CN109479777B

CN109479777B - Industrial procambarus clarkii culture method

Info

Publication number: CN109479777B
Application number: CN201811463484.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪翔; 宋光同; 何吉祥; 崔凯; 张静; 陈静; 吴本丽; 黄龙; 张烨; 佘磊
Original assignee: Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
Current assignee: Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
Priority date: 2018-12-03
Filing date: 2018-12-03
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-03
Also published as: CN109479777A

Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial procambarus clarkii breeding method which is applied to a breeding system, wherein the breeding system is provided with a breeding area and a mixing area. The culture method comprises the following steps: killing all biological colonies in the culture system; aerating the water body in the culture area; adding a biological carbon source into the culture area; putting the shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkii into the culture area, wherein the excrement of the shrimp seeds is used as a biological nitrogen source; in the mixing area, biological colonies with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii and a biological carbon source accounting for 0.01 per mill of the volume of the culture water body are put in every 3-5 days, and the biological carbon sources are conveyed into the culture area from the mixing area; the biological colonies form biological floccules in the culture area under the promotion of a biological nitrogen source and a biological carbon source; keeping the depth of the culture water body in the culture area unchanged; after 15-20 days of cultivation, removing granular biological floccules in the cultivation area. The invention can improve the growth speed and the yield of the procambarus clarkii.

Description

Industrial procambarus clarkii culture method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a culture method in the technical field of culture, in particular to an industrial procambarus clarkia culture method.

Background

The procambarus clarkii is commonly called crayfish, belongs to the freshwater economic shrimp, and is popular with people because of delicious meat taste. The procambarus clarkii has the characteristics of omnivory, high growth speed, strong adaptability and the like, thereby having absolute competitive advantage in ecological environment. The feeding range of the procambarus clarkii comprises aquatic weeds, algae, aquatic insects, animal carcasses and the like, and the procambarus clarkii can be killed by self when food is deficient.

At present, the procambarus clarkii is bred automatically under natural conditions after being put in a pond. However, in the existing procambarus clarkia cultivation method, water needs to be changed periodically, water resources are wasted, the water quality improvement effect is not obvious, and meanwhile, the disease of the procambarus clarkia is difficult to prevent and control, so that the problems of low cultivation yield and high cultivation cost of the procambarus clarkia are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method, which has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction and high efficiency, and solves the problems that the conventional procambarus clarkia cultivation method needs to change water periodically, wastes water resources, has an unobvious water quality improvement effect, is difficult to prevent and control diseases of procambarus clarkia, and causes low procambarus clarkia cultivation yield and high cultivation cost.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an industrial procambarus clarkii culture method is applied to a culture system, the culture system is provided with a culture area and a mixing area, the culture area is used for culturing procambarus clarkii, the mixing area is used for receiving external liquid to supply liquid into the culture area, and meanwhile, the mixing area also receives liquid discharged from the culture area to form a liquid circulating system with the culture area;

the culture method comprises the following steps:

3 days before the shrimp larvae are put in, respectively injecting water into the culture area and the mixing area to a certain depth, respectively disinfecting water bodies in the culture area and the mixing area, and disinfecting the whole culture system to kill all biological colonies in the culture system;

increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area 2 days before the shrimp fries are put in, so as to aerate the water body in the culture area;

adding a biological carbon source into the culture area 1 day before putting the shrimp larvae, wherein the biological carbon source accounts for 0.01 per mill of the volume of a culture water body in the culture area, and the biological carbon source comprises chitosanase, chitosan oligosaccharide and molasses;

on the day of putting the shrimp seeds, putting the shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkii into the culture area, and increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area in the whole putting process, wherein excrement of the shrimp seeds is used as a biological nitrogen source;

then, putting shrimp milk powder with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii in the mixing area every morning and evening every day, forming a food mixed liquid in the mixing area, and conveying the food mixed liquid from the mixing area to the culture area, wherein the food mixed liquid is input from the top of one end of the culture area, and after the conveying of the food mixed liquid is finished, water is supplied from the bottom of the same end of the culture area through the mixing area;

meanwhile, feeding biological colonies with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii and the biological carbon source accounting for 0.01 per thousand of the volume of the aquaculture water body into the mixing zone every 3-5 days so as to form a source mixed liquid of biological floccules in the mixing zone, and conveying the source mixed liquid into the aquaculture zone from the mixing zone, wherein the source mixed liquid is input from the top of one end of the aquaculture zone, and after the source mixed liquid is conveyed, water is supplied from the bottom of the same end of the aquaculture zone through the mixing zone; the biological colonies form biological floccules in the culture area under the promotion of a biological nitrogen source and a biological carbon source;

adding the evaporated water volume of the culture system into the mixing area every 10-20 days, and supplying liquid into the culture area to keep the depth of culture water in the culture area unchanged;

removing granular biological floccules in the culture area after 15-20 days of culture;

wherein the PH of the culture water body in the culture area is kept between 7.2 and 8.4 in the whole culture process.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the depth of water injection into the culture system is 1.2m, and the depth of the culture water body is kept to be 1.2 m.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the chitosanase, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the molasses are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:4: 5.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the biological colony is prepared by mixing yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and nitrobacteria according to the weight ratio of 1:2:2: 5.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the culture system is also provided with a sewage collecting area; the sewage collecting area is used for collecting sewage discharged by the culture area, purifying and conveying the sewage to the mixing area;

wherein the sewage collecting area is separated from the other end of the culture area by a one-way overflow structure; and liquid in the culture area flows to the sewage collecting area in a unidirectional mode through the unidirectional overflow structure.

Further, the industrial procambarus clarkii breeding method further comprises the following steps:

after 15-20 days of culture, separating large-particle biological flocs in the culture system by using a biological floc separation device;

the separation device includes:

the air stripping water pump is used for sucking the culture water body in the sewage collecting area or the culture area;

one end of the first material conveying pipe is communicated with the output end of the air stripping water pump;

the other end of the first conveying pipeline is positioned in the sedimentation separator;

a second feed delivery pipe, one end of which is positioned at the bottom of the sedimentation separator;

a return pipe, one end of which is positioned at the top of the sedimentation separator and the other end of which is positioned in the culture area; and

the other end of the second conveying pipeline is positioned in the solid collector;

the culture water body in the culture area is conveyed to a sedimentation separator through a first conveying pipe by an air stripping water pump, and biological floccules in the culture water body are sequentially settled from the bottom to the top of the sedimentation separator according to the sequence of the sizes from large to small; the larger biological flocs positioned at the bottom of the sedimentation separator enter the solid collector from the second conveying pipeline; the smaller biological flocks, which are located at the top of the settling separator, flow back into the culture zone from the return pipe.

As a further improvement of the scheme, a porous shrimp nest is arranged in the culture area, and shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkia are put into the porous shrimp nest; the porous shrimp nest comprises:

a culture container;

at least one positioning shaft disposed in the cultivation container;

at least one positioning plate corresponding to at least one positioning shaft, wherein each positioning shaft is vertically arranged on the corresponding positioning plate, and the positioning plates are placed in the culture container; each breeding mechanism comprises a breeding box, a fixed shaft and a plurality of breeding plates; the fixed shaft is arranged in the breeding box, and the bottom end of the fixed shaft is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of the breeding box; the fixed shaft is provided with a hollow structure; the plurality of culture plates are arranged on the fixed shaft and divide the inner cavity of the culture box into a plurality of culture spaces, and each culture space is used for culturing at least one cultured shrimp; a plurality of culture holes for the in-and-out of the culture water body are formed in the culture box and the culture plate;

wherein, a plurality of mechanisms of breeding set up in the breed container in range upon range of, and a plurality of breed casees through the hollow structure of the fixed axle that corresponds and one of them location axle cooperation and install on the location axle.

Furthermore, a plurality of oxygen supply pipes are arranged at the bottom of the culture area, and two water inlet pipes are arranged at one end of the culture area; the two water inlet pipes are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the culture area;

the method for increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area comprises the following steps: delivering oxygen to the bottom of the culture area through a plurality of oxygen supply pipes;

in two inlet tubes, the inlet tube that is located the top be used for to breed the district release mixed liquid, the inlet tube that is located the below be used for to breed the district and supply water.

Furthermore, the culture area, the sewage collecting area and the mixing area are three areas separated in a culture pond;

the device comprises a culture pond, a baffle plate, a plurality of storage grooves and a plurality of baffle plates, wherein the culture pond is internally provided with the baffle plate, the baffle plate is arranged along the length direction of the culture pond and divides the culture pond into two independent storage grooves; in two holding grooves, the holding groove with smaller volume is the mixing area, the holding groove with larger volume is separated into the breeding area and the sewage collecting area through a one-way overflow structure.

Still further, the unidirectional overflow structure comprises at least one layer of overflow grid and at least one partition plate which is separated from the overflow grid; the overflow grid and the partition plate end are both vertical to the bottom wall of the culture pond;

the overflow grid and the bottom wall of the culture pond are provided with a distance; the bottom end of the partition plate is fixed on the bottom wall of the culture pond, the height of the partition plate is lower than that of the culture pond, and the height of the overflow port is lower than that of the partition plate.

According to the industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method, the cultivation system and the cultivation water body are disinfected, oxygen is added to the cultivation water body, the water quality of the cultivation water body is improved, the oxygen content is improved, the growth of the procambarus clarkia is facilitated, the growth speed is improved, and the yield of the procambarus clarkia is further improved. In the invention, the procambarus clarkii is cultivated by conveying the biological floc to the cultivation area and utilizing the biological floc technology. The biological flocs can decompose dead procambarus clarkia and unshelling of the procambarus clarkia, and provide enough shrimp feed for the procambarus clarkia, so that the water quality of the culture water is ensured, the culture survival rate is improved, and the yield of the procambarus clarkia is further improved. And the mixed liquid is supplied from the top of one end of the culture area, and water is supplied from the bottom, so that the biological flocs can be fully and uniformly mixed in the culture area, sufficient shrimp feed can be provided for the procambarus clarkia, and the growth of the procambarus clarkia is promoted. The invention can avoid blocking the gill part of the procambarus clarkii due to the accumulation of more biological flocs by removing the granular biological flocs, and improve the survival rate of the procambarus clarkii.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a culture system to which the industrial method for culturing procambarus clarkia according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a separation apparatus used in an industrial Procambrus clarkii breeding method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a biological floc separating apparatus according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous shrimp nest used in the industrial Procambrus clarkii breeding method in example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the cultivation container and the positioning shaft of the multi-hole shrimp nest in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation mechanism of the multi-hole shrimp nest in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the cultivation plate of the cultivation mechanism in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a multi-hole shrimp nest in accordance with example 3 of the present invention when it is installed;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a porous shrimp nest according to example 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a breeding mechanism of a multi-hole shrimp nest according to example 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the cultivation mechanism of FIG. 10 after the cover plate is covered;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the cultivation plate of the cultivation mechanism in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a bottom plate of the breeding mechanism in FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation box of the cultivation facility in FIG. 10;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a fixing shaft, a bottom plate and a cultivation plate of another cultivation mechanism for a multi-hole shrimp nest according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a fixing shaft, a bottom plate and a cultivation plate of another cultivation mechanism of the multi-hole shrimp nest in embodiment 5 of the invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a fixing shaft, a bottom plate and a cultivation plate of the cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation box of the cultivation mechanism of the porous shrimp nest in fig. 17.

Description of the symbols:

1 cultivation container 18 feeding pipe

2 positioning shaft 19 overflow grid

3 mechanism 20 baffle breeds

4 breed case 21 aeration pipe

5 fixing shaft 22 pin

6 breed board 23 apron

7 breeding hole 24 bottom plate

8 positioning plate 26 air stripping water pump

9 mounting hole 27 first delivery conduit

10 culture pond 28 sedimentation separator

11 oxygen supply tube 29 sealing cover

12 water inlet pipe 30 second material conveying pipe

13 overflow port 31 return pipe

14 suction pump 32 solid collector

15 blower 33 electronic valve

16 air push pipe 34 filter screen

17 three-way valve 35 water permeable hole

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides an industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method, which is applied to a cultivation system. The culture system comprises a culture pond 10, wherein the culture pond 10 is provided with a culture area, a sewage collecting area, a mixed area, namely a culture area, a sewage collecting area and three areas which are separated in one culture pond 10. Wherein, set up a baffle in breeding the pond 10, and the baffle sets up along the length direction who breeds the pond 10 to separate into two independent grooves of accomodating with breeding the pond 10. In the two holding grooves, the holding groove with smaller volume is a mixing area, and the holding groove with larger volume is separated into a culture area and a sewage collecting area through a one-way overflow structure. The culture system is provided with a culture area and a mixing area, wherein the culture area is used for culturing the procambarus clarkii, and the mixing area is used for receiving external liquid to supply liquid to the culture area and simultaneously receiving liquid discharged from the culture area to form a liquid circulation system with the culture area.

Breed the district and be used for holding the breeding device who is equipped with the breed shrimp, the bottom in breed district sets up many oxygen supply pipes 11, and the one end in breed district sets up at least one inlet tube 12. In this embodiment, the number of the oxygen supply tubes 11 is three, and the three oxygen supply tubes 11 are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals. The cultivation area is provided with an air push pipe 16, the same end of each of the oxygen supply pipes 11 is communicated with the air push pipe 16, and an air outlet of the air blower 15 is communicated with one end of the air push pipe 16. The air blower 15 blows air into the air push pipe 16 and transfers the air into the oxygen supply pipe 11, so that the oxygen supply pipe 11 provides enough oxygen for the porous shrimp nests, the cultured shrimps are prevented from dying due to oxygen deficiency, and meanwhile, the water in the culture area is purified.

In a specific implementation process, the length, the width and the height of the culture area are preferably 4m and 1.5m respectively. Meanwhile, the porous shrimp nests can be correspondingly arranged according to the size of the culture area so as to ensure the full utilization of the space of the culture area.

The quantity of inlet tube 12 is two, and two inlet tube 12 parallel arrangement to fix respectively on the inner wall of keeping away from the dirty district of collection in breed district. The water inlet pipe 12 can provide aquaculture water for the aquaculture area, so that water flow is generated in the aquaculture area, running water is generated in the aquaculture area, and the survival conditions of aquaculture shrimps are improved. The water inlet pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes, and the water outlet holes enable the aquaculture water in the water inlet pipe 12 to uniformly enter the aquaculture area.

The other end of the sewage collecting area is separated from the other end of the culture area through a one-way overflow structure, and liquid in the culture area flows to the sewage collecting area in a one-way mode through the one-way overflow structure. The unidirectional overflow structure comprises at least one layer of overflow grid 19 and at least one partition plate 20 which is separated from the overflow grid 19. The ends of the overflow gate 19 and the partition plate 20 are perpendicular to the bottom wall of the culture pond 10. The overflow grate 19 is provided with a biological filter material, and a distance is reserved between the overflow grate 19 and the bottom wall of the culture pond 10. The bottom end of the partition board 20 is fixed on the bottom wall of the culture pond 10, and the height of the partition board 20 is lower than that of the culture pond 10.

The overflow grid 19 is not connected to the bottom wall of the culture pond 10, so that the culture wastewater cannot block the overflow grid 19 when being excessive. The bottom end of the partition board 20 is fixed on the bottom wall of the culture pond 10, and the height of the partition board 20 is lower than that of the culture pond 10, so that the culture wastewater turns over from the partition board 20 to the sewage collecting area. The liquid in the culture area can flow to the sewage collecting area in a one-way mode, purification of water is facilitated, and the overflow grid 19 can be provided with a biological filter material, so that water quality can be further purified. In this embodiment, can set up water purification mechanism in the dirty district of collection to purify the breed waste water that gets into.

The mixing area is used for storing the liquid of the mixed shrimp feed. The bottom of the sewage collecting area is provided with an overflow port 13 for the liquid in the sewage collecting area to flow to the mixing area. The mixing area is provided with at least one water suction pump 14 corresponding to the at least one water inlet pipe 12, and the water suction pump 14 sucks liquid in the mixing area and transmits the liquid to the culture area through the corresponding water inlet pipe 12. The mixing area is also provided with an aeration pipe 21, and the shrimp feed is biological floc feed. Aeration tubes 21 provide oxygen to the mixing zone and agitate the liquid in the mixing zone to mix the bioflocculated feed. When the recirculating aquaculture system is used, biological flocs can be put into the mixing area at intervals, so that the put-in biological flocs enter the aquaculture area through the water suction pump 14 and the water inlet pipe 12, feeding of the cultured shrimps is realized, and meanwhile, the biological flocs can purify the water quality in the aquaculture area.

In some embodiments including this embodiment, the cultivation area is further provided with a three-way valve 17, and two output ends of the three-way valve 17 are respectively connected with the inlets of the two water inlet pipes 12, and an input end of the three-way valve 17 is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump 14 through a feed pipe 18. Of the two water inlet pipes 12, the upper water inlet pipe 12 is used for releasing shrimp feed to the culture area, and the lower water inlet pipe 12 is used for supplying water to the culture area. When the shrimp feed releasing device is used specifically, when water needs to be supplied to a culture area, the water inlet pipe 12 used for releasing shrimp feed is closed through the three-way valve 17, the water inlet pipe 12 below is opened at the same time, and conversely, when the shrimp feed is released to the culture area, the water inlet pipe 12 below is closed, and the water inlet pipe 12 above is opened. In some embodiments, the two water inlet pipes 12 can be opened simultaneously, and at this time, the three-way valve 17 is not provided, so that the water inlet pipe 12 below supplies water, and the water inlet pipe 12 above releases the shrimp feed, and the shrimp feed falls in a parabolic track in the culture area, so that the shrimp feed is fully mixed in the culture area, and feeding is realized.

Furthermore, the culture area is also provided with a temperature control device. The temperature control device comprises a heater, a controller and a plurality of temperature measuring structures. The temperature measurement structure is used for detecting the temperature of the water body in the culture area. The controller drives the heater to heat the liquid in the culture area when the temperature of the water body is lower than a preset temperature, and controls the heater to stop heating until the temperature of the water body reaches the preset temperature. So, when the temperature in breeding the district is low excessively, can heat breeding the district, make and breed the shrimp and be in under the temperature that is fit for growing, and then improve the growth rate of breeding the shrimp to improve the output of breeding the shrimp.

The culture system of the present embodiment divides the culture pond 10 into 3 large functional areas (culture area, dirt collecting area, mixing area), and connects the 3 functional areas in series by unidirectional closed circulation of water flow. The reason is that the height of the wall surface of the culture pond 10 is larger than that of the partition plate 20 and larger than that of the overflow port 13, so that pressure difference is formed among the culture area, the sewage collecting area and the mixing area, namely the water body in the culture area is deepest, the sewage collecting area is second, and the water body in the mixing area is lowest. Therefore, the water body can only flow into the sewage collecting area from the culture area and then enters the mixing area, and the water body is pumped into the culture area by the water pump in the mixing area, so that a one-way closed circulation flow field is achieved. Therefore, the system adds a transverse flow field on the upper and lower disturbance mode of the traditional biological floc technology, thereby causing the deposition position of the large-particle biological floc to shift towards the direction of the sewage collecting area. The overflow grid 19 forces the pressure difference outlet of the culture area and the sewage collecting area to be close to the bottom of the pool, which is more beneficial to the movement of large-particle biological floccules to the sewage collecting area. No aeration pipe in the sewage collecting area forms up-and-down disturbance, so under the action of water pressure, large particle biological flocs can be settled, and only small particle biological flocs can enter the mixing area from an overflow port 13 at the upper part of the sewage collecting area and return to the culture area. The ammonia nitrogen released by the biological flocs deposited in the sewage collecting area under the anaerobic reaction enters the mixing area to provide energy for the new biological flocs, and the reaction equation is as follows:

NH₄ ⁺+1.18C₆H₁₂O₆+HCO₃ ^-+2.06O₂→C₅H₇O₂N+6.06H₂O+3.07CO₂

therefore, the farming system of this embodiment, through setting up mixed district, breed district and album dirty district, the liquid that has the shrimp feed gets into the breed district from mixed district, makes the shrimp feed raise the breed shrimp in the breed district to the sewage in the breed district gets into album dirty district from one-way overflow structure, and reentrant mixed district to form one-way water circulating system, make full use of water resource avoids the waste of water resource. Moreover, in this embodiment, liquid is a single direction flow to inlet tube 12 can play the effect of making a class, avoids forming the stagnant water, sets up oxygen supply pipe 11 in breeding the district simultaneously, can improve the oxygen content of liquid to breeding the district oxygenation, increases the output of breeding the shrimp. One section interval of diapire of pond 10 is bred to the overflow gate 19 distance of one-way overflow structure, and the bottom mounting of baffle 20 is on the diapire of breeding pond 10 to baffle 20 highly is less than the height of breeding pond 10, makes the liquid in breed district can one-way flow to the dirty district of collection, is favorable to the purification of water, can set up biological filter media in addition on the overflow gate 19, can further purify water quality.

On the basis of the culture system, the industrial procambarus clarkia culture method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) 3 days before the shrimp larvae are put in, water is respectively injected into the culture area and the mixing area to a certain depth, water bodies in the culture area and the mixing area are respectively disinfected, the whole culture system is also disinfected, and all biological colonies in the culture system are killed.

The depth of the aquaculture water body in the aquaculture system can be set according to the size of the aquaculture system, and the optimal water injection depth is 1.2 meters.

(2) And (4) increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area 2 days before the shrimp fries are put in so as to aerate the culture water body.

(3) Adding a biological carbon source into the culture area 1 day before the shrimp larvae are put in, wherein the biological carbon source accounts for 0.01 per mill of the volume of the culture water body in the culture area, and comprises chitosan enzyme, chitosan oligosaccharide and molasses.

(4) On the day of putting the shrimp seeds, putting the shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkii into the culture area, and increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area in the whole process of putting, wherein excrement of the shrimp seeds is used as a biological nitrogen source.

(5) And putting shrimp milk powder with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii in the mixing area every morning and evening every day, forming food mixed liquid in the mixing area, conveying the food mixed liquid into the culture area from the mixing area, wherein the food mixed liquid is input from the top of one end of the culture area, and after the conveying of the food mixed liquid is finished, supplying water from the bottom of the same end of the culture area through the mixing area.

(6) Meanwhile, putting biological bacterial colonies with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii and a biological carbon source accounting for 0.01 per thousand of the volume of the culture water body into the mixing zone every 3-5 days to form source mixed liquid of biological floccules in the mixing zone, and conveying the source mixed liquid into the culture zone from the mixing zone, wherein the source mixed liquid is input from the top of one end of the culture zone, and after the source mixed liquid is conveyed, water is supplied from the bottom of the same end of the culture zone through the mixing zone; the biological bacteria colony forms biological floccules in the culture area under the promotion of a biological nitrogen source and a biological carbon source.

(7) And adding the water evaporated by the culture system into the mixing area every 10-20 days, and supplying liquid into the culture area to keep the depth of the culture water body in the culture area unchanged.

(8) After 15-20 days of cultivation, removing granular biological floccules in the cultivation area.

Wherein, the PH of the culture water body in the culture area is kept between 7.2 and 8.4 in the whole culture process.

The traditional biological flocculation technology has the defects that:

the first is that the biological flocculation technology is applied to production, and an implementer is required to have certain related knowledge background;

secondly, the culture of the biological floccules needs to additionally increase an organic carbon source, adjust the alkalinity cost and improve the water body mixing strength (aeration) cost; in the whole culture process, a carbon source is added according to the feed feeding amount every day, so that the labor cost is additionally increased;

and thirdly, the organic carbon source is added to promote the formation and growth of biological flocs, when the content of the flocs is too high, the branchia of the prawns is bound to be blocked, the growth of the prawns is influenced, and redundant and aged flocs need to be removed from the aquaculture water body in time to prevent the flocs from depositing at the bottom of the pond. Therefore, how to control the floc content is a problem to be solved urgently.

The invention utilizes the biological carbon source formed by combining the chitosanase and the chitosan oligosaccharide through the biological bacterial colony, and utilizes the excrement of the shrimp fry or the shrimp fry corpse as the biological nitrogen source, the formed biological floccule can decompose the dead shell of the procambarus clarkia and the procambarus clarkia, and provides enough shrimp feed for the procambarus clarkia, thereby ensuring the water quality of the culture water body, improving the survival rate of the culture and further improving the yield of the procambarus clarkia. And the mixed liquid is supplied from the top of one end of the culture area, and water is supplied from the bottom, so that the biological flocs can be fully and uniformly mixed in the culture area, sufficient shrimp feed can be provided for the procambarus clarkia, and the growth of the procambarus clarkia is promoted. The invention can avoid blocking the gill part of the procambarus clarkii due to the accumulation of more biological flocs by removing the granular biological flocs, and improve the survival rate of the procambarus clarkii.

The chitosan oligosaccharide can activate T lymphocytes, thereby promoting the release of Macrophage Activating Factor (MAF), further activating macrophages, and further enhancing the disease resistance of the cultured procambarus clarkii.

The shells of the procambarus clarkii are decomposed into chitin in biological floccules and an alkaline water environment and then degraded into chitosan, and finally the chitosan oligosaccharide is further reduced under the action of chitosan enzyme. The chitosanase fixed by DEAE cellulose has better reusability. Therefore, the added chitosanase can not only decompose the shrimp shells separated from the procambarus clarkii culture, but also convert the shrimp shells into chitosan oligosaccharide by reutilization.

The chitosan oligosaccharide and the molasses can provide a carbon source for biological floc reaction, promote heterotrophic microorganisms in water to assimilate and absorb ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, and convert the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into protein required by self growth and propagation. The biological floc is a zooglea formed by gathering heterotrophic bacteria, nitrobacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa and secretion such as polysaccharide by using filamentous bacteria as a framework through electrostatic attraction or extracellular polymers secreted by microorganisms, and is suspended in a water body.

Therefore, the invention conveys the biological floccules to the culture area and utilizes the biological floccules technology to culture the procambarus clarkii. The proportions of the chitosanase, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the molasses are not particularly limited as long as biological floccules are easy to form, and in the embodiment, the biological carbon source can be prepared by mixing the chitosanase, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the molasses according to the weight ratio of 1:4: 5.

The biological bacterial colony can be prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and nitrobacteria according to the weight ratio of 1:2:2: 5. The effects of the four bacterial components are as follows: 1. the saccharomycetes improve the activity of chitosanase, accelerate the decomposition speed of shrimp shells and protect the intestinal function of cultured procambarus clarkii; 2. the photosynthetic bacteria can degrade toxic substances such as nitrite, sulfide and the like in the water body, and realize the functions of serving as bait, purifying water quality, preventing diseases, serving as feed additives and the like; 3. the bacillus has the characteristics of fast propagation and strong vitality, can inhibit the growth and propagation of harmful microorganisms such as harmful bacteria, pathogenic bacteria and the like while propagating, can release high-activity decomposition enzyme, and decomposes difficultly decomposed macromolecular substances into utilizable micromolecular substances; 4. nitrifying bacteria are called "oxidators of nitrous acid" because the food source they are vitamin to is nitrous acid, which in combination with oxygen produces nitric acid, the chemical energy generated being sufficient for them to survive. Therefore, the nitrifying bacteria can decompose and remove toxic chemical substances (ammonia and nitrous acid) in the water, and have the function of purifying the water. Wherein the biological flocs can be removed by a device specially used for removing granular biological flocs, in the following description of the embodiment, a biological floc separation device will be described, which realizes the above-mentioned removal process.

In summary, compared with the existing procambarus clarkia cultivation method, the industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method of the embodiment has the following advantages:

according to the industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method, the cultivation system and the cultivation water body are disinfected, oxygen is added to the cultivation water body, the water quality of the cultivation water body is improved, the oxygen content is improved, the growth of the procambarus clarkia is facilitated, the growth speed is improved, and the yield of the procambarus clarkia is further improved.

In this embodiment, the procambarus clarkia can be bred through the shrimp seeds bred by the breeding method provided by this embodiment, wherein a plurality of filter screens arranged in parallel and at equal intervals can be arranged in the breeding area, and the breeding area is divided into a plurality of breeding spaces by the filter screens. The industrial procambarus clarkii breeding method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, putting procambarus clarkii parents into a breeding space according to the ratio of 1:1 of male to female at the density of 20-30 procambarus clarkii parents per cubic water body;

step two, culturing at least one female shrimp spawned after mating in a breeding space under the temperature control;

step three, hatching shrimp eggs:

separating shrimp larvae from female shrimps and incubating at controlled temperature to form juvenile shrimps;

secondly, after the shrimp eggs grow to be orange, washing the shrimp eggs by using water at the flow rate of 2-5cm/s (generated by a water gun), promoting the shrimp eggs to be separated from the parent bodies, and putting the separated shrimp eggs into an incubation barrel at the temperature of 9-12 ℃ for storage; wherein, the second mode is that the shrimp eggs which have been hatched to the flea larval stage are put into a low-temperature hatching barrel for aeration preservation; therefore, the accumulated speed of the environmental accumulated temperature can be continuously reduced, the period of hatching the shrimp eggs is prolonged, the time for the shrimp larvae to come out of the membrane is set later, and the purpose of prolonging the period of the shrimp larvae supply is achieved;

taking out the isolation net and the seed shrimps after the shrimp seedlings are out of the film, and hanging a plurality of cross-shaped plastic brushes in the culture area; the suspended cross-shaped plastic brush can have a 2-5cm interval with the bottom of the culture area;

and fifthly, breeding the juvenile shrimps until the juvenile shrimps grow to be the procambarus clarkii with the length of 3-4 cm.

In some embodiments, in step three, the method of separating shrimp larvae from female shrimp and incubating into shrimp larvae at a controlled temperature comprises: the temperature of the culture water body in the culture area is continuously increased, and the separation of the shrimp larvae and the parent is stimulated. After the female shrimps take eggs, when the shrimp eggs grow to the flea larval stage, the water temperature of the culture water body is reduced by at least 1-2 ℃ every day, and finally the water temperature is between 16-18 ℃; when 80-90% of shrimp eggs develop to orange and eyespots can be observed, the water temperature is increased to 24 ℃ for 3 consecutive days to stimulate the shrimp larvae to synchronously separate from the parent.

In the second step, the temperature-controlled cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) the temperature of the culture water body in the culture area is correspondingly reduced through the increase of the development degree of the shrimp eggs of the female shrimps; (2) when the shrimp eggs grow to the eyepoint, the temperature of the aquaculture water body is kept at 16-18 ℃.

The environment accumulated temperature required by the incubation of the procambarus clarkii is 450-; the incubation is completed in 90-100 days when the average water temperature is 5 ℃. At low water temperatures, however, hatchability and survival rates are greatly reduced. In the breeding method of the embodiment, the shrimp eggs are firstly incubated under the natural temperature condition, and when part of the shrimp eggs grow to reach the flea larval stage, the temperature is gradually controlled to 16-18 ℃, and the incubation speed is reduced. When all the cultured shrimp eggs reach the flea larva stage, gradually controlling the temperature to 24 ℃ to promote the shrimp larvae to synchronously emerge from the film. Therefore, on the basis of keeping a certain amount of hatchability and survival rate, the problems of uneven specifications and large individual difference of the existing procambarus clarkii fry during the fry emergence are solved. Meanwhile, the procambarus clarkii fries bred through industrial temperature control can provide fries to the market from 12 months in the first year to 4 months in the second year, so that the fry supply period and the time for new fries to appear on the market are greatly improved.

In summary, according to the industrial procambarus clarkia breeding method of the embodiment, the procambarus clarkia parents are mated in the breeding space and cultured in the breeding space at a controlled temperature, so that the breeding speed of the procambarus clarkia can be controlled, and meanwhile, the shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkia can be stimulated in a large scale to be synchronously separated from the parent, so that the synchronism of the shrimp seeds is ensured, and the individual difference caused by the different growth speeds of the same shrimp seeds is avoided. Moreover, the seedlings can be selectively emerged in a temperature control mode, so that the synchronous emergence of the shrimp seedlings is realized, the specifications of the shrimp seedlings are neat, and the requirement of factory anti-season seedling supply is met.

Referring to fig. 2, the above-mentioned biological floc separating apparatus includes a stripping water pump 26, a first material delivery pipe 27, a settling separator 28, a second material delivery pipe 30, a return pipe 31, a solid collector 32, a filter screen 34, a water quality detecting module, an oxygen content detecting module, an oxygen enriching mechanism and a controller.

The air stripping pump 26 is used for sucking the aquaculture water in the aquaculture area, and of course, the aquaculture water in the sewage collecting area or the mixing area can also be sucked. The air stripping water pump 26 is positioned in the culture pond 10 and can absorb the biological flocs, so that the phenomenon that the gills of aquatic products are blocked by the biological flocs when the concentration is too high is avoided, the survival rate of cultured shrimps is improved, and the culture cost is reduced.

One end of the first material conveying pipe 27 is communicated with the output end of the air-lift water pump 26 so as to receive the aquaculture water of the air-lift water pump 26. The diameter of the first delivery pipe 27 can be set according to the concentration of the biological flocs, so as to prevent the biological flocs from blocking the first delivery pipe 27 when the biological flocs are too much.

The other end of the first feed conduit 27 is located in a settling separator 28, which settling separator 28 is arranged to settle and separate the biological flocs. Wherein, the biological floccules in the aquaculture water body are settled from the bottom to the top of the sedimentation separator 28 in sequence from large to small in volume. In this embodiment, the first delivery pipe 27 may be an n-shaped extraction pipe, or may be another pipe.

One end of the second feeding pipe 30 is located at the bottom of the sedimentation separator 28, and one end of the return pipe 31 is located at the top of the sedimentation separator 28, and the other end is located in the culture area. Further, the other end of the first material conveying pipe 27 is located in the middle of the sedimentation separator 28, and the other end of the return pipe 31 is higher than the liquid level of the culture water in the culture area. Thus, larger biological flocs at the bottom of the settling separator 28 pass from the second feed conveyor 30 into the solids collector 32; the smaller biological flocks, which are located at the top of the settling separator 28, flow back into the farm from the return pipe 31.

The other end of the second feed conveyor 30 is located in a solids collector 32 and the return conduit 31 is located at the end of the settler separator 28 at a level higher than the level of the solids collector 32. This allows the larger biological floes to enter the mesosolids collector 32 and be recycled to avoid contamination. In this embodiment, the second material conveying pipe 30 may be an n-shaped extraction pipe, or may be another pipe.

Wherein, the air stripping water pump 26 conveys the aquaculture water in the culture area to the sedimentation separator 28 through a first conveying pipeline 27, and biological floccules in the aquaculture water are sequentially settled from the bottom to the top of the sedimentation separator 28 according to the sequence of the sizes from large to small. The larger biological flocs at the bottom of the settling separator 28 enter the solids collector 32 through the second feed conveyor 30; the smaller biological flocks, which are located at the top of the settling separator 28, flow back into the farm from the return pipe 31.

A sieve 34 is installed in the settler separator 28 below the return pipe 31. The filter screen 34 can filter the biological flocs, prevent blockage caused by the larger biological flocs entering the return pipe 31, and ensure the purity of the aquaculture water which enters the aquaculture pond 10 again. The screen 34 may have a multi-layered structure such that the screen 34 substantially filters the biological floes. The screen 34 may be removably mounted to the inner wall of the settler 28 to facilitate mounting and dismounting the screen 34 and cleaning the screen 34.

The water quality detection module is used for detecting the water quality parameters of the culture water body in the culture area. Wherein, when the parameter value of the water quality parameter does not reach a preset water quality standard, the controller drives the air lift pump 26 to suck the aquaculture water in the aquaculture area. In this embodiment, the water quality parameter is the turbidity of aquaculture water body, and the water quality testing module is the turbidity sensor. When the turbidity detected by the turbidity sensor exceeds a preset turbidity, the controller starts the gas water pump 26. Of course, in other embodiments, the water quality parameter may also be other parameters.

The oxygen content detection module is used for detecting the oxygen content in the culture water body in the culture area, and the oxygenation mechanism is used for conveying oxygen to the sedimentation separator 28. When the oxygen content detected by the oxygen content detection module is lower than a preset oxygen content, the controller drives the oxygenation mechanism to deliver oxygen to the sedimentation separator 28. In this way, the liquid in the sedimentation separator 28 is rich in oxygen and flows back to the culture pond 10, so that the oxygen content of the liquid in the culture pond 10 is increased, and the culture efficiency is improved.

In conclusion, the biological floc separating device of the embodiment realizes the recycling of the culture water body in the culture pond 10 by arranging the culture area, the sewage collecting area and the mixing area in the culture pond 10, separates the biological floc in the culture area through the separating device, purifies the water quality in the culture pond 10, and avoids the excessive accumulation of the biological floc in the water circulation process. In the separation device of the embodiment, a stripping water pump 26 conveys aquaculture water in the culture area to a sedimentation separator 28 through a first conveying pipeline 27, so that biological floccules are deposited in the sedimentation separator 28. Meanwhile, the second material conveying pipe 30 conveys larger biological floccules to the solid collector 32, and the smaller biological floccules and the clean water flow back to the culture area through the return pipe 31, so that the culture water body is purified, the larger biological floccules capable of blocking gills of the cultured animals are separated, the growth of the cultured animals in the culture area is facilitated, and the yield of the cultured animals is improved.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 3, the biological floc separating apparatus used in the industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method of the present embodiment is based on the electronic valve 33 in embodiment 1, and the electronic valve 33 is used to open or close the second feeding pipe 30.

And, the settling chamber of the settling separator 28 is a sealed chamber and is sealed by a sealing cover 29. The other end of the first feed conduit 27 has a cross-sectional area S, and one end of the second feed conduit 30 has a cross-sectional area S₁The cross-sectional area of one end of the return pipe 31 is S₂(ii) a Wherein,S＝S₁+S₂to ensure the balance of the inlet and outlet of the aquaculture water in the sedimentation separator 28. Thus, when the culture water in the sedimentation separator 28 fills up to the sealed cavity, the culture wastewater entering from the first feeding pipe 27 will press the larger biological flocs to be discharged from the second feeding pipe 30, and press the smaller biological flocs to flow back to the culture area from the return pipe 31.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the industrial procambarus clarkia cultivation method of the present embodiment uses a porous shrimp nest to cultivate the procambarus clarkia, wherein the porous shrimp nest is the cultivation device of embodiment 1 and is placed in the cultivation area. Wherein, porous shrimp nest includes breed container 1, location axle 2, locating plate 8 and breeds mechanism 3.

The outer contour of the breeding container 1 is cuboid, the top end of the breeding container 1 is provided with an opening for placing the breeding mechanism 3, and of course, the top end of the breeding container 1 can also be a sealing structure and is sealed by adopting a detachable sealing structure. The culture container 1 can be made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, so that the culture container 1 is prevented from being corroded in the process of storing the culture water body for a long time, and the culture container 1 is convenient to carry. The length, the height and the width of the culture container 1 can be correspondingly designed according to the size of the culture mechanism 3, so that the culture mechanism 3 can fully occupy the space in the culture container 1. The bottom wall of the culture container 1 can be provided with a drain hole for discharging the culture wastewater, so that the culture wastewater in the culture container 1 can be discharged in time. Certainly, the top of the culture container 1 can also be provided with a water inlet hole for the culture water body to enter and exit, and the water inlet hole corresponds to the water outlet hole, so that the culture water body in the culture container 1 can be continuously replaced. The height of the culture container 1 can be set according to the height of a user, the user can conveniently access the culture mechanism 3 in the culture container 1, and the shrimp can be further accessed and cultured. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the cultivation container 1 may be directly used as a part or an entirety of a cultivation pond for cultivating shrimps.

The number of the positioning shafts 2 can be one or more, and the positioning shafts 2 are arranged in the culture container 1. The positioning shaft 2 can be made of materials used by the culture container 1, and can also be made of other materials which are corrosion-resistant and have high rigidity, so that the positioning shaft 2 can be used for a long time. The positioning shafts 2 are arranged in a matrix mode, and the length of each positioning shaft 2 is not higher than the height of the culture container 1. The positioning shaft 2 may be provided with or without a breeding hole 7, and in this embodiment, the positioning shaft 2 is not provided with or without a breeding hole 7.

The number of the positioning plates 8 is the same as that of the positioning shafts 2, each positioning plate 8 corresponds to one positioning shaft 2, and the positioning plates 8 are detachably arranged in the culture container 1. Each positioning shaft 2 is vertically arranged on a corresponding positioning plate 8, and the positioning plates 8 are placed in the culture container 1. The positioning plate 8 can be welded on the bottom wall of the culture container 1 and can also be detachably arranged in the culture container 1. The locating plate 8 can fix the locating shaft 2 and the culture container 1 relatively, so that the locating shaft 2 can be used subsequently.

The breeding mechanism 3 is plural in number, and each breeding mechanism 3 includes a breeding box 4, a fixed shaft 5, and a plurality of breeding plates 6. The breeding mechanism 3 can decompose the porous shrimp nest so as to be convenient for putting in shrimp seedlings for breeding shrimps and harvesting mature bred shrimps.

The outer contour of the breeding box 4 is cuboid, breeding holes 7 for the breeding water to enter and exit are formed in the breeding box 4, when the aperture of the breeding holes 7 is selected, the situation that the breeding holes 7 need to limit the bred shrimps to escape is considered, and therefore the cross section area of the breeding holes 7 is smaller than the maximum cross section area of the shrimp larvae. The breeding holes 7 are uniformly distributed on the breeding box 4, so that the breeding water can fully flow to increase the oxygen content in the breeding box 4, and simultaneously, enough feed is ensured to enter the breeding space in the breeding box 4, and the survival rate of the bred shrimps is improved.

The fixed shaft 5 is arranged in the cultivation box 4, and the bottom end of the fixed shaft 5 is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of the cultivation box 4. The fixing shaft 5 has a hollow structure, and in the present embodiment, the hollow structure has a through hole with a radius the same as that of the positioning shaft 2, but of course, the radius of the through hole of the hollow structure may be slightly smaller than that of the positioning shaft 2. The length of the fixed shaft 5 should be smaller than the height of the cultivation boxes 4 to satisfy the stacking of the plurality of cultivation boxes 4.

Referring to fig. 7, a plurality of cultivation plates 6 are installed on the fixed shaft 5 and divide the inner cavity of the cultivation box 4 into a plurality of cultivation spaces, each of which is used for cultivating at least one of the cultivated shrimps. Therefore, the aquaculture space can effectively prevent the aquaculture shrimps from fighting each other, and meanwhile, the aquaculture shrimps are conveniently caught, so that the survival rate of the aquaculture shrimps is improved, and the yield of the aquaculture shrimps is further improved. Specifically, each cultivation mechanism 3 comprises four cultivation plates 6, and two adjacent cultivation plates 6 are inserted into the corresponding fixed shaft 5 at intervals of 90 degrees in a surrounding manner. The cultivation plate 6 is a rectangular plate, two opposite pins 22 are arranged at the bottom end of the cultivation plate 6, and the two pins 22 are inserted into the bottom wall of the cultivation box 4. The culture plate 6 is also provided with culture holes 7 to further enhance the flow of culture water in the culture box 4 and improve the oxygen content in the culture box 4.

Referring to fig. 8, a plurality of cultivation mechanisms 3 are stacked in the cultivation container 1, and a plurality of cultivation boxes 4 are mounted on one positioning shaft 2 through the hollow structure of the corresponding fixing shaft 5 and the matching of one positioning shaft 2, so that the space in the cultivation container 1 can be utilized to the maximum, the cultivation density is improved, and the cultivation yield is further improved. In the embodiment, the distance between two positioning shafts 2 positioned in the length direction of the culture container 1 is greater than or equal to the length of the culture box 4; two positioning shafts 2 are positioned in the width direction of the culture container 1, and the distance between the two positioning shafts is larger than or equal to the width of the culture box 4.

In this embodiment, preferably, on one wall surface provided with the culture holes 7, the total hole area of all the culture holes 7 is 40% to 50% of the wall surface area.

To sum up, compare in current breeding device, the porous shrimp nest of the high-efficient breed of can layering batch production of this embodiment has following advantage:

the porous shrimp nest that can the high-efficient breed of stromatolite batch production of this embodiment is through with a plurality of breed 3 range upon range of in breeding container 1 of mechanism to install breeding mechanism 3 through location axle 2, can maximize the space that utilizes in the breed container 1, improve breed density, and then improve and breed output. In this embodiment, set up a plurality of farming spaces in the mechanism 3 of breeding, breed the shrimp and distribute in the farming space, can prevent effectively to breed to fight between the shrimp, conveniently catch the shrimp of breeding simultaneously, and then improve the survival rate of breeding the shrimp to further improve the output of breeding the shrimp. In the prior art, the culture yield of a pond is about 250 jin/mu, the density of industrial culture is about 16 per cubic meter, the culture density of the porous shrimp nest can reach 96-120 per cubic meter, and meanwhile, under the condition of matching with the powder feed and the biological floccule culture technology, the feed and the biological floccule pass through the culture holes 7 and feed the cultured shrimps, so that the survival rate of the cultured shrimps in the porous shrimp nest can reach more than 90 percent, the yield of the cultured shrimps can be greatly increased, and the culture cost of the cultured shrimps is reduced.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 9, the present embodiment provides a porous shrimp nest similar to the porous shrimp nest of embodiment 3, and the difference is that a plurality of cultivation plates 6 are detachably mounted on a fixed shaft 5, and a cultivation container 1 is provided with water permeable holes 35 for the cultivation water to pass in and out.

It should be noted here that the culture container 1 is independent of the culture pond, and can be used for conveniently throwing the shrimp feed. Because the culture density of the cultured shrimps in the culture container 1 is high, and meanwhile, in some special use environments, if the culture container 1 needs to be placed in the culture water body, the water permeable holes 35 on the culture container 1 can enable the culture water body to fully enter and exit so as to improve the oxygen content in the culture box 4, and meanwhile, enough feed can be ensured to enter the culture space in the culture box 4, so that the survival rate and the culture yield of the cultured shrimps are improved. And breed the board 6 and can follow the dismantlement on the fixed axle 5, can conveniently wash and breed mechanism 3, conveniently take out the breed shrimp after the maturity simultaneously.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 11 and fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a porous shrimp nest similar to the porous shrimp nest of embodiment 3, and the only difference is that the outer contour of the cultivation box 4 of the cultivation mechanism 3 is a circular cylinder, and each cultivation plate 6 is a circular plate. The cultivation plates 6 and the cultivation box 4 are coaxially arranged, and the mounting holes 9 for inserting the fixing shafts 5 are formed in the middle of the cultivation plates 6, so that the cultivation plates 6 are overlapped in the cultivation box 4, but the gaps between the cultivation plates 6 need to be guaranteed, and the shrimps can move and live. Wherein, the cultivation box 4 at the topmost layer is provided with a cover plate 23, and the bottom surface of the cover plate 23 is provided with a connecting hole matched with the top end of the positioning shaft 2, so that the cover plate 23 covers the top end of the cultivation box 4. Of course, the cover plate 23 is also provided with culture holes 7 so that the culture water body can enter and exit.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the top of the cultivation box 4 is an open structure for facilitating the subsequent installation of the cultivation boards 6. In the embodiment, the cultivation box 4 is provided with the detachable bottom plate 24, so that the inner wall of the cultivation box 4 is convenient to clean, and the assembly and disassembly are convenient; in other embodiments, the bottom plate 24 of the cultivation box 4 may be integrally formed on the bottom of the cultivation box 4 to improve the sealing performance of the cultivation box 4. The height of the breeding box 4 can be selected according to the depth of the breeding water body, and also can be set according to the breeding density, the radius of the breeding box 4 can be correspondingly set according to the space of the required activities of the breeding shrimps, the space can be guaranteed to be utilized to the maximum to breed the breeding shrimps, and the yield of the breeding shrimps is improved. The breeding box 4 can be made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, so that the breeding box 4 is prevented from being aged due to being in a breeding water body for a long time, and meanwhile, the bred shrimps are prevented from digging holes in the breeding box 4 and escaping.

The fixed shaft 5 is provided with a limiting structure, and the limiting structure is used for limiting the movement of the culture plate 6 relative to the fixed shaft 5. Wherein, limit structure has following structure:

for example, referring to fig. 15, the limiting structure is a thread surrounding the fixing shaft 5, and the mounting hole 9 is a screw hole; the breeding plate 6 is mounted on the fixed shaft 5 by matching screw threads with screw holes. So, when the board 6 is bred in the installation, only need to breed the board 6 and pass through 5 spiro unions of fixed axle and go into to breed the container 1, can be convenient for breed the equipment and the dismantlement of board 6, prevent the vertical displacement of breeding the board 6 simultaneously, conveniently set up porous shrimp nest.

For another example, referring to fig. 16, the limiting structure is a plurality of limiting strips coaxially disposed with the fixing shaft 5. The number of spacing strip can be one, also can be many, in this example, the number of spacing strip is four to evenly encircle and integrated into one piece on the outside of fixed axle 5. Thus, the limiting strips can prevent the cultivation plate 6 from rotating relative to the fixed shaft 5. In order to provide the culture plates 6 with a space therebetween, a protrusion may be provided at the center of the bottom surface of the culture plates 6, and the protrusion may abut against the other culture plates 6 to provide the space.

Example 6

Referring to fig. 17 and 18, the embodiment provides a porous shrimp nest similar to that of embodiment 3, and the only difference is that a plurality of culture plates 6 are stacked at equal intervals in a culture box. The fixed shaft 5 comprises a plurality of sections of fixed joints which are coaxially arranged and connected, and the radiuses of the plurality of sections of fixed joints are sequentially increased from top to bottom. Holes arranged on the middle parts of the culture plates 6 are matched with the fixed joints, so that each fixed joint corresponds to one culture plate 6. Thus, when the cultivation density is set, only the number of the fixed sections needs to be set. When the cultured shrimps are taken and placed, the corresponding culture plates 6 can be detached or installed layer by layer, and the cultured shrimps are taken out or placed in, so that the culture efficiency is improved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial procambarus clarkii culture method is applied to a culture system and is characterized in that the culture system is provided with a culture area and a mixing area, the culture area is used for culturing procambarus clarkii, the mixing area is used for receiving external liquid to supply liquid into the culture area, and meanwhile, the mixing area also receives liquid discharged from the culture area to form a liquid circulating system with the culture area;

the culture method comprises the following steps:

meanwhile, feeding biological colonies with the weight of 2-4% of the weight of the procambarus clarkii and the biological carbon source accounting for 0.01 per thousand of the volume of the culture water body in the culture area every 3-5 days in the mixing area to form a source mixed liquid of biological floccules in the mixing area, and conveying the source mixed liquid from the mixing area to the culture area, wherein the source mixed liquid is input from the top of one end of the culture area, and after the source mixed liquid is conveyed, water is supplied from the bottom of the same end of the source mixed liquid input from the culture area through the mixing area; the biological colonies form biological floccules in the culture area under the promotion of a biological nitrogen source and a biological carbon source;

2. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the water is injected into the cultivation system to a depth of 1.2m and the depth of the cultivation water in the cultivation area is maintained to be 1.2 m.

3. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the chitosanase, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the molasses are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:4: 5.

4. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the biological colonies are prepared by mixing yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and nitrifying bacteria in a weight ratio of 1:2:2: 5.

5. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation system is further provided with a sewage collection area; the sewage collecting area is used for collecting sewage discharged by the culture area, purifying and conveying the sewage to the mixing area;

6. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method further comprises:

separating granular biological flocs in the culture system by using a biological floc separating device after 15-20 days of culture;

the separation device includes:

an air stripping water pump (26) for sucking up the culture water in the sewage collection area or the culture area;

a first delivery pipe (27), one end of which is communicated with the output end of the air stripping water pump (26);

a sedimentation separator (28), the other end of the first conveying pipe (27) is positioned in the sedimentation separator (28);

a second feed conduit (30) having one end located at the bottom of the separator (28);

a return pipe (31) having one end located at the top of the sedimentation separator (28) and the other end located in the cultivation area; and

the other end of the second conveying pipeline (30) is positioned in the solid collector (32);

wherein, the air stripping water pump (26) conveys the aquaculture water in the aquaculture area to a sedimentation separator (28) through a first conveying pipeline (27), and biological floccules in the aquaculture water are sequentially settled from the bottom to the top of the sedimentation separator (28) according to the sequence of the sizes from large to small; the larger biological flocs at the bottom of the settling separator (28) enter a solids collector (32) from a second feed pipe (30); the smaller biological flocks, which are located at the top of the sedimentation separator (28), are returned from the return pipe (31) into the culture zone.

7. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein a porous shrimp nest is provided in the cultivation area, and shrimp seeds of the procambarus clarkii are thrown into the porous shrimp nest; the porous shrimp nest comprises:

a culture container (1);

at least one positioning shaft (2) arranged in the culture container (1);

at least one positioning plate (8) corresponding to at least one positioning shaft (2), wherein each positioning shaft (2) is vertically arranged on the corresponding positioning plate (8), and the positioning plates (8) are arranged in the culture container (1); and a plurality of cultivation mechanisms (3), each cultivation mechanism (3) comprising a cultivation box (4), a fixed shaft (5) and a plurality of cultivation plates (6); the fixed shaft (5) is arranged in the breeding box (4), and the bottom end of the fixed shaft (5) is vertically fixed on the bottom wall of the breeding box (4); the fixed shaft (5) has a hollow structure; the cultivation plates (6) are arranged on the fixed shaft (5) and divide the inner cavity of the cultivation box (4) into a plurality of cultivation spaces, and each cultivation space is used for cultivating at least one cultivated shrimp; a plurality of culture holes (7) for the culture water to enter and exit are formed in the culture box (4) and the culture plate (6);

wherein, a plurality of culture mechanisms (3) are arranged in the culture container (1) in a stacking way, and a plurality of culture boxes (4) are matched with one positioning shaft (2) through the hollow structure of the corresponding fixed shaft (5) and are arranged on the positioning shaft (2).

8. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of oxygen supply pipes (11) are arranged at the bottom of the cultivation area, and two water inlet pipes (12) are arranged at one end of the cultivation area; the two water inlet pipes (12) are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the culture area;

the method for increasing oxygen from the bottom of the culture area comprises the following steps: oxygen is delivered to the bottom of the culture area through a plurality of oxygen supply pipes (11);

of the two water inlet pipes (12), the upper water inlet pipe (12) is used for releasing the food mixed liquid and the source mixed liquid to the culture area, and the lower water inlet pipe (12) is used for supplying water to the culture area.

9. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the cultivation area, the sewage collection area and the mixing area are three areas separated in one cultivation pond (10);

wherein a baffle is arranged in the culture pond (10), and the baffle is arranged along the length direction of the culture pond (10) and divides the culture pond (10) into two independent accommodating grooves; in two holding grooves, the holding groove with smaller volume is the mixing area, the holding groove with larger volume is separated into the breeding area and the sewage collecting area through a one-way overflow structure.

10. The industrial procambarus clarkii cultivation method according to claim 9, wherein the unidirectional overflow structure comprises at least one layer of overflow grid (19), at least one partition (20) spaced from the overflow grid (19); the overflow grid (19) and the partition plate (20) are both vertical to the bottom wall of the culture pond (10);

the overflow grid (19) has a distance with the bottom wall of the culture pond (10); the bottom end of the partition plate (20) is fixed on the bottom wall of the culture pond (10), the height of the partition plate (20) is lower than that of the culture pond (10), and the height of the overflow port (13) is lower than that of the partition plate (20).