CN112913767A - Closed circulating water salmon culture system and method - Google Patents
Closed circulating water salmon culture system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913767A CN112913767A CN202110323983.2A CN202110323983A CN112913767A CN 112913767 A CN112913767 A CN 112913767A CN 202110323983 A CN202110323983 A CN 202110323983A CN 112913767 A CN112913767 A CN 112913767A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a closed circulating water salmon farming system, which comprises a water treatment unit, a biological purification unit and two farming boxes, wherein a net cage is arranged in the farming boxes, the water treatment unit comprises a water accumulation box, two sides in the water accumulation box are respectively provided with a micro-filter and a water treatment box, the water inlets of the two micro-filters are respectively connected with one farming box, and the water outlet of the micro-filter is connected with one water treatment box. Is particularly suitable for plateau climate characteristics of high altitude, low dissolved oxygen and large day-night temperature difference in Tibet regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a system and a method for culturing Atlantic salmon by using closed circulating water.
Background
Atlantic Salmon (Salmon truta), also known as river Salmon and cat fish, native to northern regions of Europe, Western Asia and Africa, belonging to the Salmoniformes, Salmonidae and Salmon genus, introduced by England in 19 th century into the Asian county of Khatsuk Kashi city in China, and has a history of 150 years to date. The Atlantic salmon can grow and breed naturally in the Atlantic river for a long time, and relatively stable colonies are established, so that the Atlantic salmon becomes a local variety. The Atlantic salmon belongs to the cold water fishes, and has great commercial value because of tender meat, few muscle stabs, delicious taste, rich nutrition and high popularity of consumers.
Tibet is used as the main defense line of the national ecological safety barrier, the natural ecology is very fragile, and the protection of the material diversity becomes the primary task of the government. However, until now, the main subjects for the protection of the Tibet area are the Tibetan specific schizothorax such as Lassa nojiri, schizothorax bipalpis and Lasa schizothorax bivitta. The action of protecting germplasm resources of Atlantic salmon, which is the only Salmonidae Salmonella fish in China, is reluctant.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to protect resources of Tibet plateau eastern Asian salmon, the invention provides a closed type circulating water culture system for the eastern Asian salmon, which is particularly suitable for plateau climate characteristics of Tibet areas with high altitude, low dissolved oxygen and large day-night temperature difference.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a system for culturing the salmon in a closed circulating water manner comprises a water treatment unit, a biological purification unit and two culture boxes, wherein a net box is arranged in each culture box, the water treatment unit comprises a water accumulating box, two sides in the water accumulating box are respectively provided with a micro-filter and the water treatment boxes, the water inlets of the two micro-filters are respectively connected with one culture box, the water outlet of the micro-filter is connected with one water treatment box, a filtering area and a sterilizing area with a built-in ultraviolet lamp are sequentially arranged in the water treatment box along the water flow direction, the water outlet of the sterilizing area is communicated with the water accumulating box, the biological purification unit comprises a biological purification box, an oxygen-increasing machine and an ozone machine, the water outlet of the water accumulating box is connected with the biological purification box, the oxygen-increasing machine is connected with the biological purification box and the culture boxes through an air supply pipeline by a fan, the ozone machine is communicated with the air supply pipeline of, the biological purification box is communicated with an external water source.
The water outlet of the water treatment tank body is an opening arranged at the top of the side wall opposite to the water inlet, the bottom of the water collecting tank body is provided with a sewage discharge pipe, and the biological purification tank body is internally provided with a biochemical ball.
According to the invention, 3 parallel groups of filter plates are vertically arranged in the filter area, each group of filter plates consists of a first filter plate and a second filter plate which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, corallite is filled in the first filter plate, and filter cotton is filled in the second filter plate.
The biological purification box is higher than the water accumulation box and the culture box body, a water suction pump is arranged between the biological purification box and a pipeline of the water accumulation box, and a water outlet of the water suction pump is coated by a screen. Prevent that the suction pump from sucking backward after stopping, sucking biochemical ball into the pipeline, influence rivers and water pump life.
According to the invention, the inner wall of the breeding box body is provided with the hot water pipe in a surrounding manner, one end of the hot water pipe penetrates out of the box body and is connected with an external water inlet pipe, and the other end of the hot water pipe penetrates out of the box body and is connected with an external water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the hot water pipe is a carbon steel pipe.
The side wall of the breeding box body is composed of an outer wall and an inner wall, the outer wall and the inner wall are both PE plates, and fireproof heat-preservation cotton is filled between the outer wall and the inner wall.
The nanometer oxygenation plate is arranged in the breeding box body, and the bottom surface of the breeding box body is an inclined surface.
The invention also provides a method for closed circulating water culture of the Atlantic salmon, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting 200g of eastern salmon stocking, and carrying out anesthesia by using MS-222 to reduce the stress response of the eastern salmon during transfer;
B. soaking and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 20min before entering the pond, wherein the culture density is 9-10kg/L, and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 1 time every 15 days during culture;
C. placing Atlantic salmon in a culture box for cage culture, and breeding the Lasa nudivijiri outside the cage, wherein the cage culture mainly has the effects of ingesting residual baits and pond wall algae, 1kg of fish is placed in each cubic water body, and the specification of 200 plus 300g is selected; feeding 2 times every day, 1 time each of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm, wherein each feeding accounts for about 1.5-2% of the total weight of the fish body, the feed contains 44% of crude protein, 17% of crude fat and 19% of crude fat, and 0.2% of beta-glucan is added.
Preferably, the flow speed of circulating water in the culture box is 0.001m3And/s, keeping the dissolved oxygen above 6mg/L, the water temperature at 12-15 ℃, and the pH at 8.1-8.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts closed circulating water culture, accords with the plateau climate characteristic of large day-night temperature difference in Tibet, and is convenient for maintaining the culture water temperature; adopts a brand-new design concept of one-driving-two cultivation, the middle part is provided with a water treatment system, and the two sides are provided with cultivation boxes. The water treatment system is provided with a micro-filter and a physical filtering, ultraviolet sterilizing, ozone sterilizing and biological purifying unit of filter cotton, integrates the aquaculture technology, water quality regulating and controlling, disease preventing and controlling, circulating water controlling, micro-ecological adjusting and other technologies, is convenient to integrate automatic monitoring, improves the comprehensive output, improves the water quality through an ecological mode, improves the aquaculture effect, and solves the problems of backward efficiency, single technology, aquaculture water discharge and the like of the existing Tibetan aquaculture industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a closed recirculating aquaculture Atlantic salmon system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a water treatment unit.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the water treatment unit.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the side wall of the cultivation box.
Reference numerals: 1. breed the box, 2, water accumulation case, 3, biological purification case, 4, water treatment box, 5, hot-water line, 6, suction pump, 7, filter, 8, ultraviolet lamp, 9, microstrainer, 10, oxygen-increasing machine, 11, ozone machine, 12, inner wall, 13, outer wall, 14, fire prevention heat preservation cotton, 15, fan, 16, air supply pipe, 21, blow off pipe, 41, water inlet, 42, delivery port, 43, filtering area, 44, sterilizing area, 51, outlet pipe, 52, inlet tube, 71, first filter, 72, second filter.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly and specifically illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described by the following embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the practice of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a system for closed recirculating aquaculture of salmon includes a water treatment unit, a biological purification unit and two aquaculture cases 1, wherein a net cage is arranged in each aquaculture case 1, the water treatment unit includes a water accumulating case 2, two sides in the water accumulating case 2 are respectively provided with a micro-filter 9 and a water treatment case 4, water inlets of the two micro-filters 9 are respectively connected with one aquaculture case 1, a water outlet of the micro-filter 9 is connected with one water treatment case 4, a filtering area 43 and a sterilizing area 44 with an internal ultraviolet lamp 8 are sequentially arranged in the water treatment case 4 along a water flow direction, a water outlet 42 of the sterilizing area 44 is communicated with the water accumulating case 2, the biological purification unit includes a biological purification case 3, an aerator 10 and an ozone machine 11, a water outlet of the water accumulating case 2 is connected with the biological purification case 3, the aerator 10 is connected with the biological purification case 3 and the aquaculture cases through a fan 15 and an air supply pipeline 16 1, the ozone machine 11 is communicated with a fan 15 and an air supply pipeline 15 of the biological purification box 3, and the biological purification box 3 is communicated with an external water source.
The method comprises the steps of hanging a net cage on the side wall of a culture box body 1, culturing the Atlantic salmon in the net cage, discharging running water from the culture box body 1 to a micro-filter 9 in a water accumulating box body 2 for primary filtration to remove solid suspended particles in water, then entering a water treatment box body 4 from a water outlet of the micro-filter 9, effectively controlling the microbial biomass of the water body after secondary filtration and sterilization of an ultraviolet lamp 8, keeping the water quality good, directly flowing into the water accumulating box body 2 from the water outlet of the water treatment box body 4, then flowing out of a biological purification box 3 from the water outlet of the water accumulating box body 2, and performing biological reaction purification, oxygen enrichment and ozone disinfection to obtain purified water which circularly flows into the culture box body 1 for reuse.
Two groups of water treatment equipment are adopted in the water accumulating tank 2, so that the water treatment efficiency is higher. The oxygen supply system adopts an oxygen increasing machine 10, a fan 15 and an air duct 16. The aerator 10 and the fan 15 are connected to the aeration pipe 16, and oxygen discharged from the aerator 10 is delivered by wind power generated by the fan 15. The aeration pipeline 16 is respectively communicated with the two culture box bodies 1 and the biological purification box 3 to provide oxygen for survival of aquatic products and oxygen for nitration reaction of microorganisms. The ozone machine 11 is communicated with the biological purification box 3, and provides ozone for the biological purification box 3 through the ozone machine to sterilize and disinfect the water body after the nitrification treatment of the aquaculture water is completed. The biological purification box 3 is provided with an external source water supply pipeline for supplying culture water to the system when needed.
The micro-filter, the aerator, the ozone machine and the fan which are adopted by the invention are all conventional equipment.
Example 2
This example is based on example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the water outlet 42 of the water treatment tank 4 is an opening arranged at the top of the side wall opposite to the water inlet 41, the bottom of the water collecting tank 2 is provided with a sewage discharge pipe 21, and the biological purification tank 3 is internally provided with a biochemical ball.
The water accumulating tank discharges water from the top of the tank body, the blow-off pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, sewage deposited at the bottom of the tank body can be conveniently discharged, and the treated water body is output to the biological purification tank from the upper part. The biochemical ball is used for the nitration reaction of microorganisms.
Example 3
This example is based on example 1:
as shown in fig. 3, 3 sets of parallel filter plates 7 are vertically arranged in the filtering area 43, each set of filter plate 7 is composed of a first filter plate 71 and a second filter plate 72 which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, the first filter plate 71 is filled with corallite, and the second filter plate 72 is filled with filter cotton.
The filter plate is a conventional metal mesh frame, and corallite is arranged to improve the pH value of the water body and prevent the water body from being excessively acid for long-term circulating culture; the filter cotton is arranged to filter small-particle solid impurities, reduce the working pressure of nitrobacteria, and be cleaned regularly to ensure smooth water passing. Through three-stage filtration, the filtering effect is improved, and impurities in the water body are fully removed.
Example 4
This example is based on example 1:
And a water pump 6 is adopted, and when the water in the water accumulating tank 2 reaches a certain height, the water is pumped into the biological purification tank 3 through the water pump 6 for centralized treatment. The purified water body flows to the culture box body 1 at the lower part from the biological purification box 3 at the high part under the action of gravity, water is not needed to be pumped by a water pump, and the water flow rate can be automatically controlled by only arranging an electromagnetic valve.
Example 5
This example is based on example 1:
the inner wall of the breeding box body 1 is provided with a hot water pipe 5 in a surrounding mode, one end of the hot water pipe 5 penetrates out of the box body to be connected with an external water inlet pipe 51, and the other end of the hot water pipe 5 penetrates out of the box body to be connected with an external water outlet pipe 52. The water body is heated through the hot water pipe and is used for controlling the temperature of the water body to be constant, and the temperature difference of the water temperature of the box body is not more than +/-5 ℃ day and night.
The hot water pipe 5 is a carbon steel pipe, and the heat conduction effect is good.
Example 6
This example is based on example 1:
as shown in FIG. 4, the side wall of the cultivation box 1 is composed of an outer wall 13 and an inner wall 12, both the outer wall 13 and the inner wall 12 are PE plates, and fireproof heat preservation cotton 14 is filled between the outer wall 13 and the inner wall 12. The heat preservation effect is good, and the method is suitable for low-temperature climate of Tibet.
Example 7
This example is based on example 1:
a nanometer oxygenation plate is arranged in the breeding box body 1, and the bottom surface of the breeding box body 1 is an inclined surface.
The dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body is ensured by double oxygenation of the aerator and the nanometer oxygenation plate. The bottom surface of the breeding box body is an inclined surface, so that dirt can be conveniently collected.
Example 8
This example is based on example 1:
a method for closed circulating water aquaculture of Atlantic salmon comprises the following steps:
A. selecting 200g of eastern salmon stocking, and carrying out anesthesia by using MS-222 to reduce the stress response of the eastern salmon during transfer;
B. soaking and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 20min before entering the pond, wherein the culture density is 9-10kg/L, and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 1 time every 15 days during culture;
C. placing Atlantic salmon in a cage for cage culture, breeding the Lasa nudiflori outside the cage, placing 1kg of fish in each cubic water body, and selecting 200 plus 300g of fish; feeding 2 times every day, 1 time each of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm, wherein each feeding accounts for about 1.5-2% of the total weight of the fish body, the feed contains 44% of crude protein, 17% of crude fat and 19% of crude fat, and 0.2% of beta-glucan is added.
The flow velocity of circulating water in the aquaculture box is 0.001m3And/s, keeping the dissolved oxygen above 6mg/L, the water temperature at 12-15 ℃, and the pH at 8.1-8.5.
Three batches of Atlantic salmon are released in the culture system, are cultured for 7 months by the method, the survival rate is 91.2%, and the specific results are shown in the following table:
the above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for closed circulating water aquaculture of Arthron salmon is characterized by comprising a water treatment unit, a biological purification unit and two aquaculture boxes, wherein a net cage is arranged in each aquaculture box, the water treatment unit comprises a water accumulating box, two sides in the water accumulating box are respectively provided with a micro-filter and the water treatment boxes, the water inlets of the two micro-filters are respectively connected with one aquaculture box, the water outlet of the micro-filter is connected with one water treatment box, a filtering area and a sterilizing area with a built-in ultraviolet lamp are sequentially arranged in the water treatment box along the water flow direction, the water outlet of the sterilizing area is communicated with the water accumulating box, the biological purification unit comprises a biological purification box, an oxygen-increasing machine and an ozone machine, the water outlet of the water accumulating box is connected with the biological purification box, the oxygen-increasing machine is connected with the biological purification box and the aquaculture boxes through an air supply pipeline by a, the ozone machine is communicated with the fan and an air supply pipeline of the biological purification box, and the biological purification box is communicated with an external water source.
2. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Artobamor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet of the water treatment tank is an opening at the top of the side wall opposite to the inlet, the bottom of the water accumulating tank is provided with a drain pipe, and the biological purifying tank is provided with a biochemical ball.
3. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Artober salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein 3 sets of parallel filter plates are vertically arranged in the filtering zone, each set of filter plates comprises a first filter plate and a second filter plate which are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, the first filter plate is filled with corallite, and the second filter plate is filled with filter cotton.
4. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Atlantic salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological purification box is arranged at a higher height than the water accumulation box and the aquaculture box, a water suction pump is arranged between the biological purification box and the pipeline of the water accumulation box, and the water outlet of the water suction pump is covered by a screen.
5. The system for closed-type recirculating aquaculture of Ardong salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the aquaculture tank is surrounded by a hot water pipe, one end of the hot water pipe penetrates through the tank and is connected with an external water inlet pipe, and the other end of the hot water pipe penetrates through the tank and is connected with an external water outlet pipe.
6. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Atlantic salmon as recited in claim 5, wherein said hot water line is a carbon steel line.
7. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Atlantic salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side walls of the aquaculture tank are composed of outer walls and inner walls, the outer walls and the inner walls are made of PE plates, and fireproof heat-insulating cotton is filled between the outer walls and the inner walls.
8. The system for closed recirculating aquaculture of Ardoja salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aquaculture tank is provided with a nano-oxygenation plate, and the bottom surface of said aquaculture tank is inclined.
9. The method of closed recirculating aquaculture of Atlantic salmon according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
A. selecting 200g of eastern salmon stocking, and carrying out anesthesia by using MS-222 to reduce the stress response of the eastern salmon during transfer;
B. soaking and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 20min before entering the pond, wherein the culture density is 9-10kg/L, and sterilizing with 2% industrial salt for 1 time every 15 days during culture;
C. placing Atlantic salmon in a cage for cage culture, breeding the Lasa nudiflori outside the cage, placing 1kg of fish in each cubic water body, and selecting 200 plus 300g of fish; feeding 2 times every day, 1 time each of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm, wherein each feeding accounts for about 1.5-2% of the total weight of the fish body, the feed contains 44% of crude protein, 17% of crude fat and 19% of crude fat, and 0.2% of beta-glucan is added.
10. The method for closed-type recirculating aquaculture of Atlantic salmon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the recirculating water in the aquaculture tank is 0.001m3And/s, keeping the dissolved oxygen above 6mg/L, the water temperature at 12-15 ℃, and the pH at 8.1-8.5.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114747513A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | High-density cultivation method for early juvenile fishes of brachymystax lenok |
| GB2609424A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-08 | Mowi Scotland Ltd | Filtration module and methods |
| WO2023118186A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Arctic Sustainability Group Ab | Water treatment system |
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| GB2609424A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-08 | Mowi Scotland Ltd | Filtration module and methods |
| WO2023118186A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Arctic Sustainability Group Ab | Water treatment system |
| CN114747513A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | High-density cultivation method for early juvenile fishes of brachymystax lenok |
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