CN109479777A - A kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method - Google Patents

A kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109479777A
CN109479777A CN201811463484.8A CN201811463484A CN109479777A CN 109479777 A CN109479777 A CN 109479777A CN 201811463484 A CN201811463484 A CN 201811463484A CN 109479777 A CN109479777 A CN 109479777A
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China
Prior art keywords
culture zone
zone
cultivation
breeding
shrimp
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CN201811463484.8A
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CN109479777B (en
Inventor
汪翔
宋光同
何吉祥
崔凯
张静
陈静
吴本丽
黄龙
张烨
佘磊
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Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
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Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
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Priority to CN201811463484.8A priority Critical patent/CN109479777B/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural methods, are applied in a kind of cultivating system, and culture zone and mixed zone is arranged in cultivating system.The cultural method includes: all biological bacterium colonies killed except in cultivating system；To the water body aeration in culture zone；Biological carbon source is added into culture zone；The shrimp seedling of Procambius clarkii is launched into culture zone, the excreta of shrimp seedling is as biological nitrogen source；In mixed zone, the biological bacterium colony that weight is Procambius clarkii weight 2-4%, the biological carbon source for the volume 0.01 ‰ for accounting for breeding water body were launched every 3-5 days, and convey out of mixed zone into culture zone；Biological bacteria falls under biological nitrogen source and the promotion of biological carbon source and forms biological flocculation in culture zone；Keep the depth of breeding water body in culture zone constant；After cultivation 15-20 days, the granular biological flocculation in culture zone is removed.The speed of growth and yield of Procambius clarkii can be improved in the present invention.

Description

A kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of cultural technique field more particularly to a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii to cultivate Method.
Background technique
Procambius clarkii is commonly called as cray, belongs to economic freshwater shrimps, because its meat flavour is delicious wide welcomed by the people.Kirschner It is fast, adaptable that former crayfish has the characteristics that omnivorousness, the speed of growth, thus excellent with absolute competition in ecological environment Gesture.The range of ingesting of Procambius clarkii includes water plant, algae, aquatic insect, animal carcass etc., also from mutually residual when food is deficient scarce It kills.
After Procambius clarkii mode of reproduction is by launching under kind in pond at present, voluntarily breed under field conditions (factors). But in existing Procambius clarkii cultural method, need to refresh the water periodically, waste water resource, and water correction effect is unknown It is aobvious, while it being also difficult to the disease of prevention and control Procambius clarkii, cause the problem that Procambius clarkii cultured output is low, aquaculture cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method, has energy conservation and subtracts Row, high-efficient advantage solve existing Procambius clarkii cultural method needs and refresh the water periodically, waste water resource, and water quality Improvement is unobvious, while being also difficult to the disease of prevention and control Procambius clarkii, cause Procambius clarkii cultured output it is low, cultivation at This high problem.
The present invention is implemented with the following technical solutions: a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method, is applied to one kind In cultivating system, the cultivating system setting culture zone and mixed zone, the culture zone are used to cultivate Procambius clarkii, described mixed Area is closed for receiving outside liquid with the feed flow into the culture zone, at the same also receive the liquid of the discharge culture zone in with The culture zone constitutes fluid circulation system；
The cultural method includes:
3 days before launching shrimp seedling, the culture zone Xiang Suoshu and the mixed zone are filled to certain depth respectively, and to described Water body in the culture zone and mixed zone carries out disinfection respectively, and also carries out disinfection to entire cultivating system, kills except described All biological bacterium colonies in cultivating system；
2 days before launching shrimp seedling, bottom oxygenation from the culture zone, to be aerated to the water body in the culture zone；
Biological carbon source is added 1 day before launching shrimp seedling, in the culture zone Xiang Suoshu, the biology carbon source accounts in the culture zone The 0.01 ‰ of the volume of breeding water body, the biology carbon source includes chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses；
On the day of dispensing shrimp seedling, the shrimp seedling of Procambius clarkii is launched in the culture zone Xiang Suoshu, and complete in launch process Journey is from the bottom oxygenation of the culture zone, and the excreta of the shrimp seedling is as biological nitrogen source；
Later, in the mixed zone, daily morning and at dusk dispensing weight are the 2-4% of Procambius clarkii weight Shrimp milk powder forms food mixed liquor in the mixed zone, conveys the food into the culture zone out of described mixed zone Mixed liquor, wherein the food mixed liquor is inputted from the top of described culture zone one end, and the food mixed liquor conveying terminates Afterwards, it is supplied water by the mixed zone from the bottom of described culture zone the same end；
Meanwhile in the mixed zone, every 3-5 days launch weight be Procambius clarkii weight 2-4% biological bacterium colony, The biological carbon source of the volume 0.01 ‰ of the breeding water body is accounted for, it is mixed with the source for forming biological flocculation in the mixed zone Liquid is closed, conveys the source mixed liquor into the culture zone out of described mixed zone, wherein the source mixed liquor is from described The top of culture zone one end inputs, same from the culture zone by the mixed zone after the source mixed liquor conveying It supplies water the bottom at end；The biological bacteria falls under biological nitrogen source and the promotion of biological carbon source and forms biology wadding in the culture zone Group；
At interval of 10-20 days, the water of the addition cultivating system evaporation in the mixed zone Xiang Suoshu, and to the culture zone Interior feed flow is constant to keep the depth of breeding water body in the culture zone；
After cultivation 15-20 days, the granular biological flocculation in the culture zone is removed；
Wherein, the whole PH for keeping breeding water body in the culture zone of cultivation is between 7.2-8.4.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the depth of Xiang Suoshu cultivating system water filling is 1.2m, and keeps described and support The depth for growing water body is also 1.2m.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses are mixed by the weight ratio of 1:4:5.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the biological bacterium colony is by saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, nitrifier It is mixed by the weight ratio of 1:2:2:5.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the cultivating system also sets up dirt colleceting area；The dirt colleceting area is for collecting The sewage and purification that the culture zone is discharged are delivered to the mixed zone；
Wherein, the other end of the dirt colleceting area and the culture zone is separated by by a Unidirectional relief structure；The cultivation Liquid in area flows to the dirt colleceting area by the Unidirectional relief structure one-way.
Further, the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method further include:
After cultivation 15-20 days, it is raw that the bulky grain in the cultivating system is separated using a kind of biological flocculation separator Object floc sedimentation；
The separator includes:
Air lift water pump is used to draw the breeding water body in the dirt colleceting area or the culture zone；
First conveying pipeline, one end are connected to the output end of air lift water pump；
The other end of settlement separator, the first conveying pipeline is located in settlement separator；
Second conveying pipeline, one end are located at the bottom of settlement separator；
Return pipe, one end are located at the top of settlement separator, and the other end is located in the culture zone；And
The other end of solid collector, the second conveying pipeline is located in solid collector；
Wherein, the breeding water body in the culture zone is delivered to settlement separator by the first conveying pipeline by air lift water pump In, biological flocculation in the breeding water body is by volume to small sequence, being successively deposited in the bottom of settlement separator extremely greatly Top；Larger biological flocculation positioned at the bottom of settlement separator, enters in solid collector from the second conveying pipeline；Positioned at sedimentation The relatively atom floc sedimentation at the top of separator, is back in the culture zone from return pipe.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, porous shrimp nest is set in the culture zone, and is thrown to the porous shrimp nest Put the shrimp seedling of the Procambius clarkii；The porous shrimp nest includes:
Cultivation container；
At least one locating shaft is arranged in Cultivation container；
Corresponding at least one locating shaft at least one piece of positioning plate, each locating shaft are vertically mounted on corresponding positioning plate On, and positioning plate is placed in Cultivation container；And multiple cultivation mechanisms, each cultivation mechanism include box for breeding, fixing axle with And muti-piece cultivates plate；Fixing axle is arranged in box for breeding, and the bottom end of fixing axle is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of box for breeding；It is fixed Axis has hollow structure；Muti-piece cultivation plate is mounted in fixing axle, and the inner cavity of box for breeding is separated into multiple breeding spaces, often A breeding spaces are for cultivating at least one cultivation shrimp；It opens up on box for breeding, cultivation plate and is supported for the multiple of breeding water body disengaging Grow hole；
Wherein, multiple cultivation mechanisms are stacked in Cultivation container, and multiple box for breeding pass through corresponding fixing axle Hollow structure and one of locating shaft cooperate and are mounted on locating shaft.
Still further, the bottom of the culture zone is arranged more oxygen supplying tubes, one end of the culture zone be arranged two into Water pipe；Two water inlet pipes are arranged in parallel, and are separately fixed on the inner wall of the culture zone；
Wherein, from the method for the bottom oxygenation of the culture zone are as follows: by more oxygen supplying tubes to the bottom of the culture zone Convey oxygen；
In two water inlet pipes, the water inlet pipe being located above is used to discharge the mixed liquor to the culture zone, under being located at The water inlet pipe of side is used to supply water to the culture zone.
Still further, the culture zone, the dirt colleceting area, the mixed zone are three separated in an aquaculture pond Region；
Wherein, a block baffle is set, and the baffle is arranged along the length direction of aquaculture pond, and by aquaculture pond in aquaculture pond It is separated into two independent accommodating grooves；In two accommodating grooves, the lesser accommodating groove of volume is the mixed zone, and volume is biggish Accommodating groove is separated into the culture zone and the dirt colleceting area by a Unidirectional relief structure.
Still further, the Unidirectional relief structure includes at least one piece that at least one layer of overflow grid and overflow grid are separated by Partition；Overflow grid, baffle end are each perpendicular to the bottom wall of aquaculture pond；
The bottom wall of overflow grid and aquaculture pond has one section of spacing；The bottom end of partition is fixed on the bottom wall of aquaculture pond, and every The height of plate is lower than the height of aquaculture pond, and the height of overflow port is lower than the height of partition.
Batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the invention, by cultivating system and breeding water body disinfection, and to support Water oxygenation is grown, the water quality of breeding water body is improved, and improves oxygen content, to be conducive to the growth of Procambius clarkii, improves life Long speed, and then improve the yield of Procambius clarkii.In the present invention, by conveying biological flocculation to culture zone, and life is utilized Object floc sedimentation technology is to cultivate Procambius clarkii.Since biological flocculation can decompose the Procambius clarkii and Procambius clarkii that die Shelling, and enough shrimp material are provided to Procambius clarkii, so ensure that the water quality of breeding water body, to improve cultivation Survival rate, and further increase the yield of Procambius clarkii.Also, mixed liquor is fed from the top of culture zone one end, and the bottom of from Portion supplies water, and biological flocculation can be made to mix well in culture zone, guarantees to provide sufficient shrimp material to Procambius clarkii, promotion gram The growth of crayfish.The present invention can be accumulated by removing granular biological flocculation to avoid due to more biological flocculation And the generation in Procambius clarkii gill portion is blocked, improve the survival rate of Procambius clarkii.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the structure of cultivating system applied by the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is shown It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that the structure of separator used in the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is shown It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the biological flocculation separator of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is that the structure of porous shrimp nest used in the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the embodiment of the present invention 3 is shown It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the Cultivation container of the porous shrimp nest in Fig. 4 and the scheme of installation of locating shaft；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest in Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the cultivation plate of the cultivation mechanism in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 3 during installation；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Figure 10 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 5；
Figure 11 is that the cultivation mechanism in Figure 10 closes the lid the structural schematic diagram after plate；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the cultivation plate of the cultivation mechanism in Figure 10；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the cultivation mechanism in Figure 10；
Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of the box for breeding of the cultivation mechanism in Figure 10；
Figure 15 is fixing axle, bottom plate and the cultivation plate of another cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 5 Structural schematic diagram；
Figure 16 is fixing axle, bottom plate and the cultivation plate of another cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 5 Structural schematic diagram；
Figure 17 is fixing axle, bottom plate and the structure for cultivating plate of the cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest of the embodiment of the present invention 6 Schematic diagram；
Figure 18 is the structural schematic diagram of the box for breeding of the cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest in Figure 17.
Symbol description:
1 Cultivation container, 18 feed pipe
2 locating shaft, 19 overflow grid
3 cultivation 20 partitions of mechanism
4 box for breeding, 21 aeration tube
5 fixing axle, 22 pin
6 cultivation 23 cover boards of plate
7 cultivation 24 bottom plates of hole
8 positioning plate, 26 air lift water pump
9 mounting hole, 27 first conveying pipeline
10 aquaculture pond, 28 settlement separator
11 oxygen supplying tube, 29 sealing cover
12 water inlet pipe, 30 second conveying pipeline
13 overflow port, 31 return pipe
14 suction pump, 32 solid collector
15 air blower, 33 electronic valve
16 push away 34 strainer of tracheae
17 triple valve, 35 permeable hole
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, present embodiments providing a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method, it is applied to a kind of cultivation In system.Cultivating system includes aquaculture pond 10, aquaculture pond 10 be arranged culture zone, dirt colleceting area, mixed zone, that is, culture zone, dirt colleceting area, Mixed zone is three regions separated in an aquaculture pond 10.Wherein, a block baffle is set in aquaculture pond 10, and baffle is along feeding The length direction setting in pond 10 is grown, and aquaculture pond 10 is separated into two independent accommodating grooves.In two accommodating grooves, volume compared with Small accommodating groove is mixed zone, and the biggish accommodating groove of volume is separated into culture zone and dirt colleceting area by Unidirectional relief structure.Cultivation System is arranged culture zone and mixed zone, and culture zone is for cultivating Procambius clarkii, and mixed zone is for receiving outside liquid with to supporting Feed flow in area is grown, while receiving the liquid being discharged in culture zone also to be constituted fluid circulation system with culture zone.
Culture zone is used to accommodate the cultivation apparatus for being equipped with cultivation shrimp, and more oxygen supplying tubes 11 are arranged in the bottom of culture zone, cultivates At least one water inlet pipe 12 is arranged in the one end in area.In the present embodiment, the quantity of oxygen supplying tube 11 is three, and three oxygen supplying tubes 11 are flat Row and spaced set.Culture zone setting pushes away tracheae 16, and the same end connection of more oxygen supplying tubes 11 pushes away tracheae 16, air blower 15 Air outlet connection push away wherein one end of tracheae 16.Air blower 15, which blows air into, to be pushed away in tracheae 16, and is transferred to and is supported pipe 11 In, so that the porous shrimp nest of oxygen supplying tube 11 is provided enough oxygen, prevents cultivation shrimp dead due to anoxic, while in purifying aquaculture area Water body.
In the specific implementation process, can the preferably length and width of culture zone be 4m, and height is 1.5m.Meanwhile it is more Hole shrimp nest can be arranged accordingly according to the size of culture zone, to guarantee making full use of for culture zone space.
The quantity of water inlet pipe 12 is two, and two water inlet pipes 12 are arranged in parallel, and is separately fixed at culture zone far from collection On the inner wall in dirty area.Water inlet pipe 12 can provide breeding water body for culture zone, make to generate water flow in culture zone, make to produce in culture zone Life water improves the life condition of cultivation shrimp.Multiple apopores are set on water inlet pipe 12, and apopore makes the cultivation in water inlet pipe 12 Water body is evenly into culture zone.
The other end of dirt colleceting area and culture zone is separated by by a Unidirectional relief structure, and the liquid in culture zone passes through unidirectional Flow structure one-way flow is to dirt colleceting area.Unidirectional relief structure include at least one layer of overflow grid 19, with overflow grid 19 be separated by Few one piece of partition 20.Overflow grid 19,20 end of partition are each perpendicular to the bottom wall of aquaculture pond 10.Biological filter material is set on overflow grid 19, And the bottom wall of overflow grid 19 and aquaculture pond 10 has one section of spacing.The bottom end of partition 20 is fixed on the bottom wall of aquaculture pond 10, and The height of partition 20 is lower than the height of aquaculture pond 10.
Wherein, overflow grid 19 and the bottom wall of aquaculture pond 10 are not attached to, and are to block breeding wastewater will not when excessive Overflow grid 19.And the bottom end of partition 20 is fixed on the bottom wall of aquaculture pond 10, and 20 height of partition is lower than the height of aquaculture pond 10 Degree, is to climb over breeding wastewater to dirt colleceting area from partition 20.The liquid of culture zone can one-way flow to dirt colleceting area, have Conducive to the purification of water body, and biological filter material can be set on overflow grid 19, can further purify water.In the present embodiment In, water purification mechanism can be set in dirt colleceting area, to purify the breeding wastewater entered.
Mixed zone is used to store the liquid of mixing shrimp material.The bottom of dirt colleceting area opens up the liquid for dirt colleceting area and flows to mixed zone Overflow port 13.At least one suction pump 14 corresponding at least one water inlet pipe 12 is arranged in mixed zone, and suction pump 14 extracts mixed The liquid in area is closed, and liquid is transmitted to by culture zone by corresponding water inlet pipe 12.Mixed zone also sets up aeration tube 21, and shrimp Material is biological flocculation feed.Aeration tube 21 to mixed zone oxygenation, and in mixed zone stir mixed biologic floc sedimentation feed liquid. When using circulating water culture system, biological flocculation can be put into mixed zone at regular intervals, in this way, the biology being put into Floc sedimentation enters culture zone by suction pump 14, water inlet pipe 12, realizes the feeding to cultivation shrimp, while biological flocculation can be to cultivation Water quality in area is purified.
In some embodiments including the present embodiment, culture zone also sets up triple valve 17, and the two of triple valve 17 A output end is connected with the import of two water inlet pipes 12 respectively, and the input terminal of triple valve 17 is drawn water by a connection of feed pipe 18 The water outlet of pump 14.Wherein, in two water inlet pipes 12, the water inlet pipe 12 being located above is used to discharge shrimp material, position to culture zone Water inlet pipe 12 in lower section is used to supply water to culture zone.When specifically used, when needing to supply water to culture zone, pass through triple valve 17, the water inlet pipe 12 for discharging shrimp material is closed, the water inlet pipe 12 of lower section is opened simultaneously, on the contrary, discharging shrimp material to culture zone When, the water inlet pipe 12 of lower section is closed, and open the water inlet pipe 12 of top.In some embodiments, two water inlet pipes 12 can be same Shi Kaiqi, and it is not provided with triple valve 17 at this time, make to be located below the water supply of water inlet pipe 12, and the water inlet pipe 12 being located above discharges Shrimp material, shrimp material can parabolically track falls in culture zone, is mixed in shrimp material sufficiently in culture zone, feeds intake to realize.
Further, culture zone also sets up temperature control equipment.Temperature control equipment includes heater, controller and more A temperature measurement structure.Temperature measurement structure is used to detect the water temperature in culture zone.Controller is in lower than one default temperature of water temperature It spends for the moment, driving heater heats liquid in culture zone, and until water temperature reaches preset temperature a period of time, control heater Stop heating.In this way, can heat to culture zone when the temperature in culture zone is too low, making to cultivate shrimp and be in is suitable for life At a temperature of long, and then the speed of growth of cultivation shrimp is improved, to improve the yield of cultivation shrimp.
Aquaculture pond 10 is divided into 3 big functional areas (culture zone, dirt colleceting area, mixed zone) by the cultivating system of the present embodiment, and 3 functional areas are connected by the unidirectional closed circulation of water flow.This is because the wall face height of aquaculture pond 10 is greater than partition 20 height are greater than the height of overflow port 13, to form pressure difference between culture zone, dirt colleceting area, mixed zone, i.e. culture zone water body Most deep, dirt colleceting area is taken second place, and mixed zone water depth is minimum.This has just been ensured enters after water body can only flow into dirt colleceting area from culture zone Mixed zone, in mixed zone, water body is drawn into culture zone again by suction pump, reaches the flow field of unidirectional closed circulation.Therefore this system The flow field of lateral flow is increased, on the perturbation scheme up and down of traditional biological floc sedimentation technology so as to cause the biology wadding of bulky grain Group's deposition position shifts to dirt colleceting area direction.Overflow grid 19 force the outlet of the pressure difference of culture zone and dirt colleceting area in bottom of pond Near, the biological flocculation for being more advantageous to bulky grain is mobile to dirt colleceting area.There is no aeration tube to form disturbance up and down, institute in dirt colleceting area With under the action of water pressure, bulky grain biological flocculation is settled, only little particle biological flocculation can overflowing from dirt colleceting area top Head piece 13 enters mixed zone, returns to culture zone.In dirt colleceting area the ammonia nitrogen that is discharged under anaerobic reaction of biological flocculation of deposition then into Enter mixed zone and provide energy for neoformation floc sedimentation, reactional equation is seen below:
NH4 ++1.18C6H12O6+HCO3 -+2.06O2→C5H7O2N+6.06H2O+3.07CO2
Therefore the cultivating system of the present embodiment, by setting mixed zone, culture zone and dirt colleceting area, the liquid with shrimp material Enter in culture zone from mixed zone, makes the cultivation shrimp in shrimp material raising culture zone, and the sewage in culture zone is from Unidirectional relief Structure enters dirt colleceting area, and is again introduced into mixed zone, to form unidirectional water circulation system, makes full use of water resource, avoids water The waste of resource.Moreover, in the present embodiment, liquid is in a single direction flowing, and water inlet pipe 12 can be played and be made The effect of stream avoids the formation of stagnant water, while oxygen supplying tube 11 being arranged in culture zone, can improve liquid to culture zone oxygenation Oxygen content increases the yield of cultivation shrimp.The overflow grid 19 of Unidirectional relief structure one section of spacing of the bottom wall apart from aquaculture pond 10, partition 20 bottom end is fixed on the bottom wall of aquaculture pond 10, and 20 height of partition is lower than the height of aquaculture pond 10, so that culture zone Liquid can one-way flow be conducive to the purification of water body to dirt colleceting area, and biological filter material can be set on overflow grid 19, can be with Further purify water.
On the basis of above-mentioned cultivating system, the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the present embodiment includes following step It is rapid:
(1) 3 days before launching shrimp seedling, it is filled to certain depth respectively to culture zone and mixed zone, and in culture zone It carries out disinfection with the water body in mixed zone, and also carries out disinfection to entire cultivating system respectively, kill except all in cultivating system Biological bacterium colony.
Wherein, the depth of breeding water body can be configured according to the size of cultivating system in cultivating system, wherein preferably Water filling depth be 1.2 meters.
(2) 2 days before launching shrimp seedling, bottom oxygenation from culture zone, to be aerated to breeding water body.
(3) 1 day before launching shrimp seedling, biological carbon source is added into culture zone, biological carbon source accounts for breeding water body in culture zone Volume 0.01 ‰, biological carbon source includes chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses.
(4) on the day of dispensing shrimp seedling, the shrimp seedling of Procambius clarkii is launched into culture zone, and whole in launch process Bottom oxygenation from culture zone, the excreta of shrimp seedling is as biological nitrogen source.
(5) in mixed zone, daily morning and the shrimp milk for launching the 2-4% that weight is Procambius clarkii weight at dusk Powder forms food mixed liquor in mixed zone, conveys food mixed liquor into culture zone out of mixed zone, wherein food mixing Liquid is inputted from the top of culture zone one end, after food mixed liquor conveys, by mixed zone from the bottom of culture zone the same end It supplies water.
(6) simultaneously, in mixed zone, every 3-5 days launch weight be Procambius clarkii weight 2-4% biological bacterium colony, The biological carbon source of the volume 0.01 ‰ of breeding water body is accounted for, to form the source mixed liquor of biological flocculation in mixed zone, from mixing Source mixed liquor is conveyed in area into culture zone, wherein source mixed liquor is inputted from the top of culture zone one end, source mixed liquor After conveying, supplied water by mixed zone from the bottom of culture zone the same end；Biological bacteria falls in biological nitrogen source and biological carbon source Biological flocculation is formed under promotion in culture zone.
(7) at interval of 10-20 days, into mixed zone add cultivating system evaporation water, and into culture zone feed flow with Keep the depth of breeding water body in culture zone constant.
(8) after cultivation 15-20 days, the granular biological flocculation in culture zone is removed.
Wherein, the whole PH for keeping breeding water body in culture zone of cultivation is between 7.2-8.4.
Deficiency existing for traditional biological flocculation technique, is in particular in:
The first, bioflocculation Technology application is in production, it is desirable that implementer has certain relevant knowledge background；
The second, the culture of biological flocculation need to additionally increase organic carbon source, adjusts the cost of basicity and improve water mixing Intensity (aeration) cost；In entire breeding process, carbon source is added according to feedstuff feeding amount daily, this also can additionally increase people Work cost；
Third, addition organic carbon source can promote the formation and growth of biological flocculation that will certainly block up when floc sedimentation too high levels The shrimp gill is filled in, prawn growth is influenced, needs to remove extra and aging floc sedimentation from breeding water body in time, prevents it heavy in bottom of pond Product.Therefore how to control floc sedimentation content is a urgent problem to be solved.
And the biological carbon source that the present invention is composed by biological bacterium colony using chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, recycle shrimp seedling Excreta or shrimp seedling corpse as biological nitrogen source, the biological flocculation of formation can decompose the Procambius clarkii to die and kirschner The shelling of former crayfish, and enough shrimp material are provided to Procambius clarkii, so ensure that the water quality of breeding water body, to improve The survival rate of cultivation, and further increase the yield of Procambius clarkii.Also, mixed liquor is fed from the top of culture zone one end, And supply water from bottom, biological flocculation can be made to mix well in culture zone, guarantee to provide sufficient shrimp material to Procambius clarkii, Promote the growth of Procambius clarkii.The present invention, can be to avoid due to more biology wadding by removing granular biological flocculation The generation in Procambius clarkii gill portion is accumulated and blocked in group, improves the survival rate of Procambius clarkii.
Chitosan oligosaccharide to promote the release of macrophage activating factor (MAF) (MAF), and then can be activated with activated T lymphocytes Macrophage, and then enhance the premunition of the Procambius clarkii of cultivation.
The shell that Procambius clarkii is taken off is degraded to again after being broken down into chitin in the water environment of biological flocculation and alkalinity Chitosan, finally further price reduction is chitosan oligosaccharide under the action of chitosan enzyme.Use the chitosan enzyme that DEAE cellulose is fixed With preferable reusing.Therefore addition chitosan enzyme can not only decompose the shrimp shell being detached from Procambius clarkii cultivation, It again can be by shrimp shell again using being changed into chitosan oligosaccharide.
Chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses can react for biological flocculation provide carbon source, promote heterotrophic microorganism assimilation ammonia nitrogen in water body, Nitrite nitrogen is converted into protein needed for own growth is bred.Biological flocculation be by trichobacteria be skeleton, attachment heterotrophicy bacteria, Nitrifier, fungi, algae, protozoan etc. and some such as polysaccharide secretion pass through electrostatic attraction effect or microorganism point The zoogloea that the extracellular polymeric secreted is gathered into, and be suspended in water body.
Therefore of the invention by conveying biological flocculation to culture zone, and using biological flocculation technology to cultivate kirschner original chela Shrimp.As long as the ratio of chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses, which is not particularly limited, is easily formed biological flocculation, in the present embodiment In, biological carbon source can be mixed by chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses by the weight ratio of 1:4:5.
Biological bacterium colony can be mixed by saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, nitrifier by the weight ratio of 1:2:2:5. The effect of four kinds of bacterium ingredients is: 1, saccharomycete improves the activity of chitosan enzyme, accelerates the decomposition rate of shrimp shell, while protecting and supporting Grow the function of intestinal canal of Procambius clarkii；2, photosynthetic bacteria can degrade the noxious materials such as nitrite, sulfide in water body, realize Bait is served as, purifies water, prevent disease, as functions such as feed addictives；3, bacillus is fast with breeding, vitality is strong The characteristics of, have while proliferation and inhibit the harmful microbes growth and breedings such as harmful bacteria, pathogen, and high activity can be released Amylase, by hardly possible decompose macromolecular substances resolve into available small-molecule substance；4, nitrifier is referred to as " nitrous acid Oxidation person ", because its tieed up raw food source is nitrous acid, it and oxidation, which are closed, can produce nitric acid, chemical energy foot generated So that it is survived.Therefore the toxic chemical substance (ammonia and nitrous acid) in water can be decomposed removal by nitrobacteria, be had The function of purifying water.Wherein it is possible to by the device of the biological flocculation of special degranulation shape to remove above-mentioned biological flocculation, In the next introduction of the present embodiment, a kind of biological flocculation separator can be introduced, realizes the process of above-mentioned removal.
In conclusion the batch production Procambius clarkii of the present embodiment is supported compared to existing Procambius clarkii cultural method Method is grown to have the advantage that
Batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the invention, by cultivating system and breeding water body disinfection, and to support Water oxygenation is grown, the water quality of breeding water body is improved, and improves oxygen content, to be conducive to the growth of Procambius clarkii, improves life Long speed, and then improve the yield of Procambius clarkii.
In the present embodiment, what a kind of mating system that above-mentioned Procambius clarkii can provide through this embodiment was bred out Shrimp seedling is cultivated, wherein parallel and spaced set multiple filter screens can be arranged in culture zone, filter screen will cultivate Differentiation is divided into multiple breeding spaces.The batch production Procambius clarkii mating system of the present embodiment includes:
Step 1 is 1:1 according to male and female ratio, and Procambius clarkii parent is thrown with the density of every cube of water body 20-30 only It puts into breeding space；
Step 2, by least one female shrimp of post-coitum oogenesis, temperature control is cultivated in breeding space；
Step 3 hatches shrimp ovum:
Mode one, shrimp seedling is separated from female shrimp and temperature control hatching is at juvenile prawn；
Mode two after shrimp egg development to Chinese red, washes away it using 2-5cm/s flow velocity water (can be generated by hydraulic giant), Promote shrimp ovum to separate from its parent, isolated shrimp ovum is put into 9-12 degrees Celsius of hatching barrel and is saved；Wherein, mode second is that The shrimp ovum hatched to zoea stage is put into be aerated in incubation in low temperature bucket and is saved；In this way, can continue to reduce environment product The accumulative speed of temperature reaches the period for extending hatching shrimp ovum, to reach and extend the shrimp seedling supply of material time postposition of shrimp seedling membrane Period purpose；
Step 4 takes out separation net and seed shrimp, several cross plastics hairs is hung in culture zone after shrimp seedling membrane Brush；The bottom of pond of cross plastic brush and culture zone after suspension can have the interval of 2-5cm；
Step 5, cultivation juvenile prawn to juvenile prawn are grown to the Procambarus clakii of 3-4cm long.
In some embodiments, in step 3, shrimp seedling is separated to simultaneously temperature control hatching from female shrimp into the method packet of juvenile prawn Include: the temperature by continuously improving breeding water body in culture zone stimulates shrimp seedling and parent to be separated.After female shrimp oogenesis, shrimp When egg development to zoea stage, daily reduce breeding water body water temperature at least 1-2 degree, finally make water temperature be located at 16-18 degree it Between；Water temperature is increased to 24 degree when the shrimp egg development of 80-90% is to Chinese red and can observe eyespot, then for three days on end, with thorn Sharp shrimp seedling is synchronized with parent to be separated.
In step 2, the method for temperature control cultivation includes: the increase that (1) passes through the shrimp egg development degree of female shrimp, correspondingly Reduce the temperature of breeding water body in culture zone；(2) when shrimp egg development eyespot occurs to it, the temperature of breeding water body is kept to exist 16-18 degrees Celsius.
The environment accumulated temperature that the hatching shrimp ovum of Procambius clarkii needs is 450-520 DEG C of d, when average temperature is 25 DEG C It can complete within 15-20 days to hatch；Completion in 90-100 days is then needed to hatch when average temperature is 5 DEG C.However in low water temperature, incubate Rate and survival rate can be greatly reduced.The mating system of the present embodiment first cultivates the hatching of shrimp ovum under the conditions of natural temperature, when Part shrimp egg development reaches after zoea stage that gradually temperature control reduces hatching speed to 16-18 DEG C.When the shrimp ovum of cultivation all reaches Gradually temperature control promotes the synchronous membrane of shrimp seedling to 24 DEG C again after to zoea stage.To keep a certain amount of hatching rate and at On the basis of motility rate, specification is irregular when solving the shrimp seedling emergence of existing Procambius clarkii, the big problem of individual difference. The seedlings of Procambrus clarkii bred by batch production temperature control can be mentioned from First Year December to second year April to market simultaneously For seed, greatly improved for seedling period and new talent Time To Market.
In conclusion the batch production Procambius clarkii mating system of the present embodiment, keeps Procambius clarkii parent empty in breeding Between middle mating, and breeding space in temperature control cultivation, can control the breeding speed of Procambius clarkii, meanwhile, can in high volume pierce The shrimp seedling for swashing Procambius clarkii is synchronized with parent and is separated, to ensure the synchronism of shrimp seedling, avoid with a batch shrimp seedling due to Individual difference caused by the speed of growth is different.Moreover, can be selectively performed emergence by way of temperature control, thus real Existing shrimp seedling is synchronous to emerge, and shrimp seedling neat specification, and meets the needs of batch production anti-season is for seedling.
Referring to Fig. 2, above-mentioned biological flocculation separator includes air lift water pump 26, the first conveying pipeline 27, sedimentation separation Device 28, return pipe 31, solid collector 32, strainer 34, water quality detection module, measurement of oxygen content module, increases second conveying pipeline 30 Oxygen mechanism and controller.
Air lift water pump 26 is used to draw the breeding water body in culture zone, it is of course also possible to draw dirt colleceting area or mixed zone Interior breeding water body.Air lift water pump 26 is located in aquaculture pond 10, can draw biological flocculation, biological flocculation when avoiding excessive concentration The gill of aquatic products is blocked, the survival rate of cultivation shrimp is improved, reduces aquaculture cost.
One end of first conveying pipeline 27 is connected to the output end of air lift water pump 26, to receive the cultivation water of air lift water pump 26 Body.The caliber of first conveying pipeline 27 can be set according to the concentration of biological flocculation, blocking when preventing biological flocculation excessive First conveying pipeline 27.
The other end of first conveying pipeline 27 is located in settlement separator 28, and settlement separator 28 is wadded a quilt with cotton for sedimentation separation biology Group.Wherein, the biological flocculation in breeding water body is by volume to small sequence, being successively deposited in the bottom of settlement separator 28 greatly To top.In the present embodiment, the first conveying pipeline 27 can be using the extraction tube in n shape, can also be using other pipelines.
Second conveying pipeline, 30 one end is located at the bottom of settlement separator 28, and 31 one end of return pipe is located at settlement separator 28 Top, the other end are located in culture zone.Further, the other end of the first conveying pipeline 27 is located at the middle part of settlement separator 28, The other end of return pipe 31 is higher than the liquid level of breeding water body in culture zone.In this way, being located at the larger of the bottom of settlement separator 28 Biological flocculation enters in solid collector 32 from the second conveying pipeline 30；Relatively atom positioned at the top of settlement separator 28 is wadded a quilt with cotton Group, is back in culture zone from return pipe 31.
The other end of second conveying pipeline 30 is located in solid collector 32, and return pipe 31 is located in settlement separator 28 The height of one end is higher than the height of solid collector 32.Make in biggish biological flocculation entrance in solid collector 32 in this way, And be recycled, it avoids polluting.In the present embodiment, the second conveying pipeline 30 can be using the extraction tube in n shape, can also Using other pipelines.
Wherein, the breeding water body in culture zone is delivered to settlement separator 28 by the first conveying pipeline 27 by air lift water pump 26 In, the biological flocculation in breeding water body is by volume to small sequence, the bottom for being successively deposited in settlement separator 28 is extremely pushed up greatly Portion.Larger biological flocculation positioned at the bottom of settlement separator 28 enters in solid collector 32 from the second conveying pipeline 30；It is located at The relatively atom floc sedimentation at the top of settlement separator 28, is back in culture zone from return pipe 31.
Strainer 34 is mounted on the lower section in settlement separator 28 and being located at return pipe 31.Strainer 34 can to biological flocculation into Row filtering, prevent from entering as biggish biological flocculation in return pipe 31 and caused by blocking, while guaranteeing to be again introduced into cultivation The degree of purity of the breeding water body in pond 10.Strainer 34 can have multilayered structure, so that the abundant filtering biological floc sedimentation of strainer 34.Strainer 34 can be removably mounted on the inner wall of settlement separator 28, in order to be mounted and dismounted to strainer 34, convenient pair Strainer 34 is cleaned.
Water quality detection module is used to detect the water quality parameter of breeding water body in culture zone.Wherein, in the parameter of water quality parameter When value is not up to a predetermined quality standard, controller drives air lift water pump 26 to draw the breeding water body in culture zone.In this reality It applies in example, water quality parameter is the turbidity of breeding water body, and water quality detection module is turbidity transducer.In the turbid of turbidity transducer detection When degree is more than a default turbidity, controller starts gas water pump 26.Certainly, in other embodiments, water quality parameter can also be Other parameters.
Measurement of oxygen content module is used to detect the oxygen content in culture zone in breeding water body, and oxygen-enriching mechanism is used for sedimentation point Oxygen is conveyed from device 28.When the oxygen content of measurement of oxygen content module detection is lower than a default oxygen content, controller driving increases Oxygen mechanism conveys oxygen to settlement separator 28.In this way, oxygen can be rich in liquid in settlement separator 28, and it is back to feeding It grows in pond 10, to increase the oxygen content of liquid in aquaculture pond 10, improves breeding efficiency.
In conclusion the biological flocculation separator of the present embodiment, aquaculture pond 10 by setting culture zone, dirt colleceting area and Mixed zone realizes that breeding water body is recycled in aquaculture pond 10, and is divided the biological flocculation in culture zone by separator From, water quality in purifying aquaculture pond 10, building up for biological flocculation in water cycle process is avoided.It is filled in the separation of the present embodiment In setting, the breeding water body in culture zone is delivered in settlement separator 28 by air lift water pump 26 by the first conveying pipeline 27, makes to give birth to Object floc sedimentation is deposited in settlement separator 28.Meanwhile second conveying pipeline 30 by biggish biological flocculation be delivered to solid receive In storage 32, and lesser is that biological flocculation and cleaning water quality pass through return pipe 31 and is back to culture zone, to realize to cultivation The purification of water body, and the larger biological flocculation for the gill that can block cultivated animals is isolated, be conducive to the cultivation in culture zone The growth of animal, and improve the yield of cultivated animals.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 3, biological flocculation separator used in the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the present embodiment Electronic valve 33 on the basis of in embodiment 1, and electronic valve 33 is used to open or closes the second conveying pipeline 30.
Also, the sedimentation chamber of settlement separator 28 is seal chamber, and is sealed by sealing cover 29.First conveying pipeline The sectional area of 27 other end is S, and the sectional area of one end of the second conveying pipeline 30 is S1, the sectional area of one end of return pipe 31 is S2；Wherein, S=S1+S2, to guarantee the disengaging balance of breeding water body in settlement separator 28.In this way, in settlement separator 28 When breeding water body up to fills seal chamber, the breeding wastewater entered from the first conveying pipeline 27 can oppress biggish biological flocculation from the The discharge of two conveying pipelines 30, oppresses lesser biological flocculation and is back in culture zone from return pipe 31.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are please referred to, the batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method of the present embodiment uses a kind of porous shrimp To cultivate Procambius clarkii, porous shrimp nest is the cultivation apparatus in embodiment 1 and is placed in culture zone nest.Wherein, porous Shrimp nest includes Cultivation container 1, locating shaft 2, positioning plate 8 and cultivation mechanism 3.
The outer profile of Cultivation container 1 is in cuboid, and the top of Cultivation container 1 opens up opening, for being put into cultivation Mechanism 3, certainly, the top of Cultivation container 1 may be sealing structure, and be covered using detachable sealing structure. Cultivation container 1 can be made of corrosion resistant rigid material, prevent Cultivation container 1 during storage breeding water body for a long time Corrosion, while also facilitating and carrying Cultivation container 1.Length, height and the width of Cultivation container 1 can be according to cultivation mechanisms 3 Size is accordingly designed, and cultivation mechanism 3 is enabled sufficiently to occupy the space in Cultivation container 1.On the bottom wall of Cultivation container 1 The drainage hole for breeding wastewater discharge can be opened up, the breeding wastewater in Cultivation container 1 is discharged in time.Certainly, it supports The top for growing container 1 can also open up inlet opening, so that breeding water body passes in and out, and it is corresponding with drainage hole, make Cultivation container 1 Interior breeding water body can be replaced constantly.The height of Cultivation container 1 can also be set according to the height of user of service, convenient User of service accesses the cultivation mechanism 3 in Cultivation container 1, and further access cultivation shrimp.What needs to be explained here is that at other In some embodiments, Cultivation container 1 can be directly as a part or entirety of the aquaculture pond of raising cultivation shrimp.
The quantity of locating shaft 2 can be one, or it is multiple, and locating shaft 2 is arranged in Cultivation container 1.Positioning Axis 2 can also use other corrosion-resistant and big rigidity materials using material used in Cultivation container 1, fixed to guarantee Position axis 2 can be used for a long time.Multiple locating shafts 2 are arranged in matrix, and the length of locating shaft 2 should not be greater than the height of Cultivation container 1 Degree.Cultivation hole 7 can be opened up on locating shaft 2, can not also be opened up cultivation hole 7 and not opened up on locating shaft 2 in the present embodiment Cultivate hole 7.
The quantity of positioning plate 8 is identical as the quantity of locating shaft 2, and every piece of positioning plate 8 is corresponding with a locating shaft 2, and Positioning plate 8 is removably mounted in Cultivation container 1.Each locating shaft 2 is vertically mounted on corresponding positioning plate 8, and is positioned Plate 8 is placed in Cultivation container 1.Positioning plate 8 can be welded on the bottom wall of Cultivation container 1, can also be removably mounted to In Cultivation container 1.Positioning plate 8 can be relatively fixed by locating shaft 2 and Cultivation container 1, in order to 2 subsequent use of locating shaft.
It is multiple for cultivating the quantity of mechanism 3, and each cultivation mechanism 3 includes that box for breeding 4, fixing axle 5 and muti-piece are supported Grow plate 6.Cultivation mechanism 3 can decompose porous shrimp nest, in order to launch the shrimp seedling of cultivation shrimp, while the cultivation mature convenient for harvest Shrimp.
The outer profile of box for breeding 4 is in cuboid, and the cultivation hole 7 for breeding water body disengaging is opened up on box for breeding 4, is being selected When selecting the aperture in cultivation hole 7, it is contemplated that cultivation hole 7 need to limit the case where cultivation shrimp escapes, therefore the cross section face in hole 7 is cultivated Product should be less than the maximum cross section area of shrimp seedling.Cultivation hole 7 is evenly distributed on box for breeding 4, and breeding water body is enable sufficiently to flow It is dynamic, to increase the oxygen content in box for breeding 4, while guaranteeing that enough feeds enter in the breeding spaces in box for breeding 4, improves Cultivate the survival rate of shrimp.
Fixing axle 5 is arranged in box for breeding 4, and the bottom end of fixing axle 5 is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of box for breeding 4.It is fixed Axis 5 has hollow structure, and in the present embodiment, and hollow structure has radius through-hole identical with the radius of locating shaft 2, when So, the through-hole radius of hollow structure also can be slightly less than the radius of locating shaft 2.The length of fixing axle 5 should be less than box for breeding 4 Highly, to meet the stackings of multiple box for breeding 4.
Referring to Fig. 7, muti-piece cultivation plate 6 is mounted in fixing axle 5, and the inner cavity of box for breeding 4 is separated into multiple cultivation Space, each breeding spaces are for cultivating at least one cultivation shrimp.In this way, breeding spaces can be effectively prevented between cultivation shrimp It fights, while conveniently cultivation shrimp is caught, and then improve the survival rate of cultivation shrimp, and further increase cultivation shrimp Yield.Specifically, each cultivation mechanism 3 includes four blocks of cultivation plates 6, and two blocks of adjacent cultivation plates 6 are spaced 90 degree around insertion In corresponding fixing axle 5.Cultivation plate 6 is rectangular slab, and two opposite pins 22, and two pins are arranged in the bottom end of cultivation plate 6 22 are inserted into the bottom wall of box for breeding 4.Also cultivation hole 7 is opened up on cultivation plate 6, to further strengthen breeding water body in box for breeding 4 Flowing, improve box for breeding 4 in oxygen content.
Referring to Fig. 8, multiple cultivation mechanisms 3 are stacked in Cultivation container 1, and multiple box for breeding 4 pass through it is corresponding The hollow structure of fixing axle 5 and one of locating shaft 2 cooperate and are mounted on locating shaft 2, can maximally utilize Cultivation container 1 Cultivation density is improved, and then improves cultured output in interior space.In the present embodiment, on the length direction of Cultivation container 1 Two locating shafts 2, its spacing be greater than or equal to box for breeding 4 length；Two in the width direction of Cultivation container 1 are fixed Position axis 2, its spacing are greater than or equal to the width of box for breeding 4.
In this embodiment, it is preferred that on a wall surface for opening up cultivation hole 7, the hole gross area in all cultivation holes 7 For the 40%-50% of wall surface area.
In conclusion compared to existing cultivation apparatus, the present embodiment can the cultivation of lamination efficient industrial porous shrimp Nest has the advantage that
The present embodiment can lamination efficient industrial cultivation porous shrimp nest, it is feeding by being layered in multiple cultivation mechanisms 3 It grows in container 1, and is installed by 2 pairs of cultivation mechanisms 3 of locating shaft, the space in Cultivation container 1 can be maximally utilized, improve Cultivation density, and then improve cultured output.In the present embodiment, multiple breeding spaces, cultivation shrimp point are provided in cultivation mechanism 3 Cloth can be effectively prevented between cultivation shrimp and fight in breeding spaces, while conveniently catch to cultivation shrimp, in turn The survival rate of cultivation shrimp is improved, and further increases the yield of cultivation shrimp.In the prior art, the cultured output in pond is 250 Pound/acre or so, the density of industrial aquaculture is 16/cubic metre or so, and the cultivation density of porous shrimp nest of the invention can be with Reach 96-120/cubic meter, while under the use of cooperation pulvis feed and biological flocculation cultural technique, making feed and biology Floc sedimentation carries out feeding by cultivation hole 7 and to cultivation shrimp, can reach the survival rate that shrimp is cultivated in the porous shrimp nest of the present embodiment 90% or more, the yield of cultivation shrimp can be greatly increased, the aquaculture cost of cultivation shrimp is reduced.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 9, a kind of porous shrimp nest is present embodiments provided, it is similar to the porous shrimp nest of embodiment 3, and distinguish It is, muti-piece cultivation plate 6 is removably mounted in fixing axle 5, and is opened up on Cultivation container 1 for the permeable of breeding water body disengaging Hole 35.
What needs to be explained here is that Cultivation container 1 independently of aquaculture pond, can be convenient for launching shrimp material.Due in Cultivation container 1 Cultivation shrimp cultivation density it is larger, meanwhile, breeding water body need to be placed on such as Cultivation container 1 under some Special use environment In, the permeable hole 35 on Cultivation container 1 can be such that breeding water body sufficiently passes in and out, to improve the oxygen content in box for breeding 4, simultaneously Guarantee that enough feeds enter in the breeding spaces in box for breeding 4, to improve the survival rate and cultured output of cultivation shrimp.And it supports Growing plate 6 can dismantle from fixing axle 5, can be convenient cleaning cultivation mechanism 3, while facilitating the cultivation shrimp after taking out maturation.
Embodiment 5
Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12 are please referred to, a kind of porous shrimp nest is present embodiments provided, it is porous with embodiment 3 Shrimp nest is similar, only difference is that, the outer profile of the box for breeding 4 of mechanism 3 is cultivated in the present embodiment in barrel-shaped, every piece of cultivation Plate 6 is plectane.Muti-piece cultivates the middle part that plate 6 and box for breeding 4 are coaxially disposed, and cultivate plate 6 and opens up the installation being inserted into for fixing axle 5 Hole 9, so that cultivation 6 phase of plate is stacked in box for breeding 4, but needs guarantee the gap between cultivation plate 6, for the activity of cultivation shrimp and life It deposits.Wherein, positioned at the box for breeding of top 4 have cover board 23, and the bottom surface of cover board 23 have matched with the top of locating shaft 2 Connecting hole so that cover board 23 covers the top in box for breeding 4.Certainly, cultivation hole 7 is opened up on cover board 23, also so as to breeding water body Disengaging.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 is please referred to, the top of box for breeding 4 is hatch frame, in order to the subsequent peace to cultivation plate 6 Dress.In the present embodiment, box for breeding 4 has detachable bottom plate 24, the convenient cleaning to 4 inner wall of box for breeding, while facilitating group Assembly and disassembly；And in other embodiments, the bottom plate 24 of box for breeding 4 can also be integrally formed in the bottom of box for breeding 4, to improve The leakproofness of box for breeding 4.The height of box for breeding 4 can be selected according to the depth of breeding water body, can also be close according to cultivating Degree set, and the radius of box for breeding 4 can according to cultivation shrimp needed for movable space be accordingly arranged, guarantee most Bigization improves the yield of cultivation shrimp using space raising cultivation shrimp.Box for breeding 4 can be made of corrosion resistant rigid material, It avoids box for breeding 4 due to being chronically in breeding water body and the generation of aging, while preventing cultivation shrimp from burrowing simultaneously on box for breeding 4 It escapes.
Position limiting structure is set in fixing axle 5, and position limiting structure is for limiting relatively fixed 5 activity of axis of cultivation plate 6.Wherein, it limits Bit architecture has a structure that
For example, please referring to Figure 15, position limiting structure is the screw thread around fixing axle 5, and mounting hole 9 is screw hole；Cultivation plate 6 passes through Screw thread is matched with screw hole and is mounted in fixing axle 5.In this way, only cultivation plate 6 need to be passed through fixation when installation cultivates plate 6 Axis 5 is screwed into Cultivation container 1, can be in order to cultivate the assembly and disassembly of plate 6, while preventing the length travel of cultivation plate 6, side Porous shrimp nest is just set.
For another example, Figure 16 is please referred to, position limiting structure is more positive stop strips being coaxially disposed with fixing axle 5.The number of positive stop strip Amount can be one, or more, in this citing, the quantity of positive stop strip is four, and uniform ring around and be integrally formed On the outside of fixing axle 5.In this way, positive stop strip can prevent cultivation plate 6 from rotating relative to fixed axis 5.Also, in order to make to cultivate plate There is spacing between 6, lug boss can be set in the bottom center of cultivation plate 6, and offset by lug boss and other cultivation plates 6 To realize above-mentioned spacing.
Embodiment 6
Figure 17 and Figure 18 is please referred to, a kind of porous shrimp nest is present embodiments provided, the porous shrimp nest phase with embodiment 3 Seemingly, only difference is that, muti-piece cultivation plate 6 is equidistantly stacked in box for breeding.Wherein, fixing axle 5 includes coaxially setting The more piece fixed knot set and be connected, the radius of more piece fixed knot are sequentially increased from top to bottom.The hole opened up on cultivation plate 6 middle part with Fixed knot is adapted, so that every section fixed knot is corresponding with one block of cultivation plate 6.In this way, when cultivation density is arranged, it is only necessary to be arranged The quantity of fixed knot.Pick and place cultivate shrimp when, can successively dismantle perhaps install corresponding cultivation plate 6 and taking-up or It is put into cultivation shrimp, to improve breeding efficiency.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method is applied in a kind of cultivating system, which is characterized in that the cultivation Culture zone and mixed zone is arranged in system, and the culture zone is for cultivating Procambius clarkii, and the mixed zone is for receiving outer liquid Body receives the liquid being discharged in the culture zone also with the feed flow into the culture zone to be constituted liquid with the culture zone The circulatory system；
The cultural method includes:
3 days before launching shrimp seedling, the culture zone Xiang Suoshu and the mixed zone are filled to certain depth respectively, and to the cultivation Water body in the area and mixed zone carries out disinfection respectively, and also carries out disinfection to entire cultivating system, kills except the cultivation All biological bacterium colonies in system；
2 days before launching shrimp seedling, bottom oxygenation from the culture zone, to be aerated to the water body in the culture zone；
Biological carbon source is added 1 day before launching shrimp seedling, in the culture zone Xiang Suoshu, the biology carbon source, which accounts in the culture zone, to be cultivated The 0.01 ‰ of the volume of water body, the biology carbon source includes chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, molasses；
Launch shrimp seedling on the day of, the culture zone Xiang Suoshu in dispensing Procambius clarkii shrimp seedling, and in launch process whole process from The bottom oxygenation of the culture zone, the excreta of the shrimp seedling is as biological nitrogen source；
Later, in the mixed zone, daily morning and the shrimp milk for launching the 2-4% that weight is Procambius clarkii weight at dusk Powder forms food mixed liquor in the mixed zone, conveys the food mixing into the culture zone out of described mixed zone Liquid, wherein the food mixed liquor is inputted from the top of described culture zone one end, after the food mixed liquor conveying, is led to The mixed zone is crossed to supply water from the bottom of described culture zone the same end；
Meanwhile in the mixed zone, every 3-5 days launch weight for Procambius clarkii weight 2-4% biological bacterium colony, account for institute The biological carbon source of the volume 0.01 ‰ of breeding water body is stated, to form the source mixing of biological flocculation in the mixed zone Liquid conveys the source mixed liquor out of described mixed zone into the culture zone, wherein the source mixed liquor is supported from described The top input for growing area one end, after source mixed liquor conveying, by the mixed zone from described culture zone the same end Bottom supply water；The biological bacteria falls under biological nitrogen source and the promotion of biological carbon source and forms biology wadding in the culture zone Group；
At interval of 10-20 days, the water of the addition cultivating system evaporation in the mixed zone Xiang Suoshu, and supplied into the culture zone Liquid is constant to keep the depth of breeding water body in the culture zone；
After cultivation 15-20 days, the granular biological flocculation in the culture zone is removed；
Wherein, the whole PH for keeping breeding water body in the culture zone of cultivation is between 7.2-8.4.
2. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water filling of Xiang Suoshu cultivating system Depth be 1.2m, and keeping the depth of the breeding water body is also 1.2m.
3. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide, sugar Honey is mixed by the weight ratio of 1:4:5.
4. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the biology bacterium colony is by yeast Bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, nitrifier are mixed by the weight ratio of 1:2:2:5.
5. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivating system is also set up Dirt colleceting area；The dirt colleceting area is used to collect the sewage of the culture zone discharge and purification is delivered to the mixed zone；
Wherein, the other end of the dirt colleceting area and the culture zone is separated by by a Unidirectional relief structure；In the culture zone Liquid the dirt colleceting area is flowed to by the Unidirectional relief structure one-way.
6. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the batch production kirschner original chela Shrimp aquaculture method further include:
After cultivation 15-20 days, the granular biological floc sedimentation in the cultivating system is separated using a kind of biological flocculation separator；
The separator includes:
Air lift water pump (26) is used to draw the breeding water body in the dirt colleceting area or the culture zone；
First conveying pipeline (27), one end are connected to the output end of air lift water pump (26)；
The other end of settlement separator (28), the first conveying pipeline (27) is located in settlement separator (28)；
Second conveying pipeline (30), one end are located at the bottom of settlement separator (28)；
Return pipe (31), one end are located at the top of settlement separator (28), and the other end is located in the culture zone；And
The other end of solid collector (32), the second conveying pipeline (30) is located in solid collector (32)；
Wherein, the breeding water body in the culture zone is delivered to sedimentation separation by the first conveying pipeline (27) by air lift water pump (26) In device (28), biological flocculation in the breeding water body is by volume to small sequence, being successively deposited in settlement separator greatly (28) bottom to top；Larger biological flocculation positioned at the bottom of settlement separator (28) enters from the second conveying pipeline (30) In solid collector (32)；Relatively atom floc sedimentation positioned at the top of settlement separator (28) is back to institute from return pipe (31) It states in culture zone.
7. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be arranged in the culture zone more Hole shrimp nest, and launch to the porous shrimp nest shrimp seedling of the Procambius clarkii；The porous shrimp nest includes:
Cultivation container (1)；
At least one locating shaft (2) is arranged in Cultivation container (1)；
At least one piece of positioning plate (8) corresponding at least one locating shaft (2), each locating shaft (2) is vertically mounted on corresponding On positioning plate (8), and positioning plate (8) is placed in Cultivation container (1)；And multiple cultivation mechanisms (3), each cultivation mechanism It (3) include box for breeding (4), fixing axle (5) and muti-piece cultivation plate (6)；Fixing axle (5) is arranged in box for breeding (4), and fixed The bottom end of axis (5) is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of box for breeding (4)；Fixing axle (5) has hollow structure；Muti-piece cultivates plate (6) peace Multiple breeding spaces are separated on fixing axle (5), and by the inner cavity of box for breeding (4), each breeding spaces are for cultivating extremely A few cultivation shrimp；Multiple cultivation holes (7) for breeding water body disengaging are opened up on box for breeding (4), cultivation plate (6)；
Wherein, multiple cultivation mechanisms (3) are stacked in Cultivation container (1), and multiple box for breeding (4) pass through corresponding fixation The hollow structure of axis (5) and one of locating shaft (2) cooperate and are mounted on locating shaft (2).
8. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the bottom of the culture zone is set More oxygen supplying tubes (11) are set, two water inlet pipes (12) are arranged in one end of the culture zone；Two water inlet pipes (12) are arranged in parallel, and It is separately fixed on the inner wall of the culture zone；
Wherein, from the method for the bottom oxygenation of the culture zone are as follows: pass through the bottom of more oxygen supplying tube (11) culture zones Xiang Suoshu Convey oxygen；
In two water inlet pipes (12), the water inlet pipe (12) being located above is used to discharge the mixed liquor, position to the culture zone Water inlet pipe (12) in lower section is used to supply water to the culture zone.
9. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the culture zone, the collection Dirty area, the mixed zone are three regions separated in an aquaculture pond (10)；
Wherein, a block baffle is set in aquaculture pond (10), and the baffle is arranged along the length direction of aquaculture pond (10), and rests It grows pond (10) and is separated into two independent accommodating grooves；In two accommodating grooves, the lesser accommodating groove of volume is the mixed zone, is held The biggish accommodating groove of product is separated into the culture zone and the dirt colleceting area by a Unidirectional relief structure.
10. batch production Procambius clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the Unidirectional relief structure Including at least one layer of overflow grid (19), at least one piece of partition (20) being separated by with overflow grid (19)；Overflow grid (19), partition (20) End is each perpendicular to the bottom wall of aquaculture pond (10)；
Overflow grid (19) and the bottom wall of aquaculture pond (10) have one section of spacing；The bottom end of partition (20) is fixed on aquaculture pond (10) On bottom wall, and the height of partition (20) is lower than the height of aquaculture pond (10), and the height of overflow port (13) is lower than partition (20) Highly.
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