CN109667880B - 液压悬置元件 - Google Patents
液压悬置元件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109667880B CN109667880B CN201711295933.8A CN201711295933A CN109667880B CN 109667880 B CN109667880 B CN 109667880B CN 201711295933 A CN201711295933 A CN 201711295933A CN 109667880 B CN109667880 B CN 109667880B
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
- B60K5/12—Arrangement of engine supports
- B60K5/1208—Resilient supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
- F16F13/106—Design of constituent elastomeric parts, e.g. decoupling valve elements, or of immediate abutments therefor, e.g. cages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
- F16F13/1463—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by features of passages between working chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/22—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper characterised by comprising also a dynamic damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/26—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/3415—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages characterised by comprising plastics, elastomeric or porous elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
- B60K5/12—Arrangement of engine supports
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有单向阻尼隔膜的液压悬置元件。在隔膜中形成孔,并且将具有彼此不同的上部和下部的单向封闭装置插入孔中以控制流体的流动。单向封闭装置包括:本体,其间歇地封闭形成于隔膜的中心的孔的下侧;柱部,其竖直地形成于本体的中心;以及移动封闭装置,其形成于柱部的上部并封闭孔的上侧。
Description
相关申请的交叉引证
本申请要求于2017年10月16日向韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2017-0133732号的优先权,其全部内容通过引证结合于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件。
背景技术
通常,车辆的发动机由于通过活塞的上下运动引起的发动机的中心位置的周期性变化和在气缸的轴向方向上施加至往复运动零件的惯性力、当使连接杆围绕曲柄轴向左和向右坠下时出现的惯性力及施加至曲柄轴的旋转力的周期性变化的原因而总是在结构上发生振动。
振动的原因并不单独地作用,而是总是以复杂的方式作用,使得发动机向上和向下及向左和向右振动。特别地,具有少量气缸的发动机比具有大量气缸的发动机振动得更大,并且与当发动机高速运行时相比,当发动机低速运行时发动机振动得更大。
如上所述,当发动机运行时,振动不可避免地出现,并且将发动机产生的振动通过安装有发动机车身传递到车辆内部。传递到车辆内部的振动对乘客造成不适并使令人愉快的驾驶环境变差,如果振动剧烈,那么乘客的身体可能严重地受伤。
此部分的公开内容是提供本发明的背景技术。申请人注意到,此部分可能包含在本申请之前可获得的信息。然而,通过提供此部分,申请人并不承认此部分中包含的信息构成现有技术。
在发动机和车身之间提供具有防振功能的发动机悬置元件,以防止将振动传递到车身。存在通过使用橡胶制造的橡胶发动机悬置元件、在其中封装具有粘性的液体以提高振动阻尼力的液压发动机悬置元件,以及充满空气而不是液体以确保阻尼效果的空气阻尼悬置元件。
与流体发动机悬置元件相比,橡胶发动机悬置元件是便宜的,但是在阻尼特性上有缺点。流体发动机悬置元件具有优点,因为流体发动机悬置元件相对于流体质量来说通过阻尼效果来隔离振动和噪声,但是流体发动机悬置元件是有缺点的,因为流体发电机组比较昂贵。
空气阻尼悬置元件与橡胶发动机悬置元件相比成本是缺点,但是与流体发动机悬置元件相比成本是优点,空气阻尼悬置元件与流体发动机悬置元件相比性能是缺点,但是与橡胶发动机悬置元件相比性能是优点。假设空气阻尼悬置元件的操作室具有与流体阻尼悬置元件的大小和形状相似的大小和形状,空气阻尼悬置元件具有比流体阻尼悬置元件差的性能,因为将具有比油差的特性(例如粘性)的空气用作工作流体。
为了解决这些问题,在WO 2004/031608和日本专利申请公开第2002-349631号和第2001-214953号中公开的相关技术中的发明,相对于相同的振动变化采用通过增加在操作室之间流动的流体的量来增加摩擦阻尼的方法,为此,增加悬置元件的直径。
然而,由于工作流体是空气(其是压缩流体),所以在相关技术中的空气阻尼悬置元件中,在低频振动的情况中当空气通过模具通道时,通过摩擦阻尼表现出阻尼性能,但是在以预定频率或更高频率振动的情况中,空气不通过模具通道。为此,阻尼性能变差,并且形成与密封工作室的情况类似的情况,使得增加工作室中的压力,并增加悬置元件的硬度。
因此,作为用于解决这些问题的解决方案,已经开发了在韩国专利第10-1262412号中公开的“带有可变有效面积的空气阻尼悬置元件”。
如图1中举例说明的,阻尼悬置元件包括:发动机悬置单元,固定到发动机;主橡胶件,耦接到发动机悬置单元的下侧并使从发动机传递的振动衰减;上室,安装在主橡胶的下侧以充满空气并具有穿透地形成于底面的一侧以允许空气向内和向外流动的模具通道;工作室,安装在上室的下侧以充满空气并具有穿透地形成于一侧以与外部空气连通的外部空气连接孔;刚性室,安装在工作室的下侧以充满空气并具有穿透地形成于上表面的一侧以与工作室连通的安装孔;多个传压管,允许刚性室和上室彼此连通使得填充刚性室和上室的空气可流动;以及有效面积控制杆,安装在刚性室中,同时穿透安装孔以可向上和向下移动,并改变模具通道的有效面积,该有效面积是空气在根据刚性室中的压力向上和向下移动的同时通过其流过模具通道的实际面积,刚性室中的压力根据上室中的压力而变化。
当上室中的压力增加时,当刚性室的内部压力等于或高于板簧的硬度时,与压力的增加成比例地降低带有可变有效面积的空气阻尼悬置元件,并且当上室中的压力减小时,当刚性室的内部压力等于或小于板簧的硬度时,空气阻尼悬置元件回到原始位置。隔板部分在根据刚性室中的压力向上和向下移动的同时移动有效面积控制杆,刚性室中的压力根据上室中的压力的变化而变化,从而改变模具通道的有效面积。
然而,隔板部分接收从上室或刚性室流动的流体的压力,因为使控制杆与隔板部分形成一体,并且在此情况中,具有圆锥形形状的操作单元趋向于由于液体压力等的不平衡而无法适当地阻塞安装孔。
[相关技术的文献]
1.美国专利No.4,679,776(1987年7月14日)
2.日本专利申请公开No.2002-349631(2002年12月4日)
3.日本专利申请公开No.2001-214953(2001年8月10日)
4.韩国专利No.10-1262412(2013年5月2日)
5.韩国专利No.10-1769304(2017年8月11日)
发明内容
本发明涉及一种具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件,其中,在隔膜中形成孔,并且将具有彼此不同的上部和下部的单向封闭装置插入孔以控制流体的流动。
本发明已经致力于提供一种具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件,其中,在隔膜中形成孔,并且在孔中安装由诸如绝缘体或硅胶材料的软材料制成的单向封闭装置,使得当流体流入下液体室时,当单向封闭装置进入形成于隔膜中的孔时可形成低动态特性,并且当孔由单向封闭装置封闭时可获得高阻尼值,使得当流体流入上液体室时流体仅流入孔口。
本发明的一个实施例提供一种液压悬置元件,包括:发动机悬置元件10,具有插入壳体20并固定到发动机的中心螺栓;主橡胶件11,设置于发动机悬置元件的外周面;以及隔膜30,响应于主橡胶的弹性行为而振动并将内部分成上液体室和下液体室,从而通过吸收施加至车辆的冲击并由此防止对车身造成损坏或者保持部件的耦接状态,对坐在车辆中的驾驶员提供舒适的驾乘质量。在隔膜30的中心部分形成通孔31,使得流体通过外部压力流入上液体室和下液体室,并且在通孔31中安装单向封闭装置100。单向封闭装置100包括:本体110,间歇地封闭形成于隔膜30的中心的孔31的下侧;柱部120,竖直地形成于本体的中心;以及移动封闭装置130,形成于柱部的上部并封闭通孔31的上侧。
根据本发明的实施例的具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件可具有以下效果。
首先,由于在隔膜中安装单向封闭装置,使得当流体流入下液体室时,当单向封闭装置进入形成于隔膜中的孔时可形成低动态特性,并且当孔由单向封闭装置封闭时可获得高阻尼值,使得当流体流入上液体室时流体仅流入孔口。
其次,在隔膜的中心安装单向封闭装置,在单向封闭装置的上部形成纵向突起部,并且在单向封闭装置的下部形成横向输出部分,使得流体的流动可改变(在低频带、中频带和高频带中)。
第三,金属材料嵌入构成单向封闭装置的本体和柱部中的任意一个或两个中,以便单向封闭装置可用作动态阻尼器。
第四,嵌入有金属材料的单向封闭装置使悬置元件的共振区域移动至低频带,从而易于使共振区域与车辆振动频率分开。
附图说明
图1是举例说明了用于车辆的发动机悬置元件的截面的视图。
图2是举例说明了安装根据本发明的实施例的具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件的状态的截面图。
图3是仅举例说明了根据本发明的实施例的单向封闭装置的立体图。
图4A和图4B举例说明了安装有根据本发明的实施例的单向封闭装置的隔膜。
图5A和图5B是举例说明了根据本发明的实施例的单向封闭装置的操作的截面图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参考附图详细地描述本发明的实施例,使得本发明所属领域中的技术人员可简单地执行本发明。然而,本发明可以各种不同的方式实现,不限于本文描述的实施例。
将省略与描述无关零件以清楚地描述本发明的实施例,并且相同或相似的构成元件在说明书中将用相同的参考数字表示。
在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语或词语不应解释为限制于一般含义或字典含义,应该基于发明人可适当地定义术语的概念以通过最佳方法描述他自己的/她自己的发明而解释为符合本发明的技术实质的含义和概念。
在下文中,将参考附图详细地描述本发明的实施例。
根据本发明的一个方面,公开了一种用于将发动机安装在车架上的液压悬置元件。液压悬置元件包括两个液体室——上液体室和下液体室。插入液体室之间的弹性隔膜30具有连接上液体室和下液体室的通孔31。
在实施例中,当没有外部振动传递到液压发动机悬置元件时,插入通孔31中的刚性封闭件100((相对于通孔31)在其封闭位置)阻挡上液体室和下液体室之间的液体连通。在实施例中,响应于从下液体室的底部向上的振动,刚性封闭件100从封闭位置提起至打开位置,以允许上液体室和下液体室之间的液体连通,使得对向上的振动提供阻尼。
在实施例中,响应于从上液体室的顶部施加的向下的振动,封闭件100与接触封闭件100的隔膜的部分一起向下移动。然而封闭件100保持其相对于通孔31的封闭位置,使得保持上液体室和下液体室之间的断开,不管封闭件100如何向下移动。因此,在两个液体室之间横穿隔膜通过孔31的流动限制于从下液体室到上液体室的一个方向,使得液压悬置元件的阻尼是单向的(响应于从底部向上的振动,而不响应于从顶部向下的振动)。
如在图2中举例说明的,根据本发明的实施例的具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件相比于相关技术基本,该液压悬置元件包括:发动机悬置元件10,其具有插入壳体20并固定到发动机的中心螺栓;主橡胶件11,其设置于发动机悬置元件的外周面;以及隔膜30,其响应于主橡胶件的弹性行为而振动并将内部分成上液体室和下液体室。
在一些实施例中,在隔膜30的中心部分形成通孔31,使得流体通过外部压力流入上液体室和下液体室,并且在通孔31中安装单向封闭装置100。
更详细地,单向封闭装置100由绝缘体或硅胶材料制成,并且如在图3或者图4A和图4B中举例说明的,本体110形成为间歇地封闭形成于隔膜30的中心的通孔31的下侧,并在本体110的中心处竖直地形成柱部120。
在柱部120的上部整体地形成移动封闭装置130,其用于封闭形成于隔膜30中的通孔31的上侧。
在此情况中,本体110的上部具有圆锥形形状,该圆锥形形状整体地具有倾斜表面,并且环形突起部111围绕柱部120的中心以相等的间隔突出。另外,移动封闭装置130的下部具有倒置的圆锥形形状,并且多个纵向突起部131以相等的间隔突出。纵向突起部131是长带(long band)形式的突起部并用于在流体从上液体室流至下液体室时,允许流体流过形成于隔膜30中的通孔31,即,纵向突起部131用作双孔(dual orifice)。
因此,如上所述,通过由双孔产生的动态特性使得目标频率能够二元化,并且当流体流动时减小阻力,从而可建立动态特性。
另外,当环形突起部111封闭形成于隔膜30中的通孔31时,优选地阻止从上液体室流至下液体室的流体的流动,并且仅将流体的流动引导至孔口,从而确保高阻尼特性。
如在图5A中举例说明的,隔膜30的上表面具有:第一倾斜部分30a,其与构成单向封闭装置100的移动封闭装置130的下部接触;孔口32,其具有与本体110接触的第二倾斜部分30b,第二倾斜部分安装在隔膜30的下表面上;并且第一倾斜表面30a和第二倾斜表面30b朝向通孔31倾斜。
图4A是用于说明各种流路的视图,并且图4A和图4B是举例说明了在形成于隔膜中的孔口中安装单向封闭装置的状态的视图。如在图4A中举例说明的,在隔膜30中形成第一流路L1以将上液体室中的流体运送到下液体室,在中心形成的通孔31用作第二流路L2,并且在第一流路L1和第二流路L2之间形成包括多个突起部和多个孔的第三流路L3。
在此情况中,突起部具有各自形状和高度,使得可根据突起部的高度和形状而实现低动态特性。
金属材料嵌入构成单向封闭装置100的本体110和柱部120中的任意一个或两个中,从而允许单向封闭装置100用作动态阻尼器。
通过此性能,悬置元件的共振区域转移至低频带,使得共振区域更易于从车辆振动频率分开。
因此,如在图4A和图4B中举例说明的,在根据本发明的具有单向阻尼膜的液压悬置元件中,在隔膜30中形成三条流路,即,第一流路L1、第二流路L2和第三流路L3,使得当流体流过第一流路L1时,能够通过调节流路的长度和大小来确保低频区域中的动态特性和损耗系数(loss factor)。
图5A是举例说明了液体从上液体室流至下液体室的状态的视图,并且图5B是举例说明了升高单向封闭装置以封闭流路的状态的视图。
如在图5A和图5B中举例说明的,在形成于隔膜30的中心的通孔31中安装单向封闭装置100,使得当流体流过第二流路L2时,流体可从上液体室流至下液体室,但是阻止流体从下液体室到上液体室的流动,从而确保高损耗系数。
也就是说,如在图5B中举例说明的,形成于本体110上的环形突起部111紧紧地阻塞孔口32的下倾斜表面30b,从而阻塞箭头方向上的附加流路,从而根据惯性阻尼器而确保高阻尼性能。
因此,可能在中频区域中获得低动态特性和高损耗系统。
形成于孔口32上的多个突起部具有不同的形状和不同的高度,使得当流体流过第三流路L3时,流体间歇地流动。流体的此流动可实现低动态特性,并且此方法与实现构成现有浮动类型隔膜的流体悬置元件的性能的方法相同。
金属材料可嵌入构成单向封闭装置100的本体110和柱部120中的任意一个或两个,从而允许单向封闭装置100用作动态阻尼器。通过此性能,使悬置元件的共振区域移动至低频带,从而使得共振区域更易于从车辆振动频率分开。
虽然已经参考其实施例和附图描述了本发明,但是在本发明的实质和范围内可实施不同的实施例。因此,应解释为本发明的范围由所附权利要求书定义,不限于本说明书中公开的特定实施例。
Claims (5)
1.一种液压悬置元件,包括:
发动机悬置元件,包括中心螺栓,所述中心螺栓插入壳体中以将所述发动机悬置元件固定到发动机;
主橡胶件,设置于所述发动机悬置元件的外周面处;以及
单向隔膜,构造为响应于所述主橡胶件的弹性行为而振动并将所述液压悬置元件的内部空间分成上液体室和下液体室,
其中,在所述单向隔膜的中心部分处形成有通孔,使得流体通过外部压力流入所述上液体室和所述下液体室,并且
其中,在所述通孔中安装单向封闭装置,使得仅能够在一个方向上产生阻尼,
其中,所述单向封闭装置包括:
本体,构造为间歇地封闭形成于所述单向隔膜的中心处的所述通孔的下侧;
柱部,竖直地形成于所述本体的中心;以及
移动封闭装置,形成于所述柱部的上部并构造为封闭形成于所述单向隔膜中的所述通孔的上侧,
其中,所述移动封闭装置的下部具有倒置的圆锥形形状并具有以相等间隔形成的多个纵向突起部,所述纵向突起部用于在流体从所述上液体室流至所述下液体室时,允许流体流过形成于所述单向隔膜中的所述通孔,
其中,所述本体的上部具有倾斜表面并具有围绕所述柱部的中心以相等间隔突出的环形突起部,当所述环形突起部封闭形成于所述单向隔膜中的所述通孔时,阻止从所述上液体室流至所述下液体室的流体的流动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液压悬置元件,其中,所述单向封闭装置由绝缘体或硅胶材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液压悬置元件,其中,所述单向隔膜的上表面具有第一倾斜部分,所述第一倾斜部分与所述移动封闭装置的下部接触,并且所述单向隔膜的下表面具有与所述本体接触的第二倾斜部分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液压悬置元件,其中,所述单向隔膜包括:
第一流路,形成为将所述上液体室中的流体传送到所述下液体室;
第二流路,形成于所述单向隔膜的中心处,并且所述单向封闭装置安装在所述第二流路中;以及
第三流路,安装在所述第一流路和所述第二流路之间并具有多个突起部和多个孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的液压悬置元件,其中,金属材料嵌入到形成所述单向封闭装置的所述本体和所述柱部中的任意一个或两个中,从而使所述单向封闭装置用作动态阻尼器。
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