CN111248020A - Tree planting method for special-shaped tree pits - Google Patents
Tree planting method for special-shaped tree pits Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248020A CN111248020A CN201911421885.1A CN201911421885A CN111248020A CN 111248020 A CN111248020 A CN 111248020A CN 201911421885 A CN201911421885 A CN 201911421885A CN 111248020 A CN111248020 A CN 111248020A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
A tree planting method of a special-shaped tree pit comprises the following steps of S1, constructing the special-shaped tree pit; s2, planting trees into the special-shaped root control containers matched with the special-shaped tree holes, and filling configured soil in the special-shaped root control containers; s3, placing the special-shaped root control container into the special-shaped tree hole; and S4, backfilling common soil in the gap between the special-shaped root control container and the special-shaped tree pit, and tamping. The tree planting method for the special-shaped tree pit can effectively save soil, promote the directional growth of a plant root system and conveniently and quickly construct the special-shaped tree pit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tree planting, in particular to a tree planting method of special-shaped tree pits.
Background
The plant holes are the foundation of the tree roots, have important influence on the growth of the tree like the foundation of a building, seriously influence the growth vigor of the plants, and the scientific and reasonable structure of the plant holes can effectively provide the survival rate of the plants and promote the absorption of root system nutrients. At present, large trees planted in cities often need to be subjected to pit soil replacement treatment by using prepared soil due to poor conditions of land establishment, and therefore the structure of pits can influence the using amount of the prepared soil. The geometric shape of the tree pit plays an important role in guiding the growth direction and range of the plant root system. Because the growth direction and the distribution density of the plant root system influence the mechanical property of the root system, the plant pit can purposefully promote the growth direction and the range of the plant root system by artificially designing the geometric shape of the plant pit besides meeting the basic ecological attribute requirements of the plant, and the wind resistance and the root fixing performance of the large-scale arbor are improved.
Chinese patent CN108781961A "a method for planting nursery stock in pit pool" discloses the structure of planting pit in the process of planting nursery stock, but mainly solves the problem of airtight root. Chinese patent CN110226430A "A street tree planting hole structure and construction method" is to put planting soil balls wrapped by water permeable geotextile bags into planting holes to effectively store water and achieve the effect of promoting the growth of seedling root systems, but the two methods can not save soil and realize the directional root promotion of seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tree planting method for special-shaped tree holes, which can effectively save soil consumption, promote the directional growth of plant roots and conveniently and quickly construct the special-shaped tree holes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tree planting method of a special-shaped tree pit comprises the following steps,
s1, constructing a special-shaped tree pit;
s2, planting trees into the special-shaped root control containers matched with the special-shaped tree holes, and filling configured soil in the special-shaped root control containers;
s3, placing the special-shaped root control container into the special-shaped tree hole;
and S4, backfilling common soil in the gap between the special-shaped root control container and the special-shaped tree pit, and tamping.
Preferably, the device for constructing the special-shaped tree pit comprises a portal frame and a special-shaped die, wherein a pile driving device capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the portal frame, the special-shaped die is arranged below the pile driving device, and the special-shaped die is a special-shaped cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end; the side wall of the special-shaped mould is provided with an air hole, and the air hole is connected with an air compression device through an air guide hose; the door-shaped frame is also provided with a special-shaped mould lifting device, the lifting device lifts the special-shaped mould through a rope and a hook, and the upper part of the special-shaped mould is provided with a hanging ring matched with the hook.
Preferably, the piling device comprises a piling main body, the piling main body slides up and down in the guide rail, a motor for driving the piling main body to move is arranged at the upper end of the piling main body, a piling hammer is arranged at the lower end of the piling main body, and a first cushion pad is arranged at the lower end of the piling hammer.
Preferably, a partition plate is arranged at the upper part in the special-shaped mold, the middle part of the partition plate is of a net structure, and the partition plate divides the inner space of the special-shaped mold into an air cavity and a soil cavity; the air hole is formed in the side wall of the air cavity.
Preferably, the side wall of the air cavity is also provided with a water inlet, and a sealing cover is connected to the water inlet through a thread
Preferably, a second cushion pad is placed at the upper end of the special-shaped die, and a stop block used for limiting the second cushion pad is arranged at the edge of the upper end of the special-shaped die.
Preferably, the step of constructing the special-shaped tree pit comprises the following steps,
s11, driving the special-shaped mould into soil by using a piling device until the partition plate is in contact with the ground level;
s12, starting an air compression device to generate negative pressure in the special-shaped mould, so that the soil is adsorbed in the special-shaped mould;
and S13, connecting the hook of the lifting device to the hanging ring, starting the lifting device, and pulling the special-shaped mold out of the soil to form the special-shaped tree pit.
And S14, when the special-shaped mold is in a suspended state, moving the door-shaped frame to a position outside the special-shaped tree hole, starting the air compression device to inflate the special-shaped mold to form positive pressure, and discharging the soil.
Preferably, in step S11, before the air compressing device 4 is started, water is injected into the special-shaped mold 2 through the water inlet 17, and then the sealing cover 18 is closed and left standing for 20 minutes.
Preferably, the special-shaped root control container comprises a special-shaped root control container body, the root control container body is made of degradable materials, the lower end of the root control container body is closed, and the upper end of the root control container body is open.
Preferably, the outer side surface of the root control container body is provided with a plurality of funnel-shaped bulges, two ends of each funnel-shaped bulge are provided with openings, and the large opening end is connected with the root control container body and is communicated with the inside of the root control container body.
The invention provides a tree planting method of special-shaped tree pits, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a construction method of a special-shaped tree pit capable of saving soil, which is characterized in that the soil consumption is saved, the quantity relationship between the minimum soil consumption and the maximum growth range of roots is explored by researching five tree pits with different geometric shapes, and the soil consumption in the plant planting and pit changing process is greatly saved.
2. The survival rate is improved, and compared with the traditional planting holes, the special-shaped planting holes can directionally promote the growth of roots, promote the absorption of nutrients and water of the roots, improve the survival rate of plants and improve the wind resistance and root fixation performance of the plants.
3. The construction cost is reduced, the dosage of nutrient soil and other soil can be accurately controlled by the special planting holes, waste is avoided, mechanical batch planting can be realized by the fixed special planting holes, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped pit constructing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the gate form of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the separator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention after being driven into soil;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention after being taken out;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a root control container according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a funnel-shaped protrusion according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention in a triangular shape;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a triangular structure of a root control container body according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention in a four-pointed star shape;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a structure of a root control container body of the present invention in a quadrangle star shape;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention in a pentagram shape;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a root control container body of the present invention in the shape of a five-pointed star;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention in a hexagonal star shape;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a root control container according to the present invention, the container body having a hexagonal star shape;
FIG. 16 is a structural schematic view of the special-shaped mold of the present invention in a shape of Chinese character 'mi';
FIG. 17 is a structural schematic view of the root control container body of the present invention in a shape of Chinese character mi;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the root control container of the present invention after being placed in a special-shaped tree well.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a tree planting method for special-shaped tree pits comprises the following steps,
s1, constructing a special-shaped tree pit;
s2, planting trees into the special-shaped root control containers matched with the special-shaped tree holes, and filling configured soil in the special-shaped root control containers;
s3, placing the special-shaped root control container into the special-shaped tree hole;
and S4, backfilling common soil in the gap between the special-shaped root control container and the special-shaped tree pit, and tamping.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1-2, the device for constructing the special-shaped tree pit comprises a door-shaped frame 1 and a special-shaped mold 2, a pile driving device capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the door-shaped frame 1, the special-shaped mold 2 is arranged below the pile driving device, and the special-shaped mold 2 is a special-shaped cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end; an air hole 3 is formed in the side wall of the special-shaped die 2, and the air hole 3 is connected with an air compression device 4 through an air guide hose; the door-shaped frame 1 is further provided with a special-shaped mold lifting device 5, the lifting device 5 lifts the special-shaped mold 2 through a rope 6 and a hook 7, and the upper portion of the special-shaped mold 2 is provided with a hanging ring 8 matched with the hook 7.
The pile driving device of the present invention is not limited to the pile driving device of the present embodiment, and preferably, a pile driving machine for construction as disclosed in CN207176681 is used, the pile driving machine includes a pile driving body 9, the pile driving body 9 slides up and down in a guide rail 10, a motor 11 for driving the pile driving body 9 to move is provided at an upper end of the pile driving body 9, a pile driving hammer 12 is provided at a lower end of the pile driving body 9, and a first cushion pad 13 is provided at a lower end of the pile driving hammer 12.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, a partition 14 is arranged at the upper part of the inside of the special-shaped mold 2, the middle part of the partition 14 is of a net structure, and the partition 14 divides the internal space of the special-shaped mold 2 into an air cavity 15 and a soil cavity 16; the air holes 3 are formed in the side walls of the air chamber 15. If the inside of the whole special-shaped mould 2 is filled with soil, the negative pressure is not formed; an air chamber 15 is formed by the partition 14, and the middle of the partition 14 is provided in a net structure so that the air chamber 15 communicates with the soil chamber 16.
Preferably, still be equipped with water inlet 17 on the lateral wall of air chamber 15, it is comparatively dry if soil to go out threaded connection at water inlet 17 has sealed lid 18, then is unfavorable for the formation of negative pressure, and accessible water inlet 17 water injection in to special-shaped mould 2 this moment increases the humidity of soil.
Preferably, a second cushion pad 23 is placed at the upper end of the special-shaped mold 2, and a stopper 24 for limiting the second cushion pad 23 is arranged at the edge of the upper end of the special-shaped mold 2. The second cushion pad 23 is arranged, so that the stress of the special-shaped die 2 is more uniform during piling.
Preferably, the air compression device 4 is a positive and negative pressure integrated air compressor.
Preferably, the lifting device 5 is a winch.
Preferably, the step of constructing the special-shaped tree pit comprises the following steps,
s11, as shown in figure 4, using a piling device to drive the special-shaped mould 2 into the soil until the partition board 14 is in contact with the ground level;
s12, starting the air compression device 4 to generate negative pressure in the special-shaped mould 2, so that the soil is adsorbed in the special-shaped mould 2;
s13, as shown in figure 5, the hook 7 of the lifting device 5 is connected to the hanging ring 8, then the lifting device 5 is started, and the special-shaped mould 2 is pulled out of the soil to form the special-shaped tree pit.
And S14, when the special-shaped mold 2 is in a suspended state, moving the portal frame 1 to a position outside the special-shaped tree pit, starting the air compression device 4 to inflate the special-shaped mold 2 to form positive pressure, and discharging the soil.
Preferably, in step S11, before the air compressing device 4 is started, water is injected into the special-shaped mold 2 through the water inlet 17, and then the sealing cover 18 is closed and left standing for 20 minutes.
Adopt the form of pile to squeeze into soil with special-shaped mould, then bleed to special-shaped mould's inside, make the inside negative pressure that forms of special-shaped mould to make soil adsorb in special-shaped mould, lift special-shaped mould from ground again and pull out and can form special-shaped tree cave, formation special-shaped tree cave that can be very convenient.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the special-shaped root control container comprises a special-shaped root control container body 25, the root control container body 25 is made of degradable materials, the lower end of the root control container body 25 is closed, and the upper end of the root control container body is open.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of funnel-shaped protrusions 26 are disposed on an outer side surface of the root control container body 25, both ends of the funnel-shaped protrusions 26 are open, and a large opening end is connected to the root control container body 25 and is communicated with the inside of the root control container body 25. The setting is leaked the hopper-shaped arch, is convenient for guide the growth of root system, makes the outside growth that the root system can be orderly, can not appear twining the condition such as root.
Preferably, the degradable material is starch-based plastic.
The special-shaped root control container is matched with the special-shaped tree hole, so that the soil quantity is saved, the growth of root systems can be directionally promoted, the absorption of nutrients and water of the root systems is promoted, the survival rate of plants is improved, and the wind resistance and root fixing performance of the plants are improved; and meanwhile, degradable materials are adopted, removal is not needed, and convenience is provided for the environment and the later growth of plants.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8-9, the shaped mold 2 and the root control container body 25 are triangular.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10 to 11, the shaped mold 2 and the root control container body 25 are in a shape of a quadrangle star.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 12-13, the shaped mold 2 and the root control container body 25 are in the shape of a five-pointed star.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 14-15, the shaped mold 2 and the root control container body 25 are in a shape of a hexagon star.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 16-17, the special-shaped mold 2 and the root control container body 25 are in a shape of Chinese character mi.
After the tree is planted, as shown in fig. 18, after the root control container is degraded, the root system of the tree is communicated with the external soil, and the further growth of the root system is not hindered.
The five shapes ensure that the plant root system has enough placing space, and simultaneously determine the plane configurations of five special-shaped tree pits, wherein the respective core parameter data are respectively shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 abnormal pit core parameters
Wherein the radius of the circumscribed circle is specifically determined under the condition that the plant root system grows in the basic space. The requirement is that the special-shaped tree holes inscribed in the diameter can provide sufficient growing space for accommodating the root systems of the plants.
The circle is divided into equal parts, each two parts correspond to the chord length of the special-shaped geometric figure, and the angle is the internal angle of the special-shaped geometric figure corresponding to the chord length.
The vertical projection area is a projection area formed by the special-shaped plane geometric figures, namely the plane geometric area of the special-shaped tree pit.
Wherein the pit depth is conventionally set according to the tree ball height, but in this method it is assumed that all pit depths are the same.
As shown in figure 2, the amount of the planting soil in each heterotype tree hole is calculated, and the growth ranges Ri of the root systems of the specified plants are all R
Circular area S0＝πR2
Inscribed triangle area
Inner cross-shaped area S2＝8*R2/2(ctg45+ctg30)
Inscribed five-pointed star-shaped area S3＝10*R2/2(ctg36+ctg18)
Inscribed hexagonal star area S4＝12*R2/2(ctg30+ctg30)
Inscribed Chinese character mi area S5＝16*R2/2(ctg22.5+ctg45)
The usage saving amount (%) omega ═ S0-Si/S0
TABLE 2 amount of saving omega in the same diameter special-shaped tree pit
TABLE 3 same-soil-quantity tree-cave plant root system growth range increment omega'
The facts of the examples prove that the inscribed pentacta has excellent effects in the two aspects, the soil consumption is saved by 64.3%, the increment of the root system growth range is 67.9%, and the corresponding display significance for the actual engineering is that the engineering cost is saved, enough growth space can be provided for the wind prevention and root fixing capacity of the plant root system, and the wind resistance of the plant is ensured.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and equivalents including technical features described in the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tree planting method of a special-shaped tree pit is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, constructing a special-shaped tree pit;
s2, planting trees into the special-shaped root control containers matched with the special-shaped tree holes, and filling configured soil in the special-shaped root control containers;
s3, placing the special-shaped root control container into the special-shaped tree hole;
and S4, backfilling common soil in the gap between the special-shaped root control container and the special-shaped tree pit, and tamping.
2. The tree planting method of the special-shaped tree pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device for constructing the special-shaped tree pit comprises a portal frame (1) and a special-shaped mold (2), a pile driving device capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the portal frame (1), the special-shaped mold (2) is arranged below the pile driving device, and the special-shaped mold (2) is a special-shaped cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end; an air hole (3) is formed in the side wall of the special-shaped mold (2), and the air hole (3) is connected with an air compression device (4) through an air guide hose; the special-shaped mold lifting device is characterized in that the door-shaped frame (1) is further provided with a special-shaped mold lifting device (5), the special-shaped mold (2) is lifted by the lifting device (5) through a rope (6) and a hook (7), and a hanging ring (8) matched with the hook (7) is arranged on the upper portion of the special-shaped mold (2).
3. The tree planting method for the special-shaped tree pit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the piling device comprises a piling main body (9), the piling main body (9) slides up and down in a guide rail (10), a motor (11) for driving the piling main body (9) to move is arranged at the upper end of the piling main body (9), a piling hammer (12) is arranged at the lower end of the piling main body (9), and a first cushion pad (13) is arranged at the lower end of the piling hammer (12).
4. The tree planting method for the special-shaped tree hole is characterized in that a partition plate (14) is arranged at the upper part in the special-shaped mold (2), the middle part of the partition plate (14) is of a net structure, and the partition plate (14) divides the inner space of the special-shaped mold (2) into an air cavity (15) and a soil cavity (16); the air hole (3) is formed in the side wall of the air cavity (15).
5. The method for planting trees in special-shaped tree pits according to claim 2, wherein a water inlet (17) is further formed in the side wall of the air chamber (15), and a sealing cover (18) is connected to the water inlet (17) in a threaded manner.
6. The tree planting method of the special-shaped tree pit as claimed in claim 2, wherein a second cushion pad (23) is placed on the upper end of the special-shaped mold (2), and a stopper (24) for limiting the second cushion pad (23) is arranged at the edge of the upper end of the special-shaped mold (2).
7. The method for planting trees in special-shaped tree pits according to claim 4, wherein the step of constructing the special-shaped tree pits comprises the following steps,
s11, driving the special-shaped mould (2) into soil by using a piling device until the partition plate (14) is in contact with the ground level;
s12, starting the air compression device (4) to generate negative pressure in the special-shaped mould (2), so that the soil is adsorbed in the special-shaped mould (2);
s13, connecting a hook (7) of the lifting device (5) to a hanging ring (8), then starting the lifting device (5), and pulling out the special-shaped mold (2) from soil to form a special-shaped tree pit;
and S14, when the special-shaped mold (2) is in a suspended state, moving the door-shaped frame (1) to a position outside the special-shaped tree pit, starting the air compression device (4) to inflate the special-shaped mold (2) to form positive pressure, and discharging soil.
8. The method for planting trees in the special-shaped tree hole as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S11, before the air compression device 4 is activated, water is injected into the special-shaped mold 2 through the water inlet 17, then the sealing cover 18 is closed, and the special-shaped mold is left standing for 20 minutes.
9. The method for planting trees in a special-shaped tree pit as recited in claim 1, wherein said special-shaped root control container comprises a special-shaped root control container body (25), said root control container body (25) is made of degradable material, and the lower end of said root control container body (25) is closed and the upper end is open.
10. The tree planting method of the special-shaped tree pit as claimed in claim 7, wherein a plurality of funnel-shaped protrusions (26) are arranged on the outer side surface of the root control container body (25), two ends of each funnel-shaped protrusion (26) are open, and the large opening end is connected with the root control container body (25) and communicated with the inside of the root control container body (25).
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Application publication date: 20200609 |