CN109479603A - Waterproof place planting tree method suitable for park plaza tree battle array - Google Patents
Waterproof place planting tree method suitable for park plaza tree battle array Download PDFInfo
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- CN109479603A CN109479603A CN201811504917.XA CN201811504917A CN109479603A CN 109479603 A CN109479603 A CN 109479603A CN 201811504917 A CN201811504917 A CN 201811504917A CN 109479603 A CN109479603 A CN 109479603A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of waterproof place planting tree methods suitable for park plaza tree battle array, kind of a plant hole is excavated or expanded according to plantation positioning before ground pavement, the kind plant hole body shape excavated is up-small and down-big back taper, when kind of plant hole, which passes through impermeable stratum, to connect with lower section permeable area, rough sand layer is laid in the bottom of kind of plant hole, when kind of a plant hole does not penetrate impermeable stratum, metalling is laid in the bottom of kind of plant hole, ground drinking-water pipe is set, the trees with soil ball are sling when plantation, water pipe is protruded into the lower part of tree planting soil layer or lower section is poured water, flow water from bottom to top, muddy is mixed to form with planting soil, release trees make it sink to setting height naturally.The present invention can promote surviving after waterproof region planting of plants, reduce and eliminate the future trouble for needing to change trees after plant, mitigate maintenance difficulties and workload.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waterproof place planting tree methods suitable for park plaza tree battle array, belong to tree planting technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
As people's environment of living significantly improves, various Leisure and Recreation parks are in full flourish, and in park, entrance is wide
Field and the square for exercise and parking lot are meeting landscape effect with rectangle tree formation formula or the symmetrical big specification trees of plant
Reach shading effect while fruit, and it is almost the same to require tree breast-height diameter, hat width and branch point etc., ranks must neat and consistent,
Kind plant hole specification must be consistent.But the reserved tree basin in usually these regions is smaller, and usually using curb as cofferdam, cofferdam
Stone material is respectively provided with outer portion to mat formation, and is laid with the plates of mating formation such as marble slab, is covered in cofferdam by plant shrub, flowers or lawn
Lid.
In view of winter frozen soil is to square frost heave and settlement action when due to road surfacing, basic plain soil is usually taken and rolls
After compacting, re-lays 37 lime earth and roll compacting, then casting concrete bed course, is finally laid with stone material.In entire work progress
In addition to having reserved trees cofferdam exceptionally when casting concrete bed course, remaining whole work progress includes place of planting trees, thus
So that planting-site soil density is significantly increased, entire kind of plant hole soil is in impermeable water state and includes certain thickness Radix Notoginseng
Dirt, the 37 lime earth thickness in some places reaches 60-80 centimetres in practice, and reserved kind of a plant hole most diameter is respectively less than standard
Soil ball, under these conditions, plant trees are difficult to survive, and the difficulty replaced after tree death is very big.
It is well known that trees complete crown transplanting soil ball diameter is not lower than 8 times of tree breast-height diameter, and planting plant hole diameter must be big
It can just take root and survive in 60 centimetres of trees of soil ball diameter, it in addition it must also be ensured that cannot long-term ponding.Northern area is in order to be promoted
Landscape effect designs square tree battle array, often using tree species such as drought-enduring ginkgo afraid of water, Luan Shu, Chinese scholar tree and acer monoes, so that trees
It survives more difficult.
Existing counter-measure is main are as follows:
1) trees are deeplyd prune, and become half hat, and soil ball accordingly reduces, and soil ball surface is higher than 5-10 centimetres of earth's surface when plant；
2) deeply prune accordingly reduced with soil ball under the premise of, kind plant hole bottom is laid with 30 cm thick rubbles, is laid with above rubble
Rubble is isolated with planting soil in geotextiles, then is embedded to hose respectively from quadrangle, and hose lower end extends to rubble bottom, and upper end is higher than
5 centimetres of earth's surface (square trees cofferdam is square).
However, these measures are while obtaining certain effect, there is also some critical defects.Such as:
1) trees are promoted although helping to reduce the requirement to kind of plant hole using the measure for reducing tree crown and soil ball and high plant
It survives, but cannot be guaranteed landscape effect.Since under these measures, root growth is suppressed, and Growth status is slow, not only
Cannot reach in the landscape effect to grow into forest rapidly later, and survive rear slow growth, top main root be completely cured locate it is exposed tight outside
Ghost image rings beauty, and cannot transplant any plant and carry out covered ground；
2) measure of deepling prune is taken, it cannot be guaranteed that landscape effect, equally also inhibits the growth that trees are especially its root system, cause
Growth status is slow；
3) it takes kind of a plant hole bottom to spread rubble and the measure of hose is set, facilitate trees and survive, but must also observe at any time
SEA LEVEL VARIATION, once rainfall greatly or after watering pours water, it is necessary in time be extracted the above ponding of metalling out in time by hose, thus
The workload and difficulty of maintenance are significantly increased, due to being difficult to reach perfect condition in practice, cannot thoroughly eliminate trees because of flood
Dead phenomenon, in addition, coarse hose is exposed also to influence beauty outside.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of waterproof place trees kinds suitable for park plaza tree battle array
Plant method reduces to promote surviving after waterproof region planting of plants and needs to change the future troubles of trees after eliminating plant, mitigate
Maintenance difficulties and workload.
The technical scheme is that a kind of waterproof place planting tree method suitable for park plaza tree battle array, on ground
Kind of a plant hole is excavated according to plantation positioning or expands in face before mating formation, the kind plant hole body shape excavated is up-small and down-big back taper
Shape, when kind of plant hole pass through impermeable stratum connect with lower section permeable area when, kind of plant hole bottom laying rough sand layer, when kind of plant hole not
When penetrating impermeable stratum, it is laid with metalling in the bottom of kind of plant hole, ground drinking-water pipe is set, the lower nozzle position of surface pump pipe is made
In kind of the metalling of plant hole lowest part, upper orifice is higher than the ground surface of kind of plant hole, and when plantation slings the trees with soil ball,
So that soil ball is located at the top of soil ball setting position in kind of plant hole, to kind of plant hole in fill out planting soil to setting height, water pipe is protruded into
The lower part or lower section of tree planting soil layer are poured water, and flow water from bottom to top, are mixed to form muddy with planting soil, release trees make it
Naturally setting height is sunk to, if the no longer natural subsidence before reaching setting height, trees is shaken or is slightly pressed downward trees,
It is moved into setting height, when natural subsidence is to when being lower than setting height, slightly upwardly mentioning makes it move on to setting height or move on to
Slightly above after setting height again natural subsidence to setting height.
Described kind of plant hole body shape is preferably inverted cone (horizontal cross-section is circular taper type), or
Square cone (horizontal cross-section is rectangular taper type) or any other suitable shape.Since the shape of original kind of plant hole is usually
Square column type is trimmed to inverted cone, advantageously reduces workload.
The bottom of described kind of plant hole is preferably in the downwardly convex arc surfaced of infundibulate or middle part, for example, the master of kind plant hole bottom
Body portion can be the conical surface, perhaps be spherical surface or other curve forms.
According to actual needs, the deep cave extended downwardly can be set in the bottom center of described kind of plant hole, so that the depth cave
Bottom extend to lower section pervious bed, when needing that deep cave is arranged can connect with lower section pervious bed, then it is this that no setting is required
Deep cave.
Rough sand can be filled in the depth cave, is connected together with kind of the rough sand of plant hole bottom is laid on, when kind of a plant hole bottom
When equipped with deep cave, when being laid with bottom rough sand, rough sand flows into and is full of deep cave.
When the bottom of described kind of plant hole is laid with metalling, the upper surface of preferably described metalling be laid with for by metalling with
The permeable geotextiles that planting soil layer separates, to avoid planting soil from flowing into metalling in the case where guaranteeing permeable.
When needing to adjust position of the trees in kind of plant hole, such as the adjustment of center, tilt angle etc., preferably exist
Soil ball is adjusted before not being flooded loosely.
It is preferred that setting up secured bracket stable trees after trees are planted in place in kind of plant hole.
It is preferred that carrying out infusion processing after trees are planted in place in kind of plant hole, nutrient solution is inputted.
It is preferred that not suppressed to the soil of kind of plant hole before trees are planted in kind of plant hole and after plantation in place, backfill
Planting soil be not compacted.
Under ambient environment, typically without pouring secondary water even water three times as the prior art after planting tree.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: due to using back taper kind plant hole, due also to being dug before floor board is mated formation
Pick kind plant hole, does not destroy ground pavement, and avoiding influences because excavating kind of plant hole to ground beauty bring, and is not destroying ground
Mat formation and cofferdam in the case where, be effectively guaranteed kind of plant hole with sufficiently large space, avoid because kind of plant hole is too small to tree
It is adversely affected caused by wood；Due to digging saturating impermeable stratum or being provided with drinking-water pipe in kind of plant hole lowest part, it is effectively prevented from
Kind plant hole internal water accumulation；It pours water when due to plantation from kind of a plant hole planting soil bottom, water flows from bottom to top, is conducive to loosely plant
Soil improves permeable, ventilative and capillary water storage and the water absorbing capacity of planting soil, advantageously forms the soil for being adapted to arboreal growth
Air water condition；Due to allowing trees natural subsidence in planting soil mud in place, not suppress soil before soil ball is not flooded pine,
The diastole for facilitating tree root improves permeable, ventilative and capillary water storage and the water absorbing capacity of planting soil, advantageously forms suitable
Should be in the SOIL GAS water bar part of arboreal growth, and guarantee once to irrigate, without pouring secondary or water three times as the prior art, no
It only facilitates operation and water-tight and air-tight surrounding enviroment can be better adapted to；Since kind of a plant hole bottom has been laid with centainly
The rough sand of thickness is conducive to the salt and alkali component for discharging 37 lime earth along kind plant hole edge and directly penetrates into rough sand layer, Jin Ercong
It is discharged in kind plant hole, hence it is evident that salt and alkali component contained by 37 lime earth has been alleviated or avoided to the adverse effect of trees.
According to field experiment, trees are planted in park plaza using method of the invention, survival rate significantly improves, substantially
It is upper similar with survival rate that is being planted under conventional environment, arboreal growth situation and no significant difference under conventional environment after many years.
The present invention is adapted to the planting tree in the various waterproof places such as park plaza tree battle array.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is of the present invention kind of plant hole and plants the organigram of trees in place in kind of plant hole.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the root for the trees 2 planted have soil ball 12, plantation in place after, the top of soil ball substantially with
Ground surface in kind plant hole is concordant or slightly higher.
Periphery at the top of kind plant hole is equipped with cofferdam 11.
The upper surface of the native soil layer 8 in place is equipped with 37 lime earth layer 9 where kind plant hole, is equipped with above 37 lime earth layer
Stone material 10 is filled, mats formation and is equipped with concrete cushion between stone material and 37 lime earth layer.
In general, kind plant hole passes through 37 lime earth layer, the permeable native soil layer with lower section connects, so that in kind plant hole
Water energy enough passes through lower section native soil layer and seeps.
The main part of kind of plant hole is usually in inverted taper, bottom surface 7 in the downwardly convex curved form of infundibulate or middle part simultaneously
It is equipped with rough sand 4, such as river sand, the center of bottom is equipped with the deep cave 6 extended downwardly, is back between soil ball and kind plant hole edge 5
The planting soil 3 filled out.
The present invention has following features:
1) kind plant hole is excavated conical or rectangular inverted funnel shape, makes tree root edge by according to park plaza tree battle array the characteristics of
Obliquely downward growth, creates good conditions for trees normal growth.
2) kind plant hole bottom forms that intermediate low-lying and filling rough sand makes water flow be collected at one after low-lying place excavates dell
It permeates the ground, solves the problems, such as fluid-tight after point.And make strong basicity in 37 lime earth as water flow is directly seeped along rough sand
Enter underground, guarantees that planting soil pH value is stablized.
3) when impermeable stratum can not be beaten, lithotripsy method is added to solve using Water penetrative flexible pipe in due course.
4) planting soil does not take any repressive measures, and using measure is poured from bottom to top, can reach and disposably be filled with enough
The purpose of water guarantees in kind of plant hole not ponding, and can guarantee the permeability of planting soil, this is in the present invention in technical measures
Key.
5) plant trees natural subsidence makes tree root be easier to elongation growth to plant height, and soil permeability is stronger.
6) after being disposably watered with water, cancel other irrigation times, reduce unnecessary waste, while guaranteeing that soil is penetrating
Property, prevent trees rotten dead phenomenon and occurs.
7) in time and be continuously injected into the phenomenon that nutrient solution prevents stripping from top to bottom generation, make trees normal growth.
Specific construction mode of the invention or construction point are as follows:
Before the stone material for carrying out place is mated formation, detailed measurements transplant trees exact position again, set after fixed point according to predetermined plant
The wooden soil ball specification determines kind of plant hole size, if reserved kind plant hole is less than soil ball, should expand kind of a plant hole in time.In view of tree soil
Ball is circle, and reserving kind of a plant hole is square, so kind of a plant hole can be modified as circle according to the actual situation when necessary；
Make kind of a plant hole cone when excavating kind plant hole, i.e., base opening is big, and suitable for reading small, maximum angle can be 45 degree of angles.If pre-
The kind plant hole stayed is greater than soil ball standard, concrete cushion is not destroyed when excavating kind plant hole, as long as digging downwards along concrete cushion
Plant pit squarely inverted funnel shape is excavated in pick, and equally, maximum angle is 45 degree；
Excavating depth is to penetrate 37 lime earth thickness, until beating impermeable stratum and kind plant hole suitable size.If excavated
Depth, which is more than 150 centimetres, cannot still beat impermeable stratum, plant the bottom of plant hole
Funneling should be excavated, i.e., periphery is high, intermediate low profile, and the gradient can be greater than 100%, and continue at intermediate position
The dell for digging 20-30 centimetres of diameter, until excavation until normal pervious soil；
After the completion of kind plant hole excavates, it is clean that soil complete liquidation will be dug out.Kind 20 centimetres of rough sand of plant hole bottom laying depth, if
Dell is arranged at kind plant hole bottom, then repaves 20 cm thick rough sand after filling up dell using rough sand；
Rough sand above section all backfills planting soil；
If meeting special circumstances, all soil are impermeable stratum, then should be straight by one under the premise of dell is dug in kind of plant hole bottom
Base opening is placed at kind of plant hole minimum point by 15 centimetres of Water penetrative flexible pipes of diameter as drinking-water pipe, is then laid with 30 cm thick rubbles, broken
The geotextiles for being laid with one layer every square metre 100 grams above stone are isolated with planting soil, and Water penetrative flexible pipe is oblique by vertical after metalling
One jiao of rectangular kind of plant hole is extended upwardly to, top is higher than 3-5 centimetres of earth's surface；
Crane vertical lifting should be usually used when planting of plants.Due to consideration that above-mentioned reason, plantation earthen backfill is not taken any
Compacting measure, and transplanting fixed point must be accurate, and soil ball height is typically higher than predetermined 20 centimetres of plant height；
Secured bracket stable trees must be set up after plant immediately.Water pipe should be inserted into kind of a plant hole bottom when watering, make moisture
It is upper from the bottom to top general, while bracket is loosened, so that trees is settled down to predetermined altitude with soil natural.If trees are still higher than predetermined
Highly, trees should be shaked gently while sprinkling profoundly water, trees will sink.It should be understood that when it is waterborne it is general to earth's surface when,
All planting soils are in slurry condition, and dry inside soil ball at this time, being equivalent to ball can at will adjust in mud.If
Delay time at stop will no longer allow to adjust after soil ball is impregnated with by moisture；
It is impermeable stratum in view of (cofferdam containing curb) other than limited cofferdam, soil moisture is difficult to distribute outward, so, depolarization
Outside special circumstances, only pour when need to transplant it is primary permeable, without pouring second and third time water according to conventional；
For trees by links such as lifting transports, tree body loses large quantity of moisture, and especially complete crown plant is easiest to cause top dehydration
Withered, so should carry out infusion processing immediately after planting of plants, tree body moisture and nutrition can be replenished in time by inputting nutrient solution in time
Loss, especially long-distance transport and soil ball trees not up to standard.Due to the forfeiture of moisture, a most fast hour is after initial fluid
One bag of nutrient solution can be absorbed, must have been inputted in time at this time.As time goes by, tree body absorbs the speed of nutrient solution increasingly
Slowly, until stopping absorbing.
Operation of the present invention is simple, economical and practical, compared with other normal planting systems, pays more people in addition to excavating kind of a plant hole
Outside expenses of labour, remaining is substantially less than normal Planting management expense.
The present invention excavates conical or square inverted funnel shape according to different situations, by kind plant hole, not only solves soil ball
Big problem, and suitable for reading small tree root oblique to extend to depth of soils, increase since kind of plant hole bottom is big
Arboreal growth space achievees the effect that " big tree with deep roots is well established and vigorously developing ", while not destroying the stability for engineering foundation of mating formation.
It is low between kind plant hole bottom periphery senior middle school, and dig pit in minimum point so that bulk water assembles infiltration from bottom to minimum point
Underground not only solves impermeable water problems, guarantees trees normal growth, and since osmosis is isolated in bottom sand bed, so that
Surrounding 37 lime earth leach strong basicity moisture flow directly into sand bed along kind of a plant hole outer wall after permeate the ground, avoid planting soil because
The excessively high influence arboreal growth of pH value.Bottom sands because sand bed internal pore is larger, moreover it is possible to it is excessive caused by trees to alleviate moisture
Harm.
Special circumstances are met when cannot beat impermeable stratum, bottom is laid with rubble, and with geotextiles by rubble and planting soil every
From being laid with a Water penetrative flexible pipe, can effectively solve rotten problem of ponding.When disposably pouring water saturates whole soil, whole kinds
Planting soil is muddy, after soil ball is all impregnated with, is extracted out superfluous water by Water penetrative flexible pipe, when moisture floods rubble again again
Secondary extraction excessive moisture, until bulk water is always held at geotextiles or less position in kind plant hole.Although the method increase is drawn water
Program, but can guarantee that trees will not be rotten, ponding.Simultaneously because the larger life of enough depth of soil and periphery in kind plant hole
Long spacing can guarantee trees robust growth.
It is disposably filled with enough water bottom-up, not only removes the having peace of mind bring trouble when banketing from, but also disposably irrigate,
Remove from and watering again, more importantly: after soil natural sedimentation, soil porosity is increased, and permeability is strong, is conducive to tree root
System's breathing and growth fundamentally prevent tree root because of bad root phenomenon caused by unsmooth breath.Simultaneously as soil permeability
Good, aerophile bacterium can decompose the organic matter in soil, so that it is converted to the fertilizer of supply arboreal growth, promote arboreal growth
It is more healthy and stronger.
The moisture that evaporates of tree body during lifting transport can be replenished in time by inputting nutrient solution after planting of plants immediately, prevent because
Top dehydration cause from top to bottom tree body dry up phenomenon, simultaneously because tree root growth needs a large amount of nutritional supports, institute
Tree body moisture can not only be supplemented to input nutrient solution, and trees can be promoted to be completely cured and generate new root system in time, to guarantee
Trees survive.
It is non-because of other reasons the present invention is directed to disposably solve the problems, such as rotten of square trees ponding, it can guarantee predetermined scape
See the survival rate of effect and 100%.
Waterproof place alleged by the present invention refers to comprising the place on kind of plant hole or the influential impermeable stratum of arboreal growth.
It is disclosed by the invention it is each preferably with optional technological means, unless otherwise indicated and one preferably or can selecting technology hand
Section is that further limiting for another technological means is outer, can form several different technical solutions in any combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of waterproof place planting tree method suitable for park plaza tree battle array is dug before ground pavement according to plantation positioning
Pick expands kind of a plant hole, and the kind plant hole body shape excavated is up-small and down-big back taper, when kind of plant hole passes through impermeable stratum
When connecting with lower section permeable area, it is laid with rough sand layer in the bottom of kind of plant hole, when kind of a plant hole does not penetrate impermeable stratum, in kind of a plant hole
Bottom be laid with metalling, ground drinking-water pipe is set, the lower nozzle of surface pump pipe is made to be located at the metalling of kind of plant hole lowest part
In, upper orifice is higher than the ground surface of kind of plant hole, and when plantation slings the trees with soil ball, and soil ball is made to be located at soil ball in kind of plant hole
The top of setting position, to kind of plant hole in fill out planting soil to setting height, water pipe is protruded into the lower part or lower section of tree planting soil layer
It pours water, flows water from bottom to top, be mixed to form muddy with planting soil, release trees make it sink to setting height naturally, such as
Fruit no longer natural subsidence before reaching setting height shakes trees or is slightly pressed downward trees, is moved into setting height, when
When natural subsidence is to lower than setting height, slightly upwardly mentioning makes it move on to setting height or move on to natural again after slightly above setting height
It is deposited to setting height.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described kind of plant hole body shape is inverted cone or side's cone
Shape.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of described kind of plant hole is downwardly convex in infundibulate or middle part
Arc surfaced.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the bottom center of described kind of plant hole is provided with or without downwards
The deep cave of extension, the bottom in the depth cave extend to lower section pervious bed, fill rough sand in the depth cave.
5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that when the bottom of described kind of plant hole is laid with metalling, the rubble
The upper surface of layer is covered with the permeable geotextiles for separating metalling and planting soil layer.
6. method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that when needing to adjust position of the trees in kind of plant hole,
It is adjusted before soil ball is not flooded loosely.
7. method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that after trees are planted in place in kind of plant hole, that is, set up jail
Gu bracket stable trees.
8. method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that after trees are planted in place in kind of plant hole, that is, carry out defeated
Liquid processing, inputs nutrient solution.
9. method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that before trees are planted in kind of plant hole and after plantation in place,
The soil of kind of plant hole is not suppressed, the planting soil of backfill is not compacted.
10. method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that under ambient environment, do not poured after planting tree
Secondary water.
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| CN110495279A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-26 | 广州市绿化公司 | A kind of afforestation vegetation implantation methods and soil layer construction |
| CN111466274A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-31 | 创景园林建设有限公司 | Greening tree transplanting structure and transplanting method |
| CN115142308A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-04 | 扬州市建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Greening rooting rejuvenation expansion type road structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN110495279A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-26 | 广州市绿化公司 | A kind of afforestation vegetation implantation methods and soil layer construction |
| CN111466274A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-31 | 创景园林建设有限公司 | Greening tree transplanting structure and transplanting method |
| CN115142308A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-04 | 扬州市建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Greening rooting rejuvenation expansion type road structure and construction method thereof |
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