CN109577276A - Ecological protection structure suitable for rocky bank slope in reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and construction method of ecological protection structure - Google Patents
Ecological protection structure suitable for rocky bank slope in reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and construction method of ecological protection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577276A CN109577276A CN201811356833.6A CN201811356833A CN109577276A CN 109577276 A CN109577276 A CN 109577276A CN 201811356833 A CN201811356833 A CN 201811356833A CN 109577276 A CN109577276 A CN 109577276A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/125—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of vegetable material, e.g. wood, reeds
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological protection structure suitable for a rocky bank slope in a reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and a construction method thereof. The protective structure comprises an arbor and shrub vegetation system, a herbaceous vegetation system and an irrigation system. The arbor and shrub vegetation system comprises a plurality of arbor and shrub vegetation holes drilled on the slope surface of the bank slope. The herbaceous vegetation system is planted living layer and three-dimensional string net including laying the herbaceous vegetation layer on bank slope surface in proper order. The irrigation system comprises a plurality of inclined water diversion holes drilled on the bank slope surface. The construction method of the protective structure comprises the steps of bank slope surface cleaning construction, arbor and shrub vegetation system construction, irrigation system construction, herbaceous vegetation system construction and the like. The system can simultaneously solve the vegetation recovery problem of the rocky bank slope in the reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and the control problem of the weathering rate of the rocky body of the bank slope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering technical field, in particular to a kind of ecology suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope is anti-
Protection structure and its construction method.
Background technique
River channel below dams are because reservoir level periodicity fluctuation makes reservoir periphery be submerged soil periodicity exposure in the water surface
Special area, such as: after Impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir, reservoir level cyclical movement between 175m and 145m elevation, form height
348.97km is reached up to 30m, area2Band-like river channel below dams.Before river channel below dams are formed, the vegetation for being grown in two sides is one
The natural ecological protective screen in road plays interception and filtration to the pollutant from library bank, to protect reservoir area water body；Reservoir drawdown
After area is formed, since falling zone vegetation is most or even all dead, natural ecological barrier action disappears.Therefore, how extensive
The vegetation of multiple river channel below dams just becomes the project of numerous researcher's concerns.
In addition, the Rock And Soil for being located at river channel below dams is subjected to periodical library water immersion-drainage effect, vegetation is lost in addition
Covering, the slacking that river channel below dams Rock And Soil is subjected to is stronger, and Rock And Soil reduces its integrality, drop with faster rate
Its low intensity, and then the stability of river channel below dams Rock And Soil is caused to reduce, it is that may cause the deformation of top Rock And Soil when serious
Even unstability.Therefore, the rate of weathering for how slowing down or controlling river channel below dams Rock And Soil also becomes numerous researcher's concerns
Project.
For the vegetation problem for how restoring river channel below dams, have many research achievements.In general, it needs according to high
Journey (mainly with the relationship of reservoir level), topography and geomorphology, soil characteristic and run-of-bank gravel slope land use pattern etc., to reservoir drawdown
Area carries out gradient fractionation, slope engineering improvement can also be first carried out when having ready conditions, further according to water-proofing performance, the economic performance etc. of plant
Classification selection vegetation type, implements vegetation planting using the river channel below dams exposure time, restores river channel below dams vegetation to reach
Purpose.When river channel below dams are that soil bank slope, the gradient are relatively slow and flooding time is shorter, the survival rate of vegetation is higher, reservoir
Falling zone revegetation is easier.But when river channel below dams are that rock matter bank slope, the gradient are steeper, even flooding time
Shorter, due to lacking the soil of vegetation growth, the survival rate of vegetation is not often high, and river channel below dams revegetation difficulty is larger,
It there is no propagable river channel below dams technology for recovering vegetation at present.
For the Rock And Soil rate of weathering problem for how controlling river channel below dams, also there are many research achievements.In general,
Technology for controlling river channel below dams Rock And Soil rate of weathering can be divided into two classes.One kind is slope surface sealing technique, such as
Slope surface shotcrete with mesh or eco-concrete, slurry (or dry) build slabstone slope protection, gabion gauze pad slope protection, concrete slab shield
Slope etc.；It is another kind of be slopes shallow layer reinforcement, surface layer reinforce and slope surface sealing technique, as slopes consolidation by grouting and slope surface closing,
Slopes bolt anchorage and slope surface closing, slopes mini pile are reinforced and slope surface closing etc..Above-mentioned technology is due to implementing slope surface
Seal treatment can effectively reduce the rate of weathering of falling zone Rock And Soil.But the river channel below dams bank after above-mentioned technical treatment
The revegetation problem on slope is difficult to solve.
By analyze above it is found that river channel below dams be rock matter bank slope when, revegetation is difficult, there is no it is propagable at
Cooking technique；The technology for controlling river channel below dams Rock And Soil rate of weathering is more, but cannot combine revegetation problem.
In consideration of it, the case where being rock matter bank slope for river channel below dams, it would be highly desirable to which research and development can meet revegetation needs simultaneously
The river channel below dams ecological protection technology required with control Rock And Soil rate of weathering.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological safeguard structures and its construction party suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope
Method, to solve problems of the prior art.
To realize the present invention purpose and the technical solution adopted is that such, it is a kind of suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope
Ecological safeguard structure, including shrub plants raw system, draft plants raw system and irrigation system.
It includes that several are drilled with the shrub planting hole in bank slope slope surface that the shrub, which plants raw system,.The shrub is planted
Shrub has been filled in raw hole plants raw column.It is the artificial or natural soil grown for shrub that the shrub, which plants raw column,.It is described
Shrub, which plants cultivation in raw column, shrub root system.
It includes that the draft being successively laid in bank slope slope surface plants generating layer and three-dimensional linked network that the draft, which plants raw system,.The grass
This plant generating layer is the artificial soil layer for herbal growth.The draft, which plants cultivation in generating layer, herbaceous plant seeds.It is described
Three-dimensional linked network is fixedly linked by anchor pole and bank slope.The draft plants generating layer and three-dimensional linked network mutually embedding formation entirety.
The irrigation system includes that several are drilled with and face upward inclined priming hole in bank slope slope surface.It is equipped in the priming hole
Aqueduct.The aqueduct includes filtering pipeline section and water storage pipeline section.The aqueduct implantation intracorporal one end of side slope master is filtering
Pipeline section is water storage pipeline section close to one end of bank slope slope surface.Restrictive filler block is blocked at the aperture of the water storage pipeline section.It is described
Radial water-release fibre beam is laid in restricted filler block.Water storage pipeline section is protruded into one end of the radial water-release fibre beam
In.
Further, the shrub, which is planted, is provided with filter layer between raw column and the hole wall of shrub planting hole.
Further, the shrub planting hole is in tilted layout.The shrub planting hole is greater than with bank slope slope surface angle
45 °, with vertical direction angle less than 45 °.
Further, the shrub planting hole is cylindrical hole.The shrub planting hole diameter is greater than 20cm, and depth is big
In 200cm.
Further, the priming hole is cylindrical hole.The diameter of the priming hole is greater than 10cm, and depth is greater than 10m.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of construction parties about the above-mentioned ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) cleaning construction is carried out to bank slope slope surface, makes slope leveling.
2) shrub planting hole is excavated in slope surface.
3) placement in layers shrub plants raw column in shrub planting hole, and plants in raw column and planted into shrub root in shrub
System.
4) priming hole is excavated in slope surface.
5) aqueduct is installed in priming hole, and restricted filler block is installed at standpipe hole mouth.
6) unwrapping wire determines the position of anchor pole, uses the fixed three-dimensional linked network of anchor pole.
7) construction draft plants generating layer, it is ensured that draft plants generating layer and three-dimensional linked network, and mutually embedding formation is whole.
Further, also there is the related step for being laid with filter layer to hole wall in the bottom hole of shrub planting hole before step 3)
Suddenly.
The solution have the advantages that unquestionable:
A. the revegetation of river channel below dams rock matter bank slope and the control of bank slope Rock And Soil rate of weathering can be solved the problems, such as simultaneously
Problem processed；
B. the raw system of shrub plant provides soil environment for the plantation of river channel below dams rock matter bank slope shrub, and soil is not
Easily it is lost because Changes in underground water changes；
C. draft plants raw system and is that river channel below dams rock matter bank slope draft plants and provides soil environment, and soil be not easy because
Reservoir Water Level and insulated stream are washed away and are lost；Meanwhile draft plants raw system lock bank slope, can control bank slope Rock And Soil
Rate of weathering；
D. irrigation system is planted for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope shrub, draft growth provide water source, to ensure it
In reservoir low water level, arid season normal growth.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is ecological safeguard structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is ecological safeguard structure elevation；
Fig. 3 is that shrub plants raw system structure diagram；
Fig. 4 is that draft plants raw system structure diagram；
Fig. 5 is irrigation system structural schematic diagram.
In figure: shrub planting hole 1, shrub plant raw column 2, shrub root system 3, filter layer 4, draft and plant generating layer 5, three-dimensional
Linked network 6, anchor pole 7, priming hole 8, filtering pipeline section 9, water storage pipeline section 10, restricted filler block 11, radial water-release fibre beam 12.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention only
It is limited to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and used
With means, various replacements and change are made, should all include within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present embodiment discloses a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope, packet
It includes shrub and plants raw system, the raw system of draft plant and irrigation system.
Referring to Fig. 3, it includes multiple shrub planting holes 1 being drilled in bank slope slope surface that the shrub, which plants raw system,.It is described
Shrub planting hole 1 is in tilted layout；The shrub planting hole 1 and bank slope slope surface angle are small with vertical direction angle greater than 45 °
In 45 °.The shrub planting hole 1 is cylindrical hole.1 diameter of shrub planting hole is greater than 20cm, and depth is greater than
200cm.Shrub has been filled in the shrub planting hole 1 plants raw column 2.It is to grow for shrub that the shrub, which plants raw column 2,
Artificial or natural soil.The shrub, which is planted, is provided with filter layer 4 between raw column 2 and the hole wall of shrub planting hole 1.It is described
Filter layer 4 has the function of permeable, ventilative but cannot penetrate fine particle, and effect is to prevent shrub from planting soil in raw column 2
Particle is lost due to water body flow in slope.The shrub, which plants cultivation in raw column 2, shrub root system 3.Shrub root system 3 is wrapped
Shrub is rolled in plant in raw column 2.
Referring to fig. 4, it includes that the draft plant generating layer 5 being successively laid in bank slope slope surface and three-dimensional are hung that the draft, which plants raw system,
Net 6.It is the artificial soil layer for herbal growth that the draft, which plants generating layer 5,.The draft plant 5 water penetration of generating layer, gas permeability,
The characteristics such as water-retaining property, porosity, impact resilience and durability are good.The draft, which plants cultivation in generating layer 5, herbaceous plant seeds.Institute
It states three-dimensional linked network 6 and is fixedly linked by anchor pole 7 with bank slope.The draft plants generating layer 5 and three-dimensional linked network 6 mutually embedding formation entirety.
Referring to Fig. 5, the irrigation system includes that multiple be drilled with faces upward inclined priming hole 8 in bank slope slope surface.The priming hole 8
For cylindrical hole.The diameter of the priming hole 8 is greater than 10cm, and depth is greater than 10m.Aqueduct is equipped in the priming hole 8.Institute
Stating aqueduct includes filtering pipeline section 9 and water storage pipeline section 10.The aqueduct implantation intracorporal one end of side slope master is filtering pipeline section 9,
It is water storage pipeline section 10 close to one end of bank slope slope surface.The tube wall for filtering pipeline section 9 has pervious function, can make bank slope Groundwater infiltration
It faces upward in inclined priming hole, and flows into standpipe section 10.The tube wall of water storage pipeline section 10 is waterproof, for storing underground water.The storage
Restrictive filler block 11 is blocked at the aperture of water pipe section 10.Radial water-release fibre is laid in the restricted filler block 11
Beam 12.One end of the radial water-release fibre beam 12 is protruded into water storage pipeline section 10.The work of the radial water-release fibre beam 12
With being slowly to import that shrub plants raw system and draft plants raw system the underground water for facing upward inclined priming hole water storage pipeline section 10 is stored in
System.Restricted filler block 11 is located at the lower end of water storage pipeline section 10, and effect is to lead the water body in water storage pipeline section 10 along radial
Water cellulose beam 12 slowly oozes out, rather than flows directly out.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment disclose it is a kind of described in embodiment 1 suitable for the ecological safeguard structure of river channel below dams rock matter bank slope
Construction method, comprising the following steps:
1) during river channel below dams exposure, bank slope table bank slope slope surface cleaning construction: is removed using manually or mechanically method
The ground block that face is prominent, easily falls, keeps slope surface as smooth as possible.
2) position of shrub planting hole 1 is determined in slope surface unwrapping wire, then manually or mechanical hole building method excavates tall fill
The wooden planting hole 1.
3) filter layer 4 is laid in the bottom hole and hole wall of shrub planting hole 1.
4) placement in layers shrub plants raw column 2 in shrub planting hole 1, and plants in raw column 2 and planted into tall filling in shrub
The wooden root system 3.In actual production, it can also install in shrub planting hole 1 and use in advance after excavating shrub planting hole 1
The shrub that filter layer 4 wraps plants raw column 2 and shrub root system 3.
5) it in the determining position for facing upward inclined priming hole 8 of slope surface unwrapping wire, then is constructed with mechanical hole building method and faces upward inclined priming hole 8.
6) aqueduct is installed in priming hole 8, and restricted filler block 11 is installed at 10 aperture of water storage pipeline section.
7) unwrapping wire determines the position of anchor pole 7, uses the fixed three-dimensional linked network 6 of anchor pole 7.
8) construction draft plants generating layer 5, it is ensured that draft plants generating layer 5 and three-dimensional linked network 6, and mutually embedding formation is whole.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope, it is characterised in that: including shrub plant raw system,
Draft plants raw system and irrigation system；
It includes that several are drilled with the shrub planting hole (1) in bank slope slope surface that the shrub, which plants raw system,；The shrub is planted
Shrub has been filled in raw hole (1) plants raw column (2)；It is artificial or natural soil that the shrub, which plants raw column (2),；The shrub
Planting cultivation in raw column (2) has shrub root system (3)；
It includes that the draft being successively laid in bank slope slope surface plants generating layer (5) and three-dimensional linked network (6) that the draft, which plants raw system,；It is described
It is artificial soil horizon that draft, which plants generating layer (5),；The draft, which plants cultivation in generating layer (5), herbaceous plant seeds；The three-dimensional linked network
(6) it is fixedly linked by anchor pole (7) with bank slope；
The irrigation system includes that several are drilled with and face upward inclined priming hole (8) in bank slope slope surface；It is worn in the priming hole (8)
There is aqueduct；The aqueduct includes filtering pipeline section (9) and water storage pipeline section (10)；The aqueduct is implanted into side slope master intracorporal one
End is filtering pipeline section (9), is water storage pipeline section (10) close to one end of bank slope slope surface；It is blocked at the aperture of the water storage pipeline section (10)
Restrictive filler block (11).Radial water-release fibre beam (12) is laid in the restricted filler block (11)；The radiation
One end of shape water-release fibre beam (12) is protruded into water storage pipeline section (10).
2. a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The shrub, which is planted, is provided with filter layer (4) between raw column (2) and the hole wall of shrub planting hole (1).
3. a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: the shrub planting hole (1) is in tilted layout；The shrub planting hole (1) and bank slope slope surface angle are greater than 45 °, and perpendicular
Straight angular separation is less than 45 °.
4. a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope according to claim 1 or 3, feature exist
In: the shrub planting hole (1) is cylindrical hole；Shrub planting hole (1) diameter is greater than 20cm, and depth is greater than
200cm。
5. a kind of ecological safeguard structure suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The priming hole (8) is cylindrical hole；The diameter of the priming hole (8) is greater than 10cm, and depth is greater than 10m.
6. a kind of construction method about the ecological safeguard structure for being suitable for river channel below dams rock matter bank slope described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
1) cleaning construction is carried out to bank slope slope surface, makes slope leveling；
2) shrub planting hole (1) is excavated in slope surface；
3) placement in layers shrub is planted raw column (2) in shrub planting hole (1), and is planted in raw column (2) and planted into Qiao in shrub
Bushes Roots (3)；
4) priming hole (8) are excavated in slope surface；
5) aqueduct is installed in priming hole (8), and restricted filler block (11) is installed at water storage pipeline section (10) aperture；
6) unwrapping wire determines the position of anchor pole (7), uses anchor pole (7) fixed three-dimensional linked network (6)；
7) construction draft plants generating layer (5), it is ensured that draft plants generating layer (5) and the mutual embedding formation of three-dimensional linked network (6) is whole.
7. construction method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: also have in shrub planting hole before step 3)
(1) bottom hole and hole wall is laid with the correlation step of filter layer (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811356833.6A CN109577276B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Ecological protection structure suitable for rocky bank slope in reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and construction method of ecological protection structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811356833.6A CN109577276B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Ecological protection structure suitable for rocky bank slope in reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and construction method of ecological protection structure |
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| CN109577276A true CN109577276A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
| CN109577276B CN109577276B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109923969A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-25 | 重庆大学 | A kind of river-like reservoir falling zone method for recovering vegetation |
| CN113767798A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-10 | 杭州元成规划设计集团有限公司 | Method for planting plants in hydro-fluctuation belt of reservoir area |
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| CN2701256Y (en) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-05-25 | 吴伟淡 | Automatic water supply device for plants |
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| CN109577276B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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