CN111513008A - Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory - Google Patents
Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory Download PDFInfo
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- CN111513008A CN111513008A CN202010522859.4A CN202010522859A CN111513008A CN 111513008 A CN111513008 A CN 111513008A CN 202010522859 A CN202010522859 A CN 202010522859A CN 111513008 A CN111513008 A CN 111513008A
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- water
- crayfish
- breeding box
- crayfishes
- breeding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A method for breeding procambarus clarkii in a laboratory belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and is characterized in that comprehensive breeding is carried out in multiple aspects of selection of a breeding box, disinfection of the breeding box, control of water quality, preparation of hidden facilities, placement of aquatic plants, selection of crayfish, breeding of crayfish and daily maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, relates to a crayfish culture method, and particularly relates to a method for culturing procambarus clarkii in a laboratory.
Background
Procambarus clarkii, also known as crayfish, is classified as a decapod family of the arthropoda class Crustacea, and is shrimp-like in shape with a hard shell. The length of the product is about 5.6-11.9cm, the product is dark red, and the crust part is nearly black. The meat is delicious and rich in nutrition, and is deeply loved by people. The procambarus clarkii is one of important export water products in China, plays a very important role in the inland fishery economic industry in China, and has become the largest crayfish producing country and consuming country in the world. According to the data report of the Ministry of agriculture in China, the annual total yield of the procambarus clarkia in 2017 reaches 112 million tons, and the economic total value of the crayfish in China is about 2685 million yuan. The market demand for crayfish has grown particularly rapidly over the past decade, providing great potential for the development of the crayfish aquaculture industry.
In recent years, research on procambarus clarkia is a hot problem in laboratory research, and research directions such as feed addition, breeding methods, safety research and the like of procambarus clarkia are hot topics of research. However, the laboratory research of the procambarus clarkii has a great problem, namely the survival problem of the procambarus clarkii. No measures are taken in the normal breeding in the laboratory, about 50% of individuals die within three days, and all individuals die within seven days. Meanwhile, the crayfishes have serious self-phase damage. This not only causes huge waste, but also brings difficulty to the development of experiments. Most experiments aiming at crayfish require that the crayfish can survive for more than seven days under experimental conditions, so how to enable the crayfish to survive for a long time under the condition of a laboratory becomes the first problem to be solved urgently in the experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of serious self-phase damage phenomenon, high shelling death rate, low long-term culture survival rate and the like of the crayfish cultured in the existing laboratory, and provides a method for culturing the procambarus clarkii in the laboratory.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for culturing procambarus clarkii in a laboratory is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a breeding box: selecting a breeding box with the specification of 77cm multiplied by 44cm, wherein the water level in the breeding box is 30cm, and filter screens are arranged at a water inlet and a water outlet of the breeding box;
(2) sterilizing the cultivation box: before putting crayfish, sterilizing the breeding box by potassium permanganate with the use amount of 2-5% for one hour, and then repeatedly cleaning and soaking by tap water to ensure that no residue exists;
(3) controlling the water quality: the water for cultivation is tap water, the tap water is used in a water storage barrel after being fully aerated for more than 48 hours, a temperature control system controls the water temperature, and an aerator continuously aerates oxygen;
(4) preparation of hidden facilities: placing a plurality of bricks in a breeding box side by side, wherein the distance between every two bricks is 5cm, the bricks are used as a crayfish hiding place, square ceramic tiles are placed on the bricks and are used as a crayfish eating and resting place, meanwhile, a plurality of PVC pipes are placed in the breeding box and are bound to form a honeycomb shape, the bricks are used as the crayfish hiding place, and the PVC pipes with different diameters are selected according to the size of the crayfish;
(5) placing aquatic plants: placing aquatic plants on the water surface of the breeding box for feeding or resting of the crayfishes, changing the aquatic plants one batch every 7 days, washing the aquatic plants before placing the aquatic plants, and soaking the aquatic plants in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection;
(6) selecting the crayfish: selecting crayfishes with different sizes, normal body color and complete appendages according to experimental requirements, and soaking the crayfishes in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection before putting the crayfishes;
(7) and (3) breeding of crayfishes: feeding special feed for the crayfishes into the breeding box, wherein the feed is fed in the daytime and fed at night, the time period of feeding in the daytime is 6: 00-7: 00, the time period of feeding at night is 18: 00-19: 00, the feed is fed on the ceramic tiles at fixed points, and the oxygen is increased by an oxygen increasing machine every day;
(8) daily maintenance: the shelling condition is observed in the morning every day, food residues and other impurities in water are sucked away, water is changed once in 3 days in summer, water is changed in 1/3-1/2 every time, and water is changed once in 7 days in winter, and water is changed in 1/3-1/2 every time.
And (4) keeping the pH value of the aquaculture water in the step (3) between 6.5 and 7.5, keeping the water temperature between 20 and 26 ℃, and keeping the dissolved oxygen between 7.5 and 7.8 mg/L.
And (4) selecting the PVC pipe with the diameter of 2-7 cm in the step (4).
The aquatic plant in the step (5) is one or more of alternanthera philoxeroides, sowthistle tasselflower herb and water hyacinth.
In the step (7), the feeding amount at night accounts for 75-85% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount per day is 3-5% of the weight of the crayfishes in the pond.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for breeding the procambarus clarkii in the laboratory is characterized in that the procambarus clarkii is comprehensively bred in multiple aspects of selection of the breeding box, disinfection of the breeding box, control of water quality, preparation of hidden facilities, placement of aquatic plants, selection of the crayfish, breeding of the crayfish and daily maintenance, the breeding method is scientific, the investment cost is low, the self-phase killing rate of the crayfish during shelling is reduced by simulating the natural habitat of the crayfish, the breeding survival rate is improved, and the experimental requirements are met.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Examples
A breeding box with the specification of 77cm multiplied by 44cm is selected, the breeding box is provided with a temperature control facility and an oxygenation facility, the water level of the breeding box is 30cm, the breeding water is tap water which is fully aerated for 24 hours, and filter screens are arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the breeding box.
The pH value of the water in the culture pond is kept between 6.5 and 7.5, the temperature of the water in the culture box is kept between 20 and 26 ℃ by using a temperature control system, and the oxygen is increased by an oxygen increasing machine during culture.
Three bricks are arranged in the center of the cultivation box side by side, and a ceramic tile is arranged on each brick.
Picking one or more of alternanthera philoxeroides, sowthistle tasselflower herb and water hyacinth from a field pond, repeatedly washing, soaking in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection, placing on the water surface, and replacing every 7 days.
Crayfish with weight of 8-10 g, length of 5-7 cm (excluding chela) and no pathogenic bacteria, normal body color and complete appendages are purchased from a breeding place, soaked in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection and thrown into a water body, and 30-40 crayfish are placed in each breeding box.
According to the size of the crayfish, PVC with the diameter of 5cm and the length of 10cm is selected, 7 PVC are bundled into a honeycomb shape, and one or two groups are placed in each breeding box.
The special feed for the crayfishes is put into the breeding box in two times, namely 6-7 points in the morning and 6-7 points in the evening, the feed is put on the ceramic tiles at fixed points, the daily feeding amount of the feed accounts for 75-85% of the daily feeding amount, and the daily feeding amount of the feed accounts for 3-5% of the weight of the crayfishes in the pond.
The shelling condition is observed in the morning every day, food residues and other impurities in water are sucked away, the dead bodies of the dead crayfishes are taken away, water is changed once every 3 days in summer, the water is changed for 1/3-1/2 every time, the water is changed once every 7 days in winter, and the water is changed for 1/3-1/2 every time.
Through half a year's cultivation attempt, the survival rate is up to 80%, and under this patent cultivation condition, the crayfish mortality of molting is showing and is reducing, is showing and has reduced the incomplete food probability of looks, and the crayfish can freely grow, lay eggs, carefully maintains the back, and partial crayfish can survive half a year, and the shrimp that embraces eggs can normally hatch, grow, can satisfy the experiment requirement.
Claims (5)
1. A method for culturing procambarus clarkii in a laboratory is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a breeding box: selecting a breeding box with the specification of 77cm multiplied by 44cm, wherein the water level in the breeding box is 30cm, and filter screens are arranged at a water inlet and a water outlet of the breeding box;
(2) sterilizing the cultivation box: before putting crayfish, sterilizing the breeding box by potassium permanganate with the use amount of 2-5% for one hour, and then repeatedly cleaning and soaking by tap water to ensure that no residue exists;
(3) controlling the water quality: the water for cultivation is tap water, the tap water is used in a water storage barrel after being fully aerated for more than 48 hours, a temperature control system controls the water temperature, and an aerator continuously aerates oxygen;
(4) preparation of hidden facilities: placing a plurality of bricks in a breeding box side by side, wherein the distance between every two bricks is 5cm, the bricks are used as a crayfish hiding place, square ceramic tiles are placed on the bricks and are used as a crayfish eating and resting place, meanwhile, a plurality of PVC pipes are placed in the breeding box and are bound to form a honeycomb shape, the bricks are used as the crayfish hiding place, and the PVC pipes with different diameters are selected according to the size of the crayfish;
(5) placing aquatic plants: placing aquatic plants on the water surface of the breeding box for feeding or resting of the crayfishes, changing the aquatic plants one batch every 7 days, washing the aquatic plants before placing the aquatic plants, and soaking the aquatic plants in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection;
(6) selecting the crayfish: selecting crayfishes with different sizes, normal body color and complete appendages according to experimental requirements, and soaking the crayfishes in 3-5% saline water for 30 seconds for disinfection before putting the crayfishes;
(7) and (3) breeding of crayfishes: feeding special feed for the crayfishes into the breeding box, wherein the feed is fed in the daytime and fed at night, the time period of feeding in the daytime is 6: 00-7: 00, the time period of feeding at night is 18: 00-19: 00, the feed is fed on the ceramic tiles at fixed points, and the oxygen is increased by an oxygen increasing machine every day;
(8) daily maintenance: the shelling condition is observed in the morning every day, food residues and other impurities in water are sucked away, water is changed once in 3 days in summer, water is changed in 1/3-1/2 every time, and water is changed once in 7 days in winter, and water is changed in 1/3-1/2 every time.
2. The method of claim 1 for laboratory culture of procambarus clarkii, wherein: and (4) keeping the pH value of the aquaculture water in the step (3) between 6.5 and 7.5, keeping the water temperature between 20 and 26 ℃, and keeping the dissolved oxygen between 7.5 and 7.8 mg/L.
3. The method of claim 1 for laboratory culture of procambarus clarkii, wherein: and (4) selecting the PVC pipe with the diameter of 2-7 cm in the step (4).
4. The method of claim 1 for laboratory culture of procambarus clarkii, wherein: the aquatic plant in the step (5) is one or more of alternanthera philoxeroides, sowthistle tasselflower herb and water hyacinth.
5. The method of claim 1 for laboratory culture of procambarus clarkii, wherein: in the step (7), the feeding amount at night accounts for 75-85% of the feeding amount in the day, and the feeding amount per day is 3-5% of the weight of the crayfishes in the pond.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010522859.4A CN111513008A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010522859.4A CN111513008A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory |
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| CN111513008A true CN111513008A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| CN202010522859.4A Pending CN111513008A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107897078A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 颍上县腾飞生态农业水产专业合作社联合社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN108651345A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method |
| CN109220930A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-18 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN109380166A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-26 | 潜江市昌贵水产食品股份有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of cray |
| CN109496937A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-22 | 长江大学 | A kind of cray indoor culture method |
| CN110338130A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | A kind of the Laboratory culture system and high-density breeding method of Procambius clarkii |
-
2020
- 2020-06-10 CN CN202010522859.4A patent/CN111513008A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107897078A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 颍上县腾飞生态农业水产专业合作社联合社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN108651345A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method |
| CN109496937A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-22 | 长江大学 | A kind of cray indoor culture method |
| CN109380166A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-26 | 潜江市昌贵水产食品股份有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of cray |
| CN109220930A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-18 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN110338130A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | A kind of the Laboratory culture system and high-density breeding method of Procambius clarkii |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |
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