CN109650997A - A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method - Google Patents
A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method Download PDFInfo
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- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering methods, the specific steps are that: it levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer, cover mulch 7 days；It is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；Before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, within growth period, spray within every 10-15 days foliar fertilizer 1 time；In growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, every 10-15 days application rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.The present invention is inhibited by way of the multiple-microorganisms synergistic effects such as nematode-trapping fungi, bacillus, Filamentous bacillus, kills root-knot nematode, and compared with Agro-chemicals control method, use is safe, and effect is lasting, while can effectively improve plant products；It is applied widely, it is easy to operate, save planting cost, cost of labor；The growth strength of root system of plant and the toughness of root system tissue can be enhanced, plant is improved to the resistance of pest and disease damage, the incidence of insect pest is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention patent relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method.
Background technique
Root-knot nematode is a kind of omnivorousness plant pathogeny line insect of highly-specialised type.The various vegetables of root-knot nematode main harm
The root of dish, shows as lateral root and fibrous root more normally increases, and forms spherical or cone on the root of young root and differ in size
White root nodule, some be in beads shape.Killed plant above ground portion growth is short and small, slow, leaf color is abnormal, result is few, low output, very
It is dead to causing plant to do sth. in advance.Root-knot nematode gonochorism, larva is linear in elongated vermiform, male imago, and tail end is slightly round, colourless
Transparent, 1.0-1.5 × 0.03-0.04 millimeters of size, female adult pest pyriform is imbedded in host tissue more, and size 0.44-1.59 ×
0.26-0.81 millimeters.It is currently known the nematode for endangering plant, mainly there is high bow root-knot nematode, peanut root-knot nematode, northern root knot
Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, javanese root knot nematode and beet root-knot nematode etc..Nematosis is in extensive range, often cause harm it is melon,
Tens kinds of vegetables such as solanaceous vegetables, beans and radish, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, moreover it is possible to propagate some fungies and bacterial disease.
Traditional control method is mainly Control By Crop Rotation and Agro-chemicals control method at present, and crop rotation is pest-resistant selected to make owner
If vegetables such as green onion, garlic, leek, capsicums, single variety is less economical, should not be widely applied, and can not to perennial crop
It realizes；Chemical agent such as 10% line phosphorus, 3% meter Le Er, 5% ethoprophos, 0.5% avermectin etc., although the short time has one to nematode
Fixed inhibiting effect, but the crop long to growth period, long-acting can not keep, and inhibit root growth after being administered, cause the underproduction.Cause
This, effectively preventing for root-knot nematode is agricultural planting aspect urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering methods.This
Inventive method uses biological organic fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, rinsing fertilization of amino acid collective effect, provides battalion abundant to the growth of crop
It supports, promotes root system development；Inhibited simultaneously using the effect of complex microorganism, kill nematode and harmful bacteria, improves soil activation, it is right
People, animal, plant are safe and effect is lasting, free from environmental pollution.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method, includes the following steps:
(1) it levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer into soil according to the usage amount of 300-400kg per acre, after mixing, cover
Lid mulch 7 days；
(2) it is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；
(3) before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, later within growth period, spray leaf within every 10-15 days
Leaven 1 time；500 times are diluted with water before spraying, sprays 100-150 milliliters per acre；
(4) in growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, every 10-15 days application rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.
Wherein, biological organic fertilizer described in step (1) be chicken manure, it is cow dung, stalk, edible fungi leftovers, turfy soil, compound
Ferment that microbial bacterial agent, hay bacillus are extracted, biological organic fertilizer made from starch compost fermentation；The biological organic fertilizer has
Machine matter content >=50wt%, beneficial to viable count >=1 × 107cfu/g。
Further, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 300 parts of chicken manure, 300 parts of cow dung, 200 parts of stalk,
100 parts of edible fungi leftovers, 100 parts of turfy soil layerings are stacked into wide 3 meters, high 1 meter of triangle pile；By composite microbial bacteria
20 parts of 2 parts of ferment that 21.5 parts of agent is extracted with hay bacillus, starch uniform mixings, are sprinkling upon a pile surface；With turner come returning
It throws 3 times, turns within every 5 days later throwing 1 time, ferment 30 days, biological organic fertilizer is made；
The complex micro organism fungicide includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3.5 parts of saccharomycete, 3.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces 3.5
Part, 3.5 parts of nematode-trapping fungi, Filamentous 3.5 parts of bacillus, 4 parts of bacillus.
Further, the bacillus is the mixing of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis
Object；
The foliar fertilizer is the organic foliar fertilizer containing amino acid, total amino acid content >=100g/L；
The rinsing fertilization of amino acid is squid leftover bits and pieces, fish head fish-bone, shell leftover bits and pieces, biogas slurry after protease hydrolyzed, with first
Shell element, composite aminophenol powder, blackstrap, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate mixing, are made through turquoise algae, actinomycete fermentation；
Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the rinsing fertilization of amino acid, calcium, magnesium total content >=30g/L.
The present invention using agricultural waste fermentation breeding nematode-trapping bacterium, Filamentous bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces,
The microorganisms such as bacillus inhibit using the synergistic effect of complex microorganism, kill nematode, realize to plant root-knot nematode
Prevention and treatment.Nematode-trapping bacterium is a kind of fungi that can prey on, poison nematode, and in predation, nematode-trapping bacterium can crimp body shape
Circlewise snare, while the liquid for secreting some viscosity attracts nematode.It is caught in ring when nematode enters, nematode-trapping bacterium can receive automatically
It tightly catches ring to fasten nematode, mucus also sticks nematode, and bacterium line penetrates epidermis, and absorbs the content in nematode, clears up nematode；Bud
The extracellular protease that the breeding of spore bacillus generates can lead to the destruction of nematode epidermal, can speed up the resolution of nematode, effectively kill
It goes out nematode；Filamentous bacillus breeding also can inhibit the growth of nematode, is played a role jointly by multiple-microorganism, reaches inhibition cause of disease
Bacterium prevents and treats the effect of root-knot nematode.
The application of biological organic fertilizer, foliar fertilizer and rinsing fertilization of amino acid provides amino acid, vitamin, core for plant growth
A variety of nutrition such as acid, heteroauxin, gibberellin and physiological activator, can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil
Aeration and viscosity structure establish good soil micro-ecosystem system, on the one hand can directly inhibit the growth of root-knot nematode, and one
Aspect can improve plant to the resistance of pest and disease damage by enhancing the growth strength of root system of plant and the toughness of root system tissue, from
And the incidence of insect pest is effectively reduced.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. root knot nematode control method provided by the invention inhibits in such a way that complex microorganism acts synergistically, kills root knot line
Worm, compared with Agro-chemicals control method, use is safe, and effect is lasting, will not be to plant and environmental danger, while can have
Effect improves plant products；
2. root knot nematode control method provided by the invention is applied widely, easy to operate, save planting cost, manually at
This；
3. the present invention provides a variety of nutrition and physiological activator for crop, soil fertility can be improved, it is raw to establish good soil
State system enhances the growth strength of root system of plant and the toughness of root system tissue, improves plant to the resistance of pest and disease damage, is effectively reduced
The incidence of insect pest.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described further below with reference to embodiment:
Embodiment one:
A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method, includes the following steps:
(1) it levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer into soil according to the usage amount of 350kg per acre, after mixing, covering ground
Film 7 days；
(2) it is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；
(3) before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, later within growth period, spray foliar fertilizer within every 12 days
1 time；500 times are diluted with water before spraying, sprays 130 milliliters per acre；
(4) in growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, application in every 12 days rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.
Wherein, biological organic fertilizer described in step (1) be chicken manure, it is cow dung, stalk, edible fungi leftovers, turfy soil, compound
Ferment that microbial bacterial agent, hay bacillus are extracted, biological organic fertilizer made from starch compost fermentation；The biological organic fertilizer has
Machine matter content >=50wt%, beneficial to viable count >=1 × 107cfu/g；
Further, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 300 parts of chicken manure, 300 parts of cow dung, 200 parts of stalk, edible
100 parts of bacterium leftover bits and pieces, 100 parts of turfy soil layerings are stacked into wide 3 meters, high 1 meter of triangle pile；By complex micro organism fungicide
21.5 parts with hay bacillus extract 2 parts of ferment, 20 parts of uniform mixings of starch, be sprinkling upon a pile surface；With turner come returning throwing
Three times, biological organic fertilizer is made in every five days turning and throwing onces, fermentation 30 days later；
The complex micro organism fungicide includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3.5 parts of saccharomycete, 3.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces 3.5
Part, 3.5 parts of nematode-trapping fungi, Filamentous 3.5 parts of bacillus, 4 parts of bacillus；
Further, the bacillus is the mixture of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis；
The foliar fertilizer selects Fuhua agriculture organic foliar fertilizer (Brazilian import), and contained active ingredient is as follows: water-soluble manganese (MnO)
0.15%, water-soluble potassium (K2O) 0.32%, water-soluble zinc (Zn) 0.38%, water-soluble boron (B2O3) 0.66%, water soluble magnesium
(MgO) 4.30%, nitrogen (N) 0.31%, sulphur (S) 4.66%, calcium (CaO) 0.30%；And the amino containing 22 kinds of crops necessarily
Acid: r- aminosuccinic acid, Guang amino acid, threonine, isoleucine, serine, leucine, asparagine, tyrosine, paddy ammonia
Acid, -3 phenylpropionic acid of 2- amino, Pyrrolizidine formic acid, butyric acid, glycine, ammonia, 2- alanine, ornithine, 2- amino-isovaleric acid,
Lysine, methionine, tryptophane, histidine, arginine；Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the foliar fertilizer；
The rinsing fertilization of amino acid is squid leftover bits and pieces, fish head fish-bone, shell leftover bits and pieces, biogas slurry after protease hydrolyzed, with first
Shell element, composite aminophenol powder, blackstrap, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate mixing, are made through turquoise algae, actinomycete fermentation；
Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the rinsing fertilization of amino acid, calcium, magnesium total content >=30g/L.
Embodiment two:
A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method, includes the following steps:
(1) it levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer into soil according to the usage amount of 300kg per acre, after mixing, covering ground
Film 7 days；
(2) it is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；
(3) before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, later within growth period, spray foliar fertilizer within every 10 days
1 time；500 times are diluted with water before spraying, sprays 100 milliliters per acre；
(4) in growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, application in every 10 days rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.
Wherein, biological organic fertilizer described in step (1) be chicken manure, it is cow dung, stalk, edible fungi leftovers, turfy soil, compound
Ferment that microbial bacterial agent, hay bacillus are extracted, biological organic fertilizer made from starch compost fermentation；The biological organic fertilizer has
Machine matter content >=50wt%, beneficial to viable count >=1 × 107cfu/g；
Further, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 300 parts of chicken manure, 300 parts of cow dung, 200 parts of stalk, edible
100 parts of bacterium leftover bits and pieces, 100 parts of turfy soil layerings are stacked into wide 3 meters, high 1 meter of triangle pile；By complex micro organism fungicide
21.5 parts with hay bacillus extract 2 parts of ferment, 20 parts of uniform mixings of starch, be sprinkling upon a pile surface；With turner come returning throwing
Three times, biological organic fertilizer is made in every five days turning and throwing onces, fermentation 30 days later；
The complex micro organism fungicide includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3.5 parts of saccharomycete, 3.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces 3.5
Part, 3.5 parts of nematode-trapping fungi, Filamentous 3.5 parts of bacillus, 4 parts of bacillus；
Further, the bacillus is the mixture of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis；
The foliar fertilizer selects Fuhua agriculture organic foliar fertilizer (Brazilian import), and contained active ingredient is as follows: water-soluble manganese (MnO)
0.15%, water-soluble potassium (K2O) 0.32%, water-soluble zinc (Zn) 0.38%, water-soluble boron (B2O3) 0.66%, water soluble magnesium
(MgO) 4.30%, nitrogen (N) 0.31%, sulphur (S) 4.66%, calcium (CaO) 0.30%；And the amino containing 22 kinds of crops necessarily
Acid: r- aminosuccinic acid, Guang amino acid, threonine, isoleucine, serine, leucine, asparagine, tyrosine, paddy ammonia
Acid, -3 phenylpropionic acid of 2- amino, Pyrrolizidine formic acid, butyric acid, glycine, ammonia, 2- alanine, ornithine, 2- amino-isovaleric acid,
Lysine, methionine, tryptophane, histidine, arginine；Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the foliar fertilizer；
The rinsing fertilization of amino acid is squid leftover bits and pieces, fish head fish-bone, shell leftover bits and pieces, biogas slurry after protease hydrolyzed, with first
Shell element, composite aminophenol powder, blackstrap, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate mixing, are made through turquoise algae, actinomycete fermentation；
Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the rinsing fertilization of amino acid, calcium, magnesium total content >=30g/L.
Embodiment three:
A kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method, includes the following steps:
(1) it levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer into soil according to the usage amount of 400kg per acre, after mixing, covering ground
Film 7 days；
(2) it is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；
(3) before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, later within growth period, spray foliar fertilizer within every 15 days
1 time；500 times are diluted with water before spraying, sprays 150 milliliters per acre；
(4) in growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, application in every 15 days rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.
Wherein, biological organic fertilizer described in step (1) be chicken manure, it is cow dung, stalk, edible fungi leftovers, turfy soil, compound
Ferment that microbial bacterial agent, hay bacillus are extracted, biological organic fertilizer made from starch compost fermentation；The biological organic fertilizer has
Machine matter content >=50wt%, beneficial to viable count >=1 × 107cfu/g；
Further, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 300 parts of chicken manure, 300 parts of cow dung, 200 parts of stalk, edible
100 parts of bacterium leftover bits and pieces, 100 parts of turfy soil layerings are stacked into wide 3 meters, high 1 meter of triangle pile；By complex micro organism fungicide
21.5 parts with hay bacillus extract 2 parts of ferment, 20 parts of uniform mixings of starch, be sprinkling upon a pile surface；With turner come returning throwing
Three times, biological organic fertilizer is made in every five days turning and throwing onces, fermentation 30 days later；
The complex micro organism fungicide includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3.5 parts of saccharomycete, 3.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces 3.5
Part, 3.5 parts of nematode-trapping fungi, Filamentous 3.5 parts of bacillus, 4 parts of bacillus；
Further, the bacillus is the mixture of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis；
The foliar fertilizer selects Fuhua agriculture organic foliar fertilizer (Brazilian import), and contained active ingredient is as follows: water-soluble manganese (MnO)
0.15%, water-soluble potassium (K2O) 0.32%, water-soluble zinc (Zn) 0.38%, water-soluble boron (B2O3) 0.66%, water soluble magnesium
(MgO) 4.30%, nitrogen (N) 0.31%, sulphur (S) 4.66%, calcium (CaO) 0.30%；And the amino containing 22 kinds of crops necessarily
Acid: r- aminosuccinic acid, Guang amino acid, threonine, isoleucine, serine, leucine, asparagine, tyrosine, paddy ammonia
Acid, -3 phenylpropionic acid of 2- amino, Pyrrolizidine formic acid, butyric acid, glycine, ammonia, 2- alanine, ornithine, 2- amino-isovaleric acid,
Lysine, methionine, tryptophane, histidine, arginine；Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the foliar fertilizer；
The rinsing fertilization of amino acid is squid leftover bits and pieces, fish head fish-bone, shell leftover bits and pieces, biogas slurry after protease hydrolyzed, with first
Shell element, composite aminophenol powder, blackstrap, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate mixing, are made through turquoise algae, actinomycete fermentation；
Total amino acid content >=100g/L of the rinsing fertilization of amino acid, calcium, magnesium total content >=30g/L.
Example IV the method for the present invention is to Cucumber root-knot nematode disease control efficiency
Test method: in five estrade town of Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Faku County, selection root-knot nematode endangers more serious plot；With cucumber
For test variety；It is handled according to method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, sets up three test groups, each processing group 30m2, repeat
Three times；Blank control group is planted according to local conventional method, is handled without control of nematode；Chemical pesticide processing group uses AVM hereinafter
2000 times of liquid of rhzomorph make root irrigation, earthing after field planting before transplanting；Other water, worm, crop smothering management are consistent, experimental period 80
It.
Index determining: electronic scale measures fruit mass and total fruit quality；Using the root for cutting root percentage method measurement plant
It is root knot index, each group randomly selects 5 plants of cucumber plant, root system is taken out, and is rinsed with water completely, records root system by grade scale
On root knot situation.Its grade scale are as follows: 0 grade, without visible root nodule or pieces of an egg；1 grade, the 1%- of the total root long degree of root nodule total length Zhan
24%；2 grades, the 25%-49% of the total root long degree of root nodule total length Zhan；3 grades, the 50%-74% of the total root long of root nodule total length Zhan；4 grades, root
The 75%-100% of the total root long of tumor total length Zhan is recorded and is calculated disease index and control efficiency as follows:
Test result:
Counting different disposal group cucumber plant wiring parasitosis, a situation arises, and the influence to cucumber yield, is as a result shown in Table respectively
1, table 2.
Control efficiency of each processing group of table 1 to cucumber root nematode disease
Influence of each processing group of table 2 to cucumber yield
From the above test data it is found that using the processing method provided by the present invention, the root knot index of cucumber plant is substantially reduced, and is produced
Amount significantly improves, and the method for the present invention has good control efficiency to root nematode disease.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method, which comprises the steps of:
It levels land, applies biological organic fertilizer into soil according to the usage amount of 300-400kg per acre, after mixing, covering
Mulch 7 days；
It is strictly quarantined to seedling, from the generation of source control root knot nematode disease；
Before kind of transplantation of seedlings 3 days and field planting after respectively spray foliar fertilizer 1 time, later within growth period, spray foliar fertilizer within every 10-15 days
1 time；500 times are diluted with water before spraying, sprays 100-150 milliliters per acre；
In growth animated period, the application of nitrogenous fertilizer, every 10-15 days application rinsing fertilization of amino acid 1 time are controlled.
2. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in its step (1)
Biological organic fertilizer is chicken manure, cow dung, stalk, edible fungi leftovers, turfy soil, complex micro organism fungicide, hay bacillus extraction
Biological organic fertilizer made from ferment, starch compost fermentation；The content of organic matter >=50wt% of the biological organic fertilizer, beneficial to viable bacteria
Number >=1 × 107cfu/g。
3. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the biological organic
Fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 300 parts of chicken manure, 300 parts of cow dung, 200 parts of stalk, 100 parts of edible fungi leftovers, 100 parts of turfy soil
Layering is stacked into wide 3 meters, high 1 meter of triangle pile；By 21.5 parts of ferment 2 extracted with hay bacillus of complex micro organism fungicide
20 parts of part, starch uniform mixings, are sprinkling upon a pile surface；With turner come returning throwing 3 times, throwing 1 time, fermentation 30 are turned within every 5 days later
It, is made biological organic fertilizer；The complex micro organism fungicide includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3.5 parts of saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria
3.5 parts, 3.5 parts of actinomyces, 3.5 parts of nematode-trapping fungi, Filamentous 3.5 parts of bacillus, 4 parts of bacillus.
4. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the bacillus is ground
The mixture of clothing bacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis.
5. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in its step (3)
Foliar fertilizer is the organic foliar fertilizer containing amino acid, total amino acid content >=100g/L.
6. a kind of plant root-knot nematode administering method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in its step (4)
Total amino acid content >=100g/L of rinsing fertilization of amino acid, calcium, magnesium total content >=30g/L.
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| CN114145312A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 云南硕农农业科技有限公司 | Application of biological agent |
| CN114711069A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-08 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Comprehensive prevention and control method for pitaya root-knot nematodes |
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Application publication date: 20190419 |