CN109892160A - A kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit - Google Patents
A kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109892160A CN109892160A CN201910288293.0A CN201910288293A CN109892160A CN 109892160 A CN109892160 A CN 109892160A CN 201910288293 A CN201910288293 A CN 201910288293A CN 109892160 A CN109892160 A CN 109892160A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, disclose a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit, including the cultivating stand group being set as by the column support fixed on the ground, the longitudinal pitch of cultivating stand group is 0.4m-0.8m, fluorescent lamp is equipped in cultivating stand group, the top of three transversely arranged adjacent columns is equipped with lateral class S-shaped bracket, the distance of the highs and lows of lateral class S-shaped bracket from the ground is respectively 1.7m-1.93m and 1.58m-1.65m, and the top of cultivating stand group is equipped with the wirerope of horizontal and vertical laying；Traction including passion fruit field planting, culture and branches and tendrils.The present invention expands the growing space of unit area passion fruit branches and tendrils, enhances gross photosynthesis, the fruiting rate of tendril is high, and fruit quality is good；By fluorescent lamp artificial supplementation illumination, the tinctorial yield of passion fruit is improved, promotes the synthesis of fruit polysaccharide, to improve the sugariness of passion fruit；By artificial watering, it is evenly distributed the daily rainfall of passion fruit, guarantees the panel length and quantity of health, improves flowering quality and fruit yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit.
Background technique
Passion fruit also known as passion fruit, passionflower are the torrid zone, subtropical zone evergreen liana for many years, rich in needed by human body
Amino acid, multivitamin, carotenoid, hepatocuprein, selenium and various microelements.Have in passion fruit fruit juice
165 kinds of compounds, constitute peat-reek.Often feeding passion fruit, which has, to refresh the mind, skin maintenance and cosmetic benefits, promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, helping to disappear
Change, relief of constipation, promoting blood circulation, improves immune function of human body, enriching yin and nourishing kidney, eliminates fatigue, hypertension and hyperlipemia, prolongs at preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing
The effect of slow aging, anti-hypertension；Root, stem, the leaf of passion fruit have anti-inflammatory analgetic, blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing and other effects.
Due to passion fruit unique flavor, utility value is high, and supply falls short of demand in market.Passion fruit period out of stock at home, Vietnam
Passion fruit, which is robbed, accounts for domestic market.Since Vietnam is located on the south the tropic of cancer, illumination is sufficient, abundant rainfall, raw compared to the country
The passion fruit of production, Vietnam's passion fruit sugar content is higher, by the favor of consumer.
Carrying out introducing and planting to Vietnam's passion fruit enhances passion fruit if wanting the quality and mouthfeel that reach Vietnam's passion fruit
Photosynthesis and increase rainfall are essential measures.The photosynthesis for enhancing passion fruit includes following method: 1. increase
Light application time；2. increasing the growing space of passion fruit branches and tendrils, increase the gap between branches and tendrils, to enhance the translucency between branches and leaves.
Summary of the invention
Based on problem above, the present invention provides that a kind of can effectively to enhance Vietnam's passion fruit photosynthetic in planting process at home
Act on, improve the introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit of the sugar content of fruit, fruit quality and quality.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit, including the cultivating stand group being set as by the column support fixed on the ground,
Cultivating stand group parallel interval arranges, and the longitudinal pitch between cultivating stand group is 0.4m-0.8m；Ground in cultivating stand group is equipped with
Fluorescent lamp, the direction of illumination of fluorescent lamp upward, the centre of the transversely arranged two rows of columns in cultivating stand group of fluorescent lamp, adjacent day
Spacing between light lamp is 2.5m-4m；Spacing between transversely arranged adjacent columns is 3.2m-4.5m, every row's cultivating stand group
Spacing between the adjacent columns of longitudinal arrangement is 4.3m-5.5m, and the distance of the top of column from the ground is 1.65m-1.7m；It is horizontal
Be equipped with lateral class S-shaped bracket to the top of three adjacent columns of arrangement, the highest point of lateral class S-shaped bracket from the ground away from
From for 1.7m-1.93m, the distance of the minimum point of lateral class S-shaped bracket from the ground is 1.58m-1.65m, and cultivating stand group is longitudinally arranged
The wirerope of horizontal and vertical laying is equipped between the top of the column of column and between the lateral class S-shaped bracket of longitudinal arrangement；
Cultural method is further comprising the steps of:
1) passion fruit plant is colonized on the soil between transversely arranged column, plant plant strain spacing is 2 meters；It is fixed
When plant, base manure is applied into planting pit, and covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, surface mellow soil cladding thickness is 10-
Plant plant is placed on mellow soil and is colonized by 17cm, and layering is banketed, and is stepped on and is tight compact, and root water is watered with after plant, and cover straw；
2) axillary bud in main stem is extractd after field planting is mature in time, smears weekly once, when main stem grows to 40-50cm, sets up
Climbing frame guides cultivating stand group in main stem；
3) it after main stem restocking, cultivates that two level-ones are climing, and artificially adjusts the climing direction of growth of two level-ones, two level-ones are climing
Longitudinal vertical plane where opposite main stem is symmetrically drawn, and the angle between two level-ones are climing is 90 ° -110 °；The above-mentioned climing length of level-one
When to 0.9m-1.3m, pinching, every level-one is climing to cultivate the climing branch female as a result of two second levels respectively, and artificially adjusts two two
The climing direction of growth of grade, two second levels are climing to be located at climing two sides of level-one and climing vertical with level-one；1.5m- is grown to when second level is climing
When 1.9m, pinching, and the climing branch as a result of three three-levels is cultivated respectively in the climing two sides of second level, the three-level of the climing two sides of second level is climing symmetrical
Distribution, the angle between the adjacent three-level in every side is climing is 35 ° -45 °；Then according in the climing growing state of three-level and cultivating stand group
Remaining space promote the climing sprouting level Four of three-level climing and it allowed to naturally droop, branch as a result；
4) during passion fruit cultivation Routine Management, fluorescent lamp is opened as needed, and according to the rainfall in every time
Measure artificial supplementation moisture.
Further, the spring pruning and summer and autumn for planting second year are cut routinely trim mode and are trimmed, and second year is planted
Reservation level-one is climing climing with second level after winter harvests last batch of fruit, and the climing reservation length of second level is 60cm-90cm, remaining whole
Trimmed, at the same cut reserved second level it is climing on thin and weak branch and sick branch, during the later period branches out again, according in step 3)
Mode draw that new pumping comes out three-level is climing and level Four is climing；It is climing more sturdy strong with second level that above-mentioned trim mode keeps level-one climing
Health, the fruiting rate for being allowed to the tendril of rear pumping is higher, and fruit quality is more preferable.
Further, -14 days 7 days before first annual florescence, fluorescent lamp is opened to increase the light of passion fruit plant
According to the time, and according to the opening time of the practical natural lighting time adjustment fluorescent lamp of same day passion fruit, daily total light application time is
9-11h；First florescence start after to before last batch of fruit maturation, daily daytime opens a daylight every 1-1.5h
Lamp, fluorescent lamp each opening time are 2-2.5h.
Above-mentioned technical proposal makes the quantity of illumination of passion fruit close to even up to Vietnam's sheet by the illumination of fluorescent lamp artificial supplementation
The quantity of illumination on ground improves the tinctorial yield of passion fruit, promotes the synthesis of fruit polysaccharide, to improve the sugariness of passion fruit.
Further, the nearly one week rainfall broadcasted according to weather forecast carries out artificial watering, makes daily irrigation amount
With the sum of the quantum of rainfall on the same day between 4mm-6mm.
Above-mentioned technical proposal controls the per day rainfall in passion fruit growth course by artificial watering, guarantees health
Panel length and quantity, improve flowering quality and fruit yield.
Further, the group of the base manure becomes decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, and the decomposed manure is every cave 20-
30kg, compound fertilizer are every cave 1-1.5kg.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: lateral class S-shaped bracket of the invention expands unit area
The growing space of passion fruit branches and tendrils, increases sunlight transmittance rate, to enhance the gross photosynthesis of passion fruit branches and tendrils；Second year
The big-movement in winter is trimmed, and level-one can be made climing and the climing more sturdy health of second level, and the fruiting rate for being allowed to the tendril of rear pumping is higher,
Fruit quality is more preferable；By fluorescent lamp artificial supplementation illumination, compensate for that domestic light application time is short, intensity of illumination is relatively weak lacks
It falls into, the quantity of illumination of passion fruit is made to improve the tinctorial yield of passion fruit close to the quantity of illumination of even up to Vietnam local, promote fruit more
Sugar synthesis, to improve the sugariness of passion fruit；By artificial watering, the per day rainfall in passion fruit growth course is controlled,
It is evenly distributed the daily rainfall of passion fruit, and makes the annual rainfall of passion fruit between 1500mm-2000mm, guarantees health
Panel length and quantity improve flowering quality and fruit yield, improve the content of Zn, P, Fe, the Mn that should contain in passion fruit,
Guarantee the metabolism of passion fruit entirety nutrient and the supply to nutrient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of cultivating stand group of the invention；
Wherein: 1, column；2, cultivating stand group；3, fluorescent lamp；4, lateral class S-shaped bracket；5, wirerope.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit, including what is set up by fixing column 1 on the ground
Cultivating stand group 2,2 parallel interval of cultivating stand group arrange, and the longitudinal pitch between cultivating stand group 2 is 0.4m-0.8m；Cultivating stand group 2
Interior ground be equipped with fluorescent lamp 3, the direction of illumination of fluorescent lamp 3 upward, the transversely arranged two rows in cultivating stand group 2 of fluorescent lamp 3
The centre of column 1, the spacing between adjacent fluorescent lamp 3 are 2.5m-4m；Spacing between transversely arranged adjacent columns 1 is
3.2m-4.5m, the spacing between the adjacent columns 1 of every 2 longitudinal arrangement of row's cultivating stand group are 4.3m-5.5m, the top of column 1 from
The distance on ground is 1.65m-1.7m；The top of the adjacent column 1 of transversely arranged three is equipped with lateral class S-shaped bracket 4, laterally
The distance of the highest point of class S-shaped bracket 4 from the ground is 1.7m-1.93m, the distance of the minimum point of lateral class S-shaped bracket 4 from the ground
For 1.58m-1.65m, between the top of the column 1 of 2 longitudinal arrangement of cultivating stand group and the lateral class S-shaped bracket 4 of longitudinal arrangement
Between be equipped with horizontal and vertical laying wirerope 5；
Cultural method is further comprising the steps of:
1) passion fruit plant is colonized on the soil between transversely arranged column 1, plant plant strain spacing is 2 meters；
When field planting, base manure is applied into planting pit, the group of base manure becomes decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, and decomposed manure is every cave 20-
30kg, compound fertilizer are every cave 1-1.5kg, and are covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave that surface mellow soil cladding thickness is 10-
Plant plant is placed on mellow soil and is colonized by 17cm, and layering is banketed, and is stepped on and is tight compact, and root water is watered with after plant, and cover straw,
Decomposed manure in the present embodiment is every cave 20kg, and compound fertilizer is every cave 1kg, and surface mellow soil cladding thickness is 10cm；
2) axillary bud in main stem is extractd after field planting is mature in time, smears weekly once, when main stem grows to 40-50cm, sets up
Climbing frame guides cultivating stand group 2 in main stem, and the growth length of main stem is 50cm in this step in the present embodiment；
3) it after main stem restocking, cultivates that two level-ones are climing, and artificially adjusts the climing direction of growth of two level-ones, two level-ones are climing
Longitudinal vertical plane where opposite main stem is symmetrically drawn, and the angle between two level-ones are climing is 90 ° -110 °, is in this embodiment
110°；Above-mentioned level-one is climing when growing to 0.9m-1.3m, is 1.3m in this embodiment, pinching, every level-one is climing to cultivate two two respectively
The climing branch female as a result of grade, and artificially adjust the climing direction of growth of two second levels, two second levels are climing be located at level-one it is climing two
Side is simultaneously climing vertical with level-one；It is 1.6m in this embodiment when second level is climing grows to 1.5m-1.9m, pinching, and in the climing two sides of second level
The climing branch as a result of three three-levels is cultivated respectively, and the three-level of the climing two sides of second level is climing symmetrical, between the adjacent three-level in every side is climing
Angle be in 35 ° -45 ° this embodiments be 35 °,；It is then empty according to the residue on the climing growing state of three-level and cultivating stand group 2
Between promote the climing sprouting level Four of three-level climing and it allowed to naturally droop, branch as a result；
4) during passion fruit cultivation Routine Management, the spring pruning and summer and autumn for planting second year cut routinely trim mode progress
Trimming, reservation level-one is climing climing with second level after planting the winter harvest last batch of fruit of second year, and the climing reservation length of second level is
60cm-90cm is 90cm in this embodiment, remaining whole is trimmed, at the same cut reserved second level it is climing on thin and weak branch and disease
During the later period branches out again, it is climing climing with level Four to draw the three-level that new pumping comes out in the way of in step 3) for worm branch；
5) during passion fruit cultivation Routine Management, -14 days 7 days before first annual florescence, with 7 days in this embodiment
It is advisable, opens fluorescent lamp 3 to increase the light application time of passion fruit plant, and according to the practical natural lighting time tune of same day passion fruit
The opening time of whole fluorescent lamp 3, daily total light application time are 9-11h, are 9h in this embodiment；First florescence start after extremely
Before last batch of fruit maturation, daily daytime opens a fluorescent lamp 3 every 1-1.5h, is 1.5h, fluorescent lamp 3 in this embodiment
Each opening time is 2-2.5h, is 2h in this embodiment；
6) it during passion fruit cultivation Routine Management, according to nearly one week rainfall that weather forecast is broadcasted, carries out artificial
Watering, makes the sum of daily quantum of rainfall of irrigation amount and the same day between 4mm-6mm, is 4.5mm in this embodiment,；
Cultivating stand group 2 of the invention constitutes wavy top by lateral class S-shaped bracket 4, compared with conventional flat top support,
Cultivating stand group 2 of the invention expands the growing space of unit area passion fruit branches and tendrils, under the premise of guaranteeing conventional fruiting amount,
The gap between passion fruit branches and tendrils is increased, sunlight transmittance rate is increased, to enhance the gross photosynthesis of passion fruit branches and tendrils；
In addition, the big-movement by the next winter is trimmed, level-one can be made climing and the climing more sturdy health of second level, be allowed to the rattan of rear pumping
Climing fruiting rate is higher, and fruit quality is more preferable；Meanwhile by 3 artificial supplementation illumination of fluorescent lamp, make up domestic light application time it is short,
The relatively weak defect of intensity of illumination makes the quantity of illumination of passion fruit that it is fragrant to improve hundred close to the quantity of illumination of even up to Vietnam local
The tinctorial yield of fruit promotes the synthesis of fruit polysaccharide, to improve the sugariness of passion fruit；By artificial watering, passion fruit growth is controlled
Per day rainfall in the process, is evenly distributed the daily rainfall of passion fruit, and makes the annual rainfall of passion fruit in 1500mm-
Between 2000mm, guarantee the panel length and quantity of health, improve flowering quality and fruit yield, improving should contain in passion fruit
The content of some Zn, P, Fe, Mn guarantee the metabolism of passion fruit entirety nutrient and the supply to nutrient.
It as above is the embodiment of the present invention.Design parameter in above-described embodiment and embodiment is merely to understand table
Invention verification process is stated, the scope of patent protection being not intended to limit the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention is still with it
It is all to change with equivalent structure made by specification and accompanying drawing content of the invention subject to claims, it should all similarly wrap
Containing within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit, including the cultivating stand group set up by the column (1) fixed on the ground
(2), which is characterized in that cultivating stand group (2) parallel interval arranges, and the longitudinal pitch between cultivating stand group (2) is 0.4m-0.8m；
Ground in cultivating stand group (2) is equipped with fluorescent lamp (3), and upward, fluorescent lamp (3) is transversely arranged for the direction of illumination of fluorescent lamp (3)
Spacing between the centre of two rows of columns (1) of cultivating stand group (2), adjacent fluorescent lamp (3) is 2.5m-4m；It is transversely arranged
Adjacent columns (1) between spacing be 3.2m-4.5m, between the adjacent columns (1) of every row's cultivating stand group (2) longitudinal arrangement
Spacing is 4.3m-5.5m, and the distance of the top of column (1) from the ground is 1.65m-1.7m；Transversely arranged three are adjacent to stand
The top of column (1) is equipped with lateral class S-shaped bracket (4), and the distance of the highest point of lateral class S-shaped bracket (4) from the ground is 1.7m-
1.93m, the distance of the minimum point of lateral class S-shaped bracket (4) from the ground are 1.58m-1.65m, cultivating stand group (2) longitudinal arrangement
The wirerope of horizontal and vertical laying is equipped between the top of column (1) and between the lateral class S-shaped bracket (4) of longitudinal arrangement
(5)；
Cultural method is further comprising the steps of:
1) passion fruit plant is colonized on the soil between transversely arranged column (1), plant plant strain spacing is 2 meters；It is fixed
When plant, base manure is applied into planting pit, and covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, surface mellow soil cladding thickness is 10-
Plant plant is placed on mellow soil and is colonized by 17cm, and layering is banketed, and is stepped on and is tight compact, and root water is watered with after plant, and cover straw；
2) axillary bud in main stem is extractd after field planting is mature in time, smears weekly once, when main stem grows to 40-50cm, sets up climbing
Frame guides cultivating stand group (2) in main stem；
3) it after main stem restocking, cultivates that two level-ones are climing, and artificially adjusts the climing direction of growth of two level-ones, two level-ones are climing opposite
Longitudinal vertical plane where main stem is symmetrically drawn, and the angle between two level-ones are climing is 90 ° -110 °；Above-mentioned level-one is climing to be grown to
When 0.9m-1.3m, pinching, every level-one is climing to cultivate the climing branch female as a result of two second levels respectively, and artificially adjusts two second levels
The climing direction of growth, two second levels are climing to be located at climing two sides of level-one and climing vertical with level-one；1.5m- is grown to when second level is climing
When 1.9m, pinching, and the climing branch as a result of three three-levels is cultivated respectively in the climing two sides of second level, the three-level of the climing two sides of second level is climing symmetrical
Distribution, the angle between the adjacent three-level in every side is climing is 35 ° -45 °；Then according to the climing growing state of three-level and cultivating stand group
(2) remaining space on promotes the climing sprouting level Four of three-level climing and it is allowed to naturally droop, as a result branch；
4) during passion fruit cultivation Routine Management, fluorescent lamp (3) are opened as needed, and according to the rainfall in every time
Artificial supplementation moisture.
2. a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that plant second year
Spring pruning and summer and autumn are cut routinely trim mode and are trimmed, and retain level-one after planting the winter harvest last batch of fruit of second year
Climing and second level is climing, and the climing reservation length of second level is 60cm-90cm, remaining whole is trimmed, at the same cut reserved second level it is climing on
Thin and weak branch and sick branch, during the later period branches out again, drawn in the way of in step 3) new pumping come out three-level it is climing
It is climing with level Four.
3. a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is annual first
- 14 days 7 days before florescence, fluorescent lamp (3) are opened to increase the light application time of passion fruit plant, and practical according to same day passion fruit
The natural lighting time adjusts the opening time of fluorescent lamp (3), and daily total light application time is 9-11h；After first florescence starts
To last batch of fruit maturation, daily daytime opens a fluorescent lamp (3) every 1-1.5h, when fluorescent lamp (3) is opened every time
Between be 2-2.5h.
4. a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to weather forecast
Nearly one week rainfall of casting carries out artificial watering, makes the sum of daily quantum of rainfall of irrigation amount and the same day in 4mm-6mm
Between.
5. a kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the group of the base manure
As decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, the decomposed manure is every cave 20-30kg, and compound fertilizer is every cave 1-1.5kg.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766295A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-22 | 贵州省果树科学研究所(贵州省柑橘研究所、贵州省特色果蔬工程技术中心、贵州省火龙果研究所) | Cultivation method of passion fruit |
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