CN102804993A - Method of vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation - Google Patents
Method of vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102804993A CN102804993A CN201210282490XA CN201210282490A CN102804993A CN 102804993 A CN102804993 A CN 102804993A CN 201210282490X A CN201210282490X A CN 201210282490XA CN 201210282490 A CN201210282490 A CN 201210282490A CN 102804993 A CN102804993 A CN 102804993A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention relates to a method of vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation, particularly relates to matching of a slope protection vagetaion matrix and selection of slope protection plants, and belongs to the technical field of ecological slope protection. The method is achieved through slope face treatment, lapping and nailing, ground floor base material spraying, seed layer spraying, sprinkling irrigation arrangement and seeding stage maintenance. The method of the vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation achieves construction technology effects which cannot be achieved through common afforestation, is not limited by geological conditions, and is simple in construction, rapid in speed, high in construction quality, even in grass seed spraying and seeding, rapid in sprouting, neat, consistent and wide in applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting, be specifically related to bank protection and planted the proportioning of living matrix and the selection of bank protection plant, belong to the ecological revetment technical field.
Background technology
Increasingly high people to environmental requirement, to pursue under the historical conditions of harmonious co-existence between man and nature, the ecological revetment technology receives publicity day by day.Ecological revetment; Be to combine with civil engineering and lifeless vegetable material to alleviate domatic lability of plant and erosion with the plant that lives; The ABC of subjects such as its integration engineering mechanics, agrology, ecology and botany is carried out supporting to slope or side slope, forms the bulkhead tech of the comprehensive slope protection system of being made up of plant or engineering and plant.In engineering constructions such as railway, highway, dykes and dams; Often to excavate a large amount of side slopes, destroy original vegetation cover, cause the appearance of a large amount of secondary barrens and serious water and soil loss; Caused the seriously unbalance of ecotope; Thereby aggravated the degeneration of the ecosystem, traditional engineering bulkhead tech is unfavorable for the environmental protection and the ecological balance, and area high in rainfall intensity, the ground easy-weathering is difficult to guarantee the compatibility of engineering material and side slope body; Engineering structure is easy to by built on stilts, thereby causes the landslide.Employing ecological revetment technology; Green plants covers geotechnical slope fully; Can not only protect the shallow-layer side slope, and can recover the vegetation of destroyed, beautify the environment, conserve water and soil; Solved the contradiction of slope project protection effectively, realized mankind's activity and natural environment harmonious coexistence with environmental destruction.China starts late to the research of ecological revetment technical elements, and at present domestic ecological revetment still is in application in engineering tested and conceptual phase.
The present invention utilizes vegetation ecological scientific principle opinion basis, has set up an ecological bank protecting method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting.Relate to bank protection and planted the proportioning of living matrix and the selection of bank protection plant.Overcome the contradiction between simple engineering bank protection and the environmental destruction, reach the effect of beautifying the environment, promote that the ecological balance is recovered simultaneously, for the erosion control and the restoration of the ecosystem of all kinds of side slopes of China provides new engineering and method.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, an ecological bank protecting method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting is provided.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting, step is following:
(1) slope surface treatment: artificial loose block of stone and the foreign material of removing domatic surface, guarantee slope leveling, for lapping is laid a solid foundation; Domatic camber average out to ± 10cm before the construction;
(2) lapping, nail net: adopt the two-way earth work grille net of SS20 type, mesh size is 4cm * 4cm; Extend 60 ~ 70cm to top, top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, time soil pressure is real; Take to hang net from top to bottom, overlap distance is 10 ~ 15cm, and silk is firm with its colligation with burning, wire side and domatic between keep 3 ~ 4cm the space;
(3) sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed: get and plant living base material and the seed material mixing evenly obtains base material, it is 0.5 ~ 2% that the seed material accounts for the total proportion of base material, and wherein the seed material is 25 ~ 30g/m
3, with plant living base material spraying machine be injected in successively hang net domatic on, water consumption is controlled at and makes the base material denseness that is injected on the scar can be bonded in unlikely again generation trickling on the scar; Spray to divide secondary to carry out, at first spray bottom matrix, thickness 7 ~ 11cm treats that the composite soil that sprays for the first time is bonded in not come off on domatic, and then for the second time sprays the remaining hybrid substrate that contains seed, is injected on the bottom substrate;
(4) seeding stage maintenance management: after sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed finish, carry out maintenance management, the domatic sprinkling irrigation arranged and watered and make domatic maintenance moistening, complete up to emerging.
The domatic jetting thickness of going up the hard slope section bottom substrate of lithology fragmentation or rock can suitably increase in the step (3).
70 ~ 80 parts of light soils, organic 7.5 ~ 10 parts, 0.6 ~ 1 part in fertilizer, 0.9 ~ 2 part of water-loss reducer, 1 ~ 2 part of binding agent, 10 ~ 15 parts of cementitious matters.
Said seed material is Chinese sumac, thunberg lespedeza, spend more lily magnolia, silk tree, ten days son, wet-land pine tree, pittosporum tobira, cassia corymbosa, glossy privet, Bermuda grass and Festuca Arundinacea in 2 ~ 3 kinds one or more carry out mixed seeding.
Said water-loss reducer is a super absorbent resin, is the very strong functional high molecule material of a kind of water absorbing capacity, is mainly Sodium Polyacrylate.
Said binding agent is for being a kind of water-soluble organic type of soil conditioner.Can effectively prevent effective rising continuation of soil erosion, raising soil permeability power, guarantor's soil guarantor fertilizer, alleviation and adjusting soil moisture that rainwash causes etc.
Said cementitious matter is a Portland cement.
Said fertilizer is mainly composite fertilizer, comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, 3 kinds of elements of potassium, comprises the organic matter more than 20% simultaneously.
The present invention has following advantage: the invention solves the inaccessible construction technology effect of common greening, do not receive the restriction of geological conditions; Construction is simple, speed is fast; Construction quality is high, grass-seed fast, the neat and consistent of evenly germinateing of sowing grass seeds by duster, and applicability is wide.
Embodiment
Light soil described in the embodiment is: is that basic proportioning obtains with a normal soil and a northeast turfy soil and a expanded perlite by 1:1:1.Use through normal soil and turfy soil, perlitic mixing, effectively reduce the bulk density of soil and improve soil quality.
Embodiment 1
(1) slope surface treatment: artificial loose block of stone in surface and the foreign material removed, guarantee slope leveling, for lapping is laid a solid foundation.Domatic camber average out to ± 10cm before the construction;
(2) lapping, nail net: adopt the two-way earth work grille net of SS20 type, mesh size is 4cm * 4cm.Extend more than the 60cm to top, top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, time soil pressure is real.Take to hang net from top to bottom, overlap distance is not less than 10cm, and silk is firm with its colligation with burning; Wire side and domatic between keep about 3～4 centimetres space.Holdfast adopts the 12# screw-thread steel to process, and domatic holdfast is arranged: spacing 1.5 * 1.5m, and domatic holdfast length 30cm is cut in quincunx laying, and the domatic holdfast length of backfill presser feet is 50cm, and holdfast exposes about 10cm, and exposed parts adopts antirust paint to carry out antirust processing;
(3) sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed: will proportionally prepare plant living base material, seed material with plant living base material spraying machine be injected in successively hang net domatic on, water consumption is controlled at and makes the base material denseness that is injected on the scar can be bonded on the scar unlikely again generation trickling to be advisable.Spray and divide secondary to carry out, at first spray bottom matrix, about thickness 9cm; After treating that the composite soil that sprays for the first time reaches certain intensity; And then spray the composite material that contains seed for the second time, be injected on the bottom substrate, finally spray about composite material average thickness 12cm.Can suitably increase in lithology fragmentation or the hard slope of rock section jetting thickness.Must check and approve various material mixing ratios, water consumption during construction, and prepare according to result of the test;
Table 1 is planted the proportioning table of living base material
Table 2 seed material chosen proportioning
| Sequence number | Botanical name | Remarks |
| 1 | Chinese sumac | Fall to irritating, bloom, autumn leaves is red |
| 2 | Thunberg lespedeza | Fall to irritating, pattern is gorgeous |
| 3 | Spend more lily magnolia | Fall to irritating, bloom |
| 4 | Silk tree | Fall to irritating, bloom |
| 5 | Ten days is sub | Green filling |
| 6 | Wet-land pine tree | Evergreen |
| 7 | Pittosporum tobira | Green filling is bloomed |
| 8 | Cassia corymbosa | Shrub, brightly yellowish look |
| 9 | Glossy privet | Floral white |
| 10 | Bermuda grass | Draft, purple flower |
| 11 | Festuca Arundinacea | Evergreen draft |
The seeding stage maintenance management: after construction finishes, germinate smoothly for making plant seed, spend seedling stage, reply immediately greenly soon, maintenance management is absolutely necessary.Content mainly contains sprinkling irrigation and arranges, waters etc.Construction promptly gets into curing period after accomplishing.Keep the work of watering normally can guarantee normal germination, emergence rate.To note sprinkling method during this period and water the water yield, should guarantee enough to impel the water requirement of seed sprouting, can not accumulate too many water again and form rainwash domatic seed is washed away, or cause inhomogeneously, form the part bald spot.Make domatic maintenance moistening as far as possible, complete up to emerging.
Embodiment 2
A method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting, step is following:
(1) slope surface treatment: artificial loose block of stone and the foreign material of removing domatic surface, guarantee slope leveling, for lapping is laid a solid foundation; Domatic camber average out to ± 10cm before the construction;
(2) lapping, nail net: adopt the two-way earth work grille net of SS20 type, mesh size is 4cm * 4cm; Extend 70cm to top, top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, time soil pressure is real; Take to hang net from top to bottom, overlap distance is 15cm, and silk is firm with its colligation with burning, wire side and domatic between keep 4cm the space;
(3) sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed: get and plant living base material and the seed material mixing evenly obtains base material, wherein the seed material is 30g/m
3, with plant living base material spraying machine be injected in successively hang net domatic on, water consumption is controlled at and makes the base material denseness that is injected on the scar can be bonded in unlikely again generation trickling on the scar; Spray to divide secondary to carry out, at first spray bottom matrix, thickness 11cm treats that the composite soil that sprays for the first time is bonded in not come off on domatic, and then for the second time sprays the remaining hybrid substrate that contains seed, is injected on the bottom substrate;
(4) seeding stage maintenance management: after sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed finish, carry out maintenance management, the domatic sprinkling irrigation arranged and watered and make domatic maintenance moistening, complete up to emerging.
Saidly plant living base material proportioning is following by weight: 70 ~ 80 parts of light soils, organic 7.5 ~ 10 parts, 1 part in fertilizer, 2 parts of water-loss reducers, 1 part of binding agent, 10 parts of cementitious matters.
Said seed material is Chinese sumac, thunberg lespedeza, spend more lily magnolia, silk tree carries out mixed seeding for several kinds.Said water-loss reducer is a super absorbent resin, and material is a Sodium Polyacrylate.Said binding agent is water-soluble organic type of soil conditioner.Said cementitious matter is a Portland cement.Said fertilizer is mainly composite fertilizer, comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, 3 kinds of elements of potassium.
Embodiment 3
A method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting, step is following:
(1) slope surface treatment: artificial loose block of stone and the foreign material of removing domatic surface, guarantee slope leveling, for lapping is laid a solid foundation; Domatic camber average out to ± 10cm before the construction;
(2) lapping, nail net: adopt the two-way earth work grille net of SS20 type, mesh size is 4cm * 4cm; Extend 65cm to top, top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, time soil pressure is real; Take to hang net from top to bottom, overlap distance is 13cm, and silk is firm with its colligation with burning, wire side and domatic between keep 4cm the space;
(3) sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed: get and plant living base material and the seed material mixing evenly obtains base material; It is 0.5 ~ 2% that the seed material accounts for the total proportion of base material; Wherein the seed material is 28g/m3; With plant living base material spraying machine be injected in successively hang net domatic on, water consumption is controlled at and makes the base material denseness that is injected on the scar can be bonded in unlikely again generation trickling on the scar; Spray to divide secondary to carry out, at first spray bottom matrix, thickness 9cm treats that the composite soil that sprays for the first time is bonded in not come off on domatic, and then for the second time sprays the remaining hybrid substrate that contains seed, is injected on the bottom substrate;
(4) seeding stage maintenance management: after sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed finish, carry out maintenance management, the domatic sprinkling irrigation arranged and watered and make domatic maintenance moistening, complete up to emerging.
80 parts of light soils, organic 7.5 parts, 0.8 part in fertilizer, 1 part of water-loss reducer, 2 parts of binding agents, 12 parts of cementitious matters.
Said seed material is that pittosporum tobira, cassia corymbosa, glossy privet, Bermuda grass and Festuca Arundinacea carry out mixed seeding.Said water-loss reducer is a super absorbent resin, and material is a Sodium Polyacrylate.Said binding agent is water-soluble organic type of soil conditioner.Said cementitious matter is a Portland cement.Said fertilizer is mainly composite fertilizer, comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, 3 kinds of elements of potassium.
Claims (8)
1. method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting is characterized in that step is following:
(1) slope surface treatment: artificial loose block of stone and the foreign material of removing domatic surface, guarantee slope leveling, for lapping is laid a solid foundation; Domatic camber average out to ± 10cm before the construction;
(2) lapping, nail net: adopt the two-way earth work grille net of SS20 type, mesh size is 4cm * 4cm; Extend 60 ~ 70cm to top, top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, time soil pressure is real; Take to hang net from top to bottom, overlap distance is 10 ~ 15cm, and silk is firm with its colligation with burning, wire side and domatic between keep 3 ~ 4cm the space;
(3) sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed: get and plant living base material and the seed material mixing evenly obtains base material; It is 0.5 ~ 2% that the seed material accounts for the total proportion of base material; With plant living base material spraying machine be injected in successively hang net domatic on, water consumption is controlled at and makes the base material denseness that is injected on the scar can be bonded in unlikely again generation trickling on the scar; Spray to divide secondary to carry out, at first spray bottom matrix, thickness 7 ~ 11cm treats that the composite soil that sprays for the first time is bonded in not come off on domatic, and then for the second time sprays the remaining hybrid substrate that contains seed, is injected on the bottom substrate;
(4) seeding stage maintenance management: after sow grass seeds by duster base material and seed finish, carry out maintenance management, the domatic sprinkling irrigation arranged and watered and make domatic maintenance moistening, complete up to emerging.
2. plant the method for living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the domatic jetting thickness of going up the hard slope section bottom substrate of lithology fragmentation or rock can suitably increase in the step (3).
3. plant the method for living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that saidly planting living base material proportioning being following by weight: 70 ~ 80 parts of light soils, organic 7.5 ~ 10 parts; 0.6 ~ 1 part in fertilizer; 0.9 ~ 2 part of water-loss reducer, 1 ~ 2 part of binding agent, 10 ~ 15 parts of cementitious matters.
4. plant the method for living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said seed material is Chinese sumac, thunberg lespedeza, spend more lily magnolia, silk tree, ten days son, wet-land pine tree, pittosporum tobira, cassia corymbosa, glossy privet, Bermuda grass and Festuca Arundinacea in 2 ~ 3 kinds one or more carry out mixed seeding.
5. like the said method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said water-loss reducer is a super absorbent resin, and material is a Sodium Polyacrylate.
6. like the said method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said binding agent is water-soluble organic type of soil conditioner.
7. like the said method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said cementitious matter is a Portland cement.
8. like the said method of planting living matrix spraying and seeding afforesting of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said fertilizer is mainly composite fertilizer, comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, 3 kinds of elements of potassium.
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Cited By (18)
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| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN103422509A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-04 | 张家港市绿岩生态技术有限公司 | Method for managing mine environment |
| CN103643684A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-19 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Exposed slope ecological restoration construction method taking fermented sludge as matrix |
| CN103708914A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛润国生态科技发展有限公司 | Special-purpose nutrient medium for impact-resistant ecological blanket |
| CN105089065A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-25 | 三峡大学 | Method for improving reinforcement effect on habitat matrixes and preventing matrixes from splashing in ejecting planting process |
| CN106351251A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-25 | 温州乐发教育科技有限公司 | Concrete earth-retaining wall drain hole greening structure and method |
| CN107251729A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-10-17 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of class loam matrix for side slope is sowed grass seeds by duster construction method |
| CN107975051A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-01 | 固远晨通科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fast greening bank protection and its method of construction for poor soil side slope |
| CN109137939A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of ecological protection method of Railway Bed Slope |
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| CN109983970A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of orchard overlay film spraying sowing green manure |
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| CN103290854B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-06-24 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN103422509A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-04 | 张家港市绿岩生态技术有限公司 | Method for managing mine environment |
| CN103422509B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of mine environmental remediation method |
| CN103643684A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-19 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Exposed slope ecological restoration construction method taking fermented sludge as matrix |
| CN103643684B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-01-06 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Exposed slope ecological restoration construction method taking fermented sludge as matrix |
| CN103708914A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛润国生态科技发展有限公司 | Special-purpose nutrient medium for impact-resistant ecological blanket |
| CN105089065A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-25 | 三峡大学 | Method for improving reinforcement effect on habitat matrixes and preventing matrixes from splashing in ejecting planting process |
| CN106351251B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-05-25 | 温州乐发教育科技有限公司 | A kind of construction method of concrete retaining wall drain hole greening structure |
| CN106351251A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-25 | 温州乐发教育科技有限公司 | Concrete earth-retaining wall drain hole greening structure and method |
| CN107251729A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-10-17 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of class loam matrix for side slope is sowed grass seeds by duster construction method |
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| CN109577276A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-05 | 重庆交通大学 | Ecological protection structure suitable for rocky bank slope in reservoir hydro-fluctuation area and construction method of ecological protection structure |
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| CN110984194B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-11-23 | 河南理工大学 | Mine ecological remediation supporting spraying equipment |
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