CN108651345A - A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method - Google Patents
A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651345A CN108651345A CN201810473969.9A CN201810473969A CN108651345A CN 108651345 A CN108651345 A CN 108651345A CN 201810473969 A CN201810473969 A CN 201810473969A CN 108651345 A CN108651345 A CN 108651345A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, the ecological cultivation method include the following steps：(1) pond prepares, (2) preparation of ponds disinfection, (3) cultivate the maintenance of preceding pond, (4) pond water filling and water plant plantation, (5) shrimp seedling are put in a suitable place to breed, (6) bait feeding, (7) regulating and controlling water quality, (8) are caught in due course, and the present invention solves that existing cray daily management is not good at, water quality is easily contaminated and causes the related defects such as cray death rate height, poor quality, low output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture fields, and in particular to a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method.
Background technology
Procambius clarkii is commonly called as cray.Be similar to shrimp and crust is hard.Adult is about 5.6-11.9 centimetres, kermesinus, first
The nearly black of shell parts, belly back side have a wedge-shaped striped.Juvenile prawn body is uniform grey, has black ripple sometimes.Chela is long and narrow.First
Do not separated by areola in the middle part of shell, obviously has particle on crust.Cray is delicious wide welcomed by the people because of meat flavour.Because its is miscellaneous
Feeding habits, the speed of growth be fast, adaptable and absolute competitive advantage is formed in local environment.Its range of ingesting includes
Water plant, algae, aquatic insect, spoil etc., food are also killed each other when deficient scarce.Cray has become in China in recent years
Important Economic breed variety.
But existing cray cultural method can have the defects of daily management is not good at, and cause the cray quality cultivated out
Difference, death rate height, low output；Water quality also suffers from different degrees of pollution so that and cray living environment constantly deteriorates,
Cray is caused easily to catch, so there is an urgent need to research and develop a kind of cray ecological cultivation method with meet demand.
Invention content
(1) the technical issues of solving
The present invention provides a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, solve existing cray daily management be not good at,
Water quality, which is easily contaminated, causes the related defects such as cray death rate height, poor quality, low output.
(2) technical solution used
The present invention to achieve the above object, is achieved by the following technical programs：A kind of Procambius clarkii pond ecological
Cultural method, the ecological cultivation method include the following steps：
(1) pond prepares：Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is clear, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong, soil is fertile
Fertile, 3-5 mu of area pond, depth of water 1.2-1.4m build mud among pond and obstruct so that burrow cave, surrounding of Procambius clarkii is built
Ramp prevents Procambius clarkii from playing cave flight, and inlet and outlet, the inlet and outlet are respectively set in pond both ends
Go out to be equipped with anti-escape network, mating oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) preparation of ponds sterilizes：Pond bottom mud is removed, and spills lime disinfection, while the 2-3 that is exposed to the sun is carried out to pond
It；
(3) preceding pond maintenance is cultivated：After pond disinfection, apply base manure according to the amount of 300-400kg per acre into pond；
(4) pond water filling and water plant plantation：The water filling into pond, plants water plant in pond later, and area coverage is
Between the 50-65% in pond；
(5) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed：Select that physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free shrimp seedling carefree, vitality is indomitable, selection and breeding are good
Shrimp seedling is put in saline solution after disinfection 2-4min, is put in a suitable place to breed with the amount of ten thousand tails of 1.2-1.8 per acre；
(6) bait feeding：Daily daily ration, feeding quantity, which is subject to, has enough, eats up, not staying residual bait, feeds daily 2 times, the morning and evening each 1
Secondary, because cray mainly feeds at night, evening feeding volume accounts for the 70%-80% of full-time bait, and bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water
In, whens large quantities of shrimp shells, throws less, after shell to throw more；
(7) regulating and controlling water quality：Spring water level is generally kept between 0.8-1.1m, is added water primary per 12-16d, is added water every time
6-8cm；Summer water level is maintained at 1.3m or more, changes that water is primary per 6-9d, and each quantity of exchanged water is the one third of pond waters；And
Timing rationally opens oxygenation and starts to write, and keeps oxygen in water；
(8) fishing in due course：It catches first 15 days and adheres to patrolling the pool, the growth tendency of cray is grasped in time, when cray weight
Up to being caught when 50g or more in due course, vying each other between reduction leads to death.
As a further optimization of the solution, in the step (6) bait include chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, trash fish, silkworm chrysalis,
Earthworm, wheat bran, pumpkin, sweet potato one or more.
Water plant includes that eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, water are floating in the step (4) as a further optimization of the solution,
The one or more of lotus.
(3) advantageous effect
The present invention provides a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, has the advantages that：
The present invention plants water plant to establish benign eco-environment in pond, is played for cray and feeding, in conjunction with section
The daily managements such as feeding method and water quality adjustment operate, and ensure that the nutritional need of cray, establish good life
State environment, effectively reduces the probability of the infectious disease of cray, improves resistance, promotes autoimmunity, culture it is small
Lobster delicious meat, yield are high, improve breeding income, have preferable market value, suitable for popularization.
Specific implementation mode
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated,
It is replaced by other equivalent or with similar purpose alternative features.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, the ecological cultivation method include the following steps：
(1) pond prepares：Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is clear, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong, soil is fertile
Fertile, 3 mu of area pond, depth of water 1.2m, build among pond mud stalk for Procambius clarkii burrow cave, that surrounding builds ramp is anti-
Only Procambius clarkii plays cave flight, and inlet and outlet are respectively set in pond both ends, and the inlet and outlet go out to be equipped with
Anti-escape network, mating oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) preparation of ponds sterilizes：Pond bottom mud is removed, and spills lime disinfection, while be exposed to the sun 2 to pond
It；
(3) preceding pond maintenance is cultivated：After pond disinfection, apply base manure according to the amount of 300kg per acre into pond；
(4) pond water filling and water plant plantation：The water filling into pond, plants water plant in pond later, and area coverage is
Between the 50% of pond；
(5) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed：Select that physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free shrimp seedling carefree, vitality is indomitable, selection and breeding are good
Shrimp seedling is put in saline solution after disinfection 2min, is put in a suitable place to breed with the amount of 1.5 ten thousand tails per acre；
(6) bait feeding：Daily daily ration, feeding quantity, which is subject to, has enough, eats up, not staying residual bait, feeds daily 2 times, the morning and evening each 1
Secondary, because cray mainly feeds at night, evening feeding volume accounts for the 70% of full-time bait, and bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water, greatly
It is thrown less when criticizing shrimp shell, it is after shell to throw more；
(7) regulating and controlling water quality：Spring water level is generally kept between 0.8m, is added water primary per 12d, is added water 6cm every time；Summer
Water level is maintained at 1.3m or more, changes that water is primary per 6d, and each quantity of exchanged water is the one third of pond waters；And timing is rationally opened
Oxygenation is started to write, and oxygen in water is kept；
(8) fishing in due course：It catches first 15 days and adheres to patrolling the pool, the growth tendency of cray is grasped in time, when cray weight
Up to being caught when 50g or more in due course, vying each other between reduction leads to death.
As a further optimization of the solution, in the step (6) bait include chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, trash fish, silkworm chrysalis,
Earthworm, wheat bran, pumpkin, sweet potato one or more.
Water plant includes that eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, water are floating in the step (4) as a further optimization of the solution,
The one or more of lotus.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, the ecological cultivation method include the following steps：
(1) pond prepares：Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is clear, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong, soil is fertile
Fertile, 3 mu of area pond, depth of water 1.4m, build among pond mud stalk for Procambius clarkii burrow cave, that surrounding builds ramp is anti-
Only Procambius clarkii plays cave flight, and inlet and outlet are respectively set in pond both ends, and the inlet and outlet go out to be equipped with
Anti-escape network, mating oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) preparation of ponds sterilizes：Pond bottom mud is removed, and spills lime disinfection, while be exposed to the sun 3 to pond
It；
(3) preceding pond maintenance is cultivated：After pond disinfection, apply base manure according to the amount of 400kg per acre into pond；
(4) pond water filling and water plant plantation：The water filling into pond, plants water plant in pond later, and area coverage is
Between the 65% of pond；
(5) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed：Select that physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free shrimp seedling carefree, vitality is indomitable, selection and breeding are good
Shrimp seedling is put in saline solution after disinfection 4min, is put in a suitable place to breed with the amount of 1.5 ten thousand tails per acre；
(6) bait feeding：Daily daily ration, feeding quantity, which is subject to, has enough, eats up, not staying residual bait, feeds daily 2 times, the morning and evening each 1
Secondary, because cray mainly feeds at night, evening feeding volume accounts for the 80% of full-time bait, and bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water, greatly
It is thrown less when criticizing shrimp shell, it is after shell to throw more；
(7) regulating and controlling water quality：Spring water level is generally kept between 1.1m, is added water primary per 16d, is added water 8cm every time；Summer
Water level is maintained at 1.3m or more, changes that water is primary per 9d, and each quantity of exchanged water is the one third of pond waters；And timing is rationally opened
Oxygenation is started to write, and oxygen in water is kept；
(8) fishing in due course：It catches first 15 days and adheres to patrolling the pool, the growth tendency of cray is grasped in time, when cray weight
Up to being caught when 50g or more in due course, vying each other between reduction leads to death.
As a further optimization of the solution, in the step (6) bait include chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, trash fish, silkworm chrysalis,
Earthworm, wheat bran, pumpkin, sweet potato one or more.
Water plant includes that eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, water are floating in the step (4) as a further optimization of the solution,
The one or more of lotus.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, the ecological cultivation method include the following steps：
(1) pond prepares：Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is clear, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong, soil is fertile
Fertile, 3 mu of area pond, depth of water 1.3m, build among pond mud stalk for Procambius clarkii burrow cave, that surrounding builds ramp is anti-
Only Procambius clarkii plays cave flight, and inlet and outlet are respectively set in pond both ends, and the inlet and outlet go out to be equipped with
Anti-escape network, mating oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) preparation of ponds sterilizes：Pond bottom mud is removed, and spills lime disinfection, while be exposed to the sun 2 to pond
It；
(3) preceding pond maintenance is cultivated：After pond disinfection, apply base manure according to the amount of 350kg per acre into pond；
(4) pond water filling and water plant plantation：The water filling into pond, plants water plant in pond later, and area coverage is
Between the 58% of pond；
(5) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed：Select that physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free shrimp seedling carefree, vitality is indomitable, selection and breeding are good
Shrimp seedling is put in saline solution after disinfection 3min, is put in a suitable place to breed with the amount of 1.5 ten thousand tails per acre；
(6) bait feeding：Daily daily ration, feeding quantity, which is subject to, has enough, eats up, not staying residual bait, feeds daily 2 times, the morning and evening each 1
Secondary, because cray mainly feeds at night, evening feeding volume accounts for the 75% of full-time bait, and bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water, greatly
It is thrown less when criticizing shrimp shell, it is after shell to throw more；
(7) regulating and controlling water quality：Spring water level is generally kept between 1.0m, is added water primary per 14d, is added water 7cm every time；Summer
Water level is maintained at 1.3m or more, changes that water is primary per 8d, and each quantity of exchanged water is the one third of pond waters；And timing is rationally opened
Oxygenation is started to write, and oxygen in water is kept；
(8) fishing in due course：It catches first 15 days and adheres to patrolling the pool, the growth tendency of cray is grasped in time, when cray weight
Up to being caught when 50g or more in due course, vying each other between reduction leads to death.
As a further optimization of the solution, in the step (6) bait include chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, trash fish, silkworm chrysalis,
Earthworm, wheat bran, pumpkin, sweet potato one or more.
Water plant includes that eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, water are floating in the step (4) as a further optimization of the solution,
The one or more of lotus.
In order to compare effect of the present invention, cultivated as a control group by embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 and common mode, pond
The pool is 3 mu, launches 1.5 ten thousand tail shrimp seedlings and is cultivated, is fed 80 days, contrast test data such as following table：
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Control group | |
| Test number of days | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Cultivation is total (tail) | 1.5 ten thousand | 1.5 ten thousand | 1.5 ten thousand | 1.5 ten thousand |
| Survival rate (%) | 93.5 | 93.8 | 94.1 | 86 |
| Per mu yield | 675 | 680 | 685 | 635 |
As can be seen from the above table, cultural method of the present invention relative to common mode, survival rate is high, yield is big, has preferably
Market prospects, suitable for promote.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method, which is characterized in that the ecological cultivation method includes the following steps：
(1) pond prepares：Selection is had abundant water resources, water quality is clear, pollution-free, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong, fertile soil, face
3-5 mu of pond of product, depth of water 1.2-1.4m build mud among pond and obstruct so that burrow cave, surrounding of Procambius clarkii builds ramp
Prevent Procambius clarkii from playing cave flight, inlet and outlet are respectively set in pond both ends, and the inlet and outlet go out to set
There are anti-escape network, mating oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) preparation of ponds sterilizes：Pond bottom mud is removed, and spills lime disinfection, while pond be exposed to the sun 2-3 days；
(3) preceding pond maintenance is cultivated：After pond disinfection, apply base manure according to the amount of 300-400kg per acre into pond；
(4) pond water filling and water plant plantation：The water filling into pond, plants water plant in pond later, and area coverage is pond
50-65% between；
(5) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed：Select that physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free shrimp seedling carefree, vitality is indomitable, by the good shrimp seedling of selection and breeding
It is put in after sterilizing 2-4min in saline solution, is put in a suitable place to breed with the amount of ten thousand tails of 1.2-1.8 per acre；
(6) bait feeding：Daily daily ration, feeding quantity, which is subject to, has enough, eats up, not staying residual bait, feeds daily 2 times, each 1 time sooner or later, because
Cray mainly feeds at night, and evening feeding volume accounts for the 70%-80% of full-time bait, and bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water, greatly
It is thrown less when criticizing shrimp shell, it is after shell to throw more；
(7) regulating and controlling water quality：Spring water level is generally kept between 0.8-1.1m, is added water primary per 12-16d, is added water 6- every time
8cm；Summer water level is maintained at 1.3m or more, changes that water is primary per 6-9d, and each quantity of exchanged water is the one third of pond waters；And it is fixed
Shi Heli opens oxygenation and starts to write, and keeps oxygen in water；
(8) fishing in due course：It catches first 15 days and adheres to patrolling the pool, grasp the growth tendency of cray in time, when cray weight reaches 50g
It is caught in due course when above, vying each other between reduction leads to death.
2. a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(6) in bait include chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, trash fish, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm, wheat bran, pumpkin, sweet potato one or more.
3. a kind of Procambius clarkii ecological pond culture method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(4) water plant includes the one or more of eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, water lettuce in.
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| CN109479782A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of method of cray pond high density breeding |
| CN109479777A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | A kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method |
| CN110432405A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 内江汉安农业科技有限公司 | A kind of daily universal feed of cray and preparation method thereof |
| CN111513008A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-11 | 扬州大学 | Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory |
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| CN109479782A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of method of cray pond high density breeding |
| CN110432405A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 内江汉安农业科技有限公司 | A kind of daily universal feed of cray and preparation method thereof |
| CN111513008A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-11 | 扬州大学 | Method for breeding procambarus clarkii in laboratory |
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Application publication date: 20181016 |