CN109496937B

CN109496937B - Indoor crayfish breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN109496937B
Application number: CN201811218535.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方刘; 郭小泽; 阮国良; 易提林; 刘玉林; 魏红波; 杨代勤
Original assignee: Institute Of Animal Husbandry Veterinary Jiangxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; Yangtze University
Current assignee: Institute Of Animal Husbandry Veterinary Jiangxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; Yangtze University
Priority date: 2018-10-19
Filing date: 2018-10-19
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-19
Also published as: CN109496937A

Abstract

The invention provides an indoor crayfish breeding method, which comprises the steps of fully mastering the biological habits of crayfish, designing and breeding deep and shallow water levels in an indoor breeding box, self-making shielding objects, placing small bricks, periodically changing water and adding phytoplankton to build a habitat of the crayfish under natural conditions, enabling the crayfish to live in an environment close to the natural state, improving the survival rate of the crayfish, increasing the utilization rate of feed, increasing the growth speed, reducing the mutual killing rate during shelling, improving the quality and the yield, and belongs to the field of crayfish breeding.

Description

Indoor crayfish breeding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of crayfish breeding, in particular to an indoor crayfish breeding method.

Background

China has become the largest crayfish producing country and consuming country in the world, and in recent years, due to the rapid increase of market demand, the natural resources of crayfish are rapidly reduced, and the market price is gradually increased, so that the artificial large-scale breeding is developed in most provinces and cities to meet the market demand. At present, comprehensive breeding of shrimp and rice and pond culture are mainly performed, but high yield is brought by large-scale culture, and meanwhile crayfish diseases are frequently outbreak, water quality is deteriorated, drugs are abused, quality is degraded, and economic benefits of crayfish culture are seriously affected. Therefore, how to solve the problems, provide healthy and high-quality crayfishes, improve the economic benefit of cultivation and become a main direction of future research. At present, some enterprises are exploring facilities for industrially culturing crayfish, high-yield and high-quality crayfish is expected to be obtained, then most of the enterprises do not deeply explore the biological habit of the crayfish, and the designed industrial culturing facilities cannot reach the expectation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the crayfish indoor culture method by combining long-term outdoor observation and indoor culture experiments, and the crayfish has the advantages of high survival rate, high growth speed, low killing rate, high quality and high yield.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

an indoor crayfish breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, placing a goods shelf indoors, wherein a plurality of cultivation boxes are uniformly distributed on the goods shelf;

s2, raising each two adjacent culture boxes through cushion layers, enabling each culture box to incline at a certain angle alpha to simulate and adjust a deep water area and a shallow water area, wherein the depth of the deep water area is set to be 10-15cm, and the shallow water area is set to submerge the bottom of the box;

s3, placing a plurality of square bricks in the breeding box;

s4, placing plastic cup shrimp nests in each breeding box, and placing a plurality of second PVC pipes around each breeding box;

s5, regularly observing the shelling condition of shrimps during culture, changing water once in 3 days in summer, changing water 1/3-1/2 every time, and changing water once in 5 days in winter, wherein water is changed 1/3-1/2 every time;

s6, fishing floating plants in the pond by using a plankton net every 5-8 days during the culture period, putting the fished floating plants into a culture box for the crayfish to eat, and collecting the feed residues after the feeding is finished for the latter half hour.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in the step S2, the specification of the cultivation box is 1.2m 0.6m 0.2m, cultivation water is filled in the cultivation box, the cultivation water is tap water, and the tap water can be used after the water storage barrel is aerated for more than 48 hours.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in the step S2, each of the cultivation boxes is inclined at an angle α of 15 to 25 °.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in step S3, the specification of the square bricks is 10cm by 10 cm.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in the step S4, the plastic cup shrimp nest is composed of a plurality of plastic cups and a first PVC pipe, and a plurality of plastic cups with bottoms connected with the first PVC pipe are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the first PVC pipe.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in the step S4, a plurality of second PVC pipes are arranged around the inside of the cultivation box, a gap of 5cm is left between each two second PVC pipes, the length of each second PVC pipe is 20cm, the diameter of each second PVC pipe is 100mm, and the diameter of each first PVC pipe is 10 mm.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in the step S5, temperature control facilities need to be added for cultivation in winter, and the water temperature is kept at 25-28 ℃.

In the invention, the crayfish indoor breeding method is characterized in that: in step S6, before the zooplankton is placed in the cultivation box, the zooplankton is soaked in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the investment cost is low, the cultivation box and the goods shelf are made of materials with lower cost, and the use area of unit space is increased due to the fact that the cultivation box and the goods shelf are arranged in a three-dimensional and multi-layer mode; secondly, the breeding yield is high, 18-21 crayfishes can be bred per square, and the yield per unit is extremely high; thirdly, the survival rate is high, and due to the excellent breeding environment, the simulated shrimp nests reduce the cannibalism rate of the crayfish during the shelling period and the interference during the mating period, so that the breeding survival rate is improved; fourthly, the disease is less, the shrimps are well cultivated in water, and the disease incidence rate of the crayfishes cultivated by the method is extremely low; fifthly, the quality is good, the cultured crayfishes are clean in bottom plate, the meat is delicious, the nutritional value is high, and the market value is high; sixthly, the cultivation period is long, the indoor cultivation can control the cultivation temperature, and the fresh and alive crayfishes can be supplied all the year round.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a three-layer shelf of a breeding box of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a three-layer shelf of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the plastic cup shrimp nest of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The crayfish indoor breeding method shown in the figures 1-3 comprises the following steps:

s1, placing a goods shelf 1 indoors, wherein a plurality of cultivation boxes 2 are uniformly distributed on the goods shelf;

s2, heightening adjacent sides of every two cultivation boxes 2 through cushion layers 3, enabling every cultivation box 2 to incline at a certain angle alpha to simulate and adjust a deep water area and a shallow water area, wherein the depth of the deep water area is set to be 10-15cm, and the shallow water area is set to submerge the bottom of the box;

s3, placing a plurality of square bricks in the breeding box 2;

s4, placing a plastic cup shrimp nest 4 in each breeding box 2, and placing a plurality of second PVC pipes around each breeding box 2;

s6, fishing floating plants in the pond by using a plankton net every 5-8 days during the culture period, putting the fished floating plants into the culture box 2 for the crayfish to eat, and collecting the feed residues after the feeding is finished for the latter half hour.

Specifically, in step S1, a plurality of cultivation boxes 2 are placed on a three-layered shelf, and in step S2, the size of the cultivation boxes 2 is 1.2m × 0.6m × 0.2m, cultivation water is contained in the cultivation boxes 2, the cultivation water is tap water, and the tap water is used after being aerated in the water storage tank for more than 48 hours. Specifically, in the step S2, each of the cultivation boxes 2 is inclined at an angle α of 15 to 25 °, and the deep water region and the shallow water region provide a place for the crayfish to live and eat.

In the step S3, the specification of the square bricks is 10cm by 10cm, and the square bricks are placed to facilitate the crayfish to climb and inhabit.

In the step S4, 1 self-made plastic cup shrimp nests 4 are placed in the middle of each breeding box 2 to imitate the nests of the crayfishes and provide excellent shielding places for the molting and mating of the crayfishes, so that the cannibalism rate of the crayfishes during the shelling period and the interference during the mating period are reduced. The plastic cup shrimp nest 4 is composed of a plurality of plastic cups 4.1 and a first PVC pipe 4.2, a plurality of plastic cups 4.1 with cup bottoms connected with the first PVC pipe 4.2 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the first PVC pipe 4.2, and the diameter of the first PVC pipe 4.2 is 10 mm.

Specifically, in step S4, 6 second PVC pipes are placed in a circle along the inside periphery of the cultivation box 2, a gap of 5cm is left between every two adjacent second PVC pipes, the length of each second PVC pipe is 20cm, and the diameter of each second PVC pipe is 100 mm.

Specifically, in step S5, temperature control facilities are added for cultivation in winter, and the water temperature is maintained at 25-28 ℃.

Specifically, in step S6, before the phytoplankton is placed in the cultivation box 2, the phytoplankton is soaked in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds to be sterilized.

During the culture period, the ingestion condition is observed, the feeding rate is adjusted in time according to the ingestion condition, and the residual feed is collected after the feeding is finished for half an hour so as to avoid influencing the water quality. After 5 weeks of indoor cultivation, the survival rate is up to 90%, the specific growth rate is 1.73, and the feed coefficient is 1.13.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor crayfish breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, placing a goods shelf (1) indoors, wherein a plurality of breeding boxes (2) are uniformly distributed on the goods shelf;

s2, heightening adjacent sides of every two cultivation boxes (2) through cushion layers (3), enabling each cultivation box (2) to incline at a certain angle alpha, and simulating and adjusting a deep water area and a shallow water area, wherein the depth of the deep water area is 10-15cm, and the shallow water area is set to submerge the bottom of the box;

s3, placing a plurality of square bricks in the breeding box (2);

s4, placing a plastic cup shrimp nest (4) in each breeding box (2), and placing a plurality of second PVC pipes around each breeding box (2);

s5, regularly observing the shelling condition of shrimps during the culture period, changing water once in 3 days in summer, changing water 1/3-1/2 every time, and changing water once in 5 days in winter, wherein water is changed 1/3-1/2 every time;

s6, fishing floating plants in the pond by using a plankton net every 5-8 days during the culture period, putting the fished floating plants into a culture box (2) for the crayfish to eat, and collecting feed residues after the feeding is finished for half an hour;

in the step S2, the angle alpha of inclination of each cultivation box (2) is 15-25 degrees;

in the step S4, the plastic cup shrimp nest (4) is composed of a plurality of plastic cups (4.1) and a first PVC pipe (4.2), and a plurality of plastic cups (4.1) with the bottoms connected with the first PVC pipe (4.2) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the first PVC pipe (4.2);

in the step S4, a circle of second PVC pipes is arranged around the inside of the cultivation box (2), a gap of 5cm is reserved between every two second PVC pipes, the length of each second PVC pipe is 20cm, the diameter of each second PVC pipe is 100mm, and the diameter of each first PVC pipe (4.2) is 10 mm.

2. The indoor crayfish breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the specification of the cultivation box (2) is 1.2m multiplied by 0.6m multiplied by 0.2m, cultivation water is contained in the cultivation box (2), the cultivation water is tap water, and the tap water can be used after the water storage barrel is aerated for more than 48 hours.

3. The indoor crayfish breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the specification of the square brick is 10cm × 10 cm.

4. The indoor crayfish breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, temperature control facilities need to be added for cultivation in winter, and the water temperature is kept at 25-28 ℃.

5. The indoor crayfish breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, before the phytoplankton is placed in the cultivation box (2), 3-5% of saline water is used for soaking for 30 seconds for disinfection.