CN110199749A - The construction method of growing thickly treescape - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a clustered tree landscape. The specific steps include: terrain survey and design, selection of applicable trees, preparation and planting of planting holes for different planting positions, and arrangement of drainage, ventilation and support facilities for different planting positions , implementation of conservation measures. The present invention adopts modes such as deep excavation and deep planting, depression overhead, slope filling, etc., and uses materials such as stones, wooden plank roads, and protective structures such as drainage pipes and ventilation grooves to rapidly, efficiently, economically and permanently transform conventional trees into clusters on the ground The tree landscape can solve the current problems of long cultivation period and high cost of clustered seedlings, and has good application value.

Description

Construction method of clustered tree landscape

technical field

The technology belongs to the field of landscaping, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a clustered tree landscape.

Background technique

Cluster trees refer to trees whose trunks are branched before or when they are unearthed, starting from the ground and growing around a solid center or a virtual center. The essential feature of bushy trees is that the primary branch point is low, generally below the ground. Compared with single-stem seedlings, clustered trees can produce a sense of thick and round, natural and quiet, and can make the garden landscape more natural, with richer plant types and more diverse changes. In the development status and trend of natural, diversified and high-quality plant landscapes Under the circumstances, the unique and refreshing cluster trees have become popular varieties in the field of landscaping in recent years, with high value, beautiful landscape and good application prospects. Cultivating high-quality and characteristic clumping seedling products and constructing a natural and rich clumping tree landscape will be an important breakthrough in the field of garden seedlings and landscape construction under the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the garden industry.

Clumping seedlings generally adopt the form of self-cultivation and multi-plant seedling planting. Generally, there are problems such as long cultivation time, poor landscape coordination of joint planting, large difference in later growth, and high cost of seedlings, which seriously affect market application.

The present invention intends to use conventional tree resources, through new planting patterns and supporting technologies, to realize the clustering of seedlings on the ground and the long-term stability of tree growth; this technology can reduce the problems of seedling cultivation cycle, poor landscape, high cost, etc. The nursery stock market and the construction of clustered garden landscapes bring new ideas and open up new markets.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method of clustered tree landscape. The core is to reduce the display position of tree branch points and raise the relative position of people's activity surface. Materials such as stones and wooden planks, as well as protective structures such as drainage pipes and ventilation grooves, can quickly, efficiently, economically and permanently transform conventional trees into overgrown tree landscapes on the ground.

The above of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A method for constructing a clustered tree landscape, comprising:

(1) Topographic survey and design;

(2) Applicable tree selection;

(3) Carry out planting hole preparation and planting according to different planting positions;

(4) Arrange drainage, ventilation and support facilities for different planting locations;

(5) Implementation of conservation measures.

Among them, step (1) needs to check the terrain conditions of the planting location, grasp the different site types such as flat land, slope top, slope middle, depression, landfill, etc., and choose a place facing the wind and facing the sun, which is easy to drain and ventilate as the planting location.

Step (2) The selected tree requires that the first branch point has 2 or more main branches, the branch point is below 2m, the branch is thick, and the tree shape is tall.

Step (3) is aimed at the different topographical conditions in step (1), carries out the planting hole preparation and planting of different modes;

Further, if the planting location is flat land, slope top, or poorly drained depression, one of the methods of circular, square, and inverted conical is used to excavate the tree hole; the excavation depth is related to the first branch point of the planted seedlings to the soil The length of the bottom of the ball is equal or slightly deeper than 5-10cm, and the diameter of the excavation at the bottom of the tree hole is 10-20cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball or the main body of the bare root seedling; The location of the soil marks, so that the branch point is at the surface or slightly lower than the height of the surface;

Further, the planting position is in the middle of the slope. Using the terrain of the slope, first excavate a space whose upper boundary is vertical or obliquely upward and whose lower boundary is obliquely downward, and excavate a tree hole at the bottom of the space. The bottom of the tree hole reaches the slope The surface height is equal to or slightly greater than the distance from the branch point of the tree to the bottom of the soil ball, and the diameter of the tree hole excavated is 10-20cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball or the diameter of the bare root seedling body; Fill the space with stones until the height of the original ground, and ensure that the branch point is at or slightly below the surface; the diameter of the filled stones is 2-5cm;

Further, if the planting location is a narrow depression with good drainage, excavate and plant a tree hole at the bottom of the depression. The diameter of the tree hole is 10-20cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball, and the depth is 5-10cm larger than the height of the soil ball. Plant according to the normal seedling planting method ; After planting, use one of the methods of erecting surface wooden plank roads, viewing platforms, or stacking stones around the trunk; the height of wooden plank roads and viewing platforms reaches the position of tree branch points; Accumulated mulch of tree trunks and leveling of the ground;

Further, if the planting location is a landfill area, the excavation depth of the planted tree hole shall be determined according to the final terrain height and the height of the trunk branch point, so as to ensure that the tree branch point is at the surface position of the final landfill height; Trees are planted, and the trunks under the tree branch points are protected by filling stones or building walls, filling soil around the protection body, and designing and laying out drainage and ventilation facilities.

Step (4) according to the different terrain conditions in step (1), adopt different methods to build drainage, ventilation, and support functional facilities;

Further, for those located on flat ground, slope tops, poorly drained depressions, and landfills, excavate and arrange drainage pipes at the bottom of the planting hole, and connect them to an external drainage system to prevent water accumulation and excessive tide at the roots; the depth of the drainage pipes is slightly lower 5-10cm in the backfill position of the tree hole; it is preferably arranged at the bottom of the radial or arc-shaped air-permeable groove;

Further, for those located on flat ground, slope tops, poorly drained depressions, and landfills, one or both of radial and arc-shaped ventilation grooves are arranged within the projected area of planted trees. Among them, the depth of the ventilation groove is equal to the height of the branch point of the tree or slightly deeper than 5-20cm, and the width is 10-20cm; the radial ventilation groove is 2-8, and the arc ventilation groove is 1-6 rings; the ventilation groove is filled with grains One of crushed stones and pebbles with a uniform diameter, 2-5cm in diameter;

Further, for those located on flat ground, slope tops, poorly drained depressions, and landfills, measures to reinforce the side walls of tree holes are taken according to the stability of the soil, and can be supported by piles, brick walls on the side walls, and stone filling. kind of protection;

Further, for those located on flat ground, slope tops, poorly drained depressions, and landfills, cover the branch points of trees on the surface of the planting hole with holes and breathable tree pools, and try to be as flush with the ground as possible; Depending on the situation, the central aperture of the cover plate is larger than the diameter of the tree, leaving space for the future growth of the tree; a cofferdam is built around the tree hole to prevent excessive rainwater from pouring into the tree hole and causing water accumulation;

Furthermore, for trees planted in slopes with well-drained narrow depressions, the pores filled with gravel and the sloped terrain can be used to achieve drainage and ventilation without the need for additional drainage and ventilation functions.

The maintenance measures described in step (5) are mainly tree pruning, drainage of tree holes, and one of the methods of watering and spraying with liquid medicine is used to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk, so as to keep the trees healthy.

Effective effects of the present invention include:

1. The present invention starts from the perspective of clustered tree landscape construction, solves the problems of slow cultivation of clustered seedlings and poor landscape degree of combined cultivation of seedlings, increases the source channels of clustered landscape seedlings, reduces the cost of nursery stock, and has better economic value;

2. This technology can play the role of thermal insulation measures such as wrapping grass ropes on the trunk, and can actively protect some trees that are vulnerable to winter frost damage, and promote plant survival;

3. The present invention pays attention to the problems of water accumulation in tree holes and root respiration of trees after deep planting and deep burial. According to the different topography of the planting position, different drainage and ventilation structures are arranged to realize the long-term stability of seedling growth and reduce the pipe pressure in the later stage. protection difficulty.

4. The present invention promotes root respiration by laying radial and arc-shaped ventilation grooves to ensure the normal growth of trees; at the same time, the ventilation grooves are filled with gravel and pebbles, which can independently form a decorative stone landscape in the green space.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment under topographical conditions such as flat land, slope top, and poorly drained depressions;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the embodiment under terrain conditions such as flat land, slope top, poor drainage depression;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment under topographical conditions such as flat land, slope top, and poorly drained depressions;

Fig. 4 is a top view of another embodiment under topographical conditions such as flat land, slope top, and poorly drained depressions;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the position in the middle of the slope;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment under the condition of a well-drained narrow depression;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment under the condition of a well-drained narrow depression;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a landfill area;

Fig. 9 is a top view of an embodiment of a landfill area.

In the figure: 1- tree hole backfill; 2- drainage pipe; 3- radial ventilation groove; 4- original surface; 5- tree pool cover; 6- trees; 7- original soil; 8- circular vertical protection structure ;9-arc-shaped ventilation groove; 10-slope protective structure; 11-lower excavation interface; 12-slope stone; 13-upper excavation interface; 14-wooden plank road, platform; New surface; 17-landfill soil; 18-square vertical protective structure.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and characteristics of the present invention will become clearer along with the description. However, these embodiments are only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the following steps:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in a flat area that is convenient for drainage and ventilation (see Figure 1, Figure 2).

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Select the elm 6 with two main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 1.8m, the diameter at breast height is 15cm, and the height is about 15m; the diameter of the soil ball is 1.2m, and the height is 80cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. On the original soil 7, a circular hole is used to excavate the tree hole; the excavation depth is 2.7m, and the diameter is 1.3m; the trees are planted in the dug planting hole, and the tree hole is backfilled with soil 1 to the original soil mark position in layers. Make the branch point of the tree at the height position of table 4 in situ.

Step 4: Lay out drainage, ventilation and support facilities. Excavate and lay drainage pipes 2 at the bottom of the planting hole, and the drainage pipes 2 are laid to the bottom of the radial ventilation groove 3 with a depth of 1.85m; the radial ventilation groove 3 is arranged in the projected area of the planted trees, and the radial ventilation groove 3 is 2m deep , 20cm wide, 4 pairs of symmetrical, filled with crushed stones with a diameter of 2cm; build a circular vertical protective structure 8 by laying bricks on the side wall; cover the branch points with holes, Breathable tree pool cover plate 5, the central aperture of the cover plate is greater than the diameter of the tree, and leaves space for the future growth of the tree; a cofferdam is formed on the periphery of the tree hole to prevent excessive rainwater from pouring into the tree hole and causing stagnant water.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of spraying medicine to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Embodiment 2: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the steps are as follows:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in the slope top area that is convenient for drainage and ventilation (see Figure 3, Figure 4).

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Choose willow 6 with two main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 0.5m, the diameter at breast height is 12cm, and the height is about 10m; the diameter of the soil ball is 1.0m, and the height is 60cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. On the original soil 7, the tree hole is excavated in an inverted conical shape; the excavation depth is 1.2m, and the diameter of the lower part is 1.2m; the trees are planted in the dug planting hole, and the tree hole is backfilled with soil 1 to the original soil trace in layers. position, so that the branch point of the tree is at the height of 4 on the original ground.

Step 4: Lay out drainage, ventilation and support facilities. Excavate and arrange drainage pipe 2 at the bottom of the planting hole, the drainage pipe 2 is laid to the bottom of the arc-shaped ventilation groove 9, the depth is 0.55m; the arc-shaped ventilation groove 9 is arranged in the projected area of the tree, and the depth of the arc-shaped ventilation groove 9 is 0.55m , 10cm wide, two symmetrical sections of arc, filled with crushed stones with a diameter of 5cm inside; build the slope protection structure 10 by laying bricks on the side wall; cover the branch points of the planting hole with holes and ventilate Tree pool cover plate 5, the central aperture of the cover plate is greater than the diameter of the tree, and leaves space for the future growth of the tree; cofferdams are built around the tree hole to prevent excessive rainwater from pouring into the tree hole and causing stagnant water.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of spraying medicine to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Embodiment 3: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the following steps:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in the middle of the slope facing the wind and facing the sun, which is convenient for drainage and ventilation (see Figure 5).

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Choose the peach tree 6 with 2 main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 0.6m, the diameter at breast height is 8cm, and the height is about 5m; the diameter of the soil ball is 0.6m, and the height is 40cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. Utilizing the slope topography, excavate the space where the upper excavation interface 13 is obliquely upward and the lower excavation interface 11 is obliquely downward in the original soil 7, and excavate a space with an oblique depth of 1.1m and a diameter of 0.7m at the bottom of the space. Tree hole: Trees are planted in the planting hole dug, layered, solid tree hole backfill soil 1 to the original soil mark position, fill the slope surface stone 12 with a diameter of 4cm to the original ground surface 4 in the excavation space.

Step 4: Use the pores filled with gravel and the inclined terrain to achieve drainage and ventilation, without additional ventilation and drainage technical measures.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of potion watering to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Embodiment 4: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the following steps:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in a narrow depression facing the wind and facing the sun with good drainage (see Figure 6).

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Choose the white birch tree 6 with 3 main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 1.2m, the diameter at breast height is 13cm, and the height is about 12m; the diameter of the soil ball is 1.0m, and the height is 70cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. Excavate a planting hole with a depth of 0.8m and a diameter of 1.1m on the original soil 7 at the bottom of a well-drained depression; plant the trees in the dug planting hole, and backfill the tree hole with soil 1 to the original soil mark in layers; after planting, rely on Wooden plank roads and platforms 14 are erected on both sides of the narrow depression, and the height is at the position of the branch point of the trees.

Step 4: Use the pores filled with gravel and the inclined terrain to achieve drainage and ventilation, without additional ventilation and drainage technical measures.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of potion watering to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Embodiment 5: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the following steps:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in a narrow depression facing the wind and facing the sun with good drainage (see Figure 7).

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Choose the paulownia tree 6 with 4 main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 2m, the diameter at breast height is 18cm, and the height is about 18m; the diameter of the soil ball is 1.4m, and the height is 100cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. Excavate a planting hole with a depth of 1.1m and a diameter of 1.5m on the original soil 7 at the bottom of the well-drained depression; plant trees into the dug planting hole, and backfill the tree hole with soil 1 to the original soil mark in layers. After planting, in the swale, the swale stones 15 with a diameter of 3cm are stacked around the trunk to realize the accumulation and coverage of the trunk of the tree under the branch point, and level the ground surface;

Step 4: Use the pores filled with gravel and the inclined terrain to achieve drainage and ventilation, without additional ventilation and drainage technical measures.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of spraying medicine to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Embodiment 6: A construction method of clustered tree landscape, the steps are as follows:

Step 1: Topographic survey and design. Choose to plant in the landfill area (see Figure 8, Figure 9), survey and design landfill height and required seedling specifications.

Step 2: Applicable tree selection. Choose Bitao 6 with 2 main branches at the first branch point, the height of the first branch point is 0.6m, the diameter at breast height is 8cm, and the height is about 5m; the diameter of the soil ball is 0.6m, and the height is 40cm.

Step 3: Planting hole preparation and planting. On the original soil 7, adopt a square to excavate the tree hole; the excavation depth is 50cm, and the diameter is 0.7m; the tree is planted in the dug planting hole, and the layered and solid tree hole is backfilled with soil 1 to the original soil trace; Soil 17 is in the process to design height (for reaching tree branch point height in the present embodiment), lays out supporting protection, drainage, breathable measures simultaneously;

Step 4: Lay out drainage, ventilation and support facilities. The square vertical protection structure 18 is constructed by laying bricks on the side wall; the excavation and laying of the drainage pipe 2 in the original soil 7 before the planting position is filled, and the drainage pipe 2 is laid to the bottom of the radial ventilation groove 3, and the depth is 0.05m; During the landfilling process, 3 radial ventilation grooves 3 and 1 arc-shaped ventilation groove 9 are arranged in the projected area of the planted trees, the depth is 0.6m below the new surface 16, the width is 15cm, and the internal filling diameter is 5cm gravel; The branch points on the surface of the hole are covered with a perforated, breathable tree pool cover plate 5. The central aperture of the cover plate is greater than the diameter of the tree, and leaves space for the future growth of the tree; Caves cause waterlogging.

Step 5: Implementation of conservation measures. Carry out tree pruning, tree hole drainage, and adopt the method of spraying medicine to eliminate bacteria and pests in the trunk and keep the tree healthy.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape, which comprises the following steps:

(1) landform is reconnoitred and is designed；

(2) it is applicable in trees selection；

(3) planting hole preparation and plant are carried out for different plant positions；

(4) draining, ventilative, supporting facility are laid for different plant positions；

(5) maintenance measure is implemented.

2. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step 1) Landform reconnoitre and design include: grasp level land, top of the slope, in slope, depression, different sites type, the selection such as landfill face south windward, Place convenient for draining, breathing freely is used as plant position.

3. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the selected tree of step 2) Wood requires the first branching-point to have 2 and 2 or more main branches, branching-point thick, tree-like tall and big in 2m or less, branch.

4. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) is for cultivation Plant position is level land, top of the slope, impeded drainage depression, carries out plant pit using one of round, rectangular, inverted conical shape mode and opens It digs；To the equal length or slightly depth 5-10cm of soil ball bottom end, plant pit bottom is opened for cutting depth and transplanted the first branching-point of nursery stock Diameter is dug compared with soil ball diameter or the big 10-20cm of bare-root seeding main diameter；By planting of plants to having dug in planting hole, layering bury soil, Original soil trace position is arrived in having peace of mind, makes branching-point at landscape position or slightly below ground level position.

5. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) is for cultivation Planting position is in slope, using slope surface landform, first excavate coboundary be it is vertical or obliquely, lower boundary be space obliquely, And plant pit is excavated in space bottom, plant pit bottom to ramped surfaces height is equal or slightly larger than trees branching-point to soil ball bottom Distance, plant pit digging diameter are 10-20cm bigger than soil ball diameter or bare-root seeding main diameter；Trees are layered steady and sure cultivation in kind of plant hole After plant, filling stone waits until original ground height in excavating space, and ensures that branching-point is high in landscape position or slightly below earth's surface Spend position；The diameter for filling stone is 2-5cm.

6. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) is for cultivation Planting position is to drain good narrow depression, excavates plant plant pit in depression bottom, plant pit diameter is 10- bigger than soil ball diameter 20cm, depth is 5-10cm bigger than soil ball height, is transplanted according to normal nursery stock planting system；It is wooden using earth's surface is set up after plant Plank road, sightseeing platform are handled around one of trunk heap masonry block mode；Wooden footway, sightseeing platform height reach Trees branching-point position；Heap masonry block realizes that the accumulation to trees trunk under branching-point covers, and flattens earth's surface.

7. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) is for cultivation Planting position is landfill, according to final Terrain Elevation and trunk branch point height, determines plant plant pit cutting depth, it is ensured that tree Landscape position of the wooden branching-point in finally landfill height；It is earlier before landform arranges backfill to carry out planting of plants, and to trees the Trunk is protected using filling stone or the mode of building a wall under one branching-point, in protective periphery filling soil and is designed, is laid Draining, ventilative facility.

8. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4) is to being located at Level land, top of the slope, impeded drainage depression, landfill excavate in planting hole bottom, lay drainage pipeline, and access externally drained System, drainage pipeline depth are slightly below plant pit backfill position 5-10cm；It is saturating that radial pattern, arc are laid in trees projected area One or both of air drain, ventilative groove depth is equal with trees branch point height or slightly depth 5-20cm, width 10-20cm, Radial pattern ventilating groove is 2-8 item, arc ventilating groove is 1-6 ring, and one in rubble, cobble of uniform particle diameter etc. is filled in ventilating groove Kind, diameter 2-5cm；Plant pit side wall reinforcement measure is taken according to soil quality stabilizing implementations, can be built by piling supporting, side wall One of brick wall, filling stone are protected；With holes, ventilative and ground is covered at planting hole earth's surface trees branching-point position The tree pond cover board flushed, cover plate central aperture are greater than tree diameters, grow slot milling for trees future；It is impaled outside plant pit Weir prevents excessive rainwater from pouring into plant pit and causes ponding.

9. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4) is for planting The trees in good narrow depression are implanted in slope, are drained, realizes and drains, thoroughly using the hole and inclination landform of filling rubble Gas, without separately setting draining, airing function structure.

10. a kind of construction method of growing thickly treescape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5) is described Maintenance measure is mainly tree trimming, plant pit draining, and is poured using liquid medicine, one of sprays the bacterium for eliminating trunk, evil Worm keeps Health of Tree.