CN109804868A - A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao.This method includes sisal hemp growing area and plot selection, the planning of sisal hemp field, the reclamation of wasteland of sisal hemp field, seedling preparation, transplant planting, replacement, righting, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage, Mao Xu Cao transplant planting, the field management of interplanting Mao Xu Cao and the harvesting of moss.The present invention is long sisal hemp growth cycle, individually plantation when soil and aiming at the problem that illumination serious waste of resources and the habit of Mao Xu Cao happiness yin, the method for interplanting Mao Xu Cao by establishing sisal hemp, not only reasonable distribution space, the planting patterns of time and illumination resource, and realize the efficient utilization of light, heat, water, fertile resource, the invention has the following outstanding advantages: making full use of time and land resource, utilize light, heat, water, fertile resource efficiently, improve farm efficiency, increase per mu yield, promote agricultural development, makes peasant's increasing both production and income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao.
Background technique
Mao Xu Cao (Clerodendranthus spicatus), Labiatae perennial herb, flower, 5~November of fruiting period are main
It is distributed in China tropical and subtropical zone area, is often born at hayashishita humidity, aerial part is used as medicine sweet light slight bitter, has relatively strong anti-
Bacterium, antiinflammation can be such that renal tubule destroys and mitigate, and messangial cell structural lesions are reduced, and complete glomerulus number increases, to kidney
The damage of tissue has protection and improvement result.Mao Xu Cao, also known as kidney tea are the medicinal materials of Guangxi characteristic, and annual growth in 4~October is most
To be vigorous, it can harvest every year 2~3 times, gather in 100~150kg/ per acre.Because it is with important pharmacological action, market
Demand is growing, but it is used on Vehicles Collected from Market be substantially cultivation product, traditional cat's whisker grass planting is mainly that crop field plants
Training, due to summer (autumn) high temperature, the influence of strong solar radiation in its growth course, not only growth is suppressed and enters half
Dormant state, and blade is burnt, and is crimped, is turned yellow or even is fallen off.This planting patterns not only directly affects the production of Mao Xu Cao
Amount, and field high-density planting causes plant defoliation in the summer (autumn) of high temperature, strong solar radiation, influences Mao Xu Cao blade
The content of effective component, therefore it is imperative to explore a kind of new Mao Xu Cao cropping pattern.
Sisal hemp (AgavesisalanaPerr.exEngelm), Agavaceae Agave, perennial plant, in average annual gas
19 DEG C of temperature or more, extreme low temperature is > 0 DEG C average for many years, and the area of 800~2000mm of rainfall can be grown, and optimum temperature 22~
24 DEG C, 1200~1500mm of optimum rainfall；Its fiber has firm coarse, pure white tough and tensile, strength height, moisture adsorption and releasing degree fast,
Wear-resisting, sea water resistance immersion, corrosion-resistant, without electrostatic etc. feature, are widely used in weaving, shipping, elevator, industrial and mineral, automobile manufacture
It is that world today's dosage is maximum, a kind of hard fibre crop widest in area with the industries such as papermaking.Originate in Mexico, China's heat
Band subtropical zone introducing and planting, wherein Guangxi cultivated area is maximum.As the fast development of China's economic society and sisal hemp are fine
Wesy way is continuously increased, and sisal fiber demand continues to increase, and the import volume of Chinese sisal fiber is all increasing every year.However
Sisal hemp is medium-term and long-term crop, and general the 3rd Nian Caineng of field planting, which is opened, to be cut, and the 5th~6 Nian Caineng bears interest, and the 8th~10 year arrives again
It replaces and obsoletes the time.Sisal hemp plantation requires substantial contribution investment from the reclamation of wasteland, seedling, field management, means of agricultural production investment etc.；In addition,
Numb piece harvesting is the large labor intensity by being accomplished manually, high labor cost.Therefore simultaneous again in view of sisal hemp plants physiological property
Ecological benefits and economic value are cared for, carrying out solid cultivation with other crops (medicinal material) to sisal hemp is that the one kind currently urgently established is filled
Divide and carries out the mating plantation of science using spatio-temporal difference and form multi-level, multiple timings patterns of farming to improve planting benefit
Technical thought.
Summary of the invention
Cause quality and yield to decline based on summer (autumn) high temperature, strong solar radiation in above-mentioned Mao Xu Cao field planting to ask
The problem of topic and the big income time length of sisal hemp early investment, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of sisal hemp fields to interplant Mao Xu Cao
Cultural method.
A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao.Include the following steps:
(1) sisal hemp growing area and plot select: at 19 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year >, 1 DEG C of extreme lowest temperature >, annual rainfall >=
800mm, soil thickness >=80cm, the content of organic matter > 2%, level of ground water is hereinafter, well-drained level land or the gradient≤5 °
Carry out plantation sisal hemp to gentle slope；
(2) sisal hemp field is planned: being designed using square or rectangular to the gentle slope of level land or the gradient≤5 °, area 3.5
~6.5hm2, contiguous plant is concentrated, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 1m have windburn location to set up windbreak；
(3) sisal hemp field is opened up wasteland: being chopped at a tree to virgin soil and is dug tree head, clear garden limes, subsoiling, then plow harrow；To radix rehmanniae preparata plow harrow, slope
It cultivates entirely to the gentle slope of≤5 ° of degree, repairs a contour ridge every 15m, forbid to open up wasteland along slope, certain straw cord can be retained with protection against erosion；
(4) seedling prepares: in fine day selection 60~70cm of height of seedling, depositing 35, leaf or more, plant weight 4kg or more, no disease and pests harm
Healthy and strong sisal hemp seedling make field planting material, old root is cut off after lifting and retains 1~1.5cm of old stem, use 40% go out 200 times of liquid of disease prestige and
80% epidemic disease frost 800 times of liquid of spirit are uniformly mixed the spraying treatment symptom of a trend, plant after 2~3d of natural air drying；
(5) transplant planting: in the continuous sunny time in spring, by 1600~2000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate or
30~50kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, 25~35kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, the ratio progress cave that 110~135kg/ mus of lime is applied or ditch spread,
10~15cm of earthing after fertilising；According to predetermined seeding row spacing, level land is using north and south row to hillside fields is risen by horizontal contour principle calibration
Furrow determine cave, and when field planting does not make soil be embedded to blade base, and sisal head not contact fertilizer directly, earthing to be compacted, accomplish " shallow,
Surely, just, directly, together "；
(6) replacement, righting: after field planting, early August current year is patrolled comprehensively, looks into mend righting sisal hemp seedling in time, to scarce
Strain, weak seedling, the timely replacement of diseased plant are planted, and are earthed up to inclination, the timely righting of lodging plant, to guarantee that sisal hemp field grows neat and consistent；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly has zebra disease, stem rot, anthracnose, scale insect, red spider；
(8) weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage: after sisal hemp field carries out thorough weeding, in the ranks according to manure use 800 per acre
~1200kg, 15~30kg of urea, 40~60kg of phosphorus potash fertilizer carry out rotary tillage fining and arrange as base manure, play wide 1~1.5m
Furrow；
(9) Mao Xu Cao transplant planting: high 5~6cm stalwartness Mao Xu Cao seedling that the seedlings nursing plate in 72 caves of selection is cultivated, according to
The specification of 15 × 15cm is colonized in furrow face, and every cave plants 1 plant, and watering soil moisture conservation, raising survives；
(10) it interplants the field management of Mao Xu Cao: carrying out weeding, the work of pre- preventing disease and pest, water in time when arid, the rainy day
Timely drainage waterlogging prevention, in due course top dressing；
(11) harvesting of Mao Xu Cao: buddingging before blooming, fine day harvesting, harvesting cauline leaf shine to seventy percent it is dry after in the morning by it
It is bundled into and ties up, prevent leaf abscission.
Further, the step (2) sisal hemp field planning in the gentle slope of level land or the gradient≤5 ° ground sisal hemp Tian Si
As road, the sisal hemp row more than 140m long will be arranged and vertical traffic route in the ranks, road periphery 6~7m of row distance shelter-forest
Wide 4~6m realizes that trunk roads, branch and pavement are mating, is convenient for mechanized operation；
Further, the measure of the step (7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are as follows:
Zebra disease: fine day is carried out disinfection with 80% epidemic disease frost miraculous cure agent；
Stem rot: being gone out 400 times of medicine liquid spray scarfings of 200 times of disease prestige or 25% carbendazim in 3 days with 40% after cutting leaf,
Medical fluid dosage is 20~25kg/ mus；
Anthracnose: numb field ventilation and penetrating light is held back in holding, continuous rainy days in rainy season, with 1% Bordeaux mixture or with 0.3~0.5%
Carbendazim prevention and treatment；
Scale insect: 1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, 25% quintiofos cream, 2000~2500 times of liquid or 40% flolimat can be used
2500~3000 times of liquid of missible oil are prevented and treated；
Red spider: using AVM hereinafter etoxazole or 1000 times of AVM hereinafter Envidor, 1000 times of acaricidal cream is protected in 8%, 8% speed
Mite missible oil 1000 is flutterred to be prevented and treated again.
The present invention is long sisal hemp growth cycle, individually plantation when soil and aiming at the problem that illumination serious waste of resources and cat
The habit of moss happiness yin, the method for interplanting Mao Xu Cao by establishing sisal hemp, not only reasonable distribution space, time and illumination provide
The planting patterns in source, and realize the efficient utilization of light, heat, water, fertile resource.Compared with existing sisal hemp planting patterns, the present invention
It has the following prominent advantages:
(1) present invention interplants the growth period two kind crops different with the maturity period together, overcomes sisal hemp growth cycle
Disadvantage long, early investment is big, and the interplanting of Mao Xu Cao can not only prevent soil loss water moisture self restraint, and land resource obtains
It makes full use of, moreover it is possible to which the early investment of sisal hemp plantation can be made up by bringing benefits.
(2) two kinds of plant growth height that the present invention interplants are different, and sisal hemp is tall and big to occupy upper space, and Mao Xu Cao is draft
Lower space is occupied, two kinds of crops occupy the different zones of solid space, obtain solid space resource adequately and reasonably
It utilizes, the ecological value fully demonstrates；This method make full use of spatio-temporal difference to carry out the mating plantation of science and formed it is multi-level,
The patterns of farming of multiple timings improves planting benefit；
(3) two kinds of crop interplantings in the present invention, photosynthetic efficiency when than single cropping is high, increases the photosynthetic of crop
Total amount is acted on, yield per unit area is not only increased, also improves the economic benefit of unit area.
In short, the present invention can make full use of time and land resource, utilize light, heat, water, fertile resource efficiently,
Farm efficiency is improved, per mu yield is increased, promotes agricultural development, makes peasant's increasing both production and income.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cropping pattern figure that Mao Xu Cao cultural method is interplanted in sisal hemp field of the present invention.
Specific embodiment formula
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 interplant the cultural method of Mao Xu Cao using sisal hemp field of the present invention, wherein growing area embodiment
1 is level land, and embodiment 2 is the gentle slope of the gradient≤5 °；Embodiment 3 is not planted using the level land of interplanting method of the present invention, kind
3 years per mu yields, mu economic benefit are compared analysis after plant (see Table 1 for details).Using sisal hemp field per acre when method for interplanting cultivation
0.5 mu of Mao Xu Cao of interplanting harvests 120~140kg/ mus according to Mao Xu Cao per acre, and procurement price 30 yuan/kg in market is calculated.
Table 1 is not using the method for the present invention and using 3 years after this method per mu yields and economic benefit situation
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sisal hemp growing area and plot select: at 19 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year >, 1 DEG C of extreme lowest temperature >, annual rainfall >=
800mm, soil thickness >=80cm, the content of organic matter > 2%, level of ground water is hereinafter, well-drained level land carries out plantation sisal hemp；
(2) sisal hemp field is planned: level land uses square _type layout, area 3.5hm2, concentrate contiguous plant, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows
1m has windburn location to set up windbreak；Sisal hemp row of the sisal hemp field surrounding row distance shelter-forest 6m as road, more than 140m long
It is arranged and realizes that trunk roads, branch and pavement are mating with vertical traffic route in the ranks, road width 6m, be convenient for mechanized operation；
(3) sisal hemp field is opened up wasteland: being chopped at a tree to virgin soil and is dug tree head, clear garden limes, subsoiling, then plow harrow；To radix rehmanniae preparata plow harrow；
(4) seedling prepares: in fine day selection 60~70cm of height of seedling, depositing 35, leaf or more, plant weight 4kg or more, no disease and pests harm
Healthy and strong sisal hemp seedling make field planting material, old root is cut off after lifting and retains old stem 1.5cm, use 40% is gone out 200 times of liquid of disease prestige and 80%
Epidemic disease frost 800 times of liquid of spirit are uniformly mixed the spraying treatment symptom of a trend, plant after natural air drying 3d；
(5) transplant planting: in the continuous sunny time in spring, by 1600kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 30kg/ mus of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers,
25kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, the ratio progress cave that 110kg/ mus of lime is applied or ditch spread, earthing 10cm after fertilising；According to predetermined seeding row spacing,
Level land using north and south row to, hillside fields by horizontal contour principle calibration, play a furrow and determine cave, when field planting, does not make soil embedment blade base,
Sisal head not contact fertilizer directly, and earthing to be compacted, and accomplish " shallowly, surely, just, directly, together "；
(6) replacement, righting: after field planting, early August current year is patrolled comprehensively, looks into mend righting sisal hemp seedling in time, to scarce
Strain, weak seedling, the timely replacement of diseased plant are planted, and are earthed up to inclination, the timely righting of lodging plant, to guarantee that sisal hemp field grows neat and consistent；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly has zebra disease, stem rot, anthracnose, scale insect, red spider；Its
In, zebra disease: fine day is carried out disinfection with 80% epidemic disease frost miraculous cure agent；Stem rot: it is gone out disease prestige 200 in 3 days with 40% after cutting leaf
Times medicine liquid spray scarfing, medical fluid dosage are 20kg/ mus；Anthracnose: numb field ventilation and penetrating light is held back in holding, is used continuous rainy days in rainy season
The prevention and treatment of 1% Bordeaux mixture；Scale insect: it can be prevented and treated with 1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, 25% quintiofos cream, 2000 times of liquid；Red spider
Spider: it is prevented and treated again with AVM hereinafter etoxazole or AVM hereinafter Envidor 1000；
(8) weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage: after sisal hemp field carries out thorough weeding, in the ranks according to manure use per acre
800kg, urea 15kg, phosphorus potash fertilizer 40kg carry out rotary tillage fining and arrange as base manure, play the furrow of wide 1m；
(9) Mao Xu Cao transplant planting: the high 6cm stalwartness Mao Xu Cao seedling of the seedlings nursing plate cultivation in 72 caves of selection, according to 15 ×
The specification of 15cm is colonized in furrow face, and every cave plants 1 plant, watering soil moisture conservation (being detailed in attached drawing 1)；
(10) it interplants the field management of Mao Xu Cao: carrying out weeding, the work of pre- preventing disease and pest, water in time when arid, the rainy day
Timely drainage waterlogging prevention, in due course top dressing；
(11) harvesting of Mao Xu Cao: buddingging before blooming, fine day harvesting, harvesting cauline leaf shine to seventy percent it is dry after in the morning by it
It is bundled into and ties up, prevent leaf abscission.
About 1800 yuan of 1st year per mu yield value, the 2nd, the 3 year output value per acre is about 5400 yuan/year, and interplanting Mao Xu Cao 3 years total
12600 yuan/mu of the output value；About 12600 yuan are increased income compared with example 3；Really realize make full use of space and time difference, science match
Set plants and forms multi-level, multiple timings patterns of farming to improve planting benefit, promotion peasant household's increasing both production and income (see Table 1 for details).
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sisal hemp growing area and plot select: at 19 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year >, 1 DEG C of extreme lowest temperature >, annual rainfall >=
800mm, soil thickness >=80cm, content of organic matter > 2%, level of ground water is hereinafter, the gentle slope that the well-drained gradient is 5 °
Carry out plantation sisal hemp；
(2) sisal hemp field is planned: being designed using rectangle to the gentle slope that the gradient is 5 °, 6.5 hm of area2, concentrate and plant in flakes
It plants, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 1m have windburn location to set up windbreak；Sisal hemp field surrounding row distance shelter-forest 7m is more than as road
The sisal hemp row of 140m long, which will be arranged, realizes that trunk roads, branch and pavement are mating with vertical traffic route in the ranks, road width 4m,
Convenient for mechanized operation；
(3) sisal hemp field is opened up wasteland: being chopped at a tree to virgin soil and is dug tree head, clear garden limes, subsoiling, then plow harrow；To radix rehmanniae preparata plow harrow, slope
It cultivates entirely to the gentle slope that degree is 5 °, repairs a contour ridge every 15m, forbid to open up wasteland along slope, certain straw cord can be retained with protection against erosion；
(4) seedling prepares: in fine day selection 60~70cm of height of seedling, depositing 35, leaf or more, plant weight 4kg or more, no disease and pests harm
Healthy and strong sisal hemp seedling make field planting material, old root is cut off after lifting and retains old stem 1cm, use 40% is gone out 200 times of liquid of disease prestige and 80% epidemic disease
White 800 times of liquid of spirit are uniformly mixed the spraying treatment symptom of a trend, plant after natural air drying 3d；
(5) transplant planting: in the continuous sunny time in spring, by 2000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of calcium magnesium phosphate, sulphur
Sour potassium 35kg/ mus, the ratio progress cave that 135kg/ mus of lime is applied or ditch spread, earthing 15cm after fertilising；According to predetermined seeding row spacing, put down
Ground using north and south row to, hillside fields by horizontal contour principle calibration, play a furrow and determine cave, when field planting does not make soil embedment blade base, sword
Numb head not contact fertilizer directly, and earthing to be compacted, and accomplish " shallowly, surely, just, directly, together "；
(6) replacement, righting: after field planting, early August current year is patrolled comprehensively, looks into mend righting sisal hemp seedling in time, to scarce
Strain, weak seedling, the timely replacement of diseased plant are planted, and are earthed up to inclination, the timely righting of lodging plant, to guarantee that sisal hemp field grows neat and consistent；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly has zebra disease, stem rot, anthracnose, scale insect, red spider；Its
In, zebra disease: fine day is carried out disinfection with 80% epidemic disease frost miraculous cure agent；Stem rot: with 25% carbendazim 400 in 3 days after cutting leaf
Times medicine liquid spray scarfing, medical fluid dosage are 25kg/ mus；Anthracnose: numb field ventilation and penetrating light is held back in holding, is used continuous rainy days in rainy season
The prevention and treatment of 0.3~0.5% carbendazim；Scale insect: it can be prevented and treated with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 3000 times of liquid；Red spider: it uses
Acaricidal cream 1000 is protected in 8% to be prevented and treated again；
(8) weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage: after sisal hemp field carries out thorough weeding, in the ranks according to manure use per acre
1200kg, urea 30kg, phosphorus potash fertilizer 60kg carry out rotary tillage fining and arrange as base manure, play the furrow of wide 1.5m；
(9) Mao Xu Cao transplant planting: the high 5cm stalwartness Mao Xu Cao seedling of the seedlings nursing plate cultivation in 72 caves of selection, according to 15 ×
The specification of 15cm is colonized in furrow face, and every cave plants 1 plant, watering soil moisture conservation；
(10) it interplants the field management of Mao Xu Cao: carrying out weeding, the work of pre- preventing disease and pest, water in time when arid, the rainy day
Timely drainage waterlogging prevention, in due course top dressing；
(11) harvesting of Mao Xu Cao: buddingging before blooming, fine day harvesting, harvesting cauline leaf shine to seventy percent it is dry after in the morning by it
It is bundled into and ties up, prevent leaf abscission.
About 2100 yuan of 1st year per mu yield value, the 2nd, the 3 year output value per acre is about 6300 yuan/year, and interplanting Mao Xu Cao 3 years total
14700 yuan/mu of the output value；About 14700 yuan are increased income compared with example 3；Really realize make full use of space and time difference, science match
Set plants and forms multi-level, multiple timings patterns of farming to improve planting benefit, promotion peasant household's increasing both production and income (see Table 1 for details).
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sisal hemp growing area and plot select: at 19 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year >, 1 DEG C of extreme lowest temperature >, annual rainfall >=
800mm, soil thickness >=80cm, the content of organic matter > 2%, level of ground water is hereinafter, well-drained level land carries out plantation sisal hemp；
(2) sisal hemp field is planned: concentrating contiguous plant, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 1m have windburn location to set up windbreak；
(3) sisal hemp field is opened up wasteland: being chopped at a tree to virgin soil and is dug tree head, clear garden limes, subsoiling, then plow harrow；To radix rehmanniae preparata plow harrow, entirely
It cultivates, repairs a contour ridge every 15m, retain certain straw cord with protection against erosion；
(4) seedling prepares: in fine day selection 60~70cm of height of seedling, depositing 35, leaf or more, plant weight 4kg or more, no disease and pests harm
Healthy and strong sisal hemp seedling make field planting material, old root is cut off after lifting and retains old stem 1.5cm, use 40% is gone out 200 times of liquid of disease prestige and 80%
Epidemic disease frost 800 times of liquid of spirit are uniformly mixed the spraying treatment symptom of a trend, plant after natural air drying 3d；
(5) transplant planting: in the continuous sunny time in spring, by 1800kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate
42kg/ mus, 30kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, the ratio progress cave that 125kg/ mus of lime is applied or ditch spread, earthing 15cm after fertilising；According to pre-
Singling line-spacing, level land using north and south row to, hillside fields by horizontal contour principle calibration, play a furrow and determine cave, when field planting is not embedded to soil
Blade base, sisal head not contact fertilizer directly, earthing to be compacted, and accomplish " shallowly, surely, just, directly, together "；
(6) replacement, righting: after field planting, early August current year is patrolled comprehensively, looks into mend righting sisal hemp seedling in time, to scarce
Strain, weak seedling, the timely replacement of diseased plant are planted, and are earthed up to inclination, the timely righting of lodging plant, to guarantee that sisal hemp field grows neat and consistent；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly has zebra disease, stem rot, anthracnose, scale insect, red spider；Its
In, zebra disease: fine day is carried out disinfection with 80% epidemic disease frost miraculous cure agent；Stem rot: with 25% carbendazim 400 in 3 days after cutting leaf
Times medicine liquid spray scarfing, medical fluid dosage are 25kg/ mus；Anthracnose: numb field ventilation and penetrating light is held back in holding, is used continuous rainy days in rainy season
The prevention and treatment of 1% Bordeaux mixture；Scale insect: 25% quintiofos cream, 2500 times of liquid can be used, is prevented and treated；Red spider: it is flutterred with 8% speed
Mite missible oil 1000 is prevented and treated again；
(8) weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage: after sisal hemp field carries out thorough weeding, in the ranks according to manure use per acre
1200kg, urea 30kg, phosphorus potash fertilizer 60kg are as base manure；
Sisal hemp Tian Qian 3 not can be carried out cradle every year, so without yield and economic benefit.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao, which comprises the steps of:
(1) sisal hemp growing area and plot select: at 19 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year >, 1 DEG C of extreme lowest temperature >, annual rainfall >=800mm,
Soil thickness >=80cm, the content of organic matter > 2%, level of ground water is hereinafter, the gentle slopes of well-drained level land or the gradient≤5
Carry out plantation sisal hemp；
(2) sisal hemp field is planned: designed using square or rectangular to the gentle slope of level land or the gradient≤5, area 3.5~
6.5hm2, contiguous plant is concentrated, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 1m have windburn location to set up windbreak；
(3) sisal hemp field is opened up wasteland: being chopped at a tree to virgin soil and is dug tree head, clear garden limes, subsoiling, then plow harrow；To radix rehmanniae preparata plow harrow, the gradient≤
It cultivates entirely to 5 ° of gentle slope, repairs a contour ridge every 15m, forbid to open up wasteland along slope, certain straw cord can be retained with protection against erosion；
(4) seedling prepare: fine day select 60~70cm of height of seedling, deposit 35, leaf or more, plant weight 4kg or more, no disease and pests harm be good for
Strong sisal hemp seedling makees field planting material, and old root is cut off after lifting and retains 1~1.5cm of old stem, and use 40% is gone out 200 times of liquid of disease prestige and 80% epidemic disease
White 800 times of liquid of spirit are uniformly mixed the spraying treatment symptom of a trend, plant after 2~3d of natural air drying；
(5) transplant planting: in the continuous sunny time in spring, by 1600~2000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate or calcium and magnesium phosphorus
30~50kg/ mus of fertilizer, 25~35kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, the ratio progress cave that 110~135kg/ mus of lime is applied or ditch spread, after fertilising
10~15cm of earthing；According to predetermined seeding row spacing, level land using north and south row to, hillside fields is played a furrow and is determined cave by horizontal contour principle calibration,
So that soil is embedded to blade base when field planting, sisal head not contact fertilizer directly, earthing to be compacted, accomplish " it is shallow, steady, just,
Directly, together "；
(6) replacement, righting: after field planting, early August current year is patrolled comprehensively, look into time mend righting sisal hemp seedling, to be short of seedling, it is weak
The timely replacement of seedling, diseased plant is planted, and is earthed up to inclination, the timely righting of lodging plant, to guarantee that sisal hemp field grows neat and consistent；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly has zebra disease, stem rot, anthracnose, scale insect, red spider；
(8) weeding of sisal hemp field, in the ranks rotary tillage: after sisal hemp field carries out thorough weeding, in the ranks according to manure use 800 per acre~
1200kg, 15~30kg of urea, 40~60kg of phosphorus potash fertilizer carry out rotary tillage fining and arrange as base manure, play wide 1~1.5m's
Furrow；
(9) Mao Xu Cao transplant planting: high 5~6cm stalwartness Mao Xu Cao seedling of the seedlings nursing plate cultivation in 72 caves of selection, according to 15 ×
The specification of 15cm is colonized in furrow face, and every cave plants 1 plant, watering soil moisture conservation；
(10) it interplants the field management of Mao Xu Cao: carrying out weeding, the work of pre- preventing disease and pest, water in time when arid, the rainy day is timely
Drainage waterlogging prevention, in due course top dressing；
(11) harvesting of Mao Xu Cao: buddingging before blooming, fine day harvesting, harvesting cauline leaf shine to seventy percent it is dry after tied up in the morning
At tying up, leaf abscission is prevented.
2. a kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(2) sisal hemp field planning in the gentle slope of level land or the gradient≤5 ° ground sisal hemp field surrounding 6~7m of row distance shelter-forest as road
Road, the sisal hemp row more than 140m long will be arranged and vertical traffic route in the ranks, 4~6m of road width.
3. a kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(7) measure of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are as follows:
Zebra disease: fine day is carried out disinfection with 80% epidemic disease frost miraculous cure agent；
Stem rot: being gone out 400 times of medicine liquid spray scarfings of 200 times of disease prestige or 25% carbendazim in 3 days with 40% after cutting leaf, medical fluid
Dosage is 20~25kg/ mus；
Anthracnose: numb field ventilation and penetrating light is held back in holding, continuous rainy days in rainy season, with 1% Bordeaux mixture or with more than 0.3~0.5% bacterium
Spirit prevention and treatment；
Scale insect: 1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, 25% quintiofos cream, 2000~2500 times of liquid or 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution can be used
2500~3000 times of liquid are prevented and treated；
Red spider: using AVM hereinafter etoxazole or 1000 times of AVM hereinafter Envidor, 1000 times of acaricidal cream is protected in 8%, 8% speed flutters mite
Missible oil 1000 is prevented and treated again.
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| CN113207570A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-06 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for planting sisal hemp in sloping field of stony desertification area |
| CN114175954A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-15 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Green prevention and control method for sisal hemp diseases and insect pests |
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Application publication date: 20190528 |