。每条靶序列可使用多于一条的探针,可为重叠的探针或靶向具体靶序列的不同部分的探针。探针能够杂交到与本领域技术人员理解的单个病症相关的靶序列。可首先合成探针,然后连接到生物芯片,或者可直接在生物芯片上合成。
如文中使用,涉及核酸(例如探针)和固体支持物的“连接”或“固定”可意味着探针和固体支持物之间的连接在结合、洗涤、分析和去除的条件下是足够稳定的。连接可为共价或非共价的。共价键可直接形成在探针和固体支持物之间,或者通过交联剂形成,或通过在固体支持物或探针或两种分子上包含特定的反应基团而形成。非共价结合可为静电、亲水以及疏水相互作用的一种或多种。非共价结合包括例如链霉亲和素的分子共价连接到支持物上,并且生物素化的探针非共价结合到链霉亲和素上。固定还可涉及共价和非共价相互作用的组合。
固体基底可为被造以包含不连续的适于附着或连接探针的单独的位点并能够经受至少一种检测方法的材料。这样的基底的实例包括玻璃和改性的或功能化的玻璃、塑料(包括丙烯酸、聚苯乙烯以及苯乙烯与其它材料的共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯、聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯等)、多糖、尼龙或硝基纤维素、树脂、硅土或基于硅土的材料(包括硅和改性硅)、碳、金属、无机玻璃和塑料。基底允许光学检测而没有略微的荧光。
尽管也可使用其它的基底结构,基底可以是平面的。例如,为了流入式(flow-through)样本分析,探针可放在管的内表面上,以使样本体积最小化。相似地,基底可为柔性的,例如软泡沫,包括由特定塑料制造的闭孔泡沫。
可用用于阵列/生物芯片和探针随后的连接的化学官能团衍生化阵列/生物芯片和探针。例如,可衍生化生物芯片的化学官能团包括但不限于:氨基、羧基、桥氧基或硫醇基。通过使用这些官能团,可使用在探针上的官能团直接或间接地使用连接子(linker)连接探针。探针可通过5'末端、3'末端或通过内部核苷酸连接到固体支持物上。探针还可非共价地连接到固体支持物上。例如,可制造可结合到共价地涂布链霉亲和素的表面上以引起连接的生物素化的寡核苷酸。备选地,可使用例如光聚合和光蚀刻的技术在表面上合成探针。可在例如美国专利No.5837832、6087112、5215882、5707807、5807522、5958342、5994076、6004755、6048695、6060240、6090556和6040138中找到用于连接核酸到支持基底的方法的详细讨论。
在一些实施方式中,在核酸阵列中呈现表达的转录本(例如文中公开的microRNA基因的转录本)。在这样的实施方式中,一组结合位点可包括具有与表达的转录本的不同序列片段互补的不同核酸的探针。这样的核酸的实例可为15~200个碱基、20~100个碱基、25~50个碱基、40~60个碱基的长度。除了与其靶序列互补的序列,每个探针序列还包括一条或多条连接子序列。连接子序列是与其靶序列互补的序列和支持物表面之间的序列。例如,本发明的核酸阵列具有一条对于每条靶microRNA基因特异的探针。然而,如果期望,核酸阵列可包括至少2、5、10、100、200、300、400、500或更多个对于一些表达的转录本特异的探针(例如文中描述的microRNA基因的转录本)。
试剂盒
在另一方面,本发明提供了具体化文中所述的方法、组合物以及用于分析多肽和microRNA表达系统的试剂盒。这样的试剂盒可包含文中所述的核酸以及下述的任一种或全部:测定试剂、缓冲剂、探针和/或引物,以及无菌的盐水或另一种药学地可接受的乳剂和悬浮基。此外,试剂盒可包含指导材料,其包括实施文中所述的方法的指示(例如方案)。例如,试剂盒可为用于扩增、检测、识别或量化靶mRNA或microRNA序列的试剂盒。为此,试剂盒可包含合适的引物(例如发卡引物)、正向引物、反向引物和探针。
在一个实例中,本发明的试剂盒包括一个或多个上面布置多种不同的核酸(每种均相应于上述基因的一个)的微阵列片(或备选的微阵列形式)。试剂盒还可包括多个标记的探针。备选地,探针可包括多个适于用作探针的多核苷酸序列,以及适用于定制包含的多核苷酸序列的标签的选择,或专业人员自由裁量的其它多核苷酸序列。通常,包含的至少一条多核苷酸序列对应于对照序列,例如归一化的基因等。示例的标签包括但不限于连接到核酸引物的荧光团、染料、放射性标记、酶标签。
在一个实施方式中,可提供适于扩增相应于表达的RNA样本的核酸的试剂盒。这样的试剂盒包括适用于上述扩增方法任一种中的试剂和引物。备选地或另外地,试剂盒适于扩大相应于探针和靶核酸样本之间的杂交的信号(例如置于芯片上)。
此外,试剂盒中可任选地包括用于制备用于生物表达分析的生物样本需要的一种或多种材料和/或试剂。此外,任选地,试剂盒包括一种或多种适于扩增核酸的酶(包括各种聚合酶(RT、Taq等)、一种或多种脱氧核苷酸,以及为扩增提供必要的反应混合物的缓冲剂。
通常,使用试剂盒并使用mRNA或microRNA作为起始模板分析基因表达模式。RNA模板可以总的细胞RNA或分离的RNA提供;两种类型的样本产生可比较的结果。在其它实施方式中,本发明中描述的方法和试剂盒允许定量其它的基因表达产物,包括tRNA、rRNA或其它的转录产物。
任选地,本发明的试剂盒进一步包括软件,以促进数据的产生、分析和/或存储,并有助于访问数据库。软件包括可用于数据的收集、存储和/或分析的逻辑指令、指令集或合适的计算机程序。使用提供的软件对数据进行比较分析和相关分析是可能的。
任选地,试剂盒包括用于每一种单独试剂和/或酶组分的不同的容器。通常,每种组分适于在其各个容器中分量(aliquoted)。任选地,试剂盒的容器包括至少一个小瓶、安瓿或试管。可在其中放置和/或分量试剂的瓶、罐或其它容器也是可能的。优选地,保留商业销售严格限制的试剂盒的各个容器。合适的较大的容器可包括在其中保留期望的小瓶的注射或吹塑成型的塑料容器。试剂盒可任选地提供了说明书,例如详述本发明的试剂盒的使用的书面说明书或录像带演示。
在其它方面,本发明提供了文中任何的组合物或试剂盒用于实施文中的任何方法或测定的用途,和/或任何装置或试剂盒用于实施文中的任何测定或方法的用途。
如文中使用,“试样”或“生物样本”指包含核酸的生物组织或液体的样本。这样的样本包括但不限于从动物分离的组织或体液。生物样本还可包括组织的切片,例如活组织检查和尸体样本、用于组织学目的取出的冷冻切片、血液、血浆、血清、唾液、粪便、眼泪、粘液、尿、渗出物、羊水、腹水、头发和皮肤。生物样本还包括来源于患者组织的外植块和原发性和/或转化的细胞培养物。可通过从动物移出细胞样本而提供生物样本,但是还可通过使用以前分离细胞(例如,由他人在另一个时间点和/或为了其它目的分离)而实现,或通过文中描述的体内方法进行。还可使用存档的组织,例如具有处理或结果的历史的那些。
术语“体液”或“身体的液体”是指来自动物的身体的任何液体。体液的实例包括但不限于血浆、血清、血液、淋巴液、脑脊液、滑液、尿、口水、粘液、痰和唾液。可通过任何合适的方法收集体液样本。可立即使用体液样本,或者可为了以后使用而存储。本领域中已知的任何合适的存储方法可用于存储体液样本:例如,可在约-20℃至约-70℃冻结样本。合适的体液为无细胞液体。“无细胞”液体包括体液样本,其中不存在细胞,或者存在的细胞的量如此低,使得确定的miRNA水平反映其在样本的液体部分而非在细胞部分的水平。通常通过例如离心或过滤以去除细胞而处理包含细胞的体液,从而产生这样的无细胞体液。典型地,无细胞体液不包含完整的细胞,然而,一些样本可包括细胞碎片或细胞残骸。无细胞液体的实例包括血浆或血清,或从其去除细胞的体液。
文中使用的术语“基因”是指天然(例如基因组)或合成的基因,其包括转录的和/或翻译的调控序列和/或编码区和/或非翻译的序列(例如,内含子、5'非翻译和3'非翻译序列)。基因的编码区可为编码氨基酸序列或功能RNA(例如tRNA、rRNA、催化RNA、siRNA、miRNA或反义RNA)的核苷酸序列。基因还可为相应于编码区(例如外显子和miRNA)的mRNA或cDNA,其任选地包括连接其上的5'-或3'-非翻译序列。基因还可为体外产生的扩增的核酸分子,其包括全部或部分的编码区和/或连接其上的5'-或3'-非翻译序列。该术语还包括丧失它们的蛋白质编码年龄或否则不再在细胞中表达的与已知基因的不正常功能相关的假基因。
如文中使用,“表达谱”(expression profile)是指基因组表达谱,例如microRNA的表达谱。可通过任何用于确定核酸序列的水平的常规方式,例如microRNA、cRNA等的定量杂交,定量PCR,用于定量的ELISA等产生所述谱,并允许分析两种样本之间的差异的基因表达。分析受试者或患者的样本,例如细胞或其集合,例如组织。通过本领域中已知的任何常规方法收集样本。目标核酸序列为被发现具有预言性的核酸序列,包括文中描述的那些的核酸序列,其中,表达谱可包括5、10、20、25、50、100或更多个(包括全部)列出的核酸序列的表达数据。术语“表达谱”还指测量在测量的样本中的核酸序列的丰度。
“差异的表达”是指在细胞和组织内部和其中时间的和/或细胞基因表达模式的定性或定量差别。因此,差异表达的基因可定性地具有其改变的表达,包括在例如正常组织相对疾病组织中的活化或失活。基因可以相对于另一种状态的特定状态被打开或关闭,从而允许两种或多种状态的比较。定性调节的基因将呈现可被标准方法检测的状态或细胞类型内的表达模式。一些基因可以在一种而非两种状态或细胞类型中表达。备选地,表达差异可是定量的,例如,由于表达被调节,上调导致转录本的量的提高,或者下调导致转录本的量下降。表达差异的程度大到仅需要足以通过标准的表征技术量化即可,例如表达阵列、定量反转录PCR、Northern分析和RNase保护。
如文中使用,“核酸”或“寡核苷酸”或“多核苷酸”是指共价连接到一起的至少两个核苷酸。单链的描述还限定了互补链的序列。因此,核酸还包括所描述的单链的互补链。核酸的许多变体可用于与指定的核酸相同的目的。因此,核酸还包括实质上相同的核酸以及其互补物。单链提供了可在严格的杂交条件下杂交到靶序列的探针。因此,核酸还包括在严格杂交条件下杂交的探针。
核酸可为单链或双链,或者可包含双链和单链序列二者的一部分。核酸可为DNA(基因组DNA和cDNA二者)、RNA或杂合体,其中,核酸可包括脱氧核糖核苷酸和核糖核苷酸的组合,以及包括尿嘧啶、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、胞嘧啶、鸟嘌呤、肌苷、黄嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、异胞嘧啶和异鸟嘌呤的碱基的组合。可通过化学合成方法或重组方法获得核酸。
术语“引物”是指能够在其3'端杂交到互补核酸分子并提供可被核酸聚合酶延伸的游离3'羟基末端的任何核酸。如文中使用,扩增引物为一对核酸分子,其可退火到基因的5’或3’区域(分别为正链和负链,或反之亦然),并在其间包含短的区域。在合适的条件下,并使用合适的试剂,这样的引物允许具有引物两侧的核苷酸序列的核酸分子的扩增。对于原位方法,可制备细胞或组织样本,并固定在支持物(例如载玻片)上,然后接触可杂交到RNA的探针。扩增相应于表达的RNA样本的核酸的备选方法包括例如美国专利No.7,897,750中公开的那些。
如文中使用,术语“探针”是指能够通过一种或多种类型的化学键(通常通过互补的碱基配对,通常通过氢键形成)结合互补序列的靶核酸的寡核苷酸。根据杂交条件的严格性,探针可结合缺少与探针序列缺少完全的互补性的靶序列。可能有任何数目的将干扰文中所述的靶序列与单链序列之间的杂交的碱基对。然而,如果突变的数目如此大,使得甚至在最不严格的杂交条件下也不发生杂交,则序列不是互补靶序列。探针可为单链,或者部分单链且部分双链。通过结构、组成和靶序列的性质描述探针的链型(strandedness)。探针可被例如链霉亲和素复合物后来结合的生物素直接标记或间接地标记。
如文中使用,“互补体”或“互补的”是指核酸可是核酸分子的核苷酸或核苷酸类似物之间的Watson-Crick(例如A-T/U和C-G)或胡斯坦碱基配对。完全互补体或完全互补的可意味着核酸分子的核苷酸或核苷酸类似物之间100%互补的碱基配对。
如文中使用,“严格的杂交条件”是指在该条件下第一核酸序列(例如探针)杂交到第二核酸序列(例如靶标)的条件,例如核酸的复杂混合物。严格的条件为序列依赖的,并且在不同环境下是不同的,并可由本领域技术人员合适地选择。可选择严格的条件为在限定的离子强度pH下比具体序列的热熔点(Tm)低约5~10℃。Tm可为平衡时50%的与靶标互补的探针杂交到靶序列的温度(在限定的离子强度、pH和核酸浓度)(因为在Tm,靶序列过量存在,平衡时占用50%的探针)。严格的条件可为其中在pH 7.0~8.3、盐浓度小于约1.0M的钠离子,例如约0.01~1.0M的钠离子浓度(或其它盐),并且温度对于短的探针(例如约10~50个核苷酸)为至少约30℃,并且对于长(例如大于约50个核苷酸)的探针为至少约60℃。还可通过加入去稳定剂(例如甲酰胺)获得严格的条件。对于选择性或特异的杂交,阳性信号可为杂交背景至少2~10倍。示例的严格杂交条件包括如下:50%甲酰胺、5×SSC和1%SDS,在42℃孵育,或者5×SSC,1%SDS,在65℃孵育,于65℃在0.2×SSC和0.1%SDS中洗涤。然而,除了温度之外的几个因素,例如盐浓度,可影响杂交的严格性,并且本领域技术人员可合适地选择所述因素,以获得相似的严格性。
如文中使用,术语“参考值”是指当与检测结果比较时,与具体的结果统计相关的值。在优选的实施方式中,由比较microRNA表达与已知的临床结果的研究的统计分析确定参考值。参考值可为阈计分值(thereshold score values)或截止计分值(cutoff scorevalue)。典型地,参考值可为大于(或小于)其一个结果更可能,并且小于其选择的阈值更可能的阈值。
在一个实施方式中,参考水平可为表示为取自对照健康受试者(无疾病)群体的样本的循环miRNA的平均水平的一种或多种循环miRNA水平。在另一个实施方式中,参考水平可为在相同受试者中不同时间的水平,例如在该测定之前,例如在受试者发展出所述疾病之或开始治疗前测定的水平。通常,通过公因子归一化样本。例如,可通过体积体液归一化无细胞的体液样本,并且可通过蛋白含量或细胞计数归一化包含细胞的样本。还可相对于内部对照核酸归一化核酸样本。
如文中讨论,一条或多条多肽或RNA(mRNA或microRNA)的水平的差异指示了疾病或其阶段。短语“水平的差异”是指与对照或参考水平相比,样本中具体标记物例如核酸的量的差异。例如,与参考水平相比,以具有肿瘤疾病的患者样本中提高的量或减小的量存在具体生物标记物的量。在一个实施方式中,“水平的差异”可为样本中存在的具体生物标记物的量与对照(例如参考值)间至少约1%、2%、3%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、50%、60%、75%、80%、100%、150%、200%或更大的差异。在一个实施方式中,“水平的差异”可为样本中存在的生物标记的量与对照间统计学上显著的差异。例如,如果生物标记物的测量水平落在任何对照组或参考组的平均值的约1.0的标准偏差、约1.5的标准偏差、约2.0的标准偏差或约2.5标准偏差外,则差异在统计学上显著。关于miRNA的测量,可由实时PCR测量水平为Ct值,其被归一化为下面实施例中描述的ΔCt值。
药物筛选
本发明提供了鉴别用于治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的化合物的方法。
可使用本领域中已知的组合文库方法中无数方法的任一种获得将被筛选的候选化合物(例如蛋白质、多肽、肽模拟物、类肽、抗体、小分子或其它药物)。这样的文库包括:肽文库、类肽文库(具有肽的功能性的分子的文库,但是具有抗酶降解的新的非肽骨架)、空间寻址并行固相或液相文库、通过重叠合法或亲和层析选择获得的合成的文库,以及“一珠一化合物”文库。参见,例如Zuckermann et al.1994,J.Med.Chem.37:2678-2685;and Lam,1997,Anticancer Drug Des.12:145。用于合成分子文库的方法的实例可在,例如DeWittet al.,1993,PNAS USA 90:6909;Erb et al.,1994,PNAS USA 91:11422;Zuckermann etal.,1994,J.Med.Chem.37:2678;Cho et al.,1993,Science 261:1303;Carrell et al.,1994,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl.33:2059;Carell et al.,1994,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl.33:2061;and Gallop et al.,1994J.Med.Chem.37:1233中发现。化合物的文库可存在于溶液中(例如Houghten,1992,Biotechniques 13:412-421)或珠子上(Lam,1991,Nature 354:82-84)、芯片(Fodor,1993,Nature 364:555-556)、细菌(美国专利No.5,223,409)、孢子(美国专利No.5,223,409)、质粒(Cull et al.,1992,PNAS USA89:1865-1869)或噬菌体上(Scott and Smith 1990,Science 249:386-390;Devlin,1990,Science 249:404-406;Cwirla et al.,1990,PNAS USA 87:6378-6382;Felici 1991,J.Mol.Biol.222:301-310;和美国专利No.5,223,409)。
为鉴别有用的化合物,可将测试化合物与包含测试细胞的系统接触,所述测试细胞表达由有效地连接到选自上述转移促进子或抑制子的标记基因的启动子的核酸编码的报告基因。所述系统可为体外细胞系模型或体内动物模型。细胞可天然地表达所述基因,或可被修饰以表达重组核酸。重组核酸可包括编码连接到异源启动子的报告多肽的核酸。然后,可测量miRNA、多肽或报告多肽的表达水平。
对于多肽,可在mRNA水平或蛋白质水平确定表达水平。本领域中公知测量细胞、组织样本或体液中的mRNA水平的方法。为测量mRNA的水平,裂解细胞,并通过例如杂交测定(使用可检测的标记的基因特异的DNA或RNA探针)和定量和半定量RT-PCR(使用合适的基因特异的引物)确定裂解物或从裂解物纯化或半纯化的RN A中的mRNA的水平。备选地,可使用组织切片或未裂解细胞悬浮物以及可检测地(例如荧光或酶)标记的DNA或RNA探针进行定量或半定量原位杂交测定。另外的mRNA定量方法包括RNA保护试验(RPA)和SAGE。本领域中还已知测量细胞或组织样本中蛋白水平的方法。
为确定候选化合物治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的效力,可比较以上述方式获得的水平与对照水平(例如,可在缺少候选化合物时获得的)。如果(i)转移抑制子水平低于对照值或参考值或者(ii)转移的促进子水平高于对照水平或参考水平,则鉴别化合物为有效的。可使用下面实施例中公开的体外细胞培养物模型或体内动物模型进一步验证如此鉴定的化合物的效力。
实施例
实施例1材料和方法
该实施例描述了下面实施例2~11中使用的材料和方法。
化合物
表3化合物的名称
动物研究
根据洛克菲勒大学的动物保护和利用委员会(IACUC)批准的方案进行全部的小鼠实验。如以前描述(Minn et al.,2005;Tavazoie et al.,2008),将6~8周年龄匹配的以及性别匹配的小鼠用于原发肿瘤生长以及转移分析。参见扩展的实验程序。
细胞培养
如以前描述(Tavazoie et al.,2008),培养全部的癌细胞系。293T和人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)保持在在标准条件下。在扩展实验程序中详述了在细胞系和体外功能测定中的miRNA和基因敲降/过表达研究。
微阵列杂交
为了识别在高转移性衍生物中脱调控(deregulated)的miRNA,从来源于MeWo和A375细胞系并由LC science描述的总RNA富集小RNA。为了鉴别miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的潜在基因靶标,标记来自MeWo细胞系的总RNA,并杂交到洛克菲勒大学基因组学核心设备的Illumina HT-12v3Expression BeadChip阵列上。对于用于达到miRNA和mRNA靶标的阈值和标准,参见扩展实验程序。
分析人黑素瘤皮肤损伤中的miRNA表达
根据IRB指南获取、加工和分析该研究中使用的全部人类临床样本。从先前由MSKCC患者切除的原发性黑素瘤皮肤损伤的石蜡包埋的截面提取总RNA,并使用TaqManmiRNA Assays(Applied Biosystems)以不知情的方式分析具体的miRNA表达水平。使用GraphPad Prism软件包产生作为原发性肿瘤miRNA表达值的函数的表示每个患者的无转移的生存数据的Kaplan-Meier曲线。
体内LNA治疗
尾静脉注射4×104个的MeWo-LM2细胞后,用以在0.1mL的PBS中输送的12.5mg/kg的组合剂量的与miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908反义的体内优化的LNA(Exiqon)每周两次静脉注射处理NOD-SCID小鼠四周。
组织学
为了总的宏观的转移性结节的可视化,5-μm厚的肺组织切片被H&E染色。对于体内内皮细胞含量的分析,用抗MECA-32的抗体(Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank,TheUniversity of Iowa,IA)和人类波形蛋白(Vector Laboratories)双重地染色肺切片,所述抗体标记小鼠内皮细胞,所述蛋白标记人黑素瘤细胞。参见扩展的实验步骤。
数据分析
全部的数据表示为平均值±SEM。柯尔莫哥罗夫-斯米尔诺夫检验用于测定转移性血管密度累积分布中差异的显著性。使用Mantel-Cox时序检验检测miRNA预测转移结果的预后能力的显著性。单向Mann-Whitney t检验用于确定对于非高斯生物发光测量的显著值。对于全部其它比较,使用单侧学生t检验。认为P值<0.05为统计显著性。
体内选择、实验性转移和原发性肿瘤生长分析
根据洛克菲勒大学的动物保护和利用委员会(IACUC)批准的方案进行全部的小鼠实验。为了从两个独立的人黑素瘤细胞系产生多个转移衍生物,如前面所述(Minn et al.,2005Nature 436,518-524;Pollack and Fidler,1982J.Natl.Cancer Inst.69,137-141)进行体内选择。简言之,1×106染色的MeWo或无染色的A375黑素瘤亲本细胞悬浮在0.1mL的PBS中,并静脉注射到6~8周龄的免疫妥协的NOD-SCID小鼠。在肺转移形成后,分离结节,并且体外繁殖细胞,产生第一代肺转移衍生物(LM1)。然后,通过尾静脉注射2×105个细胞到NOD-SCID小鼠,而使LM1细胞经历另一轮的体内选择,产生转移性结节,其随后的分解产生第二代的肺转移性衍生物(LM2)。对于A375细胞系,进行第三轮的体内选择,产生高转移性的A375-LM3衍生物。
为了通过生物发光成像体内监测转移,用表达萤光素酶报告基因的逆转录病毒构建物转化A375和MeWo亲本细胞以及它们的转移性衍生物(Ponomarev et al.,2004Eur JNucl Med Mol Imaging 31,740-751)。对于全部的转移实验,随时间监测肺或系统性定植,并如前述通过非侵入性生物发光成像量化(Minn et al.,2005)。为确定是否获得体内选择,4×104个MeWo亲本或MeWo-LM2细胞和1×105个A375亲本或A375-LM3细胞在0.1mL的PBS中重新悬浮,并通过尾静脉注射到6~8周龄的NOD-SCID小鼠。对于检测推定的促进子miRNA对肺定植的效果的实验转移测定,4×104个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908、miR-214或对照发夹的MeWo亲本细胞,4×104个具有miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的沉默表达的MeWo-LM2细胞和2×105个抑制miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的A375-LM3细胞重悬浮在0.1mL的PBS中,并尾静脉注射到6~8周龄的NOD-SCID小鼠中。对于上位性实验(epistasis experiment),静脉注射1×105个表达靶向ApoE、DNAJA4或对照序列的shRNA或者在miRNA抑制的情况下抑制LRP1或对照序列的siRNA的MeWo-LM2细胞到6~8周龄的NOD-SCID小鼠中。对于ApoE预处理实验,在37℃于100μg/mL的ApoE或BSA存在下孵育MeWo-LM2细胞。在24个小时后,4×104个细胞通过尾部静脉注射到7周龄的NOD-SCID小鼠。为确定用靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA预处理高度转移性黑素瘤细胞对转移的影响,单独地用每种LNA、靶向全部三种miRNA的LNA的混合物或对照LNA转染MeWo-LM2细胞。在48个小时后,静脉注射施予重悬在0.1mL的PBS中的1×105的细胞到7周龄的NOD-SCID小鼠中,用于肺转移性移植研究,或心内注射到7周龄的无胸腺的裸鼠,用于全身转移测定。为确定ApoE的基因缺失对转移的影响,用5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞静脉注射8周龄的C57BL/6-WT或C57BL/6-ApoE-/-小鼠。对于原发性肿瘤生长研究,1×106个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的亲本MeWo细胞与基质胶1:1混合,然后皮下注射到6周龄的免疫缺陷NOD-SCID小鼠的右下胁腹。每周触诊动物肿瘤的形成,然后每周测量大的肿瘤2次。如下计算肿瘤的体积(小的直径)2×(大的直径)/2。
慢病毒miRNA抑制和基因敲降
293T细胞接种在10cm的板中,并让其达到60%的融合度(confluency)。在转染前,用添加10%的FBS的新鲜的无抗生素的DMEM培养基替换细胞培养基。使用60μL的TransIT-293转染试剂(MIR 2700,Mirus Bio LLC,Madison,WI)共转染6μg的载体A、12μg的载体K和12μg的合适的miR-Zip(System Biosciences,Mountain View,CA)或shRNA质粒构建物(MSKCC HTS Core Facility,New York,NY)。在37℃培养细胞48个小时,并在通过0.45μm滤器过滤病毒前,以2000g旋转细胞培养基10分钟而收获病毒。在10μg/mL的聚凝胺(TR-1003-G,Millipore,Billerica,MA)的存在下用2mL的合适的病毒转染1×105个癌细胞6个小时。在48个小时后,加2μg/mL的嘌呤霉素(P8833,Sigma-Aldrich,St Louis,MO)到细胞培养基中,用于慢病毒选择。保持细胞的嘌呤霉素筛选72个小时。使用下面的miR-Zip序列:
miR-Zip-199a-3p:
5’-GATCCGACAGTAGCCTGCACATTAGTCACTTCCTGTCAGTAACCAATGTGCAGACTACTGTTTTTTGAATT-3’
miR-Zip-199a-5p:
5’-GATCCGCCCAGTGCTCAGACTACCCGTGCCTTCCTGTCAGGAACAGGTAGTCTGAACACTGGGTTTTTGAATT-3’
miR-Zip-1908:
5’-GATCCGCGGCGGGAACGGCGATCGGCCCTTCCTGTCAGGACCAATCGCCGTCCCCGCCGTTTTTGAATT-3’
使用下面的shRNA序列:
shAPOE1:
5’CCGGGAAGGAGTTGAAGGCCTACAACTCGAGTTGTAGGCCTTCAACTCCTTCTTTTT3’
shAPOE2:
5’CCGGGCAGACACTGTCTGAGCAGGTCTCGAGACCTGCTCAGACAGTGTCTGCTTTTT3’
shDNAJA41:
5’CCGGGCGAGAAGTTTAAACTCATATCTCGAGATATGAGTTTAAACTTCTCGCTTTTT3’
shDNAJA42:
5’CCGGCCTCGACAGAAAGTGAGGATTCTCGAGAATCCTCACTTTCTGTCGAGGTTTTT3’
逆转录病毒miRNA和基因过表达
使用60μL的TransIT-293转染试剂共转染6μg的载体VSVG、12μg的载体Gag-Pol和12μg的包含人类ApoE、DNAJA4或空载体的编码序列或包含miR-199a、miR-214、miR-1908或对照发夹的前体序列的miR-Vec的pBabe质粒到60%融合度的293T细胞中。在37℃培养细胞48个小时,然后收获病毒,并在10μg/mL的聚凝胺的存在下转染到癌细胞中6个小时。在48个小时后,加2μg/mL的嘌呤霉素或10μg/mL的杀稻瘟菌素(15205,Sigma-Aldrich,St Louis,MO)到用于逆转录病毒筛选的细胞培养基中。保持细胞的嘌呤霉素筛选72个小时以及杀稻瘟菌素筛选7天。下面的克隆引物用于ApoE和DNAJA4的编码序列的过表达:
ApoE_CDS_正向:5’-TCATGAGGATCCATGAAGGTTCTGTGGGCT-3’
ApoE_CDS_反向:5’-TAGCAGAATTCTCAGTGATTGTCGCTGGG-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_正向:5’-ATCCCTGGATCCATGTGGGAAAGCCTGACCC-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_反向:5’-TACCATGTCGACTCATGCCGTCTGGCACTGC-3’
基于LNA的miRNA敲降
使用lipofectamineTM 2000转染试剂(11668-09,Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA)以50nM的终浓度转染与成熟的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列(分别为426917-00、426918-00、426878-00和1990050;Exiqon,Vedbaek,丹麦)互补的LNA到50%融合度的在无抗生素培养基中培养的MeWo-LM2癌细胞。在8个小时后,用新鲜的培养基替换转染培养基。在48个小时后,静脉注射1×105个细胞到NOD-SCID小鼠中,以评价肺转移性定植,或者通过心脏内注射到无胸腺裸鼠,以评价全身转移。对于细胞侵袭和内皮募集体外测定,在转染后96个小时使用所述细胞。
基于siRNA的mRNA敲降
使用lipofectamineTM 2000转染试剂以100nM的终浓度转染靶向LRP1、LRP8、VLDLR、LDLR或对照序列的siRNA到癌细胞或HUVEC。在5个小时后,用新鲜的培养基替换转染培养基。细胞在转染后96小时进行基质胶侵袭和内皮募集测定。在转染后72个小时,在miRNA抑制的情况下,尾静脉注射转染靶向LRP1或对照序列的siRNA的细胞,用于肺定植检测。从Dharmacon获得对照非靶向siRNA。使用下面的LRP1和LRP8靶向序列:
siLRP11:5’-CGAGGACGAUGACUGCUUA-3’;
siLRP12:5’-GCUAUGAGUUUAAGAAGUU-3’;
siLRP81:5’-CGAGGACGAUGACUGCUUA-3’;
siLRP82:5’-GAACUAUUCACGCCUCAUC-3’.
细胞增殖测定
为确定miR-199a或miR-1908过表达以及组合的LNA诱导的miRNA抑制对细胞增殖的效果,2.5×104个细胞一式三份接种在6孔板中,并在5天后计数活细胞。为评估重组的ApoE添加物对黑素瘤细胞或内皮细胞增殖的效果,在ApoE(100μM)或BSA(100μM)的存在下培养3×104个黑素瘤MeWo-LM2细胞或内皮细胞。在8、24、48、72和120个小时后计数活的细胞。
基质胶侵袭测定
在0.2%的基于FBS DMEM的培养基中使癌细胞血清饥饿12个小时。在测定开始前通过加入0.5mL的饥饿培养基到顶腔和底腔(chambers)而预平衡穿孔侵袭腔(354480,BDBiosciences,Bedford,MA)。在30分钟后,去除顶腔中的培养基,并加入0.5mL的包含1×105个癌细胞的培养基到每个涂布基质胶的穿孔插入物中,并在37℃培养24个小时。为了中和抗体和/或重组蛋白实验,在开始测定前以图中表示的下述浓度加入抗体/重组蛋白质到每个孔:5~40μg/mL的抗ApoE 1D7(Heart Institute,University of Ottawa)、5~40μg/mL的抗IgG(AB-108-C,R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN)、100μM的重组人ApoE3(4696,BioVision,Mountain View,CA)和100μM的BSA(A2153,Sigma-Aldrich)。当完成ced时,用PBS洗涤涂布基质胶的插入物,刮去在每个插入物的顶端的细胞,并在4%的多聚甲醛中固定插入物15分钟。然后,切掉插入物,并使用包含DAPI的VectaShield封固剂(H-1000,Vector Laboratories,Burlingame,CA)封固在切片上。以5×的放大率使用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)成像每个插入物的基侧,对每个插入物拍摄3个代表的图像。使用ImageJ(NIH)量化侵袭的细胞的数目。
内皮募集测定
在开始测定前大约24小时,将5×104个癌细胞接种到24孔板中。HUVEC生长到80%的融合度,并在补充0.2%FBS的EGM-2培养基中血清饥饿16个小时。然后,用Cell TrackerRed CMTPX染料(C34552,Invitrogen)脉冲HUVEC 45分钟。同时,用PBS洗涤癌细胞,并将0.5mL的0.2%FBS EGM-2培养基加入到每个孔,并将3.0μm的HTS Fluoroblock插入物(351151,BD Falcon,San Jose,CA)放入到每个孔中。1×105个在0.5mL的饥饿培养基中重悬浮的HUVEC接种到每个穿孔插入物中,并在37℃进行募集测定16~18个小时。然后,为了中和抗体和/或重组蛋白质实验,以图中表示的合适的浓度加入抗体/蛋白到每个孔:40μg/mL的抗ApoE 1D7、40μg/mL的抗IgG、100μM的rhApoE3和100μM的BSA。当完成检测时,如上述基质胶侵袭实验处理和分析插入物(参见基质胶侵袭实验)。
内皮迁移测定
用Cell Tracker Red CMTPX染料脉冲血清饥饿的HUVEC 45分钟,并在每个插入物0.5mL的饥饿培养基中以1×105个HUVEC的浓度接种到HTS Fluoroblock穿孔插入物中。让测定在37℃进行16~18个小时,并如上处理和分析插入物(参见基质胶侵袭实验)。
趋化性测定
HUVEC在0.2%FBS EGM-2培养基中血清饥饿16个小时,并用Cell Tracker RedCMTPX染料标记45分钟。同时,指定量的(1~5μg)的重组人ApoE3或BSA与250μL的基质胶(356231,BD Biosciences)混合,并让其在24孔板的底部固化30分钟。然后,加入250μL的包含0.2%FBS的HUVEC EGM-2培养基到每个涂布基质胶的孔中,并且3.0μM的HTSFluoroblock插入物置入到每个孔。1×105个在0.5mL的饥饿培养基中重悬浮的HUVEC接种到每个插入物,并让其在37℃沿基质胶梯度迁移16~18个小时。在完成检测后,封固插入物到切片,并如上分析(参见基质胶侵袭实验)。
内皮粘附测定
HUVEC接种在6孔板中,并让其形成单层。癌细胞在0.2%的FBS DMEM基培养基血清饥饿30分钟,并用Cell Tracker Green CMFDA染料(C7025,Invitrogen)脉冲45分钟。2×105个在0.5mL的饥饿培养基中重悬浮的癌细胞接种到每个内皮单层。让癌细胞在37℃附着到HUVEC单层30分钟。然后,用PBS轻轻地洗涤内皮单层,并用4%的多聚甲醛固定15分钟。然后,用PBS涂布每个孔,然后以10×的放大率用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)拍摄每个内皮单层的8个图像。使用ImageJ定量附着到HUVEC的癌细胞的数目。
失巢凋亡测定
1×106个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo细胞接种到包含补充0.2%的甲基纤维素的细胞培养基的低附着板上。在悬浮液中48个小时后,使用台盼蓝计数死亡和存活细胞的数目。
血清饥饿测定
为确定miR-199a和miR-1908对黑素瘤细胞血清饥饿能力的影响,1×105个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo亲本细胞一式四份接种到6孔板中,并在基于0.2%的FBS饥饿DMEM培养基中培养48小时,然后,使用台盼蓝计数存活细胞的数目。为确定加入重组ApoE3对血清饥饿条件下黑素瘤细胞或内皮细胞的存活的影响,在ApoE3(100μM)或BSA(100μM)的存在下于低血清条件(0.2%FBS)下培养3×104的MeWo-LM2细胞或内皮细胞。在8、16和24个小时后,计数存活细胞的数目。
集落形成检测
50个过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo亲本细胞一式四份接种到6cm的板中。在两周后,用PBS洗涤细胞,并用6%的戊二醛固定,用0.5%的结晶紫染色。计数阳性染色的集落的数目。
miRNA微阵列杂交
为鉴别显示高转移性黑素瘤细胞系衍生物的脱调控表达的miRNA,来自多种独立的转移性衍生物及它们各自的亲本MeWo和A375细胞群的总RNA用于富集小RNA,然后,其标记并杂交到LC sciences的微流控定制芯片平台。设计测定用于检测894个相应于SangermiRBase Release 13.0中列出的miRNA转录本的成熟miRNA。在全部分析的探针中,相应于169个miRNA的那些在分析的多个细胞系中产生大于背景阈值的信号。为每个细胞系中值归一化相应于杂交探针的原始信号强度。使用中值归一化的表达值2倍或更高上调的阈值,以鉴别通常在两个独立的人黑素瘤细胞系的多个转移性衍生物中诱导的miRNA。
基于微阵列的对于miR-199a和miR-1908的基因靶标预测
为了鉴别miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908潜在靶向的基因,从丧失或获得每个miRNA的功能的MeWo细胞系提取总RNA,并提交到洛克菲勒大学的基因组学核心设备,用于杂交到Illumina HT-12v3Expression BeadChip微阵列。然后,为每个细胞系样本中值归一化相应于探针杂交的原始信号强度。产生三组微阵列谱比较:(1)MeWo对照细胞相对于过表达miR-199a或miR-1908的MeWo细胞,(2)MeWo-LM2对照细胞相对于表达靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908的短的发夹(miR-Zip)的MeWo-LM2细胞,以及(3)MeWo亲本细胞相对于MeWo-LM2细胞。基于来自这些阵列的中值归一化的表达值,使用下面的标准获得共同针对miR-199a和miR-1908的可能的靶基因:(1)在过表达每个miR-199a和miR-1908后下调超过1.5倍的基因,(2)在抑制miR-199a-3p和miR-1908二者或miR-199a-5p和miR-1908二者后上调超过1.5倍的基因,和(3)相对于MeWo亲本细胞,生理表达更高水平的三种miRNA的LM2细胞中下调超过1.5倍的基因。
分析细胞系中miRNA和mRNA的表达
使用miRvana试剂盒(AM1560,Applied Biosystems,Austin,TX)从各种细胞系提取总RNA。使用Taqman miRNA表达测定(4427975-0002228,Applied Biosystems)量化成熟miRNA的表达水平。RNU44用作归一化的内源对照。对于mRNA表达分析,使用cDNA第一链合成试剂盒(18080-051,Invitrogen)反转录600ng的总RNA,然后,大约200ng的产生的cDNA与SYBR green PCR Master Mix(4309155,Applied Biosystems)以及合适的引物混合。一式四份进行每种反应,并使用ABI Prism 7900HT Real-Time PCR System(AppliedBiosystems)通过进行实时PCR扩增而量化mRNA表达。GAPDH用作归一化的内源对照。使用下面的引物:
ApoE_正向:5’-TGGGTCGCTTTTGGGATTAC-3’
ApoE_反向:5’-TTCAACTCCTTCATGGTCTCG-3’
DNAJA4_正向:5’-CCAGCTTCTCTTCACCCATG-3’
DNAJA4_反向:5’-GCCAATTTCTTCGTGACTCC-3’
GAPDH_正向:5’-AGCCACATCGCTCAGACAC-3’
GAPDH_反向:5’-GCCCAATACGACCAAATCC-3’
LRP1_正向:5’-TTTAACAGCACCGAGTACCAG-3’
LRP1_反向:5’CAGGCAGATGTCAGAGCAG-3’
LRP8_正向:5’-GCTACCCTGGCTACGAGATG-3’
LRP8_反向:5’-GATTAGGGATGGGCTCTTGC-3’
ELISA
通过在基于0.2%的FBS血清饥饿DMEM的培养基中培养细胞24个小时而制备癌细胞条件培养基。使用APOE ELISA试剂盒(IRAPKT031,Innovative Research,Novi,Michigan)确定条件培养基中的ApoE水平。
萤光素酶报告基因测定
如前面描述,进行异源的萤光素酶报告基因测定(Tavazoie et al.,2008)。简言之,ApoE和DNAJA4的全长3’UTR和CDS克隆到psiCheck2双萤光素酶报告基因载体(C8021,Promega,Madison,WI)中的海肾萤光素酶报告基因下游。使用TransiT-293转染试剂用100ng的各个特异的报告基因构建物转染5×104个亲本MeWo细胞,MeWo-LM2细胞,过表达miR-199a、miR-1908或对照发夹的MeWo细胞,以及表达靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908或对照序列的miR-Zip发夹的MeWo-LM2细胞。转染后24小时,裂解细胞,使用双萤光素酶测定(E1910,Promega)确定海肾与萤火虫萤光素酶表达的比。通过与互补的miRNA种子序列的比对(miR-199a-3p:5’-CAGUAGUC-3’;miR-199a-5p:5’-CCAGUGUU-3’;miR-1908:5’-GGCGGGGA-3’)鉴别每个靶向构建物中推定的miRNA结合位点。使用QuickChange MultiSite-Directed Mutagenesis试剂盒(200514,Agilent Technologies,Santa Clara,CA)突变每个靶向构建物上的miRNA互补位点。基于miRNA种子序列互补性分析,在位点141(CTG至ACT)突变ApoE的CDS,在位置83(GCC至ATA)和98(CTG至ACA)突变ApoE的3’UTR,在位置373(CGC至TAT)和917(CTG至AGA)突变DNAJA4的CDS,在位置576(CTG至ACA)、1096(CTG至TCT)、1396(CGC至TGT)和1596(CTG至TGT)突变DNAJA4的3’UTR。使用下面的引物克隆ApoE和DNAJA4的3’UTR和CDS:
ApoE_CDS_正向:5’-AGTACCTCGAGGGGATCCTTGAGTCCTACTC-3’
APOE_CDS_反向:
5’-TAATTGCGGCCGCTCAGACAGTGTCTGCACCCAG-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_正向:5’-TAATATCTCGAGATGTGGGAAAGCCTGACCC-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_反向:5’-CAATTGCGGCCGCTCATGCCGTCTGGCACTGC-3’
APOE_3’UTR_正向:5’-TTAGCCTCGAGACGCCGAAGCCTGCAGCCA-3’
APOE_3’UTR_反向:
5’-TTACTGCGGCCGCTGCGTGAAACTTGGTGAATCTT-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_正向:5’-TAATATCTCGAGCGTGGTGCGGGGCAGCGT-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_反向:
5’-CAATTGCGGCCGCTTATCTCTCATACCAGCTCAAT-3’
使用下面的引物突变每个靶上的miRNA结合位点:
APOE_CDS_mut:
5’-GCCAGCGCTGGGAACTGGCAACTGGTCGCTTTTGGGATTACCT-3’
APOE_3’UTR_mut1:
5’-CAGCGGGAGACCCTGTCCCCATACCAGCCGTCCTCCTGGGGTG-3’
APOE_3’UTR_mut2:
5’-TCCCCGCCCCAGCCGTCCTCACAGGGTGGACCCTAGTTTAATA-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_mut1:
5’-GGGATCGGTGGAGAAGTGCCTATTGTGCAAGGGGCGGGGGATG-3’
DNAJA4_CDS_mut2:
5’-GTAGGGGGCGGGGAACGTGTTATCCGTGAAGAGGTGGCTAGGG-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_mut1:
5’-CAGGGCCAACTTAGTTCCTAACATTCTGTGCCCTTCAGTGGAT-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_mut2:
5’-ACAGTTTGTATGGACTACTATCTTAAATTATAGCTTGTTTGGA-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_mut3:
5’-TAATTATTGCTAAAGAACTATGTTTTAGTTGGTAATGGTGTAA-3’
DNAJA4_3’UTR_mut4:
5’-CAGCTGCACGGACCAGGTTCCATAAAAACATTGCCAGCTAGTGAG-3’
分析在人黑素瘤皮肤病变中的miRNA表达
根据惯例的IRB指南获得、处理和分析用在该研究中的全部人类临床样本。从MSKCC获得来自71个人类患者的原发黑素瘤皮肤病变的石蜡包埋的切片。通过5个连续的二甲苯洗涤(每次5分钟)而使样本脱蜡。在脱蜡后,通过H&E染色鉴别包含恶性肿瘤的区域,切开,并使用RecoverAll Total Nucleic Acid Isolation试剂盒(AM1975,AppliedBiosystems)从其提取总RNA。以不知情的方式使用Taqman miRNA测定量化每个样本中成熟miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的表达水平。RNU44用作归一化的内标。比较倾向于转移的原发性黑素瘤与未转移的原发性黑素瘤之间每种miRNA的表达水平。使用患者的无转移存活的数据作为对于每个患者肿瘤中的每种miRNA表达水平的函数,绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线。以前已经记录了转移性复发到例如肺、脑、骨和软组织的器官,并考虑到鉴别的miRNA的表达水平与转移性复发间的关系的回顾性分析。
组织学
用PBS灌注动物,然后通过心内灌注和随后的气管内注射用4%的多聚甲醛固定。切割肺,在4℃于4%的多聚甲醛中孵育过夜,包埋在石蜡中,并切成5μm厚的增量。对于总的肉眼可见的转移性结节的可视化,H&E染色肺切片。对于在小鼠中由人黑素瘤MeWo细胞形成的转移性结节的内皮含量分析,用标记小鼠内皮细胞的抗MECA-32的一抗(DevelopmentalStudies Hybridoma Bank,The University of Iowa,IA)和标记人黑素瘤细胞的人波形蛋白(VP-V684,Vector Laboratories)双染色各个肺切片。各种缀合Alexa Flour染料的二抗用于检测原发性抗体。为确定转移性结节内血管密度,使用蔡司激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSM 510)测量荧光,并使用ImageJ(NIH)以不知情的方式量化基于用人波形蛋白共染色而勾勒的每个转移性结节中的MECA-32信号。对于在野生型和ApoE遗传缺失小鼠中由小鼠B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞形成的转移性结节的内皮含量分析,MECA-32染色代表性的肺切片,并且以不知情的方式量化基于细胞染色区分的每个结节内的MECA-32信号。通过背景减除(1个像素的滚球半径)以及使用预定的阈值作为截止值,获得以相对于每个转移性结节的总面积的血管覆盖面积的百分比给出的累积的血管面积。定义转移性结节为大于2000μm2的总面积的任何区域。对于大的结节,获得四个代表性图像的最小值,并计算它们的平均血管密度。
体内基质胶栓塞(plug)测定
如所示,10μg/mL的重组人ApoE3(4696,BioVision)、10μg/mL的BSA(A2153,SigmaAldrich)或400ng/ml的VEGF与基质胶(356231,BD Biosciences)混合。在免疫妥协的NOD-SCID小鼠的腹侧正上方皮下注射400μL的包含所述重组蛋白的基质胶。在注射后3天提取栓塞,并在4%的多聚甲醛中固定48个小时。然后石蜡包埋栓塞,并且以5μm厚的增量切割。用抗小鼠内皮抗原MECA-32的一抗(Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank,TheUniversity of Iowa,IA)免疫组织化学染色栓塞截面切片,通过缀合过氧物酶的二抗检测,然后通过DAB氧化可视化。为量化内皮细胞侵袭入每个基质胶栓塞的程度,对于每个栓塞在4~5个随机区域中计数内皮细胞的数目,并计算每个指定的栓塞区域中内皮细胞的平均数目。
组织培养
从MSKCC处的患者的Braf突变的黑素瘤软组织转移建立SK-Mel-334原发人黑素瘤系。在体外最小扩增后,体内选择细胞(Pollack and Fidler,1982),以产生肺转移性衍生物SK-Mel-334.2。SK-Mel-239耐威罗菲尼克隆(C1)为来自Poulikos Poulikakos(MountSinai Medical School)的赠品,并且B-RafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-原发性鼠科黑素瘤细胞系由Marcus Rosenberg(耶鲁大学)慷慨地提供。使用的全部其它细胞系购自ATCC。
ApoE Elisa
在处理后72个小时使用ApoE ELISA试剂盒(Innovative Research)量化在用DMSO、GW3965或T0901317(每种均1μM)处理的黑素瘤细胞无血清条件培养基中的细胞外ApoE水平。
Western印迹
在冰上于补充蛋白酶抑制剂(Roche)的RIPA缓冲液(Sigma-Aldrich)中匀浆小鼠肺和脑组织样本。在冰上于TNET缓冲液(1.5mM的Tris pH 7.5、150mM的NaCl、2mM的EDTA、1%triton、蛋白酶抑制剂)中匀浆小鼠脂肪组织。转移通过SDS-PAGE分离的总蛋白裂解物(2μg)到PVDF膜上,并用抗小鼠ApoE(ab20874,Abcam)和抗微管蛋白α/β(2148,CellSignaling)抗体进行印迹。
黑素瘤临床样本中的ApoE表达分析
严格地根据IRB指南进行全部实验样本的获得、加工和分析。先前在MSKCC从患者切除原发性黑素瘤皮肤病变,福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋,并切成5μm厚的切片。使用D6E10抗ApoE抗体(ab1906,Abcam)通过双盲免疫组织化学分析评估ApoE的蛋白表达。
组织化学
用PBS心脏内灌注动物,然后用4%的多聚甲醛(PFA)固定。固定的肺包埋在石蜡中,并切成5μm厚的增量。通过H&E染色使肉眼可见的肺转移性结节可视化。对于肿瘤内皮细胞含量、增殖和细胞凋亡的分析,分别用抗MECA-32(Developmental Studies HybridomaBank,University of Iowa)、KI-67(ab15580,Abcam)和裂解的半胱天冬酶3(9661,CellSignaling)的抗体染色石蜡包埋的原发性肿瘤切片。
尾静脉转移测定
用稳定表达编码萤光素酶报告基因的逆转录病毒构建物(Ponomarev et al.,2004)转化用于体内转移测定的黑素瘤细胞,其允许通过生物发光成像监测黑素瘤细胞的体内表达。通过尾静脉静脉注射重悬在100μL的PBS中的下列数目的黑素瘤细胞:4×104个MeWo细胞、2.5×105个HT-144细胞、2×105个SK-Mel-334.2细胞、5×104个B16F10细胞和1×105个YUMM细胞。注射MeWo、HT-144和SK-Mel-334.2细胞到6~8周龄的性别匹配的NOD scid小鼠中,而注射B16F10和YUMM细胞到6~8周龄的性别匹配的C57BL/6小鼠中。在评估GW3965对转移形成的影响的全部实验中,用对照食物或补充GW3965(20mg/kg)的食物预处理小鼠10天。为评估GW3965处理对脑转移的影响,心脏内注射1×105个MeWo脑转移性衍生物到无胸腺的裸鼠中。注释后立即随机分配小鼠为对照食物或补充GW3965的食物(100mg/kg)。为确定口服递送GW3965是否可抑制初期转移的进展,用4×104个MeWo细胞静脉注射NOD Scid小鼠,并让细胞定植于肺42天,然后不知情地分配小鼠为对照食物或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的食物处理。
原位转移测定
为确定GW3965处理对从原位分离的黑素瘤细胞的肺定植的效果,皮下注射1×106个表达萤光素酶报告基因的MeWo细胞到NOD Scid小鼠的两个较低的胁腹。当形成测量的体积为~300mm3的肿瘤时,切除肿瘤,并随机分配小鼠对照食物或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的食物处理。在切除肿瘤后一个月,取出肺,并通过离体生物发光成像测量肺的定植。为了组织学地证实黑素瘤的肺定植,然后在4%的PFA中固定肺过夜,石蜡包埋,切成5μM的增量,并染色人波形蛋白(VP-V684,Vector Laboratories)。
产生耐达卡巴嗪的黑素瘤细胞
通过在DTIC(D2390,Sigma-Aldrich,St.Louis,MO)存在下连续地培养细胞而产生耐达卡巴嗪的B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞。首先,用500μg/mL DTIC处理细胞一周。在该初始的DTIC处理后,让剩余(~10%)的活细胞恢复一周,然后加入750μg/mL的DTIC到细胞培养基5天。在这个高剂量的处理后,在低剂量的DTIC(100μg/mL)的存在下让细胞恢复一周。然后,在移植细胞到小鼠中前,在包含200μg/mL的DTIC的细胞培养基中连续地培养细胞至少一个月。每3天加DTIC到新鲜的癌细胞培养基。对于肿瘤生长实验,皮下注射5×104个B16F10亲本和耐DTIC细胞到7周龄的C57BL/6小鼠的下胁腹。在形成测量的体积为5~10mm3的小肿瘤后,随机分配小鼠到下面的处理组:(1)对照食物+载体,腹腔注射;(2)对照食物+DTIC腹腔注射(50mg/kg);(3)补充GW3965的食物(100mg/kg)+载体,腹腔注射。在柠檬酸的存在下溶解DTIC(重量计1:1)到水中,并通过腹膜内注射每日施予。在DTIC处理带有测量的体积为600~800mm3的MeWo肿瘤的小鼠后,产生耐DTIC的MeWo人黑素瘤细胞系克隆。在最初的两周期间响应于每日DTIC剂量(50mg/kg,腹腔注射)的最初肿瘤收缩后,肿瘤最终发展为抗性,并重新开始生长,在此点分离肿瘤细胞,并建立耐DTIC的MeWo细胞系。细胞在DTIC(200μg/mL)的存在下体外扩增一周,然后再注射5×105个耐DTIC的MeWo细胞到8周龄的Nod SCIDγ小鼠。在肿瘤生长至5~10mm3的体积后,不知情地分配小鼠为下面的处理组:(1)对照食物;(2)对照食物+DTIC(50mg/kg);(3)补充GW3965的食物(100mg/kg)。为确定DTIC对亲本的未选择的MeWo细胞的肿瘤生长的影响,皮下注射5×105个MeWo细胞到Nod SCIDγ小鼠中,并在形成测量的体积为5~10mm3的肿瘤后,用对照载体或DTIC(50mg/kg)处理小鼠。如上述,在间隔2日无处理的间隔的5个连续的每日处理组成的循环中每日施予DTIC。每周测量肿瘤的生长两次。
遗传引发的黑素瘤进展模型
Dankort等人(2009)先前已经建立并表征了黑素瘤进展的Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E /+;Ptenlox/+/Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox的条件模型。简言之,通过以25mg/kg连续3天腹腔内注射花生油中的4-HT(H6278,70%同分异构体,Sigma-Aldrich,St Louis,MO)而在6周龄诱发这些小鼠中的黑素瘤。通过在45℃加热5分钟并混合以50mg/mL溶解其于100%的EtOH而制备4-HT的储备溶液。一旦溶解,则在花生油中稀释4-HT的储备溶液10倍,生产5mg/mL的4-HT工作溶液,其然后被注射到小鼠中。在第一次注射4-HT后,不知情地分配小鼠接受对照食物或补充GW3965(100mg/kg)的食物。一周三次检查小鼠黑素瘤病变的存在和进展。在第35天,从对照处理的和GW3965处理的小鼠收集背部皮肤样本,在4%的PFA中固定,并以10×拍摄。使用ImageJ量化总的皮肤区域中的染色的黑素瘤病变区域的百分比。对于存活分析,根据标准的身体状况评分每日监测小鼠的黑素瘤进展并考虑垂死状态以及与黑素瘤负担的进展相关的不适的最初症状将其安乐死。死后,收集肺、脑和唾液腺,并检查肉眼可见的黑素瘤病变的存在。
小鼠的基因分型
如Jackson Lab所推荐的,使用标准的PCR条件进行全部的小鼠基因分型。下面的基因分型引物用于各个PCR反应:
Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/+和Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠:
B-Raf正向:5’-TGA GTA TTT TTG TGG CAA CTG C-3’
B-Raf反向:5’-CTC TGC TGG GAA AGC GGC-3’
Pten正向:5’-CAA GCA CTC TGC GAA CTG AG-3’
Pten反向:5’-AAG TTT TTG AAG GCA AGA TGC-3’
Cre转基因正向:5’-GCG GTC TGG CAG TAA AAA CTA TC-3’
Cre转基因反向:5’-GTG AAA CAG CAT TGC TGT CAC TT-3’
阳性内对照正向:5’-CTA GGC CAC AGA ATT GAA AGA TCT-3’
阳性内对照反向:5’-GTA GGT GGA AAT TCT AGC ATC ATC C-3’
ApoE-/-小鼠:
共同的正向:5’-GCC TAG CCG AGG GAG AGC CG-3’
野生型反向:5’-TGT GAC TTG GGA GCT CTG CAG C-3’
突变体反向:5’-GCC GCC CCG ACT GCA TCT-3’
LXRα-/-小鼠:
共同的正向:5’-TCA GTG GAG GGA AGG AAA TG-3’
野生型反向:5’-TTC CTG CCC TGG ACA CTT AC-3’
突变体反向:5’-TTG TGC CCA GTC ATA GCC GAA T-3’
LXRβ-/-小鼠:
共同的正向:5’-CCT TTT CTC CCT GAC ACC G-3’
野生型反向:5’-GCA TCC ATC TGG CAG GTT C-3’
突变体反向:5’-AGG TGA GAT GAC AGG AGA TC-3’
细胞增殖和存活测定:
为确定GW3965、T0901317和蓓萨罗丁对体外细胞生长的影响,2.5×104个黑素瘤细胞一式三份接种在6孔板中,并在每种均1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁的存在下培养。在5天后,使用选择性标记死亡细胞的台盼蓝染料(72-57-1,Sigma-Aldrich)计数存活的细胞和死亡的细胞的数目。
细胞侵袭测定
如先前所详细说明的(Pencheva et al.,2012),使用穿孔基质胶侵袭腔系统(354480,BD Biosciences)进行细胞侵袭实验。简言之,在1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁的存在下培养各种黑素瘤细胞56个小时,然后在每种药物的存在下,转变黑素瘤细胞到饥饿培养基(0.2%的FBS)中16个小时。在饥饿后,接种细胞到涂布基质胶的穿孔插入物中,并让侵袭测定在37℃进行24个小时。对于ApoE抗体中和实验,在测定开始时加40μg/mL的1D7抗ApoE封闭性抗体(Heart Institute,University of Ottawa,Ottawa,加拿大)或40μg/mL的抗IgG对照抗体(AB-108-C,R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN)到每个穿孔插入物。
内皮募集测定
如上述(Pencheva et al.,2012;Png et al.,2012)进行内皮募集测定。用1μM的DMSO、GW3965、T0901317或蓓萨罗丁处理黑素瘤细胞56个小时,然后,在每种药物的存在下将5×104个细胞接种在24孔板中,并在开始测定前附着16个小时。HUVEC细胞在含有0.2%FBS的EGM-2培养基中血清饥饿过夜。次日,将1×105HUVEC细胞接种到装入在包含有癌细胞的每个孔底部中的3.0μm HTS Fluoroblock穿孔迁移插入物(351151,BD Falcon,SanJose,CA)。在37℃让HUVEC细胞向癌细胞迁移20个小时,然后如上述处理插入物(Penchevaet al.,2012)。对于ApoE抗体中和实验,40μg/mL的1D7抗ApoE封闭抗体(Heart Institute,University of Ottawa,Ottawa,加拿大)或40μg/mL的抗IgG对照抗体(AB-108-C,R&DSystems,Minneapolis,MN)在测定开始时加到每个穿孔插入物。
基于慢病毒shRNA的基因敲降
如上述(Pencheva et al.,2012;Png et al.,2012),将shRNA整合入通过转染6μg的载体A、12μg的载体K和12μg的shRNA质粒到HEK-293T包装细胞中而制备的慢病毒颗粒。如上述(Pencheva et al.,2012),在10μg/mL的聚凝胺(TR-1003-G,Millipore,Billerica,MA)的存在下进行慢病毒shRNA转导6个小时。转导后,扩增细胞72个小时,在2μg/mL的嘌呤霉素(P8833,Sigma-Aldrich)的存在下培养细胞72个小时而进行慢病毒选择。
使用如下的shRNA序列:
人类:
sh1LXRα:5’-CCGGCCGACTGATGTTCCCACGGATCTCGAGATCCGTGGGAACATCAGTCGGTTTTT-3’
sh2LXRα:5’-CCGGGCAACTCAATGATGCCGAGTTCTCGAGAACTCGGCATCATTGAGTTGCTTTTT-3’
sh1LXRβ:5’-CCGGAGAGTGTATCACCTTCTTGAACTCGAGTTCAAGAAGGTGATACACTCTTTTTT-3’
sh2LXRβ:5’-CCGGGAAGGCATCCACTATCGAGATCTCGAGATCTCGATAGTGGATGCCTTCTTTTT-3’
shApoE:5’-CCGGGCAGACACTGTCTGAGCAGGTCTCGAGACCTGCTCAGACAGTGTCTGCTTTTT-3’
小鼠:
sh_mLXRα:5’-CCGGGCAACTCAATGATGCTGAGTTCTCGAGAACTCAGCATCATTGAGTTGCTTTTT-3’
sh_mLXRβ:5’-CCGGTGAGATCATGTTGCTAGAAACCTCGAGGTTTCTAGCAACATGATCTCATTTTTG-3’
sh_mApoE:5’-CCGGGAGGACACTATGACGGAAGTACTCGAGTACTTCCGTCATAGTGTCCTCTTTTT-3’
通过qRT-PCR的基因表达分析:
使用Total RNA Purification试剂盒(17200,Norgen,Thorold,加拿大)从全细胞裂解物中提取RNA。然后,使用cDNA First-Strand Synthesis试剂盒(18080-051,Invitrogen)反转录600ng的总RNA为cDNA,并且如前述(Pencheva et al.,2012)使用ABIPrism 7900HT Real-Time PCR System(Applied Biosystems,Austin,TX)进行实时定量PCR扩增。一式四份地进行每个PCR反应。根据用作内源对照的GAPDH使基因表达归一化。
使用下面的引物:
人类:
ApoE正向:5’-TGGGTCGCTTTTGGGATTAC-3’
ApoE反向:5’-TTCAACTCCTTCATGGTCTCG-3’
GAPDH正向:5’-AGCCACATCGCTCAGACAC-3’
GAPDH反向:5’-GCCCAATACGACCAAATCC-3’
LXRα_正向:5’-GTTATAACCGGGAAGACTTTGC-3’
LXRα_反向:5’-AAACTCGGCATCATTGAGTTG-3’
LXRβ_正向:5’-TTTGAGGGTATTTGAGTAGCGG-3’
LXRβ_反向:5’-CTCTCGCGGAGTGAACTAC-3’
小鼠:
ApoE正向:5’-GACCCTGGAGGCTAAGGACT-3’
ApoE反向:5’-AGAGCCTTCATCTTCGCAAT-3’
GAPDH正向:5’-GCACAGTCAAGGCCGAGAAT-3’
GAPDH反向:5’-GCCTTCTCCATGGTGGTGAA-3’
LXRα正向:5’-GCGCTCAGCTCTTGTCACT-3’
LXRα反向:5’-CTCCAGCCACAAGGACATCT-3’
LXRβ正向:5’-GCTCTGCCTACATCGTGGTC-3’
LXRβ反向:5’-CTCATGGCCCAGCATCTT-3’
ABCA1正向:5’-ATGGAGCAGGGAAGACCAC-3’
ABCA1反向:5’-GTAGGCCGTGCCAGAAGTT-3’
ApoE促进子活性检测
使用NheI和SacI限制性内切酶克隆由跨ApoE基因上游的980个碱基对和下游的93个碱基对的序列组成的ApoE促进子到pGL3-Basic载体(E1751,Promega Corporation,Madison,WI)的萤火虫荧光素酶基因的上游。然后,使用MluI和SacI限制性酶直接克隆多个增强子元件1(ME.1)和2(ME.2)到ApoE促进子的上游。为评价LXR激动剂的ApoE促进子和ME.1/ME.2-驱动的转录激活,5×104的MeWo细胞接种到24孔板中。次日,100ng的pGL3-ME.1/ME.2-ApoE促进子构建物和2ng的pRL-CMV海肾荧光素酶构建物(E2261,Promega)在1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317的存在下每种条件一式四份共转化到细胞中。为评价LXRα或LXRβ的转录的激活,接种5×104个表达对照shRNA或靶向LXRα或LXRβ的shRNA的MeWo细胞到24孔板中。次日,在1μM的DMSO、GW3965或T0901317的存在下,每种条件一式四份共转染200ng的pGL3-ME.1/ME.2-ApoE促进子构建物和2ng的pRL-CMV海肾荧光素酶到细胞中。在24个小时后,裂解细胞,并使用Dual Luciferase Assay System(E1960,Promega)和Bio-TekSynergy NEO Microplate Reader分析细胞裂解物的萤火虫荧光素酶和海肾荧光素酶活性。归一化萤火虫荧光素酶信号为海肾萤光素酶信号,并且全部的数据表示为相对于在DMSO处理的对照细胞中测量的荧光素酶活性的比。
使用下述克隆引物:
ApoE-促进子正向:5’-TCA TAG CTA GCG CAG AGC CAG GAT TCA CGC CCT G-3’
ApoE-促进子反向:5’-TGG TCC TCG AGG AAC CTT CAT CTT CCT GCC TGT GA-3’
ME.1正向:5’-TAG TTA CGC GTA GTA GCC CCC ATC TTT GCC-3’
ME.1反向:5’-AAT CAG CTA GCC CCT CAG CTG CAA AGC TC-3’
ME.2正向:5’-TAG TTA CGC GTA GTA GCC CCC TCT TTG CC-3’
ME.2反向:5’-AAT CAG CTA GCC CTT CAG CTG CAA AGC TCT G-3’
肿瘤组织化学
从小鼠切除肿瘤,并在4%的多聚甲醛中于4℃固定48个小时。然后,石蜡包埋肿瘤,并切成5μm厚的增量。对于肿瘤中的内皮细胞含量分析,用抗小鼠内皮细胞标记物MECA-32的一抗(Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank,The University of Iowa,IA)染色肿瘤切片,并用DAPI核染色复染色。为确定癌细胞增殖和细胞凋亡,分别用抗增殖标记物Ki-67(Abcam,ab15580,Cambridge,MA)和细胞凋亡标记物裂解的半胱天冬酶3(9661,CellSignaling,Danvers,MA)的抗体染色肿瘤切片。各种缀合Alexa Flour染料的二抗用于检测一抗。用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)测量荧光,5×的放大率用于MECA-32和Ki-67染色,并且10×的放大率用于裂解的半胱天冬酶3的染色。通过计算MECA-32或Ki-67阳性染色区域占总的肿瘤面积的平均百分比而量化内皮细胞含量密度和肿瘤增殖速度。
分析原发性黑素瘤病变中的ApoE表达
在MSKCC从黑素瘤患者切除人原发性黑素瘤皮肤样本,福尔马林固定,包埋在石蜡中,并切成5μm厚的增量。为确定ApoE蛋白质的表达,通过两个连续的二甲苯洗涤(每次5分钟)而使样本第一次脱石蜡,并以一系列的乙醇洗涤(100%、95%、80%和70%的EtOH)再水化。通过在蛋白酶K的存在下(5μg/mL)室温孵育样本20分钟而恢复ApoE抗原。为猝灭内源的氧化还原酶的活性,在3%的H2O2溶液中孵育切片。然后于室温在三个连续的抗生物素蛋白、生物素和马血清封闭溶液中各封闭切片15分钟(SP-2001,Vector Laboratories,Burlingame,CA)。通过用D6E10抗ApoE抗体(ab1908,Abcam)染色而检测ApoE,所述抗体在4℃于PBS中以1:100的稀释过夜使用。然后,通过在缀合过氧化物酶的二抗(PK-4002,VectorLaboratories)中孵育切片并暴露于DAB(SK-4105,Vector Laboratories)氧化反应而识别一抗。以10×的放大率成像切片,并以盲方式进行分析。通过计数DAB阳性细胞的数目并测量细胞外ApoE染色的面积而量化ApoE的表达。总的ApoE染色信号表示为基于用于每个样本的匹配的H&E染色的切片确定的每个指定的肿瘤区域的染色区域的百分比。通过绘制作为在患者的原发性黑素瘤病变中ApoE表达的函数的每个患者的无复发生存数据而产生描述患者的无转移存活时间的Kaplan-Meier曲线。其肿瘤具有低于群体的中值ApoE表达的ApoE水平的患者分类为ApoE阴性,而其黑素瘤表达的ApoE大于中值的患者分类为ApoE阳性。先前记录的患者转移性复发到例如肺、脑、骨、软组织和皮下组织和皮肤的位点的历史记录使得能够回顾性确定在原发性黑素瘤位点的ApoE表达与转移性复发间的关系。
实施例2内源Mir-1908、Mir-199a-3p和Mir-199a-5p促进人黑素瘤转移
为了鉴别黑素瘤转移的miRNA调节子,用染色的MeWo和未染色的A375人黑素瘤细胞系体内筛选(Pollack and Fidler,1982),以产生多个二代(LM2)和三代(LM3)肺转移性衍生物。MeWo-LM2和A375-LM3系的转移性潜力的比较显示这些衍生物在肺定植测定中比它们各自的亲本群体显著更有效地转移(图12A~B)。894个成熟miRNA的基于杂交的小RNA谱及随后的定量茎环PCR(qRT-PCR)揭示了四个miRNA(miR-1908、miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-214)在多个A375和MeWo转移性衍生物中相对于各自的亲本细胞上调超过两倍(图1A~B、12C)。多个转移性衍生物的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-214和miR-1908的显著诱导表明这些miRNA的促进转移的作用。基于生物发光信号定量和总的肺组织学,miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p(伴随miR-199a发夹的过表达)和miR-1908前体的逆转录病毒介导的转化和过表达导致肺转移性定植的强劲的增加(图1C、12D;9.64倍的增加,对于miR-1908P=0.016;8.62倍的增加,对于miR-199a,P=0.028),而miR-214过表达未显著地影响转移。重要地,每个miR-199a和miR-1908的过表达均增加了形成的转移性结节的数目(图12E),与这些miRNA在转移性引发中的作用一致。这些发现还揭示了miR-199a和miR-1908足以增强转移性定植。
接着,进行测定以检查这些miRNA的内源水平是否促进了转化。为此,通过miR-Zip技术在高转移性细胞中抑制了miR-1908和由miR-199a发夹产生的两种miRNA(miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p)的每种。这些miRNA各自分别抑制了转移性定植超过7倍(图1D;对于miR-1908抑制,P=0.047;对于miR-199a-3p抑制,P=0.010;对于miR-199a-5p抑制,P=0.015),并显著地减小了形成的转移性结节的数目(图12F)。
为确定这些miRNA是否还促进独立细胞系中的转化,在A375转移性衍生细胞系中沉默它们的表达。实际上,抑制miR-1908、miR-199a-3p或miR-199a-5p显著地降低了转移性A375-LM3细胞的肺定植能力(图1E),确定这三种miRNA为人黑素瘤细胞转移的内源促进子。
考虑到miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p在人细胞转移的小鼠模型中促进黑素瘤转移的强大功能作用,进行另外的测定以检查这些miRNA的表达是否与人原发性黑素瘤病变的转移的能力相关。为此,以不知情的方式通过qRT-PCR分析从Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC)患者获得的71个原发性黑素瘤皮肤病变的miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p的表达水平。与上述功能研究一致,与那些未诱导的相比,全部三种miRNA在转移的原发性黑素瘤中显著地被诱导(图1F;对于miR-1908,P=0.037;对于miR-199a-3p,P=0.0025;对于miR-199a-5p,P=0.0068for),表明这些miRNA在原发性病变中上调的表达是指示黑素瘤癌症进展的早期事件。
实施例3Mir-1908、Mir-199a-3p和Mir-199a-5p促进细胞侵袭和内皮募集
在该实施例中,进行测定以确定miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p调节转移的细胞机制。
首先,检查这些miRNA是否通过增强增殖或肿瘤生长而促进了转移。与此相反,每个miRNA的过表达减小了细胞增殖(图13A)。更重要地,miR-1908过表达未提高原发肿瘤的生长,而miR-199a的过表达实际上导致肿瘤体积的显著减小(35%,P<0.001)(图2A),表明miR-1908和miR-199a的促转移(pro-metastatic)的作用对于肿瘤生长促进或增强细胞增殖不是继发的。
接下来,检查这些miRNA是否调节细胞侵袭(关键的转移性表型)。表达较高水平的这些miRNA的转移性LM2细胞显示相对于它们的较低转移性亲本群体显著提高的基质胶侵袭能力(图13B)。因此,过表达miR-199a和miR-1908各自增强了亲本MeWo细胞通过基质胶侵袭的能力(图2B;对于miR-199为提高三倍;对于miR-1908为提高二倍)。相反地,miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908各自的抑制显著地减小了MeWo-LM2(图2C)以及A375-LM3(图2D)转移性黑素瘤细胞衍生物的侵袭能力。
考虑到这些miRNA对转移性进展的强的作用,进行进一步的分析,以检查它们是否可调节任何促转移表型。虽然miR-199a或miR-1908的过表达未调节黑素瘤细胞附着到内皮细胞(图13C)、抗脱落凋亡(图13D)、血清饥饿的条件下的存活(图13E)或集落形成(图13F),但是每种miRNA显著增强了(超过三倍的提高)亲本MeWo细胞在穿孔内皮募集测定中募集内皮细胞的能力(图2E)。与此一致,生理地过表达miR-199a和miR-1908的转移性Mewo-LM2细胞比它们的亲本细胞更有效地募集内皮细胞(图13G)。相反地,在转移性MeWo-LM2(图2F)和A375-LM3细胞(图2G)中抑制miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908则抑制了内皮募集,与这些miRNA增强转移性黑素瘤细胞的内皮募集能力的要求和充分性一致。
为确定内源miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908是否在体内调节转移性细胞的内皮募集,通过进行标记人MeWo黑素瘤细胞的人波形蛋白和标记小鼠内皮细胞的小鼠内皮细胞抗原(MECA-32)的共免疫染色而进行测定,以检查转移性血管的密度。显著地,抑制miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908各自导致转移性结节中血管密度的显著减少(对于miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p平均3倍,对于miR-1908 4.7倍)(图2H;对于miR-199a-3p,P<0.001;对于miR-199a-5p,P<0.001for;并且对于miR-1908,P<0.001),揭示了这些miRNA在促进转移性内皮细胞含量和转移性血管生成中的功能。相反地,每种miRNA在差的转移性黑素瘤细胞中的过表达显著地提高了转移性血管密度(图13H)。这些发现揭示了miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908在黑素瘤进展中对于增强侵袭和内皮募集是必要的和充分的。
实施例4Mir-1908、Mir-199a-3p和Mir-199a-5p汇聚地及协同地靶向Apoe和DNAJA4
在该实施例中,使用系统的和无偏的方法识别这些miRNA直接的分子靶标。
由于miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p介导相同组的体内和体外表型,并且miR-199a-5p和miR-199a-3p源自相同的前体发夹,所以假设这些miRNA的促转移表型可通过共同的靶基因的沉默而产生。考虑到哺乳动物miRNA主要通过使靶标mRNA转录本失稳而起作用(Guo et al.,2010Nature 466,835-840),在每种miRNA的功能丧失及功能获得的情况下进行黑素瘤细胞的转录组分析。这揭示了一小组被miR-199a和miR-1908两者抑制并在表达这些miRNA的较高内源水平的转移性LM2衍生物中显示较低的水平的基因(图14A)。定量RT-PCR验证了两个在高转移性LM2细胞中被miR-199a和miR-1908显著地调节并被显著地沉默的基因:代谢基因载脂蛋白E(ApoE)和热激蛋白DNAJA4(图3A和图14B-D)。
为确定ApoE和DNAJA4是否直接被miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p靶向,通过异源的萤光素酶报告基因检查每种miRNA对其假定基因的稳定性的影响。有趣地,miR-199a的过表达抑制了ApoE和DNAJA4二者的3’非翻译区(UTR)和编码序列(CDS)的稳定性,而miR-1908的过表达使ApoE的3’UTR和DNAJA4的3’UTR和CDS失稳。与直接靶向一致,突变每个靶上的miRNA互补序列消除了miRNA介导的调控(图3B)。在内源靶向的直接试验中,转移性LM2细胞中单个miRNA抑制导致提高的靶标稳定性(图3C),其在突变miRNA靶向位点时则被去除(图14E),揭示了ApoE被miR-1908和miR-199a-5p直接靶向,而DNAJA4直接地被三种miRNA靶向(图3D)。重要地,这两个基因的CDS和3’UTR在表达三种调节miRNA的生理更高水平的高转移性LM2细胞中较不稳定,表明这些miRNA的ApoE和DNAJA4的内源靶向与黑素瘤转移相关(图3E)。
考虑到miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908对共同靶基因的分子的汇聚性,接下来检查这些靶标(ApoE和DNAJA4)是否调节这些miRNA产生的转移性表型。在转移性LM2细胞中过表达每个基因导致细胞侵袭和内皮募集表型的显著减少(图3F~G、14F)。相反地,在差的转移性细胞中使用独立的发夹敲降ApoE或DNAJA4显著地增强了细胞侵袭和内皮募集(图3H~I,14G),揭示了ApoE和DNAJA4的作用为这些促转移表型的内源抑制子-与上述转移促进miRNA的靶向一致。
实施例5ApoE和DNAJA4介导依赖于miR-199a和miR-1908的转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植
为确定ApoE和DNAJA4是否是miR-199a和miR-1908下游的直接生物效应子,进行测定,以检查这两个靶向基因是否上位地与每个miRNA相互作用。如预期地,miRNA沉默降低了高转移性黑素瘤细胞的侵袭和内皮募集性能。重要地,在miRNA抑制的条件下ApoE或DNAJA4的敲将显著地堵塞了沉默每种miRNA时侵袭(图4A和4C)及内皮募集(图4B和4D)的抑制。显著地,在减少miR-1908或miR-199a-5p的细胞中这些基因的任一种的敲降完全挽救了由miRNA抑制产生的转移性定植的显著抑制(图4E~F,15E)。相反地,在过表达miR-1908(图4G-H、15F)或miR-199a(图15G-I)的细胞中ApoE或DNAJA4的过表达足以抑制细胞侵袭和内皮募集。此外,ApoE或DNAJA4的过表达足以抑制miRNA介导的转移性定植(图15J)。重要地,高转移性A375-LM3细胞的miRNA依赖的增强的细胞侵袭和内皮募集(图4I-J,15K)也需要ApoE和DNAJA4。
为确定ApoE和DNAJA4是否还体内调节miRNA依赖的转移性内皮募集,在miRNA抑制的条件下通过这些基因的每个的细胞敲降而形成的肺转移性结节中进行黑素瘤转移(人波形蛋白)和内皮细胞(MECA-32)的共免疫染色。显著地,敲降ApoE或DNAJA4导致在具有miRNA沉默的细胞中产生的转移中显著(>3.5倍)提高了转移性血管密度(图4K,对于ApoE和DNAJA4敲降细胞,P<0.01)。这些发现揭示了ApoE和DNAJA4是黑素瘤中这些促转移miRNA诱导的miRNA依赖的转移性侵袭、定植和内皮募集表型的直接的下游效应子。
实施例6黑素瘤细胞分泌的Apoe是侵袭和内皮募集的必要且充分的调节子,而Apoe的基因缺失促进了转移
ApoE为分泌的因子。因此,可检查黑素瘤细胞分泌的ApoE是否可抑制侵袭和内皮募集。因此,通过ELISA检测的细胞外ApoE水平在转移性LM2细胞中比在较少转移的亲本细胞中低3.5倍-转移性LM2细胞表达更高水平的miR-199a和miR-1908(图5A)。内源miR-199a和miR-1908还显著地抑制了分泌的ApoE水平(图5B和16A)。
接下来,通过使用中和抗体(1D7)抑制ApoE增强了表达高内源水平的ApoE的亲本MeWo细胞的细胞侵袭(图5C;1.68倍提高)和内皮募集(图5D;1.84倍提高),所述中和抗体识别ApoE的受体结合结构域(图14C)。相反地,加入重组人ApoE显著地抑制了转移性LM2细胞的侵袭和内皮募集(图5E),转移性LM2细胞显示了低的内源ApoE水平(图14C)。重要地,加入重组的ApoE未影响黑素瘤细胞或内皮细胞在血清饥饿的条件下的体外增殖(图16B~C)或存活(图16D~E),表明重组ApoE对这些表型的抑制对降低的增殖或破坏的存活不是继发的。与ApoE是miR-199a和miR-1908的上位下游一致,用ApoE中和抗体1D7中和ApoE显著地取消了每个miRNA抑制所观察到的抑制的侵袭和内皮募集表型(图5F~G)。上述发现揭示了黑素瘤细胞分泌的ApoE是黑素瘤中miRNA依赖的侵袭和内皮募集表型的必要的和充分的抑制子。
进行进一步的检测,以研究未得到良好表征的热激蛋白DNAJA4介导内皮募集和侵袭的机制。考虑到ApoE和DNAJA4显示的表型的共性,假设DNAJA4可起调节作用,并提高ApoE的水平。实际上,DNAJA4的敲降降低了ApoE的转录水平(图16F)以及分泌的ApoE水平(图5H),而DNAJA4过表达显著地提高了ApoE的表达(图16G)。与在ApoE的上游作用的DNAJA4一致,加入重组ApoE消除了DNAJA4敲降时所观察到的增强的细胞侵袭和内皮募集表型(图5I~J)。相反地,ApoE的抗体中和显著地阻塞了DNAJA4过表达表型所观察到的侵袭和内皮募集的抑制(图16H~I)。这些发现揭示了DNAJA4通过ApoE表达和产生的分泌的正调控而抑制了黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集。
考虑到三种转移促进miRNA与DNAJA4基因对ApoE的调控的汇聚性,进行检测以确定ApoE表达是否与人黑素瘤进展相关。为此,在痣、原发性的和转移性病变中分析公开的ApoE的基于阵列的表达数据(Haqq et al.,2005Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U S A 102,6092-6097)。与转移抑制功能一致,ApoE在远端器官转移中的水平相对于原发性(P<0.025)和痣病变(P<0.0003)显著地低(图5K)。
考虑到其与人黑素瘤进展显著的相关,接下来检查黑素瘤细胞中提高的ApoE信号是否在抑制黑素瘤转化中具有治疗效果。更具体地,在注射到小鼠前,用重组ApoE或BSA预培养转移性MeWo-LM2细胞24个小时。显著地,用ApoE预处理癌细胞强烈地抑制转移性定植超过300倍(图5L)。该黑素瘤细胞的ApoE预培养显著地抑制了转移,反应了ApoE对黑素瘤细胞的作用对于转移引发是关键的,因为用ApoE预处理的细胞呈现减小的侵袭能力,需要侵袭能力以开始导致肺定植的转移性事件。
考虑到ApoE对转移和转移性表型发挥的强的影响,以及其与人黑素瘤进展强的相关性,进行进一步的检测,以研究系统的ApoE基因缺失对黑素瘤转移的免疫活性小鼠模型中的黑素瘤进展的影响。与细胞外ApoE在转移中主要的抑制功能一致,注射到循环系统中的B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞在ApoE遗传缺失小鼠中呈现比它们的野生型同窝出生仔畜大7倍的转移性定植的提高(图5M)。这些发现证实了系统和癌症分泌的ApoE是人和小鼠黑素瘤转移的强的抑制子。
实施例7细胞外ApoE发散地靶向黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮细胞LRP8受体
在这个实施例中,进行检测,以研究ApoE抑制转移的分子机制。
为了鉴别介导侵袭的ApoE受体,敲降黑素瘤细胞中全部四个已知的ApoE受体VLDLR、LRP1、LRP8和LDLR(Hatters et al.,2006Trends Biochem.Sci.31,445-454;Hauseret al.,2011Prog.Lipid Res.50,62-740。有趣地,敲降LRP1而非其它ApoE受体消除了由重组ApoE引起的细胞侵袭抑制效果(图6A)。重要地,显示低水平的ApoE的转移性LM2细胞的LRP1敲降仅轻度提高了细胞侵袭(图17A),表明内源ApoE介导的LRP1的作用。
为确定LRP1是否还调节对侵袭和转移性定植的miRNA依赖的作用,在miRNA抑制的环境下敲降LRP1。在miRNA沉默的条件下LRP1的敲降恢复了由miRNA抑制产生的侵袭抑制表型(图6B、17B)。与这些体外结果一致,LRP1敲降显著地增强了沉默miR-1908的LM2细胞的体内转移性定植(图6C、17C)。这些发现揭示了LRP1是miRNA/ApoE依赖性的黑素瘤侵袭和转移性定植的上位性下游。
虽然侵袭表型反映了ApoE对黑素瘤细胞的细胞自主的作用,内皮募集表型表明了癌细胞表达的ApoE直接对内皮细胞的非细胞自主作用。与此一致,用ApoE预处理内皮细胞显著地减小了它们迁移到高转移癌细胞的能力(图6D)。为了识别介导内皮募集表型的内皮细胞上的ApoE受体,敲降内皮细胞上全部四个已知的ApoE受体。有趣地,与癌细胞侵袭不同,内皮LRP8而非其它受体的任一个的敲降选择性并显著地消除了由miRNA沉默引起的对内皮募集的抑制(图6E、17D-E)。这些发现与LRP8受体为对内皮募集的miRNA/ApoE依赖的作用的下游内皮调节子一致。
接下来,进行检测以检查ApoE/LRP8信号是否还调节无癌细胞的系统中总的内皮迁移。因此,存在于内皮细胞培养基中的ApoE的抗体的中和显著地增强了内皮迁移(图6F),而重组ApoE在穿孔测定(图6G)以及基于梯度的趋化性检测(图6H))中足以以内皮细胞LRP8受体依赖的方式抑制内皮迁移。重要地,加入ApoE导致体内VEGF诱导的内皮募集到皮下基质胶栓塞的显著抑制(大于40倍)(图6I)。
考虑到ApoE在介导内皮募集中的必要性和充分性,进行进一步的测定以检查系统性的ApoE是否可调节转移性血管生成。与黑素瘤细胞分泌的ApoE对转移性内皮内含物的强的抑制相一致(图4K),与它们的野生型同窝出生仔畜相比,遗传缺失ApoE的小鼠显示在B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞形成的它们的肺转移性结节中更高的血管密度(图6J:2.41倍的增加,P=0.0055)。总之,上述发现揭示了ApoE在转移抑制中通过黑素瘤细胞LRP1和内皮细胞LRP8受体介导的发散信号的双重细胞自主/非细胞自主功能。
实施例8MiR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908在黑素瘤转移中作为强的预后和治疗靶标
为检查文中描述的转移促进子miRNA是否可用作转移性结果的临床预测物,在获自MSKCC患者的一队人黑素瘤样本中通过qRT-PCR以不知情的方式量化miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的表达水平。然后,确定这些miRNA在原发性的黑素瘤病变中的水平和转移性复发结果之间的关系。
重要地,其原发性黑素瘤病变表达更高(大于群体中值)水平的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908的患者更可能发展末端的转移,并呈现比其原发性黑素瘤表达更低水平的这些miRNA的每种的患者显著短的无转移存活时间(图7A-C,对于miR-199a-3p,P=0.0032,对于miR-199a-5p,P=0.0034,并且对于miR-1908,P=0.027)。显著地,三种miRNA合计的表达水平在分级具有高的转移复发风险的患者与具有非常低的转移复发风险的患者中显示最强的预后年龄(图7D,P<0.0001)。这些临床发现与这些miRNA在癌症进展调控中的的功能协同一致,并显示这些分子是黑素瘤转移的临床预后生物标记物。
考虑到目前缺少对预防黑素瘤转移的有效治疗的选择,以及三种调节性miRNA在黑素瘤转移中的强的预后价值,这些miRNA治疗性地靶向使用反义LNA的治疗(Elmer etal.,2008(a);Elmer et al.,2008(b))。用与成熟的miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p或miR-1908反义的LNA寡核苷酸预处理的高转移性MeWo-LM2细胞呈现减小大约四倍的转移性活性。考虑到这些miRNA之间协同性的临床证据,检查了沉默全部三种miRNA对转移性进展的影响。显著地,共转染抗全部三种miRNA的LNA抑制了转移性定植超过7倍,揭示了内源miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908之间显著的协同作用和协同性(图7E,P=0.004)。重要地,用三种LNA预处理这些miRNA的抑制未导致体外增殖的减小(图18A),表明显著的转移抑制表型不继发于破坏的增殖。在独立的A375转移性衍生系中组合的LNA介导的miRNA靶向还显著地抑制肺定植(图18B)。
接下来,检查组合的LNA诱导的miRNA抑制是否可抑制全身性的黑素瘤转移到多个末端器官。实际上,心脏内注射用靶向三种调控性miRNA的LNA的组合预处理的高转移性黑素瘤细胞揭示了内源miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908促进全身性的黑素瘤转移(图7F)。组合的LNA介导的三种miRNA的抑制导致末端位点(例如脑和骨,图7H~I)中全身性转移性病灶数目减小(图7G)。
进行进一步的检测,以检查全身地施予体内优化的LNA在黑素瘤转化预防中的治疗效果。为此,注射高转移性的MeWo-LM2细胞到小鼠中。次日,以两周为基础,用低的总剂量(12.5mg/kg)的靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA静脉注射治疗小鼠四周。显著地,组合的LNA治疗降低了肺的定植9倍(图7J,P=0.031),而没有任何明显的毒性的信号(图18C)。总之,上述发现揭示了汇集到ApoE信号上的新的miRNA依赖的调控网络,以控制黑素瘤转移性进展的细胞自主和非细胞自主特征(图7K)。上述基础研究已经识别了一组在黑素瘤的临床治疗中具有强大的预后和治疗潜力的miRNA。
实施例9Apoe/LRP1信号的依赖于miRNA的靶向促进了通过CTGF诱导的癌细胞的侵袭和内皮募集
在这个实施例中,识别结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)为ApoE/LRP1信号在癌细胞侵袭和内皮募集中的下游调节子。由qRT-PCR分析和ELISA确定的CTGF的表达水平通过ApoE/LRP1信号调节(图8A、8B和8C)。此外,由CTGF介导ApoE/LRP1调节的癌细胞侵袭和内皮募集(图8D、8E)。
实施例10CTGF介导miRNA依赖的转移性侵袭、内皮募集和定植
在这个检查中,进行测定以研究CTGF是否调节依赖于miRNA的侵袭和内皮募集。简言之,在靶向CTGF的封闭抗体的存在下,对过表达miR-199a或miR-1908的亲本MeWo细胞进行穿孔细胞侵袭和内皮募集测定。实际上,发现依赖于mir-199a和mir-1908的转移性侵袭和内皮募集由CTGF介导(图9A和9B)。为了研究体内黑素瘤转移(转移性定植)是否由CTGF介导,在过表达miR-199a或miR-1908的条件下通过5×104个敲降CTGF的亲本MeWo细胞对肺转移进行生物发光成像。在该条件下敲降CTGF导致体内黑素瘤转移的显著减少(图9C)。
实施例11用LXR激动剂GW3965处理提高了黑素瘤细胞ApoE和DNAJA4的水平,并抑制了癌细胞的侵袭、内皮募集和转移性定植
先前已经显示了肝脏X受体(LXR)的小分子激动剂提高了Apo E的水平。为了研究通过LXR活化提高Apo-E的水平是否导致治疗益处,进行测定,以评估LXR激动剂GW3965[化学名称:3-[3-[N-(2-氯代-3-三氟代甲基苄基)-(2,2-二苯基乙基)氨基]丙氧]苯乙酸盐酸盐])对Apo-E水平、肿瘤细胞侵袭、内皮募集和体内黑素瘤转移的作用(图10)。在治疗浓度的GW3965的存在下培养亲本MeWo细胞提高了ApoE和DNAJA4的表达(图10A和10B)。用GW3965预处理MeWO细胞减少了肿瘤细胞的侵袭(图10C)和内皮募集(图10D)。为检测GW3965是否可抑制体内转移,给于小鼠包含GW3965(20mg/kg)的基于谷物的饲料或对照饲料,并在尾静脉注射4×104个亲本MeWo细胞到小鼠后使用生物发光检测肺的转移(图10E)。以该方式口服施予GW3965给小鼠导致体内黑素瘤转移的显著减少(图10E)。
实施例12鉴别Mir-7为黑素瘤转移的内源抑制子
在该实施例中,识别miR-7为黑素瘤转移的内源抑制子(图11)。为测试miR-7是否抑制了体内黑素瘤的转移,使用miR-Zip技术在亲本MeWo细胞中敲降其表达(图11A)。在静脉注射4×104个表达miR-7的短的发夹(miR-Zip)抑制子(miR-7KD)的亲本MeWo细胞后,肺转移性定植的生物发光成像图显著地提高了体内的肺转移(图11A)。相反地,miR-7在LM2细胞中的过表达显著地减小了体内肺转移(图11B)。
癌症的复杂性需要使用系统性分析(Pe’er and Hacohen,2011)。通过系统性全局的方法,揭示了miRNA的协同的网络。miRNA i)在高转移性的人黑素瘤细胞中被上调,ii)对于黑素瘤中转移性定植和血管生成是必要且充分的,以及iii)是人黑素瘤转移复发的强的病理预测因子。通过基于转录组的及生物学指导的靶向识别方法,发现miR-1908、miR-199a-3p和miR-199a-5p会聚地靶向热激因子DNAJA4和代谢基因ApoE。转移对每一种单独miRNA的需要表明这三种会聚的miRNA在促进黑素瘤转移中是非冗余的,同时,通过组合的miRNA抑制获得的强的协同转移抑制揭示了这些miRNA之间的功能协同,通过对ApoE和DNAJA4的最大沉默而假定获得。鉴别ApoE为被三种转移促进的miRNA负向调节的基因,被转移抑制基因(DNAJA4)正调节,并在临床转移样本中被沉默,突出了该基因作为黑素瘤进展的抑制子的显著性。
实施例13鉴别LXRβ信号为黑素瘤中新的治疗靶标
为了鉴别在黑素瘤中显示广泛表达的细胞核激素受体,检查了在人黑素瘤细胞系的NCI-60聚集(collection)中全部细胞核激素受体家族成员的表达水平。数个受体在多个黑素瘤系中呈现稳定的表达,表明它们可代表黑素瘤中新的潜在的靶标(图19A和20A)。显著地,这些中,肝脏X受体(LXR)先前已经显示在脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞中增强ApoE的转录(Laffitte et al.,2001),而发现RXR的药学活化驱动ApoE在临床前阿尔茨海默病模型中的表达(Cramer et al.,2012)。
考虑到最近公开的ApoE在黑素瘤中的转移抑制功能(Pencheva et al.,2012),LXRβ和RXRα在黑素瘤中的普遍的基底表达,以及治疗地活化LXR和RXR的药学制剂的可用性,研究了黑素瘤细胞中LXR或RXR的活化是否可抑制黑素瘤进展表型。考虑到例如ER和AR的细胞核激素受体在调节乳腺和前列腺癌细胞的增殖中确立的功能,首先检查了LXR或RXR在黑素瘤细胞中的药理激活是否可体外影响细胞的生长。
用两种结构不同的LXR激动剂GW3965 2或T0901317 1或RXR激动剂蓓萨罗丁处理黑素瘤细胞未影响细胞增殖或细胞的存活率(图20B-C)。接着评估了LXR或RXR活化对细胞侵袭和内皮募集—转移性黑素瘤和转移性乳腺癌群体显示的表型—的影响(Pencheva etal.,2012;Png et al.,2012)。突变上不同的MeWo(B-Raf/N-Ras野生型)、HT-144(B-Raf突变体)和SK-Mel-2(N-Ras突变体)人黑素瘤系以及SK-Mel-334.2(B-Raf突变体)原发性人黑素瘤系用GW3965 2或T0901317 1处理一致地抑制了黑素瘤细胞通过基质胶侵袭的能力,以及在穿孔测定中募集内皮细胞的能力(图19B~C)。与之相比,用蓓萨罗丁处理仅在一半的实验的黑素瘤系中抑制了侵袭,并且它不显著地影响内皮募集表型(图19B~C)。
考虑到LXR在多个黑素瘤系中广泛地抑制细胞侵袭和内皮募集二者优于RXR激动剂,研究了在调节LXR激动剂的抑制作用中对LXR信号的需要。敲降黑素瘤LXRβ而非LXRα消除了GW3965 2和T0901317 1抑制侵袭和内皮募集的能力(图19D~G和图20D~G),揭示了黑素瘤细胞LXRβ是诱发这些体外表型的抑制中LXR激动剂的功能靶标。该分子发现与黑素瘤细胞表达的主要LXR同种型LXRβ一致(图19A,P<0.0001)。
LXRβ在黑素瘤中的普遍的基础表达可能反映了LXR在控制脂质运输、合成和分解代谢中的总的功能(Calkin and Tontonoz,2013)。在这样的稳定的LXRβ表达对保持黑素瘤细胞代谢和生长很关键的同时,还使得LXR信号是黑素瘤的广谱治疗靶向的有吸引力的候选物。
实施例14LXR激动剂的治疗性递送抑制了黑素瘤的肿瘤生长
最初开发LXR激动剂作为用于降低患有血脂障碍和动脉粥样硬化的患者中的胆固醇的口服药物候选物(Collins et al.,2002;Joseph and Tontonoz,2003)。在它们在大的动物预临床模型中不能够减小血脂水平后,在临床上抛弃了这些化合物(Groot et al.,2005)。
考虑到GW3965 2和T0901317 1体外抑制黑素瘤进展表型的强的能力(图19B~C),研究了治疗性LXR活化是否可用于治疗黑素瘤。实际上,在形成测量的体积为5~10mm3的皮下肿瘤后,以低的剂量(20mg/kg)口服施予GW3965 2或T0901317 1分别抑制了侵袭性B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞在免疫活性模型中的肿瘤生长67%和61%(图21A-B)。施予更高的LXR激动剂剂量(100mg/kg)导致肿瘤生长减少80%(图21A),与剂量依赖性抑制作用一致。
口服施予GW3965 2还强列地抑制了MeWo(70%的抑制)和SK-Mel-2(49%的抑制)人黑素瘤细胞系以及SK-Mel-334.2原发性人黑素瘤系(73%抑制)的肿瘤生长(图21C-E和图22A)。
受LXR激动剂对小的肿瘤(5~10mm3)的强的肿瘤抑制作用所鼓舞(图21A-E),接着研究了LXR活化治疗是否可抑制大的(~150mm3)肿瘤的生长。
发现GW3965 2治疗导致建立的大的B16F10肿瘤大约50%的降低(图21F)。重要地,建立肿瘤后,治疗性递送GW3965 2实质上延长了注射小鼠B16F10细胞的免疫活性小鼠、具有来源于人MeWo的已建立黑素瘤系的肿瘤异种移植的免疫妥协小鼠以及SK-Mel.334-2原发性人黑素瘤系的总的存活时间(图21G~I)。这些发现与多种突变亚型的黑变的以及无黑变的已建立的黑素瘤肿瘤的LXR活化治疗的广谱反应性一致:B-Raf和N-Ras野生型(B16F10和MeWo;图21A~C)、B-Raf突变体(SK-Mel-334.2;图21D)和N-Ras突变体(SK-Mel-2;图21E)。
接着尝试确定LXR激动剂在抑制肿瘤生长中调节的细胞生物学表型。与GW3965 2对黑素瘤细胞体外对内皮募集的抑制作用一致,GW3965 2给药导致肿瘤的内皮细胞内含物大约2倍的减少(图21J)。该效果伴随了体内活性增殖肿瘤细胞的数目的不大(modest)的减小(23%)(图21K),而没有凋亡细胞数目的变化(图21L)。这些结果表明,除了减小局部的肿瘤侵袭,LXR活化主要通过抑制肿瘤的血管生成而抑制了黑素瘤肿瘤生长,导致体内增殖的降低。
实施例15LXR激动抑制黑素瘤转移到肺和脑,并抑制初期转移的进展
LXR激动剂对黑素瘤肿瘤生长强的抑制作用促使我们检查LXR活化是否还可抑制黑素瘤细胞的转移性定植。为此,用GW3965 2预处理人MeWo黑素瘤细胞导致它们的转移性定植能力超过50倍的降低(图23A)。考虑到这个显著的抑制效果,接下来评估了口服施予LXR激动剂抑制转化的能力。口服施予GW3965 2或T0901317 1的免疫妥协的小鼠分别经历了人MeWo细胞的肺转移性定植31倍和23倍的降低(图23B-C)。GW3965 2治疗还抑制了HT-144黑素瘤系(图23D)以及SK-Mel-334.2原发性黑素瘤系(图23E)的转移性定植。
GW3965 2为有效地跨越血脑屏障并在脑中有效地活化LXR信号的亲脂性分子。与此一致,先前已经显示口服递送GW3965 2在阿尔茨海默病的临床前模型中改善了淀粉样蛋白斑病理和记忆缺失(Jiang et al.,2008)。因此,我们想知道LXR激动是否可在抑制黑素瘤脑转移(急需有效治疗的可怕的黑素瘤后果)呈现治疗活性(Fonkem et al.,2012)。显著地,口服施予GW3965 2抑制了在心脏内注射来源于MeWo亲本系的脑转移性黑素瘤细胞后系统传播和脑定植(图23F)。这些结果揭示了LXR活化治疗在多个黑素瘤系和多个远端器官转移性位点的强的转移抑制。
受在抑制转移形成中强的作用所鼓舞(图23A-F),接下来尝试了确定LXR活化治疗是否可停止已经转移散布的黑素瘤细胞的进展。首先检测了GW3965 2抑制在去除原发性肿瘤后从原位传播的黑素瘤细胞肺定植的能力(图23G)。重要地,肿瘤切除后口服施予GW39652抑制了散播的黑素瘤细胞的肺定植17倍(图23H)。显著地,用GW3965 2处理小鼠还显著地抑制了(28倍)在接种时从基线进展8倍的初期肺转移的定植(图23I)。与LXR活化抑制转移性引发一致,GW3965 2处理减少了形成的肉眼可见的转移性结节的数目(图23J)。最终,在该‘辅助’(adjuvant)预临床语境下用GW3965 2处理小鼠显著地延长了它们在转移性定植后的存活时间(图23K)。
实施例16LXR活化降低了黑素瘤遗传驱动的小鼠模型中的黑素瘤进展和转移
通过在Braf致癌基因中发现的一个具有单氨基酸变异的主要突变体B-RafV600E的激活突变而标记了大约60%的人黑素瘤肿瘤(Davies et al.,2002)。将近20%的黑素瘤呈现B-Raf中的激活突变,具有Pten肿瘤抑制子的同时沉默,其驱动了恶性黑素瘤状态的进展(Tsao et al.,2004;Chin et al.,2006)。最近,酪氨酸酶(Tyr)驱动的条件B-Raf活化和Pten缺失显示在驱动小鼠黑素瘤进展中遗传地协同(Dankort et al.,2009)。
为确定LXR活化是否可以该遗传引发的方式抑制黑素瘤进展,在Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/+和Tyr::CreER、B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠中通过腹腔注射4-羟基他莫昔芬(4-HT)而诱导黑素瘤。显著地,在引发黑素瘤后口服施予GW39652减弱了肿瘤进展,并显著地延长了PTEN杂合型Tyr::CreER、B-RafV600E/+、Ptenlox/+以及PTEN纯合型Tyr::CreER、B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠de总的存活时间(图24A-B和图25A-B)。接下来,检测了GW39652在该遗传背景下抑制黑素瘤转移的性能。尽管在4-HT处理的Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox对照小鼠的肺或脑中未检测到肉眼可见的转移,一致性地观察到黑素瘤转移到唾液腺淋巴结。重要地,用GW39652治疗的Tyr::CreER;B-RafV600E/+;Ptenlox/lox小鼠呈现死后检测到的淋巴转移数目的减少(图24C)。这些发现表明,除了其对原发性黑素瘤肿瘤进展的抑制之外,LXR活化抑制了遗传驱动的黑素瘤模型中的原位转移。
B-Raf活化和Pten缺失在驱动黑素瘤进展中的协同可进一步被在家族黑素瘤中经常突变的细胞周期调节子CDKN2A的失活所增强(Hussussian et al.,1994;Kamb et al.,1994)。因此,检查了LXR活化对B-RafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-黑素瘤的影响,允许我们在更进攻性的遗传驱动的黑素瘤进展模型中检测LXR激动的治疗效果。重要地,GW39652的治疗性递送有力抑制了注射到同基因型免疫活性小鼠中的B-RafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-原发性小鼠黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤生长和肺转移,并延长了具有B-RafV600E/+;Pten-/-;CDKN2A-/-黑素瘤负荷的小鼠的总的存活(图24D-F)。总之,独立的异种移植和遗传诱导的呈现人黑素瘤的不同的突变谱的免疫活性黑素瘤小鼠模型中的黑素瘤进展的强抑制刺激了LXR活化治疗的临床试验。
实施例17LXRβ的药理活化通过转录地诱导黑素瘤细胞的ApoE表达而抑制了黑素瘤表型
接下来,我们试图确定介导黑素瘤进展的抑制的LXRβ的下游分子靶标。为此,描绘了用LXR激动剂GW39652处理的人MeWo黑素瘤细胞的转录组。
在365个响应于LXR活化而显著地诱导的基因中,鉴别了先前验证的巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞中LXR的转录靶标ApoE(Laffitte et al.,2001)为黑素瘤细胞中的上部(top)上调的分泌因子(图26)。定量实时PCR(qRT-PCR)验证揭示了在多个人黑素瘤系中用独立的LXR激动剂处理后,ApoE转录表达的强的上调(图27A~C)。
考虑到先前报道的ApoE在黑素瘤中的转移抑制功能(Pencheva et al.,2012),我们研究了LXRβ活化是否通过ApoE的转录诱导抑制黑素瘤的进展。实际上,发现GW3965 2和T0901317 1增强了包含融合到以前表征的两个结合LXR的多增强子元件(ME.1或ME.2)(Laffitte et al.,2001)任一个的ApoE促进子的萤光素酶报告基因构建物的黑素瘤细胞驱动活性(图28A)。重要地,该转录诱导导致分泌的ApoE蛋白质的提高的水平(图28B)。与ApoE在黑素瘤细胞中直接的LXRβ靶向一致,用抗体中和细胞外ApoE完全阻止了LXRβ介导的细胞侵袭和内皮募集的抑制,并进一步增强了相对于对照IgG处理的这些表型(图28C-G和图27D-F),揭示了被细胞外ApoE调节的LXR激动的作用。
此外,黑素瘤细胞中ApoE的分子敲降还阻止了GW3965 2介导的细胞侵袭和内皮募集表型的抑制(图27G-H)。与此一致,去除LXRβ而非LXRα的黑素瘤细胞丧失了GW3965 2和T0901317 1上调ApoE转录以及最终的蛋白质表达的能力(图28H-I和图27I-K)。总之,这些发现表明,LXRβ(黑素瘤细胞表达的主要的LXR同种型)的药理活化通过在黑素瘤细胞中转录地活化ApoE表达而抑制了黑素瘤细胞的细胞固有的侵袭和内皮募集。
实施例18LXRβ活化治疗对黑素瘤起源的及全身ApoE的需求(engagement)
LXRβ诱导的细胞外ApoE对关键的黑素瘤表型的体外抑制表明LXR激动剂的体内抑制作用可进一步地被外周组织中LXR的活化增强,其将用作细胞外ApoE的重要来源。
重要地,考虑到患者中的慢性ApoE诱导,这样的非转化的组织较不易于发展对LXR活化治疗的抗性。因此,研究了治疗性LXR激动是否通过诱导衍生自黑素瘤细胞或全身组织的ApoE而抑制黑素瘤进展。与LXRβ激动提高了体内黑素瘤细胞的ApoE表达一致,ApoE转录本水平在从饲喂补充LXR激动剂的饲料的小鼠分离的黑素瘤原发性肿瘤及在黑素瘤肺和脑转移中上调(图29A-E)。重要地,用GW3965 2或T0901317 1处理小鼠显著地提高了ApoE在小鼠的全身脂肪、肺和脑组织中的蛋白表达(图30A-B),并且还上调了ApoE在循环的白细胞中的表达水平(图30C)。这些结果表明LXR活化治疗诱导黑素瘤细胞和全身组织的ApoE体内表达。
为确定黑素瘤衍生的以及全身性LXR活化对口服施予的LXR激动剂的肿瘤抑制作用的体内需要,首先检测了GW3965 2抑制LXRβ缺失的B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤生长的能力。
与在人黑素瘤细胞中的发现一致,小鼠黑素瘤细胞的LXRβ的敲降消除了GW3965介导的ApoE表达的诱导(图29F~H)。尽管如此,黑素瘤细胞LXRβ敲降不能够阻止GW3965 2抑制肿瘤生长(图29D),表明系统性LXR活化在GW3965 2的肿瘤生长抑制中的作用。为鉴别LXR激动剂的介导该非肿瘤自主黑素瘤生长抑制的LXR同种型,检查了GW3965 2对植入到LXRα或LXRβ的遗传缺失小鼠的肿瘤的影响。有趣地,系统性LXRβ的遗传切除封闭了GW3965抑制黑素瘤肿瘤生长的能力,而LXRα失活则对GW3965的肿瘤生长抑制无影响(图6D)。重要地,GW3965 2(对LXRβ的活性比对LXRα的活性高6倍的激动剂)对系统性ApoE表达的上调在LXRβ-/-而非LXRα-/-小鼠中被消除(图30E和图29I)。这些结果表明,GW3965 2在外周组织中对ApoE的诱导主要被系统性LXRβ活化驱动。与此一致,发现系统性LXRβ在介导黑素瘤肿瘤生长抑制中是GW3965 2的主要分子靶标和效应子。
接下来,检查了LXR激动剂的体内黑素瘤抑制作用是否需要ApoE。与黑素瘤细胞的LXRβ敲降对GW3965 2的肿瘤抑制活性缺少影响相一致,黑素瘤细胞ApoE的去除也未阻止GW3965 2的肿瘤生长抑制(图29F-H和图30F)。这些发现表明,GW3965 2的肿瘤抑制效果在全身组织中可通过ApoE诱导被主要地调节。
实际上,GW3965 2在抑制ApoE遗传失活的小鼠中的肿瘤生长完全无效(图30F),揭示了系统性的ApoE在驱动黑素瘤肿瘤生长抑制中作为系统性LXRβ的下游效应子。有趣地,与原发性肿瘤生长调控相反,黑素瘤细胞ApoE的敲降部分地防止了GW3965 2的转移抑制作用(图30G)。相似地,ApoE的遗传失活也仅部分地防止了GW3965 2引发的转移抑制(图30G)。GW3965驱动的转移抑制仅在黑素瘤细胞ApoE敲降和全身ApoE的遗传失活的情况下完全被阻止(图30G),指示了LXRβ在抑制转移中需要黑素瘤起源的和全身的ApoE的需要。因此,我们断定LXRβ活化对原发性肿瘤生长的影响主要由全身的ApoE诱导所引发,而LXRβ激动对转移的影响则通过在黑素瘤细胞和全身组织中的ApoE转录诱导所调节。
识别ApoE为LXRβ诱导的黑素瘤表型抑制的唯一的下游调节子进一步突出了该基因作为黑素瘤进展的抑制子的重要性。为确定ApoE表达是否是黑素瘤转移结果的临床预后,我们通过对71个临床切除的人原发性黑素瘤病变进行不知情的免疫组织化学分析而评估了ApoE蛋白的水平。
发现相对于其黑素瘤未转移的患者,在其黑素瘤已转移的患者的原发性肿瘤中,黑素瘤已经转移的患者呈现低大约3倍的ApoE表达(图30H,P=0.002)。显著地,患者的原发性黑素瘤病变中ApoE表达水平有效地分级具有转移性复发高风险的患者与具有转移性复发低风险的患者(图30I,P=0.002)。这些观察与揭示ApoE在远端黑素瘤转移中相对于原发性病变显著较低的水平一致(Pencheva et al.,2012)。共同地,该工作表明,作为单基因的ApoE可能是原发性黑素瘤的预后和预测生物标记物,以识别i.)处于黑素瘤转移复发的风险,并因此ii.)可从LXRβ激动剂介导的ApoE诱导获得临床益处的患者。
实施例19LXRβ活化治疗抑制了抗达卡巴嗪及威罗菲尼的黑素瘤的生长
受LXRβ活化治疗对大量具有不同突变背景的黑素瘤系的抑制黑素瘤肿瘤生长和转移的强的能力的鼓励,接下来试图确定抗用在转移性黑素瘤治疗中的两种主要临床制剂—达卡巴嗪和威罗菲尼—的黑素瘤是否可响应于LXRβ活化治疗。
为此,通过在DTIC的存在下连续地培养黑素瘤细胞两个月而产生抗达卡巴嗪(DTIC)的B16F10克隆。这产生了与亲本B16F10细胞系相比,呈现响应于高剂量的DTIC处理的活力提高7倍的细胞群体(图31A)。为了确认该体外衍生的DTIC克隆在体内也抗DTIC,评估了达卡巴嗪处理对肿瘤生长的影响。
虽然达卡巴嗪显著地抑制了DTIC敏感性亲本细胞系的生长(图31B),其未影响B16F10抗DTIC细胞的肿瘤生长(图31C)。GW3965 2强烈地抑制了抗DTIC的B16F10黑素瘤克隆的肿瘤生长超过70%(图31C~D)。重要地,口服递送GW3965 2也强烈地抑制了由独立的MeWo细胞系形成的体内衍生的抗DTIC人黑素瘤肿瘤的生长(图31E-F和图32A)。
这些结果揭示了LXRβ激动有效地抑制了抗达卡巴嗪(FDA唯一批准的转移性黑素瘤中的细胞毒性化学治疗剂)的多种黑素瘤细胞群体。我们的发现对于黑素瘤的治疗具有重要的临床应用,因为用达卡巴嗪治疗的全部IV阶段的患者最终通过发展抗该试剂的肿瘤而进展。
我们测试了LXRβ活化治疗对抗最近批准的B-Raf激酶抑制剂威罗菲尼(显示抗B-Raf突变体黑素瘤活性的药物(regimen))的黑素瘤细胞的影响(Bollag et al.,2010;Sosman et al.,2012)。无数的研究者衍生了抗威罗菲尼的黑素瘤系(Poulikakos et al.,2011;Shi et al.,2012,Das Thakur et al.,2013)。GW3965 2处理抑制了先前衍生的SK-Mel-239抗威罗菲尼细胞系的生长72%(图31G),并且显著地延长了具有抗威罗菲尼的黑素瘤负荷的小鼠的存活(图31H)。我们在不同的黑素瘤临床前模型中的组合的药理、分子和遗传研究中的发现确立了LXRβ靶向是通过转录诱导ApoE(黑素瘤侵袭和转移性血管生成的关键抑制子)而强烈地抑制黑素瘤肿瘤生长和转移的新的治疗方法(Pencheva et al.,2012;图31I)。
实施例20用ApoE处理抑制了多种癌症类型的肿瘤细胞侵袭和内皮募集,包括乳腺癌、肾细胞癌和胰腺癌
为了确定ApoE处理是否有效地治疗除了黑素瘤以外的癌症类型,进行体外检测以评价ApoE处理对几种不同的癌细胞系的影响,包括乳腺癌、肾细胞癌和胰腺癌细胞系(图33)。
通过使用穿孔基质胶侵袭腔系统(354480,BD Biosciences)测试了癌细胞体外通过基质胶侵袭的能力。在包含0.2%FBS的培养基中使各种癌细胞系血清饥饿过夜。次日,在通过加入0.5mL的饥饿培养基到顶孔和底孔测定之前,预平衡侵袭腔。同时,胰蛋白酶消化癌细胞,并使用台盼蓝死细胞拒染染料而计数活细胞。然后,以1×105个细胞/1mL饥饿培养基的浓度重悬浮癌细胞,接种0.5mL的包含5×104个细胞的细胞悬浮液到每个穿孔。为确定重组ApoE对癌细胞侵袭的影响,在检测的开始,以100μg/mL的浓度加人重组ApoE3(4696,Biovision)或BSA到每个穿孔中。让侵袭实验在37℃进行24个小时。在完成测定后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,使用棉签(q-tips)从每个插入物的正面轻轻地擦去未侵袭的细胞,并且侵袭到基底插入物侧的细胞在4%的PFA中室温固定15分钟。在固定后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,然后切割,并使用包含DAPI核着色剂的VectaShield封固剂(H-1000,Vector Laboratories)封固到载玻片上。使用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)以5×的放大率成像每个插入物的基侧,并使用ImageJ量化DAPI阳性细胞的数目。
实际上,用ApoE处理抑制了全部三种这些细胞类型的肿瘤细胞侵袭和内皮募集(图33A~I)。
实施例21LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881诱导ApoE在人黑素瘤细胞中的表达
考虑到LXR激动剂GW39652和T09013171处理的ApoE活化导致抑制肿瘤生长和转化的治疗益处,接下来检查了其它LXR激动剂在人黑素瘤细胞系中诱导ApoE表达的能力(图34)。
为确定各种LXR激动剂(LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881)对ApoE在黑素瘤细胞中表达的影响,接种1×105个人MeWo黑素瘤细胞到6孔板中。次日,以指定的500nM、1μM或2μM的浓度将DMSO或各种LXR激动剂加到细胞培养基中,并在DMSO或药物的存在下于37℃培养细胞48个小时。保持加到细胞培养基中的DMSO的总量低于0.2%。使用Total RNAPurification试剂盒(17200,Norgen)从全细胞裂解物提取RNA。对于每种样本,使用cDNAFirst-Strand Synthesis试剂盒(Invitrogen)反转录600ng的RNA为cDNA。大约200ng的cDNA与green PCR Master Mix以及用于检测人ApoE的相应的正向引物和反向引物混合。以一式四份进行每个反应,并使用ABI Prism 7900HTReal-Time PCR System(Applied Biosystems)通过实时定量PCR扩增测量ApoE mRNA的表达水平。使用ΔΔCt方法确定相对的ApoE表达。GAPDH用作归一化目的的内部对照。
实际上,用LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881的处理全部导致各种程度的ApoE表达的诱导(图34A~C)。
实施例22用LXR激动剂GW3965处理抑制了肾癌、胰腺癌和肺癌的体外肿瘤细胞侵袭
我们已经证明了用LXR激动剂处理导致黑素瘤肿瘤细胞侵袭的抑制。考虑到该效果由ApoE表达的活化调节,我们假设用LXR激动剂处理将导致乳腺癌、胰腺癌和肾癌的体外肿瘤细胞侵袭的抑制,因为这些癌症类型响应于ApoE处理。为了测试该假设,我们通过用LXR激动剂GW39652处理乳腺癌、胰腺癌和肾癌细胞系而进行了体外肿瘤细胞的侵袭实验(图35)。
用1μM的DMSO或GW3965处理各种细胞系(5×104RCC人肾脏癌细胞,5×104个PANC1人胰脏癌细胞和5×104个H460人肺癌细胞)56个小时。在DMSO或GW3965的存在下于0.2%FBS培养基中使细胞血清饥饿16个小时。在血清饥饿后,使用基质胶侵袭腔系统(354480,BDBiosciences)使细胞经穿孔侵袭测定。在测定前,通过加入0.5mL的饥饿培养基到顶部和底部的孔中而预平衡侵袭腔。同时,胰蛋白酶消化癌细胞,并使用台盼蓝计数活细胞。然后,以1×105个细胞/1mL饥饿培养基的浓度重新悬浮癌症细胞,并接种包含5×104个细胞的0.5mL的细胞悬浮液到每个穿孔。让侵袭测定在37℃进行24个小时。在完成测定后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,使用棉签从每个插入物的正面轻轻地擦去未侵袭的细胞,并且侵袭到基底插入物侧的细胞在4%的PFA中室温固定15分钟。在固定后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,然后切割,并使用包含DAPI核着色剂的VectaShield封固剂(H-1000,Vector Laboratories)封固到载玻片上。使用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)以5×的放大率成像每个插入物的基侧,并使用ImageJ量化DAPI阳性细胞的数目。
实际上,用GW39652处理在全部三种测试的肿瘤类型中都导致肿瘤细胞侵袭的抑制(图35A~C)。这进一步证明了LXR激动剂治疗各种癌症类型的宽的治疗潜力。
实施例23用LXR激动剂GW3965治疗抑制了体内乳腺癌肿瘤生长
我们已经证明LXR激动剂抑制乳腺癌、胰腺癌和肾癌的体外癌进展表型。为研究LXR激动剂治疗是否抑制乳腺癌原发性肿瘤体内生长,用对照食物或添加LXR激动剂GW39652的食物处理注射MDA-468人乳腺癌细胞的小鼠(图36)。
为确定口服递送的GW39652对乳腺癌肿瘤生长的影响,2×106个MDA-468人类乳腺癌细胞在50μL的PBS和50μL的基质胶中重悬浮,并且细胞悬浮液注射到7周龄的Nod Scidγ雌性小鼠的两个下存储(lower memory)脂肪垫。在注射癌细胞之前两天,指定小鼠对照饲料处理或添加GW3965的饲料的处理(75mg/kg/天)。在Research Diets,Inc.的小鼠饲料中配制GW39652药物化合物,使用数显卡尺测量肿瘤的尺寸,并且计算肿瘤的体积为(小直径)2×(大直径)/2。
用GW3965处理导致体内乳腺癌肿瘤大小的显著减小(图36)。
实施例24LXR激动剂LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881处理对体外黑素瘤进展表型的效果
我们已经证明具有变化的效力的各种LXR激动剂在黑素瘤细胞中诱导ApoE表达的能力(图34)。由于LXR激动剂对癌症的治疗效果是通过活化ApoE的表达,我们假设任何指定的LXR激动剂的治疗效力与其诱导ApoE表达的能力直接相关。为了确认这一点,我们量化了各种LXR激动剂处理对体外内皮募集和黑素瘤细胞的肿瘤细胞侵袭的效果。如图37中显示,LXR激动剂体外抑制癌症进展表型的程度与LXR激动剂诱导ApoE的效力相关。
细胞侵袭:用1μM的DMSO、LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9或SB742881处理MeWo人黑素瘤细胞56个小时。在每种相应的药物或DMSO存在下,在0.2%的FBS培养基中使细胞血清饥饿16个小时。在血清饥饿后,使用基质胶入侵腔系统(354480,BD Biosciences)使细胞经历穿孔侵袭测定。在进行测定前,通过加入0.5mL的饥饿培养基到顶部的孔和底部的孔而预平衡侵袭腔。同时,胰蛋白酶消化癌细胞,并使用台盼蓝计数活细胞。然后,以2×105个细胞/1mL的饥饿培养基的浓度重新悬浮癌细胞,接种0.5mL的包含1×105个细胞的细胞悬浮液到每个穿孔。让侵袭实验在37℃进行24个小时。当完成检测后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,使用棉签从每个插入物的正面轻轻地擦去为侵袭的细胞,并且侵袭到基底插入物侧的细胞在4%的PFA中室温固定15分钟。在固定后,在PBS中洗涤插入物,切除,并用包含DAPI核着色剂的VectaShield封固剂(H-1000,VectorLaboratories)封固到载玻片上。使用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)以5×的放大率成像每个插入物的基侧,并使用ImageJ量化DAPI阳性细胞的数目。
内皮募集:以1μM的DMSO、LXR-623、WO-2007-002563的实施例19、WO-2010-0138598的实施例9或SB742881处理MeWo人黑素瘤细胞56个小时。然后,在每种药物或DMSO的存在下接种5×104个癌细胞到24孔板中,并在开始测定前附着16个小时。在0.2%的包含FBS的培养基中使人类脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC细胞)饥饿过夜。次日,1×105个HUVEC细胞接种到装在底部的包含癌细胞的每个孔中的3.0μm的HTS Fluoroblock插入物(351151,BD Falcon)。让HUVEC细胞迁移到癌细胞20个小时,然后在PBS中洗涤插入物,在4%的PFA中固定,用DAPI标记,并封固到载玻片上。使用倒置荧光显微镜(Zeiss Axiovert 40CFL)以5×放大率成像每个插入物的基侧,并且使用ImageJ量化DAPI阳性细胞的数目。
强烈诱导ApoE表达的LXR激动剂(例如WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881)比较低功效的LXR激动剂更有效地抑制癌症进展表型(图37)。这进一步证明了LXR激动剂治疗癌症的治疗益处是ApoE诱导的结果。
实施例25LXR激动剂处理抑制黑素瘤体内肿瘤生长
我们已经证明诱导ApoE表达的LXR激动剂抑制了体外肿瘤活性。为证实这些激动剂是否抑制黑素瘤的体内肿瘤生长,用LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9或SB742881处理注射了B16F10黑素瘤细胞的小鼠。
为评价口服施予的LXR-623、WO-2007-002563实施例19、WO-2010-0138598实施例9或SB742881对黑素瘤肿瘤生长的效果,5×104个B16F10小鼠黑素瘤细胞重悬浮在50μL的PBS和50μL的基质胶中,并且细胞悬浮液皮下注射到7周龄C57BL/6小鼠的两个较低的背侧。每日触诊小鼠肿瘤的形成,
并在检测到测量的体积为5~10m3的肿瘤后,小鼠被分成对照食物或包含每个分别的LXR激动剂的食物:LXR-623(20mg/kg/天)、WO-2007-002563实施例19(100mg/kg/天)、WO-2010-0138598实施例9(10mg/kg/天或100mg/kg/天)或SB742881(100mg/kg/天)。在Research Diets,Inc的小鼠食物中配制LXR药物化合物。使用数显卡尺测量肿瘤的大小,并且如下计算肿瘤的体积:(小直径)2×(大直径)/2。
与我们的体外数据一致,有效诱导ApoE体外表达的LXR激动剂(WO-2010-0138598实施例9和SB742881)显著地抑制黑素瘤原发性肿瘤的体内生长(图38)。这也与我们的证明强力诱导ApoE表达的其它LXR激动剂(GW3965 2,T0901317 1)也抑制原发性肿瘤的体内生长的结果一致(图21)。
因此,上述实施例专注于表征分子以及其发挥其作用的分子机制。为此,发现ApoE靶向在两种不同细胞类型上的两个不同的但是同源的受体。作用在黑素瘤细胞LRP1受体上的ApoE抑制黑素瘤侵入,而其作用于内皮细胞LRP8受体则抑制了内皮的迁移。来自功能丧失、功能获得、异位显性、临床相关以及体内选择衍生物表达分析的结果产生了其中三种miRNA汇聚地靶向转移抑制网络以限制ApoE分泌的表型,从而抑制黑素瘤细胞上的ApoE/LRP1信号和内皮细胞上的ApoE/LRP8信号(图7K)。虽然上述系统分析已经鉴别ApoE和DNAJA4为这些miRNA调节的转移性表型的主要目标和直接介导物,不能排除三种miRNA可单独地保持其沉默可有助于转移性进展的另外的靶基因。然而,ApoE或DNAJA4敲降完全挽救用单个miRNA沉默时见到的转化抑制表型的能力强烈地暗示这些基因是对转移的miRNA依赖效果的关键介导物。
上述结果揭示了ApoE在抑制黑素瘤转移性进展中的必要的且充分的功能的组合的分子、遗传和体内证据。ApoE以脂蛋白结合以及无脂质状态分布在循环系统中(Hatterset al.,2006)。虽然已经显示无脂质的重组的ApoE足以抑制黑素瘤侵入以及内皮迁移,包含在脂蛋白颗粒中的ApoE可能也抑制黑素瘤侵入和内皮募集。重组ApoE抑制这些促转移性表型以及用抗体介导的ApoE中和看到的提高的黑素瘤侵袭和内皮募集表型的能力表明,ApoE分子自身是这些表型的关键调节物。与文中公开的发现一致,以前发现ApoE的合成肽片段通过未知的机制抑制内皮迁移(Bhattacharjee et al.,2011)。这里公开的发现与黑素瘤细胞分泌的及系统性内源ApoE在抑制内皮募集中的功能一致,其对于破坏的内皮细胞生长不是继发的。
上述分子的、遗传的和体内研究揭示了内源的癌症衍生的ApoE通过内皮LRP8受体信号在调节内皮转移和癌血管生成中的功能。ApoE/LRP8信号介导的稳健的非细胞自主的内皮募集表型表明,ApoE还可在其它癌症类型中调节转移性血管生成,并且仍需要研究ApoE在癌症血管生物学中的这样的普通作用。ApoE是在脂质、心血管和神经退行性疾病中具有已经得到确认的功能的多态分子。其三种主要的变异体ApoE2、ApoE3和ApoE4在人类群体中显示不同的表现,其中ApoE3是最常见的变异体(Hatters et al.,2006)。三种亚型在包含ApoE受体结合结构域的N末端结构域的残基112和158处有差别。认为这些结构变异在变异体中产生不同的功能属性。与此一致,三种ApoE亚型的差别为它们对LDL受体家族成员的结合亲和力、脂蛋白结合偏好和N末端稳定性。即,与ApoE3和ApoE4相比,ApoE2具有50倍至100倍的减弱的LDL受体结合能力(Weisgraber et al.,1982),而ApoE4与其它两个变异体不同,其优选结合大的低密度脂蛋白(Weisgraber et al.,1990),并呈现最低的N末端稳定性(Morrow et al.,2000)。这些功能差异赋予病理生理学性能以选择ApoE亚型。而认为在78%的人群中发现的ApoE3是中性等位基因,ApoE2与III型高脂蛋白血症相关(Hatterset al.,2006),并且ApoE4代表主要已知的阿尔茨海默病的遗传危险因子(Corder et al.,1993),并且还与心血管疾病的发展的风险的小的提高相关(Luc et al.,1994)。考虑到在上述研究中分析的多个人黑素瘤细胞系对于ApoE3等位基因以及重组ApoE3抑制黑素瘤侵入和内皮募集的性能是纯合的,上述发现与ApoE3抑制黑素瘤转移性进展是充分且必要的是一致的。然而,未来将有兴趣确定ApoE2和ApoE4是否可调节这些促转移性表型至与ApoE3相似的程度,以及具体的ApoE基因型是否可给于黑素瘤转移性进展的增强的风险。
除了原发性黑素瘤损伤的外科切除,目前没有有效的预防黑素瘤转移的治疗。基于元分析,用干扰素预防黑素瘤转移增加的5年总存活率不足3%,而III期实验数据证明的显著的生存优点仍是显著的(Garbe et al.,2011)。在遗传去除系统ApoE的情况下,黑素瘤转移进展的显著增强表明调节ApoE水平可对黑素瘤(全球每年造成大约48,000例死亡的疾病)具有显著的治疗意义(Lucas et al.,2006)。考虑到ApoE抑制黑素瘤侵袭、内皮迁移、转移性血管生成和转移性移植的强劲能力,旨在药理地诱导内源ApoE水平的治疗方法可通过降低转移发生率而显著降低黑素瘤的致死率。
上述基于体内的无偏选择的方法导致发现被来自代表黑色素型和无黑色素型黑素瘤两者的独立的患者黑素瘤细胞系的癌细胞的解除控制的协同地和显著地促进转移的miRNA。尽管先前未表征miR-1908,miR-199a已经涉及肝细胞癌(Hou et al.,2011;Shen etal.,2010)和骨肉瘤(Duan et al.,2011),其与黑素瘤相反,显示miR-199a表达水平的下调。这些差异与在各自癌症类型中建立的miRNA的组织特异的表达谱一致。先前揭示提高的miR-199a水平与眼色素层黑素瘤进展相关的临床相关的研究支持识别miR-199a为黑素瘤转移的促进子(Worley et al.,2008),表明了诱导的miR-199a表达可为与原发位点无关的转移性黑素瘤的定义性特征。以前的研究已经涉及另外的miRNA促进黑素瘤转移性进展,例如miR-182(Segura et al.,2009)、miR-214(其在转移性黑素瘤细胞中上调,但在上述研究中未功能性地进行;Penna et al.,2011)和miR-30b/miR-30d(Gaziel-Sovran et al.,2011)。已经报道这些miRNA的每个仅较小地调节黑素瘤转化,导致当过表达或敲降miRNA时,分别提高或减小转移调节1.5倍至2倍。相反地,过表达miR-199a或miR-1908增强转移9倍(图1C),而组合的miRNA敲降系统地抑制黑素瘤转化超过70倍(图7E)。因此,文中公开的研究代表汇聚地并强力地促进人黑素瘤转化的多个miRNA的第一个系统性的发现,以及第一个分配细胞自主性/非细胞自主性双功能给癌症中的内源转移调节miRNA。
以前对乳腺癌中miRNA的系统分析主要揭示了多个microRNA在体内选择的转移性乳腺癌细胞中表达水平的降低(Tavazoie et al.,2008)。这些发现与后来发现在乳腺癌中的许多另外的转移抑制miRNA一致(Shi et al.,2010;Wang and Wang,2011),识别若干miRNA作为p53肿瘤抑制子的直接的转录靶标(He et al.,2007),miRNA在乳腺癌中相对于正常组织下调(Calin and Groce,2006;Iorio et al.,2005),drosha和dicer在乳腺癌(Yan et al.,2011)和转移性乳腺癌(Grelier et al.,2011)中下调,以及通过dicer敲降的总miRNA沉默的促肿瘤发生和促转移的效果(Kumar et al.,2007;Kumar et al.,2009;Martello et al.,2010;Noh et al.,2011)。与乳腺癌不同,在黑素瘤中的上述发现揭示了一组在转移性人类黑素瘤中上调的miRNA,提高了miRNA加工在黑素瘤中以促肿瘤发生和促转移的方式实际地起作用的有意思的可能性。与此一致,黑素细胞的发育需要dicer(Levyet al.,2010),并且最近在临床病理研究中发现dicer表达与人类黑素瘤进展正相关(Maet al.,2011)。当这些发现与这里公开的发现结合时,刺激了调查黑素瘤转移对dicer功能性需要的进一步研究(Bernstein et al.,2001)。
黑色素型和无黑色素型黑素瘤转移的体内选择模型的建立允许识别高度转移的黑素瘤细胞显示的细胞表型。所述工作揭示,除了增强侵袭,黑素瘤细胞在高度转移的黑素瘤细胞中募集内皮细胞的能力相对于转移性差的黑素瘤细胞显著地增强。此外,发现转移的三种主要的转录后调节因子强烈地介导内皮募集。进一步发现这些miRNA调控的下游信号通路也调节内皮募集。这些发现揭示了内皮募集为转移性黑素瘤细胞的定义性特征(defining feature)。最近还发现增强的内皮募集能力为转移性乳腺癌的定义性特征,其中,通过靶向促进内皮募集的两种不同的信号通路的miRNA介导miR-126对转移的抑制(Pnget al.,2012)。在乳腺癌中,内皮募集提高了转移性起始而非肿瘤生长的可能性。相似地,这里研究的黑素瘤转移促进子miRNA极大地增强了转移性定植,而没有增强原发性肿瘤生长,并增加了转移性结节的数目-与这些miRNA以及它们的调控网络在转移性引发而非肿瘤生长促进中的作用一致。总之,这些发现与到转移性小生境(niche)中的内皮募集在这些不同的上皮癌类型中起转移性起始和移植的促进子的作用一致。内皮细胞在癌症进展中这样的非典型的功能与内皮细胞在血液循环刺激增强的肿瘤生长中的已知功能形成对比。已知内皮细胞在器官发生期间通过提供诱因(cue)给邻近的细胞而在发育中起这样的非典型的功能(Lammert et al.,2001)。最近这样的线索还显示促进器官再生(Ding et al.,2011;Ding et al.,2010;Kobayashi et al.,2010)。需要进一步的工作以确定促进转移开始的内皮细胞提供的转移刺激因子。
miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908单独地预测黑素瘤患者群中无转移存活的的能力表明每种miRNA作为黑素瘤癌症进展(progression)临床预测物的显著性。重要地,三种miRNA的合计的标记(aggregate signature)将高风险的患者与基本无转移复发的风险的患者分级的显著及高度有意义的能力(图7D)揭示了这些miRNA的协同,以及它们作为用于识别可受益于miRNA抑制治疗的患者的子集的黑素瘤生物标记物的临床潜力(Sawyers,2008)。治疗性miRNA靶向通过使用已经在小鼠(Elmer et al.,2008(b);Krützfeldt et al.,2005;Obad et al.,2011)和灵长类动物(Elmer et al.,2008(a))中显示对抗miRNA的体内LNA而获得发展的势头,并且目前正在人类临床试验中被测试。所述三种miRNA的强大的预后能力、通过用靶向miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p和miR-1908的LNA的混合物治疗高度转移的黑素瘤细胞而获得的强力的协同转移抑制的原理论证的证明(图7E)以及治疗性递送的体内优化的靶向这些miRNA的LNA的转移抑制效果(图7J)激发了旨在确定在高风险的黑素瘤转移(目前缺乏有效的化学治疗选择的结果)的患者中组合靶向这些促转移和促血管生成的miRNA的治疗潜能的进一步临床研究。
上述实施例和优选的实施方式的说明应认为是说明性的,而非限制如权利要求书所述限定的本发明。易于理解,可利用上述特征的无数变化和组合,而不背离权利要求书中说明的本发明。不认为这样的变化背离了本发明的范围,并且全部这样的变化包含在下述权利要求书的范围内。文中引用的全部对比文献以其整体并入本文。
序列表
<110> 洛克菲勒大学(THE ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY)
<120> 抑制人黑色素瘤的MicroRNA
<130> 1811272US01
<140> PCT/US13/54690
<141> 2013-08-13
<150> 61/784,057
<151> 2013-03-14
<150> 61/682,339
<151> 2012-08-13
<160> 141
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1223
<212> DNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 1
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gccagcagac cgagtggcag agcggccagc gctgggaact ggcactgggt cgcttttggg 240
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aggtcaccca ggaactgagg gcgctgatgg acgagaccat gaaggagttg aaggcctaca 360
aatcggaact ggaggaacaa ctgaccccgg tggcggagga gacgcgggca cggctgtcca 420
aggagctgca ggcggcgcag gcccggctgg gcgcggacat ggaggacgtg tgcggccgcc 480
tggtgcagta ccgcggcgag gtgcaggcca tgctcggcca gagcaccgag gagctgcggg 540
tgcgcctcgc ctcccacctg cgcaagctgc gtaagcggct cctccgcgat gccgatgacc 600
tgcagaagcg cctggcagtg taccaggccg gggcccgcga gggcgccgag cgcggcctca 660
gcgccatccg cgagcgcctg gggcccctgg tggaacaggg ccgcgtgcgg gccgccactg 720
tgggctccct ggccggccag ccgctacagg agcgggccca ggcctggggc gagcggctgc 780
gcgcgcggat ggaggagatg ggcagccgga cccgcgaccg cctggacgag gtgaaggagc 840
aggtggcgga ggtgcgcgcc aagctggagg agcaggccca gcagatacgc ctgcaggccg 900
aggccttcca ggcccgcctc aagagctggt tcgagcccct ggtggaagac atgcagcgcc 960
agtgggccgg gctggtggag aaggtgcagg ctgccgtggg caccagcgcc gcccctgtgc 1020
ccagcgacaa tcactgaacg ccgaagcctg cagccatgcg accccacgcc accccgtgcc 1080
tcctgcctcc gcgcagcctg cagcgggaga ccctgtcccc gccccagccg tcctcctggg 1140
gtggacccta gtttaataaa gattcaccaa gtttcacgca aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 1200
aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaa 1223
<210> 2
<211> 317
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 2
Met Lys Val Leu Trp Ala Ala Leu Leu Val Thr Phe Leu Ala Gly Cys
1 5 10 15
Gln Ala Lys Val Glu Gln Ala Val Glu Thr Glu Pro Glu Pro Glu Leu
20 25 30
Arg Gln Gln Thr Glu Trp Gln Ser Gly Gln Arg Trp Glu Leu Ala Leu
35 40 45
Gly Arg Phe Trp Asp Tyr Leu Arg Trp Val Gln Thr Leu Ser Glu Gln
50 55 60
Val Gln Glu Glu Leu Leu Ser Ser Gln Val Thr Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala
65 70 75 80
Leu Met Asp Glu Thr Met Lys Glu Leu Lys Ala Tyr Lys Ser Glu Leu
85 90 95
Glu Glu Gln Leu Thr Pro Val Ala Glu Glu Thr Arg Ala Arg Leu Ser
100 105 110
Lys Glu Leu Gln Ala Ala Gln Ala Arg Leu Gly Ala Asp Met Glu Asp
115 120 125
Val Cys Gly Arg Leu Val Gln Tyr Arg Gly Glu Val Gln Ala Met Leu
130 135 140
Gly Gln Ser Thr Glu Glu Leu Arg Val Arg Leu Ala Ser His Leu Arg
145 150 155 160
Lys Leu Arg Lys Arg Leu Leu Arg Asp Ala Asp Asp Leu Gln Lys Arg
165 170 175
Leu Ala Val Tyr Gln Ala Gly Ala Arg Glu Gly Ala Glu Arg Gly Leu
180 185 190
Ser Ala Ile Arg Glu Arg Leu Gly Pro Leu Val Glu Gln Gly Arg Val
195 200 205
Arg Ala Ala Thr Val Gly Ser Leu Ala Gly Gln Pro Leu Gln Glu Arg
210 215 220
Ala Gln Ala Trp Gly Glu Arg Leu Arg Ala Arg Met Glu Glu Met Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser Arg Thr Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Glu Val Lys Glu Gln Val Ala Glu
245 250 255
Val Arg Ala Lys Leu Glu Glu Gln Ala Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala
260 265 270
Glu Ala Phe Gln Ala Arg Leu Lys Ser Trp Phe Glu Pro Leu Val Glu
275 280 285
Asp Met Gln Arg Gln Trp Ala Gly Leu Val Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Ala
290 295 300
Val Gly Thr Ser Ala Ala Pro Val Pro Ser Asp Asn His
305 310 315
<210> 3
<211> 3203
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 3
agucccaccc uucggcgcag ggcuccggcc aacacagccc uccaggccgc cuacucucca 60
gccagccggc uccacggacc cacggaaggg caagggggcg gccucggggc ggcgggacag 120
uugucggagg gcgcccucca ggcccaagcc gccuucuccg gcccccgcca uggcccgggg 180
cggcagucag agcuggagcu ccggggaauc agacgggcag ccaaaggagc agacgcccga 240
gaagcccaga cacaagaugg ugaaggagac ccaguacuau gacauccugg gcgugaagcc 300
cagcgcgucc ccggaggaga ucaagaaggc cuaucggaag cuggcgcuca aguaccaccc 360
ggacaagaac ccggaugagg gcgagaaguu uaaacucaua ucccaggcau augaagugcu 420
uucagaucca aagaaaaggg auguuuauga ccaaggcgga gagcaggcaa uuaaagaagg 480
aggcucaggc agccccagcu ucucuucacc cauggacauc uuugacaugu ucuuuggugg 540
ugguggacgg auggcuagag agagaagagg caagaauguu guacaccagu uaucuguaac 600
ucuugaagau cuauauaaug gagucacgaa gaaauuggcc cuccagaaaa auguaauuug 660
ugagaaaugu gaagguguug gugggaagaa gggaucggug gagaagugcc cgcugugcaa 720
ggggcggggg augcagaucc acauccagca gaucgggccg ggcaugguac agcagaucca 780
gaccgugugc aucgagugca agggccaggg ugagcgcauc aaccccaagg accgcugcga 840
gagcugcagc ggggccaagg ugauccguga gaagaagauu aucgagguac auguugaaaa 900
agguaugaaa gaugggcaaa agauacuauu ucauggagaa ggagaucagg agccugagcu 960
ggagccuggu gaugucauaa uugugcuuga ucagaaggau cauagugucu uucagagacg 1020
aggccaugac uugaucauga aaaugaaaau ucagcuuucu gaagcucuuu guggcuucaa 1080
gaagacgaua aaaacauugg acaaucgaau ucuuguuauu acauccaaag caggugaggu 1140
gauaaagcac ggggaccuga gaugcgugcg cgaugaagga augcccaucu acaaagcacc 1200
ccuggaaaaa gggauucuga ucauacaguu uuuaguaauc uuuccugaaa aacacuggcu 1260
uucucuggaa aagcuuccuc agcuggaagc uuuacucccu ccucgacaga aagugaggau 1320
uacagaugac auggaucagg uggagcugaa ggaguuuugu cccaaugagc agaacuggcg 1380
ucagcacagg gaggccuacg aggaggacga agacgggccc caggcuggag ugcagugcca 1440
gacggcauga cguggugcgg ggcagcgugg ccccaccgga cuagcacaug augaauguaa 1500
aguuggcaca augaaaauga caucgcuuua auggccuugu guuugggaug uccuguguau 1560
guguucagca uucuuaauug cugagugucu uuuuggcuuu ucuuuugguu guaacuuaag 1620
uuauagcuua auuuauauuu aaauguuuua aguauaaauc accucuaguc ugcauaugga 1680
aucuguucau uucuauuuuc aggauauacu uuugagaugu cagugauugc accaauacuu 1740
ugugcuucua guggcuuugc cauaauucag ugucaccaau aaggcacagc ccaguuagca 1800
gcuuagcccc ccuagcaaac cccaaggcac aaagugggca uccugacuca ucucuagguc 1860
ugugguuucu ccccucuucc cuuggcagag uuauugaggg caugaucuca gggcugcuaa 1920
gauaacauuu cugaggauuc uagaugaucc ucuuaaagaa uaaaagcaca uccguggauc 1980
ggacauggcu gcaugugccu gcuuaacagg gccaacuuag uuccuacugu ucugugcccu 2040
ucaguggaug gaacgugagu gucugaucau cucucuugga aguuuucuga accuuccaag 2100
cucuguggug aggacaaacc aguguuugaa ucauaugcug auaacuguuu gccugugacc 2160
cucacaccuu guucuucagg guuuuaauga uuuucuguug acaacuuuug caaugcuuuc 2220
ccaccaaagu gcuuacuugu aaagaaaacu aaauccuucu guguccccgg cagccucagu 2280
gcagcaacag aagccaaggg agaaugcugc ugguuuggcc cauggcacag ccagcuucuc 2340
ugaccaguaa uccgggguga cuugaggguc ugcaaaggca uagaacuccc caguguuuuc 2400
caccucauuc ucccagauug agcucccuuc caaaggaucg uuccucucau ugcacagcca 2460
uauuacaaag gguuuccugc ucaagugaug uuuugguaag aacuucgcug aguuccacug 2520
uggauuacag uuuguaugga cuacuacugu aaauuauagc uuguuuggag ggauauuagu 2580
cauuauuuua uucaugacag guagacuaca auucgaacuu aggguuaccu cagucuuuag 2640
ccauuacugc uuauuucuuu uccccaaguc acaaaaaacu uguaagcugc uggguuaaag 2700
cagaggccac cugucagauc uacccuaccc uuauuugguu acauggcacc ugagaguuuc 2760
acucagacca gggaucuucc uuaggagggu caaagugcag aucagaccau gcagguaagg 2820
ugaaccagcu gcacggacca gguucccgca aaacauugcc agcuagugag gcauaauuug 2880
cucaaaguau agaaacagcc caccugugcc cacuuugacc auuggugagg auagauauaa 2940
aaucacuucu uccaacgaag ccuaggugaa aaucuauuua uaaauggacc acaacucugg 3000
ggugucguuu uugugcugug acuuccuaau uauugcuaaa gaacuacugu uuaguuggua 3060
augguguaaa auuacauuca gcuccuucuu gucauauaaa aggaauuugg agggugucgc 3120
uuaaaauuuu auuccaccug uacauuuguc acuuuaaaau uaaaauugag cugguaugag 3180
agauaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaa 3203
<210> 4
<211> 426
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 4
Met Ala Arg Gly Gly Ser Gln Ser Trp Ser Ser Gly Glu Ser Asp Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Pro Lys Glu Gln Thr Pro Glu Lys Pro Arg His Lys Met Val Lys
20 25 30
Glu Thr Gln Tyr Tyr Asp Ile Leu Gly Val Lys Pro Ser Ala Ser Pro
35 40 45
Glu Glu Ile Lys Lys Ala Tyr Arg Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys Tyr His Pro
50 55 60
Asp Lys Asn Pro Asp Glu Gly Glu Lys Phe Lys Leu Ile Ser Gln Ala
65 70 75 80
Tyr Glu Val Leu Ser Asp Pro Lys Lys Arg Asp Val Tyr Asp Gln Gly
85 90 95
Gly Glu Gln Ala Ile Lys Glu Gly Gly Ser Gly Ser Pro Ser Phe Ser
100 105 110
Ser Pro Met Asp Ile Phe Asp Met Phe Phe Gly Gly Gly Gly Arg Met
115 120 125
Ala Arg Glu Arg Arg Gly Lys Asn Val Val His Gln Leu Ser Val Thr
130 135 140
Leu Glu Asp Leu Tyr Asn Gly Val Thr Lys Lys Leu Ala Leu Gln Lys
145 150 155 160
Asn Val Ile Cys Glu Lys Cys Glu Gly Val Gly Gly Lys Lys Gly Ser
165 170 175
Val Glu Lys Cys Pro Leu Cys Lys Gly Arg Gly Met Gln Ile His Ile
180 185 190
Gln Gln Ile Gly Pro Gly Met Val Gln Gln Ile Gln Thr Val Cys Ile
195 200 205
Glu Cys Lys Gly Gln Gly Glu Arg Ile Asn Pro Lys Asp Arg Cys Glu
210 215 220
Ser Cys Ser Gly Ala Lys Val Ile Arg Glu Lys Lys Ile Ile Glu Val
225 230 235 240
His Val Glu Lys Gly Met Lys Asp Gly Gln Lys Ile Leu Phe His Gly
245 250 255
Glu Gly Asp Gln Glu Pro Glu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Val Ile Ile Val
260 265 270
Leu Asp Gln Lys Asp His Ser Val Phe Gln Arg Arg Gly His Asp Leu
275 280 285
Ile Met Lys Met Lys Ile Gln Leu Ser Glu Ala Leu Cys Gly Phe Lys
290 295 300
Lys Thr Ile Lys Thr Leu Asp Asn Arg Ile Leu Val Ile Thr Ser Lys
305 310 315 320
Ala Gly Glu Val Ile Lys His Gly Asp Leu Arg Cys Val Arg Asp Glu
325 330 335
Gly Met Pro Ile Tyr Lys Ala Pro Leu Glu Lys Gly Ile Leu Ile Ile
340 345 350
Gln Phe Leu Val Ile Phe Pro Glu Lys His Trp Leu Ser Leu Glu Lys
355 360 365
Leu Pro Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Leu Pro Pro Arg Gln Lys Val Arg Ile
370 375 380
Thr Asp Asp Met Asp Gln Val Glu Leu Lys Glu Phe Cys Pro Asn Glu
385 390 395 400
Gln Asn Trp Arg Gln His Arg Glu Ala Tyr Glu Glu Asp Glu Asp Gly
405 410 415
Pro Gln Ala Gly Val Gln Cys Gln Thr Ala
420 425
<210> 5
<211> 3064
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 5
gugaccguga cgcgcgagcg ggcggcgggg gcgcgggcca ggggcgcggg ccagggugcc 60
ggcaggggcg uccggggcgc ucugaccggc cucgcccgcc ccccccgcag acacaagaug 120
gugaaggaga cccaguacua ugacauccug ggcgugaagc ccagcgcguc cccggaggag 180
aucaagaagg ccuaucggaa gcuggcgcuc aaguaccacc cggacaagaa cccggaugag 240
ggcgagaagu uuaaacucau aucccaggca uaugaagugc uuucagaucc aaagaaaagg 300
gauguuuaug accaaggcgg agagcaggca auuaaagaag gaggcucagg cagccccagc 360
uucucuucac ccauggacau cuuugacaug uucuuuggug gugguggacg gauggcuaga 420
gagagaagag gcaagaaugu uguacaccag uuaucuguaa cucuugaaga ucuauauaau 480
ggagucacga agaaauuggc ccuccagaaa aauguaauuu gugagaaaug ugaagguguu 540
ggugggaaga agggaucggu ggagaagugc ccgcugugca aggggcgggg gaugcagauc 600
cacauccagc agaucgggcc gggcauggua cagcagaucc agaccgugug caucgagugc 660
aagggccagg gugagcgcau caaccccaag gaccgcugcg agagcugcag cggggccaag 720
gugauccgug agaagaagau uaucgaggua cauguugaaa aagguaugaa agaugggcaa 780
aagauacuau uucauggaga aggagaucag gagccugagc uggagccugg ugaugucaua 840
auugugcuug aucagaagga ucauaguguc uuucagagac gaggccauga cuugaucaug 900
aaaaugaaaa uucagcuuuc ugaagcucuu uguggcuuca agaagacgau aaaaacauug 960
gacaaucgaa uucuuguuau uacauccaaa gcaggugagg ugauaaagca cggggaccug 1020
agaugcgugc gcgaugaagg aaugcccauc uacaaagcac cccuggaaaa agggauucug 1080
aucauacagu uuuuaguaau cuuuccugaa aaacacuggc uuucucugga aaagcuuccu 1140
cagcuggaag cuuuacuccc uccucgacag aaagugagga uuacagauga cauggaucag 1200
guggagcuga aggaguuuug ucccaaugag cagaacuggc gucagcacag ggaggccuac 1260
gaggaggacg aagacgggcc ccaggcugga gugcagugcc agacggcaug acguggugcg 1320
gggcagcgug gccccaccgg acuagcacau gaugaaugua aaguuggcac aaugaaaaug 1380
acaucgcuuu aauggccuug uguuugggau guccugugua uguguucagc auucuuaauu 1440
gcugaguguc uuuuuggcuu uucuuuuggu uguaacuuaa guuauagcuu aauuuauauu 1500
uaaauguuuu aaguauaaau caccucuagu cugcauaugg aaucuguuca uuucuauuuu 1560
caggauauac uuuugagaug ucagugauug caccaauacu uugugcuucu aguggcuuug 1620
ccauaauuca gugucaccaa uaaggcacag cccaguuagc agcuuagccc cccuagcaaa 1680
ccccaaggca caaagugggc auccugacuc aucucuaggu cugugguuuc uccccucuuc 1740
ccuuggcaga guuauugagg gcaugaucuc agggcugcua agauaacauu ucugaggauu 1800
cuagaugauc cucuuaaaga auaaaagcac auccguggau cggacauggc ugcaugugcc 1860
ugcuuaacag ggccaacuua guuccuacug uucugugccc uucaguggau ggaacgugag 1920
ugucugauca ucucucuugg aaguuuucug aaccuuccaa gcucuguggu gaggacaaac 1980
caguguuuga aucauaugcu gauaacuguu ugccugugac ccucacaccu uguucuucag 2040
gguuuuaaug auuuucuguu gacaacuuuu gcaaugcuuu cccaccaaag ugcuuacuug 2100
uaaagaaaac uaaauccuuc uguguccccg gcagccucag ugcagcaaca gaagccaagg 2160
gagaaugcug cugguuuggc ccauggcaca gccagcuucu cugaccagua auccggggug 2220
acuugagggu cugcaaaggc auagaacucc ccaguguuuu ccaccucauu cucccagauu 2280
gagcucccuu ccaaaggauc guuccucuca uugcacagcc auauuacaaa ggguuuccug 2340
cucaagugau guuuugguaa gaacuucgcu gaguuccacu guggauuaca guuuguaugg 2400
acuacuacug uaaauuauag cuuguuugga gggauauuag ucauuauuuu auucaugaca 2460
gguagacuac aauucgaacu uaggguuacc ucagucuuua gccauuacug cuuauuucuu 2520
uuccccaagu cacaaaaaac uuguaagcug cuggguuaaa gcagaggcca ccugucagau 2580
cuacccuacc cuuauuuggu uacauggcac cugagaguuu cacucagacc agggaucuuc 2640
cuuaggaggg ucaaagugca gaucagacca ugcagguaag gugaaccagc ugcacggacc 2700
agguucccgc aaaacauugc cagcuaguga ggcauaauuu gcucaaagua uagaaacagc 2760
ccaccugugc ccacuuugac cauuggugag gauagauaua aaaucacuuc uuccaacgaa 2820
gccuagguga aaaucuauuu auaaauggac cacaacucug gggugucguu uuugugcugu 2880
gacuuccuaa uuauugcuaa agaacuacug uuuaguuggu aaugguguaa aauuacauuc 2940
agcuccuucu ugucauauaa aaggaauuug gagggugucg cuuaaaauuu uauuccaccu 3000
guacauuugu cacuuuaaaa uuaaaauuga gcugguauga gagauaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3060
aaaa 3064
<210> 6
<211> 397
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 6
Met Val Lys Glu Thr Gln Tyr Tyr Asp Ile Leu Gly Val Lys Pro Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Pro Glu Glu Ile Lys Lys Ala Tyr Arg Lys Leu Ala Leu Lys
20 25 30
Tyr His Pro Asp Lys Asn Pro Asp Glu Gly Glu Lys Phe Lys Leu Ile
35 40 45
Ser Gln Ala Tyr Glu Val Leu Ser Asp Pro Lys Lys Arg Asp Val Tyr
50 55 60
Asp Gln Gly Gly Glu Gln Ala Ile Lys Glu Gly Gly Ser Gly Ser Pro
65 70 75 80
Ser Phe Ser Ser Pro Met Asp Ile Phe Asp Met Phe Phe Gly Gly Gly
85 90 95
Gly Arg Met Ala Arg Glu Arg Arg Gly Lys Asn Val Val His Gln Leu
100 105 110
Ser Val Thr Leu Glu Asp Leu Tyr Asn Gly Val Thr Lys Lys Leu Ala
115 120 125
Leu Gln Lys Asn Val Ile Cys Glu Lys Cys Glu Gly Val Gly Gly Lys
130 135 140
Lys Gly Ser Val Glu Lys Cys Pro Leu Cys Lys Gly Arg Gly Met Gln
145 150 155 160
Ile His Ile Gln Gln Ile Gly Pro Gly Met Val Gln Gln Ile Gln Thr
165 170 175
Val Cys Ile Glu Cys Lys Gly Gln Gly Glu Arg Ile Asn Pro Lys Asp
180 185 190
Arg Cys Glu Ser Cys Ser Gly Ala Lys Val Ile Arg Glu Lys Lys Ile
195 200 205
Ile Glu Val His Val Glu Lys Gly Met Lys Asp Gly Gln Lys Ile Leu
210 215 220
Phe His Gly Glu Gly Asp Gln Glu Pro Glu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Val
225 230 235 240
Ile Ile Val Leu Asp Gln Lys Asp His Ser Val Phe Gln Arg Arg Gly
245 250 255
His Asp Leu Ile Met Lys Met Lys Ile Gln Leu Ser Glu Ala Leu Cys
260 265 270
Gly Phe Lys Lys Thr Ile Lys Thr Leu Asp Asn Arg Ile Leu Val Ile
275 280 285
Thr Ser Lys Ala Gly Glu Val Ile Lys His Gly Asp Leu Arg Cys Val
290 295 300
Arg Asp Glu Gly Met Pro Ile Tyr Lys Ala Pro Leu Glu Lys Gly Ile
305 310 315 320
Leu Ile Ile Gln Phe Leu Val Ile Phe Pro Glu Lys His Trp Leu Ser
325 330 335
Leu Glu Lys Leu Pro Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Leu Pro Pro Arg Gln Lys
340 345 350
Val Arg Ile Thr Asp Asp Met Asp Gln Val Glu Leu Lys Glu Phe Cys
355 360 365
Pro Asn Glu Gln Asn Trp Arg Gln His Arg Glu Ala Tyr Glu Glu Asp
370 375 380
Glu Asp Gly Pro Gln Ala Gly Val Gln Cys Gln Thr Ala
385 390 395
<210> 7
<211> 2891
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 7
acauuucagc aagcuggcua aagacaugug ggaaagccug acccuggauu caggucaaau 60
cucagcacuc acaagauuua aacucauauc ccaggcauau gaagugcuuu cagauccaaa 120
gaaaagggau guuuaugacc aaggcggaga gcaggcaauu aaagaaggag gcucaggcag 180
ccccagcuuc ucuucaccca uggacaucuu ugacauguuc uuugguggug guggacggau 240
ggcuagagag agaagaggca agaauguugu acaccaguua ucuguaacuc uugaagaucu 300
auauaaugga gucacgaaga aauuggcccu ccagaaaaau guaauuugug agaaauguga 360
agguguuggu gggaagaagg gaucggugga gaagugcccg cugugcaagg ggcgggggau 420
gcagauccac auccagcaga ucgggccggg caugguacag cagauccaga ccgugugcau 480
cgagugcaag ggccagggug agcgcaucaa ccccaaggac cgcugcgaga gcugcagcgg 540
ggccaaggug auccgugaga agaagauuau cgagguacau guugaaaaag guaugaaaga 600
ugggcaaaag auacuauuuc auggagaagg agaucaggag ccugagcugg agccugguga 660
ugucauaauu gugcuugauc agaaggauca uagugucuuu cagagacgag gccaugacuu 720
gaucaugaaa augaaaauuc agcuuucuga agcucuuugu ggcuucaaga agacgauaaa 780
aacauuggac aaucgaauuc uuguuauuac auccaaagca ggugagguga uaaagcacgg 840
ggaccugaga ugcgugcgcg augaaggaau gcccaucuac aaagcacccc uggaaaaagg 900
gauucugauc auacaguuuu uaguaaucuu uccugaaaaa cacuggcuuu cucuggaaaa 960
gcuuccucag cuggaagcuu uacucccucc ucgacagaaa gugaggauua cagaugacau 1020
ggaucaggug gagcugaagg aguuuugucc caaugagcag aacuggcguc agcacaggga 1080
ggccuacgag gaggacgaag acgggcccca ggcuggagug cagugccaga cggcaugacg 1140
uggugcgggg cagcguggcc ccaccggacu agcacaugau gaauguaaag uuggcacaau 1200
gaaaaugaca ucgcuuuaau ggccuugugu uugggauguc cuguguaugu guucagcauu 1260
cuuaauugcu gagugucuuu uuggcuuuuc uuuugguugu aacuuaaguu auagcuuaau 1320
uuauauuuaa auguuuuaag uauaaaucac cucuagucug cauauggaau cuguucauuu 1380
cuauuuucag gauauacuuu ugagauguca gugauugcac caauacuuug ugcuucuagu 1440
ggcuuugcca uaauucagug ucaccaauaa ggcacagccc aguuagcagc uuagcccccc 1500
uagcaaaccc caaggcacaa agugggcauc cugacucauc ucuaggucug ugguuucucc 1560
ccucuucccu uggcagaguu auugagggca ugaucucagg gcugcuaaga uaacauuucu 1620
gaggauucua gaugauccuc uuaaagaaua aaagcacauc cguggaucgg acauggcugc 1680
augugccugc uuaacagggc caacuuaguu ccuacuguuc ugugcccuuc aguggaugga 1740
acgugagugu cugaucaucu cucuuggaag uuuucugaac cuuccaagcu cuguggugag 1800
gacaaaccag uguuugaauc auaugcugau aacuguuugc cugugacccu cacaccuugu 1860
ucuucagggu uuuaaugauu uucuguugac aacuuuugca augcuuuccc accaaagugc 1920
uuacuuguaa agaaaacuaa auccuucugu guccccggca gccucagugc agcaacagaa 1980
gccaagggag aaugcugcug guuuggccca uggcacagcc agcuucucug accaguaauc 2040
cggggugacu ugagggucug caaaggcaua gaacucccca guguuuucca ccucauucuc 2100
ccagauugag cucccuucca aaggaucguu ccucucauug cacagccaua uuacaaaggg 2160
uuuccugcuc aagugauguu uugguaagaa cuucgcugag uuccacugug gauuacaguu 2220
uguauggacu acuacuguaa auuauagcuu guuuggaggg auauuaguca uuauuuuauu 2280
caugacaggu agacuacaau ucgaacuuag gguuaccuca gucuuuagcc auuacugcuu 2340
auuucuuuuc cccaagucac aaaaaacuug uaagcugcug gguuaaagca gaggccaccu 2400
gucagaucua cccuacccuu auuugguuac auggcaccug agaguuucac ucagaccagg 2460
gaucuuccuu aggaggguca aagugcagau cagaccaugc agguaaggug aaccagcugc 2520
acggaccagg uucccgcaaa acauugccag cuagugaggc auaauuugcu caaaguauag 2580
aaacagccca ccugugccca cuuugaccau uggugaggau agauauaaaa ucacuucuuc 2640
caacgaagcc uaggugaaaa ucuauuuaua aauggaccac aacucugggg ugucguuuuu 2700
gugcugugac uuccuaauua uugcuaaaga acuacuguuu aguugguaau gguguaaaau 2760
uacauucagc uccuucuugu cauauaaaag gaauuuggag ggugucgcuu aaaauuuuau 2820
uccaccugua cauuugucac uuuaaaauua aaauugagcu gguaugagag auaaaaaaaa 2880
aaaaaaaaaa a 2891
<210> 8
<211> 370
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 8
Met Trp Glu Ser Leu Thr Leu Asp Ser Gly Gln Ile Ser Ala Leu Thr
1 5 10 15
Arg Phe Lys Leu Ile Ser Gln Ala Tyr Glu Val Leu Ser Asp Pro Lys
20 25 30
Lys Arg Asp Val Tyr Asp Gln Gly Gly Glu Gln Ala Ile Lys Glu Gly
35 40 45
Gly Ser Gly Ser Pro Ser Phe Ser Ser Pro Met Asp Ile Phe Asp Met
50 55 60
Phe Phe Gly Gly Gly Gly Arg Met Ala Arg Glu Arg Arg Gly Lys Asn
65 70 75 80
Val Val His Gln Leu Ser Val Thr Leu Glu Asp Leu Tyr Asn Gly Val
85 90 95
Thr Lys Lys Leu Ala Leu Gln Lys Asn Val Ile Cys Glu Lys Cys Glu
100 105 110
Gly Val Gly Gly Lys Lys Gly Ser Val Glu Lys Cys Pro Leu Cys Lys
115 120 125
Gly Arg Gly Met Gln Ile His Ile Gln Gln Ile Gly Pro Gly Met Val
130 135 140
Gln Gln Ile Gln Thr Val Cys Ile Glu Cys Lys Gly Gln Gly Glu Arg
145 150 155 160
Ile Asn Pro Lys Asp Arg Cys Glu Ser Cys Ser Gly Ala Lys Val Ile
165 170 175
Arg Glu Lys Lys Ile Ile Glu Val His Val Glu Lys Gly Met Lys Asp
180 185 190
Gly Gln Lys Ile Leu Phe His Gly Glu Gly Asp Gln Glu Pro Glu Leu
195 200 205
Glu Pro Gly Asp Val Ile Ile Val Leu Asp Gln Lys Asp His Ser Val
210 215 220
Phe Gln Arg Arg Gly His Asp Leu Ile Met Lys Met Lys Ile Gln Leu
225 230 235 240
Ser Glu Ala Leu Cys Gly Phe Lys Lys Thr Ile Lys Thr Leu Asp Asn
245 250 255
Arg Ile Leu Val Ile Thr Ser Lys Ala Gly Glu Val Ile Lys His Gly
260 265 270
Asp Leu Arg Cys Val Arg Asp Glu Gly Met Pro Ile Tyr Lys Ala Pro
275 280 285
Leu Glu Lys Gly Ile Leu Ile Ile Gln Phe Leu Val Ile Phe Pro Glu
290 295 300
Lys His Trp Leu Ser Leu Glu Lys Leu Pro Gln Leu Glu Ala Leu Leu
305 310 315 320
Pro Pro Arg Gln Lys Val Arg Ile Thr Asp Asp Met Asp Gln Val Glu
325 330 335
Leu Lys Glu Phe Cys Pro Asn Glu Gln Asn Trp Arg Gln His Arg Glu
340 345 350
Ala Tyr Glu Glu Asp Glu Asp Gly Pro Gln Ala Gly Val Gln Cys Gln
355 360 365
Thr Ala
370
<210> 9
<211> 14905
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 9
cagcggugcg agcuccaggc ccaugcacug aggaggcgga aacaagggga gcccccagag 60
cuccaucaag cccccuccaa aggcuccccu acccggucca cgccccccac ccccccuccc 120
cgccuccucc caauugugca uuuuugcagc cggaggcggc uccgagaugg ggcugugagc 180
uucgcccggg gagggggaaa gagcagcgag gagugaagcg gggggguggg gugaaggguu 240
uggauuucgg ggcagggggc gcacccccgu cagcaggccc uccccaaggg gcucggaacu 300
cuaccucuuc acccacgccc cuggugcgcu uugccgaagg aaagaauaag aacagagaag 360
gaggaggggg aaaggaggaa aagggggacc ccccaacugg ggggggugaa ggagagaagu 420
agcaggacca gaggggaagg ggcugcugcu ugcaucagcc cacaccaugc ugaccccgcc 480
guugcuccug cugcugcccc ugcucucagc ucuggucgcg gcggcuaucg acgccccuaa 540
gacuugcagc cccaagcagu uugccugcag agaucaaaua accuguaucu caaagggcug 600
gcggugcgac ggugagaggg acugcccaga cggaucugac gaggccccug agauuugucc 660
acagaguaag gcccagcgau gccagccaaa cgagcauaac ugccugggua cugagcugug 720
uguucccaug ucccgccucu gcaauggggu ccaggacugc auggacggcu cagaugaggg 780
gccccacugc cgagagcucc aaggcaacug cucucgccug ggcugccagc accauugugu 840
ccccacacuc gaugggccca ccugcuacug caacagcagc uuucagcuuc aggcagaugg 900
caagaccugc aaagauuuug augagugcuc aguguacggc accugcagcc agcuaugcac 960
caacacagac ggcuccuuca uauguggcug uguugaagga uaccuccugc agccggauaa 1020
ccgcuccugc aaggccaaga acgagccagu agaccggccc ccugugcugu ugauagccaa 1080
cucccagaac aucuuggcca cguaccugag uggggcccag gugucuacca ucacaccuac 1140
gagcacgcgg cagaccacag ccauggacuu cagcuaugcc aacgagaccg uaugcugggu 1200
gcauguuggg gacagugcug cucagacgca gcucaagugu gcccgcaugc cuggccuaaa 1260
gggcuucgug gaugagcaca ccaucaacau cucccucagu cugcaccacg uggaacagau 1320
ggccaucgac uggcugacag gcaacuucua cuuuguggau gacaucgaug auaggaucuu 1380
ugucugcaac agaaaugggg acacaugugu cacauugcua gaccuggaac ucuacaaccc 1440
caagggcauu gcccuggacc cugccauggg gaagguguuu uucacugacu augggcagau 1500
cccaaaggug gaacgcugug acauggaugg gcagaaccgc accaagcucg ucgacagcaa 1560
gauuguguuu ccucauggca ucacgcugga ccuggucagc cgccuugucu acugggcaga 1620
ugccuaucug gacuauauug aaguggugga cuaugagggc aagggccgcc agaccaucau 1680
ccagggcauc cugauugagc accuguacgg ccugacugug uuugagaauu aucucuaugc 1740
caccaacucg gacaaugcca augcccagca gaagacgagu gugauccgug ugaaccgcuu 1800
uaacagcacc gaguaccagg uugucacccg gguggacaag gguggugccc uccacaucua 1860
ccaccagagg cgucagcccc gagugaggag ccaugccugu gaaaacgacc aguaugggaa 1920
gccggguggc ugcucugaca ucugccugcu ggccaacagc cacaaggcgc ggaccugccg 1980
cugccguucc ggcuucagcc ugggcaguga cgggaaguca ugcaagaagc cggagcauga 2040
gcuguuccuc guguauggca agggccggcc aggcaucauc cggggcaugg auaugggggc 2100
caaggucccg gaugagcaca ugauccccau ugaaaaccuc augaaccccc gagcccugga 2160
cuuccacgcu gagaccggcu ucaucuacuu ugccgacacc accagcuacc ucauuggccg 2220
ccagaagauu gauggcacug agcgggagac cauccugaag gacggcaucc acaaugugga 2280
ggguguggcc guggacugga ugggagacaa ucuguacugg acggacgaug ggcccaaaaa 2340
gacaaucagc guggccaggc uggagaaagc ugcucagacc cgcaagacuu uaaucgaggg 2400
caaaaugaca caccccaggg cuauuguggu ggauccacuc aaugggugga uguacuggac 2460
agacugggag gaggacccca aggacagucg gcgugggcgg cuggagaggg cguggaugga 2520
uggcucacac cgagacaucu uugucaccuc caagacagug cuuuggccca augggcuaag 2580
ccuggacauc ccggcugggc gccucuacug gguggaugcc uucuacgacc gcaucgagac 2640
gauacugcuc aauggcacag accggaagau uguguaugaa gguccugagc ugaaccacgc 2700
cuuuggccug ugucaccaug gcaacuaccu cuucuggacu gaguaucgga guggcagugu 2760
cuaccgcuug gaacggggug uaggaggcgc accccccacu gugacccuuc ugcgcaguga 2820
gcggcccccc aucuuugaga uccgaaugua ugaugcccag cagcagcaag uuggcaccaa 2880
caaaugccgg gugaacaaug gcggcugcag cagccugugc uuggccaccc cugggagccg 2940
ccagugcgcc ugugcugagg accagguguu ggacgcagac ggcgucacuu gcuuggcgaa 3000
cccauccuac gugccuccac cccagugcca gccaggcgag uuugccugug ccaacagccg 3060
cugcauccag gagcgcugga agugugacgg agacaacgau ugccuggaca acagugauga 3120
ggccccagcc cucugccauc agcacaccug ccccucggac cgauucaagu gcgagaacaa 3180
ccggugcauc cccaaccgcu ggcucugcga cggggacaau gacuguggga acagugaaga 3240
ugaguccaau gccacuuguu cagcccgcac cugccccccc aaccaguucu ccugugccag 3300
uggccgcugc auccccaucu ccuggacgug ugaucuggau gacgacugug gggaccgcuc 3360
ugaugagucu gcuucgugug ccuaucccac cugcuucccc cugacucagu uuaccugcaa 3420
caauggcaga uguaucaaca ucaacuggag augcgacaau gacaaugacu guggggacaa 3480
cagugacgaa gccggcugca gccacuccug uucuagcacc caguucaagu gcaacagcgg 3540
gcguugcauc cccgagcacu ggaccugcga uggggacaau gacugcggag acuacaguga 3600
ugagacacac gccaacugca ccaaccaggc cacgaggccc ccugguggcu gccacacuga 3660
ugaguuccag ugccggcugg auggacuaug caucccccug cgguggcgcu gcgaugggga 3720
cacugacugc auggacucca gcgaugagaa gagcugugag ggagugaccc acgucugcga 3780
ucccaguguc aaguuuggcu gcaaggacuc agcucggugc aucagcaaag cgugggugug 3840
ugauggcgac aaugacugug aggauaacuc ggacgaggag aacugcgagu cccuggccug 3900
caggccaccc ucgcacccuu gugccaacaa caccucaguc ugccugcccc cugacaagcu 3960
gugugauggc aacgacgacu guggcgacgg cucagaugag ggcgagcucu gcgaccagug 4020
cucucugaau aacgguggcu gcagccacaa cugcucagug gcaccuggcg aaggcauugu 4080
guguuccugc ccucugggca uggagcuggg gcccgacaac cacaccugcc agauccagag 4140
cuacugugcc aagcaucuca aaugcagcca aaagugcgac cagaacaagu ucagcgugaa 4200
gugcuccugc uacgagggcu ggguccugga accugacggc gagagcugcc gcagccugga 4260
ccccuucaag ccguucauca uuuucuccaa ccgccaugaa auccggcgca ucgaucuuca 4320
caaaggagac uacagcgucc uggugcccgg ccugcgcaac accaucgccc uggacuucca 4380
ccucagccag agcgcccucu acuggaccga cgugguggag gacaagaucu accgcgggaa 4440
gcugcuggac aacggagccc ugacuaguuu cgagguggug auucaguaug gccuggccac 4500
acccgagggc cuggcuguag acuggauugc aggcaacauc uacugggugg agaguaaccu 4560
ggaucagauc gagguggcca agcuggaugg gacccuccgg accacccugc uggccgguga 4620
cauugagcac ccaagggcaa ucgcacugga uccccgggau gggauccugu uuuggacaga 4680
cugggaugcc agccugcccc gcauugaggc agccuccaug aguggggcug ggcgccgcac 4740
cgugcaccgg gagaccggcu cugggggcug gcccaacggg cucaccgugg acuaccugga 4800
gaagcgcauc cuuuggauug acgccagguc agaugccauu uacucagccc guuacgacgg 4860
cucuggccac auggaggugc uucggggaca cgaguuccug ucgcacccgu uugcagugac 4920
gcuguacggg ggggaggucu acuggacuga cuggcgaaca aacacacugg cuaaggccaa 4980
caaguggacc ggccacaaug ucaccguggu acagaggacc aacacccagc ccuuugaccu 5040
gcagguguac caccccuccc gccagcccau ggcucccaau cccugugagg ccaauggggg 5100
ccagggcccc ugcucccacc ugugucucau caacuacaac cggaccgugu ccugcgccug 5160
cccccaccuc augaagcucc acaaggacaa caccaccugc uaugaguuua agaaguuccu 5220
gcuguacgca cgucagaugg agauccgagg uguggaccug gaugcucccu acuacaacua 5280
caucaucucc uucacggugc ccgacaucga caacgucaca gugcuagacu acgaugcccg 5340
cgagcagcgu guguacuggu cugacgugcg gacacaggcc aucaagcggg ccuucaucaa 5400
cggcacaggc guggagacag ucgucucugc agacuugcca aaugcccacg ggcuggcugu 5460
ggacuggguc ucccgaaacc uguucuggac aagcuaugac accaauaaga agcagaucaa 5520
uguggcccgg cuggauggcu ccuucaagaa cgcaguggug cagggccugg agcagcccca 5580
uggccuuguc guccacccuc ugcgugggaa gcucuacugg accgauggug acaacaucag 5640
cauggccaac auggauggca gcaaucgcac ccugcucuuc aguggccaga agggccccgu 5700
gggccuggcu auugacuucc cugaaagcaa acucuacugg aucagcuccg ggaaccauac 5760
caucaaccgc ugcaaccugg augggagugg gcuggagguc aucgaugcca ugcggagcca 5820
gcugggcaag gccaccgccc uggccaucau gggggacaag cugugguggg cugaucaggu 5880
gucggaaaag augggcacau gcagcaaggc ugacggcucg ggcuccgugg uccuucggaa 5940
cagcaccacc cuggugaugc acaugaaggu cuaugacgag agcauccagc uggaccauaa 6000
gggcaccaac cccugcagug ucaacaacgg ugacugcucc cagcucugcc ugcccacguc 6060
agagacgacc cgcuccugca ugugcacagc cggcuauagc cuccggagug gccagcaggc 6120
cugcgagggc guagguuccu uucuccugua cucugugcau gagggaauca ggggaauucc 6180
ccuggauccc aaugacaagu cagaugcccu ggucccagug uccgggaccu cgcuggcugu 6240
cggcaucgac uuccacgcug aaaaugacac caucuacugg guggacaugg gccugagcac 6300
gaucagccgg gccaagcggg accagacgug gcgugaagac guggugacca auggcauugg 6360
ccguguggag ggcauugcag uggacuggau cgcaggcaac aucuacugga cagaccaggg 6420
cuuugauguc aucgaggucg cccggcucaa uggcuccuuc cgcuacgugg ugaucuccca 6480
gggucuagac aagccccggg ccaucaccgu ccacccggag aaaggguacu uguucuggac 6540
ugaguggggu caguauccgc guauugagcg gucucggcua gauggcacgg agcguguggu 6600
gcuggucaac gucagcauca gcuggcccaa cggcaucuca guggacuacc aggaugggaa 6660
gcuguacugg ugcgaugcac ggacagacaa gauugaacgg aucgaccugg agacagguga 6720
gaaccgcgag gugguucugu ccagcaacaa cauggacaug uuuucagugu cuguguuuga 6780
ggauuucauc uacuggagug acaggacuca ugccaacggc ucuaucaagc gcgggagcaa 6840
agacaaugcc acagacuccg ugccccugcg aaccggcauc ggcguccagc uuaaagacau 6900
caaagucuuc aaccgggacc ggcagaaagg caccaacgug ugcgcggugg ccaauggcgg 6960
gugccagcag cugugccugu accggggccg ugggcagcgg gccugcgccu gugcccacgg 7020
gaugcuggcu gaagacggag caucgugccg cgaguaugcc ggcuaccugc ucuacucaga 7080
gcgcaccauu cucaagagua uccaccuguc ggaugagcgc aaccucaaug cgcccgugca 7140
gcccuucgag gacccugagc acaugaagaa cgucaucgcc cuggccuuug acuaccgggc 7200
aggcaccucu ccgggcaccc ccaaucgcau cuucuucagc gacauccacu uugggaacau 7260
ccaacagauc aacgacgaug gcuccaggag gaucaccauu guggaaaacg ugggcuccgu 7320
ggaaggccug gccuaucacc guggcuggga cacucucuau uggacaagcu acacgacauc 7380
caccaucacg cgccacacag uggaccagac ccgcccaggg gccuucgagc gugagaccgu 7440
caucacuaug ucuggagaug accacccacg ggccuucguu uuggacgagu gccagaaccu 7500
cauguucugg accaacugga augagcagca ucccagcauc augcgggcgg cgcucucggg 7560
agccaauguc cugacccuua ucgagaagga cauccguacc cccaauggcc uggccaucga 7620
ccaccgugcc gagaagcucu acuucucuga cgccacccug gacaagaucg agcggugcga 7680
guaugacggc ucccaccgcu augugauccu aaagucagag ccuguccacc ccuucgggcu 7740
ggccguguau ggggagcaca uuuucuggac ugacugggug cggcgggcag ugcagcgggc 7800
caacaagcac gugggcagca acaugaagcu gcugcgcgug gacauccccc agcagcccau 7860
gggcaucauc gccguggcca acgacaccaa cagcugugaa cucucuccau gccgaaucaa 7920
caacgguggc ugccaggacc ugugucugcu cacucaccag ggccauguca acugcucaug 7980
ccgagggggc cgaauccucc aggaugaccu caccugccga gcggugaauu ccucuugccg 8040
agcacaagau gaguuugagu gugccaaugg cgagugcauc aacuucagcc ugaccugcga 8100
cggcgucccc cacugcaagg acaaguccga ugagaagcca uccuacugca acucccgccg 8160
cugcaagaag acuuuccggc agugcagcaa ugggcgcugu guguccaaca ugcuguggug 8220
caacggggcc gacgacugug gggauggcuc ugacgagauc ccuugcaaca agacagccug 8280
uggugugggc gaguuccgcu gccgggacgg gaccugcauc gggaacucca gccgcugcaa 8340
ccaguuugug gauugugagg acgccucaga ugagaugaac ugcagugcca ccgacugcag 8400
cagcuacuuc cgccugggcg ugaagggcgu gcucuuccag cccugcgagc ggaccucacu 8460
cugcuacgca cccagcuggg ugugugaugg cgccaaugac uguggggacu acagugauga 8520
gcgcgacugc ccagguguga aacgccccag augcccucug aauuacuucg ccugcccuag 8580
ugggcgcugc auccccauga gcuggacgug ugacaaagag gaugacugug aacauggcga 8640
ggacgagacc cacugcaaca aguucugcuc agaggcccag uuugagugcc agaaccaucg 8700
cugcaucucc aagcaguggc ugugugacgg cagcgaugac uguggggaug gcucagacga 8760
ggcugcucac ugugaaggca agacgugcgg ccccuccucc uucuccugcc cuggcaccca 8820
cgugugcguc cccgagcgcu ggcucuguga cggugacaaa gacugugcug auggugcaga 8880
cgagagcauc gcagcugguu gcuuguacaa cagcacuugu gacgaccgug aguucaugug 8940
ccagaaccgc cagugcaucc ccaagcacuu cgugugugac cacgaccgug acugugcaga 9000
uggcucugau gagucccccg agugugagua cccgaccugc ggccccagug aguuccgcug 9060
ugccaauggg cgcugucuga gcucccgcca gugggagugu gauggcgaga augacugcca 9120
cgaccagagu gacgaggcuc ccaagaaccc acacugcacc agccaagagc acaagugcaa 9180
ugccucguca caguuccugu gcagcagugg gcgcugugug gcugaggcac ugcucugcaa 9240
cggccaggau gacuguggcg acagcucgga cgagcguggc ugccacauca augagugucu 9300
cagccgcaag cucaguggcu gcagccagga cugugaggac cucaagaucg gcuucaagug 9360
ccgcugucgc ccuggcuucc ggcugaagga cgacggccgg acgugugcug auguggacga 9420
gugcagcacc accuuccccu gcagccagcg cugcaucaac acucauggca gcuauaagug 9480
ucugugugug gagggcuaug caccccgcgg cggcgacccc cacagcugca aggcugugac 9540
ugacgaggaa ccguuucuga ucuucgccaa ccgguacuac cugcgcaagc ucaaccugga 9600
cggguccaac uacacguuac uuaagcaggg ccugaacaac gccguugccu uggauuuuga 9660
cuaccgagag cagaugaucu acuggacaga ugugaccacc cagggcagca ugauccgaag 9720
gaugcaccuu aacgggagca augugcaggu ccuacaccgu acaggccuca gcaaccccga 9780
ugggcuggcu guggacuggg uggguggcaa ccuguacugg ugcgacaaag gccgggacac 9840
caucgaggug uccaagcuca auggggccua ucggacggug cuggucagcu cuggccuccg 9900
ugagcccagg gcucuggugg uggaugugca gaauggguac cuguacugga cagacugggg 9960
ugaccauuca cugaucggcc gcaucggcau ggaugggucc agccgcagcg ucaucgugga 10020
caccaagauc acauggccca auggccugac gcuggacuau gucacugagc gcaucuacug 10080
ggccgacgcc cgcgaggacu acauugaauu ugccagccug gauggcucca aucgccacgu 10140
ugugcugagc caggacaucc cgcacaucuu ugcacugacc cuguuugagg acuacgucua 10200
cuggaccgac ugggaaacaa aguccauuaa ccgagcccac aagaccacgg gcaccaacaa 10260
aacgcuccuc aucagcacgc ugcaccggcc cauggaccug caugucuucc augcccugcg 10320
ccagccagac gugcccaauc accccugcaa ggucaacaau gguggcugca gcaaccugug 10380
ccugcugucc cccgggggag ggcacaaaug ugccugcccc accaacuucu accugggcag 10440
cgaugggcgc accugugugu ccaacugcac ggcuagccag uuuguaugca agaacgacaa 10500
gugcaucccc uucuggugga agugugacac cgaggacgac ugcggggacc acucagacga 10560
gcccccggac ugcccugagu ucaagugccg gcccggacag uuccagugcu ccacagguau 10620
cugcacaaac ccugccuuca ucugcgaugg cgacaaugac ugccaggaca acagugacga 10680
ggccaacugu gacauccacg ucugcuugcc cagucaguuc aaaugcacca acaccaaccg 10740
cuguauuccc ggcaucuucc gcugcaaugg gcaggacaac ugcggagaug gggaggauga 10800
gagggacugc cccgagguga ccugcgcccc caaccaguuc cagugcucca uuaccaaacg 10860
gugcaucccc cgggucuggg ucugcgaccg ggacaaugac uguguggaug gcagugauga 10920
gcccgccaac ugcacccaga ugaccugugg uguggacgag uuccgcugca aggauucggg 10980
ccgcugcauc ccagcgcguu ggaaguguga cggagaggau gacugugggg auggcucgga 11040
ugagcccaag gaagagugug augaacgcac cugugagcca uaccaguucc gcugcaagaa 11100
caaccgcugc gugcccggcc gcuggcagug cgacuacgac aacgauugcg gugacaacuc 11160
cgaugaagag agcugcaccc cucggcccug cuccgagagu gaguucuccu gugccaacgg 11220
ccgcugcauc gcggggcgcu ggaaaugcga uggagaccac gacugcgcgg acggcucgga 11280
cgagaaagac ugcacccccc gcugugacau ggaccaguuc cagugcaaga gcggccacug 11340
caucccccug cgcuggcgcu gugacgcaga cgccgacugc auggacggca gcgacgagga 11400
ggccugcggc acuggcgugc ggaccugccc ccuggacgag uuccagugca acaacaccuu 11460
gugcaagccg cuggccugga agugcgaugg cgaggaugac uguggggaca acucagauga 11520
gaaccccgag gagugugccc gguucgugug cccucccaac cggcccuucc guugcaagaa 11580
ugaccgcguc ugucugugga ucgggcgcca augcgauggc acggacaacu guggggaugg 11640
gacugaugaa gaggacugug agccccccac agcccacacc acccacugca aagacaagaa 11700
ggaguuucug ugccggaacc agcgcugccu cuccuccucc cugcgcugca acauguucga 11760
ugacugcggg gacggcucug acgaggagga cugcagcauc gaccccaagc ugaccagcug 11820
cgccaccaau gccagcaucu guggggacga ggcacgcugc gugcgcaccg agaaagcggc 11880
cuacugugcc ugccgcucgg gcuuccacac cgugcccggc cagcccggau gccaagacau 11940
caacgagugc cugcgcuucg gcaccugcuc ccagcucugc aacaacacca agggcggcca 12000
ccucugcagc ugcgcucgga acuucaugaa gacgcacaac accugcaagg ccgaaggcuc 12060
ugaguaccag guccuguaca ucgcugauga caaugagauc cgcagccugu uccccggcca 12120
cccccauucg gcuuacgagc aggcauucca gggugacgag aguguccgca uugaugcuau 12180
ggauguccau gucaaggcug gccgugucua uuggaccaac uggcacacgg gcaccaucuc 12240
cuaccgcagc cugccaccug cugcgccucc uaccacuucc aaccgccacc ggcgacagau 12300
ugaccggggu gucacccacc ucaacauuuc agggcugaag augcccagag gcaucgccau 12360
cgacugggug gccggaaacg uguacuggac cgacucgggc cgagauguga uugagguggc 12420
gcagaugaag ggcgagaacc gcaagacgcu caucucgggc augauugacg agccccacgc 12480
cauuguggug gacccacuga gggggaccau guacugguca gacuggggca accaccccaa 12540
gauugagacg gcagcgaugg augggacgcu ucgggagaca cuggugcagg acaacauuca 12600
guggcccaca ggccuggccg uggauuauca caaugagcgg cuguacuggg cagacgccaa 12660
gcuuucaguc aucggcagca uccggcucaa uggcacggac cccauugugg cugcugacag 12720
caaacgaggc cuaagucacc ccuucagcau cgacgucuuu gaggauuaca ucuauggugu 12780
caccuacauc aauaaucgug ucuucaagau ccauaaguuu ggccacagcc ccuuggucaa 12840
ccugacaggg ggccugagcc acgccucuga cgugguccuu uaccaucagc acaagcagcc 12900
cgaagugacc aacccaugug accgcaagaa augcgagugg cucugccugc ugagccccag 12960
ugggccuguc ugcaccuguc ccaaugggaa gcggcuggac aacggcacau gcgugccugu 13020
gcccucucca acgccccccc cagaugcucc ccggccugga accuguaacc ugcagugcuu 13080
caacgguggc agcuguuucc ucaaugcacg gaggcagccc aagugccgcu gccaaccccg 13140
cuacacgggu gacaagugug aacuggacca gugcugggag cacugucgca augggggcac 13200
cugugcugcc ucccccucug gcaugcccac gugccggugc cccacgggcu ucacgggccc 13260
caaaugcacc cagcaggugu gugcgggcua cugugccaac aacagcaccu gcacugucaa 13320
ccagggcaac cagccccagu gccgaugccu acccggcuuc cugggcgacc gcugccagua 13380
ccggcagugc ucuggcuacu gugagaacuu uggcacaugc cagauggcug cugauggcuc 13440
ccgacaaugc cgcugcacug ccuacuuuga gggaucgagg ugugagguga acaagugcag 13500
ccgcugucuc gaaggggccu guguggucaa caagcagagu ggggauguca ccugcaacug 13560
cacggauggc cggguggccc ccagcugucu gaccugcguc ggccacugca gcaauggcgg 13620
cuccuguacc augaacagca aaaugaugcc ugagugccag ugcccacccc acaugacagg 13680
gccccggugu gaggagcacg ucuucagcca gcagcagcca ggacauauag ccuccauccu 13740
aaucccucug cuguugcugc ugcugcuggu ucugguggcc ggagugguau ucugguauaa 13800
gcggcgaguc caaggggcua agggcuucca gcaccaacgg augaccaacg gggccaugaa 13860
cguggagauu ggaaacccca ccuacaagau guacgaaggc ggagagccug augauguggg 13920
aggccuacug gacgcugacu uugcccugga cccugacaag cccaccaacu ucaccaaccc 13980
cguguaugcc acacucuaca uggggggcca uggcagucgc cacucccugg ccagcacgga 14040
cgagaagcga gaacuccugg gccggggccc ugaggacgag auaggggacc ccuuggcaua 14100
gggcccugcc ccgucggacu gcccccagaa agccuccugc ccccugccgg ugaaguccuu 14160
cagugagccc cuccccagcc agcccuuccc uggccccgcc ggauguauaa auguaaaaau 14220
gaaggaauua cauuuuauau gugagcgagc aagccggcaa gcgagcacag uauuauuucu 14280
ccauccccuc ccugccugcu ccuuggcacc cccaugcugc cuucagggag acaggcaggg 14340
agggcuuggg gcugcaccuc cuacccuccc accagaacgc accccacugg gagagcuggu 14400
ggugcagccu uccccucccu guauaagaca cuuugccaag gcucuccccu cucgccccau 14460
cccugcuugc ccgcucccac agcuuccuga gggcuaauuc ugggaaggga gaguucuuug 14520
cugccccugu cuggaagacg uggcucuggg ugagguaggc gggaaaggau ggaguguuuu 14580
aguucuuggg ggaggccacc ccaaacccca gccccaacuc caggggcacc uaugagaugg 14640
ccaugcucaa ccccccuccc agacaggccc ucccugucuc cagggccccc accgagguuc 14700
ccagggcugg agacuuccuc ugguaaacau uccuccagcc uccccucccc uggggacgcc 14760
aaggaggugg gccacaccca ggaagggaaa gcgggcagcc ccguuuuggg gacgugaacg 14820
uuuuaauaau uuuugcugaa uuccuuuaca acuaaauaac acagauauug uuauaaauaa 14880
aauuguaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaa 14905
<210> 10
<211> 4544
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 10
Met Leu Thr Pro Pro Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Pro Leu Leu Ser Ala Leu
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Ala Ala Ile Asp Ala Pro Lys Thr Cys Ser Pro Lys Gln Phe
20 25 30
Ala Cys Arg Asp Gln Ile Thr Cys Ile Ser Lys Gly Trp Arg Cys Asp
35 40 45
Gly Glu Arg Asp Cys Pro Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ala Pro Glu Ile Cys
50 55 60
Pro Gln Ser Lys Ala Gln Arg Cys Gln Pro Asn Glu His Asn Cys Leu
65 70 75 80
Gly Thr Glu Leu Cys Val Pro Met Ser Arg Leu Cys Asn Gly Val Gln
85 90 95
Asp Cys Met Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Gly Pro His Cys Arg Glu Leu Gln
100 105 110
Gly Asn Cys Ser Arg Leu Gly Cys Gln His His Cys Val Pro Thr Leu
115 120 125
Asp Gly Pro Thr Cys Tyr Cys Asn Ser Ser Phe Gln Leu Gln Ala Asp
130 135 140
Gly Lys Thr Cys Lys Asp Phe Asp Glu Cys Ser Val Tyr Gly Thr Cys
145 150 155 160
Ser Gln Leu Cys Thr Asn Thr Asp Gly Ser Phe Ile Cys Gly Cys Val
165 170 175
Glu Gly Tyr Leu Leu Gln Pro Asp Asn Arg Ser Cys Lys Ala Lys Asn
180 185 190
Glu Pro Val Asp Arg Pro Pro Val Leu Leu Ile Ala Asn Ser Gln Asn
195 200 205
Ile Leu Ala Thr Tyr Leu Ser Gly Ala Gln Val Ser Thr Ile Thr Pro
210 215 220
Thr Ser Thr Arg Gln Thr Thr Ala Met Asp Phe Ser Tyr Ala Asn Glu
225 230 235 240
Thr Val Cys Trp Val His Val Gly Asp Ser Ala Ala Gln Thr Gln Leu
245 250 255
Lys Cys Ala Arg Met Pro Gly Leu Lys Gly Phe Val Asp Glu His Thr
260 265 270
Ile Asn Ile Ser Leu Ser Leu His His Val Glu Gln Met Ala Ile Asp
275 280 285
Trp Leu Thr Gly Asn Phe Tyr Phe Val Asp Asp Ile Asp Asp Arg Ile
290 295 300
Phe Val Cys Asn Arg Asn Gly Asp Thr Cys Val Thr Leu Leu Asp Leu
305 310 315 320
Glu Leu Tyr Asn Pro Lys Gly Ile Ala Leu Asp Pro Ala Met Gly Lys
325 330 335
Val Phe Phe Thr Asp Tyr Gly Gln Ile Pro Lys Val Glu Arg Cys Asp
340 345 350
Met Asp Gly Gln Asn Arg Thr Lys Leu Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Val Phe
355 360 365
Pro His Gly Ile Thr Leu Asp Leu Val Ser Arg Leu Val Tyr Trp Ala
370 375 380
Asp Ala Tyr Leu Asp Tyr Ile Glu Val Val Asp Tyr Glu Gly Lys Gly
385 390 395 400
Arg Gln Thr Ile Ile Gln Gly Ile Leu Ile Glu His Leu Tyr Gly Leu
405 410 415
Thr Val Phe Glu Asn Tyr Leu Tyr Ala Thr Asn Ser Asp Asn Ala Asn
420 425 430
Ala Gln Gln Lys Thr Ser Val Ile Arg Val Asn Arg Phe Asn Ser Thr
435 440 445
Glu Tyr Gln Val Val Thr Arg Val Asp Lys Gly Gly Ala Leu His Ile
450 455 460
Tyr His Gln Arg Arg Gln Pro Arg Val Arg Ser His Ala Cys Glu Asn
465 470 475 480
Asp Gln Tyr Gly Lys Pro Gly Gly Cys Ser Asp Ile Cys Leu Leu Ala
485 490 495
Asn Ser His Lys Ala Arg Thr Cys Arg Cys Arg Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu
500 505 510
Gly Ser Asp Gly Lys Ser Cys Lys Lys Pro Glu His Glu Leu Phe Leu
515 520 525
Val Tyr Gly Lys Gly Arg Pro Gly Ile Ile Arg Gly Met Asp Met Gly
530 535 540
Ala Lys Val Pro Asp Glu His Met Ile Pro Ile Glu Asn Leu Met Asn
545 550 555 560
Pro Arg Ala Leu Asp Phe His Ala Glu Thr Gly Phe Ile Tyr Phe Ala
565 570 575
Asp Thr Thr Ser Tyr Leu Ile Gly Arg Gln Lys Ile Asp Gly Thr Glu
580 585 590
Arg Glu Thr Ile Leu Lys Asp Gly Ile His Asn Val Glu Gly Val Ala
595 600 605
Val Asp Trp Met Gly Asp Asn Leu Tyr Trp Thr Asp Asp Gly Pro Lys
610 615 620
Lys Thr Ile Ser Val Ala Arg Leu Glu Lys Ala Ala Gln Thr Arg Lys
625 630 635 640
Thr Leu Ile Glu Gly Lys Met Thr His Pro Arg Ala Ile Val Val Asp
645 650 655
Pro Leu Asn Gly Trp Met Tyr Trp Thr Asp Trp Glu Glu Asp Pro Lys
660 665 670
Asp Ser Arg Arg Gly Arg Leu Glu Arg Ala Trp Met Asp Gly Ser His
675 680 685
Arg Asp Ile Phe Val Thr Ser Lys Thr Val Leu Trp Pro Asn Gly Leu
690 695 700
Ser Leu Asp Ile Pro Ala Gly Arg Leu Tyr Trp Val Asp Ala Phe Tyr
705 710 715 720
Asp Arg Ile Glu Thr Ile Leu Leu Asn Gly Thr Asp Arg Lys Ile Val
725 730 735
Tyr Glu Gly Pro Glu Leu Asn His Ala Phe Gly Leu Cys His His Gly
740 745 750
Asn Tyr Leu Phe Trp Thr Glu Tyr Arg Ser Gly Ser Val Tyr Arg Leu
755 760 765
Glu Arg Gly Val Gly Gly Ala Pro Pro Thr Val Thr Leu Leu Arg Ser
770 775 780
Glu Arg Pro Pro Ile Phe Glu Ile Arg Met Tyr Asp Ala Gln Gln Gln
785 790 795 800
Gln Val Gly Thr Asn Lys Cys Arg Val Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser Ser
805 810 815
Leu Cys Leu Ala Thr Pro Gly Ser Arg Gln Cys Ala Cys Ala Glu Asp
820 825 830
Gln Val Leu Asp Ala Asp Gly Val Thr Cys Leu Ala Asn Pro Ser Tyr
835 840 845
Val Pro Pro Pro Gln Cys Gln Pro Gly Glu Phe Ala Cys Ala Asn Ser
850 855 860
Arg Cys Ile Gln Glu Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Cys Leu
865 870 875 880
Asp Asn Ser Asp Glu Ala Pro Ala Leu Cys His Gln His Thr Cys Pro
885 890 895
Ser Asp Arg Phe Lys Cys Glu Asn Asn Arg Cys Ile Pro Asn Arg Trp
900 905 910
Leu Cys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Cys Gly Asn Ser Glu Asp Glu Ser Asn
915 920 925
Ala Thr Cys Ser Ala Arg Thr Cys Pro Pro Asn Gln Phe Ser Cys Ala
930 935 940
Ser Gly Arg Cys Ile Pro Ile Ser Trp Thr Cys Asp Leu Asp Asp Asp
945 950 955 960
Cys Gly Asp Arg Ser Asp Glu Ser Ala Ser Cys Ala Tyr Pro Thr Cys
965 970 975
Phe Pro Leu Thr Gln Phe Thr Cys Asn Asn Gly Arg Cys Ile Asn Ile
980 985 990
Asn Trp Arg Cys Asp Asn Asp Asn Asp Cys Gly Asp Asn Ser Asp Glu
995 1000 1005
Ala Gly Cys Ser His Ser Cys Ser Ser Thr Gln Phe Lys Cys Asn Ser
1010 1015 1020
Gly Arg Cys Ile Pro Glu His Trp Thr Cys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Cys
1025 1030 1035 1040
Gly Asp Tyr Ser Asp Glu Thr His Ala Asn Cys Thr Asn Gln Ala Thr
1045 1050 1055
Arg Pro Pro Gly Gly Cys His Thr Asp Glu Phe Gln Cys Arg Leu Asp
1060 1065 1070
Gly Leu Cys Ile Pro Leu Arg Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Asp Thr Asp Cys
1075 1080 1085
Met Asp Ser Ser Asp Glu Lys Ser Cys Glu Gly Val Thr His Val Cys
1090 1095 1100
Asp Pro Ser Val Lys Phe Gly Cys Lys Asp Ser Ala Arg Cys Ile Ser
1105 1110 1115 1120
Lys Ala Trp Val Cys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Cys Glu Asp Asn Ser Asp
1125 1130 1135
Glu Glu Asn Cys Glu Ser Leu Ala Cys Arg Pro Pro Ser His Pro Cys
1140 1145 1150
Ala Asn Asn Thr Ser Val Cys Leu Pro Pro Asp Lys Leu Cys Asp Gly
1155 1160 1165
Asn Asp Asp Cys Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Gly Glu Leu Cys Asp Gln
1170 1175 1180
Cys Ser Leu Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser His Asn Cys Ser Val Ala Pro
1185 1190 1195 1200
Gly Glu Gly Ile Val Cys Ser Cys Pro Leu Gly Met Glu Leu Gly Pro
1205 1210 1215
Asp Asn His Thr Cys Gln Ile Gln Ser Tyr Cys Ala Lys His Leu Lys
1220 1225 1230
Cys Ser Gln Lys Cys Asp Gln Asn Lys Phe Ser Val Lys Cys Ser Cys
1235 1240 1245
Tyr Glu Gly Trp Val Leu Glu Pro Asp Gly Glu Ser Cys Arg Ser Leu
1250 1255 1260
Asp Pro Phe Lys Pro Phe Ile Ile Phe Ser Asn Arg His Glu Ile Arg
1265 1270 1275 1280
Arg Ile Asp Leu His Lys Gly Asp Tyr Ser Val Leu Val Pro Gly Leu
1285 1290 1295
Arg Asn Thr Ile Ala Leu Asp Phe His Leu Ser Gln Ser Ala Leu Tyr
1300 1305 1310
Trp Thr Asp Val Val Glu Asp Lys Ile Tyr Arg Gly Lys Leu Leu Asp
1315 1320 1325
Asn Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Phe Glu Val Val Ile Gln Tyr Gly Leu Ala
1330 1335 1340
Thr Pro Glu Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp Ile Ala Gly Asn Ile Tyr Trp
1345 1350 1355 1360
Val Glu Ser Asn Leu Asp Gln Ile Glu Val Ala Lys Leu Asp Gly Thr
1365 1370 1375
Leu Arg Thr Thr Leu Leu Ala Gly Asp Ile Glu His Pro Arg Ala Ile
1380 1385 1390
Ala Leu Asp Pro Arg Asp Gly Ile Leu Phe Trp Thr Asp Trp Asp Ala
1395 1400 1405
Ser Leu Pro Arg Ile Glu Ala Ala Ser Met Ser Gly Ala Gly Arg Arg
1410 1415 1420
Thr Val His Arg Glu Thr Gly Ser Gly Gly Trp Pro Asn Gly Leu Thr
1425 1430 1435 1440
Val Asp Tyr Leu Glu Lys Arg Ile Leu Trp Ile Asp Ala Arg Ser Asp
1445 1450 1455
Ala Ile Tyr Ser Ala Arg Tyr Asp Gly Ser Gly His Met Glu Val Leu
1460 1465 1470
Arg Gly His Glu Phe Leu Ser His Pro Phe Ala Val Thr Leu Tyr Gly
1475 1480 1485
Gly Glu Val Tyr Trp Thr Asp Trp Arg Thr Asn Thr Leu Ala Lys Ala
1490 1495 1500
Asn Lys Trp Thr Gly His Asn Val Thr Val Val Gln Arg Thr Asn Thr
1505 1510 1515 1520
Gln Pro Phe Asp Leu Gln Val Tyr His Pro Ser Arg Gln Pro Met Ala
1525 1530 1535
Pro Asn Pro Cys Glu Ala Asn Gly Gly Gln Gly Pro Cys Ser His Leu
1540 1545 1550
Cys Leu Ile Asn Tyr Asn Arg Thr Val Ser Cys Ala Cys Pro His Leu
1555 1560 1565
Met Lys Leu His Lys Asp Asn Thr Thr Cys Tyr Glu Phe Lys Lys Phe
1570 1575 1580
Leu Leu Tyr Ala Arg Gln Met Glu Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Leu Asp Ala
1585 1590 1595 1600
Pro Tyr Tyr Asn Tyr Ile Ile Ser Phe Thr Val Pro Asp Ile Asp Asn
1605 1610 1615
Val Thr Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Ala Arg Glu Gln Arg Val Tyr Trp Ser
1620 1625 1630
Asp Val Arg Thr Gln Ala Ile Lys Arg Ala Phe Ile Asn Gly Thr Gly
1635 1640 1645
Val Glu Thr Val Val Ser Ala Asp Leu Pro Asn Ala His Gly Leu Ala
1650 1655 1660
Val Asp Trp Val Ser Arg Asn Leu Phe Trp Thr Ser Tyr Asp Thr Asn
1665 1670 1675 1680
Lys Lys Gln Ile Asn Val Ala Arg Leu Asp Gly Ser Phe Lys Asn Ala
1685 1690 1695
Val Val Gln Gly Leu Glu Gln Pro His Gly Leu Val Val His Pro Leu
1700 1705 1710
Arg Gly Lys Leu Tyr Trp Thr Asp Gly Asp Asn Ile Ser Met Ala Asn
1715 1720 1725
Met Asp Gly Ser Asn Arg Thr Leu Leu Phe Ser Gly Gln Lys Gly Pro
1730 1735 1740
Val Gly Leu Ala Ile Asp Phe Pro Glu Ser Lys Leu Tyr Trp Ile Ser
1745 1750 1755 1760
Ser Gly Asn His Thr Ile Asn Arg Cys Asn Leu Asp Gly Ser Gly Leu
1765 1770 1775
Glu Val Ile Asp Ala Met Arg Ser Gln Leu Gly Lys Ala Thr Ala Leu
1780 1785 1790
Ala Ile Met Gly Asp Lys Leu Trp Trp Ala Asp Gln Val Ser Glu Lys
1795 1800 1805
Met Gly Thr Cys Ser Lys Ala Asp Gly Ser Gly Ser Val Val Leu Arg
1810 1815 1820
Asn Ser Thr Thr Leu Val Met His Met Lys Val Tyr Asp Glu Ser Ile
1825 1830 1835 1840
Gln Leu Asp His Lys Gly Thr Asn Pro Cys Ser Val Asn Asn Gly Asp
1845 1850 1855
Cys Ser Gln Leu Cys Leu Pro Thr Ser Glu Thr Thr Arg Ser Cys Met
1860 1865 1870
Cys Thr Ala Gly Tyr Ser Leu Arg Ser Gly Gln Gln Ala Cys Glu Gly
1875 1880 1885
Val Gly Ser Phe Leu Leu Tyr Ser Val His Glu Gly Ile Arg Gly Ile
1890 1895 1900
Pro Leu Asp Pro Asn Asp Lys Ser Asp Ala Leu Val Pro Val Ser Gly
1905 1910 1915 1920
Thr Ser Leu Ala Val Gly Ile Asp Phe His Ala Glu Asn Asp Thr Ile
1925 1930 1935
Tyr Trp Val Asp Met Gly Leu Ser Thr Ile Ser Arg Ala Lys Arg Asp
1940 1945 1950
Gln Thr Trp Arg Glu Asp Val Val Thr Asn Gly Ile Gly Arg Val Glu
1955 1960 1965
Gly Ile Ala Val Asp Trp Ile Ala Gly Asn Ile Tyr Trp Thr Asp Gln
1970 1975 1980
Gly Phe Asp Val Ile Glu Val Ala Arg Leu Asn Gly Ser Phe Arg Tyr
1985 1990 1995 2000
Val Val Ile Ser Gln Gly Leu Asp Lys Pro Arg Ala Ile Thr Val His
2005 2010 2015
Pro Glu Lys Gly Tyr Leu Phe Trp Thr Glu Trp Gly Gln Tyr Pro Arg
2020 2025 2030
Ile Glu Arg Ser Arg Leu Asp Gly Thr Glu Arg Val Val Leu Val Asn
2035 2040 2045
Val Ser Ile Ser Trp Pro Asn Gly Ile Ser Val Asp Tyr Gln Asp Gly
2050 2055 2060
Lys Leu Tyr Trp Cys Asp Ala Arg Thr Asp Lys Ile Glu Arg Ile Asp
2065 2070 2075 2080
Leu Glu Thr Gly Glu Asn Arg Glu Val Val Leu Ser Ser Asn Asn Met
2085 2090 2095
Asp Met Phe Ser Val Ser Val Phe Glu Asp Phe Ile Tyr Trp Ser Asp
2100 2105 2110
Arg Thr His Ala Asn Gly Ser Ile Lys Arg Gly Ser Lys Asp Asn Ala
2115 2120 2125
Thr Asp Ser Val Pro Leu Arg Thr Gly Ile Gly Val Gln Leu Lys Asp
2130 2135 2140
Ile Lys Val Phe Asn Arg Asp Arg Gln Lys Gly Thr Asn Val Cys Ala
2145 2150 2155 2160
Val Ala Asn Gly Gly Cys Gln Gln Leu Cys Leu Tyr Arg Gly Arg Gly
2165 2170 2175
Gln Arg Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala His Gly Met Leu Ala Glu Asp Gly Ala
2180 2185 2190
Ser Cys Arg Glu Tyr Ala Gly Tyr Leu Leu Tyr Ser Glu Arg Thr Ile
2195 2200 2205
Leu Lys Ser Ile His Leu Ser Asp Glu Arg Asn Leu Asn Ala Pro Val
2210 2215 2220
Gln Pro Phe Glu Asp Pro Glu His Met Lys Asn Val Ile Ala Leu Ala
2225 2230 2235 2240
Phe Asp Tyr Arg Ala Gly Thr Ser Pro Gly Thr Pro Asn Arg Ile Phe
2245 2250 2255
Phe Ser Asp Ile His Phe Gly Asn Ile Gln Gln Ile Asn Asp Asp Gly
2260 2265 2270
Ser Arg Arg Ile Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Val Gly Ser Val Glu Gly Leu
2275 2280 2285
Ala Tyr His Arg Gly Trp Asp Thr Leu Tyr Trp Thr Ser Tyr Thr Thr
2290 2295 2300
Ser Thr Ile Thr Arg His Thr Val Asp Gln Thr Arg Pro Gly Ala Phe
2305 2310 2315 2320
Glu Arg Glu Thr Val Ile Thr Met Ser Gly Asp Asp His Pro Arg Ala
2325 2330 2335
Phe Val Leu Asp Glu Cys Gln Asn Leu Met Phe Trp Thr Asn Trp Asn
2340 2345 2350
Glu Gln His Pro Ser Ile Met Arg Ala Ala Leu Ser Gly Ala Asn Val
2355 2360 2365
Leu Thr Leu Ile Glu Lys Asp Ile Arg Thr Pro Asn Gly Leu Ala Ile
2370 2375 2380
Asp His Arg Ala Glu Lys Leu Tyr Phe Ser Asp Ala Thr Leu Asp Lys
2385 2390 2395 2400
Ile Glu Arg Cys Glu Tyr Asp Gly Ser His Arg Tyr Val Ile Leu Lys
2405 2410 2415
Ser Glu Pro Val His Pro Phe Gly Leu Ala Val Tyr Gly Glu His Ile
2420 2425 2430
Phe Trp Thr Asp Trp Val Arg Arg Ala Val Gln Arg Ala Asn Lys His
2435 2440 2445
Val Gly Ser Asn Met Lys Leu Leu Arg Val Asp Ile Pro Gln Gln Pro
2450 2455 2460
Met Gly Ile Ile Ala Val Ala Asn Asp Thr Asn Ser Cys Glu Leu Ser
2465 2470 2475 2480
Pro Cys Arg Ile Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Gln Asp Leu Cys Leu Leu Thr
2485 2490 2495
His Gln Gly His Val Asn Cys Ser Cys Arg Gly Gly Arg Ile Leu Gln
2500 2505 2510
Asp Asp Leu Thr Cys Arg Ala Val Asn Ser Ser Cys Arg Ala Gln Asp
2515 2520 2525
Glu Phe Glu Cys Ala Asn Gly Glu Cys Ile Asn Phe Ser Leu Thr Cys
2530 2535 2540
Asp Gly Val Pro His Cys Lys Asp Lys Ser Asp Glu Lys Pro Ser Tyr
2545 2550 2555 2560
Cys Asn Ser Arg Arg Cys Lys Lys Thr Phe Arg Gln Cys Ser Asn Gly
2565 2570 2575
Arg Cys Val Ser Asn Met Leu Trp Cys Asn Gly Ala Asp Asp Cys Gly
2580 2585 2590
Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ile Pro Cys Asn Lys Thr Ala Cys Gly Val Gly
2595 2600 2605
Glu Phe Arg Cys Arg Asp Gly Thr Cys Ile Gly Asn Ser Ser Arg Cys
2610 2615 2620
Asn Gln Phe Val Asp Cys Glu Asp Ala Ser Asp Glu Met Asn Cys Ser
2625 2630 2635 2640
Ala Thr Asp Cys Ser Ser Tyr Phe Arg Leu Gly Val Lys Gly Val Leu
2645 2650 2655
Phe Gln Pro Cys Glu Arg Thr Ser Leu Cys Tyr Ala Pro Ser Trp Val
2660 2665 2670
Cys Asp Gly Ala Asn Asp Cys Gly Asp Tyr Ser Asp Glu Arg Asp Cys
2675 2680 2685
Pro Gly Val Lys Arg Pro Arg Cys Pro Leu Asn Tyr Phe Ala Cys Pro
2690 2695 2700
Ser Gly Arg Cys Ile Pro Met Ser Trp Thr Cys Asp Lys Glu Asp Asp
2705 2710 2715 2720
Cys Glu His Gly Glu Asp Glu Thr His Cys Asn Lys Phe Cys Ser Glu
2725 2730 2735
Ala Gln Phe Glu Cys Gln Asn His Arg Cys Ile Ser Lys Gln Trp Leu
2740 2745 2750
Cys Asp Gly Ser Asp Asp Cys Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ala Ala His
2755 2760 2765
Cys Glu Gly Lys Thr Cys Gly Pro Ser Ser Phe Ser Cys Pro Gly Thr
2770 2775 2780
His Val Cys Val Pro Glu Arg Trp Leu Cys Asp Gly Asp Lys Asp Cys
2785 2790 2795 2800
Ala Asp Gly Ala Asp Glu Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Cys Leu Tyr Asn Ser
2805 2810 2815
Thr Cys Asp Asp Arg Glu Phe Met Cys Gln Asn Arg Gln Cys Ile Pro
2820 2825 2830
Lys His Phe Val Cys Asp His Asp Arg Asp Cys Ala Asp Gly Ser Asp
2835 2840 2845
Glu Ser Pro Glu Cys Glu Tyr Pro Thr Cys Gly Pro Ser Glu Phe Arg
2850 2855 2860
Cys Ala Asn Gly Arg Cys Leu Ser Ser Arg Gln Trp Glu Cys Asp Gly
2865 2870 2875 2880
Glu Asn Asp Cys His Asp Gln Ser Asp Glu Ala Pro Lys Asn Pro His
2885 2890 2895
Cys Thr Ser Gln Glu His Lys Cys Asn Ala Ser Ser Gln Phe Leu Cys
2900 2905 2910
Ser Ser Gly Arg Cys Val Ala Glu Ala Leu Leu Cys Asn Gly Gln Asp
2915 2920 2925
Asp Cys Gly Asp Ser Ser Asp Glu Arg Gly Cys His Ile Asn Glu Cys
2930 2935 2940
Leu Ser Arg Lys Leu Ser Gly Cys Ser Gln Asp Cys Glu Asp Leu Lys
2945 2950 2955 2960
Ile Gly Phe Lys Cys Arg Cys Arg Pro Gly Phe Arg Leu Lys Asp Asp
2965 2970 2975
Gly Arg Thr Cys Ala Asp Val Asp Glu Cys Ser Thr Thr Phe Pro Cys
2980 2985 2990
Ser Gln Arg Cys Ile Asn Thr His Gly Ser Tyr Lys Cys Leu Cys Val
2995 3000 3005
Glu Gly Tyr Ala Pro Arg Gly Gly Asp Pro His Ser Cys Lys Ala Val
3010 3015 3020
Thr Asp Glu Glu Pro Phe Leu Ile Phe Ala Asn Arg Tyr Tyr Leu Arg
3025 3030 3035 3040
Lys Leu Asn Leu Asp Gly Ser Asn Tyr Thr Leu Leu Lys Gln Gly Leu
3045 3050 3055
Asn Asn Ala Val Ala Leu Asp Phe Asp Tyr Arg Glu Gln Met Ile Tyr
3060 3065 3070
Trp Thr Asp Val Thr Thr Gln Gly Ser Met Ile Arg Arg Met His Leu
3075 3080 3085
Asn Gly Ser Asn Val Gln Val Leu His Arg Thr Gly Leu Ser Asn Pro
3090 3095 3100
Asp Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp Val Gly Gly Asn Leu Tyr Trp Cys Asp
3105 3110 3115 3120
Lys Gly Arg Asp Thr Ile Glu Val Ser Lys Leu Asn Gly Ala Tyr Arg
3125 3130 3135
Thr Val Leu Val Ser Ser Gly Leu Arg Glu Pro Arg Ala Leu Val Val
3140 3145 3150
Asp Val Gln Asn Gly Tyr Leu Tyr Trp Thr Asp Trp Gly Asp His Ser
3155 3160 3165
Leu Ile Gly Arg Ile Gly Met Asp Gly Ser Ser Arg Ser Val Ile Val
3170 3175 3180
Asp Thr Lys Ile Thr Trp Pro Asn Gly Leu Thr Leu Asp Tyr Val Thr
3185 3190 3195 3200
Glu Arg Ile Tyr Trp Ala Asp Ala Arg Glu Asp Tyr Ile Glu Phe Ala
3205 3210 3215
Ser Leu Asp Gly Ser Asn Arg His Val Val Leu Ser Gln Asp Ile Pro
3220 3225 3230
His Ile Phe Ala Leu Thr Leu Phe Glu Asp Tyr Val Tyr Trp Thr Asp
3235 3240 3245
Trp Glu Thr Lys Ser Ile Asn Arg Ala His Lys Thr Thr Gly Thr Asn
3250 3255 3260
Lys Thr Leu Leu Ile Ser Thr Leu His Arg Pro Met Asp Leu His Val
3265 3270 3275 3280
Phe His Ala Leu Arg Gln Pro Asp Val Pro Asn His Pro Cys Lys Val
3285 3290 3295
Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser Asn Leu Cys Leu Leu Ser Pro Gly Gly Gly
3300 3305 3310
His Lys Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Asn Phe Tyr Leu Gly Ser Asp Gly Arg
3315 3320 3325
Thr Cys Val Ser Asn Cys Thr Ala Ser Gln Phe Val Cys Lys Asn Asp
3330 3335 3340
Lys Cys Ile Pro Phe Trp Trp Lys Cys Asp Thr Glu Asp Asp Cys Gly
3345 3350 3355 3360
Asp His Ser Asp Glu Pro Pro Asp Cys Pro Glu Phe Lys Cys Arg Pro
3365 3370 3375
Gly Gln Phe Gln Cys Ser Thr Gly Ile Cys Thr Asn Pro Ala Phe Ile
3380 3385 3390
Cys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Cys Gln Asp Asn Ser Asp Glu Ala Asn Cys
3395 3400 3405
Asp Ile His Val Cys Leu Pro Ser Gln Phe Lys Cys Thr Asn Thr Asn
3410 3415 3420
Arg Cys Ile Pro Gly Ile Phe Arg Cys Asn Gly Gln Asp Asn Cys Gly
3425 3430 3435 3440
Asp Gly Glu Asp Glu Arg Asp Cys Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Ala Pro Asn
3445 3450 3455
Gln Phe Gln Cys Ser Ile Thr Lys Arg Cys Ile Pro Arg Val Trp Val
3460 3465 3470
Cys Asp Arg Asp Asn Asp Cys Val Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Pro Ala Asn
3475 3480 3485
Cys Thr Gln Met Thr Cys Gly Val Asp Glu Phe Arg Cys Lys Asp Ser
3490 3495 3500
Gly Arg Cys Ile Pro Ala Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Asp Asp Cys
3505 3510 3515 3520
Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Pro Lys Glu Glu Cys Asp Glu Arg Thr Cys
3525 3530 3535
Glu Pro Tyr Gln Phe Arg Cys Lys Asn Asn Arg Cys Val Pro Gly Arg
3540 3545 3550
Trp Gln Cys Asp Tyr Asp Asn Asp Cys Gly Asp Asn Ser Asp Glu Glu
3555 3560 3565
Ser Cys Thr Pro Arg Pro Cys Ser Glu Ser Glu Phe Ser Cys Ala Asn
3570 3575 3580
Gly Arg Cys Ile Ala Gly Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Asp His Asp Cys
3585 3590 3595 3600
Ala Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Lys Asp Cys Thr Pro Arg Cys Asp Met Asp
3605 3610 3615
Gln Phe Gln Cys Lys Ser Gly His Cys Ile Pro Leu Arg Trp Arg Cys
3620 3625 3630
Asp Ala Asp Ala Asp Cys Met Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Glu Ala Cys Gly
3635 3640 3645
Thr Gly Val Arg Thr Cys Pro Leu Asp Glu Phe Gln Cys Asn Asn Thr
3650 3655 3660
Leu Cys Lys Pro Leu Ala Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Asp Asp Cys Gly
3665 3670 3675 3680
Asp Asn Ser Asp Glu Asn Pro Glu Glu Cys Ala Arg Phe Val Cys Pro
3685 3690 3695
Pro Asn Arg Pro Phe Arg Cys Lys Asn Asp Arg Val Cys Leu Trp Ile
3700 3705 3710
Gly Arg Gln Cys Asp Gly Thr Asp Asn Cys Gly Asp Gly Thr Asp Glu
3715 3720 3725
Glu Asp Cys Glu Pro Pro Thr Ala His Thr Thr His Cys Lys Asp Lys
3730 3735 3740
Lys Glu Phe Leu Cys Arg Asn Gln Arg Cys Leu Ser Ser Ser Leu Arg
3745 3750 3755 3760
Cys Asn Met Phe Asp Asp Cys Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Glu Asp Cys
3765 3770 3775
Ser Ile Asp Pro Lys Leu Thr Ser Cys Ala Thr Asn Ala Ser Ile Cys
3780 3785 3790
Gly Asp Glu Ala Arg Cys Val Arg Thr Glu Lys Ala Ala Tyr Cys Ala
3795 3800 3805
Cys Arg Ser Gly Phe His Thr Val Pro Gly Gln Pro Gly Cys Gln Asp
3810 3815 3820
Ile Asn Glu Cys Leu Arg Phe Gly Thr Cys Ser Gln Leu Cys Asn Asn
3825 3830 3835 3840
Thr Lys Gly Gly His Leu Cys Ser Cys Ala Arg Asn Phe Met Lys Thr
3845 3850 3855
His Asn Thr Cys Lys Ala Glu Gly Ser Glu Tyr Gln Val Leu Tyr Ile
3860 3865 3870
Ala Asp Asp Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Leu Phe Pro Gly His Pro His Ser
3875 3880 3885
Ala Tyr Glu Gln Ala Phe Gln Gly Asp Glu Ser Val Arg Ile Asp Ala
3890 3895 3900
Met Asp Val His Val Lys Ala Gly Arg Val Tyr Trp Thr Asn Trp His
3905 3910 3915 3920
Thr Gly Thr Ile Ser Tyr Arg Ser Leu Pro Pro Ala Ala Pro Pro Thr
3925 3930 3935
Thr Ser Asn Arg His Arg Arg Gln Ile Asp Arg Gly Val Thr His Leu
3940 3945 3950
Asn Ile Ser Gly Leu Lys Met Pro Arg Gly Ile Ala Ile Asp Trp Val
3955 3960 3965
Ala Gly Asn Val Tyr Trp Thr Asp Ser Gly Arg Asp Val Ile Glu Val
3970 3975 3980
Ala Gln Met Lys Gly Glu Asn Arg Lys Thr Leu Ile Ser Gly Met Ile
3985 3990 3995 4000
Asp Glu Pro His Ala Ile Val Val Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Thr Met Tyr
4005 4010 4015
Trp Ser Asp Trp Gly Asn His Pro Lys Ile Glu Thr Ala Ala Met Asp
4020 4025 4030
Gly Thr Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Val Gln Asp Asn Ile Gln Trp Pro Thr
4035 4040 4045
Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Tyr His Asn Glu Arg Leu Tyr Trp Ala Asp Ala
4050 4055 4060
Lys Leu Ser Val Ile Gly Ser Ile Arg Leu Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Ile
4065 4070 4075 4080
Val Ala Ala Asp Ser Lys Arg Gly Leu Ser His Pro Phe Ser Ile Asp
4085 4090 4095
Val Phe Glu Asp Tyr Ile Tyr Gly Val Thr Tyr Ile Asn Asn Arg Val
4100 4105 4110
Phe Lys Ile His Lys Phe Gly His Ser Pro Leu Val Asn Leu Thr Gly
4115 4120 4125
Gly Leu Ser His Ala Ser Asp Val Val Leu Tyr His Gln His Lys Gln
4130 4135 4140
Pro Glu Val Thr Asn Pro Cys Asp Arg Lys Lys Cys Glu Trp Leu Cys
4145 4150 4155 4160
Leu Leu Ser Pro Ser Gly Pro Val Cys Thr Cys Pro Asn Gly Lys Arg
4165 4170 4175
Leu Asp Asn Gly Thr Cys Val Pro Val Pro Ser Pro Thr Pro Pro Pro
4180 4185 4190
Asp Ala Pro Arg Pro Gly Thr Cys Asn Leu Gln Cys Phe Asn Gly Gly
4195 4200 4205
Ser Cys Phe Leu Asn Ala Arg Arg Gln Pro Lys Cys Arg Cys Gln Pro
4210 4215 4220
Arg Tyr Thr Gly Asp Lys Cys Glu Leu Asp Gln Cys Trp Glu His Cys
4225 4230 4235 4240
Arg Asn Gly Gly Thr Cys Ala Ala Ser Pro Ser Gly Met Pro Thr Cys
4245 4250 4255
Arg Cys Pro Thr Gly Phe Thr Gly Pro Lys Cys Thr Gln Gln Val Cys
4260 4265 4270
Ala Gly Tyr Cys Ala Asn Asn Ser Thr Cys Thr Val Asn Gln Gly Asn
4275 4280 4285
Gln Pro Gln Cys Arg Cys Leu Pro Gly Phe Leu Gly Asp Arg Cys Gln
4290 4295 4300
Tyr Arg Gln Cys Ser Gly Tyr Cys Glu Asn Phe Gly Thr Cys Gln Met
4305 4310 4315 4320
Ala Ala Asp Gly Ser Arg Gln Cys Arg Cys Thr Ala Tyr Phe Glu Gly
4325 4330 4335
Ser Arg Cys Glu Val Asn Lys Cys Ser Arg Cys Leu Glu Gly Ala Cys
4340 4345 4350
Val Val Asn Lys Gln Ser Gly Asp Val Thr Cys Asn Cys Thr Asp Gly
4355 4360 4365
Arg Val Ala Pro Ser Cys Leu Thr Cys Val Gly His Cys Ser Asn Gly
4370 4375 4380
Gly Ser Cys Thr Met Asn Ser Lys Met Met Pro Glu Cys Gln Cys Pro
4385 4390 4395 4400
Pro His Met Thr Gly Pro Arg Cys Glu Glu His Val Phe Ser Gln Gln
4405 4410 4415
Gln Pro Gly His Ile Ala Ser Ile Leu Ile Pro Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu
4420 4425 4430
Leu Leu Val Leu Val Ala Gly Val Val Phe Trp Tyr Lys Arg Arg Val
4435 4440 4445
Gln Gly Ala Lys Gly Phe Gln His Gln Arg Met Thr Asn Gly Ala Met
4450 4455 4460
Asn Val Glu Ile Gly Asn Pro Thr Tyr Lys Met Tyr Glu Gly Gly Glu
4465 4470 4475 4480
Pro Asp Asp Val Gly Gly Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp Phe Ala Leu Asp Pro
4485 4490 4495
Asp Lys Pro Thr Asn Phe Thr Asn Pro Val Tyr Ala Thr Leu Tyr Met
4500 4505 4510
Gly Gly His Gly Ser Arg His Ser Leu Ala Ser Thr Asp Glu Lys Arg
4515 4520 4525
Glu Leu Leu Gly Arg Gly Pro Glu Asp Glu Ile Gly Asp Pro Leu Ala
4530 4535 4540
<210> 11
<211> 7783
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 11
gcuggcggcg gccgcccagg gccggggccg cgcgcccagc cugagcccgc cccgccgccg 60
agcgucaccg aaccugcuug aaaugcagcc gaggagccgg ggcgggcggc agcggcggcg 120
gcggcggcgg cgggggcagc ggcaaccccg gcgccgcggc aaggacucgg agggcugaga 180
cgcggcggcg gcggcgcggg gagcgcgggg cgcggcggcc ggagccccgg gcccgccaug 240
ggccuccccg agccgggccc ucuccggcuu cuggcgcugc ugcugcugcu gcugcugcug 300
cugcugcugc agcuccagca ucuugcggcg gcagcggcug auccgcugcu cggcggccaa 360
gggccggcca aggauugcga aaaggaccaa uuccagugcc ggaacgagcg cugcaucccc 420
ucugugugga gaugcgacga ggacgaugac ugcuuagacc acagcgacga ggacgacugc 480
cccaagaaga ccugugcaga cagugacuuc accugugaca acggccacug cauccacgaa 540
cgguggaagu gugacggcga ggaggagugu ccugauggcu ccgaugaguc cgaggccacu 600
ugcaccaagc aggugugucc ugcagagaag cugagcugug gacccaccag ccacaagugu 660
guaccugccu cguggcgcug cgacggggag aaggacugcg aggguggagc ggaugaggcc 720
ggcugugcua ccuugugcgc cccgcacgag uuccagugcg gcaaccgcuc gugccuggcc 780
gccguguucg ugugcgacgg cgacgacgac uguggugacg gcagcgauga gcgcggcugu 840
gcagacccgg ccugcgggcc ccgcgaguuc cgcugcggcg gcgauggcgg cggcgccugc 900
aucccggagc gcugggucug cgaccgccag uuugacugcg aggaccgcuc ggacgaggca 960
gccgagcucu gcggccgucc gggccccggg gccacguccg cgcccgccgc cugcgccacc 1020
gccucccagu ucgccugccg cagcggcgag ugcgugcacc ugggcuggcg cugcgacggc 1080
gaccgcgacu gcaaagacaa aucggacgag gccgacugcc cacugggcac cugccguggg 1140
gacgaguucc agugugggga ugggacaugu guccuugcaa ucaagcacug caaccaggag 1200
caggacuguc cagaugggag ugaugaagcu ggcugccuac aggggcugaa cgagugucug 1260
cacaacaaug gcggcugcuc acacaucugc acugaccuca agauuggcuu ugaaugcacg 1320
ugcccagcag gcuuccagcu ccuggaccag aagaccugug gcgacauuga ugagugcaag 1380
gacccagaug ccugcagcca gaucuguguc aauuacaagg gcuauuuuaa gugugagugc 1440
uacccuggcu acgagaugga ccuacugacc aagaacugca aggcugcugc uggcaagagc 1500
ccaucccuaa ucuucaccaa ccggcacgag gugcggagga ucgaccuggu gaagcggaac 1560
uauucacgcc ucauccccau gcucaagaau gucguggcac uagaugugga aguugccacc 1620
aaucgcaucu acugguguga ccucuccuac cguaagaucu auagcgccua cauggacaag 1680
gccagugacc cgaaagagca ggagguccuc auugacgagc aguugcacuc uccagagggc 1740
cuggcagugg acugggucca caagcacauc uacuggacug acucgggcaa uaagaccauc 1800
ucaguggcca caguugaugg uggccgccga cgcacucucu ucagccguaa ccucagugaa 1860
ccccgggcca ucgcuguuga cccccugcga ggguucaugu auuggucuga cuggggggac 1920
caggccaaga uugagaaauc ugggcucaac gguguggacc ggcaaacacu ggugucagac 1980
aauauugaau ggcccaacgg aaucacccug gaucugcuga gccagcgcuu guacugggua 2040
gacuccaagc uacaccaacu guccagcauu gacuucagug gaggcaacag aaagacgcug 2100
aucuccucca cugacuuccu gagccacccu uuugggauag cuguguuuga ggacaaggug 2160
uucuggacag accuggagaa cgaggccauu uucagugcaa aucggcucaa uggccuggaa 2220
aucuccaucc uggcugagaa ccucaacaac ccacaugaca uugucaucuu ccaugagcug 2280
aagcagccaa gagcuccaga ugccugugag cugagugucc agccuaaugg aggcugugaa 2340
uaccugugcc uuccugcucc ucagaucucc agccacucuc ccaaguacac augugccugu 2400
ccugacacaa uguggcuggg uccagacaug aagaggugcu accgagcacc ucaaucuacc 2460
ucaacuacga cguuagcuuc uaccaugacg aggacaguac cugccaccac aagagccccc 2520
gggaccaccg uccacagauc caccuaccag aaccacagca cagagacacc aagccugaca 2580
gcugcagucc caagcucagu uagugucccc agggcuccca gcaucagccc gucuacccua 2640
agcccugcaa ccagcaacca cucccagcac uaugcaaaug aagacaguaa gaugggcuca 2700
acagucacug ccgcuguuau cgggaucauc gugcccauag uggugauagc ccuccugugc 2760
augaguggau accugaucug gagaaacugg aagcggaaga acaccaaaag caugaauuuu 2820
gacaacccag ucuacaggaa aacaacagaa gaagaagacg aagaugagcu ccauauaggg 2880
agaacugcuc agauuggcca ugucuauccu gcagcaauca gcagcuuuga ucgcccacug 2940
ugggcagagc ccugucuugg ggagaccaga gaaccggaag acccagcccc ugcccucaag 3000
gagcuuuuug ucuugccggg ggaaccaagg ucacagcugc accaacuccc gaagaacccu 3060
cuuuccgagc ugccugucgu caaauccaag cgaguggcau uaagccuuga agaugaugga 3120
cuacccugag gaugggauca cccccuucgu gccucaugga auucaguccc augcacuaca 3180
cucuggaugg uguaugacug gaugaauggg uuucuauaua ugggucugug ugaguguaug 3240
ugugugugug auuuuuuuuu uaaauuuaug uugcggaaag guaaccacaa aguuaugaug 3300
aacugcaaac auccaaagga ugugagaguu uuucuaugua uaauguuuua uacacuuuuu 3360
aacugguugc acuacccaug aggaauucgu ggaauggcua cugcugacua acaugaugca 3420
cauaaccaaa ugggggccaa uggcacagua ccuuacucau cauuuaaaaa cuauauuuac 3480
agaagauguu ugguugcugg gggggcuuuu uuagguuuug gggcauuugu uuuuuguaaa 3540
uaagaugauu augcuuugug gcuauccauc aacauaagua aaaaaaaaaa aaaaacacuu 3600
caacucccuc ccccauuuag auuauuuauu aacauauuuu aaaaaucaga ugaguucuau 3660
aaauaauuua gagaagugag aguauuuauu uuuggcaugu uuggcccacc acacagacuc 3720
ugugugugua uguguguguu uauaugugua ugugugugac agaaaaaucu guagagaaga 3780
ggcacaucua uggcuacugu ucaaauacau aaagauaaau uuauuuucac acaguccaca 3840
agggguauau cuuguaguuu ucagaaaagc cuuuggaaau cuggaucaga aaauagauac 3900
caugguuugu gcaauuaugu aguaaaaaag gcaaaucuuu ucaccucugg cuauuccuga 3960
gaccccagga agucaggaaa agccuuucag cucacccaug gcugcuguga cuccuaccag 4020
ggcuuucuug gcuuuggcga aggucagugu acagacauuc caugguacca gagugcucag 4080
aaacucaaga uaggauaugc cucacccuca gcuacuccuu guuuuaaagu ucagcucuuu 4140
gaguaacuuc uucaauuucu uucaggacac uuggguugaa uucaguaagu uuccucugaa 4200
gcacccugaa gggugccauc cuuacagagc uaaguggaga cguuuccaga ucagcccaag 4260
uuuacuauag agacuggccc aggcacugaa ugucuaggac augcugugga ugaagauaaa 4320
gaugguggaa uagguuuuau cacaucucuu auuucucuuu uccccuuacu cucuaccauu 4380
uccuuuaugu ggggaaacau uuuaagguaa uaaauagguu acuuaccauc auauguucau 4440
auagaugaaa cuaauuuuug gcuuaaguca gaacaacugg ccaaaauuga agucauauuu 4500
gaggggggaa auggcauacg caauauuaua uuauauugga uauuuauguu cacacaggaa 4560
uuugguuuac ugcuuuguaa auaaaaggaa aaacuccggg uauauguaua gauguucuuc 4620
auuauagaca ucuucuuugc uuuucuuggc cuugggggag gaagggagaa gugcucuuuu 4680
cuacuugugg ggucucccau uggaaacaua auccuauagu cccagaagga uucagucccc 4740
aguggcuuuc ccauccaaag agaaagaguu ugaguuucuu aacucugcug uucugccacu 4800
uacucccacu agacaaccag ggacaaggug caacauggaa guguuugacu uaaguaggag 4860
cagaggagcu gcaucuaauc ucaucauacc uggaacuuga cacacuuaag caaaugccuu 4920
cccaucccua ccugccagau gcccccaacu caaugaaguu ggaugucuca ccagcuugau 4980
acccuuugaa uuuucaguca gacauucugg aguucuagca uccuguaccu aggaccuucc 5040
ucugugucac ucuuggccuc cuaaacucua agaaaauaac uauauucugg agcuugggca 5100
guguguuuug cauaauccag caaucuccuc augacaugca uguguugaua guccugaaac 5160
auucauugag aggguaaaug caguugaccu agaaugacca auaccaaaca gaauuuuaag 5220
aacagguggc caacuccuau ggagcuuacu cacauauuac uauucuuuua agaacggaaa 5280
guaaaauuau uuuugacuga agaaaaauga ugacagugaa aaacauggaa auguacucaa 5340
aacaagugac uuuuucugua accuuccaaa gaaacugaau uuuccaagga auuaaaugau 5400
aacaguggcu aaggcauagu uucuaaacuu ucaguaagau ccuggcauuc acagaaaaaa 5460
augaugaaug gggucuggac auacagccug agaucucaaa augacaauga aauucacaac 5520
uuuuucucag agacauucau guuuccugca uaugcuacaa cugcaguuug aaagaggcag 5580
caaugggagc aacccuuuac aagaaacaaa uugugauaua uucauguguu ggacggcagu 5640
aaauaagaug aaaccugagg agucagaucc accuuccccc auucauagag gcuuuucagc 5700
cucauuuuga gguacaguua cauaucuuuu gccuuuugcc cccgugcaua gcuaucuaca 5760
gccaaucaca gaucacagag ucacuggacu auagagcugg aaggaagcuc agagacaaug 5820
ccaagggggc agaaaauuua ucagaagcca gucccagugc guuuccucca uuuccuucug 5880
caggaagacu auuuugggcu gccugaacau uguaucaaac cugcuaccua uacuaugguc 5940
uaccuuuccu ccaguggaau uacaaaggca cuaacugaaa ugccuucuag aaacagagaa 6000
aacgaaacug uacuuauuua cucuugauac acagauuauu uauaaaacag auugaaguaa 6060
ccuguuaacu ggcaaaaaga gaaugagauc ggauuuaaau guauggcagu aaguccuauu 6120
gaucccucca guuaucucag uaugacugca guauauucau ucacuaaaac cacucacuag 6180
auaccaacua cacaccuggc acugcagaug uaaaggucag ucacacaugu ucugacuuua 6240
cagaguucac aguagcagug gaggaugaua uauguggaaa caaaaaaggc auugauucua 6300
uucagagcac uguuagggcu caaaggagag aggggucuuu ccaccuaaga aaugaggaau 6360
agggucauca uagaagugac cuuaagucuu aaaaauuaag aaggggauuc caagcugcuu 6420
cagacagaga cacaucgagc uaaaacacag agguaugaaa gagcacaggg acuuuaggaa 6480
uugcacaguu cauucuaaca ggaacaaaag gcucaagggg ggcaagaaau gaggcuguau 6540
ggaaagagau ucaauguaag cacuuuauaa aauagauuaa uuucugauuc aaugaagcau 6600
uucuugauca uuguguacaa ggcacuacau gcaucaugga aaauucauua ggaugcauug 6660
ccagcacuuu gcagaacuga uauuauucag ccucaagcuu uccaguggcc aaagggaaau 6720
gcugacugcu uuucauauau uugagucaaa gauuuuuuau auggucaaug aagacuaaua 6780
uaagggcagu gggauuuuca cagaugcaug ccauguuguc gagagccucu uagauuuucu 6840
caacugugag aaagaaaaac gaaaauguug aagacguuga gucuggagag gggauacuaa 6900
ucacugucca guugggcacu ggugggaaug gggaaauggc acaggaaugc aagccucucc 6960
acccuacccc ccgaacucca gccauacacu caucguuuca caaaauauaa augaguuagc 7020
auuaaauguu ucagaguaaa uaauuccuuu ucccgaaaug caugaagaua gaguaacaga 7080
cuucucacac uguauuuuua ggguauggag aauuuagaag guuaaagaau uacugcuuca 7140
auuuuucagu uaaaaaaaaa ucaggaagcu cuguucauuc aggcuaugca ccaugugcac 7200
agucaagaau uagcagaaac ccucugcauu uacaaacacu uugugcuaua aaaaaguaau 7260
uuuuaaaaag ccacgugugu guguguguau auauauauau auauauauau uuaaagccaa 7320
gguuuugaua cuuuuuuaca aaaacuacaa gagaaaacaa auauaccugu ccaaaccaua 7380
uacuuuuaaa agagcauuuu uuuuuccaua caagcuguug uuaauuuggg gguaaagugc 7440
ugauuugcaa acuucaucaa auuguuccca aguggauucu ccuuguuugu cucccccuac 7500
caaccccaaa guuaccauau uugauguaag aaucaggcau guuagaaugu ugugucacac 7560
uaacugauuc ugcucuuuuu gucuugucau ucaaguuccg uuagcuucug uacgcggugc 7620
ccuuugcagu cuggugucuc uuccagaggc gagggggcug aggauggggu gcugcaucuc 7680
acuagcuaua cuggcaucau cuugguaaac ugaaaaccaa auguggacau uuguaaaauc 7740
agugcacugu uucuagagag agauuaaauu cauuuaaaaa aaa 7783
<210> 12
<211> 963
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 12
Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Pro Gly Pro Leu Arg Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Gln Leu Gln His Leu Ala Ala Ala
20 25 30
Ala Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Gly Gly Gln Gly Pro Ala Lys Asp Cys Glu
35 40 45
Lys Asp Gln Phe Gln Cys Arg Asn Glu Arg Cys Ile Pro Ser Val Trp
50 55 60
Arg Cys Asp Glu Asp Asp Asp Cys Leu Asp His Ser Asp Glu Asp Asp
65 70 75 80
Cys Pro Lys Lys Thr Cys Ala Asp Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Asp Asn Gly
85 90 95
His Cys Ile His Glu Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Glu Glu Cys Pro
100 105 110
Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ser Glu Ala Thr Cys Thr Lys Gln Val Cys Pro
115 120 125
Ala Glu Lys Leu Ser Cys Gly Pro Thr Ser His Lys Cys Val Pro Ala
130 135 140
Ser Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Glu Lys Asp Cys Glu Gly Gly Ala Asp Glu
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Leu Cys Ala Pro His Glu Phe Gln Cys Gly Asn
165 170 175
Arg Ser Cys Leu Ala Ala Val Phe Val Cys Asp Gly Asp Asp Asp Cys
180 185 190
Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Arg Gly Cys Ala Asp Pro Ala Cys Gly Pro
195 200 205
Arg Glu Phe Arg Cys Gly Gly Asp Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys Ile Pro Glu
210 215 220
Arg Trp Val Cys Asp Arg Gln Phe Asp Cys Glu Asp Arg Ser Asp Glu
225 230 235 240
Ala Ala Glu Leu Cys Gly Arg Pro Gly Pro Gly Ala Thr Ser Ala Pro
245 250 255
Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Ala Ser Gln Phe Ala Cys Arg Ser Gly Glu Cys
260 265 270
Val His Leu Gly Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Asp Arg Asp Cys Lys Asp Lys
275 280 285
Ser Asp Glu Ala Asp Cys Pro Leu Gly Thr Cys Arg Gly Asp Glu Phe
290 295 300
Gln Cys Gly Asp Gly Thr Cys Val Leu Ala Ile Lys His Cys Asn Gln
305 310 315 320
Glu Gln Asp Cys Pro Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ala Gly Cys Leu Gln Gly
325 330 335
Leu Asn Glu Cys Leu His Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser His Ile Cys Thr
340 345 350
Asp Leu Lys Ile Gly Phe Glu Cys Thr Cys Pro Ala Gly Phe Gln Leu
355 360 365
Leu Asp Gln Lys Thr Cys Gly Asp Ile Asp Glu Cys Lys Asp Pro Asp
370 375 380
Ala Cys Ser Gln Ile Cys Val Asn Tyr Lys Gly Tyr Phe Lys Cys Glu
385 390 395 400
Cys Tyr Pro Gly Tyr Glu Met Asp Leu Leu Thr Lys Asn Cys Lys Ala
405 410 415
Ala Ala Gly Lys Ser Pro Ser Leu Ile Phe Thr Asn Arg His Glu Val
420 425 430
Arg Arg Ile Asp Leu Val Lys Arg Asn Tyr Ser Arg Leu Ile Pro Met
435 440 445
Leu Lys Asn Val Val Ala Leu Asp Val Glu Val Ala Thr Asn Arg Ile
450 455 460
Tyr Trp Cys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Arg Lys Ile Tyr Ser Ala Tyr Met Asp
465 470 475 480
Lys Ala Ser Asp Pro Lys Glu Gln Glu Val Leu Ile Asp Glu Gln Leu
485 490 495
His Ser Pro Glu Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp Val His Lys His Ile Tyr
500 505 510
Trp Thr Asp Ser Gly Asn Lys Thr Ile Ser Val Ala Thr Val Asp Gly
515 520 525
Gly Arg Arg Arg Thr Leu Phe Ser Arg Asn Leu Ser Glu Pro Arg Ala
530 535 540
Ile Ala Val Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Phe Met Tyr Trp Ser Asp Trp Gly
545 550 555 560
Asp Gln Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Ser Gly Leu Asn Gly Val Asp Arg Gln
565 570 575
Thr Leu Val Ser Asp Asn Ile Glu Trp Pro Asn Gly Ile Thr Leu Asp
580 585 590
Leu Leu Ser Gln Arg Leu Tyr Trp Val Asp Ser Lys Leu His Gln Leu
595 600 605
Ser Ser Ile Asp Phe Ser Gly Gly Asn Arg Lys Thr Leu Ile Ser Ser
610 615 620
Thr Asp Phe Leu Ser His Pro Phe Gly Ile Ala Val Phe Glu Asp Lys
625 630 635 640
Val Phe Trp Thr Asp Leu Glu Asn Glu Ala Ile Phe Ser Ala Asn Arg
645 650 655
Leu Asn Gly Leu Glu Ile Ser Ile Leu Ala Glu Asn Leu Asn Asn Pro
660 665 670
His Asp Ile Val Ile Phe His Glu Leu Lys Gln Pro Arg Ala Pro Asp
675 680 685
Ala Cys Glu Leu Ser Val Gln Pro Asn Gly Gly Cys Glu Tyr Leu Cys
690 695 700
Leu Pro Ala Pro Gln Ile Ser Ser His Ser Pro Lys Tyr Thr Cys Ala
705 710 715 720
Cys Pro Asp Thr Met Trp Leu Gly Pro Asp Met Lys Arg Cys Tyr Arg
725 730 735
Ala Pro Gln Ser Thr Ser Thr Thr Thr Leu Ala Ser Thr Met Thr Arg
740 745 750
Thr Val Pro Ala Thr Thr Arg Ala Pro Gly Thr Thr Val His Arg Ser
755 760 765
Thr Tyr Gln Asn His Ser Thr Glu Thr Pro Ser Leu Thr Ala Ala Val
770 775 780
Pro Ser Ser Val Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Pro Ser Ile Ser Pro Ser Thr
785 790 795 800
Leu Ser Pro Ala Thr Ser Asn His Ser Gln His Tyr Ala Asn Glu Asp
805 810 815
Ser Lys Met Gly Ser Thr Val Thr Ala Ala Val Ile Gly Ile Ile Val
820 825 830
Pro Ile Val Val Ile Ala Leu Leu Cys Met Ser Gly Tyr Leu Ile Trp
835 840 845
Arg Asn Trp Lys Arg Lys Asn Thr Lys Ser Met Asn Phe Asp Asn Pro
850 855 860
Val Tyr Arg Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Glu Asp Glu Asp Glu Leu His Ile
865 870 875 880
Gly Arg Thr Ala Gln Ile Gly His Val Tyr Pro Ala Ala Ile Ser Ser
885 890 895
Phe Asp Arg Pro Leu Trp Ala Glu Pro Cys Leu Gly Glu Thr Arg Glu
900 905 910
Pro Glu Asp Pro Ala Pro Ala Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Val Leu Pro Gly
915 920 925
Glu Pro Arg Ser Gln Leu His Gln Leu Pro Lys Asn Pro Leu Ser Glu
930 935 940
Leu Pro Val Val Lys Ser Lys Arg Val Ala Leu Ser Leu Glu Asp Asp
945 950 955 960
Gly Leu Pro
<210> 13
<211> 7273
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 13
gcuggcggcg gccgcccagg gccggggccg cgcgcccagc cugagcccgc cccgccgccg 60
agcgucaccg aaccugcuug aaaugcagcc gaggagccgg ggcgggcggc agcggcggcg 120
gcggcggcgg cgggggcagc ggcaaccccg gcgccgcggc aaggacucgg agggcugaga 180
cgcggcggcg gcggcgcggg gagcgcgggg cgcggcggcc ggagccccgg gcccgccaug 240
ggccuccccg agccgggccc ucuccggcuu cuggcgcugc ugcugcugcu gcugcugcug 300
cugcugcugc agcuccagca ucuugcggcg gcagcggcug auccgcugcu cggcggccaa 360
gggccggcca aggauugcga aaaggaccaa uuccagugcc ggaacgagcg cugcaucccc 420
ucugugugga gaugcgacga ggacgaugac ugcuuagacc acagcgacga ggacgacugc 480
cccaagaaga ccugugcaga cagugacuuc accugugaca acggccacug cauccacgaa 540
cgguggaagu gugacggcga ggaggagugu ccugauggcu ccgaugaguc cgaggccacu 600
ugcaccaagc aggugugucc ugcagagaag cugagcugug gacccaccag ccacaagugu 660
guaccugccu cguggcgcug cgacggggag aaggacugcg aggguggagc ggaugaggcc 720
ggcugugcua ccuggcugaa cgagugucug cacaacaaug gcggcugcuc acacaucugc 780
acugaccuca agauuggcuu ugaaugcacg ugcccagcag gcuuccagcu ccuggaccag 840
aagaccugug gcgacauuga ugagugcaag gacccagaug ccugcagcca gaucuguguc 900
aauuacaagg gcuauuuuaa gugugagugc uacccuggcu acgagaugga ccuacugacc 960
aagaacugca aggcugcugc uggcaagagc ccaucccuaa ucuucaccaa ccggcacgag 1020
gugcggagga ucgaccuggu gaagcggaac uauucacgcc ucauccccau gcucaagaau 1080
gucguggcac uagaugugga aguugccacc aaucgcaucu acugguguga ccucuccuac 1140
cguaagaucu auagcgccua cauggacaag gccagugacc cgaaagagca ggagguccuc 1200
auugacgagc aguugcacuc uccagagggc cuggcagugg acugggucca caagcacauc 1260
uacuggacug acucgggcaa uaagaccauc ucaguggcca caguugaugg uggccgccga 1320
cgcacucucu ucagccguaa ccucagugaa ccccgggcca ucgcuguuga cccccugcga 1380
ggguucaugu auuggucuga cuggggggac caggccaaga uugagaaauc ugggcucaac 1440
gguguggacc ggcaaacacu ggugucagac aauauugaau ggcccaacgg aaucacccug 1500
gaucugcuga gccagcgcuu guacugggua gacuccaagc uacaccaacu guccagcauu 1560
gacuucagug gaggcaacag aaagacgcug aucuccucca cugacuuccu gagccacccu 1620
uuugggauag cuguguuuga ggacaaggug uucuggacag accuggagaa cgaggccauu 1680
uucagugcaa aucggcucaa uggccuggaa aucuccaucc uggcugagaa ccucaacaac 1740
ccacaugaca uugucaucuu ccaugagcug aagcagccaa gagcuccaga ugccugugag 1800
cugagugucc agccuaaugg aggcugugaa uaccugugcc uuccugcucc ucagaucucc 1860
agccacucuc ccaaguacac augugccugu ccugacacaa uguggcuggg uccagacaug 1920
aagaggugcu accgagcacc ucaaucuacc ucaacuacga cguuagcuuc uaccaugacg 1980
aggacaguac cugccaccac aagagccccc gggaccaccg uccacagauc caccuaccag 2040
aaccacagca cagagacacc aagccugaca gcugcagucc caagcucagu uagugucccc 2100
agggcuccca gcaucagccc gucuacccua agcccugcaa ccagcaacca cucccagcac 2160
uaugcaaaug aagacaguaa gaugggcuca acagucacug ccgcuguuau cgggaucauc 2220
gugcccauag uggugauagc ccuccugugc augaguggau accugaucug gagaaacugg 2280
aagcggaaga acaccaaaag caugaauuuu gacaacccag ucuacaggaa aacaacagaa 2340
gaagaagacg aagaugagcu ccauauaggg agaacugcuc agauuggcca ugucuauccu 2400
gcagcaauca gcagcuuuga ucgcccacug ugggcagagc ccugucuugg ggagaccaga 2460
gaaccggaag acccagcccc ugcccucaag gagcuuuuug ucuugccggg ggaaccaagg 2520
ucacagcugc accaacuccc gaagaacccu cuuuccgagc ugccugucgu caaauccaag 2580
cgaguggcau uaagccuuga agaugaugga cuacccugag gaugggauca cccccuucgu 2640
gccucaugga auucaguccc augcacuaca cucuggaugg uguaugacug gaugaauggg 2700
uuucuauaua ugggucugug ugaguguaug ugugugugug auuuuuuuuu uaaauuuaug 2760
uugcggaaag guaaccacaa aguuaugaug aacugcaaac auccaaagga ugugagaguu 2820
uuucuaugua uaauguuuua uacacuuuuu aacugguugc acuacccaug aggaauucgu 2880
ggaauggcua cugcugacua acaugaugca cauaaccaaa ugggggccaa uggcacagua 2940
ccuuacucau cauuuaaaaa cuauauuuac agaagauguu ugguugcugg gggggcuuuu 3000
uuagguuuug gggcauuugu uuuuuguaaa uaagaugauu augcuuugug gcuauccauc 3060
aacauaagua aaaaaaaaaa aaaaacacuu caacucccuc ccccauuuag auuauuuauu 3120
aacauauuuu aaaaaucaga ugaguucuau aaauaauuua gagaagugag aguauuuauu 3180
uuuggcaugu uuggcccacc acacagacuc ugugugugua uguguguguu uauaugugua 3240
ugugugugac agaaaaaucu guagagaaga ggcacaucua uggcuacugu ucaaauacau 3300
aaagauaaau uuauuuucac acaguccaca agggguauau cuuguaguuu ucagaaaagc 3360
cuuuggaaau cuggaucaga aaauagauac caugguuugu gcaauuaugu aguaaaaaag 3420
gcaaaucuuu ucaccucugg cuauuccuga gaccccagga agucaggaaa agccuuucag 3480
cucacccaug gcugcuguga cuccuaccag ggcuuucuug gcuuuggcga aggucagugu 3540
acagacauuc caugguacca gagugcucag aaacucaaga uaggauaugc cucacccuca 3600
gcuacuccuu guuuuaaagu ucagcucuuu gaguaacuuc uucaauuucu uucaggacac 3660
uuggguugaa uucaguaagu uuccucugaa gcacccugaa gggugccauc cuuacagagc 3720
uaaguggaga cguuuccaga ucagcccaag uuuacuauag agacuggccc aggcacugaa 3780
ugucuaggac augcugugga ugaagauaaa gaugguggaa uagguuuuau cacaucucuu 3840
auuucucuuu uccccuuacu cucuaccauu uccuuuaugu ggggaaacau uuuaagguaa 3900
uaaauagguu acuuaccauc auauguucau auagaugaaa cuaauuuuug gcuuaaguca 3960
gaacaacugg ccaaaauuga agucauauuu gaggggggaa auggcauacg caauauuaua 4020
uuauauugga uauuuauguu cacacaggaa uuugguuuac ugcuuuguaa auaaaaggaa 4080
aaacuccggg uauauguaua gauguucuuc auuauagaca ucuucuuugc uuuucuuggc 4140
cuugggggag gaagggagaa gugcucuuuu cuacuugugg ggucucccau uggaaacaua 4200
auccuauagu cccagaagga uucagucccc aguggcuuuc ccauccaaag agaaagaguu 4260
ugaguuucuu aacucugcug uucugccacu uacucccacu agacaaccag ggacaaggug 4320
caacauggaa guguuugacu uaaguaggag cagaggagcu gcaucuaauc ucaucauacc 4380
uggaacuuga cacacuuaag caaaugccuu cccaucccua ccugccagau gcccccaacu 4440
caaugaaguu ggaugucuca ccagcuugau acccuuugaa uuuucaguca gacauucugg 4500
aguucuagca uccuguaccu aggaccuucc ucugugucac ucuuggccuc cuaaacucua 4560
agaaaauaac uauauucugg agcuugggca guguguuuug cauaauccag caaucuccuc 4620
augacaugca uguguugaua guccugaaac auucauugag aggguaaaug caguugaccu 4680
agaaugacca auaccaaaca gaauuuuaag aacagguggc caacuccuau ggagcuuacu 4740
cacauauuac uauucuuuua agaacggaaa guaaaauuau uuuugacuga agaaaaauga 4800
ugacagugaa aaacauggaa auguacucaa aacaagugac uuuuucugua accuuccaaa 4860
gaaacugaau uuuccaagga auuaaaugau aacaguggcu aaggcauagu uucuaaacuu 4920
ucaguaagau ccuggcauuc acagaaaaaa augaugaaug gggucuggac auacagccug 4980
agaucucaaa augacaauga aauucacaac uuuuucucag agacauucau guuuccugca 5040
uaugcuacaa cugcaguuug aaagaggcag caaugggagc aacccuuuac aagaaacaaa 5100
uugugauaua uucauguguu ggacggcagu aaauaagaug aaaccugagg agucagaucc 5160
accuuccccc auucauagag gcuuuucagc cucauuuuga gguacaguua cauaucuuuu 5220
gccuuuugcc cccgugcaua gcuaucuaca gccaaucaca gaucacagag ucacuggacu 5280
auagagcugg aaggaagcuc agagacaaug ccaagggggc agaaaauuua ucagaagcca 5340
gucccagugc guuuccucca uuuccuucug caggaagacu auuuugggcu gccugaacau 5400
uguaucaaac cugcuaccua uacuaugguc uaccuuuccu ccaguggaau uacaaaggca 5460
cuaacugaaa ugccuucuag aaacagagaa aacgaaacug uacuuauuua cucuugauac 5520
acagauuauu uauaaaacag auugaaguaa ccuguuaacu ggcaaaaaga gaaugagauc 5580
ggauuuaaau guauggcagu aaguccuauu gaucccucca guuaucucag uaugacugca 5640
guauauucau ucacuaaaac cacucacuag auaccaacua cacaccuggc acugcagaug 5700
uaaaggucag ucacacaugu ucugacuuua cagaguucac aguagcagug gaggaugaua 5760
uauguggaaa caaaaaaggc auugauucua uucagagcac uguuagggcu caaaggagag 5820
aggggucuuu ccaccuaaga aaugaggaau agggucauca uagaagugac cuuaagucuu 5880
aaaaauuaag aaggggauuc caagcugcuu cagacagaga cacaucgagc uaaaacacag 5940
agguaugaaa gagcacaggg acuuuaggaa uugcacaguu cauucuaaca ggaacaaaag 6000
gcucaagggg ggcaagaaau gaggcuguau ggaaagagau ucaauguaag cacuuuauaa 6060
aauagauuaa uuucugauuc aaugaagcau uucuugauca uuguguacaa ggcacuacau 6120
gcaucaugga aaauucauua ggaugcauug ccagcacuuu gcagaacuga uauuauucag 6180
ccucaagcuu uccaguggcc aaagggaaau gcugacugcu uuucauauau uugagucaaa 6240
gauuuuuuau auggucaaug aagacuaaua uaagggcagu gggauuuuca cagaugcaug 6300
ccauguuguc gagagccucu uagauuuucu caacugugag aaagaaaaac gaaaauguug 6360
aagacguuga gucuggagag gggauacuaa ucacugucca guugggcacu ggugggaaug 6420
gggaaauggc acaggaaugc aagccucucc acccuacccc ccgaacucca gccauacacu 6480
caucguuuca caaaauauaa augaguuagc auuaaauguu ucagaguaaa uaauuccuuu 6540
ucccgaaaug caugaagaua gaguaacaga cuucucacac uguauuuuua ggguauggag 6600
aauuuagaag guuaaagaau uacugcuuca auuuuucagu uaaaaaaaaa ucaggaagcu 6660
cuguucauuc aggcuaugca ccaugugcac agucaagaau uagcagaaac ccucugcauu 6720
uacaaacacu uugugcuaua aaaaaguaau uuuuaaaaag ccacgugugu guguguguau 6780
auauauauau auauauauau uuaaagccaa gguuuugaua cuuuuuuaca aaaacuacaa 6840
gagaaaacaa auauaccugu ccaaaccaua uacuuuuaaa agagcauuuu uuuuuccaua 6900
caagcuguug uuaauuuggg gguaaagugc ugauuugcaa acuucaucaa auuguuccca 6960
aguggauucu ccuuguuugu cucccccuac caaccccaaa guuaccauau uugauguaag 7020
aaucaggcau guuagaaugu ugugucacac uaacugauuc ugcucuuuuu gucuugucau 7080
ucaaguuccg uuagcuucug uacgcggugc ccuuugcagu cuggugucuc uuccagaggc 7140
gagggggcug aggauggggu gcugcaucuc acuagcuaua cuggcaucau cuugguaaac 7200
ugaaaaccaa auguggacau uuguaaaauc agugcacugu uucuagagag agauuaaauu 7260
cauuuaaaaa aaa 7273
<210> 14
<211> 793
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 14
Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Pro Gly Pro Leu Arg Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Gln Leu Gln His Leu Ala Ala Ala
20 25 30
Ala Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Gly Gly Gln Gly Pro Ala Lys Asp Cys Glu
35 40 45
Lys Asp Gln Phe Gln Cys Arg Asn Glu Arg Cys Ile Pro Ser Val Trp
50 55 60
Arg Cys Asp Glu Asp Asp Asp Cys Leu Asp His Ser Asp Glu Asp Asp
65 70 75 80
Cys Pro Lys Lys Thr Cys Ala Asp Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Asp Asn Gly
85 90 95
His Cys Ile His Glu Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Glu Glu Cys Pro
100 105 110
Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ser Glu Ala Thr Cys Thr Lys Gln Val Cys Pro
115 120 125
Ala Glu Lys Leu Ser Cys Gly Pro Thr Ser His Lys Cys Val Pro Ala
130 135 140
Ser Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Glu Lys Asp Cys Glu Gly Gly Ala Asp Glu
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Trp Leu Asn Glu Cys Leu His Asn Asn Gly Gly
165 170 175
Cys Ser His Ile Cys Thr Asp Leu Lys Ile Gly Phe Glu Cys Thr Cys
180 185 190
Pro Ala Gly Phe Gln Leu Leu Asp Gln Lys Thr Cys Gly Asp Ile Asp
195 200 205
Glu Cys Lys Asp Pro Asp Ala Cys Ser Gln Ile Cys Val Asn Tyr Lys
210 215 220
Gly Tyr Phe Lys Cys Glu Cys Tyr Pro Gly Tyr Glu Met Asp Leu Leu
225 230 235 240
Thr Lys Asn Cys Lys Ala Ala Ala Gly Lys Ser Pro Ser Leu Ile Phe
245 250 255
Thr Asn Arg His Glu Val Arg Arg Ile Asp Leu Val Lys Arg Asn Tyr
260 265 270
Ser Arg Leu Ile Pro Met Leu Lys Asn Val Val Ala Leu Asp Val Glu
275 280 285
Val Ala Thr Asn Arg Ile Tyr Trp Cys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Arg Lys Ile
290 295 300
Tyr Ser Ala Tyr Met Asp Lys Ala Ser Asp Pro Lys Glu Gln Glu Val
305 310 315 320
Leu Ile Asp Glu Gln Leu His Ser Pro Glu Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp
325 330 335
Val His Lys His Ile Tyr Trp Thr Asp Ser Gly Asn Lys Thr Ile Ser
340 345 350
Val Ala Thr Val Asp Gly Gly Arg Arg Arg Thr Leu Phe Ser Arg Asn
355 360 365
Leu Ser Glu Pro Arg Ala Ile Ala Val Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Phe Met
370 375 380
Tyr Trp Ser Asp Trp Gly Asp Gln Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Ser Gly Leu
385 390 395 400
Asn Gly Val Asp Arg Gln Thr Leu Val Ser Asp Asn Ile Glu Trp Pro
405 410 415
Asn Gly Ile Thr Leu Asp Leu Leu Ser Gln Arg Leu Tyr Trp Val Asp
420 425 430
Ser Lys Leu His Gln Leu Ser Ser Ile Asp Phe Ser Gly Gly Asn Arg
435 440 445
Lys Thr Leu Ile Ser Ser Thr Asp Phe Leu Ser His Pro Phe Gly Ile
450 455 460
Ala Val Phe Glu Asp Lys Val Phe Trp Thr Asp Leu Glu Asn Glu Ala
465 470 475 480
Ile Phe Ser Ala Asn Arg Leu Asn Gly Leu Glu Ile Ser Ile Leu Ala
485 490 495
Glu Asn Leu Asn Asn Pro His Asp Ile Val Ile Phe His Glu Leu Lys
500 505 510
Gln Pro Arg Ala Pro Asp Ala Cys Glu Leu Ser Val Gln Pro Asn Gly
515 520 525
Gly Cys Glu Tyr Leu Cys Leu Pro Ala Pro Gln Ile Ser Ser His Ser
530 535 540
Pro Lys Tyr Thr Cys Ala Cys Pro Asp Thr Met Trp Leu Gly Pro Asp
545 550 555 560
Met Lys Arg Cys Tyr Arg Ala Pro Gln Ser Thr Ser Thr Thr Thr Leu
565 570 575
Ala Ser Thr Met Thr Arg Thr Val Pro Ala Thr Thr Arg Ala Pro Gly
580 585 590
Thr Thr Val His Arg Ser Thr Tyr Gln Asn His Ser Thr Glu Thr Pro
595 600 605
Ser Leu Thr Ala Ala Val Pro Ser Ser Val Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Pro
610 615 620
Ser Ile Ser Pro Ser Thr Leu Ser Pro Ala Thr Ser Asn His Ser Gln
625 630 635 640
His Tyr Ala Asn Glu Asp Ser Lys Met Gly Ser Thr Val Thr Ala Ala
645 650 655
Val Ile Gly Ile Ile Val Pro Ile Val Val Ile Ala Leu Leu Cys Met
660 665 670
Ser Gly Tyr Leu Ile Trp Arg Asn Trp Lys Arg Lys Asn Thr Lys Ser
675 680 685
Met Asn Phe Asp Asn Pro Val Tyr Arg Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Glu Asp
690 695 700
Glu Asp Glu Leu His Ile Gly Arg Thr Ala Gln Ile Gly His Val Tyr
705 710 715 720
Pro Ala Ala Ile Ser Ser Phe Asp Arg Pro Leu Trp Ala Glu Pro Cys
725 730 735
Leu Gly Glu Thr Arg Glu Pro Glu Asp Pro Ala Pro Ala Leu Lys Glu
740 745 750
Leu Phe Val Leu Pro Gly Glu Pro Arg Ser Gln Leu His Gln Leu Pro
755 760 765
Lys Asn Pro Leu Ser Glu Leu Pro Val Val Lys Ser Lys Arg Val Ala
770 775 780
Leu Ser Leu Glu Asp Asp Gly Leu Pro
785 790
<210> 15
<211> 6994
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 15
gcuggcggcg gccgcccagg gccggggccg cgcgcccagc cugagcccgc cccgccgccg 60
agcgucaccg aaccugcuug aaaugcagcc gaggagccgg ggcgggcggc agcggcggcg 120
gcggcggcgg cgggggcagc ggcaaccccg gcgccgcggc aaggacucgg agggcugaga 180
cgcggcggcg gcggcgcggg gagcgcgggg cgcggcggcc ggagccccgg gcccgccaug 240
ggccuccccg agccgggccc ucuccggcuu cuggcgcugc ugcugcugcu gcugcugcug 300
cugcugcugc agcuccagca ucuugcggcg gcagcggcug auccgcugcu cggcggccaa 360
gggccggcca aggauugcga aaaggaccaa uuccagugcc ggaacgagcg cugcaucccc 420
ucugugugga gaugcgacga ggacgaugac ugcuuagacc acagcgacga ggacgacugc 480
cccaagaaga ccugugcaga cagugacuuc accugugaca acggccacug cauccacgaa 540
cgguggaagu gugacggcga ggaggagugu ccugauggcu ccgaugaguc cgaggccacu 600
ugcaccaagc aggugugucc ugcagagaag cugagcugug gacccaccag ccacaagugu 660
guaccugccu cguggcgcug cgacggggag aaggacugcg aggguggagc ggaugaggcc 720
ggcugugcua ccucacuggg caccugccgu ggggacgagu uccagugugg ggaugggaca 780
uguguccuug caaucaagca cugcaaccag gagcaggacu guccagaugg gagugaugaa 840
gcuggcugcc uacaggggcu gaacgagugu cugcacaaca auggcggcug cucacacauc 900
ugcacugacc ucaagauugg cuuugaaugc acgugcccag caggcuucca gcuccuggac 960
cagaagaccu guggcgacau ugaugagugc aaggacccag augccugcag ccagaucugu 1020
gucaauuaca agggcuauuu uaagugugag ugcuacccug gcuacgagau ggaccuacug 1080
accaagaacu gcaaggcugc ugcuggcaag agcccauccc uaaucuucac caaccggcac 1140
gaggugcgga ggaucgaccu ggugaagcgg aacuauucac gccucauccc caugcucaag 1200
aaugucgugg cacuagaugu ggaaguugcc accaaucgca ucuacuggug ugaccucucc 1260
uaccguaaga ucuauagcgc cuacauggac aaggccagug acccgaaaga gcaggagguc 1320
cucauugacg agcaguugca cucuccagag ggccuggcag uggacugggu ccacaagcac 1380
aucuacugga cugacucggg caauaagacc aucucagugg ccacaguuga ugguggccgc 1440
cgacgcacuc ucuucagccg uaaccucagu gaaccccggg ccaucgcugu ugacccccug 1500
cgaggguuca uguauugguc ugacuggggg gaccaggcca agauugagaa aucugggcuc 1560
aacggugugg accggcaaac acugguguca gacaauauug aauggcccaa cggaaucacc 1620
cuggaucugc ugagccagcg cuuguacugg guagacucca agcuacacca acuguccagc 1680
auugacuuca guggaggcaa cagaaagacg cugaucuccu ccacugacuu ccugagccac 1740
ccuuuuggga uagcuguguu ugaggacaag guguucugga cagaccugga gaacgaggcc 1800
auuuucagug caaaucggcu caauggccug gaaaucucca uccuggcuga gaaccucaac 1860
aacccacaug acauugucau cuuccaugag cugaagcagc caagagcucc agaugccugu 1920
gagcugagug uccagccuaa uggaggcugu gaauaccugu gccuuccugc uccucagauc 1980
uccagccacu cucccaagua cacaugugcc uguccugaca caauguggcu ggguccagac 2040
augaagaggu gcuaccgaga ugcaaaugaa gacaguaaga ugggcucaac agucacugcc 2100
gcuguuaucg ggaucaucgu gcccauagug gugauagccc uccugugcau gaguggauac 2160
cugaucugga gaaacuggaa gcggaagaac accaaaagca ugaauuuuga caacccaguc 2220
uacaggaaaa caacagaaga agaagacgaa gaugagcucc auauagggag aacugcucag 2280
auuggccaug ucuauccugc acgaguggca uuaagccuug aagaugaugg acuacccuga 2340
ggaugggauc acccccuucg ugccucaugg aauucagucc caugcacuac acucuggaug 2400
guguaugacu ggaugaaugg guuucuauau augggucugu gugaguguau gugugugugu 2460
gauuuuuuuu uuaaauuuau guugcggaaa gguaaccaca aaguuaugau gaacugcaaa 2520
cauccaaagg augugagagu uuuucuaugu auaauguuuu auacacuuuu uaacugguug 2580
cacuacccau gaggaauucg uggaauggcu acugcugacu aacaugaugc acauaaccaa 2640
augggggcca auggcacagu accuuacuca ucauuuaaaa acuauauuua cagaagaugu 2700
uugguugcug ggggggcuuu uuuagguuuu ggggcauuug uuuuuuguaa auaagaugau 2760
uaugcuuugu ggcuauccau caacauaagu aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaacacu ucaacucccu 2820
cccccauuua gauuauuuau uaacauauuu uaaaaaucag augaguucua uaaauaauuu 2880
agagaaguga gaguauuuau uuuuggcaug uuuggcccac cacacagacu cugugugugu 2940
augugugugu uuauaugugu auguguguga cagaaaaauc uguagagaag aggcacaucu 3000
auggcuacug uucaaauaca uaaagauaaa uuuauuuuca cacaguccac aagggguaua 3060
ucuuguaguu uucagaaaag ccuuuggaaa ucuggaucag aaaauagaua ccaugguuug 3120
ugcaauuaug uaguaaaaaa ggcaaaucuu uucaccucug gcuauuccug agaccccagg 3180
aagucaggaa aagccuuuca gcucacccau ggcugcugug acuccuacca gggcuuucuu 3240
ggcuuuggcg aaggucagug uacagacauu ccaugguacc agagugcuca gaaacucaag 3300
auaggauaug ccucacccuc agcuacuccu uguuuuaaag uucagcucuu ugaguaacuu 3360
cuucaauuuc uuucaggaca cuuggguuga auucaguaag uuuccucuga agcacccuga 3420
agggugccau ccuuacagag cuaaguggag acguuuccag aucagcccaa guuuacuaua 3480
gagacuggcc caggcacuga augucuagga caugcugugg augaagauaa agauggugga 3540
auagguuuua ucacaucucu uauuucucuu uuccccuuac ucucuaccau uuccuuuaug 3600
uggggaaaca uuuuaaggua auaaauaggu uacuuaccau cauauguuca uauagaugaa 3660
acuaauuuuu ggcuuaaguc agaacaacug gccaaaauug aagucauauu ugagggggga 3720
aauggcauac gcaauauuau auuauauugg auauuuaugu ucacacagga auuugguuua 3780
cugcuuugua aauaaaagga aaaacuccgg guauauguau agauguucuu cauuauagac 3840
aucuucuuug cuuuucuugg ccuuggggga ggaagggaga agugcucuuu ucuacuugug 3900
gggucuccca uuggaaacau aauccuauag ucccagaagg auucaguccc caguggcuuu 3960
cccauccaaa gagaaagagu uugaguuucu uaacucugcu guucugccac uuacucccac 4020
uagacaacca gggacaaggu gcaacaugga aguguuugac uuaaguagga gcagaggagc 4080
ugcaucuaau cucaucauac cuggaacuug acacacuuaa gcaaaugccu ucccaucccu 4140
accugccaga ugcccccaac ucaaugaagu uggaugucuc accagcuuga uacccuuuga 4200
auuuucaguc agacauucug gaguucuagc auccuguacc uaggaccuuc cucuguguca 4260
cucuuggccu ccuaaacucu aagaaaauaa cuauauucug gagcuugggc aguguguuuu 4320
gcauaaucca gcaaucuccu caugacaugc auguguugau aguccugaaa cauucauuga 4380
gaggguaaau gcaguugacc uagaaugacc aauaccaaac agaauuuuaa gaacaggugg 4440
ccaacuccua uggagcuuac ucacauauua cuauucuuuu aagaacggaa aguaaaauua 4500
uuuuugacug aagaaaaaug augacaguga aaaacaugga aauguacuca aaacaaguga 4560
cuuuuucugu aaccuuccaa agaaacugaa uuuuccaagg aauuaaauga uaacaguggc 4620
uaaggcauag uuucuaaacu uucaguaaga uccuggcauu cacagaaaaa aaugaugaau 4680
ggggucugga cauacagccu gagaucucaa aaugacaaug aaauucacaa cuuuuucuca 4740
gagacauuca uguuuccugc auaugcuaca acugcaguuu gaaagaggca gcaaugggag 4800
caacccuuua caagaaacaa auugugauau auucaugugu uggacggcag uaaauaagau 4860
gaaaccugag gagucagauc caccuucccc cauucauaga ggcuuuucag ccucauuuug 4920
agguacaguu acauaucuuu ugccuuuugc ccccgugcau agcuaucuac agccaaucac 4980
agaucacaga gucacuggac uauagagcug gaaggaagcu cagagacaau gccaaggggg 5040
cagaaaauuu aucagaagcc agucccagug cguuuccucc auuuccuucu gcaggaagac 5100
uauuuugggc ugccugaaca uuguaucaaa ccugcuaccu auacuauggu cuaccuuucc 5160
uccaguggaa uuacaaaggc acuaacugaa augccuucua gaaacagaga aaacgaaacu 5220
guacuuauuu acucuugaua cacagauuau uuauaaaaca gauugaagua accuguuaac 5280
uggcaaaaag agaaugagau cggauuuaaa uguauggcag uaaguccuau ugaucccucc 5340
aguuaucuca guaugacugc aguauauuca uucacuaaaa ccacucacua gauaccaacu 5400
acacaccugg cacugcagau guaaagguca gucacacaug uucugacuuu acagaguuca 5460
caguagcagu ggaggaugau auauguggaa acaaaaaagg cauugauucu auucagagca 5520
cuguuagggc ucaaaggaga gaggggucuu uccaccuaag aaaugaggaa uagggucauc 5580
auagaaguga ccuuaagucu uaaaaauuaa gaaggggauu ccaagcugcu ucagacagag 5640
acacaucgag cuaaaacaca gagguaugaa agagcacagg gacuuuagga auugcacagu 5700
ucauucuaac aggaacaaaa ggcucaaggg gggcaagaaa ugaggcugua uggaaagaga 5760
uucaauguaa gcacuuuaua aaauagauua auuucugauu caaugaagca uuucuugauc 5820
auuguguaca aggcacuaca ugcaucaugg aaaauucauu aggaugcauu gccagcacuu 5880
ugcagaacug auauuauuca gccucaagcu uuccaguggc caaagggaaa ugcugacugc 5940
uuuucauaua uuugagucaa agauuuuuua uauggucaau gaagacuaau auaagggcag 6000
ugggauuuuc acagaugcau gccauguugu cgagagccuc uuagauuuuc ucaacuguga 6060
gaaagaaaaa cgaaaauguu gaagacguug agucuggaga ggggauacua aucacugucc 6120
aguugggcac uggugggaau ggggaaaugg cacaggaaug caagccucuc cacccuaccc 6180
cccgaacucc agccauacac ucaucguuuc acaaaauaua aaugaguuag cauuaaaugu 6240
uucagaguaa auaauuccuu uucccgaaau gcaugaagau agaguaacag acuucucaca 6300
cuguauuuuu aggguaugga gaauuuagaa gguuaaagaa uuacugcuuc aauuuuucag 6360
uuaaaaaaaa aucaggaagc ucuguucauu caggcuaugc accaugugca cagucaagaa 6420
uuagcagaaa cccucugcau uuacaaacac uuugugcuau aaaaaaguaa uuuuuaaaaa 6480
gccacgugug ugugugugua uauauauaua uauauauaua uuuaaagcca agguuuugau 6540
acuuuuuuac aaaaacuaca agagaaaaca aauauaccug uccaaaccau auacuuuuaa 6600
aagagcauuu uuuuuuccau acaagcuguu guuaauuugg ggguaaagug cugauuugca 6660
aacuucauca aauuguuccc aaguggauuc uccuuguuug ucucccccua ccaaccccaa 6720
aguuaccaua uuugauguaa gaaucaggca uguuagaaug uugugucaca cuaacugauu 6780
cugcucuuuu ugucuuguca uucaaguucc guuagcuucu guacgcggug cccuuugcag 6840
ucuggugucu cuuccagagg cgagggggcu gaggaugggg ugcugcaucu cacuagcuau 6900
acuggcauca ucuugguaaa cugaaaacca aauguggaca uuuguaaaau cagugcacug 6960
uuucuagaga gagauuaaau ucauuuaaaa aaaa 6994
<210> 16
<211> 700
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 16
Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Pro Gly Pro Leu Arg Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Gln Leu Gln His Leu Ala Ala Ala
20 25 30
Ala Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Gly Gly Gln Gly Pro Ala Lys Asp Cys Glu
35 40 45
Lys Asp Gln Phe Gln Cys Arg Asn Glu Arg Cys Ile Pro Ser Val Trp
50 55 60
Arg Cys Asp Glu Asp Asp Asp Cys Leu Asp His Ser Asp Glu Asp Asp
65 70 75 80
Cys Pro Lys Lys Thr Cys Ala Asp Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Asp Asn Gly
85 90 95
His Cys Ile His Glu Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Glu Glu Cys Pro
100 105 110
Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ser Glu Ala Thr Cys Thr Lys Gln Val Cys Pro
115 120 125
Ala Glu Lys Leu Ser Cys Gly Pro Thr Ser His Lys Cys Val Pro Ala
130 135 140
Ser Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Glu Lys Asp Cys Glu Gly Gly Ala Asp Glu
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Ser Leu Gly Thr Cys Arg Gly Asp Glu Phe Gln
165 170 175
Cys Gly Asp Gly Thr Cys Val Leu Ala Ile Lys His Cys Asn Gln Glu
180 185 190
Gln Asp Cys Pro Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ala Gly Cys Leu Gln Gly Leu
195 200 205
Asn Glu Cys Leu His Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser His Ile Cys Thr Asp
210 215 220
Leu Lys Ile Gly Phe Glu Cys Thr Cys Pro Ala Gly Phe Gln Leu Leu
225 230 235 240
Asp Gln Lys Thr Cys Gly Asp Ile Asp Glu Cys Lys Asp Pro Asp Ala
245 250 255
Cys Ser Gln Ile Cys Val Asn Tyr Lys Gly Tyr Phe Lys Cys Glu Cys
260 265 270
Tyr Pro Gly Tyr Glu Met Asp Leu Leu Thr Lys Asn Cys Lys Ala Ala
275 280 285
Ala Gly Lys Ser Pro Ser Leu Ile Phe Thr Asn Arg His Glu Val Arg
290 295 300
Arg Ile Asp Leu Val Lys Arg Asn Tyr Ser Arg Leu Ile Pro Met Leu
305 310 315 320
Lys Asn Val Val Ala Leu Asp Val Glu Val Ala Thr Asn Arg Ile Tyr
325 330 335
Trp Cys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Arg Lys Ile Tyr Ser Ala Tyr Met Asp Lys
340 345 350
Ala Ser Asp Pro Lys Glu Gln Glu Val Leu Ile Asp Glu Gln Leu His
355 360 365
Ser Pro Glu Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp Val His Lys His Ile Tyr Trp
370 375 380
Thr Asp Ser Gly Asn Lys Thr Ile Ser Val Ala Thr Val Asp Gly Gly
385 390 395 400
Arg Arg Arg Thr Leu Phe Ser Arg Asn Leu Ser Glu Pro Arg Ala Ile
405 410 415
Ala Val Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Phe Met Tyr Trp Ser Asp Trp Gly Asp
420 425 430
Gln Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Ser Gly Leu Asn Gly Val Asp Arg Gln Thr
435 440 445
Leu Val Ser Asp Asn Ile Glu Trp Pro Asn Gly Ile Thr Leu Asp Leu
450 455 460
Leu Ser Gln Arg Leu Tyr Trp Val Asp Ser Lys Leu His Gln Leu Ser
465 470 475 480
Ser Ile Asp Phe Ser Gly Gly Asn Arg Lys Thr Leu Ile Ser Ser Thr
485 490 495
Asp Phe Leu Ser His Pro Phe Gly Ile Ala Val Phe Glu Asp Lys Val
500 505 510
Phe Trp Thr Asp Leu Glu Asn Glu Ala Ile Phe Ser Ala Asn Arg Leu
515 520 525
Asn Gly Leu Glu Ile Ser Ile Leu Ala Glu Asn Leu Asn Asn Pro His
530 535 540
Asp Ile Val Ile Phe His Glu Leu Lys Gln Pro Arg Ala Pro Asp Ala
545 550 555 560
Cys Glu Leu Ser Val Gln Pro Asn Gly Gly Cys Glu Tyr Leu Cys Leu
565 570 575
Pro Ala Pro Gln Ile Ser Ser His Ser Pro Lys Tyr Thr Cys Ala Cys
580 585 590
Pro Asp Thr Met Trp Leu Gly Pro Asp Met Lys Arg Cys Tyr Arg Asp
595 600 605
Ala Asn Glu Asp Ser Lys Met Gly Ser Thr Val Thr Ala Ala Val Ile
610 615 620
Gly Ile Ile Val Pro Ile Val Val Ile Ala Leu Leu Cys Met Ser Gly
625 630 635 640
Tyr Leu Ile Trp Arg Asn Trp Lys Arg Lys Asn Thr Lys Ser Met Asn
645 650 655
Phe Asp Asn Pro Val Tyr Arg Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Glu Asp Glu Asp
660 665 670
Glu Leu His Ile Gly Arg Thr Ala Gln Ile Gly His Val Tyr Pro Ala
675 680 685
Arg Val Ala Leu Ser Leu Glu Asp Asp Gly Leu Pro
690 695 700
<210> 17
<211> 7606
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 17
gcuggcggcg gccgcccagg gccggggccg cgcgcccagc cugagcccgc cccgccgccg 60
agcgucaccg aaccugcuug aaaugcagcc gaggagccgg ggcgggcggc agcggcggcg 120
gcggcggcgg cgggggcagc ggcaaccccg gcgccgcggc aaggacucgg agggcugaga 180
cgcggcggcg gcggcgcggg gagcgcgggg cgcggcggcc ggagccccgg gcccgccaug 240
ggccuccccg agccgggccc ucuccggcuu cuggcgcugc ugcugcugcu gcugcugcug 300
cugcugcugc agcuccagca ucuugcggcg gcagcggcug auccgcugcu cggcggccaa 360
gggccggcca aggauugcga aaaggaccaa uuccagugcc ggaacgagcg cugcaucccc 420
ucugugugga gaugcgacga ggacgaugac ugcuuagacc acagcgacga ggacgacugc 480
cccaagaaga ccugugcaga cagugacuuc accugugaca acggccacug cauccacgaa 540
cgguggaagu gugacggcga ggaggagugu ccugauggcu ccgaugaguc cgaggccacu 600
ugcaccaagc aggugugucc ugcagagaag cugagcugug gacccaccag ccacaagugu 660
guaccugccu cguggcgcug cgacggggag aaggacugcg aggguggagc ggaugaggcc 720
ggcugugcua ccuugugcgc cccgcacgag uuccagugcg gcaaccgcuc gugccuggcc 780
gccguguucg ugugcgacgg cgacgacgac uguggugacg gcagcgauga gcgcggcugu 840
gcagacccgg ccugcgggcc ccgcgaguuc cgcugcggcg gcgauggcgg cggcgccugc 900
aucccggagc gcugggucug cgaccgccag uuugacugcg aggaccgcuc ggacgaggca 960
gccgagcucu gcggccgucc gggccccggg gccacguccg cgcccgccgc cugcgccacc 1020
gccucccagu ucgccugccg cagcggcgag ugcgugcacc ugggcuggcg cugcgacggc 1080
gaccgcgacu gcaaagacaa aucggacgag gccgacugcc cacugggcac cugccguggg 1140
gacgaguucc agugugggga ugggacaugu guccuugcaa ucaagcacug caaccaggag 1200
caggacuguc cagaugggag ugaugaagcu ggcugccuac aggggcugaa cgagugucug 1260
cacaacaaug gcggcugcuc acacaucugc acugaccuca agauuggcuu ugaaugcacg 1320
ugcccagcag gcuuccagcu ccuggaccag aagaccugug gcgacauuga ugagugcaag 1380
gacccagaug ccugcagcca gaucuguguc aauuacaagg gcuauuuuaa gugugagugc 1440
uacccuggcu acgagaugga ccuacugacc aagaacugca aggcugcugc uggcaagagc 1500
ccaucccuaa ucuucaccaa ccggcacgag gugcggagga ucgaccuggu gaagcggaac 1560
uauucacgcc ucauccccau gcucaagaau gucguggcac uagaugugga aguugccacc 1620
aaucgcaucu acugguguga ccucuccuac cguaagaucu auagcgccua cauggacaag 1680
gccagugacc cgaaagagca ggagguccuc auugacgagc aguugcacuc uccagagggc 1740
cuggcagugg acugggucca caagcacauc uacuggacug acucgggcaa uaagaccauc 1800
ucaguggcca caguugaugg uggccgccga cgcacucucu ucagccguaa ccucagugaa 1860
ccccgggcca ucgcuguuga cccccugcga ggguucaugu auuggucuga cuggggggac 1920
caggccaaga uugagaaauc ugggcucaac gguguggacc ggcaaacacu ggugucagac 1980
aauauugaau ggcccaacgg aaucacccug gaucugcuga gccagcgcuu guacugggua 2040
gacuccaagc uacaccaacu guccagcauu gacuucagug gaggcaacag aaagacgcug 2100
aucuccucca cugacuuccu gagccacccu uuugggauag cuguguuuga ggacaaggug 2160
uucuggacag accuggagaa cgaggccauu uucagugcaa aucggcucaa uggccuggaa 2220
aucuccaucc uggcugagaa ccucaacaac ccacaugaca uugucaucuu ccaugagcug 2280
aagcagccaa gagcuccaga ugccugugag cugagugucc agccuaaugg aggcugugaa 2340
uaccugugcc uuccugcucc ucagaucucc agccacucuc ccaaguacac augugccugu 2400
ccugacacaa uguggcuggg uccagacaug aagaggugcu accgagcacc ucaaucuacc 2460
ucaacuacga cguuagcuuc uaccaugacg aggacaguac cugccaccac aagagccccc 2520
gggaccaccg uccacagauc caccuaccag aaccacagca cagagacacc aagccugaca 2580
gcugcagucc caagcucagu uagugucccc agggcuccca gcaucagccc gucuacccua 2640
agcccugcaa ccagcaacca cucccagcac uaugcaaaug aagacaguaa gaugggcuca 2700
acagucacug ccgcuguuau cgggaucauc gugcccauag uggugauagc ccuccugugc 2760
augaguggau accugaucug gagaaacugg aagcggaaga acaccaaaag caugaauuuu 2820
gacaacccag ucuacaggaa aacaacagaa gaagaagacg aagaugagcu ccauauaggg 2880
agaacugcuc agauuggcca ugucuauccu gcacgagugg cauuaagccu ugaagaugau 2940
ggacuacccu gaggauggga ucacccccuu cgugccucau ggaauucagu cccaugcacu 3000
acacucugga ugguguauga cuggaugaau ggguuucuau auaugggucu gugugagugu 3060
augugugugu gugauuuuuu uuuuaaauuu auguugcgga aagguaacca caaaguuaug 3120
augaacugca aacauccaaa ggaugugaga guuuuucuau guauaauguu uuauacacuu 3180
uuuaacuggu ugcacuaccc augaggaauu cguggaaugg cuacugcuga cuaacaugau 3240
gcacauaacc aaaugggggc caauggcaca guaccuuacu caucauuuaa aaacuauauu 3300
uacagaagau guuugguugc ugggggggcu uuuuuagguu uuggggcauu uguuuuuugu 3360
aaauaagaug auuaugcuuu guggcuaucc aucaacauaa guaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaca 3420
cuucaacucc cucccccauu uagauuauuu auuaacauau uuuaaaaauc agaugaguuc 3480
uauaaauaau uuagagaagu gagaguauuu auuuuuggca uguuuggccc accacacaga 3540
cucugugugu guaugugugu guuuauaugu guaugugugu gacagaaaaa ucuguagaga 3600
agaggcacau cuauggcuac uguucaaaua cauaaagaua aauuuauuuu cacacagucc 3660
acaaggggua uaucuuguag uuuucagaaa agccuuugga aaucuggauc agaaaauaga 3720
uaccaugguu ugugcaauua uguaguaaaa aaggcaaauc uuuucaccuc uggcuauucc 3780
ugagacccca ggaagucagg aaaagccuuu cagcucaccc auggcugcug ugacuccuac 3840
cagggcuuuc uuggcuuugg cgaaggucag uguacagaca uuccauggua ccagagugcu 3900
cagaaacuca agauaggaua ugccucaccc ucagcuacuc cuuguuuuaa aguucagcuc 3960
uuugaguaac uucuucaauu ucuuucagga cacuuggguu gaauucagua aguuuccucu 4020
gaagcacccu gaagggugcc auccuuacag agcuaagugg agacguuucc agaucagccc 4080
aaguuuacua uagagacugg cccaggcacu gaaugucuag gacaugcugu ggaugaagau 4140
aaagauggug gaauagguuu uaucacaucu cuuauuucuc uuuuccccuu acucucuacc 4200
auuuccuuua uguggggaaa cauuuuaagg uaauaaauag guuacuuacc aucauauguu 4260
cauauagaug aaacuaauuu uuggcuuaag ucagaacaac uggccaaaau ugaagucaua 4320
uuugaggggg gaaauggcau acgcaauauu auauuauauu ggauauuuau guucacacag 4380
gaauuugguu uacugcuuug uaaauaaaag gaaaaacucc ggguauaugu auagauguuc 4440
uucauuauag acaucuucuu ugcuuuucuu ggccuugggg gaggaaggga gaagugcucu 4500
uuucuacuug uggggucucc cauuggaaac auaauccuau agucccagaa ggauucaguc 4560
cccaguggcu uucccaucca aagagaaaga guuugaguuu cuuaacucug cuguucugcc 4620
acuuacuccc acuagacaac cagggacaag gugcaacaug gaaguguuug acuuaaguag 4680
gagcagagga gcugcaucua aucucaucau accuggaacu ugacacacuu aagcaaaugc 4740
cuucccaucc cuaccugcca gaugccccca acucaaugaa guuggauguc ucaccagcuu 4800
gauacccuuu gaauuuucag ucagacauuc uggaguucua gcauccugua ccuaggaccu 4860
uccucugugu cacucuuggc cuccuaaacu cuaagaaaau aacuauauuc uggagcuugg 4920
gcaguguguu uugcauaauc cagcaaucuc cucaugacau gcauguguug auaguccuga 4980
aacauucauu gagaggguaa augcaguuga ccuagaauga ccaauaccaa acagaauuuu 5040
aagaacaggu ggccaacucc uauggagcuu acucacauau uacuauucuu uuaagaacgg 5100
aaaguaaaau uauuuuugac ugaagaaaaa ugaugacagu gaaaaacaug gaaauguacu 5160
caaaacaagu gacuuuuucu guaaccuucc aaagaaacug aauuuuccaa ggaauuaaau 5220
gauaacagug gcuaaggcau aguuucuaaa cuuucaguaa gauccuggca uucacagaaa 5280
aaaaugauga auggggucug gacauacagc cugagaucuc aaaaugacaa ugaaauucac 5340
aacuuuuucu cagagacauu cauguuuccu gcauaugcua caacugcagu uugaaagagg 5400
cagcaauggg agcaacccuu uacaagaaac aaauugugau auauucaugu guuggacggc 5460
aguaaauaag augaaaccug aggagucaga uccaccuucc cccauucaua gaggcuuuuc 5520
agccucauuu ugagguacag uuacauaucu uuugccuuuu gcccccgugc auagcuaucu 5580
acagccaauc acagaucaca gagucacugg acuauagagc uggaaggaag cucagagaca 5640
augccaaggg ggcagaaaau uuaucagaag ccagucccag ugcguuuccu ccauuuccuu 5700
cugcaggaag acuauuuugg gcugccugaa cauuguauca aaccugcuac cuauacuaug 5760
gucuaccuuu ccuccagugg aauuacaaag gcacuaacug aaaugccuuc uagaaacaga 5820
gaaaacgaaa cuguacuuau uuacucuuga uacacagauu auuuauaaaa cagauugaag 5880
uaaccuguua acuggcaaaa agagaaugag aucggauuua aauguauggc aguaaguccu 5940
auugaucccu ccaguuaucu caguaugacu gcaguauauu cauucacuaa aaccacucac 6000
uagauaccaa cuacacaccu ggcacugcag auguaaaggu cagucacaca uguucugacu 6060
uuacagaguu cacaguagca guggaggaug auauaugugg aaacaaaaaa ggcauugauu 6120
cuauucagag cacuguuagg gcucaaagga gagagggguc uuuccaccua agaaaugagg 6180
aauaggguca ucauagaagu gaccuuaagu cuuaaaaauu aagaagggga uuccaagcug 6240
cuucagacag agacacaucg agcuaaaaca cagagguaug aaagagcaca gggacuuuag 6300
gaauugcaca guucauucua acaggaacaa aaggcucaag gggggcaaga aaugaggcug 6360
uauggaaaga gauucaaugu aagcacuuua uaaaauagau uaauuucuga uucaaugaag 6420
cauuucuuga ucauugugua caaggcacua caugcaucau ggaaaauuca uuaggaugca 6480
uugccagcac uuugcagaac ugauauuauu cagccucaag cuuuccagug gccaaaggga 6540
aaugcugacu gcuuuucaua uauuugaguc aaagauuuuu uauaugguca augaagacua 6600
auauaagggc agugggauuu ucacagaugc augccauguu gucgagagcc ucuuagauuu 6660
ucucaacugu gagaaagaaa aacgaaaaug uugaagacgu ugagucugga gaggggauac 6720
uaaucacugu ccaguugggc acugguggga auggggaaau ggcacaggaa ugcaagccuc 6780
uccacccuac cccccgaacu ccagccauac acucaucguu ucacaaaaua uaaaugaguu 6840
agcauuaaau guuucagagu aaauaauucc uuuucccgaa augcaugaag auagaguaac 6900
agacuucuca cacuguauuu uuaggguaug gagaauuuag aagguuaaag aauuacugcu 6960
ucaauuuuuc aguuaaaaaa aaaucaggaa gcucuguuca uucaggcuau gcaccaugug 7020
cacagucaag aauuagcaga aacccucugc auuuacaaac acuuugugcu auaaaaaagu 7080
aauuuuuaaa aagccacgug ugugugugug uauauauaua uauauauaua uauuuaaagc 7140
caagguuuug auacuuuuuu acaaaaacua caagagaaaa caaauauacc uguccaaacc 7200
auauacuuuu aaaagagcau uuuuuuuucc auacaagcug uuguuaauuu ggggguaaag 7260
ugcugauuug caaacuucau caaauuguuc ccaaguggau ucuccuuguu ugucuccccc 7320
uaccaacccc aaaguuacca uauuugaugu aagaaucagg cauguuagaa uguuguguca 7380
cacuaacuga uucugcucuu uuugucuugu cauucaaguu ccguuagcuu cuguacgcgg 7440
ugcccuuugc agucuggugu cucuuccaga ggcgaggggg cugaggaugg ggugcugcau 7500
cucacuagcu auacuggcau caucuuggua aacugaaaac caaaugugga cauuuguaaa 7560
aucagugcac uguuucuaga gagagauuaa auucauuuaa aaaaaa 7606
<210> 18
<211> 904
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 18
Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Pro Gly Pro Leu Arg Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Gln Leu Gln His Leu Ala Ala Ala
20 25 30
Ala Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Gly Gly Gln Gly Pro Ala Lys Asp Cys Glu
35 40 45
Lys Asp Gln Phe Gln Cys Arg Asn Glu Arg Cys Ile Pro Ser Val Trp
50 55 60
Arg Cys Asp Glu Asp Asp Asp Cys Leu Asp His Ser Asp Glu Asp Asp
65 70 75 80
Cys Pro Lys Lys Thr Cys Ala Asp Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Asp Asn Gly
85 90 95
His Cys Ile His Glu Arg Trp Lys Cys Asp Gly Glu Glu Glu Cys Pro
100 105 110
Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ser Glu Ala Thr Cys Thr Lys Gln Val Cys Pro
115 120 125
Ala Glu Lys Leu Ser Cys Gly Pro Thr Ser His Lys Cys Val Pro Ala
130 135 140
Ser Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Glu Lys Asp Cys Glu Gly Gly Ala Asp Glu
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Leu Cys Ala Pro His Glu Phe Gln Cys Gly Asn
165 170 175
Arg Ser Cys Leu Ala Ala Val Phe Val Cys Asp Gly Asp Asp Asp Cys
180 185 190
Gly Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Arg Gly Cys Ala Asp Pro Ala Cys Gly Pro
195 200 205
Arg Glu Phe Arg Cys Gly Gly Asp Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys Ile Pro Glu
210 215 220
Arg Trp Val Cys Asp Arg Gln Phe Asp Cys Glu Asp Arg Ser Asp Glu
225 230 235 240
Ala Ala Glu Leu Cys Gly Arg Pro Gly Pro Gly Ala Thr Ser Ala Pro
245 250 255
Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Ala Ser Gln Phe Ala Cys Arg Ser Gly Glu Cys
260 265 270
Val His Leu Gly Trp Arg Cys Asp Gly Asp Arg Asp Cys Lys Asp Lys
275 280 285
Ser Asp Glu Ala Asp Cys Pro Leu Gly Thr Cys Arg Gly Asp Glu Phe
290 295 300
Gln Cys Gly Asp Gly Thr Cys Val Leu Ala Ile Lys His Cys Asn Gln
305 310 315 320
Glu Gln Asp Cys Pro Asp Gly Ser Asp Glu Ala Gly Cys Leu Gln Gly
325 330 335
Leu Asn Glu Cys Leu His Asn Asn Gly Gly Cys Ser His Ile Cys Thr
340 345 350
Asp Leu Lys Ile Gly Phe Glu Cys Thr Cys Pro Ala Gly Phe Gln Leu
355 360 365
Leu Asp Gln Lys Thr Cys Gly Asp Ile Asp Glu Cys Lys Asp Pro Asp
370 375 380
Ala Cys Ser Gln Ile Cys Val Asn Tyr Lys Gly Tyr Phe Lys Cys Glu
385 390 395 400
Cys Tyr Pro Gly Tyr Glu Met Asp Leu Leu Thr Lys Asn Cys Lys Ala
405 410 415
Ala Ala Gly Lys Ser Pro Ser Leu Ile Phe Thr Asn Arg His Glu Val
420 425 430
Arg Arg Ile Asp Leu Val Lys Arg Asn Tyr Ser Arg Leu Ile Pro Met
435 440 445
Leu Lys Asn Val Val Ala Leu Asp Val Glu Val Ala Thr Asn Arg Ile
450 455 460
Tyr Trp Cys Asp Leu Ser Tyr Arg Lys Ile Tyr Ser Ala Tyr Met Asp
465 470 475 480
Lys Ala Ser Asp Pro Lys Glu Gln Glu Val Leu Ile Asp Glu Gln Leu
485 490 495
His Ser Pro Glu Gly Leu Ala Val Asp Trp Val His Lys His Ile Tyr
500 505 510
Trp Thr Asp Ser Gly Asn Lys Thr Ile Ser Val Ala Thr Val Asp Gly
515 520 525
Gly Arg Arg Arg Thr Leu Phe Ser Arg Asn Leu Ser Glu Pro Arg Ala
530 535 540
Ile Ala Val Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Phe Met Tyr Trp Ser Asp Trp Gly
545 550 555 560
Asp Gln Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Ser Gly Leu Asn Gly Val Asp Arg Gln
565 570 575
Thr Leu Val Ser Asp Asn Ile Glu Trp Pro Asn Gly Ile Thr Leu Asp
580 585 590
Leu Leu Ser Gln Arg Leu Tyr Trp Val Asp Ser Lys Leu His Gln Leu
595 600 605
Ser Ser Ile Asp Phe Ser Gly Gly Asn Arg Lys Thr Leu Ile Ser Ser
610 615 620
Thr Asp Phe Leu Ser His Pro Phe Gly Ile Ala Val Phe Glu Asp Lys
625 630 635 640
Val Phe Trp Thr Asp Leu Glu Asn Glu Ala Ile Phe Ser Ala Asn Arg
645 650 655
Leu Asn Gly Leu Glu Ile Ser Ile Leu Ala Glu Asn Leu Asn Asn Pro
660 665 670
His Asp Ile Val Ile Phe His Glu Leu Lys Gln Pro Arg Ala Pro Asp
675 680 685
Ala Cys Glu Leu Ser Val Gln Pro Asn Gly Gly Cys Glu Tyr Leu Cys
690 695 700
Leu Pro Ala Pro Gln Ile Ser Ser His Ser Pro Lys Tyr Thr Cys Ala
705 710 715 720
Cys Pro Asp Thr Met Trp Leu Gly Pro Asp Met Lys Arg Cys Tyr Arg
725 730 735
Ala Pro Gln Ser Thr Ser Thr Thr Thr Leu Ala Ser Thr Met Thr Arg
740 745 750
Thr Val Pro Ala Thr Thr Arg Ala Pro Gly Thr Thr Val His Arg Ser
755 760 765
Thr Tyr Gln Asn His Ser Thr Glu Thr Pro Ser Leu Thr Ala Ala Val
770 775 780
Pro Ser Ser Val Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Pro Ser Ile Ser Pro Ser Thr
785 790 795 800
Leu Ser Pro Ala Thr Ser Asn His Ser Gln His Tyr Ala Asn Glu Asp
805 810 815
Ser Lys Met Gly Ser Thr Val Thr Ala Ala Val Ile Gly Ile Ile Val
820 825 830
Pro Ile Val Val Ile Ala Leu Leu Cys Met Ser Gly Tyr Leu Ile Trp
835 840 845
Arg Asn Trp Lys Arg Lys Asn Thr Lys Ser Met Asn Phe Asp Asn Pro
850 855 860
Val Tyr Arg Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Glu Asp Glu Asp Glu Leu His Ile
865 870 875 880
Gly Arg Thr Ala Gln Ile Gly His Val Tyr Pro Ala Arg Val Ala Leu
885 890 895
Ser Leu Glu Asp Asp Gly Leu Pro
900
<210> 19
<211> 2358
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 19
aaacucacac aacaacucuu ccccgcugag aggagacagc cagugcgacu ccacccucca 60
gcucgacggc agccgccccg gccgacagcc ccgagacgac agcccggcgc gucccggucc 120
ccaccuccga ccaccgccag cgcuccaggc cccgccgcuc cccgcucgcc gccaccgcgc 180
ccuccgcucc gcccgcagug ccaaccauga ccgccgccag uaugggcccc guccgcgucg 240
ccuucguggu ccuccucgcc cucugcagcc ggccggccgu cggccagaac ugcagcgggc 300
cgugccggug cccggacgag ccggcgccgc gcugcccggc gggcgugagc cucgugcugg 360
acggcugcgg cugcugccgc gucugcgcca agcagcuggg cgagcugugc accgagcgcg 420
accccugcga cccgcacaag ggccucuucu gugacuucgg cuccccggcc aaccgcaaga 480
ucggcgugug caccgccaaa gauggugcuc ccugcaucuu cggugguacg guguaccgca 540
gcggagaguc cuuccagagc agcugcaagu accagugcac gugccuggac ggggcggugg 600
gcugcaugcc ccugugcagc auggacguuc gucugcccag cccugacugc cccuucccga 660
ggagggucaa gcugcccggg aaaugcugcg aggagugggu gugugacgag cccaaggacc 720
aaaccguggu ugggccugcc cucgcggcuu accgacugga agacacguuu ggcccagacc 780
caacuaugau uagagccaac ugccuggucc agaccacaga guggagcgcc uguuccaaga 840
ccugugggau gggcaucucc acccggguua ccaaugacaa cgccuccugc aggcuagaga 900
agcagagccg ccugugcaug gucaggccuu gcgaagcuga ccuggaagag aacauuaaga 960
agggcaaaaa gugcauccgu acucccaaaa ucuccaagcc uaucaaguuu gagcuuucug 1020
gcugcaccag caugaagaca uaccgagcua aauucugugg aguauguacc gacggccgau 1080
gcugcacccc ccacagaacc accacccugc cgguggaguu caagugcccu gacggcgagg 1140
ucaugaagaa gaacaugaug uucaucaaga ccugugccug ccauuacaac ugucccggag 1200
acaaugacau cuuugaaucg cuguacuaca ggaagaugua cggagacaug gcaugaagcc 1260
agagagugag agacauuaac ucauuagacu ggaacuugaa cugauucaca ucucauuuuu 1320
ccguaaaaau gauuucagua gcacaaguua uuuaaaucug uuuuucuaac ugggggaaaa 1380
gauucccacc caauucaaaa cauugugcca ugucaaacaa auagucuauc aaccccagac 1440
acugguuuga agaauguuaa gacuugacag uggaacuaca uuaguacaca gcaccagaau 1500
guauauuaag guguggcuuu aggagcagug ggaggguacc agcagaaagg uuaguaucau 1560
cagauagcau cuuauacgag uaauaugccu gcuauuugaa guguaauuga gaaggaaaau 1620
uuuagcgugc ucacugaccu gccuguagcc ccagugacag cuaggaugug cauucuccag 1680
ccaucaagag acugagucaa guuguuccuu aagucagaac agcagacuca gcucugacau 1740
ucugauucga augacacugu ucaggaaucg gaauccuguc gauuagacug gacagcuugu 1800
ggcaagugaa uuugccugua acaagccaga uuuuuuaaaa uuuauauugu aaauauugug 1860
ugugugugug uguguguaua uauauauaua uguacaguua ucuaaguuaa uuuaaaguug 1920
uuugugccuu uuuauuuuug uuuuuaaugc uuugauauuu caauguuagc cucaauuucu 1980
gaacaccaua gguagaaugu aaagcuuguc ugaucguuca aagcaugaaa uggauacuua 2040
uauggaaauu cugcucagau agaaugacag uccgucaaaa cagauuguuu gcaaagggga 2100
ggcaucagug uccuuggcag gcugauuucu agguaggaaa ugugguagcc ucacuuuuaa 2160
ugaacaaaug gccuuuauua aaaacugagu gacucuauau agcugaucag uuuuuucacc 2220
uggaagcauu uguuucuacu uugauaugac uguuuuucgg acaguuuauu uguugagagu 2280
gugaccaaaa guuacauguu ugcaccuuuc uaguugaaaa uaaaguguau auuuuuucua 2340
uaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaa 2358
<210> 20
<211> 349
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 20
Met Thr Ala Ala Ser Met Gly Pro Val Arg Val Ala Phe Val Val Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Ala Leu Cys Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Gly Gln Asn Cys Ser Gly Pro
20 25 30
Cys Arg Cys Pro Asp Glu Pro Ala Pro Arg Cys Pro Ala Gly Val Ser
35 40 45
Leu Val Leu Asp Gly Cys Gly Cys Cys Arg Val Cys Ala Lys Gln Leu
50 55 60
Gly Glu Leu Cys Thr Glu Arg Asp Pro Cys Asp Pro His Lys Gly Leu
65 70 75 80
Phe Cys Asp Phe Gly Ser Pro Ala Asn Arg Lys Ile Gly Val Cys Thr
85 90 95
Ala Lys Asp Gly Ala Pro Cys Ile Phe Gly Gly Thr Val Tyr Arg Ser
100 105 110
Gly Glu Ser Phe Gln Ser Ser Cys Lys Tyr Gln Cys Thr Cys Leu Asp
115 120 125
Gly Ala Val Gly Cys Met Pro Leu Cys Ser Met Asp Val Arg Leu Pro
130 135 140
Ser Pro Asp Cys Pro Phe Pro Arg Arg Val Lys Leu Pro Gly Lys Cys
145 150 155 160
Cys Glu Glu Trp Val Cys Asp Glu Pro Lys Asp Gln Thr Val Val Gly
165 170 175
Pro Ala Leu Ala Ala Tyr Arg Leu Glu Asp Thr Phe Gly Pro Asp Pro
180 185 190
Thr Met Ile Arg Ala Asn Cys Leu Val Gln Thr Thr Glu Trp Ser Ala
195 200 205
Cys Ser Lys Thr Cys Gly Met Gly Ile Ser Thr Arg Val Thr Asn Asp
210 215 220
Asn Ala Ser Cys Arg Leu Glu Lys Gln Ser Arg Leu Cys Met Val Arg
225 230 235 240
Pro Cys Glu Ala Asp Leu Glu Glu Asn Ile Lys Lys Gly Lys Lys Cys
245 250 255
Ile Arg Thr Pro Lys Ile Ser Lys Pro Ile Lys Phe Glu Leu Ser Gly
260 265 270
Cys Thr Ser Met Lys Thr Tyr Arg Ala Lys Phe Cys Gly Val Cys Thr
275 280 285
Asp Gly Arg Cys Cys Thr Pro His Arg Thr Thr Thr Leu Pro Val Glu
290 295 300
Phe Lys Cys Pro Asp Gly Glu Val Met Lys Lys Asn Met Met Phe Ile
305 310 315 320
Lys Thr Cys Ala Cys His Tyr Asn Cys Pro Gly Asp Asn Asp Ile Phe
325 330 335
Glu Ser Leu Tyr Tyr Arg Lys Met Tyr Gly Asp Met Ala
340 345
<210> 21
<211> 1939
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 21
aggaaggagg gguggccuga ccccucggca gucccucccc ucagccuuuc cccaaauugc 60
uacuucucug gggcuccagg uccugcuugu gcucagcucc agcucacugg cuggccaccg 120
agacuucugg acaggaaacu gcaccauccu cuucucccag caagggggcu ccagagacug 180
cccacccagg aagucuggug gccuggggau uuggacagug ccuugguaau gaccagggcu 240
ccaggaagag auguccuugu ggcugggggc cccugugccu gacauuccuc cugacucugc 300
gguggagcug uggaagccag gcgcacagga ugcaagcagc caggcccagg gaggcagcag 360
cugcauccuc agagaggaag ccaggaugcc ccacucugcu ggggguacug cagggguggg 420
gcuggaggcu gcagagccca cagcccugcu caccagggca gagcccccuu cagaacccac 480
agagauccgu ccacaaaagc ggaaaaaggg gccagccccc aaaaugcugg ggaacgagcu 540
augcagcgug uguggggaca aggccucggg cuuccacuac aauguucuga gcugcgaggg 600
cugcaaggga uucuuccgcc gcagcgucau caagggagcg cacuacaucu gccacagugg 660
cggccacugc cccauggaca ccuacaugcg ucgcaagugc caggaguguc ggcuucgcaa 720
augccgucag gcuggcaugc gggaggagug uguccuguca gaagaacaga uccgccugaa 780
gaaacugaag cggcaagagg aggaacaggc ucaugccaca uccuugcccc ccagggcuuc 840
cucacccccc caaauccugc cccagcucag cccggaacaa cugggcauga ucgagaagcu 900
cgucgcugcc cagcaacagu guaaccggcg cuccuuuucu gaccggcuuc gagucacgcc 960
uuggcccaug gcaccagauc cccauagccg ggaggcccgu cagcagcgcu uugcccacuu 1020
cacugagcug gccaucgucu cugugcagga gauaguugac uuugcuaaac agcuacccgg 1080
cuuccugcag cucagccggg aggaccagau ugcccugcug aagaccucug cgaucgaggu 1140
gaugcuucug gagacaucuc ggagguacaa cccugggagu gagaguauca ccuuccucaa 1200
ggauuucagu uauaaccggg aagacuuugc caaagcaggg cugcaagugg aauucaucaa 1260
ccccaucuuc gaguucucca gggccaugaa ugagcugcaa cucaaugaug ccgaguuugc 1320
cuugcucauu gcuaucagca ucuucucugc agaccggccc aacgugcagg accagcucca 1380
gguagagagg cugcagcaca cauaugugga agcccugcau gccuacgucu ccauccacca 1440
uccccaugac cgacugaugu ucccacggau gcuaaugaaa cuggugagcc uccggacccu 1500
gagcagcguc cacucagagc aaguguuugc acugcgucug caggacaaaa agcucccacc 1560
gcugcucucu gagaucuggg augugcacga augacuguuc uguccccaua uuuucuguuu 1620
ucuuggccgg auggcugagg ccugguggcu gccuccuaga aguggaacag acugagaagg 1680
gcaaacauuc cugggagcug ggcaaggaga uccucccgug gcauuaaaag agagucaaag 1740
gguugcgagu uuuguggcua cugagcagug gagcccucgc uaacacugug cugugucuga 1800
agaucaugcu gaccccacaa acggaugggc cugggggcca cuuugcacag gguucuccag 1860
agcccugccc auccugccuc caccacuucc uguuuuuccc acagggcccc aagaaaaauu 1920
cuccacuguc aaaaaaaaa 1939
<210> 22
<211> 447
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 22
Met Ser Leu Trp Leu Gly Ala Pro Val Pro Asp Ile Pro Pro Asp Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Val Glu Leu Trp Lys Pro Gly Ala Gln Asp Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala
20 25 30
Gln Gly Gly Ser Ser Cys Ile Leu Arg Glu Glu Ala Arg Met Pro His
35 40 45
Ser Ala Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Val Gly Leu Glu Ala Ala Glu Pro Thr
50 55 60
Ala Leu Leu Thr Arg Ala Glu Pro Pro Ser Glu Pro Thr Glu Ile Arg
65 70 75 80
Pro Gln Lys Arg Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Pro Lys Met Leu Gly Asn Glu
85 90 95
Leu Cys Ser Val Cys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly Phe His Tyr Asn Val
100 105 110
Leu Ser Cys Glu Gly Cys Lys Gly Phe Phe Arg Arg Ser Val Ile Lys
115 120 125
Gly Ala His Tyr Ile Cys His Ser Gly Gly His Cys Pro Met Asp Thr
130 135 140
Tyr Met Arg Arg Lys Cys Gln Glu Cys Arg Leu Arg Lys Cys Arg Gln
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Met Arg Glu Glu Cys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu Gln Ile Arg Leu
165 170 175
Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Gln Glu Glu Glu Gln Ala His Ala Thr Ser Leu
180 185 190
Pro Pro Arg Ala Ser Ser Pro Pro Gln Ile Leu Pro Gln Leu Ser Pro
195 200 205
Glu Gln Leu Gly Met Ile Glu Lys Leu Val Ala Ala Gln Gln Gln Cys
210 215 220
Asn Arg Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Arg Leu Arg Val Thr Pro Trp Pro Met
225 230 235 240
Ala Pro Asp Pro His Ser Arg Glu Ala Arg Gln Gln Arg Phe Ala His
245 250 255
Phe Thr Glu Leu Ala Ile Val Ser Val Gln Glu Ile Val Asp Phe Ala
260 265 270
Lys Gln Leu Pro Gly Phe Leu Gln Leu Ser Arg Glu Asp Gln Ile Ala
275 280 285
Leu Leu Lys Thr Ser Ala Ile Glu Val Met Leu Leu Glu Thr Ser Arg
290 295 300
Arg Tyr Asn Pro Gly Ser Glu Ser Ile Thr Phe Leu Lys Asp Phe Ser
305 310 315 320
Tyr Asn Arg Glu Asp Phe Ala Lys Ala Gly Leu Gln Val Glu Phe Ile
325 330 335
Asn Pro Ile Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met Asn Glu Leu Gln Leu Asn
340 345 350
Asp Ala Glu Phe Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Ser Ile Phe Ser Ala Asp
355 360 365
Arg Pro Asn Val Gln Asp Gln Leu Gln Val Glu Arg Leu Gln His Thr
370 375 380
Tyr Val Glu Ala Leu His Ala Tyr Val Ser Ile His His Pro His Asp
385 390 395 400
Arg Leu Met Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys Leu Val Ser Leu Arg Thr
405 410 415
Leu Ser Ser Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe Ala Leu Arg Leu Gln Asp
420 425 430
Lys Lys Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Trp Asp Val His Glu
435 440 445
<210> 23
<211> 1759
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 23
aggaaggagg gguggccuga ccccucggca gucccucccc ucagccuuuc cccaaauugc 60
uacuucucug gggcuccagg uccugcuugu gcucagcucc agcucacugg cuggccaccg 120
agacuucugg acaggaaacu gcaccauccu cuucucccag caagggggcu ccagagacug 180
cccacccagg aagucuggug gccuggggau uuggacagug ccuugguaau gaccagggcu 240
ccaggaagag auguccuugu ggcugggggc cccugugccu gacauuccuc cugacucugc 300
gguggagcug uggaagccag gcgcacagga ugcaagcagc caggcccagg gaggcagcag 360
cugcauccuc agagaggaag ccaggaugcc ccacucugcu ggggguacug cagggguggg 420
gcuggaggcu gcagagccca cagcccugcu caccagggca gagcccccuu cagaacccac 480
agagauccgu ccacaaaagc ggaaaaaggg gccagccccc aaaaugcugg ggaacgagcu 540
augcagcgug uguggggaca aggccucggg cuuccacuac aauguucuga gcugcgaggg 600
cugcaaggga uucuuccgcc gcagcgucau caagggagcg cacuacaucu gccacagugg 660
cggccacugc cccauggaca ccuacaugcg ucgcaagugc caggaguguc ggcuucgcaa 720
augccgucag gcuggcaugc gggaggagug uguccuguca gaagaacaga uccgccugaa 780
gaaacugaag cggcaagagg aggaacaggc ucaugccaca uccuugcccc ccagggcuuc 840
cucacccccc caaauccugc cccagcucag cccggaacaa cugggcauga ucgagaagcu 900
cgucgcugcc cagcaacagu guaaccggcg cuccuuuucu gaccggcuuc gagucacggu 960
gaugcuucug gagacaucuc ggagguacaa cccugggagu gagaguauca ccuuccucaa 1020
ggauuucagu uauaaccggg aagacuuugc caaagcaggg cugcaagugg aauucaucaa 1080
ccccaucuuc gaguucucca gggccaugaa ugagcugcaa cucaaugaug ccgaguuugc 1140
cuugcucauu gcuaucagca ucuucucugc agaccggccc aacgugcagg accagcucca 1200
gguagagagg cugcagcaca cauaugugga agcccugcau gccuacgucu ccauccacca 1260
uccccaugac cgacugaugu ucccacggau gcuaaugaaa cuggugagcc uccggacccu 1320
gagcagcguc cacucagagc aaguguuugc acugcgucug caggacaaaa agcucccacc 1380
gcugcucucu gagaucuggg augugcacga augacuguuc uguccccaua uuuucuguuu 1440
ucuuggccgg auggcugagg ccugguggcu gccuccuaga aguggaacag acugagaagg 1500
gcaaacauuc cugggagcug ggcaaggaga uccucccgug gcauuaaaag agagucaaag 1560
gguugcgagu uuuguggcua cugagcagug gagcccucgc uaacacugug cugugucuga 1620
agaucaugcu gaccccacaa acggaugggc cugggggcca cuuugcacag gguucuccag 1680
agcccugccc auccugccuc caccacuucc uguuuuuccc acagggcccc aagaaaaauu 1740
cuccacuguc aaaaaaaaa 1759
<210> 24
<211> 387
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 24
Met Ser Leu Trp Leu Gly Ala Pro Val Pro Asp Ile Pro Pro Asp Ser
1 5 10 15
Ala Val Glu Leu Trp Lys Pro Gly Ala Gln Asp Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala
20 25 30
Gln Gly Gly Ser Ser Cys Ile Leu Arg Glu Glu Ala Arg Met Pro His
35 40 45
Ser Ala Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Val Gly Leu Glu Ala Ala Glu Pro Thr
50 55 60
Ala Leu Leu Thr Arg Ala Glu Pro Pro Ser Glu Pro Thr Glu Ile Arg
65 70 75 80
Pro Gln Lys Arg Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Pro Lys Met Leu Gly Asn Glu
85 90 95
Leu Cys Ser Val Cys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly Phe His Tyr Asn Val
100 105 110
Leu Ser Cys Glu Gly Cys Lys Gly Phe Phe Arg Arg Ser Val Ile Lys
115 120 125
Gly Ala His Tyr Ile Cys His Ser Gly Gly His Cys Pro Met Asp Thr
130 135 140
Tyr Met Arg Arg Lys Cys Gln Glu Cys Arg Leu Arg Lys Cys Arg Gln
145 150 155 160
Ala Gly Met Arg Glu Glu Cys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu Gln Ile Arg Leu
165 170 175
Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Gln Glu Glu Glu Gln Ala His Ala Thr Ser Leu
180 185 190
Pro Pro Arg Ala Ser Ser Pro Pro Gln Ile Leu Pro Gln Leu Ser Pro
195 200 205
Glu Gln Leu Gly Met Ile Glu Lys Leu Val Ala Ala Gln Gln Gln Cys
210 215 220
Asn Arg Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Arg Leu Arg Val Thr Val Met Leu Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Thr Ser Arg Arg Tyr Asn Pro Gly Ser Glu Ser Ile Thr Phe Leu
245 250 255
Lys Asp Phe Ser Tyr Asn Arg Glu Asp Phe Ala Lys Ala Gly Leu Gln
260 265 270
Val Glu Phe Ile Asn Pro Ile Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met Asn Glu
275 280 285
Leu Gln Leu Asn Asp Ala Glu Phe Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Ser Ile
290 295 300
Phe Ser Ala Asp Arg Pro Asn Val Gln Asp Gln Leu Gln Val Glu Arg
305 310 315 320
Leu Gln His Thr Tyr Val Glu Ala Leu His Ala Tyr Val Ser Ile His
325 330 335
His Pro His Asp Arg Leu Met Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys Leu Val
340 345 350
Ser Leu Arg Thr Leu Ser Ser Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe Ala Leu
355 360 365
Arg Leu Gln Asp Lys Lys Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Trp Asp
370 375 380
Val His Glu
385
<210> 25
<211> 1748
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 25
aucuuacuua gggaccugcu ggggugcggg gaaaaggcgc agucucggug ggauugcgug 60
caggaggguc guggucuggc uguggcggag gagcauaaga agacucugcg guggagcugu 120
ggaagccagg cgcacaggau gcaagcagcc aggcccaggg aggcagcagc ugcauccuca 180
gagaggaagc caggaugccc cacucugcug gggguacugc aggggugggg cuggaggcug 240
cagagcccac agcccugcuc accagggcag agcccccuuc agaacccaca gagauccguc 300
cacaaaagcg gaaaaagggg ccagccccca aaaugcuggg gaacgagcua ugcagcgugu 360
guggggacaa ggccucgggc uuccacuaca auguucugag cugcgagggc ugcaagggau 420
ucuuccgccg cagcgucauc aagggagcgc acuacaucug ccacaguggc ggccacugcc 480
ccauggacac cuacaugcgu cgcaagugcc aggagugucg gcuucgcaaa ugccgucagg 540
cuggcaugcg ggaggagugu guccugucag aagaacagau ccgccugaag aaacugaagc 600
ggcaagagga ggaacaggcu caugccacau ccuugccccc cagggcuucc ucaccccccc 660
aaauccugcc ccagcucagc ccggaacaac ugggcaugau cgagaagcuc gucgcugccc 720
agcaacagug uaaccggcgc uccuuuucug accggcuucg agucacgccu uggcccaugg 780
caccagaucc ccauagccgg gaggcccguc agcagcgcuu ugcccacuuc acugagcugg 840
ccaucgucuc ugugcaggag auaguugacu uugcuaaaca gcuacccggc uuccugcagc 900
ucagccggga ggaccagauu gcccugcuga agaccucugc gaucgaggug augcuucugg 960
agacaucucg gagguacaac ccugggagug agaguaucac cuuccucaag gauuucaguu 1020
auaaccggga agacuuugcc aaagcagggc ugcaagugga auucaucaac cccaucuucg 1080
aguucuccag ggccaugaau gagcugcaac ucaaugaugc cgaguuugcc uugcucauug 1140
cuaucagcau cuucucugca gaccggccca acgugcagga ccagcuccag guagagaggc 1200
ugcagcacac auauguggaa gcccugcaug ccuacgucuc cauccaccau ccccaugacc 1260
gacugauguu cccacggaug cuaaugaaac uggugagccu ccggacccug agcagcgucc 1320
acucagagca aguguuugca cugcgucugc aggacaaaaa gcucccaccg cugcucucug 1380
agaucuggga ugugcacgaa ugacuguucu guccccauau uuucuguuuu cuuggccgga 1440
uggcugaggc cugguggcug ccuccuagaa guggaacaga cugagaaggg caaacauucc 1500
ugggagcugg gcaaggagau ccucccgugg cauuaaaaga gagucaaagg guugcgaguu 1560
uuguggcuac ugagcagugg agcccucgcu aacacugugc ugugucugaa gaucaugcug 1620
accccacaaa cggaugggcc ugggggccac uuugcacagg guucuccaga gcccugccca 1680
uccugccucc accacuuccu guuuuuccca cagggcccca agaaaaauuc uccacuguca 1740
aaaaaaaa 1748
<210> 26
<211> 402
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 26
Met Pro His Ser Ala Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Val Gly Leu Glu Ala Ala
1 5 10 15
Glu Pro Thr Ala Leu Leu Thr Arg Ala Glu Pro Pro Ser Glu Pro Thr
20 25 30
Glu Ile Arg Pro Gln Lys Arg Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Pro Lys Met Leu
35 40 45
Gly Asn Glu Leu Cys Ser Val Cys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly Phe His
50 55 60
Tyr Asn Val Leu Ser Cys Glu Gly Cys Lys Gly Phe Phe Arg Arg Ser
65 70 75 80
Val Ile Lys Gly Ala His Tyr Ile Cys His Ser Gly Gly His Cys Pro
85 90 95
Met Asp Thr Tyr Met Arg Arg Lys Cys Gln Glu Cys Arg Leu Arg Lys
100 105 110
Cys Arg Gln Ala Gly Met Arg Glu Glu Cys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu Gln
115 120 125
Ile Arg Leu Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Gln Glu Glu Glu Gln Ala His Ala
130 135 140
Thr Ser Leu Pro Pro Arg Ala Ser Ser Pro Pro Gln Ile Leu Pro Gln
145 150 155 160
Leu Ser Pro Glu Gln Leu Gly Met Ile Glu Lys Leu Val Ala Ala Gln
165 170 175
Gln Gln Cys Asn Arg Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Arg Leu Arg Val Thr Pro
180 185 190
Trp Pro Met Ala Pro Asp Pro His Ser Arg Glu Ala Arg Gln Gln Arg
195 200 205
Phe Ala His Phe Thr Glu Leu Ala Ile Val Ser Val Gln Glu Ile Val
210 215 220
Asp Phe Ala Lys Gln Leu Pro Gly Phe Leu Gln Leu Ser Arg Glu Asp
225 230 235 240
Gln Ile Ala Leu Leu Lys Thr Ser Ala Ile Glu Val Met Leu Leu Glu
245 250 255
Thr Ser Arg Arg Tyr Asn Pro Gly Ser Glu Ser Ile Thr Phe Leu Lys
260 265 270
Asp Phe Ser Tyr Asn Arg Glu Asp Phe Ala Lys Ala Gly Leu Gln Val
275 280 285
Glu Phe Ile Asn Pro Ile Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met Asn Glu Leu
290 295 300
Gln Leu Asn Asp Ala Glu Phe Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Ser Ile Phe
305 310 315 320
Ser Ala Asp Arg Pro Asn Val Gln Asp Gln Leu Gln Val Glu Arg Leu
325 330 335
Gln His Thr Tyr Val Glu Ala Leu His Ala Tyr Val Ser Ile His His
340 345 350
Pro His Asp Arg Leu Met Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys Leu Val Ser
355 360 365
Leu Arg Thr Leu Ser Ser Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe Ala Leu Arg
370 375 380
Leu Gln Asp Lys Lys Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Trp Asp Val
385 390 395 400
His Glu
<210> 27
<211> 1928
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 27
gauucuaacu uagcuaagca augcuacugg agaccauagg caaagccaag guacagcuuc 60
agggaagucu uuggugagcc caucucucau uaccaaggua acgaagcgca gacuccgggc 120
ccgggugggc ggcaucacca ccagguucac gccgagaagg agcuggagga gagccgcccg 180
gcuccagccg gaccgcuugc ccgccaucac cguuguaauc uaugcagcaa acaagcugga 240
acccgcuggg uggcaccugc aagcagccgc ccggacgcac ccacucugcg guggagcugu 300
ggaagccagg cgcacaggau gcaagcagcc aggcccaggg aggcagcagc ugcauccuca 360
gagaggaagc caggaugccc cacucugcug gggguacugc aggggugggg cuggaggcug 420
cagagcccac agcccugcuc accagggcag agcccccuuc agaacccaca gagauccguc 480
cacaaaagcg gaaaaagggg ccagccccca aaaugcuggg gaacgagcua ugcagcgugu 540
guggggacaa ggccucgggc uuccacuaca auguucugag cugcgagggc ugcaagggau 600
ucuuccgccg cagcgucauc aagggagcgc acuacaucug ccacaguggc ggccacugcc 660
ccauggacac cuacaugcgu cgcaagugcc aggagugucg gcuucgcaaa ugccgucagg 720
cuggcaugcg ggaggagugu guccugucag aagaacagau ccgccugaag aaacugaagc 780
ggcaagagga ggaacaggcu caugccacau ccuugccccc cagggcuucc ucaccccccc 840
aaauccugcc ccagcucagc ccggaacaac ugggcaugau cgagaagcuc gucgcugccc 900
agcaacagug uaaccggcgc uccuuuucug accggcuucg agucacgccu uggcccaugg 960
caccagaucc ccauagccgg gaggcccguc agcagcgcuu ugcccacuuc acugagcugg 1020
ccaucgucuc ugugcaggag auaguugacu uugcuaaaca gcuacccggc uuccugcagc 1080
ucagccggga ggaccagauu gcccugcuga agaccucugc gaucgaggug augcuucugg 1140
agacaucucg gagguacaac ccugggagug agaguaucac cuuccucaag gauuucaguu 1200
auaaccggga agacuuugcc aaagcagggc ugcaagugga auucaucaac cccaucuucg 1260
aguucuccag ggccaugaau gagcugcaac ucaaugaugc cgaguuugcc uugcucauug 1320
cuaucagcau cuucucugca gaccggccca acgugcagga ccagcuccag guagagaggc 1380
ugcagcacac auauguggaa gcccugcaug ccuacgucuc cauccaccau ccccaugacc 1440
gacugauguu cccacggaug cuaaugaaac uggugagccu ccggacccug agcagcgucc 1500
acucagagca aguguuugca cugcgucugc aggacaaaaa gcucccaccg cugcucucug 1560
agaucuggga ugugcacgaa ugacuguucu guccccauau uuucuguuuu cuuggccgga 1620
uggcugaggc cugguggcug ccuccuagaa guggaacaga cugagaaggg caaacauucc 1680
ugggagcugg gcaaggagau ccucccgugg cauuaaaaga gagucaaagg guugcgaguu 1740
uuguggcuac ugagcagugg agcccucgcu aacacugugc ugugucugaa gaucaugcug 1800
accccacaaa cggaugggcc ugggggccac uuugcacagg guucuccaga gcccugccca 1860
uccugccucc accacuuccu guuuuuccca cagggcccca agaaaaauuc uccacuguca 1920
aaaaaaaa 1928
<210> 28
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 28
Met Gln Gln Thr Ser Trp Asn Pro Leu Gly Gly Thr Cys Lys Gln Pro
1 5 10 15
Pro Gly Arg Thr His Ser Ala Val Glu Leu Trp Lys Pro Gly Ala Gln
20 25 30
Asp Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala Gln Gly Gly Ser Ser Cys Ile Leu Arg Glu
35 40 45
Glu Ala Arg Met Pro His Ser Ala Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Val Gly Leu
50 55 60
Glu Ala Ala Glu Pro Thr Ala Leu Leu Thr Arg Ala Glu Pro Pro Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Pro Thr Glu Ile Arg Pro Gln Lys Arg Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Pro
85 90 95
Lys Met Leu Gly Asn Glu Leu Cys Ser Val Cys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ser
100 105 110
Gly Phe His Tyr Asn Val Leu Ser Cys Glu Gly Cys Lys Gly Phe Phe
115 120 125
Arg Arg Ser Val Ile Lys Gly Ala His Tyr Ile Cys His Ser Gly Gly
130 135 140
His Cys Pro Met Asp Thr Tyr Met Arg Arg Lys Cys Gln Glu Cys Arg
145 150 155 160
Leu Arg Lys Cys Arg Gln Ala Gly Met Arg Glu Glu Cys Val Leu Ser
165 170 175
Glu Glu Gln Ile Arg Leu Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Gln Glu Glu Glu Gln
180 185 190
Ala His Ala Thr Ser Leu Pro Pro Arg Ala Ser Ser Pro Pro Gln Ile
195 200 205
Leu Pro Gln Leu Ser Pro Glu Gln Leu Gly Met Ile Glu Lys Leu Val
210 215 220
Ala Ala Gln Gln Gln Cys Asn Arg Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Arg Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Val Thr Pro Trp Pro Met Ala Pro Asp Pro His Ser Arg Glu Ala Arg
245 250 255
Gln Gln Arg Phe Ala His Phe Thr Glu Leu Ala Ile Val Ser Val Gln
260 265 270
Glu Ile Val Asp Phe Ala Lys Gln Leu Pro Gly Phe Leu Gln Leu Ser
275 280 285
Arg Glu Asp Gln Ile Ala Leu Leu Lys Thr Ser Ala Ile Glu Val Met
290 295 300
Leu Leu Glu Thr Ser Arg Arg Tyr Asn Pro Gly Ser Glu Ser Ile Thr
305 310 315 320
Phe Leu Lys Asp Phe Ser Tyr Asn Arg Glu Asp Phe Ala Lys Ala Gly
325 330 335
Leu Gln Val Glu Phe Ile Asn Pro Ile Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met
340 345 350
Asn Glu Leu Gln Leu Asn Asp Ala Glu Phe Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile
355 360 365
Ser Ile Phe Ser Ala Asp Arg Pro Asn Val Gln Asp Gln Leu Gln Val
370 375 380
Glu Arg Leu Gln His Thr Tyr Val Glu Ala Leu His Ala Tyr Val Ser
385 390 395 400
Ile His His Pro His Asp Arg Leu Met Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys
405 410 415
Leu Val Ser Leu Arg Thr Leu Ser Ser Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe
420 425 430
Ala Leu Arg Leu Gln Asp Lys Lys Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile
435 440 445
Trp Asp Val His Glu
450
<210> 29
<211> 2093
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 29
ucgucaaguu ucacgcuccg ccccucuucc ggacgugacg caagggcggg guugccggaa 60
gaaguggcga aguuacuuuu gaggguauuu gaguagcggc ggugugucag gggcuaaaga 120
ggaggacgaa gaaaagcaga gcaagggaac ccagggcaac aggaguaguu cacuccgcga 180
gaggccgucc acgagacccc cgcgcgcagc caugagcccc gccccccgcu guugcuugga 240
gaggggcggg accuggagag aggcugcucc gugaccccac cauguccucu ccuaccacga 300
guucccugga uaccccccug ccuggaaaug gccccccuca gccuggcgcc ccuucuucuu 360
cacccacugu aaaggaggag gguccggagc cguggcccgg ggguccggac ccugaugucc 420
caggcacuga ugaggccagc ucagccugca gcacagacug ggucauccca gaucccgaag 480
aggaaccaga gcgcaagcga aagaagggcc cagccccgaa gaugcugggc cacgagcuuu 540
gccgugucug uggggacaag gccuccggcu uccacuacaa cgugcucagc ugcgaaggcu 600
gcaagggcuu cuuccggcgc aguguggucc gugguggggc caggcgcuau gccugccggg 660
guggcggaac cugccagaug gacgcuuuca ugcggcgcaa gugccagcag ugccggcugc 720
gcaagugcaa ggaggcaggg augagggagc agugcguccu uucugaagaa cagauccgga 780
agaagaagau ucggaaacaa cagcagcagg agucacaguc acagucgcag ucaccugugg 840
ggccgcaggg cagcagcagc ucagccucug ggccuggggc uuccccuggu ggaucugagg 900
caggcagcca gggcuccggg gaaggcgagg guguccagcu aacagcggcu caagaacuaa 960
ugauccagca guugguggcg gcccaacugc agugcaacaa acgcuccuuc uccgaccagc 1020
ccaaagucac gcccuggccc cugggcgcag acccccaguc ccgagaugcc cgccagcaac 1080
gcuuugccca cuucacggag cuggccauca ucucagucca ggagaucgug gacuucgcua 1140
agcaagugcc ugguuuccug cagcugggcc gggaggacca gaucgcccuc cugaaggcau 1200
ccacuaucga gaucaugcug cuagagacag ccaggcgcua caaccacgag acagagugua 1260
ucaccuucuu gaaggacuuc accuacagca aggacgacuu ccaccgugca ggccugcagg 1320
uggaguucau caaccccauc uucgaguucu cgcgggccau gcggcggcug ggccuggacg 1380
acgcugagua cgcccugcuc aucgccauca acaucuucuc ggccgaccgg cccaacgugc 1440
aggagccggg ccgcguggag gcguugcagc agcccuacgu ggaggcgcug cuguccuaca 1500
cgcgcaucaa gaggccgcag gaccagcugc gcuucccgcg caugcucaug aagcugguga 1560
gccugcgcac gcugagcucu gugcacucgg agcaggucuu cgccuugcgg cuccaggaca 1620
agaagcugcc gccucugcug ucggagaucu gggacgucca cgagugaggg gcuggccacc 1680
cagccccaca gccuugccug accacccucc agcagauaga cgccggcacc ccuuccucuu 1740
ccuagggugg aaggggcccu gggccgagcc uguagaccua ucggcucuca ucccuuggga 1800
uaagccccag uccaggucca ggaggcuccc ucccugccca gcgagucuuc cagaaggggu 1860
gaaaggguug caggucccga ccacugaccc uucccggcug cccucccucc ccagcuuaca 1920
ccucaagccc agcacgcagu gcaccuugaa cagagggagg ggaggaccca uggcucuccc 1980
cccuagcccg ggagaccagg gccuuccucu uccucugcuu uuauuuaaua aaaacuaaaa 2040
acagaaacag gaaaauaaaa uaugaauaca auccagcccg gagcuggagu gca 2093
<210> 30
<211> 461
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 30
Met Ser Ser Pro Thr Thr Ser Ser Leu Asp Thr Pro Leu Pro Gly Asn
1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Pro Gln Pro Gly Ala Pro Ser Ser Ser Pro Thr Val Lys Glu
20 25 30
Glu Gly Pro Glu Pro Trp Pro Gly Gly Pro Asp Pro Asp Val Pro Gly
35 40 45
Thr Asp Glu Ala Ser Ser Ala Cys Ser Thr Asp Trp Val Ile Pro Asp
50 55 60
Pro Glu Glu Glu Pro Glu Arg Lys Arg Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Pro Lys
65 70 75 80
Met Leu Gly His Glu Leu Cys Arg Val Cys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ser Gly
85 90 95
Phe His Tyr Asn Val Leu Ser Cys Glu Gly Cys Lys Gly Phe Phe Arg
100 105 110
Arg Ser Val Val Arg Gly Gly Ala Arg Arg Tyr Ala Cys Arg Gly Gly
115 120 125
Gly Thr Cys Gln Met Asp Ala Phe Met Arg Arg Lys Cys Gln Gln Cys
130 135 140
Arg Leu Arg Lys Cys Lys Glu Ala Gly Met Arg Glu Gln Cys Val Leu
145 150 155 160
Ser Glu Glu Gln Ile Arg Lys Lys Lys Ile Arg Lys Gln Gln Gln Gln
165 170 175
Glu Ser Gln Ser Gln Ser Gln Ser Pro Val Gly Pro Gln Gly Ser Ser
180 185 190
Ser Ser Ala Ser Gly Pro Gly Ala Ser Pro Gly Gly Ser Glu Ala Gly
195 200 205
Ser Gln Gly Ser Gly Glu Gly Glu Gly Val Gln Leu Thr Ala Ala Gln
210 215 220
Glu Leu Met Ile Gln Gln Leu Val Ala Ala Gln Leu Gln Cys Asn Lys
225 230 235 240
Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Gln Pro Lys Val Thr Pro Trp Pro Leu Gly Ala
245 250 255
Asp Pro Gln Ser Arg Asp Ala Arg Gln Gln Arg Phe Ala His Phe Thr
260 265 270
Glu Leu Ala Ile Ile Ser Val Gln Glu Ile Val Asp Phe Ala Lys Gln
275 280 285
Val Pro Gly Phe Leu Gln Leu Gly Arg Glu Asp Gln Ile Ala Leu Leu
290 295 300
Lys Ala Ser Thr Ile Glu Ile Met Leu Leu Glu Thr Ala Arg Arg Tyr
305 310 315 320
Asn His Glu Thr Glu Cys Ile Thr Phe Leu Lys Asp Phe Thr Tyr Ser
325 330 335
Lys Asp Asp Phe His Arg Ala Gly Leu Gln Val Glu Phe Ile Asn Pro
340 345 350
Ile Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met Arg Arg Leu Gly Leu Asp Asp Ala
355 360 365
Glu Tyr Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Asn Ile Phe Ser Ala Asp Arg Pro
370 375 380
Asn Val Gln Glu Pro Gly Arg Val Glu Ala Leu Gln Gln Pro Tyr Val
385 390 395 400
Glu Ala Leu Leu Ser Tyr Thr Arg Ile Lys Arg Pro Gln Asp Gln Leu
405 410 415
Arg Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys Leu Val Ser Leu Arg Thr Leu Ser
420 425 430
Ser Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe Ala Leu Arg Leu Gln Asp Lys Lys
435 440 445
Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Trp Asp Val His Glu
450 455 460
<210> 31
<211> 1802
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 31
ucgucaaguu ucacgcuccg ccccucuucc ggacgugacg caagggcggg guugccggaa 60
gaaguggcga aguuacuuuu gaggguauuu gaguagcggc ggugugucag gggcuaaaga 120
ggaggacgaa gaaaagcaga gcaagggaac ccagggcaac aggaguaguu cacuccgcga 180
gaggccgucc acgagacccc cgcgcgcagc caugagcccc gccccccgcu guugcuugga 240
gaggggcggg accuggagag aggcugcucc gugaccccac cauguccucu ccuaccacga 300
guucccugga uaccccccug ccuggaaaug gccccccuca gccuggcgcc ccuucuucuu 360
cacccacugu aaaggaggag gguccggagc cguggcccgg ggguccggac ccugaugucc 420
caggcacuga ugaggccagc ucagccugca gcacagacug gggcguccuu ucugaagaac 480
agauccggaa gaagaagauu cggaaacaac agcagcagga gucacaguca cagucgcagu 540
caccuguggg gccgcagggc agcagcagcu cagccucugg gccuggggcu uccccuggug 600
gaucugaggc aggcagccag ggcuccgggg aaggcgaggg uguccagcua acagcggcuc 660
aagaacuaau gauccagcag uugguggcgg cccaacugca gugcaacaaa cgcuccuucu 720
ccgaccagcc caaagucacg cccuggcccc ugggcgcaga cccccagucc cgagaugccc 780
gccagcaacg cuuugcccac uucacggagc uggccaucau cucaguccag gagaucgugg 840
acuucgcuaa gcaagugccu gguuuccugc agcugggccg ggaggaccag aucgcccucc 900
ugaaggcauc cacuaucgag aucaugcugc uagagacagc caggcgcuac aaccacgaga 960
cagaguguau caccuucuug aaggacuuca ccuacagcaa ggacgacuuc caccgugcag 1020
gccugcaggu ggaguucauc aaccccaucu ucgaguucuc gcgggccaug cggcggcugg 1080
gccuggacga cgcugaguac gcccugcuca ucgccaucaa caucuucucg gccgaccggc 1140
ccaacgugca ggagccgggc cgcguggagg cguugcagca gcccuacgug gaggcgcugc 1200
uguccuacac gcgcaucaag aggccgcagg accagcugcg cuucccgcgc augcucauga 1260
agcuggugag ccugcgcacg cugagcucug ugcacucgga gcaggucuuc gccuugcggc 1320
uccaggacaa gaagcugccg ccucugcugu cggagaucug ggacguccac gagugagggg 1380
cuggccaccc agccccacag ccuugccuga ccacccucca gcagauagac gccggcaccc 1440
cuuccucuuc cuagggugga aggggcccug ggccgagccu guagaccuau cggcucucau 1500
cccuugggau aagccccagu ccagguccag gaggcucccu cccugcccag cgagucuucc 1560
agaaggggug aaaggguugc aggucccgac cacugacccu ucccggcugc ccucccuccc 1620
cagcuuacac cucaagccca gcacgcagug caccuugaac agagggaggg gaggacccau 1680
ggcucucccc ccuagcccgg gagaccaggg ccuuccucuu ccucugcuuu uauuuaauaa 1740
aaacuaaaaa cagaaacagg aaaauaaaau augaauacaa uccagcccgg agcuggagug 1800
ca 1802
<210> 32
<211> 364
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 32
Met Ser Ser Pro Thr Thr Ser Ser Leu Asp Thr Pro Leu Pro Gly Asn
1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Pro Gln Pro Gly Ala Pro Ser Ser Ser Pro Thr Val Lys Glu
20 25 30
Glu Gly Pro Glu Pro Trp Pro Gly Gly Pro Asp Pro Asp Val Pro Gly
35 40 45
Thr Asp Glu Ala Ser Ser Ala Cys Ser Thr Asp Trp Gly Val Leu Ser
50 55 60
Glu Glu Gln Ile Arg Lys Lys Lys Ile Arg Lys Gln Gln Gln Gln Glu
65 70 75 80
Ser Gln Ser Gln Ser Gln Ser Pro Val Gly Pro Gln Gly Ser Ser Ser
85 90 95
Ser Ala Ser Gly Pro Gly Ala Ser Pro Gly Gly Ser Glu Ala Gly Ser
100 105 110
Gln Gly Ser Gly Glu Gly Glu Gly Val Gln Leu Thr Ala Ala Gln Glu
115 120 125
Leu Met Ile Gln Gln Leu Val Ala Ala Gln Leu Gln Cys Asn Lys Arg
130 135 140
Ser Phe Ser Asp Gln Pro Lys Val Thr Pro Trp Pro Leu Gly Ala Asp
145 150 155 160
Pro Gln Ser Arg Asp Ala Arg Gln Gln Arg Phe Ala His Phe Thr Glu
165 170 175
Leu Ala Ile Ile Ser Val Gln Glu Ile Val Asp Phe Ala Lys Gln Val
180 185 190
Pro Gly Phe Leu Gln Leu Gly Arg Glu Asp Gln Ile Ala Leu Leu Lys
195 200 205
Ala Ser Thr Ile Glu Ile Met Leu Leu Glu Thr Ala Arg Arg Tyr Asn
210 215 220
His Glu Thr Glu Cys Ile Thr Phe Leu Lys Asp Phe Thr Tyr Ser Lys
225 230 235 240
Asp Asp Phe His Arg Ala Gly Leu Gln Val Glu Phe Ile Asn Pro Ile
245 250 255
Phe Glu Phe Ser Arg Ala Met Arg Arg Leu Gly Leu Asp Asp Ala Glu
260 265 270
Tyr Ala Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Asn Ile Phe Ser Ala Asp Arg Pro Asn
275 280 285
Val Gln Glu Pro Gly Arg Val Glu Ala Leu Gln Gln Pro Tyr Val Glu
290 295 300
Ala Leu Leu Ser Tyr Thr Arg Ile Lys Arg Pro Gln Asp Gln Leu Arg
305 310 315 320
Phe Pro Arg Met Leu Met Lys Leu Val Ser Leu Arg Thr Leu Ser Ser
325 330 335
Val His Ser Glu Gln Val Phe Ala Leu Arg Leu Gln Asp Lys Lys Leu
340 345 350
Pro Pro Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Trp Asp Val His Glu
355 360
<210> 33
<211> 71
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 33
gccaacccag uguucagacu accuguucag gaggcucuca auguguacag uagucugcac 60
auugguuagg c 71
<210> 34
<211> 110
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 34
aggaagcuuc uggagauccu gcuccgucgc cccaguguuc agacuaccug uucaggacaa 60
ugccguugua caguagucug cacauugguu agacugggca agggagagca 110
<210> 35
<211> 80
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 35
cgggaaugcc gcggcgggga cggcgauugg uccguaugug uggugccacc ggccgccggc 60
uccgccccgg cccccgcccc 80
<210> 36
<211> 110
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 36
uuggauguug gccuaguucu guguggaaga cuagugauuu uguuguuuuu agauaacuaa 60
aucgacaaca aaucacaguc ugccauaugg cacaggccau gccucuacag 110
<210> 37
<211> 110
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 37
cuggauacag aguggaccgg cuggccccau cuggaagacu agugauuuug uuguugucuu 60
acugcgcuca acaacaaauc ccagucuacc uaauggugcc agccaucgca 110
<210> 38
<211> 110
<212> RNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 38
agauuagagu ggcugugguc uagugcugug uggaagacua gugauuuugu uguucugaug 60
uacuacgaca acaagucaca gccggccuca uagcgcagac ucccuucgac 110
<210> 39
<211> 71
<212> DNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 39
gatccgacag tagcctgcac attagtcact tcctgtcagt aaccaatgtg cagactactg 60
ttttttgaat t 71
<210> 40
<211> 73
<212> DNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 40
gatccgccca gtgctcagac tacccgtgcc ttcctgtcag gaacaggtag tctgaacact 60
gggtttttga att 73
<210> 41
<211> 69
<212> DNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 41
gatccgcggc gggaacggcg atcggccctt cctgtcagga ccaatcgccg tccccgccgt 60
ttttgaatt 69
<210> 42
<211> 73
<212> DNA
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 42
gatccgtgga agattagtga gtttattatc ttcctgtcag acaacaaaat cactagtctt 60
ccatttttga att 73
<210> 43
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠(Mus musculus)
<400> 43
Thr Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 44
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 44
Ala Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ala Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 45
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 45
Thr Ala Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 46
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 46
Thr Gln Ala Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 47
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 47
Thr Gln Gln Ala Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 48
<211> 14
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 48
Thr Gln Gln Ile Ala Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 49
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 49
Gln Thr Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10 15
<210> 50
<211> 13
<212> PRT
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 50
Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Ile Phe Gln Ala Arg
1 5 10
<210> 51
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的shAPOE
<400> 51
ccgggaagga gttgaaggcc tacaactcga gttgtaggcc ttcaactcct tcttttt 57
<210> 52
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的shAPOE
<400> 52
ccgggcagac actgtctgag caggtctcga gacctgctca gacagtgtct gcttttt 57
<210> 53
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的shDNAJA
<400> 53
ccgggcgaga agtttaaact catatctcga gatatgagtt taaacttctc gcttttt 57
<210> 54
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的shDNAJA4
<400> 54
ccggcctcga cagaaagtga ggattctcga gaatcctcac tttctgtcga ggttttt 57
<210> 55
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的ApoE正向引物
<400> 55
tcatgaggat ccatgaaggt tctgtgggct 30
<210> 56
<211> 29
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的ApoE反向引物
<400> 56
tagcagaatt ctcagtgatt gtcgctggg 29
<210> 57
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的DNAJA4正向引物
<400> 57
atccctggat ccatgtggga aagcctgacc c 31
<210> 58
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的DNAJA4反向引物
<400> 58
taccatgtcg actcatgccg tctggcactg c 31
<210> 59
<211> 19
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP1靶序列
<400> 59
cgaggacgau gacugcuua 19
<210> 60
<211> 19
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP1靶序列
<400> 60
gcuaugaguu uaagaaguu 19
<210> 61
<211> 19
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP8靶序列
<400> 61
cgaggacgau gacugcuua 19
<210> 62
<211> 19
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP8靶序列
<400> 62
gaacuauuca cgccucauc 19
<210> 63
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的ApoE正向引物
<400> 63
tgggtcgctt ttgggattac 20
<210> 64
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的ApoE反向引物
<400> 64
ttcaactcct tcatggtctc g 21
<210> 65
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的DNAJA4正向引物
<400> 65
ccagcttctc ttcacccatg 20
<210> 66
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的DNAJA4反向引物
<400> 66
gccaatttct tcgtgactcc 20
<210> 67
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的GAPDH正向引物
<400> 67
agccacatcg ctcagacac 19
<210> 68
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的GAPDH合成的引物
<400> 68
gcccaatacg accaaatcc 19
<210> 69
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP1正向引物
<400> 69
tttaacagca ccgagtacca g 21
<210> 70
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP1反向引物
<400> 70
caggcagatg tcagagcag 19
<210> 71
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP8正向引物
<400> 71
gctaccctgg ctacgagatg 20
<210> 72
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的LRP8反向引物
<400> 72
gattagggat gggctcttgc 20
<210> 73
<211> 8
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的miRNA种子序列
<400> 73
caguaguc 8
<210> 74
<211> 8
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的miRNA种子序列
<400> 74
ccaguguu 8
<210> 75
<211> 8
<212> RNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的miRNA种子序列
<400> 75
ggcgggga 8
<210> 76
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 76
agtacctcga ggggatcctt gagtcctact c 31
<210> 77
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 77
taattgcggc cgctcagaca gtgtctgcac ccag 34
<210> 78
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 78
taatatctcg agatgtggga aagcctgacc c 31
<210> 79
<211> 32
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 79
caattgcggc cgctcatgcc gtctggcact gc 32
<210> 80
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 80
ttagcctcga gacgccgaag cctgcagcca 30
<210> 81
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 81
ttactgcggc cgctgcgtga aacttggtga atctt 35
<210> 82
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 82
taatatctcg agcgtggtgc ggggcagcgt 30
<210> 83
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 83
caattgcggc cgcttatctc tcataccagc tcaat 35
<210> 84
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 84
gccagcgctg ggaactggca actggtcgct tttgggatta cct 43
<210> 85
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 85
cagcgggaga ccctgtcccc ataccagccg tcctcctggg gtg 43
<210> 86
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 86
tccccgcccc agccgtcctc acagggtgga ccctagttta ata 43
<210> 87
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 87
gggatcggtg gagaagtgcc tattgtgcaa ggggcggggg atg 43
<210> 88
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 88
gtagggggcg gggaacgtgt tatccgtgaa gaggtggcta ggg 43
<210> 89
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 89
cagggccaac ttagttccta acattctgtg cccttcagtg gat 43
<210> 90
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 90
acagtttgta tggactacta tcttaaatta tagcttgttt gga 43
<210> 91
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 91
taattattgc taaagaacta tgttttagtt ggtaatggtg taa 43
<210> 92
<211> 45
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 92
cagctgcacg gaccaggttc cataaaaaca ttgccagcta gtgag 45
<210> 93
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 93
tgagtatttt tgtggcaact gc 22
<210> 94
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 94
ctctgctggg aaagcggc 18
<210> 95
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 95
caagcactct gcgaactgag 20
<210> 96
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 96
aagtttttga aggcaagatg c 21
<210> 97
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 97
gcggtctggc agtaaaaact atc 23
<210> 98
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 98
gtgaaacagc attgctgtca ctt 23
<210> 99
<211> 24
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 99
ctaggccaca gaattgaaag atct 24
<210> 100
<211> 25
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 100
gtaggtggaa attctagcat catcc 25
<210> 101
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 101
gcctagccga gggagagccg 20
<210> 102
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 102
tgtgacttgg gagctctgca gc 22
<210> 103
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 103
gccgccccga ctgcatct 18
<210> 104
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 104
tcagtggagg gaaggaaatg 20
<210> 105
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 105
ttcctgccct ggacacttac 20
<210> 106
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 106
ttgtgcccag tcatagccga at 22
<210> 107
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 107
ccttttctcc ctgacaccg 19
<210> 108
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 108
gcatccatct ggcaggttc 19
<210> 109
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 109
aggtgagatg acaggagatc 20
<210> 110
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 110
ccggccgact gatgttccca cggatctcga gatccgtggg aacatcagtc ggttttt 57
<210> 111
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 111
ccgggcaact caatgatgcc gagttctcga gaactcggca tcattgagtt gcttttt 57
<210> 112
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 112
ccggagagtg tatcaccttc ttgaactcga gttcaagaag gtgatacact ctttttt 57
<210> 113
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 113
ccgggaaggc atccactatc gagatctcga gatctcgata gtggatgcct tcttttt 57
<210> 114
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 114
ccgggcagac actgtctgag caggtctcga gacctgctca gacagtgtct gcttttt 57
<210> 115
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 115
ccgggcaact caatgatgct gagttctcga gaactcagca tcattgagtt gcttttt 57
<210> 116
<211> 58
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 116
ccggtgagat catgttgcta gaaacctcga ggtttctagc aacatgatct catttttg 58
<210> 117
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 117
ccgggaggac actatgacgg aagtactcga gtacttccgt catagtgtcc tcttttt 57
<210> 118
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 118
tgggtcgctt ttgggattac 20
<210> 119
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 119
ttcaactcct tcatggtctc g 21
<210> 120
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 120
agccacatcg ctcagacac 19
<210> 121
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 121
gcccaatacg accaaatcc 19
<210> 122
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 122
gttataaccg ggaagacttt gc 22
<210> 123
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 123
aaactcggca tcattgagtt g 21
<210> 124
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 124
tttgagggta tttgagtagc gg 22
<210> 125
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 125
ctctcgcgga gtgaactac 19
<210> 126
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 126
gaccctggag gctaaggact 20
<210> 127
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 127
agagccttca tcttcgcaat 20
<210> 128
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 128
gcacagtcaa ggccgagaat 20
<210> 129
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 129
gccttctcca tggtggtgaa 20
<210> 130
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 130
gcgctcagct cttgtcact 19
<210> 131
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 131
ctccagccac aaggacatct 20
<210> 132
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 132
gctctgccta catcgtggtc 20
<210> 133
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 133
ctcatggccc agcatctt 18
<210> 134
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 134
atggagcagg gaagaccac 19
<210> 135
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 135
gtaggccgtg ccagaagtt 19
<210> 136
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 136
tcatagctag cgcagagcca ggattcacgc cctg 34
<210> 137
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 137
tggtcctcga ggaaccttca tcttcctgcc tgtga 35
<210> 138
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 138
tagttacgcg tagtagcccc catctttgcc 30
<210> 139
<211> 29
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 139
aatcagctag cccctcagct gcaaagctc 29
<210> 140
<211> 29
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 140
tagttacgcg tagtagcccc ctctttgcc 29
<210> 141
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工(Artificial)
<220>
<223> 合成的引物
<400> 141
aatcagctag cccttcagct gcaaagctct g 31
Claims (75)
1.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中癌症的方法,其中癌症对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂和/或CTLA-4抑制剂耐药,方法包括向受试者施予有效量的LXRβ激动剂或其药学上可接受的盐,以及PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂或CTLA-4抑制剂,其中LXRβ激动剂是:
或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中癌症是卵巢癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胶质母细胞瘤、黑素瘤、膀胱癌、头颈癌、肾细胞癌、结直肠癌、淋巴瘤、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤或肝细胞癌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中黑素瘤还对达卡巴嗪、BRAF抑制剂和/或MEK抑制剂耐药。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中癌症是转移性的。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中以足以增加ApoE的表达水平或活性水平至足以抑制癌症转移进展的水平施予LXRβ激动剂。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法,其中彼此在28天内施予LXRβ激动剂或其药学上可接受的盐,以及PD-1抑制剂或PD-L1抑制剂。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法,其中癌症在用PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂和/或CTLA-4抑制剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测癌症对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂和/或CTLA-4抑制剂耐药。
8.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中转移性癌症的方法,所述方法包括以足以抑制转移性癌症进展的量向受试者施予LXRβ激动剂,所述LXRβ激动剂选自:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中转移性癌症是乳腺癌、肺癌、膀胱癌、头颈癌、肾细胞癌、结直肠癌、淋巴瘤、肝细胞癌或前列腺癌。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中转移性癌症对药物耐药。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中转移性癌症对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、IDO抑制剂、抗激素疗法、抗有丝分裂剂、血管生成抑制剂、威罗菲尼、达卡巴嗪、BRAF抑制剂、MEK抑制剂和/或激酶抑制剂耐药。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其中转移性癌症在用含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、IDO抑制剂、抗激素疗法、抗有丝分裂剂、血管生成抑制剂、威罗菲尼、达卡巴嗪、BRAF抑制剂、MEK抑制剂和/或激酶抑制剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
12.根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测转移性癌症对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、IDO抑制剂、抗激素疗法、抗有丝分裂剂、血管生成抑制剂、威罗菲尼、达卡巴嗪、BRAF抑制剂、MEK抑制剂和/或激酶抑制剂耐药。
13.根据权利要求8-12任一项所述的方法,其中方法不进一步包括同时向受试者施予抗增殖剂。
14.根据权利要求8-12任一项所述的方法,其中方法进一步包括施予额外的抗癌疗法。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中额外的抗癌疗法是含铂化学疗法、免疫调节剂、抗激素疗法、抗有丝分裂剂、血管生成抑制剂和/或激酶抑制剂。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中含铂化学疗法是奥沙利铂、卡铂或顺铂,免疫调节剂是PD-1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、IDO抑制剂和/或PD-L1抑制剂,激酶抑制剂是埃罗替尼或曲妥珠单抗,血管生成抑制剂是贝伐单抗,和/或抗有丝分裂剂是紫杉醇或多西紫杉醇。
17.根据权利要求8-16任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括减少或阻止新的转移性肿瘤的形成,和/或减少、阻止或逆转转移性肿瘤的装载。
18.根据权利要求8-17任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制转移性癌症的转移性定植。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制转移性癌症转移性定植至肺和/或脑。
20.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中耐药性癌症的方法,包括向受试者施予有效量的LXRβ激动剂或其药学上可接受的盐,以及PD-1抑制剂或PD-L1抑制剂,其中所述抑制剂是nivolumab或阿特珠单抗(MPDL3280A),其中所述耐药性癌症是乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌或卵巢癌,并且其中所述LXRβ激动剂是:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述耐药性癌症是转移性的。
22.根据权利要求20或21所述的方法,包括施予额外的抗癌疗法。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述额外的抗癌疗法是抗增殖剂。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述抗增殖剂是VEGF抑制剂、VEGFR2抑制剂和/或CTLA-4抑制剂。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述抗增殖剂是依匹单抗或威罗菲尼。
26.根据权利要求20-25任一项所述的方法,其中以足以减缓所述耐药性癌症扩散的量施予所述LXRβ激动剂。
27.根据权利要求21-26任一项所述的方法,其中以足以增加ApoE的表达水平或活性水平至足以减缓所述耐药性癌症转移扩散的水平施予所述LXRβ激动剂。
28.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中癌症的方法,方法包括向受试者施予有效量的化合物1、2、12或25的任意一种或其药学上可接受的盐,然后施予至少一种随后的抗癌疗法。
29.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中癌症是乳腺癌、结肠癌、肾细胞癌、肺癌、肝细胞癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、食管癌、前列腺癌、肉瘤、膀胱癌或黑素瘤。
30.根据权利要求28或29所述的方法,其中随后的抗癌疗法是外科手术、放射疗法和/或化学疗法。
31.根据权利要求28-30任一项所述的方法,方法进一步包括向受试者施予额外的治疗剂。
32.根据权利要求31所述的方法,其中额外的治疗剂是免疫调节剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂。
33.根据权利要求28-32任一项所述的方法,其中癌症是转移性癌症。
34.根据权利要求33所述的方法,其中已经诊断癌症为转移性的。
35.根据权利要求33或34所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制癌症的进展或转移。
36.根据权利要求28-35任一项所述的方法,其中癌症对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、抗有丝分裂剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
37.根据权利要求28-36任一项所述的方法,其中癌症在用含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
38.根据权利要求28-37任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测癌症对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
39.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中卵巢癌的方法,方法包括以足以抑制卵巢癌对周围组织的侵袭和/或抑制卵巢癌的转移性定植的量向受试者施予LXRβ激动剂,所述LXRβ激动剂选自:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
40.根据权利要求39所述的方法,其中卵巢癌对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、抗有丝分裂剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
41.根据权利要求39或40所述的方法,其中卵巢癌在用含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
42.根据权利要求39-41任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测卵巢癌对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
43.根据权利要求39-42任一项所述的方法,其中方法不进一步包括同时向受试者施予抗增殖剂。
44.根据权利要求39-42任一项所述的方法,其中方法进一步包括施予额外的抗癌疗法。
45.根据权利要求44所述的方法,其中额外的抗癌疗法是免疫调节剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂。
46.根据权利要求39-45任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制卵巢癌对周围组织的侵袭。
47.根据权利要求39-46任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制卵巢癌的转移性定植。
48.根据权利要求47所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制卵巢癌转移性定植至肺和/或脑。
49.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中癌症的方法,方法包括在至少一种在先的抗癌疗法后向受试者施予有效量的LXRβ激动剂,所述LXRβ激动剂选自:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
50.根据权利要求49所述的方法,其中癌症是乳腺癌、结肠癌、肾细胞癌、肺癌、肝细胞癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、食管癌、前列腺癌、肉瘤、膀胱癌或黑素瘤。
51.根据权利要求49或50所述的方法,其中在先的抗癌疗法是外科手术、放射疗法和/或化学疗法。
52.根据权利要求49-51任一项所述的方法,方法进一步包括向受试者施予额外的治疗剂。
53.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中额外的治疗剂是免疫调节剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂。
54.根据权利要求49-53任一项所述的方法,其中已经诊断癌症为转移性的。
55.根据权利要求54所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制癌症的进展或转移。
56.根据权利要求49-55任一项所述的方法,其中癌症对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、抗有丝分裂剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
57.根据权利要求49-56任一项所述的方法,其中癌症在用含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
58.根据权利要求49-57任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测癌症对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
59.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中小细胞癌的方法,方法包括以足以抑制小细胞癌对周围组织的侵袭和/或抑制小细胞癌的转移性定植的量向受试者施予LXRβ激动剂,所述LXRβ激动剂选自:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
60.根据权利要求59所述的方法,其中小细胞癌对含铂化学疗法、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、抗有丝分裂剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
61.根据权利要求59或60所述的方法,其中小细胞癌在用PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂治疗时或治疗后还在进展。
62.根据权利要求59-61任一项所述的方法,其中已经确定或预测小细胞癌对PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、CTLA-4抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂耐药。
63.根据权利要求59-62任一项所述的方法,其中方法不进一步包括同时向受试者施予抗增殖剂。
64.根据权利要求59-62任一项所述的方法,其中方法进一步包括施予额外的抗癌疗法。
65.根据权利要求64所述的方法,其中额外的抗癌疗法是免疫调节剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、抗代谢物、血管生成抑制剂、激酶抑制剂和/或烷化剂。
66.根据权利要求59-65任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制小细胞癌对周围组织的侵袭。
67.根据权利要求59-66任一项所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制小细胞癌的转移性定植。
68.根据权利要求67所述的方法,其中方法包括抑制小细胞癌转移性定植至肺和/或脑。
69.根据权利要求59-68任一项所述的方法,其中小细胞癌是肺癌或前列腺癌。
70.一种治疗有此需要的受试者中黑素瘤的方法,包括:
(a)提高受试者中选自DNAJA4、ApoE、LRPl、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR)和miR-7的转移抑制因子的表达水平或活性水平,或
(b)降低受试者中选自miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF的转移促进因子的表达水平或活性水平。
71.一种测定受试者是否具有转移性黑素瘤或者处于具有转移性黑素瘤的风险的方法,包括
从所述受试者获得样本;
测量样本中(i)选自miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF的转移促进因子的第一表达水平,或(ii)选自DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR)和miR-7的转移抑制因子的第二表达水平;以及
比较所述第一表达水平与第一预定的参考值,或者比较所述第二表达水平与第二预定的参考值;借此,如果(a)所述第一表达水平大于第一预定的参考值至或者(b)所述第二表达水平小于第二预定的参考值,则确定所述受试者具有转移性黑素瘤或者处于具有转移性黑素瘤的风险。
72.一种阵列,包括
具有多个独特位置的支持物,和
下述的任何组合
(i)至少一条核酸,其具有与编码选自miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF或其互补物的转移促进因子的核酸互补的序列,或
(ii)至少一条核酸,其具有与编码选自DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR)和miR-7或其互补组成物的转移抑制因子的核酸互补的序列,
其中,固定每条核酸到支持物的独特位置。
73.一种诊断受试者中黑素瘤的转移可能性的试剂盒,包括
第一试剂,其特异地结合到选自DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR)和miR-7的转移抑制基因的表达产物;或
第二试剂,其特异地结合到选自miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF的转移促进基因的表达产物。
74.一种鉴别用于治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的化合物的方法,包括
(i)获得表达报告基因的测试细胞,所述报告基因由有效地连接到选自miR-199a-3p、miR-199a-5p、miR-1908和CTGF的标记基因的启动子的核酸编码;
(ii)将所述测试细胞暴露于测试化合物;
(iii)测量所述测试细胞中所述报告基因的表达水平;
(iv)将所述表达水平与对照水平比较;和
(v)如果所述比较表明所述表达水平低于所述对照水平,则选择所述测试化合物为用于治疗黑素瘤或用于抑制内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的候选物。
75.一种鉴别用于治疗黑素瘤或抑制内皮募集、细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的化合物的方法,包括
(i)获得表达报告基因的测试细胞,所述报告基因由有效地连接到选自由DNAJA4、ApoE、LRP1、LRP8、肝X受体(LXR)和miR-7组成的组中的标记基因的启动子的核酸编码;
(ii)将所述测试细胞暴露于测试化合物;
(iii)测量所述测试细胞中所述报告基因的表达水平;
(iv)将所述表达水平与对照水平比较;和
(v)如果所述比较表明所述表达水平高于所述对照水平,则选择所述测试化合物为用于治疗黑素瘤或用于抑制内皮募集、癌细胞侵袭或转移性血管生成的候选物。
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