CN211091383U

CN211091383U - Rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system

Info

Publication number: CN211091383U
Application number: CN201922009745.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱健; 李冰; 侯诒然; 何杰
Original assignee: Wuxi Hongkang Biochemical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuxi Hongkang Biochemical Technology Co ltd; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Priority date: 2019-11-20
Filing date: 2019-11-20
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system, which comprises a rice field and a pond, wherein the rice field and the pond are arranged in a nine-grid pattern, and the pond occupies one of the nine-grid pattern and is positioned at one corner of the nine-grid pattern; and closed water circulation is formed between the rice field and the pond through the external force exerted by the power device. The circulation route of pond water in the paddy field is planned by fully utilizing the gravitational potential energy through the position and height difference of the pond and the paddy field, so that the work of the water pump is minimum and the water flow line is longest. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following: (1) the reuse of pond culture tail water can be promoted, the yield of rice is increased, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced; (2) the tail water of the cultivation is discharged after reaching the standard or zero discharge, the method is flexible, the application range is wide, and the feed cost and the oxygenation cost are saved; (3) the pond culture environment is improved, the culture capacity is increased, fish diseases are reduced, and the feed cost and the oxygen increasing cost are saved; (4) reducing or not using medicine, and producing organic fish and rice.

Description

Rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological agriculture, a realize planting breed reciprocal mutual profit, ecological potential complementary, green circulation agricultural production specifically is rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system.

Background

At present, in the process of pond culture, because a large amount of feed is fed and excrement of cultured fishes is added, pond water contains a large amount of eutrophic elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, and the environment is polluted in the process of external drainage of a pond. The tail water of pond culture needs to be treated to achieve the discharge reaching the standard. As the aquaculture ponds in China are numerous and most of the aquaculture ponds are scattered, the centralized treatment of aquaculture tail water has great difficulty. In rice planting areas in China, culture ponds are often adjacent to rice fields, and pond culture and rice field culture are independent and cannot be organically combined. In addition, fish ditches are generally excavated in the rice field for fish culture in the rice field at present, the mode has large engineering quantity, the difficulties of fertilization and bait casting exist in management, rice harvesting is inconvenient, the survival rate of fish fries is low, and the specialized operation of planting or culture is not facilitated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the defects of pool water eutrophication and tail water treatment difficulty caused by a large amount of bait throwing in the current pond culture process, the utility model provides a rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system. The system and the method of the utility model mainly make the pond water circulate regularly in the rice field through the water pump, so that the nutrient elements and particles of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the pond are absorbed and adsorbed by the rice, and the growth of the rice is promoted; the purified oxygen-enriched water flows into the pond, so that the water in the pond is kept fresh all the time, and some small organisms brought by the water can be used as fish feed to promote the growth of the fish.

The technical scheme is as follows: the rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system comprises a rice field and a pond, wherein the rice field and the pond are arranged in a nine-square grid, the pond occupies one of the nine-square grids and is positioned at one corner of the nine-square grid, and when the rice field and the pond are on the same plane, pond water is circulated between the pond and the rice field through the power of a water pump; when the pond is at the lowest position, the water pump lifts the pond water to the highest rice field, and then the pond water flows back to the pond under the action of gravity to generate circulation; when the pond is at the highest position, the water flow is from high to low, the water pump is arranged in the lowest rice field and is pumped back to the pond to generate circulation; when the rice field is high or low, the water pump is arranged in the lowest rice field and directly pumps water to the highest rice field, so that water flow circulates between the rice field and the pond; and closed water circulation is formed between the rice field and the pond through the external force exerted by the power device. The circulation route of pond water in the paddy field is planned by fully utilizing the gravitational potential energy through the position and height difference of the pond and the paddy field, so that the work of the water pump is minimum and the water flow line is longest.

Preferably, the diagonal corners of the pond are respectively provided with a pond water inlet and a pond water outlet connected with a water pump; a paddy field water inlet and a paddy field water outlet are arranged on each paddy field, wherein the paddy field water inlet of each paddy field is connected with the paddy field water outlet of the next paddy field in the first place; the pond water inlet is connected with the paddy field water outlet of the adjacent paddy field, and the pond water outlet is connected with the paddy field water inlet of the adjacent paddy field.

Preferably, the area ratio of the paddy field to the pond is 9: 1.

Preferably, the pond is divided into a clean water pond and a fine culture pond by a pond separation net piece, wherein a pond water inlet is positioned on one side of the clean water pond, and a pond water outlet is positioned on one side of the fine culture pond.

Preferably, the bottom of the intensive culture pond is V-shaped, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped, and small holes are fully distributed in the drain pipe.

Preferably, the water inlet and the water outlet of each rice field are positioned at the same side of the rice field, a watershed with an opening at one end is arranged in the middle of the rice field, and the watershed separates the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field; each rice field is separated by a ridge.

Preferably, the height of the watershed is lower than that of the ridge and higher than the water surface of the rice field.

A method for ecologically breeding rice-fish, comprising the steps of:

s1: a rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system is adopted, and pond water and rice field water are circulated through a power device;

s2: breeding the clean water fishes in the clean water pond, and putting the eating fishes and the feed in the intensive culture pond;

s3: bottom water containing sediments is discharged out of the pool and enters the rice field under the action of the water pump, water at the water outlet of the rice field automatically flows into the next rice field, only internal circulation is performed during cultivation, and after cultivation is finished, all indexes of pond water meet the cultivation discharge standard through detection.

In S2, herbivorous fishes such as grass and bream, omnivorous fishes such as crucian carp and carp, filter feeding fishes such as spotted silver carp and silver carp, etc. are mainly bred in the water purification tank, and weeds and aquatic small animals such as tubificidae, moth larvae, plankton, etc. brought in from the rice field are ingested; the intensive culture pond can be used for culturing or stocking large-size fingerlings, and adult fishes cultured in the same year come into the market.

Has the advantages that: (1) the system and the method of the utility model can promote the reuse of the tail water of pond culture, promote the yield increase of rice and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests; (2) the system and the method have the advantages that the culture tail water reaches the standard and is discharged or has zero discharge, the method is flexible, the application range is wide, and the feed cost and the oxygen increasing cost are saved; (3) the system and the method improve the pond culture environment, increase the culture capacity, reduce the occurrence of fish diseases and save the feed cost and the oxygenation cost; (4) the system and method reduces or eliminates the use of drugs to produce organic fish and rice.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the aquaculture pond of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the rice field of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drain pipe of the present invention;

wherein, 1 is a paddy field, 2 is a pond, 3 is a clean water pond, 4 is a pond separation net piece, 5 is a intensive culture pond, 6 is a water pump, 7 is a pond water inlet, 8 is a drain pipe, 9 is a watershed, 10 is a ridge, 11 is a paddy field water inlet, 12 is a paddy field water outlet, and 13 is a small hole.

Detailed Description

The following examples further illustrate the invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, steps or conditions of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

And (5) breeding large-scale micropterus salmoides fries. The area of a pond 2 is 5 mu, the area of a paddy field 1 is 40 mu, the paddy field 1 and the pond 2 are on the same plane, a water purification pond 3 connected with a pond water inlet 7 is divided into 1 mu by a pond separation net 4, and 50 tails (250 g/tail) of grass carps, 100 tails (50 g/tail) of crucians, 50 tails (100 g/tail) of carps, 100 tails (250 g/tail) of silver carps and 50 tails (250 g/tail) of bighead carps are bred; the fine culture pond 5 connected with the water outlet has 4 mu, 40000 tails (10000 tails/mu) of edible fishes, namely micropterus salmoides fries (3 cm/tail) are mainly placed in the fine culture pond 5, commercial fish feed is fed, the bottom of the fine culture pond 5 is V-shaped, the effect of collecting pond culture sediments is achieved, drain pipes 8 are distributed at the bottom end of the V shape, a plurality of small holes 13 are formed in the upper surface of the drain pipes, and bottom water containing the sediments is discharged out of the pond through the action of a water pump to enter the paddy field 1.

8 paddy fields 1 of 5 mu, the paddy water inlet 11 of one paddy field 1 in the nine-square grid and the paddy water outlet 12 of the next paddy field are connected end to end. The water outlet 12 of the paddy field can automatically flow into the next paddy field 1, the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 of the same paddy field are arranged at two ends of a ridge 10 on the same side of the paddy field, and are separated by a water dividing collar 9 which is lower than the ridge 10 and higher than the water surface of the paddy field 1, and the other end of the water dividing collar 9 is provided with an opening to increase the flow of circulating water in the paddy field 1.

Transplanting seedlings in 5 months, performing water circulation on the pond 2 and the rice field 1 after the seedlings turn green, increasing the feed feeding amount along with the growth of the seedlings, continuously increasing the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the pond, gradually growing the seedlings in the rice field 1 at the moment, and increasing the demand of nutrient substances. After 4 months of growth, the fish in the water purification fish pond can grow to the specification of commercial fish and come into the market, and the weever grows to large-size fish species of about 15 cm. Only internal circulation is carried out during the culture period, and after the culture is finished, all indexes of the pond water are detected to meet the culture discharge standard. No disease occurs during production, the pond 2 does not use medicines, the rice field 1 only uses ecological and pollution-free medicines, and the use amount is reduced by about 50 percent.

Example 2

And (5) breeding large-scale micropterus salmoides fries. The area of a pond 2 is 5 mu, the area of a paddy field 1 is 40 mu, the paddy field 1 and the pond 2 are on the same plane, a water purification pond 3 connected with a pond water inlet 7 is divided into 1 mu by a pond separation net 4, and 50 tails (250 g/tail) of grass carps, 100 tails (50 g/tail) of crucians, 50 tails (100 g/tail) of carps, 100 tails (250 g/tail) of silver carps and 50 tails (250 g/tail) of bighead carps are bred; the intensive culture pond 5 connected with the water outlet has 4 mu, is mainly used for containing the eating fish channel catfish (10 cm/tail) 9000 (3000 tail/mu), feeds commercial fish feed, the bottom of the intensive culture pond 5 is V-shaped, plays a role in collecting pond culture sediments, drain pipes 8 are distributed at the bottom of the V-shaped bottom, a plurality of small holes 13 are formed in the upper surface of the V-shaped bottom, and bottom water containing the sediments is discharged out of the pond to enter the paddy field 1 under the action of a water pump.

8 paddy fields 1 of 5 mu, the paddy water inlet 11 of one paddy field 1 in the nine-square grid and the paddy water outlet 12 of the next paddy field 1 are connected end to end. The water outlet 12 of the paddy field can automatically flow into the next paddy field 1, the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 of the same paddy field are arranged at two ends of a ridge 10 on the same side of the paddy field, and are separated by a water dividing collar 9 which is lower than the ridge 10 and higher than the water surface of the paddy field 1, and the other end of the water dividing collar 9 is provided with an opening to increase the flow of circulating water in the paddy field 1.

Transplanting seedlings in 5 months, performing water circulation on the pond 2 and the rice field 1 after the seedlings turn green, increasing the feed feeding amount along with the growth of the seedlings, continuously increasing the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the pond, gradually growing the seedlings in the rice field 1 at the moment, and increasing the demand of nutrient substances. After 4 months of growth, the fish in the water purification fish pond can grow to the specification of commercial fish and come into the market, and the channel catfish grows to about 700 g. Only internal circulation is carried out during the culture period, and after the culture is finished, all indexes of the pond water are detected to meet the culture discharge standard. No disease occurs during production, the pond 2 does not use medicines, the rice field 1 only uses ecological and pollution-free medicines, and the use amount is reduced by about 50 percent.

Claims

1. The ecological rice-fish planting and breeding system is characterized by comprising a rice field (1) and a pond (2), wherein the rice field (1) and the pond are arranged in a nine-square grid, the pond (2) occupies one of the nine-square grid and is positioned at one corner of the nine-square grid, and closed water circulation is formed between the rice field (1) and the pond (2) through external force applied by a power device by utilizing gravitational potential energy between the rice field (1) and the pond (2).

2. The ecological rice-fish farming system of claim 1, wherein the diagonal corners of the pond (2) are provided with a pond water inlet (7) and a pond water outlet connected with a water pump (6), respectively; each paddy field (1) is provided with a paddy field water inlet (11) and a paddy field water outlet (12), wherein the paddy field water inlet (11) of each paddy field (1) is connected with the paddy field water outlet (12) of the next paddy field (1) in a head-to-head manner; the pond water inlet (7) is connected with the paddy field water outlet (12) of the adjacent paddy field (1), and the pond water outlet is connected with the paddy field water inlet (11) of the adjacent paddy field (1).

3. The rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area ratio of the rice field (1) to the pond (2) is 9: 1.

4. The ecological rice-fish farming system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the pond (2) is divided into a clean water basin (3) and a fine culture basin (5) by a pond division mesh (4), wherein the pond inlet (7) is located on the clean water basin (3) side and the pond outlet is located on the fine culture basin (5) side.

5. The ecological rice-fish planting and breeding system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bottom of the intensive culture pond (5) is V-shaped, a drain pipe (8) is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped, and small holes (13) are distributed on the drain pipe (8).

6. The ecological rice-fish farming system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the paddy water inlet (11) and the paddy water discharge port (12) in each paddy (1) are located on the same side of the paddy, a watershed (9) having one open end is provided in the middle of the paddy (1), and the watershed (9) separates the paddy water inlet (11) and the paddy water discharge port (12); each rice field (1) is separated by a ridge (10).

7. The rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system according to claim 6, characterized in that the watershed (9) is lower than the ridge (10) and higher than the surface of the rice field (1).