CN103548736B - The domestication by low temperature breeding method of a kind of Huso huso seed - Google Patents
The domestication by low temperature breeding method of a kind of Huso huso seed Download PDFInfo
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A domestication by low temperature breeding method for Huso huso seed, relates to fish fry acclimatization culture method.The present invention will solve existing Huso huso seed rearing mode to cultivate the low problem of seed survival rate at low temperatures.The inventive method is: after Huso huso prelarva is supported 8 ~ 9d temporarily at temperature is 12 ~ 13 DEG C, 5 ~ 6d is cultivated with broken water earthworm live bait opening at water temperature is 13 ~ 14 DEG C, then different times DIFFERENT FEED carries out domestication raising, control the envirment factor such as cultivation density to the body weight of seed simultaneously and reach 4.5 ~ 5g, long 9 ~ the 10cm of body, namely completes the acclimatization culture of Huso huso seed.The seed quality better that the present invention cultivates, survival rate can reach 60% ~ 65%, and comparatively conventional method improves 4 ~ 5 times, for the large-scale cultivation of Huso huso is laid a good foundation, simultaneously also for the domestication of other fish provides reference and experience, is easy to promote.The present invention is applied to aquaculture field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish fry acclimatization culture method.
Background technology
Huso huso (Husodauricus) belongs to Gadiformes, Acipenseridae, and huso sturgeon belongs to.Huso huso is Heilungkiang special product, in the world one of only 2 kinds of sturgeons, is also fish maximum in fresh water.Sturgeon sexual maturity is late, and need 16-20 age under nature, the generation cycle is long, and resource is once suffer to destroy very difficult recovery.Sturgeon is also one of freshwater fish that economic worth is the highest in the world, and its caviar is one of the most expensive in the world food.Due to the factor such as environmental pollution, overfishing, at present, the Huso huso natural resources in Heilungkiang sharply declines, and within 2005, Heilongjiang Province's fishery output is own less than lOt, almost nil at present.In order to protect endangered Huso huso natural resources, meet people's needs growing to famous-brand and high-quality aquatic products to greatest extent, artificial propagation and the cultivation of carrying out Huso huso are imperative simultaneously.In Gadiformes fish family, Huso huso belongs to typical violent predacious fish, and Huso huso mouth is the next, it is larger fish of dwelling at the end, be mainly food with benthic fishes at natural world, and very strong to the dependence of biological feed (live bait), it is very big that difficulty raised and train by artificial feed.In addition, Huso huso has biological property (the suitable low temperature of its uniqueness, fast growth, seed ingestion ability difference and resistance weak etc.), larger difference is had with other sturgeons, China raised and train wild sturgeon juvenile fish from 2000, main employing traditional sturgeon seed cultivate mode, in such a mode, Huso huso for many years raise and train survival rate all about 10%, therefore, the cultured population of sturgeon is always very little, this just determines Huso huso and propagates the special technology of needs artificially, the seed acclimatization culture technology of other Acipenseridae fish is also not exclusively applicable to Huso huso.It is low that Huso huso seed raises and train survival rate, limits further developing of large-scale cultivation.At present, the domestic concrete operations technology also not having the Huso huso seed acclimatization culture of mature and feasible.
Disclose a kind of breeding method of Huso huso larva and juvenile in " Huso huso larval rearing technology " (Cao Defu, " Chinese Fishery ", o. 11th in 1999), but the method deposits the problem that cultivation seed survival rate is low at low temperatures.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve existing Huso huso seed rearing mode to cultivate the low problem of seed survival rate at low temperatures, thus provides the acclimatization culture method of a kind of Huso huso seed.
The acclimatization culture method of a kind of Huso huso seed of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
One, Huso huso prelarva put into the circular glass steel tank through sterilization by the density of each circular glass steel tank 7000 ~ 8000 tail prelarva, the diameter of circular glass steel tank is 2 ~ 3m, and height is 40 ~ 50cm, keeps the depth of water 30 ~ 35cm, before prelarva opening, at temperature is 12 ~ 13 DEG C, support 8 ~ 9d temporarily;
Two, prelarva is through supporting after date temporarily, cultivate 5 ~ 6d with broken water earthworm live bait opening at water temperature is 13 ~ 14 DEG C after, it is 14 ~ 15 DEG C in water temperature, intensity of illumination is 10 ~ 100Lux, light application time is throw something and feed in 6 ~ 12 hours/world, throw something and feed every day 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is as the criterion to be satiated with food and slightly to remain bait, removes dead seedling and debris getting in cultivating process;
Three, treat the long 2.0 ~ 3.0cm of fry body, after body weight reaches 0.2 ~ 0.3g, admixed in live bait by the manufactured feed of diameter≤0.5mm and throw something and feed, induction prelarva ingests, and throws something and feeds every day 7 ~ 8 times;
Four, prelarva is after food calling 2 ~ 3d, and acclimatization culture is carried out in bait A7 ~ 8 time of throwing something and feeding every day, and every day, feeding volume was 7% ~ 8% of fry body weight; Wherein, described bait A is to be mixed to get at 20 ~ 30: 1 by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio;
Five, treat that fry body weight reaches 0.5 ~ 1.0g, when body length is 4 ~ 5cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 5000 ~ 6000 tail, throw something and feed in bait B and bait C interval, throw something and feed every day number of times 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is 5% ~ 6% of fry body weight, reduces bait B gradually and to throw something and feed number of times, increase bait C to throw something and feed number of times, all throw something and feed after 15 ~ 16d bait C; Wherein, described bait B is to be mixed to get at 10 ~ 15: 1 by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio; Described bait C admixes half broken earthworm airing by manufactured feed and makes;
Six, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.0 ~ 1.5g, when body length is 6 ~ 7cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 2500 ~ 3000 tail, at temperature is 15 ~ 16 DEG C, bait C and manufactured feed are are alternately thrown something and fed, to throw something and feed every day number of times 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is 5% ~ 6% of fry body weight, reduce bait C gradually to throw something and feed number of times, increase manufactured feed to throw something and feed number of times, manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding completely after 9 ~ 10d, the body weight of cultivating to seed reaches 4.5 ~ 5g, long 9 ~ the 10cm of body, namely completes the acclimatization culture of Huso huso seed;
Wherein, described manufactured feed is bought and is unified feed corporation,Ltd from middle mountain.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adjusts each circular glass steel tank fry rearing density in time, is conducive to the control of bacterial gill, reduces prelarva and stings the mutual residual probability of tail, improve the domestication survival rate of fry;
2, the Huso huso seed size of the present invention's cultivation is neat, physique good; seed domestication survival rate can reach 60% ~ 65%, and comparatively conventional method improves 4 ~ 5 times, for the large-scale cultivation of Huso huso is laid a good foundation; simultaneously also for the domestication of other fish provides reference and experience, be easy to promote.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment the acclimatization culture method of a kind of Huso huso seed be carry out according to the following steps:
One, Huso huso prelarva put into the circular glass steel tank through sterilization by the density of each circular glass steel tank 7000 ~ 8000 tail prelarva, the diameter of circular glass steel tank is 2 ~ 3m, and height is 40 ~ 50cm, keeps the depth of water 30 ~ 35cm, before prelarva opening, at temperature is 12 ~ 13 DEG C, support 8 ~ 9d temporarily;
Two, prelarva is through supporting after date temporarily, cultivate 5 ~ 6d with broken water earthworm live bait opening at water temperature is 13 ~ 14 DEG C after, it is 14 ~ 15 DEG C in water temperature, intensity of illumination is 10 ~ 100Lux, light application time is throw something and feed in 6 ~ 12 hours/world, throw something and feed every day 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is as the criterion to be satiated with food and slightly to remain bait, removes dead seedling and debris getting in cultivating process;
Three, treat the long 2.0 ~ 3.0cm of fry body, after body weight reaches 0.2 ~ 0.3g, admixed in live bait by the manufactured feed of diameter≤0.5mm and throw something and feed, induction prelarva ingests, and throws something and feeds every day 7 ~ 8 times;
Four, prelarva is after food calling 2 ~ 3d, and acclimatization culture is carried out in bait A7 ~ 8 time of throwing something and feeding every day, and every day, feeding volume was 7% ~ 8% of fry body weight; Wherein, described bait A is to be mixed to get at 20 ~ 30: 1 by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio;
Five, treat that fry body weight reaches 0.5 ~ 1.0g, when body length is 4 ~ 5cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 5000 ~ 6000 tail, throw something and feed in bait B and bait C interval, throw something and feed every day number of times 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is 5% ~ 6% of fry body weight, reduces bait B gradually and to throw something and feed number of times, increase bait C to throw something and feed number of times, all throw something and feed after 15 ~ 16d bait C; Wherein, described bait B is to be mixed to get at 10 ~ 15: 1 by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio; Described bait C admixes half broken earthworm airing by manufactured feed and makes;
Six, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.0 ~ 1.5g, when body length is 6 ~ 7cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 2500 ~ 3000 tail, at temperature is 15 ~ 16 DEG C, bait C and manufactured feed are are alternately thrown something and fed, to throw something and feed every day number of times 7 ~ 8 times, feeding volume is 5% ~ 6% of fry body weight, reduce bait C gradually to throw something and feed number of times, increase manufactured feed to throw something and feed number of times, manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding completely after 9 ~ 10d, the body weight of cultivating to seed reaches 4.5 ~ 5g, long 9 ~ the 10cm of body, namely completes the acclimatization culture of Huso huso seed;
Wherein, described manufactured feed is bought and is unified feed corporation,Ltd from middle mountain.
Present embodiment comprises following beneficial effect:
1, present embodiment adjusts each circular glass steel tank fry rearing density in time, is conducive to the control of bacterial gill, reduces prelarva and stings the mutual residual probability of tail, improve the domestication survival rate of fry;
2, the Huso huso seed size of present embodiment cultivation is neat, physique good; seed domestication survival rate can reach 60% ~ 65%; comparatively conventional method improves 4 ~ 5 times; for the large-scale cultivation of Huso huso is laid a good foundation; simultaneously also for the domestication of other fish provides reference and experience, be easy to promote.
Embodiment two: present embodiment mode and embodiment one unlike: in step one, circular glass steel tank povidone iodine is sterilized.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two unlike: in step one, the diameter of circular glass steel tank is 2m, and height is 40cm.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: at temperature is 12 DEG C, temporarily support 8d in step one.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four unlike: at water temperature is 14 DEG C, cultivate 6d with broken water earthworm live bait opening in step 2.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five unlike: in step 2, intensity of illumination is 100Lux, and light application time is 12 hours/day.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six unlike: in step 4 bait A by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 20:1 is mixed to get.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven unlike: in step 5 bait B by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 15:1 is mixed to get.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test one: the acclimatization culture method of a kind of Huso huso seed of this test realizes according to the following steps:
One, Huso huso prelarva put into the circular glass steel tank through sterilization by the density of each circular glass steel tank 8000 tail prelarva, the diameter of circular glass steel tank is 2m, and height be 40cm, keeps depth of water 30cm, before prelarva opening, and temporary foster 8d at temperature is 12 DEG C;
Two, prelarva is through supporting after date temporarily, 6d is cultivated with broken water earthworm live bait opening at water temperature is 14 DEG C, then water temperature is adjusted to 15 DEG C, dead seedling and debris getting is removed in cultivating process, after prelarva opening is cultivated, intensity of illumination is 100Lux, and light application time is 12 hours/day, throw something and feed every day 8 times, feeding volume is as the criterion to be satiated with food and slightly to remain bait;
Three, prelarva opening cultivates 10d, the long 3.0cm of fry body, after body weight reaches 0.3g, is admixed in live bait by the manufactured feed of diameter≤0.5mm and throws something and feeds, and induction prelarva ingests, and throws something and feeds every day 8 times;
Four, prelarva is after food calling 2d, bait A8 time of throwing something and feeding every day, and every day, feeding volume was that 8% of fry body weight carries out acclimatization culture; Wherein, described bait A by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 20:1 is mixed to get;
Five, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.0g, when body length is for 5cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 6000 tail, throw something and feed in bait B and bait C interval, throw something and feed every day each 4 times, feeding volume is 6% of fry body weight, within every 4 days, reduces the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait B, increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait C, all throw something and feed after 15d bait C; Wherein, described bait B by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 15:1 is mixed to get; Described bait C admixes half broken earthworm airing by manufactured feed and makes;
Six, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.5g, when body length is for 7cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 3000 tail, at temperature is 16 DEG C, bait B and manufactured feed are are alternately thrown something and fed, 3 bait B and 4 time manufactured feeds of throwing something and feeding every day, and feeding volume is 5% of fry body weight, within every 3 days, reduce the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait C, increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 manufactured feed, manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding completely after 9d, the body weight of cultivating to seed reaches 5g, the long 10cm of body, namely completes the acclimatization culture of Huso huso seed;
Wherein, described manufactured feed is bought and is unified feed corporation,Ltd from middle mountain.
This test is each circular glass steel tank fry rearing density of adjustment in time, is conducive to the control of bacterial gill, reduces prelarva and sting the mutual residual probability of tail, improve the domestication survival rate of fry;
The Huso huso seed size that this test is cultivated is neat, physique good; seed domestication survival rate can reach 60% ~ 65%, and comparatively conventional method improves 4 ~ 5 times, for the large-scale cultivation of Huso huso is laid a good foundation; simultaneously also for the domestication of other fish provides reference and experience, be easy to promote.
Claims (1)
1. a domestication by low temperature breeding method for Huso huso seed, is characterized in that the acclimatization culture method of Huso huso seed carries out according to the following steps:
One, Huso huso prelarva put into the circular glass steel tank through sterilization by the density of each circular glass steel tank 8000 tail prelarva, the diameter of circular glass steel tank is 2m, and height be 40cm, keeps depth of water 30cm, before prelarva opening, and temporary foster 8d at temperature is 12 DEG C;
Two, prelarva is through supporting after date temporarily, 6d is cultivated with broken water earthworm live bait opening at water temperature is 14 DEG C, then water temperature is adjusted to 15 DEG C, dead seedling and debris getting is removed in cultivating process, after prelarva opening is cultivated, intensity of illumination is 100Lux, and light application time is 12 hours/day, throw something and feed every day 8 times, feeding volume is as the criterion to be satiated with food and slightly to remain bait;
Three, prelarva opening cultivates 10d, the long 3.0cm of fry body, after body weight reaches 0.3g, is admixed in live bait by the manufactured feed of diameter≤0.5mm and throws something and feeds, and induction prelarva ingests, and throws something and feeds every day 8 times;
Four, prelarva is after food calling 2d, bait A8 time of throwing something and feeding every day, and every day, feeding volume was that 8% of fry body weight carries out acclimatization culture; Wherein, described bait A by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 20:1 is mixed to get;
Five, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.0g, when body length is for 5cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 6000 tail, throw something and feed in bait B and bait C interval, throw something and feed every day each 4 times, feeding volume is 6% of fry body weight, within every 4 days, reduces the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait B, increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait C, all throw something and feed after 15d bait C; Wherein, described bait B by live bait and manufactured feed in mass ratio for 15:1 is mixed to get; Described bait C admixes half broken earthworm airing by manufactured feed and makes;
Six, treat that fry body weight reaches 1.5g, when body length is for 7cm, adjustment fry density is each circular glass steel tank 3000 tail, at temperature is 16 DEG C, bait B and manufactured feed are are alternately thrown something and fed, 3 bait B and 4 time manufactured feeds of throwing something and feeding every day, and feeding volume is 5% of fry body weight, within every 3 days, reduce the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 bait C, increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding of 1 manufactured feed, manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding completely after 9d, the body weight of cultivating to seed reaches 5g, the long 10cm of body, namely completes the acclimatization culture of Huso huso seed.
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| CN103947586B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-18 | 新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所 | A kind of method utilizing artifical compound feed to tame zander seed |
| CN106172124A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 杭州千岛湖鲟龙科技股份有限公司 | A kind of artificial breeding method of Europe, southern area huso sturgeon |
| CN107173277A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-19 | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州农业科学院 | The acclimation method and cultural method of a kind of sturgeon |
| CN107318714A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽省泾县丰瑞水产科技有限公司 | A kind of sturgeon seed domestication turns food method |
| CN113412801B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-10-04 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Simple method for rapidly domesticating zander |
| CN113508766B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-10-21 | 华中农业大学 | Method for domesticating and feeding largemouth bass fry |
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