CN103283642A - Water quality control method for indoor high-density temporary shrimp seed culture - Google Patents
Water quality control method for indoor high-density temporary shrimp seed culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103283642A CN103283642A CN2013101709078A CN201310170907A CN103283642A CN 103283642 A CN103283642 A CN 103283642A CN 2013101709078 A CN2013101709078 A CN 2013101709078A CN 201310170907 A CN201310170907 A CN 201310170907A CN 103283642 A CN103283642 A CN 103283642A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water quality control method for indoor high-density temporary shrimp seed culture. The method includes the steps of ponding preparations of temporary culture device arrangement, culture water disinfection, probiotics adhesion and inoculation and water environment regulation, and temporary culture process water quality control of early-period water quality control in temporary culture and later-period water quality control in temporary culture. Diaphragms and an aerating pipe are arranged in a temporary culture pond of the temporary culture device. The method has the advantages that since the diaphragms are hung in the temporary culture water, shrimp seed perching and adhesion area is increased, and temporary culture density is increased; bait particles fed in the early period are evenly distributed in the water and mostly adsorbed on the surfaces of the diaphragms by the aid of the rough surfaces of the diaphragms and water flow drive caused by even aeration, and accordingly specification irregularity caused by ingestion difference is reduced; biological membranes can be formed on the surfaces of the diaphragms to absorb and degrade suspended organic chips, residual feeds, faeces, water soluble nitrogenous pollutants in the water, good culture environment is maintained, wastewater emission in the culture process is reduced, and environmental pollution is reduced. Besides, the method can be applied to shrimp culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of prawn, particularly high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room.
Background technology
The shrimp seedling needs to concentrate through the little water body of certain phase earlier before the input of the big pool is formed to support cultivation temporarily, be to obtain the seedlings in strong sprout, accurately grasp and put seedling density, improve and form the important measures that the time is formed in survival rate and saving, it simultaneously also is the successful key problem in technology of shrimp seedling secondary desalination, also be to carry out the phase I that the prawn classification is cultured, in the breeding process of prawn, occupied extremely important position.
Support temporarily in the system in indoor prawn high density, the quick accumulation that because higher input density, single artificial feed throw something and feed, comparatively simple ecological system and low excessively environmental carrying capacity very easily cause toxic pollutant in the water body causes water quality deterioration.Therefore, the breeding water body regulating and controlling water quality showed important especially during the shrimp seedling was supported temporarily.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the object of the present invention is to provide the interior high density of a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room to support the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily, be conducive to growing up strong and sturdy of shrimp seedling in batches, improve the shrimp shoot survival percent.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
High density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room, may further comprise the steps:
1) go into preparation before the pond:
A. support the device setting temporarily: described aeration tube of supporting temporarily at the bottom of device comprises storage pond, holding pond, some diaphragms and is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond pond, described storage pond, holding pond is provided with water inlet, discharge outlet and appendix, described each diaphragm equidistantly hangs in the storage pond, holding pond side by side, and each diaphragm is parallel to each other;
B. breeding water body sterilization;
C. probio adheres to and inoculates;
D. water environment is regulated;
2) support regulating and controlling water quality in the process temporarily:
A. support the water quality adjustment in early stage temporarily: every day was by 0.5 L/m after the shrimp seedling was gone into the pond
3Water body probio-brown sugar the mixed liquor of splashing was splashed 5-7 days continuously, to water transparency be 50-60cm, add high water level gradually till the 100-120cm, make membrane surface form biomembrane;
B. support the middle and later periods water quality adjustment temporarily.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described diaphragm is closely knit, the shaggy polythene net in single or multiple lift aperture or cellulosic cloth, described diaphragm all is immersed in the water, leaves the space all around so that prawn and current pass through, and the diaphragm below is equipped with the tenesmus thing.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described storage pond, holding pond is cement pit in square, circle or the elliptic chamber, and the aspect ratio of length direction and width is 1～3 ︰ 1, and high 1.2～1.5m, area are 10～50m
2Each diaphragm size of square storage pond, holding pond is identical and all be parallel to pool wall; The diaphragm size maximum at place reduces gradually the closer to the both sides diaphragm size in the middle of the circular or oval-shaped storage pond, holding pond.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described each aeration tube is parallel to each other, and each aeration tube is arranged between the adjacent diaphragms or is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond two ends and perpendicular to diaphragm.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described aeration tube is the pvc pipe of nanometer aeration tube or equidistant perforate.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described probio is single bacteria preparation or the composite bacteria preparation of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, it is that probio comprises bacillus 1 * 10 that described probio adheres to inoculation method
9～1 * 10
10CFU/L and lactic acid bacteria 1 * 10
9～5 * 10
9CFU/L, and place bucket to mix with brown sugar 5～10g/L adds fully aeration activation behind the water, behind the bolting silk net filtration, adds photosynthetic bacteria 1 * 10
9～5 * 10
9CFU/L is with 1 L/m
3The full storage pond, holding pond of the water body above-mentioned mixed liquor of splashing.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described breeding water body disinfectant method is, enter storage pond, holding pond behind the breeding water process filter pulp bag filtration, every cube of bleaching powder 1-2g that water body is splashed and contained available chlorine 25%-32%, after effect more than the 6h, in the sodium thiosulfate and chlorine residue, aeration used after one day.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, described water environment control method is to regulate and support each index of water body temporarily and treat into pond shrimp seedling environment of living in close, wherein, temperature differs＜2 ℃, and pH differs＜and 0.5, salinity differs＜and 2 ‰, the water colour nutritional agents of splashing is regulated water colour to filbert.Regulate aeration rate, accomplish full and uniform aeration in the pond.Above-mentioned water colour nutritional agents is band look water quality improvement medicines such as commercially available water colour nutritional agents or sodium humate.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, the described middle and later periods water quality adjustment method of supporting temporarily is, changed water on a small quantity once in every 7-10 days, quantity of exchanged water is 5%-10%, change the aquatic products Vc that splashes behind the water, with fall stress, mix the live bacteria agent of throwing something and feeding in the feed, the quicklime of splashing one time in every 7-10 days, consumption is 5-10 g/m
3Water body.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by supporting suspension diaphragm in the water body temporarily, increase the shrimp seedling attached area of dwelling, improve and support density temporarily, and can reduce and kill and devour probability; The current that the rough surface of diaphragm and uniform aeration bring promote, and the bait particulate that thrown something and fed early stage is uniformly distributed in water body and major part is adsorbed in membrane surface, thereby it is uneven to reduce the specification that causes because of the difference of ingesting; Membrane surface can form biomembrane with suspend in absorption and the degraded water body organic debris, residual bait ight soil and water body dissolubility nitrogen-containing pollutant, keeps good breeding environment, reduces discharge of wastewater in the breeding process, reduces environmental pollution; Organic matter on the diaphragm also can be prawn and ingests raising efficiency of feed utilization, reduction aquaculture cost simultaneously.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention supports schematic representation of apparatus temporarily.
Embodiment
Carry out the test of this method in certain plant, throw in density 10000 tails/m
3, the long 0.8cm of average body supported 20 days temporarily, and test is single bacteria preparation with bacillus, lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria, breeding water salinity 3-5 ‰, pH 8.3-8.6, water temperature 25-29 ℃.
Following embodiment is all based on above-mentioned temporarily foster environment.
Embodiment 1
High density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room, carries out according to the following steps:
1) go into preparation before the pond:
A. support the device setting temporarily: as shown in Figure 1, support the aeration tube 3 at the bottom of device comprises square storage pond, holding pond 1, some diaphragms 2 and is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond pond temporarily.Storage pond, holding pond 1 is provided with water inlet, discharge outlet and appendix 4, and it is of a size of 5 * 5 * 1.2m.Each diaphragm 2 equidistantly hangs in the storage pond, holding pond 1 side by side, and each diaphragm 2 is parallel to each other and is parallel to pool wall.Be parallel to the pool wall direction glass thread 5 of equidistantly arranging along storage pond, holding pond 1, distance between centers of tracks 50cm, nearly pool wall end two glass threads 5 and pool wall spacing 50cm, the pond face arranges supporting rope 7 along glass thread 5 vertical direction.Diaphragm 2 is 40 order polythene nets, through doubling, and after four sidecar line pressures are tight, wide 60cm, long 400cm.Diaphragm 2 hangs with nylon rope and is fixed on the glass thread 5, adjusts upper edge that suspension height makes diaphragm 2 apart from the water surface 15～20cm, lower edge 10～15cm at the bottom of the pond, the diaphragm 2 bottoms tenesmus thing 6 that evenly suspends.Nanometer aeration tube of each adherent layout of straight diaphragm 2 directions of storage pond, holding pond 1 dolly, aeration tube 3 two ends link to each other with the appendix 4 that is connected fan blower;
B. breeding water body sterilization: enter storage pond, holding pond 1 behind the breeding water process filter pulp bag filtration, water inlet 90cm in the pond, every cube of bleaching powder 1-2g that water body is splashed and contained available chlorine 25%-32% is after effect more than the 6h, in the sodium thiosulfate and chlorine residue, aeration used after one day;
C. probio adheres to and inoculates: probio comprises bacillus 1 * 10
10CFU/L, lactic acid bacteria 5 * 10
9CFU/L, brown sugar 5g/L places bucket to mix, and adds fully aeration activation behind the water, behind the bolting silk net filtration, adds photosynthetic bacteria 5 * 10
9CFU/L is with 1 L/m
3This kind of water body full pool spilling head probio-brown sugar mixed liquor;
D. water environment is regulated: regulate breeding water body index (temperature, pH and salinity etc.) and treat into pond prawn environment of living in closely, wherein, temperature differs＜2 ℃, and pH differs＜0.5, and salinity differs＜and 2 ‰.Water colour nutritional agents 3g/m splashes
3Water body is regulated water colour to filbert.Regulate aeration rate, accomplish full and uniform aeration;
2) support regulating and controlling water quality in the process temporarily:
A. support the water quality adjustment in early stage temporarily: every day is by 0.5 L/m after prawn goes into the pond
3Water body probio-brown sugar the mixed liquor of splashing was splashed 7 days continuously, to water transparency be 50-60cm.Add high water level gradually till the 100cm, make membrane surface form biomembrane;
B. support the middle and later periods water quality adjustment temporarily: changed water on a small quantity once in per 7 days, quantity of exchanged water is 5%, adjusts according to feeding volume and water transparency appropriateness, changes the aquatic products Vc that splashes behind the water, stress to fall.Mix the live bacteria agent of throwing something and feeding in the feed and (comprise bacillus 5 * 10
8CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5 * 10
8CFU/g) to replenish water body probio quantity at any time.According to the water body pH situation quicklime of splashing one time in per 7 days, consumption is 5-10 g/m
3Water body.
Embodiment 2
High density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room, carries out according to the following steps:
1) go into preparation before the pond:
A. support the device setting temporarily: support the aeration tube at the bottom of device comprises circular storage pond, holding pond, some diaphragms and is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond pond temporarily.Storage pond, holding pond is provided with water inlet, discharge outlet and appendix, the high 1.4m of storage pond, holding pond, area 10 m
2Each diaphragm equidistantly hangs in the storage pond, holding pond side by side, and each diaphragm is parallel to each other and is parallel to pool wall.Be parallel to the pool wall direction glass thread of equidistantly arranging along storage pond, holding pond, the pond face arranges supporting rope along the glass thread vertical direction.Diaphragm is 60 order polythene nets, and through doubling, four sidecar line pressures are tight.Diaphragm hangs with nylon rope and is fixed on the glass thread, adjusts upper edge that suspension height makes diaphragm apart from the water surface 15～20cm, lower edge 10～15cm at the bottom of the pond, the diaphragm bottom tenesmus thing that evenly suspends.Arrange the nanometer aeration tube at the bottom of the storage pond, holding pond between two adjacent diaphragms, the aeration tube two ends link to each other with the appendix that is connected fan blower;
B. breeding water body sterilization: enter storage pond, holding pond behind the breeding water process filter pulp bag filtration, water inlet 90cm in the pond, every cube of bleaching powder 1-2g that water body is splashed and contained available chlorine 25%-32% is after effect more than the 6h, in the sodium thiosulfate and chlorine residue, aeration used after one day;
C. probio adheres to and inoculates: probio comprises bacillus 1 * 10
9CFU/L, lactic acid bacteria 1 * 10
9CFU/L, brown sugar 10g/L places bucket to mix, and adds fully aeration activation behind the water, behind the bolting silk net filtration, adds photosynthetic bacteria 1 * 10
9CFU/L is with 1 L/m
3This kind of water body full pool spilling head probio-brown sugar mixed liquor;
D. water environment is regulated: regulate breeding water body index (temperature, pH and salinity etc.) and treat into pond prawn environment of living in closely, wherein, temperature differs＜2 ℃, and pH differs＜0.5, and salinity differs＜and 2 ‰.Water colour nutritional agents 3g/m splashes
3Water body is regulated water colour to filbert.Regulate aeration rate, accomplish full and uniform aeration;
2) support regulating and controlling water quality in the process temporarily:
A. support the water quality adjustment in early stage temporarily: every day is by 0.5 L/m after prawn goes into the pond
3Water body probio-brown sugar the mixed liquor of splashing was splashed 5 days continuously, to water transparency be 50-60cm.Add high water level gradually till the 120cm, make membrane surface form biomembrane;
B. support the middle and later periods water quality adjustment temporarily: changed water on a small quantity once in per 10 days, quantity of exchanged water is 10%, adjusts according to feeding volume and water transparency appropriateness, changes the aquatic products Vc that splashes behind the water, stress to fall.Mix the live bacteria agent of throwing something and feeding in the feed and (comprise bacillus 5 * 10
8CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5 * 10
8CFU/g) to replenish water body probio quantity at any time.According to the water body pH situation quicklime of splashing one time in per 10 days, consumption is 5-10 g/m
3Water body.
Embodiment 3
High density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in a kind of prawn shrimp seedling room, carries out according to the following steps:
1) go into preparation before the pond:
A. support the device setting temporarily: support the aeration tube at the bottom of device comprises oval-shaped storage pond, holding pond, some diaphragms and is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond pond temporarily.Storage pond, holding pond is provided with water inlet, discharge outlet and appendix, the high 1.5m of storage pond, holding pond, area 50m
2Each diaphragm equidistantly hangs in the storage pond, holding pond side by side, and each diaphragm is parallel to each other and is parallel to pool wall.Be parallel to the pool wall direction glass thread of equidistantly arranging along storage pond, holding pond, the pond face arranges supporting rope along the glass thread vertical direction.Diaphragm is single layer fibre matter cloth.Diaphragm hangs with nylon rope and is fixed on the glass thread, adjusts upper edge that suspension height makes diaphragm apart from the water surface 15～20cm, lower edge 10～15cm at the bottom of the pond, the diaphragm bottom tenesmus thing that evenly suspends.Arrange the nanometer aeration tube at the bottom of the storage pond, holding pond between two adjacent diaphragms, the aeration tube two ends link to each other with the appendix that is connected fan blower;
B. breeding water body sterilization: enter storage pond, holding pond behind the breeding water process filter pulp bag filtration, water inlet 90cm in the pond, every cube of bleaching powder 1-2g that water body is splashed and contained available chlorine 25%-32% is after effect more than the 6h, in the sodium thiosulfate and chlorine residue, aeration used after one day;
C. probio adheres to and inoculates: probio comprises bacillus 5 * 10
9CFU/L, lactic acid bacteria 2.5 * 10
9CFU/L, brown sugar 7.5g/L places bucket to mix, and adds fully aeration activation behind the water, behind the bolting silk net filtration, adds photosynthetic bacteria 2.5 * 10
9CFU/L is with 1 L/m
3This kind of water body full pool spilling head probio-brown sugar mixed liquor;
D. water environment is regulated: regulate breeding water body index (temperature, pH and salinity etc.) and treat into pond prawn environment of living in closely, wherein, temperature differs＜2 ℃, and pH differs＜0.5, and salinity differs＜and 2 ‰.Water colour nutritional agents 3g/m splashes
3Water body is regulated water colour to filbert.Regulate aeration rate, accomplish full and uniform aeration;
2) support regulating and controlling water quality in the process temporarily:
A. support the water quality adjustment in early stage temporarily: every day is by 0.5 L/m after prawn goes into the pond
3Water body probio-brown sugar the mixed liquor of splashing was splashed 6 days continuously, to water transparency be 50-60cm.Add high water level gradually till the 110cm, make membrane surface form biomembrane;
B. support the middle and later periods water quality adjustment temporarily: changed water on a small quantity once in per 8 days, quantity of exchanged water is 7%, adjusts according to feeding volume and water transparency appropriateness, changes the aquatic products Vc that splashes behind the water, stress to fall.Mix the live bacteria agent of throwing something and feeding in the feed and (comprise bacillus 5 * 10
8CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5 * 10
8CFU/g) to replenish water body probio quantity at any time.According to the water body pH situation quicklime of splashing one time in per 8 days, consumption is 5-10 g/m
3Water body.
Claims (10)
1. the interior high density of prawn shrimp seedling room is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) go into preparation before the pond:
A. support the device setting temporarily: described aeration tube of supporting temporarily at the bottom of device comprises storage pond, holding pond, some diaphragms and is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond pond, described storage pond, holding pond is provided with water inlet, discharge outlet and appendix, described each diaphragm equidistantly hangs in the storage pond, holding pond side by side, and each diaphragm is parallel to each other;
B. breeding water body sterilization;
C. probio adheres to and inoculates;
D. water environment is regulated;
2) support regulating and controlling water quality in the process temporarily:
A. support the water quality adjustment in early stage temporarily: every day was by 0.5 L/m after the shrimp seedling was gone into the pond
3Water body probio-brown sugar the mixed liquor of splashing was splashed 5-7 days continuously, to water transparency be 50-60cm, add high water level gradually till the 100-120cm, make membrane surface form biomembrane;
B. support the middle and later periods water quality adjustment temporarily.
2. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described diaphragm is the shaggy polythene net of single or multiple lift or cellulosic cloth, described diaphragm all is immersed in the water, leaves the space all around so that prawn and current pass through.
3. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described storage pond, holding pond is cement pit in square, circle or the elliptic chamber, the aspect ratio of length direction and width is 1～3 ︰ 1, and high 1.2～1.5m, area are 10～50m
2
4. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: described each aeration tube is parallel to each other, and each aeration tube is arranged between the adjacent diaphragms or is positioned at the storage pond, holding pond two ends and perpendicular to diaphragm.
5. support the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily according to high density in claim 1 or the 4 described prawn shrimp seedling rooms, it is characterized in that: described aeration tube is the pvc pipe of nanometer aeration tube or equidistant perforate.
6. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: described probio is single bacteria preparation or the composite bacteria preparation of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria.
7. support the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily according to high density in claim 1 or the 6 described prawn shrimp seedling rooms, it is characterized in that: it is that probio comprises bacillus 1 * 10 that described probio adheres to inoculation method
9～1 * 10
10CFU/L and lactic acid bacteria 1 * 10
9～5 * 10
9CFU/L, and place bucket to mix with brown sugar 5～10g/L adds fully aeration activation behind the water, behind the bolting silk net filtration, adds photosynthetic bacteria 1 * 10
9～5 * 10
9CFU/L is with 1 L/m
3The full storage pond, holding pond of the water body above-mentioned mixed liquor of splashing.
8. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described breeding water body disinfectant method is, enter storage pond, holding pond behind the breeding water process filter pulp bag filtration, every cube of bleaching powder 1-2g that water body is splashed and contained available chlorine 25%-32%, after effect more than the 6h, in the sodium thiosulfate and chlorine residue, aeration used after one day.
9. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water environment control method is, regulate and support each index of water body temporarily and treat into pond shrimp seedling environment of living in close, wherein, temperature differs＜and 2 ℃, pH differs＜and 0.5, salinity differs＜and 2 ‰, the water colour nutritional agents of splashing is regulated water colour to filbert.
10. high density is supported the regulating and controlling water quality method temporarily in the prawn shrimp seedling room according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described middle and later periods water quality adjustment method of supporting temporarily is, changed water on a small quantity once in every 7-10 days, quantity of exchanged water is 5%-10%, change the aquatic products Vc that splashes behind the water, with fall stress, mix the live bacteria agent of throwing something and feeding in the feed, the quicklime of splashing one time in every 7-10 days, consumption is 5-10 g/m
3Water body.
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| CN103947591A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Multi-layer cultivating method for penaeus japonicus through circulating water |
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| CN110771543A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2020-02-11 | 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 | Litopenaeus vannamei high-density culture method based on multistage biological self-regulation system |
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